backstage: the community link honors the community-button setting (#5909)

File › Options' "Show the community button in the title bar" hid only the
title-bar pill; the backstage menu still showed "Discord community" at
its bottom — one setting, half honored. The menu now draws the link only
when the same setting is on, next to About.

Co-authored-by: Bra1nZ <bra1nz@astraoffice.com>

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -7,11 +7,30 @@ updates:
       interval: "daily"
       time: "06:00"
       timezone: "America/New_York"
-    # Consolidate updates into a single PR rather than one PR per crate
+    # Minor and patch updates share one PR. A breaking bump gets its own PR so one API change
+    # doesn't hold the safe updates back (#2973). For cargo, Dependabot counts a 0.y bump of a
+    # 0.x crate as major, as Cargo does. A dependency goes to the first group it matches, so the
+    # crate families that must move together come before the catch-all.
     groups:
+      egui:
+        patterns:
+          - "egui"
+          - "egui_*"
+          - "eframe"
+          - "winit"
+      fonts:
+        patterns:
+          - "skrifa"
+          - "harfrust"
+      hayro:
+        patterns:
+          - "hayro-*"
       cargo-dependencies:
         patterns:
           - "*"
+        update-types:
+          - "minor"
+          - "patch"
     commit-message:
       prefix: "chore(deps)"
 

.github/workflows/house-rules.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+name: House rules
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [main]
+    paths:
+      - AGENTS.md
+      - CLAUDE.md
+      - .github/workflows/house-rules.yml
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - AGENTS.md
+      - CLAUDE.md
+      - .github/workflows/house-rules.yml
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+concurrency:
+  group: house-rules-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  house-rules:
+    uses: storytold/craft-common-actions/.github/workflows/house-rules.yml@main
+    with:
+      rust: true

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -18,7 +18,14 @@ concurrency:
   cancel-in-progress: false
 
 jobs:
+  # Regenerates contributors/contributors.json for the release commit; every build bundles it.
+  credits:
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      pull-requests: read
+    uses: storytold/craft-common-actions/.github/workflows/refresh-contributors.yml@main
   release:
+    needs: credits
     # Only this job publishes the GitHub release, so only it gets write access.
     permissions:
       contents: write
@@ -31,6 +38,7 @@ jobs:
       craft-fonts-ref: b076417b5880bd4154bd22f00695b1d28c6bea83
       web-craft-fonts: true
       version: ${{ inputs.version }}
+      contributors-artifact: ${{ needs.credits.outputs.artifact-name }}
     secrets:
       APPLE_CERTIFICATE: ${{ secrets.APPLE_CERTIFICATE }}
       APPLE_CERTIFICATE_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.APPLE_CERTIFICATE_PASSWORD }}
@@ -46,3 +54,4 @@ jobs:
       AZURE_SIGNING_ENDPOINT: ${{ secrets.AZURE_SIGNING_ENDPOINT }}
       AZURE_SIGNING_ACCOUNT: ${{ secrets.AZURE_SIGNING_ACCOUNT }}
       AZURE_CERT_PROFILE: ${{ secrets.AZURE_CERT_PROFILE }}
+      LINUX_SIGNING_KEY: ${{ secrets.LINUX_SIGNING_KEY }}

AGENTS.md

@@ -1,10 +1,62 @@
+<!-- craft-house-rules:start core source=dde09ea31e2e457f5b4653a6e76f7cdf55944bdf sha256=540e6cea75d12d0710c3dca89658328e81e508ecef102446ca5bb95b7c0b92bb -->
+## House rules
+
+These apply in every Craft repository. A later rule may be stricter, not weaker. The source is `standards/house-rules-core.md` in `storytold/craft-contrib`. Propose changes there, not in a copy.
+
+1. **A person is accountable.** Whoever runs an agent answers for what it opens and for its review comments.
+2. **Check, then claim.** Before writing code, read the issue comments, search pull requests for `#N` and the keywords, and check recent commits on `main`. Comment on the issue first. Release a claim you will not finish.
+3. **Verify, don't guess.** Open a definition before using it. Confirm the cause in the code, even when someone names a location.
+4. **Keep fixes narrow and tested.** Fix what the issue describes, where the bug is. Add a test that fails without the fix.
+5. **Review the diff before opening a pull request.** Identifiers exist as used, the test fails without the fix, nothing unrelated changed, and the description is true.
+6. **Look for a better pull request.** If another fixes the same thing, close yours when it is better or equal, and say why.
+7. **Report only what ran.** Say what you tested and what you could not run. Without a local build or test, say so and rely on CI before marking ready.
+8. **`main` changes through a pull request.** Do not push to it. Branch protection enforces this. There is no exception.
+9. **Stop and ask only about** licensing outside the allowlist, publishing, releases, a new remote, secrets, spending money, destructive git, and anything else hard to undo. Otherwise keep working. `plan/` is a gitignored notebook, not rules. Without it, do not ask for it and do not stop.
+10. **Keep secrets and personal details out** of the repository, logs and requests.
+11. **CI stays shared.** Workflows call `storytold/craft-common-actions`. Do not change CI in a feature or fix pull request. If CI cannot cover a change, open an issue there.
+12. **Guards say why.** A check that looks removable says what it prevents. Read that before changing it.
+13. **Instructions must be readable by everyone.** No notes about one machine, and no links to files a reader cannot open. `craftrules` is retired. Do not link to it.
+14. **Keep pull requests moving.** Concurrent pull requests are fine; unanswered actionable feedback is not. Respond in 7 days, a reminder at 14, closure eligible at 30, from when an actionable request waits on the author. Suggestions and unconfirmed bot findings do not start the clock. A fix, explanation or agreed plan resets it; unrelated activity does not. Waiting on a reviewer or maintainer pauses it and does not count against the author. A maintainer decides closure; it is never automatic. Reuse search results, do not poll, and stop at a rate limit.
+15. **No agent attribution.** A pull request does not say an agent wrote it. A repository rule may not require that.
+<!-- craft-house-rules:end -->
+<!-- craft-house-rules:start rust source=dde09ea31e2e457f5b4653a6e76f7cdf55944bdf sha256=387e0ccb4b49e567f60951d7d6fff7305054c89f43ad812b9993dc7c38528013 -->
+## Rust Craft repositories
+
+These apply to native Craft apps and to shared Rust libraries. Select them by repository type. A repository that merely contains some Rust does not take this block. Rules later in a repository's file may be stricter, but not weaker. The source is `standards/house-rules-rust.md` in [storytold/craft-contrib](https://github.com/storytold/craft-contrib).
+
+1. **Never crash.** Non-test code does not panic and has no `unsafe`, except where the repository file names an exception. Return errors, treat input as hostile, and bound recursion and allocations. New production crate roots copy the `deny` attribute from an existing crate: `clippy::unwrap_used`, `clippy::expect_used`, `clippy::panic`, `clippy::unimplemented`, `clippy::todo`, `clippy::unreachable`. Every crash fix comes with a test that panicked before the fix.
+2. **Clean room.** Learn from observed behaviour and public specifications. Do not copy another product's code, assets, strings or artwork. Check a dependency's licence before adding it.
+3. **Assets and fonts.** Every asset is original or suitably licensed, and is recorded in `ATTRIBUTION.md` in the same change. Font files live in [storytold/craft-fonts](https://github.com/storytold/craft-fonts), not in the app repository.
+4. **Rust only for native Craft apps.** No handwritten JavaScript or TypeScript, and no Tauri, Electron or webview shell, in those apps. Shared tooling follows its documented technical scope and maintainer-approved exceptions. Craft PR Review's existing Tauri and TypeScript UI is one such exception. It does not relax this rule for native apps. Preserve any existing web build.
+5. **Time goes through `chrono`.** Do not hand-roll calendar conversion. For dates beyond what `chrono` can represent, follow [standards/time.md](https://github.com/storytold/craft-contrib/blob/main/standards/time.md).
+6. **Contributor credits.** Add or edit only your own person's entry in `contributors/people.toml`, and only after asking them. Never guess a name or hand-edit `contributors.json`.
+
+## Licence allowlist
+
+Dependencies and assets use SPDX identifiers. An expression is allowed when every identifier is in this list. A repository may name a shorter list. It may not add an identifier here by editing its own copy of these rules.
+
+- `ISC`
+- `MIT`
+- `BSD-2-Clause`
+- `BSD-3-Clause`
+- `Apache-2.0`
+- `OFL-1.1`
+- `Ubuntu-font-1.0`
+- `Bitstream-Vera`
+- `CC0-1.0`
+- `CC-BY-4.0`
+- `CC-BY-SA-4.0`
+- `LicenseRef-Public-Domain`
+
+`LicenseRef-Storyteller-Trademark` is not in this list. It covers Storyteller brand marks only, where a repository already says so.
+<!-- craft-house-rules:end -->
+
 # WordCraft — instructions for agents
 
 WordCraft is a clean-room, open-source, Rust-native word processor targeting Microsoft Word parity — and going further on speed, openness and agent control. It runs natively on macOS, Windows, Linux and BSD, and on the web via WASM. Siblings with the same conventions: `../photocraft` (Photoshop), `../vectorcraft` (Illustrator), `../filmcraft` (Premiere), `../lightcraft` (Lightroom), `../pdfcraft` (Acrobat), `../effectcraft` (After Effects), `../designcraft` (InDesign).
 
 ## Start every session here
-1. Read `plan/STATUS.md` (current milestone, next task), then the task in `plan/execution-plan.md` and the relevant `plan/architecture.md` section. `plan/` is gitignored (local only); if it's missing, start from `ROADMAP.md`, `docs/gaps.md` and `docs/roadmap.md` (Current focus).
-2. Follow the autonomous operation protocol (`plan/execution-plan.md` §5). Don't stop to ask unless a decision is genuinely the owner's (licensing, publishing, pushing to new remotes, secrets).
+Read [`ROADMAP.md`](ROADMAP.md), [`docs/gaps.md`](docs/gaps.md) and [`docs/roadmap.md`](docs/roadmap.md). `plan/` is an optional gitignored notebook. Do not ask for it and do not stop when it is absent.
 
 ## Never crash
 People trust WordCraft with their writing; a crash loses their work. **This outranks feature work**: never ship a feature through a panic path, and fix a crash before building on top of it.
@@ -28,7 +80,7 @@ People trust WordCraft with their writing; a crash loses their work. **This outr
 - Never read, disassemble or copy anything inside the Word bundle (file names/listings only). Never commit files produced by Word. Never copy Microsoft wording beyond feature names.
 - File formats come from public specs: ECMA-376 / ISO 29500 (OOXML), the published RTF spec, OASIS ODF 1.3. Never copy GPL/LGPL/AGPL code (LibreOffice, AbiWord, pandoc…).
 
-## Architecture (see `plan/architecture.md`)
+## Architecture
 | Layer | Crate | Job |
 |---|---|---|
 | L0 | `geom` | units, rects, measurement parsing |
@@ -44,7 +96,6 @@ People trust WordCraft with their writing; a crash loses their work. **This outr
 - **Everything is a command.** User-visible behaviour = a `CommandSpec` in `crates/engine/src/cmd/*.rs` (id, label, ribbon location, shortcut, params doc, `enabled`, `run`) + tests. UI-only commands (`ui.*`) live in `crates/ui-egui/src/lib.rs`. The ribbon, shortcuts, command search, CLI, control channel and MCP all dispatch by id. Programmatic calls never open dialogs.
 - **Parity is measured:** `crates/engine/src/catalog.rs` lists Word's ribbon/menu features with command ids. `cargo xtask parity` writes `docs/parity-checklist.md`; a test enforces a floor that only rises. Implement missing ids to raise it.
 - **Layering** is enforced by `cargo xtask layers`. Nothing below L6 depends on egui/eframe/winit/rfd. The UI is thin and reads `Session` state; colours come from `theme::Tokens`.
-- **Time goes through `chrono`** (workspace dependency). Never hand-roll UTC/calendar conversion (days-to-date algorithms, leap-year math). A crate owns only its output format string. The one exception is range extension: past the years chrono can represent, shift the date by whole 400-year Gregorian cycles (146,097 days, after which the calendar repeats), let chrono compute the month and day, and add the cycles back to the year (splitting seconds into hours, minutes and seconds is plain arithmetic).
 - **Rust only** (no handwritten JS/TS). **Never break wasm** (`cargo xtask wasm`).
 
 ## Quality gates
@@ -85,3 +136,5 @@ Progress docs: `ROADMAP.md` (stage, headline numbers, progress log), `docs/targe
 - Workflows in `.github/workflows/` call the shared workflows in [`storytold/craft-common-actions`](https://github.com/storytold/craft-common-actions) at `@main`, with their inputs and secrets. No other jobs: if no shared workflow does what's needed, it doesn't go here.
 - Don't add or change CI in a feature or fix PR. If the existing workflows can't build or test a change, link an existing craft-common-actions issue or PR, or open a new issue, or a PR only for a small fix that is safe for every app and does not increase CI time.
 - Some workflow files here still run their own jobs. Don't add to them. Moving a job into craft-common-actions is its own task, never part of another PR, and the job stays here until a shared workflow runs it.
+
+New workspace crates include `workspace = true` under `[lints]` in `Cargo.toml`. Production crate roots declare the crate-level lint attributes before modules; crate-level `//!` documentation may precede them.

CLAUDE.md

@@ -1,71 +1 @@
-# WordCraft — instructions for agents
-
-WordCraft is a clean-room, open-source, Rust-native word processor targeting Microsoft Word parity — and going further on speed, openness and agent control. It runs natively on macOS, Windows, Linux and BSD, and on the web via WASM. Siblings with the same conventions: `../photocraft` (Photoshop), `../vectorcraft` (Illustrator), `../filmcraft` (Premiere), `../lightcraft` (Lightroom), `../pdfcraft` (Acrobat), `../effectcraft` (After Effects), `../designcraft` (InDesign).
-
-## Start every session here
-1. Read `plan/STATUS.md` (current milestone, next task), then the task in `plan/execution-plan.md` and the relevant `plan/architecture.md` section. `plan/` is gitignored (local only); if it's missing, start from `ROADMAP.md`, `docs/gaps.md` and `docs/roadmap.md` (Current focus).
-2. Follow the autonomous operation protocol (`plan/execution-plan.md` §5). Don't stop to ask unless a decision is genuinely the owner's (licensing, publishing, pushing to new remotes, secrets).
-
-## Never crash
-People trust WordCraft with their writing; a crash loses their work. **This outranks feature work**: never ship a feature through a panic path, and fix a crash before building on top of it.
-- **No panics in non-test code:** no `unwrap()`, `expect()`, `panic!`, `unreachable!`, `todo!`, `unimplemented!`; no `unsafe` (`unsafe_code = "forbid"`).
-- **Errors are `Result<T, E>`** through the crate's error type and `?`. An unfinished feature returns an error or is disabled; it never panics.
-- **Input-derived numbers are hostile** (files, commands, MCP/control params): `get()` instead of `[i]`, slice strings only at char boundaries, checked/saturating arithmetic, clamp sizes, cap allocations, bound recursion.
-- **Last-resort guard:** `Session::run` turns an escaped panic into an error and restores the document. It's a safety net, not a licence.
-- **Prove it:** every crash fix lands with a regression test. `crates/engine/src/tests.rs::hostile_params_never_panic` runs every command with junk params — keep it green.
-- Production crate roots carry `#![deny(clippy::unwrap_used, clippy::expect_used, clippy::panic, clippy::unimplemented, clippy::todo, clippy::unreachable)]`; new crates start with it and add `[lints]` with `workspace = true` to their `Cargo.toml`. Tests may `unwrap` (`clippy.toml`).
-
-## Assets: absolutely no Microsoft (or Adobe/Avid/Autodesk) iconography or images
-**This rule is non-negotiable.** Breaking it is the worst mistake you can make in this repo.
-- Never copy, trace, screenshot-crop or recreate icons, images, templates, themes, clip art, fonts, cursors, sounds or any other asset from Microsoft Word/Office or any Microsoft, Adobe, Avid or Autodesk product. Not even "temporarily".
-- Every asset must be **original** (drawn in code — prefer this: `crates/ui-egui/src/icons.rs`), **public domain / CC0**, **OSI open source**, or **Creative Commons that allows redistribution**, or licensed open source by a contributor who made it.
-- **Every asset file has a row in [`ATTRIBUTION.md`](ATTRIBUTION.md)** (author, source, licence). `cargo xtask assets` (part of `cargo xtask ci`) fails otherwise. Add the row in the same commit as the file.
-- Fonts: new font files go to [`storytold/craft-fonts`](https://github.com/storytold/craft-fonts), never this repo; it's an optional build input (`CRAFT_FONTS_DIR`). Spelling word lists and hyphenation patterns live in [`storytold/craft-i18n`](https://github.com/storytold/craft-i18n) `language-data/`, never this repo; they are embedded from `CRAFT_I18N_DIR` (pinned by `craft-i18n.rev`, which CI checks out). Without it the app builds, but English spelling falls back to an installed Hunspell English or the built-in Moby word list (with no American/British variant table) and pattern hyphenation is off (Bulgarian, Turkish and Russian still hyphenate by rule), so proofing tests need it. Documents asking for proprietary fonts (Calibri, Aptos, Cambria…) are rendered with installed system fonts or metric-compatible open substitutes (`crates/fonts/src/word.rs`) — never bundle proprietary fonts.
-- Templates, sample documents and themes are our own text and colours (`crates/engine/src/sample.rs`, `cmd/design.rs`). Demo images are public domain, with sources recorded.
-
-## Clean room
-- Microsoft Word is installed on the dev machine and may be **observed** black-box: run it, use its UI with synthetic documents, take screenshots **of its window only** (by window id — the machine runs other work; never capture the whole desktop) stored only under `plan/word/screenshots/` (gitignored, never committed).
-- Never read, disassemble or copy anything inside the Word bundle (file names/listings only). Never commit files produced by Word. Never copy Microsoft wording beyond feature names.
-- File formats come from public specs: ECMA-376 / ISO 29500 (OOXML), the published RTF spec, OASIS ODF 1.3. Never copy GPL/LGPL/AGPL code (LibreOffice, AbiWord, pandoc…).
-
-## Architecture (see `plan/architecture.md`)
-| Layer | Crate | Job |
-|---|---|---|
-| L0 | `geom` | units, rects, measurement parsing |
-| L1 | `doc`, `fonts` | document model + edit primitives; font DB, shaping, Word font substitution |
-| L2 | `layout`, `docx`, `formats` | line breaking, pagination, tables, headers/footers, hit testing; OOXML I/O; TXT/MD/HTML/RTF/ODT |
-| L3 | `render`, `pdf` | vello_cpu rasteriser; krilla PDF |
-| L4 | `engine` | Session, undo, **command registry**, Word feature catalog, samples, I/O dispatch |
-| L5 | `mcp` | MCP server (headless or bridged to the app) |
-| L6 | `ui-egui` | Word-style egui front end (swappable) |
-| apps | `apps/wordcraft`, `apps/wordcraft-cli`, `apps/wordcraft-web` | binaries |
-| external | `craft-proof` (craft-libs, used as `wordcraft-proof`, sits at L1) | proofing: spelling, grammar, hyphenation; its word lists and patterns are craft-i18n's `language-data/` (`CRAFT_I18N_DIR`) |
-
-- **Everything is a command.** User-visible behaviour = a `CommandSpec` in `crates/engine/src/cmd/*.rs` (id, label, ribbon location, shortcut, params doc, `enabled`, `run`) + tests. UI-only commands (`ui.*`) live in `crates/ui-egui/src/lib.rs`. The ribbon, shortcuts, command search, CLI, control channel and MCP all dispatch by id. Programmatic calls never open dialogs.
-- **Parity is measured:** `crates/engine/src/catalog.rs` lists Word's ribbon/menu features with command ids. `cargo xtask parity` writes `docs/parity-checklist.md`; a test enforces a floor that only rises. Implement missing ids to raise it.
-- **Layering** is enforced by `cargo xtask layers`. Nothing below L6 depends on egui/eframe/winit/rfd. The UI is thin and reads `Session` state; colours come from `theme::Tokens`.
-- **Rust only** (no handwritten JS/TS). **Never break wasm** (`cargo xtask wasm`).
-
-## Quality gates
-Before every commit: `cargo xtask ci` (fmt, clippy -D warnings, tests, assets, layers, wasm). Commit after every arc of work that builds, with a task id in the message (`M2.1: line spacing dialog`).
-
-## Typing behaves like Word
-Typing, Enter, Backspace, Tab, lists, AutoCorrect and AutoFormat follow Word's observed behaviour in [`docs/typing-parity.md`](docs/typing-parity.md), pinned by `crates/engine/src/tests/typing.rs` (keys go through the same commands as the keyboard). Change behaviour, doc and tests together; a typing fix lands with a test there. Compare headlessly (`ui_shot`); don't drive GUIs with keystrokes on the shared machine.
-
-## Running and looking at the app
-- `cargo run --release -p wordcraft -- --sample --control 7981` (sample document + control channel).
-- Drive it with JSON lines on `127.0.0.1:7981`, each with the window's key from `~/.config/wordcraft/control-key.local-7981` (macOS: `~/Library/Application Support/WordCraft/`), e.g. `{"id":1,"key":"…","method":"engine.execute","params":{"command":"text.insert","params":{"text":"Hello"}}}` then `{"id":2,"key":"…","method":"ui.screenshot","params":{"path":"/tmp/shot.png"}}`. Methods: `crates/ui-egui/src/control.rs`; docs: `docs/control-protocol.md` (Keys).
-- **Headless window screenshots** (no focus stealing, works with a locked screen): `cargo run --release -p wordcraft-ui-egui --example ui_shot -- script.jsonl` (see the example's header).
-- **For UI work, look at the result** (screenshot, read the PNG) and compare with Word side by side.
-- CLI: `wordcraft-cli convert in.docx out.pdf`, `wordcraft-cli run --template sample --cmd 'select.text={"text":"Studio"}' --cmd format.bold --save out.docx`, `wordcraft-cli commands`, `wordcraft-cli parity`.
-- MCP: `wordcraft-cli mcp` (headless) or `wordcraft-cli mcp --connect 127.0.0.1:7981` (drives the running app). See `docs/mcp.md`.
-- Shell gotcha: `mv`/`cp` may be aliased interactive — use `/bin/mv -f` / `/bin/cp -f`.
-- Parallel agents: separate `CARGO_TARGET_DIR` per agent; edit only the crates you own; delete your target dir when done (disk).
-
-## Roadmap
-Progress docs: `ROADMAP.md` (stage, headline numbers, progress log), `docs/target-app-parity.md` (the assessment), `docs/gaps.md` (ranked work list), `docs/roadmap.md` (milestones, Current focus), `docs/architecture.md`, and the parity checklists `docs/file-format-parity.md`, `docs/layout-parity.md`, `docs/typing-parity.md`, `docs/ui-parity.md`, `docs/hardware-parity.md`, `docs/localization-parity.md`. When work lands, update the gap, the parity doc and the progress log, and bump each touched doc's status line and revision history.
-
-## CI workflows
-- Workflows in `.github/workflows/` call the shared workflows in [`storytold/craft-common-actions`](https://github.com/storytold/craft-common-actions) at `@main`, with their inputs and secrets. No other jobs: if no shared workflow does what's needed, it doesn't go here.
-- Don't add or change CI in a feature or fix PR. If the existing workflows can't build or test a change, link an existing craft-common-actions issue or PR, or open a new issue, or a PR only for a small fix that is safe for every app and does not increase CI time.
-- Some workflow files here still run their own jobs. Don't add to them. Moving a job into craft-common-actions is its own task, never part of another PR, and the job stays here until a shared workflow runs it.
+@AGENTS.md

Cargo.lock

@@ -1081,7 +1081,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "craft-pdf"
 version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/storytold/craft-libs?rev=92d392cff132eaf53e13afff77f38b5c11b73aa0#92d392cff132eaf53e13afff77f38b5c11b73aa0"
+source = "git+https://github.com/storytold/craft-libs?rev=c5a1cbfb5f9049f9270955caffb5bee5997aebf7#c5a1cbfb5f9049f9270955caffb5bee5997aebf7"
 dependencies = [
  "krilla",
  "thiserror 2.0.21",
@@ -1090,9 +1090,10 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "craft-print"
 version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/storytold/craft-libs?rev=92d392cff132eaf53e13afff77f38b5c11b73aa0#92d392cff132eaf53e13afff77f38b5c11b73aa0"
+source = "git+https://github.com/storytold/craft-libs?rev=a3e0b5a9440d18f19422a9dca13516747b7d3181#a3e0b5a9440d18f19422a9dca13516747b7d3181"
 dependencies = [
  "craft-winprint-gdi",
+ "log",
  "miniz_oxide 0.9.1",
  "roxmltree",
  "tempfile",
@@ -1157,6 +1158,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "zip 9.1.0",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "craft-web-host"
+version = "0.1.0"
+source = "git+https://github.com/storytold/craft-libs?rev=2e2312ddaf21bc3d85cd3395d0955c7d239306f6#2e2312ddaf21bc3d85cd3395d0955c7d239306f6"
+dependencies = [
+ "wasm-bindgen",
+ "web-sys",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "craft-window"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -2960,7 +2970,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "krilla"
 version = "0.8.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/storytold/craft-libs?rev=92d392cff132eaf53e13afff77f38b5c11b73aa0#92d392cff132eaf53e13afff77f38b5c11b73aa0"
+source = "git+https://github.com/storytold/craft-libs?rev=c5a1cbfb5f9049f9270955caffb5bee5997aebf7#c5a1cbfb5f9049f9270955caffb5bee5997aebf7"
 dependencies = [
  "base64 0.22.1",
  "bumpalo",
@@ -6805,7 +6815,9 @@ dependencies = [
  "open",
  "pollster 1.0.1",
  "rfd",
+ "serde",
  "serde_json",
+ "tempfile",
  "windows",
  "winit",
  "winresource",
@@ -6815,6 +6827,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "wordcraft-engine",
  "wordcraft-fonts",
  "wordcraft-ui-egui",
+ "x11rb",
  "zbus",
 ]
 
@@ -6880,6 +6893,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "log",
  "proptest",
  "quick-xml 0.41.0",
+ "serde_json",
  "sha1 0.11.0",
  "sha2 0.11.1",
  "thiserror 2.0.21",
@@ -7084,6 +7098,7 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "wordcraft-web"
 version = "0.15.1"
 dependencies = [
+ "craft-web-host",
  "eframe",
  "egui",
  "js-sys",

Cargo.toml

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ wuff = "0.2.9"
 brotli-decompressor = "5"
 vello_cpu = "0.2"
 image = { version = "0.25", default-features = false, features = ["png", "jpeg", "webp", "gif", "bmp", "tiff"] }
-craft-pdf = { git = "https://github.com/storytold/craft-libs", rev = "92d392cff132eaf53e13afff77f38b5c11b73aa0", version = "=0.1.0", default-features = false, features = ["write"] }
+craft-pdf = { git = "https://github.com/storytold/craft-libs", rev = "c5a1cbfb5f9049f9270955caffb5bee5997aebf7", version = "=0.1.0", default-features = false, features = ["write"] }
 # craft-update: app-specific pretend versions apply to startup and manual checks.
 craft-update = { git = "https://github.com/storytold/craft-libs", version = "=0.1.0", rev = "c5a1cbfb5f9049f9270955caffb5bee5997aebf7", features = ["egui"] }
 quick-xml = "0.41"
@@ -92,6 +92,8 @@ zeroize = "1"
 # dependency of other crates.
 libc = "0.2"
 
+# time
+
 # ui
 egui = "0.37"
 egui_extras = { version = "0.37", default-features = false }
@@ -132,7 +134,7 @@ debug = 0
 
 # Required by craft-pdf: the backend rejects writers that failed during unwinding.
 [patch.crates-io]
-krilla = { git = "https://github.com/storytold/craft-libs", rev = "92d392cff132eaf53e13afff77f38b5c11b73aa0" }
+krilla = { git = "https://github.com/storytold/craft-libs", rev = "c5a1cbfb5f9049f9270955caffb5bee5997aebf7" }
 ecolor = { git = "https://github.com/storytold/egui.git", rev = "6d518fc799681571963842f95b55a6b68431b15a" }
 emath = { git = "https://github.com/storytold/egui.git", rev = "6d518fc799681571963842f95b55a6b68431b15a" }
 epaint = { git = "https://github.com/storytold/egui.git", rev = "6d518fc799681571963842f95b55a6b68431b15a" }

README.md

@@ -299,10 +299,21 @@ adapter. The log file records the choice (lines starting with
 RISC-V (riscv64): `wordcraft-<ver>-linux-riscv64.tar.gz`, a tarball cross-compiled for glibc 2.39+
 (Ubuntu 24.04, Debian 13 and newer).
 
+**Read Aloud** (Review › Read Aloud) speaks through a speech program installed on the system: it
+tries `espeak-ng`, then `espeak`, and when neither is installed it talks to Speech Dispatcher.
+The `.rpm` package recommends `espeak-ng`; the `.deb` recommends `espeak-ng` or
+`speech-dispatcher`, so the package manager installs one of the two by default. With the
+AppImage or the tarball, install one yourself if neither is there (`sudo apt install espeak-ng`,
+`sudo dnf install espeak-ng`, `sudo pacman -S espeak-ng`). The Flatpak doesn't speak yet: it has
+no audio access and doesn't include `espeak-ng`, `espeak` or Speech Dispatcher.
+
 **Wayland:** on a Wayland desktop the app runs through XWayland when it is available, because
 winit (the windowing library) supports dragging files into the window only on X11. To use the
 native Wayland backend instead (for example for sharper text with fractional scaling, at the cost
-of file drag-and-drop), start it with `WORDCRAFT_WAYLAND=1`:
+of file drag-and-drop), choose **File › Options › Advanced › Linux display server › Wayland**; it
+applies the next time WordCraft starts, and **X11 (XWayland)** or **Automatic** switches back. The
+`WORDCRAFT_WAYLAND` environment variable overrides the setting: `1` for native Wayland, `0` for
+XWayland:
 
 ```sh
 WORDCRAFT_WAYLAND=1 wordcraft

apps/wordcraft-cli/src/main.rs

@@ -68,10 +68,6 @@ Paper: documents created here, and HTML, Markdown and text files (which give no
 the system region's paper (A4, or Letter in the US and other Letter regions), read from
 LC_ALL / LC_PAPER / LANG or the platform. Set WORDCRAFT_REGION=en-US (or another tag) for the
 same output on every machine.
-
-OpenDocument (.odt, .ott, .fodt) files fill in what their standard leaves to the application in
-Microsoft Word's style (WORDCRAFT_ODF=word, the default) or LibreOffice's
-(WORDCRAFT_ODF=libreoffice); see docs/odf-interpretation.md.
 ";
 
 /// The subcommands, in `USAGE` order; `--help` or `-h` after any of them prints `USAGE` (#968).
@@ -90,18 +86,11 @@ fn missing_argument() -> Failure {
 /// ([`password_from`]). As in the app, a document opened with one is saved with it again, so
 /// `convert` does not quietly write a copy the password no longer protects.
 fn open(path: &Path, password: Option<&str>) -> Result<Session, String> {
-    open_in(path, password, odf_profile()?)
-}
-
-/// [`open`] with the OpenDocument style `odf`, which the session keeps: a later `file.open` or
-/// `file.new` in a `run` script reads files the same way.
-fn open_in(path: &Path, password: Option<&str>, odf: wordcraft_doc::odf_profile::OdfProfile) -> Result<Session, String> {
     // A file that gives no page size (HTML, Markdown, plain text) opens on the system region's
     // paper, as in the app: A4 in Italy, Letter in the US (#1381).
     let region = system_region();
-    let (doc, encrypted) = wordcraft_engine::io::open_path_in(path, password, &region, &odf)?;
+    let (doc, encrypted) = wordcraft_engine::io::open_path_in(path, password, &region)?;
     let mut s = session(doc);
-    s.prefs.odf = odf;
     s.path = Some(path.into());
     if encrypted {
         s.password = password.map(wordcraft_engine::io::Password::new);
@@ -183,24 +172,6 @@ fn session(doc: wordcraft_doc::Document) -> Session {
     s
 }
 
-/// How OpenDocument files fill in what their standard leaves open: `WORDCRAFT_ODF` names a preset
-/// (`word`, Microsoft Word's style and the default, or `libreoffice`; `wordcraft` is taken too).
-fn odf_profile() -> Result<wordcraft_doc::odf_profile::OdfProfile, String> {
-    odf_from(std::env::var("WORDCRAFT_ODF").ok())
-}
-
-/// [`odf_profile`] from `WORDCRAFT_ODF`'s value, if set.
-fn odf_from(var: Option<String>) -> Result<wordcraft_doc::odf_profile::OdfProfile, String> {
-    use wordcraft_doc::odf_profile::{OdfPreset, OdfProfile};
-    match var.filter(|v| !v.trim().is_empty()) {
-        None => Ok(OdfProfile::default()),
-        Some(v) => match OdfPreset::from_id(&v).filter(|p| *p != OdfPreset::Custom) {
-            Some(p) => Ok(OdfProfile::of(p)),
-            None => Err(format!("WORDCRAFT_ODF={v}: one of word, libreoffice")),
-        },
-    }
-}
-
 /// The system region, read as the app reads it (locale variables, else the platform's locale).
 fn system_region() -> wordcraft_engine::Region {
     wordcraft_engine::Region::from_locale_vars(|name| std::env::var(name).ok(), sys_locale::get_locale)
@@ -459,7 +430,12 @@ fn run<S: AsRef<OsStr>>(args: &[S]) -> Result<(), Failure> {
         "convert" => {
             validate_options("convert", &rest, CONVERT_OPTIONS)?;
             // `--format wordml2003` (or `flatopc`) picks the kind of `.xml` file; its value isn't a path.
-            let format = arg_value(&rest, "--format");
+            let format = match find_option_arg(&rest, "--format") {
+                OptionArg::Absent => None,
+                OptionArg::Duplicate => return Err("convert: duplicate --format option".into()),
+                OptionArg::MissingValue => return Err("convert: --format requires a value".into()),
+                OptionArg::Value(value) => Some(value),
+            };
             let paths = positionals(&rest, CONVERT_OPTIONS);
             let (i, o) = (paths.first().ok_or_else(missing_argument)?.to_string(), paths.get(1).ok_or_else(missing_argument)?.to_string());
             let markup = rest.iter().any(|a| a == "--markup");
@@ -533,8 +509,6 @@ fn run<S: AsRef<OsStr>>(args: &[S]) -> Result<(), Failure> {
                 // run starts with one open document.
                 (None, t) => {
                     let mut s = session(wordcraft_doc::Document::new());
-                    // The script's own `file.open`s read OpenDocument files in `WORDCRAFT_ODF`'s style.
-                    s.prefs.odf = odf_profile()?;
                     let first = s.document_id();
                     let params = t.map_or_else(|| json!({}), |t| json!({"template": t}));
                     s.run("file.new", &params).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;

apps/wordcraft-cli/src/tests.rs

@@ -75,6 +75,22 @@ fn unknown_options_are_rejected_before_file_access() {
     assert_eq!(run(&args(&["zotero", "refresh", "missing.docx", "--prot", "1"])), Err("zotero: unknown option --prot".into()));
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn convert_rejects_malformed_format_options_before_file_access() {
+    for (options, error) in [
+        (vec!["--format"], "convert: --format requires a value"),
+        (vec!["--format", "--markup"], "convert: --format requires a value"),
+        (vec!["--format", "flatopc", "--format", "wordml2003"], "convert: duplicate --format option"),
+    ] {
+        let mut argv = args(&["convert", "missing.docx", "out.xml"]);
+        argv.extend(args(&options));
+        assert_eq!(run(&argv), Err(error.into()), "{options:?}");
+    }
+    // A valid single value reaches file access, rather than a format-option error.
+    let error = run(&args(&["convert", "missing.docx", "out.xml", "--format", "flatopc"])).unwrap_err().to_string();
+    assert!(error.starts_with("missing.docx:"), "{error}");
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn help_or_h_after_a_subcommand_asks_for_the_usage() {
     for cmd in SUBCOMMANDS {
@@ -543,21 +559,3 @@ fn script_parse_resolves_paths_against_the_base() {
     assert_eq!(s.save, vec!["o.docx".to_string()]);
     assert_eq!(s.commands.len(), 1);
 }
-
-/// `WORDCRAFT_ODF` names a display style, and a session opened in one keeps it, so a `run`
-/// script's later `file.open` reads OpenDocument files the same way.
-#[test]
-fn the_odf_style_is_kept_by_the_session() {
-    use wordcraft_doc::odf_profile::OdfProfile;
-    assert_eq!(odf_from(None), Ok(OdfProfile::default()));
-    assert_eq!(odf_from(Some("libreoffice".into())), Ok(OdfProfile::libreoffice()));
-    assert_eq!(odf_from(Some("word".into())), Ok(OdfProfile::word()));
-    assert!(odf_from(Some("custom".into())).is_err());
-    let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("wc-cli-odf-{}", std::process::id()));
-    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).unwrap();
-    let path = dir.join("a.txt");
-    std::fs::write(&path, "Hello").unwrap();
-    let s = open_in(&path, None, OdfProfile::libreoffice()).unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(s.prefs.odf, OdfProfile::libreoffice());
-    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
-}

apps/wordcraft-web/Cargo.toml

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ path = "src/main.rs"
 [dependencies]
 wordcraft-engine = { workspace = true }
 wordcraft-ui-egui = { workspace = true }
+# The host messages (storytold/craft-libs): one contract and one bridge for the web builds.
+craft-web-host = { git = "https://github.com/storytold/craft-libs", rev = "2e2312ddaf21bc3d85cd3395d0955c7d239306f6", version = "0.1.0" }
 egui = { workspace = true }
 log = { workspace = true }
 serde_json = { workspace = true }
@@ -29,4 +31,4 @@ rfd = { workspace = true }
 wasm-bindgen = "0.2"
 wasm-bindgen-futures = "0.4"
 js-sys = "0.3"
-web-sys = { version = "0.3", features = ["Window", "Document", "Element", "HtmlElement", "HtmlCanvasElement", "HtmlAnchorElement", "HtmlIFrameElement", "Blob", "BlobPropertyBag", "Url", "Location", "CssStyleDeclaration", "Event", "EventTarget", "BeforeUnloadEvent", "ClipboardEvent", "DataTransfer", "FileList", "File", "DomStringList", "IdbFactory", "IdbOpenDbRequest", "IdbRequest", "IdbDatabase", "IdbObjectStore", "IdbTransaction", "IdbTransactionMode", "MediaQueryList", "Storage", "MessageEvent", "UrlSearchParams"] }
+web-sys = { version = "0.3", features = ["Window", "Document", "Element", "HtmlElement", "HtmlCanvasElement", "HtmlAnchorElement", "HtmlIFrameElement", "Blob", "BlobPropertyBag", "Url", "Location", "CssStyleDeclaration", "Event", "EventTarget", "BeforeUnloadEvent", "ClipboardEvent", "DataTransfer", "FileList", "File", "DomStringList", "IdbFactory", "IdbOpenDbRequest", "IdbRequest", "IdbDatabase", "IdbObjectStore", "IdbTransaction", "IdbTransactionMode", "MediaQueryList", "Storage", "MessageEvent", "UrlSearchParams", "CustomEvent", "CustomEventInit"] }

apps/wordcraft-web/src/host.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,20 @@
-//! The `postMessage` bridge to a same-origin parent page (`?host=parent`), for pages that embed
-//! WordCraft in an `<iframe>` and keep its files (a Nextcloud app, a personal file server). The
-//! same messages as GridCraft's and PdfCraft's bridges; each is a plain object with a `type`:
+//! Host modes: a page that runs WordCraft (as an `<iframe>`, or in its own document) opens
+//! documents in it and stores what it saves instead of the browser downloading. The messages and
+//! the two transports are `craft-web-host`'s (storytold/craft-libs), the same contract as the
+//! other Craft apps' bridges, with the `wordcraft:` prefix. This module is WordCraft's part of it.
 //!
-//! - `wordcraft:ready` (to the parent): `{ version }`, sent once the app is running and
-//!   listening; send a file now.
-//! - `wordcraft:open` (from the parent): `{ name, bytes }`, bytes an `ArrayBuffer` or
-//!   `Uint8Array`. It opens like a document picked with File › Open or dropped on the window.
-//! - `wordcraft:save` (to the parent): `{ name, saveAs, bytes }` (a transferred `ArrayBuffer`) for
-//!   every file WordCraft would otherwise download. The parent stores it and reports failures
-//!   itself. `saveAs` says whether the file becomes the document's file:
+//! - `?host=parent` (an `<iframe>`, such as a Nextcloud app) talks to the same-origin parent over
+//!   `postMessage`; `data-host="page"` on the canvas (the page's own document, no iframe) uses
+//!   DOM `CustomEvent`s on the canvas instead. `?host=parent` wins when both are present. With no
+//!   parent, or a parent on another origin, there is no bridge: the normal app with downloads.
+//! - `wordcraft:ready` once the app is running and listening; send a file now. WordCraft reads
+//!   bytes, so it says `file: false` and a host sends `bytes`.
+//! - `wordcraft:open` (from the host): `{ name, bytes }`. It opens like a document picked with
+//!   File › Open or dropped on the window; a file over [`MAX_OPEN_BYTES`] is refused before it is
+//!   copied.
+//! - `wordcraft:save` (to the host): `{ name, saveAs, bytes }` for every file WordCraft would
+//!   otherwise download. The host stores it and reports failures itself. `saveAs` says whether
+//!   the file becomes the document's file:
 //!   - Save: `false`. It writes the opened file under its own name and format, as the desktop
 //!     app does. A name the parent never sent (an untitled document, an imported .doc saved as
 //!     .docx) is a new file: `true`, as for Save As.
@@ -17,70 +23,57 @@
 //!     is now that file; the next Save sends its name with `false`.
 //!   - Save As or Export to a format that doesn't (PDF, Markdown, plain text), Export as PDF and
 //!     Export Page as PNG: `false`. They are copies; the document's file stays the same.
-//! - `wordcraft:dirty` (to the parent): `{ dirty }` whenever unsaved changes appear or go away.
-//! - `wordcraft:failed` (to the parent): `{ error }` when the app couldn't start.
+//! - `wordcraft:dirty` whenever unsaved changes appear or go away, `wordcraft:failed` when the
+//!   app couldn't start.
 //!
-//! Only the parent window on the page's own origin is heard or answered. In host mode the parent
-//! guards leaving the page, and `?author=` names the user for comments and tracked changes.
+//! In both host modes the host sends the document to edit, so no sample opens, saves are handed
+//! to the host rather than downloaded, the host guards leaving the page, and `?author=` names the
+//! user for comments and tracked changes.
 
-use std::cell::Cell;
 use std::rc::Rc;
 
-use wasm_bindgen::JsCast as _;
-use wasm_bindgen::JsValue;
-use wasm_bindgen::closure::Closure;
+use craft_web_host::web::{FileData, Host, Message};
 use wordcraft_ui_egui::{Inbox, Services, WordApp};
 
+/// The app id in the host messages (`wordcraft:ready`).
+const APP: &str = "wordcraft";
+
+/// The name a document gets when the host sent none (the crate says `document` for a blank name).
+const DEFAULT_NAME: &str = "Document.docx";
+
+/// The largest document taken from the host page, refused before it is copied.
+const MAX_OPEN_BYTES: u64 = 512 << 20;
+
 /// The longest user name taken from `?author=`.
 const MAX_AUTHOR_CHARS: usize = 200;
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct Bridge {
-    window: web_sys::Window,
-    parent: web_sys::Window,
-    origin: String,
+    host: Rc<Host>,
 }
 
 impl Bridge {
-    /// `None` when the page isn't framed (there is no parent to talk to), or when the parent is
-    /// on another origin: messages only go to this origin, so the browser would drop every save
-    /// without an error while the document showed as saved.
-    pub fn new() -> Option<Self> {
-        let window = web_sys::window()?;
-        let parent = window.parent().ok().flatten()?;
-        if js_sys::Object::is(&parent, &window) {
-            return None;
-        }
-        let origin = window.location().origin().ok()?;
-        // An opaque origin (a `file://` page in some browsers) can't be a `postMessage` target.
-        if origin == "null" {
-            return None;
-        }
-        // Reading another origin's location throws, which is `None` too.
-        if parent.location().origin().ok()? != origin {
-            return None;
-        }
-        Some(Self { window, parent, origin })
+    /// The bridge for this page, or `None` when WordCraft isn't hosted: no `?host=parent` and no
+    /// `data-host="page"` on the canvas, an unframed `?host=parent` page (it stays the normal app
+    /// with downloads), or a parent on another origin.
+    pub fn detect(canvas: &web_sys::HtmlCanvasElement) -> Option<Self> {
+        Some(Self { host: Rc::new(Host::connect(APP, canvas)?) })
     }
 
-    /// Hand saved and exported files to the parent instead of downloading them, report unsaved
+    /// Hand saved and exported files to the host instead of downloading them, report unsaved
     /// changes to it, and hear the files it sends.
     pub fn connect(&self, services: &mut Services, inbox: Inbox, ctx: egui::Context) {
         self.listen(inbox, ctx);
         let bridge = self.clone();
         services.host_save = Some(Box::new(move |name: &str, bytes: &[u8], save_as: bool| bridge.post_save(name, bytes, save_as)));
-        // Anything else that would download goes to the parent too.
+        // Anything else that would download goes to the host too.
         let bridge = self.clone();
         services.download = Some(Box::new(move |name: &str, bytes: &[u8]| bridge.post_save(name, bytes, false)));
         // The browser's save picker is never used, so no save finishes later.
         services.async_saves = None;
-        let bridge = self.clone();
-        let reported: Rc<Cell<Option<bool>>> = Rc::default();
-        services.on_dirty = Some(Box::new(move |dirty: bool| {
-            if reported.get() != Some(dirty) && bridge.send(&[("type", "wordcraft:dirty".into()), ("dirty", dirty.into())]) {
-                reported.set(Some(dirty));
-            }
-        }));
+        // The crate does not repeat a state it already reported.
+        let host = self.host.clone();
+        services.on_dirty = Some(Box::new(move |dirty: bool| host.post_dirty(dirty)));
     }
 
     /// `?author=`: the host's name for the user signs comments and tracked changes.
@@ -92,78 +85,43 @@ impl Bridge {
     }
 
     pub fn post_ready(&self) {
-        self.send(&[("type", "wordcraft:ready".into()), ("version", env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION").into())]);
+        let _ = self.host.post_ready(env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION"), false);
     }
 
-    /// The app couldn't start (no WebGPU or WebGL2, for example): let the parent say so.
+    /// The app couldn't start (no WebGPU or WebGL2, for example): let the host say so.
     pub fn post_failed(&self, error: &str) {
-        self.send(&[("type", "wordcraft:failed".into()), ("error", error.into())]);
+        let _ = self.host.post_failed(error, None);
     }
 
     fn post_save(&self, path: &str, bytes: &[u8], save_as: bool) -> Result<(), String> {
         let name = std::path::Path::new(path).file_name().map(|n| n.to_string_lossy().to_string()).unwrap_or_else(|| path.to_string());
-        let buffer = js_sys::Uint8Array::from(bytes).buffer();
-        let message = message(&[
-            ("type", "wordcraft:save".into()),
-            ("name", name.as_str().into()),
-            ("saveAs", save_as.into()),
-            ("bytes", buffer.clone().into()),
-        ])
-        .ok_or_else(|| "couldn't build the message".to_string())?;
-        self.parent
-            .post_message_with_transfer(&message, &self.origin, &js_sys::Array::of1(&buffer))
-            .map_err(|e| e.as_string().unwrap_or_else(|| format!("{e:?}")))
+        self.host.post_save(&name, bytes, None, save_as)
     }
 
-    /// Hear `wordcraft:open` from the parent and queue the file like a dropped one.
+    /// Hear `wordcraft:open` and queue the file like a dropped one.
     fn listen(&self, inbox: Inbox, ctx: egui::Context) {
-        let parent = self.parent.clone();
-        let origin = self.origin.clone();
-        let on_message = Closure::<dyn FnMut(web_sys::MessageEvent)>::new(move |event: web_sys::MessageEvent| {
-            if event.origin() != origin || !event.source().is_some_and(|s| js_sys::Object::is(&s, &parent)) {
-                return;
+        self.host.listen(move |message| {
+            if let Message::Open { name, data } = message {
+                deliver_open(&inbox, &ctx, &name, &data);
             }
-            let data = event.data();
-            if string(&data, "type").as_deref() != Some("wordcraft:open") {
-                return;
-            }
-            let name = string(&data, "name").filter(|n| !n.trim().is_empty()).unwrap_or_else(|| "Document.docx".to_string());
-            let Some(bytes) = bytes(&data) else { return };
-            inbox.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).push((name, bytes));
-            ctx.request_repaint();
         });
-        if self.window.add_event_listener_with_callback("message", on_message.as_ref().unchecked_ref()).is_ok() {
-            // The listener lives as long as the page.
-            on_message.forget();
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Post a message to the parent; false if it couldn't be sent.
-    fn send(&self, fields: &[(&str, JsValue)]) -> bool {
-        message(fields).is_some_and(|m| self.parent.post_message(&m, &self.origin).is_ok())
     }
 }
 
-fn message(fields: &[(&str, JsValue)]) -> Option<js_sys::Object> {
-    let m = js_sys::Object::new();
-    for (key, value) in fields {
-        js_sys::Reflect::set(&m, &JsValue::from_str(key), value).ok()?;
-    }
-    Some(m)
-}
-
-fn string(data: &JsValue, key: &str) -> Option<String> {
-    js_sys::Reflect::get(data, &JsValue::from_str(key)).ok()?.as_string()
-}
-
-/// `bytes` as an `ArrayBuffer` or `Uint8Array`.
-fn bytes(data: &JsValue) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
-    let bytes = js_sys::Reflect::get(data, &JsValue::from_str("bytes")).ok()?;
-    if let Some(array) = bytes.dyn_ref::<js_sys::Uint8Array>() {
-        Some(array.to_vec())
-    } else if bytes.is_instance_of::<js_sys::ArrayBuffer>() {
-        Some(js_sys::Uint8Array::new(&bytes).to_vec())
-    } else {
-        None
+/// The file an open message carries, pushed onto the inbox for the next frame, like a dropped
+/// file. A host's file is untrusted input: an oversized one is refused before it is copied into
+/// the app's memory (the data's own length, not the host's claim). The crate has cleaned the name
+/// (and cut it to 255 characters); a blank one comes as `document` and becomes `Document.docx`.
+fn deliver_open(inbox: &Inbox, ctx: &egui::Context, name: &str, data: &FileData) {
+    let name = if name == "document" { DEFAULT_NAME } else { name }.to_string();
+    let FileData::Bytes(array) = data else {
+        log::warn!("host file {name} came as a File; WordCraft reads bytes only; not opened");
+        return;
+    };
+    if data.size() > MAX_OPEN_BYTES as f64 {
+        log::warn!("host file is {} bytes, over the {} MiB host open limit; not opened", data.size(), MAX_OPEN_BYTES >> 20);
+        return;
     }
+    inbox.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).push((name, array.to_vec()));
+    ctx.request_repaint();
 }

apps/wordcraft-web/src/main.rs

@@ -9,8 +9,10 @@
 //! Preferences (theme, interface size, editing options…) are kept in `localStorage` (`prefs`).
 //! URL flags: `?webgl` forces WebGL2; `?sample` opens the sample document.
 //! `?host=parent` (inside an `<iframe>`) talks to a same-origin parent page instead: it sends the
-//! document to open and stores what WordCraft saves (`host`), and `&author=` names the user for
-//! comments and tracked changes.
+//! document to open and stores what WordCraft saves (`host`). A page can also host WordCraft in
+//! its own document (no iframe) with `data-host="page"` on the canvas, talking over DOM
+//! `CustomEvent`s on the canvas. `&author=` names the user for comments and tracked changes in
+//! either host mode.
 #![deny(clippy::unwrap_used, clippy::expect_used, clippy::panic, clippy::unimplemented, clippy::todo, clippy::unreachable)]
 
 #[cfg(any(target_arch = "wasm32", test))]

apps/wordcraft-web/src/web.rs

@@ -28,9 +28,12 @@ pub fn start() {
             log::error!("missing <canvas id=\"{CANVAS_ID}\">");
             return;
         };
-        // `?host=parent`: a same-origin page framing WordCraft opens documents in it and stores
-        // what it saves (`host`). That page guards leaving it, so this one doesn't.
-        let bridge = if query_param("host").as_deref() == Some("parent") { crate::host::Bridge::new() } else { None };
+        // Host modes (`craft-web-host`): `?host=parent`, a same-origin page framing WordCraft, opens documents in
+        // it and stores what it saves (`host`); unframed there is no parent, so that URL on its
+        // own stays the normal app with downloads. `data-host="page"` on the canvas opts a page
+        // in instead: it runs WordCraft in its own document and talks over DOM `CustomEvent`s
+        // on the canvas (`host`). The host guards leaving the page, so this one doesn't.
+        let bridge = crate::host::Bridge::detect(&canvas);
         let app_bridge = bridge.clone();
         let dirty = Rc::new(Cell::new(false));
         let saves = AsyncSaves::default();

apps/wordcraft/Cargo.toml

@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ wordcraft-control-key = { workspace = true }
 eframe = { workspace = true, features = ["default_fonts", "wgpu", "accesskit", "clipboard", "wayland", "x11", "links"] }
 egui = { workspace = true }
 serde_json = { workspace = true }
+serde = { workspace = true }
+tempfile = "3"
 log = { workspace = true }
 chrono = { workspace = true }
 
@@ -38,13 +40,14 @@ fmv-macos-events = "=0.1.0"
 # The system's Reduce motion setting (System Settings › Accessibility › Display), read through
 # NSWorkspace: a safe call in these bindings. Already in the build through eframe, rfd and arboard,
 # at this version; this adds the `NSAccessibility` bindings and, to fit the title bar around the
-# traffic lights, the window, button and view ones.
+# traffic lights, the window, button and view ones; and `NSPasteboard` for the clipboard's RTF.
 objc2-app-kit = { version = "0.3", default-features = false, features = ["std", "NSWorkspace", "NSAccessibility", "NSApplication", "NSWindow", "NSButton", "NSControl", "NSView", "NSResponder", "NSPasteboard"] }
 objc2 = "0.6"
 # A copied equation's MathML goes on the pasteboard as `public.mathml.presentation` beside
 # arboard's HTML and text (#1297), through NSPasteboard's safe `setString:forType:`. Already in
-# the build through arboard, at this version; this adds only the NSString bindings.
-objc2-foundation = { version = "0.3", default-features = false, features = ["std", "NSString"] }
+# the build through arboard, at this version; this adds only the NSString bindings, and NSData
+# for the clipboard's RTF (`public.rtf`).
+objc2-foundation = { version = "0.3", default-features = false, features = ["std", "NSString", "NSData"] }
 # Closing the window must quit through NSApplication rather than by dropping the NSWindow
 # inside the AppKit run loop (see `schedule_macos_terminate`).
 dispatch2 = "0.3"
@@ -58,6 +61,9 @@ zbus = { version = "5", default-features = false, features = ["async-io", "block
 # types that arboard doesn't read, and the formats offered. Already in the build through arboard's
 # `wayland-data-control` feature, at this version.
 wl-clipboard-rs = "0.9"
+# Another program's RTF on X11 (`text/rtf`), which arboard doesn't read. Already in the build
+# through arboard, at this version.
+x11rb = "0.13"
 
 [target.'cfg(target_os = "windows")'.dependencies]
 # The upstream default-apps button opens Windows Settings; printing uses craft-print instead.
@@ -73,7 +79,9 @@ windows = { version = "0.62", features = ["UI_ViewManagement", "System_UserProfi
 clipboard-win = { version = "5.4", features = ["std"] }
 
 [target.'cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))'.dependencies]
-craft-print = { git = "https://github.com/storytold/craft-libs", rev = "92d392cff132eaf53e13afff77f38b5c11b73aa0" }
+# Pinned apart from craft-ui, which doesn't depend on it: `printer_queues`, the printer list that
+# asks no driver (#5710, storytold/craft-libs#618), and `submit_cancellable` (storytold/craft-libs#622).
+craft-print = { git = "https://github.com/storytold/craft-libs", rev = "a3e0b5a9440d18f19422a9dca13516747b7d3181" }
 rfd = { workspace = true }
 # Waits for an `rfd::AsyncFileDialog` on a background thread (the dialogs don't block the UI, #94);
 # rfd itself already depends on it.

apps/wordcraft/src/clipboard.rs

@@ -18,6 +18,11 @@
 //! they paste math (learn.microsoft.com/office/math/mathml, "Clipboard support"). Pasting into
 //! Word and LibreOffice is not yet verified. Linux and the BSDs have no Word, and arboard can't
 //! add MIME types of other names, so there the HTML carries the MathML alone.
+//!
+//! RTF goes beside them where we can add it: Windows ("Rich Text Format") and macOS
+//! (`public.rtf`) after arboard's HTML, Wayland (`text/rtf`) in one offer with the text and HTML.
+//! On X11 arboard owns the selection and serves only its own targets, so a copy there carries text
+//! and HTML only; reading another program's RTF works on all four.
 
 use wordcraft_engine::cmd::paste::MAX_PASTE_BYTES;
 use wordcraft_ui_egui::paste_picture::ClipboardPicture;
@@ -31,17 +36,24 @@ thread_local! {
     static WRITER: std::cell::RefCell<Option<arboard::Clipboard>> = const { std::cell::RefCell::new(None) };
 }
 
-/// Put `html` on the clipboard with `text` as its plain-text alternative, and `mathml` (a copy of
-/// one equation alone; empty for any other copy) in the platform's MathML formats. `false` when
-/// the HTML and text couldn't be set (the caller copies the text alone), including a Wayland
-/// session without the data-control protocol, where arboard would fall back to X11 and native
-/// Wayland programs might not see it. MathML that can't be added is logged: the HTML still
-/// carries it.
-pub fn set_html(html: &str, text: &str, mathml: &str) -> bool {
+/// Put a copy on the clipboard: `text`, with `html` and `rtf` beside it where the platform takes
+/// them (an empty one isn't offered), and `mathml` (a copy of one equation alone; empty for any
+/// other copy) in the platform's MathML formats. `false` when the text and HTML couldn't be set
+/// (the caller copies the text alone), including a Wayland session without the data-control
+/// protocol, where arboard would fall back to X11 and native Wayland programs might not see it.
+/// RTF or MathML that can't be added is logged: the HTML still carries the copy.
+pub fn set_rich(text: &str, html: &str, rtf: &str, mathml: &str) -> bool {
+    // Wayland: one offer with the text, HTML and RTF (no MathML formats there; see above).
+    if platform::set_rich(text, html, rtf) {
+        return true;
+    }
     if !platform::can_set() {
         return false;
     }
     let set = set_html_text(html, text);
+    if set && !rtf.is_empty() {
+        platform::add_rtf(rtf);
+    }
     if set && !mathml.is_empty() && mathml.len() <= MAX_PASTE_BYTES {
         platform::add_mathml(mathml);
     }
@@ -54,7 +66,8 @@ fn set_html_text(html: &str, text: &str) -> bool {
         if slot.is_none() {
             *slot = open();
         }
-        match slot.as_mut().map(|c| c.set().html(html, Some(text))) {
+        let set = slot.as_mut().map(|c| if html.is_empty() { c.set_text(text) } else { c.set().html(html, Some(text)) });
+        match set {
             Some(Ok(())) => true,
             Some(Err(e)) => {
                 log::warn!("clipboard: {e}");
@@ -76,8 +89,8 @@ pub fn html() -> Option<String> {
     open()?.get().html().ok().filter(|h| h.len() <= MAX_PASTE_BYTES)
 }
 
-/// The clipboard's RTF: Windows ("Rich Text Format") and Wayland (`text/rtf`); not offered by
-/// arboard, so read here.
+/// The clipboard's RTF: Windows ("Rich Text Format"), macOS (`public.rtf`), Wayland and X11
+/// (`text/rtf`); not offered by arboard, so read here.
 pub fn rtf() -> Option<String> {
     let bytes = platform::rtf()?;
     if bytes.len() > MAX_PASTE_BYTES {
@@ -176,15 +189,51 @@ mod platform {
             )
     }
 
+    /// Put the copy on a Wayland clipboard in one offer: the text (with the usual plain-text
+    /// aliases), HTML and RTF, served from a background thread until something else is copied.
+    /// `false` outside Wayland (X11 goes through arboard) or without the data-control protocol.
+    pub fn set_rich(text: &str, html: &str, rtf: &str) -> bool {
+        use wl_clipboard_rs::copy::{MimeSource, MimeType, Options, Source};
+
+        if !wayland() {
+            return false;
+        }
+        let offer = |mime: &str, data: &str| MimeSource { source: Source::Bytes(data.as_bytes().into()), mime_type: MimeType::Specific(mime.into()) };
+        // The text first: the plain-text aliases serve the first text type offered.
+        let mut sources = vec![offer("text/plain;charset=utf-8", text)];
+        for (mime, data) in [("text/html", html), ("text/rtf", rtf)] {
+            if !data.is_empty() {
+                sources.push(offer(mime, data));
+            }
+        }
+        match Options::new().copy_multi(sources) {
+            Ok(()) => true,
+            Err(e) => {
+                log::warn!("clipboard: {e}");
+                false
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Wayland copies carry their RTF already; X11 ones can't (see the module docs).
+    pub fn add_rtf(_rtf: &str) {}
+
+    /// RTF types a clipboard may offer, best first.
+    const RTF_MIMES: [&str; 3] = ["text/rtf", "application/rtf", "text/richtext"];
+
+    /// The RTF type to ask for among those `offered`.
+    fn rtf_target(offered: &[String]) -> Option<&'static str> {
+        RTF_MIMES.into_iter().find(|m| offered.iter().any(|o| o == m))
+    }
+
     /// arboard serves its own MIME types only; Word, which reads the MathML formats, isn't here.
     pub fn add_mathml(_mathml: &str) {}
 
     pub fn rtf() -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
         if !wayland() {
-            return None;
+            return std::env::var_os("DISPLAY").is_some().then(|| x11::rtf(super::MAX_PASTE_BYTES)).flatten();
         }
-        let offered = formats();
-        let mime = ["text/rtf", "application/rtf", "text/richtext"].into_iter().find(|m| offered.iter().any(|o| o == m))?;
+        let mime = rtf_target(&formats())?;
         read(mime, super::MAX_PASTE_BYTES as u64)
     }
 
@@ -196,6 +245,125 @@ mod platform {
         let mime = super::PICTURE_MIMES.into_iter().find(|m| offered.iter().any(|o| o == m))?;
         read(mime, wordcraft_ui_egui::paste_picture::MAX_FILE_BYTES)
     }
+
+    /// Whether a property read of `len` bytes, with `bytes_after` left unread, is the whole value
+    /// and at most `cap` bytes.
+    fn complete(len: usize, bytes_after: u32, cap: usize) -> bool {
+        bytes_after == 0 && len <= cap
+    }
+
+    /// Reading another program's RTF on X11, which arboard doesn't offer: ask the CLIPBOARD
+    /// selection's owner for its targets, then for its RTF, into a property of a hidden window.
+    mod x11 {
+        use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
+
+        use x11rb::connection::Connection;
+        use x11rb::protocol::Event;
+        use x11rb::protocol::xproto::{Atom, AtomEnum, ConnectionExt as _, CreateWindowAux, GetPropertyReply, Window, WindowClass};
+        use x11rb::rust_connection::RustConnection;
+
+        /// How long a paste waits for the selection's owner, in all.
+        const TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(1);
+        /// Most targets looked at.
+        const MAX_TARGETS: usize = 128;
+
+        struct Reader {
+            conn: RustConnection,
+            win: Window,
+            clipboard: Atom,
+            prop: Atom,
+            deadline: Instant,
+        }
+
+        fn atom(conn: &RustConnection, name: &str) -> Option<Atom> {
+            conn.intern_atom(false, name.as_bytes()).ok()?.reply().ok().map(|r| r.atom)
+        }
+
+        impl Reader {
+            fn new() -> Option<Self> {
+                let (conn, screen) = x11rb::connect(None).ok()?;
+                let root = conn.setup().roots.get(screen)?.root;
+                let win = conn.generate_id().ok()?;
+                conn.create_window(0, win, root, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, WindowClass::INPUT_ONLY, x11rb::COPY_FROM_PARENT, &CreateWindowAux::new()).ok()?;
+                let clipboard = atom(&conn, "CLIPBOARD")?;
+                let prop = atom(&conn, "WORDCRAFT_PASTE")?;
+                Some(Self { conn, win, clipboard, prop, deadline: Instant::now() + TIMEOUT })
+            }
+
+            /// The selection converted to `target`, at most `cap` bytes; `None` when the owner
+            /// refuses or doesn't answer in time. A longer value is `None` when `whole`, else
+            /// its first `cap` bytes.
+            fn convert(&self, target: Atom, cap: usize, whole: bool) -> Option<GetPropertyReply> {
+                self.conn.convert_selection(self.win, self.clipboard, target, self.prop, x11rb::CURRENT_TIME).ok()?;
+                self.conn.flush().ok()?;
+                loop {
+                    // Checked every time round, so a stream of other events can't keep us here.
+                    if Instant::now() >= self.deadline {
+                        return None;
+                    }
+                    match self.conn.poll_for_event().ok()? {
+                        Some(Event::SelectionNotify(e)) if e.requestor == self.win => {
+                            if e.property == x11rb::NONE {
+                                return None;
+                            }
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        Some(_) => {}
+                        None => std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(5)),
+                    }
+                }
+                // In 32-bit units; for a whole value one more than the cap, so a larger one shows
+                // as `bytes_after`.
+                let units = u32::try_from(cap / 4 + usize::from(whole)).unwrap_or(u32::MAX);
+                let r = self.conn.get_property(true, self.win, self.prop, AtomEnum::ANY, 0, units).ok()?.reply().ok()?;
+                (!whole || super::complete(r.value.len(), r.bytes_after, cap)).then_some(r)
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl Drop for Reader {
+            fn drop(&mut self) {
+                let _ = self.conn.destroy_window(self.win);
+                let _ = self.conn.flush();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// The CLIPBOARD selection's RTF, at most `cap` bytes. Copies too large to send at once
+        /// arrive in pieces (INCR), which aren't read: `None` then.
+        pub fn rtf(cap: usize) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
+            let r = Reader::new()?;
+            // The first targets only: a longer list is cut short, not refused.
+            let targets = r.convert(atom(&r.conn, "TARGETS")?, MAX_TARGETS.saturating_mul(4), false)?;
+            let cookies: Vec<_> = targets.value32()?.take(MAX_TARGETS).filter_map(|a| r.conn.get_atom_name(a).ok()).collect();
+            let names: Vec<String> =
+                cookies.into_iter().filter_map(|c| c.reply().ok()).map(|n| String::from_utf8_lossy(&n.name).into_owned()).collect();
+            let target = atom(&r.conn, super::rtf_target(&names)?)?;
+            let incr = atom(&r.conn, "INCR")?;
+            let reply = r.convert(target, cap, true)?;
+            (reply.type_ != incr).then_some(reply.value)
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    mod tests {
+        use super::*;
+
+        #[test]
+        fn rtf_target_prefers_text_rtf() {
+            let names = |n: &[&str]| n.iter().map(|s| s.to_string()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+            assert_eq!(rtf_target(&names(&["TARGETS", "text/richtext", "application/rtf", "text/rtf"])), Some("text/rtf"));
+            assert_eq!(rtf_target(&names(&["text/richtext", "UTF8_STRING"])), Some("text/richtext"));
+            assert_eq!(rtf_target(&names(&["text/html", "text/rtf;charset=x"])), None);
+            assert_eq!(rtf_target(&[]), None);
+        }
+
+        #[test]
+        fn property_reads_must_be_whole_and_capped() {
+            assert!(complete(10, 0, 10));
+            assert!(!complete(11, 0, 10), "over the cap");
+            assert!(!complete(8, 4, 10), "more left to read");
+            assert!(complete(0, 0, 0));
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
@@ -251,6 +419,23 @@ mod platform {
         true
     }
 
+    /// arboard sets the text and HTML.
+    pub fn set_rich(_text: &str, _html: &str, _rtf: &str) -> bool {
+        false
+    }
+
+    /// Add "Rich Text Format" to what arboard just set, NUL-terminated as is usual.
+    pub fn add_rtf(rtf: &str) {
+        let Some(format) = raw::register_format("Rich Text Format") else { return };
+        let Ok(_open) = Clipboard::new_attempts(10) else { return };
+        let mut bytes = Vec::with_capacity(rtf.len().saturating_add(1));
+        bytes.extend_from_slice(rtf.as_bytes());
+        bytes.push(0);
+        if let Err(e) = raw::set_without_clear(format.get(), &bytes) {
+            log::warn!("clipboard RTF: {e}");
+        }
+    }
+
     /// Add the MathML to what arboard just set, as "MathML" and "MathML Presentation": UTF-16LE
     /// text (with its terminating NUL, as Windows text formats have).
     pub fn add_mathml(mathml: &str) {
@@ -276,14 +461,18 @@ const MATHML_FORMATS: [&str; 2] = ["MathML", "MathML Presentation"];
 #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
 mod platform {
     use objc2_app_kit::NSPasteboard;
-    use objc2_foundation::NSString;
+    use objc2_foundation::{NSData, NSString};
+
+    /// RTF's pasteboard type (`NSPasteboardTypeRTF`, whose extern static needs unsafe to read).
+    const RTF: &str = "public.rtf";
 
     pub fn formats() -> Vec<String> {
         Vec::new()
     }
 
     pub fn rtf() -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
-        None
+        let data = NSPasteboard::generalPasteboard().dataForType(&NSString::from_str(RTF))?;
+        (data.len() <= super::MAX_PASTE_BYTES).then(|| data.to_vec())
     }
 
     pub fn encoded_picture() -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
@@ -294,6 +483,18 @@ mod platform {
         true
     }
 
+    /// arboard sets the text and HTML.
+    pub fn set_rich(_text: &str, _html: &str, _rtf: &str) -> bool {
+        false
+    }
+
+    /// Add RTF to the pasteboard item arboard just wrote (it cleared the pasteboard first).
+    pub fn add_rtf(rtf: &str) {
+        if !NSPasteboard::generalPasteboard().setData_forType(Some(&NSData::with_bytes(rtf.as_bytes())), &NSString::from_str(RTF)) {
+            log::warn!("clipboard: the RTF couldn't be added");
+        }
+    }
+
     /// Add the MathML to the pasteboard item arboard just wrote, as the MathML types (W3C MathML 3
     /// §6.2.4): presentation markup, and the generic type for readers that only know that one.
     pub fn add_mathml(mathml: &str) {
@@ -329,5 +530,11 @@ mod platform {
         true
     }
 
+    pub fn set_rich(_text: &str, _html: &str, _rtf: &str) -> bool {
+        false
+    }
+
+    pub fn add_rtf(_rtf: &str) {}
+
     pub fn add_mathml(_mathml: &str) {}
 }

apps/wordcraft/src/graphics.rs

@@ -15,9 +15,25 @@ use eframe::{
 /// compiler aborts on them, the device is lost and eframe exits before the window opens. WordCraft
 /// issues no indirect draws or dispatches, so Intel Macs skip them; every other GPU keeps wgpu's
 /// default. Same fix as PhotoCraft's storytold/PhotoCraft#3171.
+///
+/// `x86_64` is the build's architecture. An x86_64 build also runs on Apple silicon under Rosetta
+/// (#5199), so it skips only when the machine itself isn't Apple silicon.
 #[cfg_attr(not(target_os = "macos"), allow(dead_code))]
-pub fn skips_indirect_validation(macos: bool, intel: bool) -> bool {
-    macos && intel
+pub fn skips_indirect_validation(macos: bool, x86_64: bool) -> bool {
+    // Short-circuits: only x86_64 macOS builds ask the system.
+    macos && x86_64 && !runs_on_apple_silicon()
+}
+
+/// Whether the machine is Apple silicon, also when this process is translated by Rosetta:
+/// `hw.optional.arm64` describes the hardware, not the process. Assumes not (an Intel Mac) when
+/// the system can't tell.
+#[cfg_attr(not(target_os = "macos"), allow(dead_code))]
+fn runs_on_apple_silicon() -> bool {
+    cfg!(target_os = "macos")
+        && std::process::Command::new("/usr/sbin/sysctl")
+            .args(["-n", "hw.optional.arm64"])
+            .output()
+            .is_ok_and(|out| out.status.success() && out.stdout.trim_ascii() == b"1")
 }
 
 /// Leaves wgpu's indirect-call validation out of the instance eframe creates when `skip`.
@@ -181,7 +197,8 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn intel_macs_skip_the_indirect_validation_shaders() {
         // #2652: Metal's Intel compiler aborted on them, losing the device before the window opened.
-        assert!(skips_indirect_validation(true, true));
+        // An x86_64 build on Apple silicon (Rosetta) isn't an Intel Mac (#5199).
+        assert_eq!(skips_indirect_validation(true, true), !host_is_apple_silicon());
         // Apple silicon, Windows and Linux keep wgpu's validation.
         for (macos, intel) in [(true, false), (false, true), (false, false)] {
             assert!(!skips_indirect_validation(macos, intel), "macos={macos} intel={intel}");
@@ -205,6 +222,36 @@ mod tests {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Whether the machine running the tests is Apple silicon, whatever this build's architecture.
+    fn host_is_apple_silicon() -> bool {
+        cfg!(target_os = "macos")
+            && std::process::Command::new("/usr/sbin/sysctl")
+                .args(["-n", "hw.optional.arm64"])
+                .output()
+                .is_ok_and(|out| out.status.success() && out.stdout.trim_ascii() == b"1")
+    }
+
+    /// #5199: an x86_64 build running under Rosetta on Apple silicon isn't an Intel Mac and keeps
+    /// wgpu's indirect-call validation.
+    #[test]
+    fn x86_64_builds_on_apple_silicon_keep_indirect_validation() {
+        if !host_is_apple_silicon() {
+            return;
+        }
+        // What main.rs passes from an x86_64 build.
+        assert!(!skips_indirect_validation(true, true), "Rosetta build on Apple silicon must keep validation");
+        let mut options = NativeOptions::default();
+        let WgpuSetup::CreateNew(before) = &options.wgpu_options.wgpu_setup else {
+            panic!("default native options must create a wgpu instance");
+        };
+        let before = before.instance_descriptor.flags;
+        configure_indirect_validation(&mut options, skips_indirect_validation(true, true));
+        let WgpuSetup::CreateNew(create) = &options.wgpu_options.wgpu_setup else {
+            panic!("default native options must create a wgpu instance");
+        };
+        assert_eq!(create.instance_descriptor.flags, before, "indirect-call validation kept");
+    }
+
     fn configured_backends(backends: Backends) -> Backends {
         let mut options = NativeOptions::default();
         configure_backends(&mut options, backends);

apps/wordcraft/src/main.rs

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ mod traffic_lights;
 use wordcraft_engine::Session;
 use wordcraft_ui_egui::{
     Services, UiState, WordApp,
-    window_geometry::{RawWindowState, WindowGeometry, take_rescue},
+    window_geometry::{RawWindowState, WindowGeometry, reachable, take_rescue},
 };
 
 /// The app, the restored window geometry (or, with none, the default: no position) until the
@@ -54,7 +54,13 @@ impl eframe::App for App {
         apple_events::poll(&self.5, &mut self.0, ctx);
         self.0.logic(ctx);
         self.3.show(frame);
-        let window = self.4;
+        let mut window = self.4;
+        // Only until the off-screen check below has run: it is the one reader.
+        if self.1.is_some() {
+            let (on_a_monitor, primary_monitor_rect) = monitor_geometry(frame, ctx.pixels_per_point());
+            window.on_a_monitor = on_a_monitor;
+            window.primary_monitor_rect = primary_monitor_rect;
+        }
         // A window that doesn't fit on its screen (the default size on a laptop) shrinks to fit
         // there, so all of the scroll bar can be dragged (#1215). Checked on the frame that first
         // knows the monitor: the off-screen check below takes the pending geometry then.
@@ -126,6 +132,37 @@ impl eframe::App for App {
     }
 }
 
+/// Whether a grippable part of the window is on a monitor, and the primary monitor bounds.
+/// Winit reports physical pixels; egui positions use points. `None` where the platform cannot
+/// report the window or primary monitor (Wayland, headless).
+fn monitor_geometry(frame: &eframe::Frame, pixels_per_point: f32) -> (Option<bool>, Option<egui::Rect>) {
+    let Some(w) = frame.winit_window() else {
+        return (None, None);
+    };
+    if !pixels_per_point.is_finite() || pixels_per_point <= 0.0 {
+        return (None, None);
+    }
+    let Some(pos) = w.outer_position().ok() else {
+        return (None, None);
+    };
+    let size = w.outer_size();
+    let physical_rect = |(x, y): (i32, i32), (width, height): (u32, u32)| {
+        egui::Rect::from_min_size(egui::pos2(x as f32, y as f32), egui::vec2(width as f32, height as f32))
+    };
+    let monitors: Vec<egui::Rect> =
+        w.available_monitors().map(|m| physical_rect((m.position().x, m.position().y), (m.size().width, m.size().height))).collect();
+    let on_a_monitor = (!monitors.is_empty()).then(|| reachable(physical_rect((pos.x, pos.y), (size.width, size.height)), &monitors));
+    let primary_monitor_rect = w.primary_monitor().map(|m| {
+        let pos = m.position();
+        let size = m.size();
+        egui::Rect::from_min_size(
+            egui::pos2(pos.x as f32, pos.y as f32) / pixels_per_point,
+            egui::vec2(size.width as f32, size.height as f32) / pixels_per_point,
+        )
+    });
+    (on_a_monitor, primary_monitor_rect)
+}
+
 /// Quit the way Command-Q does, on the next turn of the main queue.
 ///
 /// Called when the window is closing. Doing it on the next turn lets the close
@@ -216,13 +253,45 @@ fn load_user_fonts() {
     }
 }
 
-/// The saved window geometry, read before the window opens (`load_prefs` runs after).
-fn saved_window() -> Option<WindowGeometry> {
+/// The saved preferences, read before the window opens for its geometry and, on Linux and the
+/// BSDs, the display server (`load_prefs` runs after).
+fn saved_ui() -> Option<UiState> {
     if !prefs_enabled() {
         return None;
     }
     let bytes = std::fs::read(prefs_path()?).ok()?;
-    UiState::from_json(&bytes)?.window?.sanitized()
+    UiState::from_json(&bytes)
+}
+
+/// Whether the window runs through XWayland (X11) rather than native Wayland, and the log line
+/// saying why. `WORDCRAFT_WAYLAND` wins (`0`, `false`, `no` or `off` asks for X11, any other value
+/// for Wayland), then File › Options › Advanced › Linux display server (#2184). Automatic is X11
+/// whenever there's an X server: winit has no file drag-and-drop on Wayland, so dropping files from
+/// the file manager showed a "no" cursor. X11 is only forced with an X server (`DISPLAY`), and
+/// unforced winit picks Wayland when it's there and X11 otherwise, so a choice that isn't
+/// available falls back to the other instead of failing to start.
+#[cfg(all(unix, not(target_os = "macos")))]
+fn uses_x11(setting: wordcraft_ui_egui::DisplayServer, env: impl Fn(&str) -> Option<std::ffi::OsString>) -> (bool, String) {
+    use wordcraft_ui_egui::DisplayServer;
+    let set = |name: &str| env(name).is_some_and(|v| !v.is_empty());
+    let (wanted, by) = match env("WORDCRAFT_WAYLAND") {
+        Some(v) if matches!(v.to_string_lossy().trim().to_ascii_lowercase().as_str(), "0" | "false" | "no" | "off") => {
+            (DisplayServer::X11, "WORDCRAFT_WAYLAND")
+        }
+        Some(_) => (DisplayServer::Wayland, "WORDCRAFT_WAYLAND"),
+        None => (setting, "the setting"),
+    };
+    let x11 = wanted != DisplayServer::Wayland && set("DISPLAY");
+    let runs = if x11 {
+        "X11"
+    } else if set("WAYLAND_DISPLAY") || set("WAYLAND_SOCKET") {
+        "native Wayland"
+    } else if set("DISPLAY") {
+        "X11 (no Wayland)"
+    } else {
+        "neither (no Wayland or X server found)"
+    };
+    (x11, format!("display: {runs}; {} asks for {}", by, wanted.code()))
 }
 
 fn save_prefs(app: &WordApp) {
@@ -268,6 +337,7 @@ fn services(file_dialog: file_dialogs::Hook, ctx: &egui::Context) -> Services {
         file_dialog: Some(file_dialog),
         printers: Some(print::discover()),
         print_native: Some(print::submit()),
+        cancel_print: Some(print::cancel()),
         clipboard_picture: Some(Box::new(clipboard::picture)),
         make_default_app: default_apps::hook(),
         // Personal templates live in `Templates` in the settings folder (#2852), made on first save.
@@ -275,7 +345,7 @@ fn services(file_dialog: file_dialogs::Hook, ctx: &egui::Context) -> Services {
         animations_enabled: Some(animations::hook(ctx)),
         clipboard_text: Some(Box::new(clipboard::text)),
         clipboard_html: Some(Box::new(clipboard::html)),
-        set_clipboard_html: Some(Box::new(clipboard::set_html)),
+        set_clipboard_rich: Some(Box::new(clipboard::set_rich)),
         clipboard_rtf: Some(Box::new(clipboard::rtf)),
         clipboard_formats: Some(Box::new(clipboard::formats)),
         ..Default::default()
@@ -370,6 +440,10 @@ fn open_non_unicode(app: &mut WordApp, path: &std::path::Path) {
 /// geometry, opens requested documents or the Start screen, starts the control server when
 /// asked, and runs the eframe event loop.
 fn main() -> eframe::Result {
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    if let Some(code) = print::isolated::helper_mode() {
+        std::process::exit(code);
+    }
     // Windows: the update helper is a copy of this program started with `--finish-update`.
     #[cfg(windows)]
     if let Some(result) = craft_update::self_update::finish(&wordcraft_ui_egui::UPDATE_APP, &std::env::args_os().skip(1).collect::<Vec<_>>()) {
@@ -449,25 +523,28 @@ fn main() -> eframe::Result {
     // FXC, which needs no DLL of ours (#603; see graphics.rs).
     #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
     graphics::configure(&mut options, eframe::wgpu::Backends::from_env());
-    // Intel Macs: Metal's compiler aborts on wgpu's indirect-validation shaders (#2652).
+    // Intel Macs: Metal's compiler aborts on wgpu's indirect-validation shaders (#2652). An x86_64
+    // build under Rosetta on Apple silicon keeps them (#5199).
     #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
     graphics::configure_indirect_validation(&mut options, graphics::skips_indirect_validation(true, cfg!(target_arch = "x86_64")));
     load_user_fonts();
     // Windows opened for further documents start like the first one, before its saved place.
     let window_builder = options.viewport.clone();
-    let restored = saved_window();
+    let saved = saved_ui();
+    let restored = saved.as_ref().and_then(|ui| ui.window?.sanitized());
     if let Some(window) = restored {
         options.viewport = window.apply(options.viewport);
     }
     #[cfg(all(unix, not(target_os = "macos")))]
-    // winit has no file drag-and-drop on Wayland (only on X11), so dropping files from the file
-    // manager showed a "no" cursor. Run through XWayland when it's there; WORDCRAFT_WAYLAND=1
-    // keeps the native Wayland backend.
-    if std::env::var_os("DISPLAY").is_some() && std::env::var_os("WORDCRAFT_WAYLAND").is_none() {
-        options.event_loop_builder = Some(Box::new(|b| {
-            use winit::platform::x11::EventLoopBuilderExtX11;
-            b.with_x11();
-        }));
+    {
+        let (x11, why) = uses_x11(saved.as_ref().map(|ui| ui.display_server).unwrap_or_default(), |name| std::env::var_os(name));
+        log::info!("{why}");
+        if x11 {
+            options.event_loop_builder = Some(Box::new(|b| {
+                use winit::platform::x11::EventLoopBuilderExtX11;
+                b.with_x11();
+            }));
+        }
     }
     // Registered before the event loop starts, so it catches the Finder event that launched us as
     // well as later ones. Lives until the event loop returns; the app creator only borrows it.
@@ -581,6 +658,32 @@ mod tests {
         let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(dir);
     }
 
+    /// #2184: `WORDCRAFT_WAYLAND` beats the setting, Automatic keeps XWayland where there's an X
+    /// server, and a choice that isn't available falls back to the other.
+    #[test]
+    fn the_display_server_follows_the_variable_then_the_setting() {
+        use wordcraft_ui_egui::DisplayServer::{Auto, Wayland, X11};
+        let x11 = |setting, vars: &[(&str, &str)]| {
+            uses_x11(setting, |name| vars.iter().find(|(k, _)| *k == name).map(|(_, v)| std::ffi::OsString::from(v))).0
+        };
+        let both = [("DISPLAY", ":0"), ("WAYLAND_DISPLAY", "wayland-0")];
+        assert!(x11(Auto, &both), "Automatic keeps XWayland, for file drag-and-drop");
+        assert!(x11(X11, &both));
+        assert!(!x11(Wayland, &both));
+        for (value, wants_x11) in [("1", false), ("", false), ("yes", false), ("0", true), (" Off ", true), ("FALSE", true), ("no", true)] {
+            let vars = [both[0], both[1], ("WORDCRAFT_WAYLAND", value)];
+            for setting in [Auto, Wayland, X11] {
+                assert_eq!(x11(setting, &vars), wants_x11, "WORDCRAFT_WAYLAND={value:?} beats {setting:?}");
+            }
+        }
+        // Without an X server X11 isn't forced: winit connects to Wayland instead of failing.
+        let wayland_only = [("WAYLAND_DISPLAY", "wayland-0"), ("DISPLAY", "")];
+        assert!(!x11(X11, &wayland_only) && !x11(Auto, &wayland_only));
+        // Without Wayland, Wayland isn't forced either: unforced winit picks X11.
+        let (forced, why) = uses_x11(Wayland, |name| (name == "DISPLAY").then(|| ":0".into()));
+        assert!(!forced && why.contains("X11 (no Wayland)"), "{why}");
+    }
+
     /// A named pipe or a device under such a name is a warning, not a read: the pipe blocked
     /// start-up until something wrote to it, and `/dev/zero` read until memory ran out.
     #[test]

apps/wordcraft/src/print.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,21 @@
 //! Desktop spooler adapter. Discovery and submission never run on the UI thread.
+#[cfg(any(windows, test))]
+pub(crate) mod isolated;
+
 use wordcraft_ui_egui::printing::{Discover, Duplex, Printer, Settings, Submit};
 
 /// Returns a discovery callback that enumerates spooler printers on a named worker thread and
 /// sends the list through a channel, keeping spooler calls off the UI thread.
+///
+/// The Print panel needs only names and the default, so the list comes from
+/// `craft_print::printer_queues`, which asks no printer driver anything: on Windows a networked
+/// printer in power save can hold a driver's capability query for a long time, and the list must
+/// not wait on it (#5710). Submission still checks the job's options with the driver.
 pub fn discover() -> Discover {
     Box::new(|| {
         let (sender, receiver) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();
         let _ = std::thread::Builder::new().name("print-discovery".into()).spawn(move || {
-            let printers = craft_print::printers()
+            let printers = craft_print::printer_queues()
                 .into_iter()
                 .map(|printer| Printer { name: printer.name, label: printer.description, default: printer.default })
                 .collect();
@@ -17,22 +25,59 @@ pub fn discover() -> Discover {
     })
 }
 
+/// A submission worker and how to stop its job: `true` when it will never be sent, `false` when
+/// it was already being sent.
+struct Job {
+    worker: std::thread::JoinHandle<()>,
+    cancel: Box<dyn Fn() -> bool + Send>,
+    // Acknowledged helper cancellation permits joining it to reap the process and its input PDF.
+    isolated: bool,
+}
+
 // Keep submission workers reachable until normal app shutdown; dropping a JoinHandle would
 // let process exit end an in-process Windows job or the CUPS hand-off before the spooler has it.
-static JOBS: std::sync::Mutex<Vec<std::thread::JoinHandle<()>>> = std::sync::Mutex::new(Vec::new());
+static JOBS: std::sync::Mutex<Vec<Job>> = std::sync::Mutex::new(Vec::new());
 
+fn jobs() -> std::sync::MutexGuard<'static, Vec<Job>> {
+    JOBS.lock().unwrap_or_else(std::sync::PoisonError::into_inner)
+}
+
+/// Waits for the jobs already being sent, so the spooler has them before the process exits. A
+/// job still waiting (on a sleeping printer's driver, say: #5710) is cancelled instead, so it is
+/// never sent and quitting doesn't wait on the driver.
 pub fn finish_pending_jobs() {
-    let workers = std::mem::take(&mut *JOBS.lock().unwrap_or_else(std::sync::PoisonError::into_inner));
-    for worker in workers {
-        if worker.join().is_err() {
+    let pending = std::mem::take(&mut *jobs());
+    // Cancel them all first: a job left waiting while another is joined could start sending.
+    let finishing: Vec<_> = pending
+        .into_iter()
+        .filter(|job| {
+            let cancelled = (job.cancel)();
+            job.isolated || !cancelled
+        })
+        .collect();
+    for job in finishing {
+        if job.worker.join().is_err() {
             log::error!("the print worker stopped unexpectedly during shutdown");
         }
     }
 }
 
+/// The Print page's Cancel: stops the job being submitted (the Print page submits one at a
+/// time, the latest) unless it has started reaching the spooler. `true` when it will never be
+/// sent. A job that has finished sending answers `false`, so its receipt is still shown.
+pub fn cancel() -> Box<dyn Fn() -> bool> {
+    Box::new(|| jobs().last().is_none_or(|job| (job.cancel)()))
+}
+
+/// Submit off the UI thread, isolating Windows drivers while retaining CUPS token cancellation.
 pub fn submit() -> Submit {
     Box::new(|bytes, settings: Settings, collate, options| {
         let (sender, receiver) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();
+        #[cfg(not(windows))]
+        let cancel = craft_print::Cancel::new();
+        #[cfg(windows)]
+        let cancel = isolated::Submission::new();
+        let token = cancel.clone();
         let worker = std::thread::Builder::new().name("print-submit".into()).spawn(move || {
             let job = craft_print::Job {
                 printer: Some(settings.printer),
@@ -48,12 +93,16 @@ pub fn submit() -> Submit {
                 title: "WordCraft document".into(),
                 options,
             };
-            let _ = sender.send(craft_print::submit(&bytes, &job).map_err(|error| error.to_string()));
+            #[cfg(not(windows))]
+            let sent = craft_print::submit_cancellable(&bytes, &job, &mut |_, _| {}, &token).map_err(|error| error.to_string());
+            #[cfg(windows)]
+            let sent = token.submit(&bytes, &job);
+            let _ = sender.send(sent);
         });
         if let Ok(worker) = worker {
-            let mut jobs = JOBS.lock().unwrap_or_else(std::sync::PoisonError::into_inner);
-            jobs.retain(|job| !job.is_finished());
-            jobs.push(worker);
+            let mut jobs = jobs();
+            jobs.retain(|job| !job.worker.is_finished());
+            jobs.push(Job { worker, cancel: Box::new(move || cancel.cancel()), isolated: cfg!(windows) });
         }
         receiver
     })
@@ -62,20 +111,67 @@ pub fn submit() -> Submit {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
-    #[test]
-    fn shutdown_waits_for_pending_submission_workers() {
+    /// A worker that waits until released, then reports that it finished.
+    fn worker() -> (std::thread::JoinHandle<()>, std::sync::mpsc::Sender<()>, std::sync::mpsc::Receiver<()>) {
         let (release, wait) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();
         let (completed, completion) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();
         let worker = std::thread::spawn(move || {
-            wait.recv().unwrap();
-            completed.send(()).unwrap();
+            let _ = wait.recv();
+            let _ = completed.send(());
         });
-        JOBS.lock().unwrap().push(worker);
-        let shutdown = std::thread::spawn(finish_pending_jobs);
-        assert!(completion.try_recv().is_err(), "the print worker is still pending");
-        release.send(()).unwrap();
-        shutdown.join().unwrap();
-        completion.recv().unwrap();
-        assert!(JOBS.lock().unwrap().is_empty(), "workers were joined before shutdown returned");
+        (worker, release, completion)
+    }
+
+    /// A cancel action that records when it was asked and answers `stops`.
+    fn asked(stops: bool) -> (Box<dyn Fn() -> bool + Send>, std::sync::Arc<std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool>) {
+        let flag = std::sync::Arc::new(std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool::new(false));
+        let set = flag.clone();
+        let cancel = Box::new(move || {
+            set.store(true, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::SeqCst);
+            stops
+        });
+        (cancel, flag)
+    }
+
+    /// Shutdown waits for a job already being sent, so the spooler has it before the process
+    /// exits, but not for one still waiting on a driver (a sleeping printer, #5710): that one is
+    /// cancelled, so it is never sent, and quitting doesn't hang on it. Every job is cancelled
+    /// before any is waited for, so a waiting job can't start sending meanwhile. The Print page's
+    /// Cancel asks only the latest job. One test, because JOBS is global.
+    #[test]
+    fn shutdown_waits_for_jobs_being_sent_and_cancels_the_rest() {
+        let (sending, release_sending, sent) = worker();
+        let (stuck, release_stuck, _) = worker();
+        let (stop_sending, sending_asked) = asked(false);
+        let (stop_stuck, cancelled) = asked(true);
+        // The job being sent comes first, so a one-at-a-time shutdown would join it before
+        // cancelling the waiting one.
+        *JOBS.lock().unwrap() =
+            vec![Job { worker: sending, cancel: stop_sending, isolated: false }, Job { worker: stuck, cancel: stop_stuck, isolated: false }];
+        // Cancel from the Print page asks the latest job only.
+        assert!(cancel()(), "the latest job was still waiting: never sent");
+        assert!(!sending_asked.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::SeqCst), "an earlier job isn't the one being submitted");
+        cancelled.store(false, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::SeqCst);
+        let (finished, shutdown) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();
+        std::thread::spawn(move || {
+            finish_pending_jobs();
+            let _ = finished.send(());
+        });
+        let wait = std::time::Duration::from_millis(200);
+        assert!(shutdown.recv_timeout(wait).is_err(), "shutdown waits for the job being sent");
+        assert!(cancelled.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::SeqCst), "the waiting job was cancelled before the wait");
+        release_sending.send(()).unwrap();
+        assert!(shutdown.recv_timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(10)).is_ok(), "shutdown doesn't wait for the stuck job");
+        sent.recv().unwrap();
+        assert!(JOBS.lock().unwrap().is_empty(), "shutdown took every job");
+        // A job that has already been sent answers false, so the Print page keeps its receipt.
+        let (done, release_done, finished) = worker();
+        release_done.send(()).unwrap();
+        finished.recv().unwrap();
+        *JOBS.lock().unwrap() = vec![Job { worker: done, cancel: Box::new(|| false), isolated: false }];
+        assert!(!cancel()(), "a sent job isn't reported as cancelled");
+        JOBS.lock().unwrap().clear();
+        // The stuck worker was left behind without blocking shutdown; let it end.
+        release_stuck.send(()).unwrap();
     }
 }

apps/wordcraft/src/print/isolated.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,592 @@
+//! One Windows driver submission per process: a cancelled driver cannot retain another
+//! job's provider lock. The child acknowledges its Cancel token before it exits.
+
+use std::{
+    io::{BufRead, BufReader, Read, Write},
+    path::Path,
+    process::{Child, ChildStdin, Command, Stdio},
+    sync::{Arc, Condvar, Mutex},
+    time::Duration,
+};
+
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+#[cfg(windows)]
+const FLAG: &str = "--wordcraft-print-worker";
+const PREFIX: &str = "WORDCRAFT_PRINT:";
+const MAX_MESSAGE: u64 = 64 * 1024;
+const MAX_PDF: u64 = 512 * 1024 * 1024;
+const CANCELLED: &str = "the print job was cancelled before anything was sent to the printer";
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+enum Duplex {
+    Off,
+    LongEdge,
+    ShortEdge,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+struct Request {
+    printer: Option<String>,
+    copies: u32,
+    collate: bool,
+    duplex: Option<Duplex>,
+    grayscale: bool,
+    shrink: bool,
+    title: String,
+    options: Vec<(String, String)>,
+}
+
+impl Request {
+    /// Preserve all spooler options in a platform-independent wire representation.
+    fn from_job(job: &craft_print::Job) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            printer: job.printer.clone(),
+            copies: job.copies,
+            collate: job.collate,
+            duplex: job.duplex.map(|d| match d {
+                craft_print::Duplex::Off => Duplex::Off,
+                craft_print::Duplex::LongEdge => Duplex::LongEdge,
+                craft_print::Duplex::ShortEdge => Duplex::ShortEdge,
+            }),
+            grayscale: job.grayscale,
+            shrink: job.scaling == craft_print::Scaling::ShrinkToFit,
+            title: job.title.clone(),
+            options: job.options.clone(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Restore the job without substituting printer defaults or changing copy semantics.
+    fn job(self) -> craft_print::Job {
+        craft_print::Job {
+            printer: self.printer,
+            copies: self.copies,
+            collate: self.collate,
+            duplex: self.duplex.map(|d| match d {
+                Duplex::Off => craft_print::Duplex::Off,
+                Duplex::LongEdge => craft_print::Duplex::LongEdge,
+                Duplex::ShortEdge => craft_print::Duplex::ShortEdge,
+            }),
+            grayscale: self.grayscale,
+            scaling: if self.shrink { craft_print::Scaling::ShrinkToFit } else { craft_print::Scaling::Exact },
+            title: self.title,
+            options: self.options,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+enum Event {
+    Ready,
+    Cancelled,
+    Sending,
+    Done(Result<String, String>),
+}
+
+enum State {
+    Starting,
+    Waking(Arc<Mutex<Child>>),
+    Running(ChildStdin),
+    Sending(ChildStdin),
+    Cancelled,
+    Finished,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub(crate) struct Submission(Arc<(Mutex<State>, Condvar)>);
+
+impl Submission {
+    /// Create one submission whose driver cannot run until the parent grants startup.
+    pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
+        Self(Arc::new((Mutex::new(State::Starting), Condvar::new())))
+    }
+
+    /// Recover the lifecycle state after poisoning without invoking another driver call.
+    fn state(&self) -> std::sync::MutexGuard<'_, State> {
+        self.0.0.lock().unwrap_or_else(std::sync::PoisonError::into_inner)
+    }
+
+    /// Only an acknowledgement of the child's token can cancel a running helper. A timeout
+    /// is a refusal, never permission to kill a process that may already be sending.
+    pub(crate) fn cancel(&self) -> bool {
+        let mut state = self.state();
+        match &mut *state {
+            State::Starting => {
+                *state = State::Cancelled;
+                return true;
+            }
+            State::Waking(child) => {
+                let _ = child.lock().unwrap_or_else(std::sync::PoisonError::into_inner).kill();
+                *state = State::Cancelled;
+                return true;
+            }
+            State::Cancelled => return true,
+            State::Finished | State::Sending(_) => return false,
+            State::Running(input) => {
+                if input.write_all(b"cancel\n").and_then(|_| input.flush()).is_err() {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        let (state, _) = self
+            .0
+            .1
+            .wait_timeout_while(state, Duration::from_secs(1), |s| matches!(s, State::Running(_)))
+            .unwrap_or_else(std::sync::PoisonError::into_inner);
+        matches!(*state, State::Cancelled)
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    /// Submit through this executable's private helper mode and await its final receipt.
+    pub(crate) fn submit(&self, pdf: &[u8], job: &craft_print::Job) -> Result<String, String> {
+        self.submit_with(pdf, job, |directory| {
+            let mut command = Command::new(std::env::current_exe()?);
+            command.arg(FLAG).arg(directory);
+            Ok(command)
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Publish a terminal state on every result, waking a cancellation caller awaiting an ack.
+    fn submit_with(&self, pdf: &[u8], job: &craft_print::Job, command: impl FnOnce(&Path) -> std::io::Result<Command>) -> Result<String, String> {
+        let result = self.run(pdf, job, command);
+        let mut state = self.state();
+        if !matches!(*state, State::Cancelled) {
+            *state = State::Finished;
+        }
+        self.0.1.notify_all();
+        if matches!(*state, State::Cancelled) { Err(CANCELLED.into()) } else { result }
+    }
+
+    /// Own the private inputs and child until receipt, acknowledged cancellation or failure.
+    fn run(&self, pdf: &[u8], job: &craft_print::Job, command: impl FnOnce(&Path) -> std::io::Result<Command>) -> Result<String, String> {
+        if matches!(*self.state(), State::Cancelled) {
+            return Err(CANCELLED.into());
+        }
+        if pdf.len() as u64 > MAX_PDF {
+            return Err("the print PDF exceeds the 512 MiB helper limit".into());
+        }
+        let request = serde_json::to_vec(&Request::from_job(job)).map_err(error)?;
+        if request.len() as u64 > MAX_MESSAGE {
+            return Err("the print settings exceed the helper message limit".into());
+        }
+        let directory = tempfile::tempdir().map_err(error)?;
+        std::fs::write(directory.path().join("job.json"), request).map_err(error)?;
+        std::fs::write(directory.path().join("input.pdf"), pdf).map_err(error)?;
+        let child =
+            command(directory.path()).map_err(error)?.stdin(Stdio::piped()).stdout(Stdio::piped()).stderr(Stdio::null()).spawn().map_err(error)?;
+        let child = Arc::new(Mutex::new(child));
+        let outcome = (|| {
+            let (input, output) = {
+                let mut process = child.lock().unwrap_or_else(std::sync::PoisonError::into_inner);
+                (process.stdin.take().ok_or("print helper has no input pipe")?, process.stdout.take().ok_or("print helper has no output pipe")?)
+            };
+            {
+                let mut state = self.state();
+                if matches!(*state, State::Cancelled) {
+                    return Err(CANCELLED.into());
+                }
+                *state = State::Waking(child.clone());
+            }
+            let mut output = BufReader::new(output);
+            loop {
+                let message = line(&mut output)?.ok_or("the print helper stopped before it was ready")?;
+                let Some((_, json)) = message.split_once(PREFIX) else { continue };
+                if !matches!(serde_json::from_str::<Event>(json).map_err(error)?, Event::Ready) {
+                    return Err("the print helper did not acknowledge startup".into());
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            {
+                let mut state = self.state();
+                if matches!(*state, State::Cancelled) {
+                    return Err(CANCELLED.into());
+                }
+                *state = State::Running(input);
+                if let State::Running(input) = &mut *state {
+                    input.write_all(b"start\n").and_then(|_| input.flush()).map_err(error)?;
+                }
+            }
+            while let Some(line) = line(&mut output)? {
+                let Some((_, json)) = line.split_once(PREFIX) else { continue };
+                match serde_json::from_str::<Event>(json).map_err(error)? {
+                    Event::Ready => return Err("the print helper repeated its startup acknowledgement".into()),
+                    Event::Cancelled => {
+                        *self.state() = State::Cancelled;
+                        self.0.1.notify_all();
+                        return Err(CANCELLED.into());
+                    }
+                    Event::Sending => {
+                        let mut state = self.state();
+                        let previous = std::mem::replace(&mut *state, State::Finished);
+                        *state = match previous {
+                            State::Running(input) | State::Sending(input) => State::Sending(input),
+                            other => other,
+                        };
+                        self.0.1.notify_all();
+                    }
+                    Event::Done(result) => return result,
+                }
+            }
+            Err("the print helper stopped without a receipt".into())
+        })();
+        // A cancelled child has acknowledged that it cannot send. Other outcomes are terminal
+        // receipts or a broken protocol/pipe; reap the process and its private input files.
+        if outcome.is_err() {
+            let _ = child.lock().unwrap_or_else(std::sync::PoisonError::into_inner).kill();
+        }
+        let status = child.lock().unwrap_or_else(std::sync::PoisonError::into_inner).wait().map_err(error)?;
+        if outcome.is_ok() && !status.success() {
+            return Err("the print helper failed after its receipt".into());
+        }
+        outcome
+    }
+}
+
+/// Keep helper transport failures distinct from a printer's own error message.
+fn error(error: impl std::fmt::Display) -> String {
+    format!("print helper: {error}")
+}
+
+/// Read at most one byte beyond the cap so oversized files fail without unbounded allocation.
+fn bounded(mut input: impl Read, limit: u64) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String> {
+    let mut bytes = Vec::new();
+    input.by_ref().take(limit.saturating_add(1)).read_to_end(&mut bytes).map_err(error)?;
+    if bytes.len() as u64 > limit { Err("print helper input exceeds its limit".into()) } else { Ok(bytes) }
+}
+
+/// Read one bounded UTF-8 protocol record, distinguishing EOF from an oversized message.
+fn line(input: &mut impl BufRead) -> Result<Option<String>, String> {
+    let mut bytes = Vec::new();
+    input.take(MAX_MESSAGE + 1).read_until(b'\n', &mut bytes).map_err(error)?;
+    if bytes.len() as u64 > MAX_MESSAGE {
+        return Err("print helper message exceeds its limit".into());
+    }
+    if bytes.is_empty() { Ok(None) } else { String::from_utf8(bytes).map(|s| Some(s.trim_end().to_owned())).map_err(error) }
+}
+
+/// Serialize complete events under stdout's lock so the driver and listener cannot interleave.
+fn emit(event: &Event) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let mut output = std::io::stdout().lock();
+    write!(output, "{PREFIX}").map_err(error)?;
+    serde_json::to_writer(&mut output, event).map_err(error)?;
+    writeln!(output).and_then(|_| output.flush()).map_err(error)
+}
+
+/// Remove both plaintext inputs even when one fails; already-removed inputs count as success.
+fn remove_inputs(directory: &Path) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let mut first_error = None;
+    for name in ["job.json", "input.pdf"] {
+        if let Err(failure) = std::fs::remove_file(directory.join(name))
+            && failure.kind() != std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound
+        {
+            first_error.get_or_insert_with(|| error(format!("could not remove {name}: {failure}")));
+        }
+    }
+    first_error.map_or(Ok(()), Err)
+}
+
+/// Load and erase the private inputs before driver work, while an independent listener can cancel.
+fn helper(
+    directory: &Path,
+    cancel_request: impl Fn(&craft_print::Cancel) -> bool + Send + 'static,
+    submit: impl FnOnce(&[u8], &craft_print::Job, &craft_print::Cancel) -> Result<String, String>,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let mut input = BufReader::new(std::io::stdin());
+    emit(&Event::Ready)?;
+    if line(&mut input)?.as_deref() != Some("start") {
+        return Err("print helper requires a start acknowledgement".into());
+    }
+    let cancel = craft_print::Cancel::new();
+    let listener = cancel.clone();
+    std::thread::Builder::new()
+        .name("print-cancel".into())
+        .spawn(move || {
+            loop {
+                match line(&mut input) {
+                    Ok(Some(command)) if command == "cancel" => {
+                        if cancel_request(&listener) {
+                            let _ = emit(&Event::Cancelled);
+                            std::process::exit(0);
+                        }
+                        if emit(&Event::Sending).is_err() {
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    _ => break,
+                }
+            }
+            // If the parent disappears, never leave a waiting driver process behind. Sending
+            // jobs finish normally so the OS gets their pages even if the UI has gone away.
+            if cancel_request(&listener) {
+                std::process::exit(0);
+            }
+        })
+        .map_err(error)?;
+    let request: Request =
+        serde_json::from_slice(&bounded(std::fs::File::open(directory.join("job.json")).map_err(error)?, MAX_MESSAGE)?).map_err(error)?;
+    let pdf = bounded(std::fs::File::open(directory.join("input.pdf")).map_err(error)?, MAX_PDF)?;
+    remove_inputs(directory)?;
+    let result = submit(&pdf, &request.job(), &cancel);
+    emit(&Event::Done(result))
+}
+
+#[cfg(windows)]
+/// Handle only the private first-argument flag, before logging or GUI initialization.
+pub(crate) fn helper_mode() -> Option<i32> {
+    let mut args = std::env::args_os().skip(1);
+    if args.next().as_deref() != Some(std::ffi::OsStr::new(FLAG)) {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let result = args.next().ok_or_else(|| "print helper directory missing".to_owned()).and_then(|dir| {
+        helper(Path::new(&dir), craft_print::Cancel::cancel, |pdf, job, cancel| {
+            craft_print::submit_cancellable(pdf, job, &mut |_, _| {}, cancel).map_err(error)
+        })
+    });
+    if let Err(message) = &result {
+        let _ = emit(&Event::Done(Err(message.clone())));
+    }
+    Some(i32::from(result.is_err()))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    /// A real test child exercises production pipes, token handling and process cleanup.
+    #[test]
+    #[ignore = "launched by the process protocol tests"]
+    fn helper_process() {
+        let Some(directory) = std::env::var_os("WORDCRAFT_TEST_PRINT_DIR") else { return };
+        if std::env::var("WORDCRAFT_TEST_PRINT_MODE").as_deref() == Ok("waking") {
+            std::fs::write(Path::new(&directory).join("waking"), b"starting").unwrap();
+            loop {
+                std::thread::park();
+            }
+        }
+        let result = helper(
+            Path::new(&directory),
+            |token| {
+                if std::env::var("WORDCRAFT_TEST_PRINT_MODE").as_deref() == Ok("sending") { false } else { token.cancel() }
+            },
+            |pdf, job, _token| {
+                assert_eq!(pdf, b"synthetic PDF");
+                assert_eq!(job.printer.as_deref(), Some("test queue"));
+                match std::env::var("WORDCRAFT_TEST_PRINT_MODE").as_deref() {
+                    Ok("held") => {
+                        let _provider = Mutex::new(());
+                        let _held = _provider.lock().unwrap();
+                        std::fs::write(Path::new(&directory).join("held"), b"driver entered").unwrap();
+                        loop {
+                            std::thread::park();
+                        }
+                    }
+                    Ok("crash") => std::process::exit(7),
+                    Ok("sending") => {
+                        std::fs::write(Path::new(&directory).join("sending"), b"sending").unwrap();
+                        while !Path::new(&directory).join("release").exists() {
+                            std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(5));
+                        }
+                        Ok("spooled synthetic job".into())
+                    }
+                    _ => Ok("spooled synthetic job".into()),
+                }
+            },
+        );
+        std::process::exit(i32::from(result.is_err()));
+    }
+
+    /// Launch just the ignored helper entry, without invoking printer hardware.
+    fn command(directory: &Path, mode: &str) -> std::io::Result<Command> {
+        let mut command = Command::new(std::env::current_exe()?);
+        let name = module_path!().split_once("::").map_or(module_path!(), |(_, name)| name);
+        command.args(["--ignored", "--exact", &format!("{name}::helper_process"), "--nocapture"]);
+        command.env("WORDCRAFT_TEST_PRINT_DIR", directory).env("WORDCRAFT_TEST_PRINT_MODE", mode);
+        Ok(command)
+    }
+
+    /// Give the child a literal printer identity to verify transport.
+    fn job() -> craft_print::Job {
+        craft_print::Job { printer: Some("test queue".into()), ..Default::default() }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    /// Cancelling before submission cannot launch a driver process.
+    fn cancelled_start_never_launches_a_helper() {
+        let submission = Submission::new();
+        assert!(submission.cancel());
+        let result = submission.submit_with(b"synthetic PDF", &job(), |_| Err(std::io::Error::other("must not launch")));
+        assert_eq!(result, Err(CANCELLED.into()));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    /// A cancellation during creation withholds the start grant and removes private inputs.
+    fn cancellation_during_startup_never_starts_the_driver() {
+        let submission = Submission::new();
+        let worker = submission.clone();
+        let (started, starting) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();
+        let (release, wait) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();
+        let running = std::thread::spawn(move || {
+            worker.submit_with(b"synthetic PDF", &job(), |directory| {
+                started.send(directory.to_path_buf()).unwrap();
+                wait.recv().unwrap();
+                command(directory, "held")
+            })
+        });
+        let directory = starting.recv_timeout(Duration::from_secs(10)).unwrap();
+        assert!(submission.cancel());
+        release.send(()).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(running.join().unwrap(), Err(CANCELLED.into()));
+        assert!(!directory.exists(), "startup cancellation reaps the child and removes its inputs");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    /// A hung startup has no permission to send and can be killed without a token ack.
+    fn an_unresponsive_starting_process_can_be_stopped_without_an_acknowledgement() {
+        let submission = Submission::new();
+        let worker = submission.clone();
+        let (path_tx, path_rx) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();
+        let running = std::thread::spawn(move || {
+            worker.submit_with(b"synthetic PDF", &job(), |dir| {
+                path_tx.send(dir.to_path_buf()).unwrap();
+                command(dir, "waking")
+            })
+        });
+        let directory = path_rx.recv_timeout(Duration::from_secs(10)).unwrap();
+        let deadline = std::time::Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(10);
+        while !directory.join("waking").exists() && std::time::Instant::now() < deadline {
+            std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(5));
+        }
+        assert!(directory.join("waking").exists());
+        assert!(submission.cancel(), "a process without a start grant cannot send anything");
+        assert_eq!(running.join().unwrap(), Err(CANCELLED.into()));
+        assert!(!directory.exists());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    /// Job transport preserves every explicit setting, including Unicode and duplex direction.
+    fn job_options_survive_the_process_boundary() {
+        let expected = craft_print::Job {
+            printer: Some("Office λ".into()),
+            copies: 3,
+            collate: false,
+            duplex: Some(craft_print::Duplex::ShortEdge),
+            grayscale: true,
+            scaling: craft_print::Scaling::ShrinkToFit,
+            title: "A document".into(),
+            options: vec![("media".into(), "iso_a4_210x297mm".into())],
+        };
+        let bytes = serde_json::to_vec(&Request::from_job(&expected)).unwrap();
+        let received: Request = serde_json::from_slice(&bytes).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(received.job(), expected);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    /// Retry succeeds immediately after cancellation, before joining the old worker.
+    fn cancelled_driver_does_not_block_the_next_process() {
+        let submission = Submission::new();
+        let worker = submission.clone();
+        let (path_tx, path_rx) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();
+        let running = std::thread::spawn(move || {
+            worker.submit_with(b"synthetic PDF", &job(), |dir| {
+                path_tx.send(dir.to_path_buf()).unwrap();
+                command(dir, "held")
+            })
+        });
+        let directory = path_rx.recv_timeout(Duration::from_secs(10)).unwrap();
+        let deadline = std::time::Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(10);
+        while !directory.join("held").exists() && std::time::Instant::now() < deadline {
+            std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(5));
+        }
+        assert!(directory.join("held").exists(), "the child is held inside its driver");
+        assert!(!directory.join("input.pdf").exists(), "the stalled driver retains no plaintext PDF");
+        assert!(!directory.join("job.json").exists(), "loaded settings were erased before driver work");
+        assert!(submission.cancel(), "a stalled driver still acknowledges cancellation");
+        let next = Submission::new();
+        assert_eq!(next.submit_with(b"synthetic PDF", &job(), |dir| command(dir, "ready")), Ok("spooled synthetic job".into()));
+        assert_eq!(running.join().unwrap(), Err(CANCELLED.into()));
+        assert!(!directory.exists(), "the reaped helper's PDF and settings were removed");
+        assert!(!next.cancel(), "a completed job keeps its receipt");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    /// A refused cancellation keeps the sending process alive until its receipt.
+    fn cancellation_refusal_preserves_the_sending_job() {
+        let submission = Submission::new();
+        let worker = submission.clone();
+        let (path_tx, path_rx) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();
+        let running = std::thread::spawn(move || {
+            worker.submit_with(b"synthetic PDF", &job(), |dir| {
+                path_tx.send(dir.to_path_buf()).unwrap();
+                command(dir, "sending")
+            })
+        });
+        let directory = path_rx.recv_timeout(Duration::from_secs(10)).unwrap();
+        let deadline = std::time::Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(10);
+        while !directory.join("sending").exists() && std::time::Instant::now() < deadline {
+            std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(5));
+        }
+        assert!(directory.join("sending").exists());
+        assert!(!submission.cancel(), "a sending job refuses cancellation");
+        assert!(matches!(*submission.state(), State::Sending(_)));
+        assert!(!running.is_finished(), "the child is retained until it finishes sending");
+        std::fs::write(directory.join("release"), b"continue").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(running.join().unwrap(), Ok("spooled synthetic job".into()));
+        assert!(!directory.exists());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    /// Closing the parent's pipe stops a waiting driver and permits parent-side cleanup.
+    fn parent_disconnect_stops_a_waiting_driver() {
+        let submission = Submission::new();
+        let worker = submission.clone();
+        let (path_tx, path_rx) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();
+        let running = std::thread::spawn(move || {
+            worker.submit_with(b"synthetic PDF", &job(), |dir| {
+                path_tx.send(dir.to_path_buf()).unwrap();
+                command(dir, "held")
+            })
+        });
+        let directory = path_rx.recv_timeout(Duration::from_secs(10)).unwrap();
+        let deadline = std::time::Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(10);
+        while !directory.join("held").exists() && std::time::Instant::now() < deadline {
+            std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(5));
+        }
+        assert!(directory.join("held").exists());
+        *submission.state() = State::Finished; // Drops the parent's pipe as on process exit.
+        assert_eq!(running.join().unwrap(), Err("the print helper stopped without a receipt".into()));
+        assert!(!directory.exists());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    /// Helper failure removes its input directory; input limits reject oversize data.
+    fn helper_crashes_are_errors_and_inputs_are_bounded() {
+        let submission = Submission::new();
+        let mut inputs = None;
+        assert_eq!(
+            submission.submit_with(b"synthetic PDF", &job(), |dir| {
+                inputs = Some(dir.to_path_buf());
+                command(dir, "crash")
+            }),
+            Err("the print helper stopped without a receipt".into())
+        );
+        assert!(!inputs.unwrap().exists(), "a helper crash removes the PDF and settings");
+        assert_eq!(bounded(&b"abcd"[..], 3), Err("print helper input exceeds its limit".into()));
+        assert_eq!(bounded(&b"abc"[..], 3), Ok(b"abc".to_vec()));
+    }
+
+    /// Cleanup is repeatable and reports real failures while still attempting both inputs.
+    #[test]
+    fn input_cleanup_tolerates_missing_files_and_reports_failures() {
+        let directory = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        std::fs::write(directory.path().join("job.json"), b"settings").unwrap();
+        std::fs::write(directory.path().join("input.pdf"), b"private PDF").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(remove_inputs(directory.path()), Ok(()));
+        assert_eq!(remove_inputs(directory.path()), Ok(()));
+        assert!(!directory.path().join("input.pdf").exists());
+        std::fs::create_dir(directory.path().join("job.json")).unwrap();
+        std::fs::write(directory.path().join("input.pdf"), b"private PDF").unwrap();
+        let error = remove_inputs(directory.path()).unwrap_err();
+        assert!(error.contains("could not remove job.json"), "{error}");
+        assert!(!directory.path().join("input.pdf").exists(), "a settings cleanup failure does not retain the PDF");
+    }
+}

contributors/people.toml

@@ -35,7 +35,9 @@ sync_github_name = false
 real_name = "Saeed Azarehgar"
 
 [people.vangel76]
-sync_github_name = true
+real_name = "Valentin Klein"
+display_name = "vangel76"
+sync_github_name = false
 
 [people.dkhlapov]
 real_name = "Dmitrii Khlapov"
@@ -160,6 +162,8 @@ sync_github_name = true
 
 [people.maxm11]
 real_name = "Max Murphy"
+display_name = "Max Murphy"
+sync_github_name = false
 
 [people.SlavenDj]
 sync_github_name = true
@@ -187,3 +191,9 @@ sync_github_name = true
 
 [people.dylanmtaylor]
 sync_github_name = true
+
+[people.entropybeater]
+display_name = "entropybeater"
+
+[people.helenkwok]
+real_name = "Helen Kwok"

craft-i18n.rev

@@ -1 +1 @@
-9d6d54d6d9ff603cc41e12e5f6ba51af3554ab66
+1e515422afdda2f317af430c1f9d68a5f83935b4

crates/doc/Cargo.toml

@@ -10,8 +10,9 @@ workspace = true
 
 [features]
 # Test inputs other crates' tests share (`cfb_guard::repeating_difat_sample`,
-# `zip_guard::zip64_entry_count_sample`); turned on only as a
-# dev-dependency, so never built into the app.
+# `zip_guard::zip64_entry_count_sample`) and the step count of
+# `work::count`; turned on only as a dev-dependency, so never built into
+# the app.
 test-support = []
 
 [dependencies]

crates/doc/src/cfb_guard.rs

@@ -7,8 +7,9 @@
 /// makes it allocate gigabytes. Here the DIFAT is walked the way `cfb` walks it (header entries,
 /// then the DIFAT chain, at most one step per sector; trailing zero and free entries trimmed
 /// the same way) and the file is refused when it lists one FAT sector twice, or more FAT sectors
-/// than its sectors need (one FAT sector covers `sector_len / 4` of them, plus one spare), so the
-/// FAT `cfb` builds is about the size the file needs. Anything else that is wrong is left for
+/// than the file has sectors — every FAT sector is a sector of the file, so a longer list is
+/// duplicates or names `cfb` refuses anyway, and the FAT `cfb` builds (one sector of entries per
+/// listed name) stays within about the file's own size. Anything else that is wrong is left for
 /// `cfb` to report.
 pub fn check(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<(), String> {
     const MAGIC: [u8; 8] = [0xD0, 0xCF, 0x11, 0xE0, 0xA1, 0xB1, 0x1A, 0xE1];
@@ -52,12 +53,14 @@ pub fn check(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<(), String> {
     while difat.last() == Some(&FREE) {
         difat.pop();
     }
-    // Each listed FAT sector adds a whole sector of entries. A FAT sector holds the entries of
-    // `sector_len / 4` sectors, so a file needs no more FAT sectors than that covers (one spare),
-    // and none of them twice. A free entry in the middle is left for `cfb` to refuse.
+    // Each listed FAT sector adds a whole sector of entries. A real file lists no more FAT
+    // sectors than the file has — every FAT sector is a sector of the file, and none of them
+    // twice (checked below) — so the FAT `cfb` builds stays within about the file's own size.
+    // The #3642 blowup listed 2048 × 127 names in a ~1 MB file. A tighter bound (one FAT sector
+    // per `sector_len / 4` sectors plus a spare) refused real files, whose writers reserve FAT
+    // for growth: an encrypted package of 78 sectors lists 4 and didn't open (#5109).
     let listed: Vec<u32> = difat.into_iter().filter(|&s| s != FREE).collect();
-    let needed = num_sectors.div_ceil(sector_len / 4).saturating_add(1);
-    if listed.len() > needed {
+    if listed.len() > num_sectors {
         return Err(format!("the DIFAT lists {} FAT sectors in a file of {num_sectors} sectors", listed.len()));
     }
     let mut seen = std::collections::HashSet::with_capacity(listed.len());
@@ -123,10 +126,16 @@ mod tests {
     }
 
     #[test]
-    fn a_fat_sector_listed_twice_or_more_than_the_file_needs_is_refused() {
-        // Each list is shorter than the file has sectors, which the guard used to accept.
+    fn a_fat_sector_listed_twice_or_more_than_the_file_has_is_refused() {
+        // A duplicate, and a list longer than the file has sectors: every FAT sector is a
+        // sector of the file, so a longer list is one of the two.
         assert!(super::check(&header_difat(10, &[0, 0])).is_err_and(|e| e.contains("FAT sector 0 twice")));
-        assert!(super::check(&header_difat(10, &[0, 1, 2])).is_err_and(|e| e.contains("3 FAT sectors")));
+        assert!(
+            super::check(&header_difat(10, &[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10])).is_err_and(|e| e.contains("11 FAT sectors in a file of 10 sectors"))
+        );
+        // A writer may reserve FAT for growth: a real encrypted package of 78 sectors lists
+        // 4 FAT sectors and didn't open since the #3642 guard landed (#5109).
+        assert!(super::check(&header_difat(78, &[0, 1, 2, 3])).is_ok());
         assert!(super::check(&header_difat(10, &[0])).is_ok());
         assert!(super::check(&header_difat(200, &[0, 1])).is_ok());
     }

crates/doc/src/document.rs

@@ -213,7 +213,9 @@ impl Document {
         if !parent.len().is_multiple_of(3) {
             return None;
         }
+        crate::work::steps(1);
         for ch in parent.chunks(3) {
+            crate::work::steps(1);
             let [b, r, c] = ch else { return None };
             let Block::Table(t) = &**bl.get(*b as usize)? else { return None };
             bl = &t.rows.get(*r as usize)?.cells.get(*c as usize)?.blocks;

crates/doc/src/edit.rs

@@ -609,8 +609,10 @@ impl Document {
             let mut at = at.into_iter().peekable();
             let mut start = 0usize;
             for r in &mut p.runs {
+                crate::work::steps(1);
                 let end = start.saturating_add(r.len);
                 while at.peek().is_some_and(|&o| o < start) {
+                    crate::work::steps(1);
                     at.next();
                 }
                 if at.peek().is_some_and(|&o| o < end) {

crates/doc/src/kept.rs

@@ -263,7 +263,9 @@ impl KeptXml {
     }
     /// Whether `doc`'s page setup is still as it was read.
     pub fn pages_as_read(&self, doc: &crate::Document) -> bool {
-        self.pages_fp.is_some_and(|fp| fp == pages_fingerprint(doc))
+        let Some(fp) = self.pages_fp else { return false };
+        let now = in_scope(doc, |sc| *sc.pages.get_or_insert_with(|| pages_fingerprint(doc))).unwrap_or_else(|| pages_fingerprint(doc));
+        fp == now
     }
     /// Whether `doc`'s style definitions are still as they were read.
     pub fn styles_as_read(&self, doc: &crate::Document) -> bool {
@@ -384,11 +386,62 @@ const MAX_REPLIES: usize = 10_000;
 /// What comment `root` is with its replies (and theirs): each one's author, date, state and
 /// text, and how many they are.
 pub fn comments_fingerprint(doc: &crate::Document, root: u32) -> (u64, usize) {
-    family_fingerprint(doc, root, &replies(doc))
+    family_fingerprint(doc, root, &scoped_replies(doc))
+}
+
+/// What a writer asks of a document's kept markup for many paragraphs, worked out once while
+/// [`while_writing`] it: each comment's replies, and its page setup's fingerprint. Without it a
+/// document of C comments took C² steps (and its page setup serialized once per note) to save.
+struct Scope {
+    /// The document's address: it can't move or change while borrowed for the writing.
+    doc: usize,
+    replies: Option<std::rc::Rc<HashMap<u32, Vec<u32>>>>,
+    pages: Option<u64>,
+}
+
+thread_local! {
+    static SCOPE: std::cell::RefCell<Option<Scope>> = const { std::cell::RefCell::new(None) };
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+thread_local! {
+    /// How many times [`replies`] was built (tests).
+    static REPLY_BUILDS: std::cell::Cell<usize> = const { std::cell::Cell::new(0) };
+}
+
+/// Puts the scope before it back when dropped (when `f` returns or unwinds).
+struct Restore(Option<Scope>);
+
+impl Drop for Restore {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        let prev = self.0.take();
+        SCOPE.with(|s| *s.borrow_mut() = prev);
+    }
+}
+
+/// Run `f`, which writes `doc`, with what the kept markup asks of `doc` worked out at most once.
+pub fn while_writing<R>(doc: &crate::Document, f: impl FnOnce() -> R) -> R {
+    let key = std::ptr::from_ref(doc) as usize;
+    let prev = SCOPE.with(|s| s.replace(Some(Scope { doc: key, replies: None, pages: None })));
+    let _restore = Restore(prev);
+    f()
+}
+
+/// The scope for `doc`, if it is being written: `f` of it.
+fn in_scope<R>(doc: &crate::Document, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Scope) -> R) -> Option<R> {
+    let key = std::ptr::from_ref(doc) as usize;
+    SCOPE.with(|s| s.borrow_mut().as_mut().filter(|sc| sc.doc == key).map(f))
+}
+
+/// [`replies`], built once while `doc` is being written.
+fn scoped_replies(doc: &crate::Document) -> std::rc::Rc<HashMap<u32, Vec<u32>>> {
+    in_scope(doc, |sc| sc.replies.get_or_insert_with(|| std::rc::Rc::new(replies(doc))).clone()).unwrap_or_else(|| std::rc::Rc::new(replies(doc)))
 }
 
 /// Each comment's replies, by the comment's id.
 fn replies(doc: &crate::Document) -> HashMap<u32, Vec<u32>> {
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    REPLY_BUILDS.with(|n| n.set(n.get() + 1));
     let mut out: HashMap<u32, Vec<u32>> = HashMap::new();
     for (id, c) in &doc.comments {
         if let Some(p) = c.parent {
@@ -425,8 +478,9 @@ fn family_fingerprint(doc: &crate::Document, root: u32, replies: &HashMap<u32, V
 }
 
 /// What `doc`'s page setup is: each section's setup (where it starts, its size, margins,
-/// columns, headers and footers), the headers' and footers' content, the page colour and
-/// picture, and the notes' numbering.
+/// columns, headers and footers), the headers' and footers' content, whether odd and even pages
+/// differ, the page colour and picture, the watermark (one with no text isn't written), and the
+/// notes' numbering.
 pub fn pages_fingerprint(doc: &crate::Document) -> u64 {
     let mut sections: Vec<&crate::SectionProps> = doc.body.iter().filter_map(|b| b.as_para()).filter_map(|p| p.section.as_deref()).collect();
     sections.push(&doc.last_section);
@@ -437,8 +491,10 @@ pub fn pages_fingerprint(doc: &crate::Document) -> u64 {
     match serde_json::to_vec(&(
         sections,
         parts,
+        s.even_odd_headers,
         &s.page_color,
         &s.page_picture,
+        s.watermark.as_ref().filter(|w| !w.text.trim().is_empty()),
         (&s.footnote_format, &s.endnote_format, &s.footnote_pr, &s.endnote_pr),
         (&doc.footnote_separators, &doc.endnote_separators),
     )) {
@@ -694,4 +750,34 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(k.group(p), Some((1, 1)));
         assert_eq!(k.story_fps.get(&id), Some(&story_fingerprint(&doc, id)));
     }
+
+    /// Writing a document checks each kept paragraph's comments against what was read: the
+    /// comments' replies are looked up once for the whole document, not once per comment.
+    #[test]
+    fn writing_many_comments_looks_their_replies_up_once() {
+        use crate::para::InlineObject;
+        let n = 50u32;
+        let text = (0..n).map(|i| format!("Para {i}")).collect::<Vec<_>>().join("\n");
+        let mut doc = crate::Document::from_text(&text);
+        for i in 0..n {
+            let part = doc.add_part(crate::PartKind::Comment, vec![crate::para_block(Paragraph::with_text("Note", Default::default()))]);
+            doc.comments.insert(i, crate::Comment { parent: None, part, ..Default::default() });
+            doc.para_mut(crate::StoryRef::Body, &crate::Path::top(i as usize))
+                .unwrap()
+                .insert_object(0, InlineObject::CommentStart { id: i }, &Default::default())
+                .unwrap();
+        }
+        let mut k = KeptXml { format: "odt".into(), ..Default::default() };
+        for i in 0..n {
+            k.comment_fps.insert(i, comments_fingerprint(&doc, i).0);
+        }
+        let xml = "<text:p><office:annotation>x</office:annotation></text:p>";
+        let before = REPLY_BUILDS.with(std::cell::Cell::get);
+        let all = while_writing(&doc, || doc.body.iter().filter_map(|b| b.as_para()).all(|p| k.comments_as_read(&doc, p, xml)));
+        assert!(all, "every paragraph's comment is as read");
+        assert_eq!(REPLY_BUILDS.with(std::cell::Cell::get) - before, 1);
+        // Outside a writing, nothing is kept between calls.
+        assert!(doc.body.first().and_then(|b| b.as_para()).is_some_and(|p| k.comments_as_read(&doc, p, xml)));
+        assert_eq!(REPLY_BUILDS.with(std::cell::Cell::get) - before, 2);
+    }
 }

crates/doc/src/legacy_form.rs

@@ -120,14 +120,57 @@ fn attr_in(tag: &str) -> Option<String> {
     Some(unescape(rest.get(..end)?))
 }
 
-fn unescape(s: &str) -> String {
-    s.replace("&lt;", "<").replace("&gt;", ">").replace("&quot;", "\"").replace("&apos;", "'").replace("&amp;", "&")
+fn unescape(mut s: &str) -> String {
+    let mut out = String::with_capacity(s.len());
+    while let Some((text, rest)) = s.split_once('&') {
+        out.push_str(text);
+        if let Some(end) = rest.find(['&', ';'])
+            && rest.as_bytes()[end] == b';'
+        {
+            let entity = &rest[..end];
+            let decoded = match entity {
+                "lt" => Some('<'),
+                "gt" => Some('>'),
+                "quot" => Some('"'),
+                "apos" => Some('\''),
+                "amp" => Some('&'),
+                _ => entity.strip_prefix('#').and_then(|n| {
+                    let value = if let Some(hex) = n.strip_prefix('x') {
+                        (!hex.is_empty() && hex.bytes().all(|b| b.is_ascii_hexdigit())).then(|| u32::from_str_radix(hex, 16).ok()).flatten()
+                    } else {
+                        (!n.is_empty() && n.bytes().all(|b| b.is_ascii_digit())).then(|| n.parse::<u32>().ok()).flatten()
+                    }?;
+                    char::from_u32(value)
+                        .filter(|c| matches!(*c, '\t' | '\n' | '\r' | '\u{20}'..='\u{d7ff}' | '\u{e000}'..='\u{fffd}' | '\u{10000}'..='\u{10ffff}'))
+                }),
+            };
+            if let Some(c) = decoded {
+                out.push(c);
+                s = &rest[end + 1..];
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+        out.push('&');
+        s = rest;
+    }
+    out.push_str(s);
+    out
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
 
+    #[test]
+    fn drop_down_entities_decode_once_including_xml_whitespace() {
+        let xml = r#"<w:ffData><w:name w:val="N&#x61;me"/><w:ddList><w:listEntry w:val="A&#10;B&#9;C&#13;D&#x1F600;&amp;#10;&lt;&gt;&quot;&apos;"/></w:ddList></w:ffData>"#;
+        let f = LegacyForm::parse(xml).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(f.name(), "Name");
+        assert_eq!(f.shown_text(), Some("A\nB\tC\rD😀&#10;<>\"'"));
+        let malformed = r#"<w:ffData><w:ddList><w:listEntry w:val="&#0;&#xD800;&#x110000;&#-1;&#xZZ;&unknown;&amp"/></w:ddList></w:ffData>"#;
+        assert_eq!(LegacyForm::parse(malformed).unwrap().shown_text(), Some("&#0;&#xD800;&#x110000;&#-1;&#xZZ;&unknown;&amp"));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn check_boxes_text_fields_and_drop_downs() {
         let cb = |inner: &str| format!(r#"<w:ffData><w:name w:val="Box1"/><w:enabled/><w:checkBox>{inner}</w:checkBox></w:ffData>"#);

crates/doc/src/lib.rs

@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ pub mod math_latex;
 pub mod math_linear;
 pub mod math_symbols;
 pub mod numbering;
-pub mod odf_profile;
 pub mod para;
+pub mod picfx;
 pub mod props;
 pub mod resolve;
 pub mod section;
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ pub mod styles;
 pub mod symbol_fonts;
 pub mod table;
 pub mod wordart;
+pub mod work;
 pub mod wrap;
 pub mod zip_guard;
 
@@ -86,11 +87,11 @@ pub use error::{DocError, Result};
 pub use parts::{MAX_LINKED_BOXES, MAX_TEXT_BOX_INSET, NoteSeparators, Part, PartKind, PermRange, TEXT_BOX_INSET, TextBody, free_id};
 pub use position::{Path, Pos, StoryRef};
 pub use settings::{
-    COMPAT_MODE_CURRENT, CoreProps, CustomProp, DEFAULT_GRID, DEFAULT_HYPHENATION_ZONE, LEGACY_COMPAT_MODE, PagePicture, Settings, Source,
+    COMPAT_MODE_CURRENT, CoreProps, CustomProp, DEFAULT_GRID, DEFAULT_HYPHENATION_ZONE, LEGACY_COMPAT_MODE, OdfLayout, PagePicture, Settings, Source,
     THEME_COLORS, Watermark, Zoom, ZoomFit,
 };
-pub use text_walk::count_words;
 pub(crate) use text_walk::{PARA_WALK_DEPTH, walk_between};
+pub use text_walk::{count_chars, count_chars_no_spaces, count_words};
 
 /// A document.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]

crates/doc/src/locale_number.rs

@@ -22,10 +22,29 @@ pub fn decimal_separator(lang: Option<&str>) -> char {
 
 const SPACES: &[char] = &[' ', '\u{a0}', '\u{202f}', '\u{2009}'];
 const CURRENCY: &[char] = &['$', '€', '£', '¥', '¢', '₽', '₴', '₺', '₹', '₩', '₪', '₫', '฿', '₱', '₸', '₼', '₾'];
+/// Currency signs spelled with more than one character: the Panamanian balboa (`B/.`).
+const CURRENCY_SYMBOLS: &[&str] = &["B/."];
 
-/// Strip a currency symbol or a short currency word (`zł`, `kr`, `PLN`) from either end.
+/// Trim spaces and single-character currency signs from either end.
+fn trim_currency(s: &str) -> &str {
+    s.trim_matches(|c: char| c.is_whitespace() || CURRENCY.contains(&c))
+}
+
+/// Strip a currency symbol or a short currency word (`zł`, `kr`, `PLN`, `B/.`) from either end.
+/// As Word does, a multi-character sign is a word of its own (`B/. 1,250.50`, `1,250.50 B/.`);
+/// `B/.1,250.50` and `B/ 1,250.50` are not numbers.
 fn strip_currency(s: &str) -> &str {
-    let mut s = s.trim_matches(|c: char| c.is_whitespace() || CURRENCY.contains(&c));
+    let mut s = trim_currency(s);
+    if let Some(rest) =
+        CURRENCY_SYMBOLS.iter().find_map(|sym| s.strip_prefix(sym).filter(|rest| rest.chars().next().is_some_and(char::is_whitespace)))
+    {
+        s = trim_currency(rest);
+    }
+    if let Some(rest) =
+        CURRENCY_SYMBOLS.iter().find_map(|sym| s.strip_suffix(sym).filter(|rest| rest.chars().next_back().is_some_and(char::is_whitespace)))
+    {
+        s = trim_currency(rest);
+    }
     if let Some((head, word)) = s.rsplit_once(SPACES)
         && (1..=3).contains(&word.chars().count())
         && word.chars().all(|c| c.is_alphabetic() || c == '.')
@@ -137,6 +156,7 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(parse_number("1.5", pl), Some(1.5));
         assert_eq!(parse_number("-2,25", pl), Some(-2.25));
         assert_eq!(parse_number("PLN 12", pl), Some(12.0));
+        assert_eq!(parse_number("-B/. 1 250,50", pl), Some(-1250.5));
         assert_eq!(parse_number("abc", pl), None);
         assert_eq!(parse_number("1,2,3", pl), None);
         // From review: ordinals, a leading zero, percentages and an en dash minus.
@@ -174,11 +194,40 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(format_number(5.75, Some("es-ES")), "5,75");
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn balboa_numbers() {
+        let en = Some("en-US");
+        // Word 16.0 reads `B/.` as a word of its own, before or after the number.
+        assert_eq!(parse_number("B/. 1,234.50", en), Some(1234.5));
+        assert_eq!(parse_number("1,234.50 B/.", en), Some(1234.5));
+        assert_eq!(parse_number("B/.\u{a0}1,234.50", en), Some(1234.5), "a no-break space after the sign");
+        assert_eq!(parse_number("B/. 1,234.50 B/.", en), Some(1234.5), "the sign at both ends");
+        assert_eq!(parse_number("-B/. 1,234.50", en), Some(-1234.5), "a minus before the sign");
+        assert_eq!(parse_number("B/. 1,234.50", Some("es-PA")), Some(1234.5), "the balboa's own region");
+        // The sign has no space of its own in Word: touching the number is text.
+        assert_eq!(parse_number("B/.1,234.50", en), None);
+        assert_eq!(parse_number("1,234.50B/.", en), None);
+        assert_eq!(parse_number("B/ 1,234.50", en), None, "the balboa is B/. in Word");
+        assert_eq!(parse_number("B/.", en), None);
+        // The slash and the full stop make `B/.` ambiguous with a fraction: the sign is matched at
+        // the ends of the text only, so a fraction is never read as a balboa amount and a sign in
+        // the middle is not a sign.
+        assert_eq!(parse_number("1/.5", en), None, "a fraction is not a price");
+        assert_eq!(parse_number("1/.5", Some("es-PA")), None);
+        assert_eq!(parse_number("1/.5 B/.", en), None, "the sign at the end does not rescue a fraction");
+        assert_eq!(parse_number("B/. 1/.5", en), None);
+        assert_eq!(parse_number("2 B/. 1,234.50", en), None, "the sign sits before the number");
+        assert_eq!(parse_number("1,234.50 B/. 1,234.50", en), None, "the sign sits between two numbers");
+        assert_eq!(parse_number("1,234.50/2", en), None, "a division is not a balboa amount");
+        assert_eq!(parse_number("B/. 1,234.50,50", en), None, "a second decimal separator");
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn english_numbers() {
         let en = Some("en-US");
         assert_eq!(parse_number("1,250.50", en), Some(1250.5));
         assert_eq!(parse_number("$1,250", en), Some(1250.0));
+        assert_eq!(parse_number("PAB 1,250.50", en), Some(1250.5), "the ISO code");
         assert_eq!(parse_number("1.5", en), Some(1.5));
         assert_eq!(parse_number("12", None), Some(12.0));
         assert_eq!(parse_number(".5", None), Some(0.5));

crates/doc/src/math.rs

@@ -16,6 +16,12 @@ pub type Arg = Vec<MNode>;
 /// Deepest structure nesting kept (parsers stop here; layout draws nothing deeper).
 pub const MAX_DEPTH: usize = 64;
 
+/// Most matrix columns kept (writers pad every row to the widest, so this bounds a row's cost).
+pub const MAX_MATRIX_COLS: usize = 64;
+
+/// Most matrix rows kept.
+pub const MAX_MATRIX_ROWS: usize = 1000;
+
 /// An equation's structure, plus what's needed to write it back.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct Math {

crates/doc/src/math_edit.rs

@@ -769,6 +769,30 @@ pub fn autocorrect(root: &mut Arg, pos: &MathPos) -> Option<MathPos> {
     Some(MathPos { path: pos.path, off: pos.off - name.chars().count() })
 }
 
+/// The character just before the caret is an n-ary operator (∫, ∑…) in plain math text, as
+/// AutoCorrect leaves `\int` or `\sum`.
+pub fn nary_before(root: &Arg, pos: &MathPos) -> bool {
+    let pos = clamp(root, pos);
+    let Some(a) = arg_at(root, &pos.path) else { return false };
+    let (i, k) = match locate(a, pos.off) {
+        Loc::Inside(i, k) => (i, k),
+        Loc::Before(i) => match i.checked_sub(1).and_then(|i| a.get(i).map(|n| (i, node_units(n)))) {
+            Some(at) => at,
+            None => return false,
+        },
+    };
+    let Some(MNode::Run(r)) = a.get(i) else { return false };
+    !r.nor && !r.lit && k.checked_sub(1).and_then(|k| r.text.chars().nth(k)).is_some_and(crate::math::is_nary_char)
+}
+
+/// The node just before the caret is a built n-ary operator.
+pub fn nary_node_before(root: &Arg, pos: &MathPos) -> bool {
+    let pos = clamp(root, pos);
+    let Some(a) = arg_at(root, &pos.path) else { return false };
+    let Loc::Before(i) = locate(a, pos.off) else { return false };
+    i.checked_sub(1).and_then(|i| a.get(i)).is_some_and(|n| matches!(n, MNode::Nary { .. }))
+}
+
 /// Characters that make typed linear text build up into structures.
 fn builds(s: &str) -> bool {
     s.chars().any(|c| {
@@ -872,6 +896,28 @@ pub fn build_up(root: &mut Arg, pos: &MathPos, latex: bool) -> Option<MathPos> {
     Some(clamp(root, &out))
 }
 
+/// Typing that just built an n-ary operator without its operand (`∫_0^1` then Space) goes on in
+/// the empty operand, as after inserting one from the gallery, so what is typed next is
+/// integrated or summed (#4917). An operator whose operand ends with another (`∫∫`) leads to the
+/// innermost one. Other carets, and moves or Enter that build up, stay put.
+pub fn into_empty_operand(root: &Arg, pos: &MathPos) -> MathPos {
+    let mut path = pos.path.clone();
+    let mut off = pos.off;
+    while path.len() < MAX_DEPTH
+        && let Some(a) = arg_at(root, &path)
+        && let Loc::Before(i) = locate(a, off)
+        && let Some(k) = i.checked_sub(1)
+        && let Some(MNode::Nary { e, .. }) = a.get(k)
+    {
+        path.push((k, 2));
+        if e.is_empty() {
+            return MathPos { path, off: 0 };
+        }
+        off = units(e);
+    }
+    pos.clone()
+}
+
 /// A top-level `#` numbers the equation: wrap it as a one-row equation array.
 pub fn number_equation(root: &mut Arg) -> bool {
     if has_number_mark(root) && !matches!(root.as_slice(), [MNode::EqArr { .. }]) {

crates/doc/src/numbering.rs

@@ -294,6 +294,14 @@ pub struct Counters {
     /// Per abstract list: whether each level has counted yet (a value of 0 can be a real count when a
     /// level starts at 0).
     flags: HashMap<u32, [LevelFlags; 9]>,
+    /// The last explicitly rendered label and template at each abstract-list level.
+    labels: HashMap<(u32, u8), CountedLabel>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+struct CountedLabel {
+    label: Option<String>,
+    levels: Vec<usize>,
 }
 
 /// Whether a level has counted yet, and the value its next item takes if a start override says so.
@@ -320,6 +328,7 @@ impl Counters {
         let def = level_def(lv)?.clone();
         // A "none" level shows no label at all (Word's numFmt none) — not even its text.
         if def.format == NumFormat::None {
+            self.labels.insert((abs.id, lv as u8), CountedLabel { label: None, levels: Vec::new() });
             return None;
         }
         let st = self.state.entry(abs.id).or_insert([0; 9]);
@@ -366,42 +375,101 @@ impl Counters {
             if restarts {
                 *deeper = 0;
                 *f = LevelFlags::default();
+                self.labels.remove(&(abs.id, d as u8));
             }
         }
         let vals = *st;
         let started = *fl;
-        if def.format == NumFormat::Bullet {
-            return Some((def.text.clone(), def));
-        }
-        let mut label = String::new();
-        // Word's level text is short; .docx and the lists command already cap it at 64.
-        let mut chars = def.text.chars().take(MAX_LEVEL_TEXT).peekable();
-        while let Some(c) = chars.next() {
-            if c == '%'
-                && let Some(d) = chars.peek().and_then(|d| d.to_digit(10))
-            {
-                chars.next();
-                let k = (d as usize).saturating_sub(1).min(8);
-                let val = vals.get(k).copied().unwrap_or(0);
-                let counted = started.get(k).is_some_and(|f| f.started);
-                let val = if counted { val } else { level_def(k).map(|l| l.start).unwrap_or(1) };
-                // Legal numbering (w:isLgl) shows every level in Arabic digits, whatever its own
-                // format (二 of a Chinese outline becomes 2 in "2.1").
-                let fmt = match level_def(k).map(|l| l.format).unwrap_or(NumFormat::Decimal) {
-                    NumFormat::DecimalZero => NumFormat::DecimalZero,
-                    _ if def.legal => NumFormat::Decimal,
-                    f => f,
-                };
-                label.push_str(&fmt.format(val));
-                if label.len() > MAX_LABEL_BYTES {
-                    break;
-                }
-            } else {
-                label.push(c);
-            }
-        }
+        let numeric = def.format != NumFormat::Bullet;
+        let label = if numeric { render_label(numbering, num, &def, &vals, &started) } else { def.text.clone() };
+        self.labels.insert((abs.id, lv as u8), CountedLabel { label: numeric.then(|| label.clone()), levels: template_levels(&def.text) });
         Some((label, def))
     }
+    /// Which levels of `num`'s list have counted a paragraph yet (a level never used has no
+    /// number of its own to show in a reference).
+    pub fn started(&self, numbering: &Numbering, num: u32) -> Option<[bool; 9]> {
+        let abs = numbering.abstract_of(num)?;
+        Some(std::array::from_fn(|k| self.labels.get(&(abs.id, k as u8)).is_some_and(|last| last.label.is_some())))
+    }
+
+    /// The label `level` of `num`'s list shows at this point of the walk, without counting: what
+    /// the last paragraph at that level showed (`"14."` while walking clause 14's sub-clauses).
+    /// `None` for a bullet or "none" level, or a level the list doesn't define.
+    pub fn current_label(&self, numbering: &Numbering, num: u32, level: u8) -> Option<String> {
+        let abs = numbering.abstract_of(num)?;
+        if let Some(last) = self.labels.get(&(abs.id, level.min(8))) {
+            return last.label.clone();
+        }
+        // A deeper item can count a level implicitly without rendering a paragraph there.
+        let def = numbering.level(num, level.min(8))?;
+        if matches!(def.format, NumFormat::None | NumFormat::Bullet) {
+            return None;
+        }
+        let vals = self.state.get(&abs.id).copied().unwrap_or([0; 9]);
+        let started = self.flags.get(&abs.id).copied().unwrap_or_default();
+        Some(render_label(numbering, num, def, &vals, &started))
+    }
+
+    /// Levels shown by the last rendered label, or the current definition for an implicit level.
+    pub fn current_template_levels(&self, numbering: &Numbering, num: u32, level: u8) -> Vec<usize> {
+        if let Some(abs) = numbering.abstract_of(num)
+            && let Some(last) = self.labels.get(&(abs.id, level.min(8)))
+        {
+            return last.levels.clone();
+        }
+        numbering.level(num, level.min(8)).map(|def| template_levels(&def.text)).unwrap_or_default()
+    }
+}
+
+/// The zero-based levels a label template shows (`"%1.%2"` → `[0, 1]`, `"(%3)"` → `[2]`).
+pub fn template_levels(text: &str) -> Vec<usize> {
+    let mut out = Vec::new();
+    let mut chars = text.chars().take(MAX_LEVEL_TEXT).peekable();
+    while let Some(c) = chars.next() {
+        if c == '%'
+            && let Some(d) = chars.peek().and_then(|d| d.to_digit(10))
+        {
+            chars.next();
+            let k = (d as usize).saturating_sub(1).min(8);
+            if !out.contains(&k) {
+                out.push(k);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+/// Render a list label without advancing counters, retaining the existing hostile-input caps.
+fn render_label(numbering: &Numbering, num: u32, def: &Level, vals: &[u32; 9], started: &[LevelFlags; 9]) -> String {
+    let level_def = |k: usize| numbering.level(num, k as u8);
+    let mut label = String::new();
+    // Word's level text is short; .docx and the lists command already cap it at 64.
+    let mut chars = def.text.chars().take(MAX_LEVEL_TEXT).peekable();
+    while let Some(c) = chars.next() {
+        if c == '%'
+            && let Some(d) = chars.peek().and_then(|d| d.to_digit(10))
+        {
+            chars.next();
+            let k = (d as usize).saturating_sub(1).min(8);
+            let val = vals.get(k).copied().unwrap_or(0);
+            let counted = started.get(k).is_some_and(|f| f.started);
+            let val = if counted { val } else { level_def(k).map(|l| l.start).unwrap_or(1) };
+            // Legal numbering (w:isLgl) shows every level in Arabic digits, whatever its own
+            // format (二 of a Chinese outline becomes 2 in "2.1").
+            let fmt = match level_def(k).map(|l| l.format).unwrap_or(NumFormat::Decimal) {
+                NumFormat::DecimalZero => NumFormat::DecimalZero,
+                _ if def.legal => NumFormat::Decimal,
+                f => f,
+            };
+            label.push_str(&fmt.format(val));
+            if label.len() > MAX_LABEL_BYTES {
+                break;
+            }
+        } else {
+            label.push(c);
+        }
+    }
+    label
 }
 
 /// Longest level text (in characters) expanded into a list label.
@@ -413,6 +481,45 @@ const MAX_LABEL_BYTES: usize = 256;
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
 
+    /// Read-only counter APIs retain the renderer's bounds and never advance a list.
+    #[test]
+    fn reference_labels_are_bounded_and_do_not_advance_counters() {
+        let mut n = Numbering::default();
+        let id = n.add_list(ListKind::Numbered);
+        if let Some(num) = n.nums.iter_mut().find(|x| x.id == id) {
+            num.level_overrides = vec![(0, Level { text: "%1".repeat(30_000), ..Level::default() })];
+        }
+        let mut c = Counters::default();
+        let label = c.next_label(&n, id, 0).unwrap().0;
+        let before = c.values(&n, id);
+        assert_eq!(c.current_label(&n, id, 0).as_deref(), Some(label.as_str()));
+        assert_eq!(c.values(&n, id), before);
+        assert!(label.len() <= 512);
+        assert_eq!(template_levels(&"%1%9".repeat(30_000)), [0, 8]);
+        assert!(c.started(&n, id).unwrap()[0]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn last_ancestor_label_keeps_the_instance_that_rendered_it() {
+        let mut numbering = Numbering::default();
+        let first = numbering.add_list(ListKind::Numbered);
+        numbering.abstracts[0].levels[0].text = "Clause %1.".into();
+        let mut second = numbering.num(first).unwrap().clone();
+        second.id = first + 1;
+        second.level_overrides = vec![
+            (0, Level { text: "Part %1.%2.".into(), ..Level::default() }),
+            (1, Level { format: NumFormat::LowerLetter, text: "(%2)".into(), ..Level::default() }),
+        ];
+        let second_id = second.id;
+        numbering.nums.push(second);
+        let mut counters = Counters::default();
+        assert_eq!(counters.next_label(&numbering, first, 0).unwrap().0, "Clause 1.");
+        assert_eq!(counters.next_label(&numbering, second_id, 1).unwrap().0, "(a)");
+        assert_eq!(counters.current_label(&numbering, second_id, 0).as_deref(), Some("Clause 1."));
+        assert_eq!(counters.current_template_levels(&numbering, second_id, 0), vec![0]);
+        assert_eq!(counters.started(&numbering, second_id).unwrap()[..2], [true, true]);
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn a_huge_level_text_gives_a_bounded_label() {
         let mut n = Numbering::default();

crates/doc/src/odf_profile.rs

@@ -1,255 +0,0 @@
-//! How WordCraft fills in what the OpenDocument standard leaves to the application.
-//!
-//! Where ODF 1.3 defines a value (directly, or by referring to XSL for an `fo:` property), that
-//! is the rule and nothing here changes it. Where it doesn't (ODF 1.3 Part 3 §16.2: "in all
-//! remaining cases an implementation-dependent value is used"), each application chooses, and
-//! documents from one application can look different in another. An [`OdfProfile`] is that
-//! choice for every such case: Microsoft Word's style ([`OdfPreset::Word`], the default: as
-//! WordCraft lays out Word documents), LibreOffice's style ([`OdfPreset::LibreOffice`]), or the
-//! user's own ([`OdfPreset::Custom`]). `docs/odf-interpretation.md` lists every case.
-
-use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
-
-use crate::props::Rgb;
-
-/// Whose choices fill in what the standard leaves open.
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
-pub enum OdfPreset {
-    /// Microsoft Word's style: the behaviour WordCraft has for its own and Word documents.
-    /// (`wordcraft`, its earlier id, is still taken.)
-    #[default]
-    #[serde(alias = "wordcraft")]
-    Word,
-    /// LibreOffice's (and Collabora's, which share its engine).
-    LibreOffice,
-    /// The user's own choice for each case ([`OdfProfile`]'s values).
-    Custom,
-}
-
-impl OdfPreset {
-    pub const ALL: [OdfPreset; 3] = [OdfPreset::Word, OdfPreset::LibreOffice, OdfPreset::Custom];
-
-    pub fn id(self) -> &'static str {
-        match self {
-            OdfPreset::Word => "word",
-            OdfPreset::LibreOffice => "libreoffice",
-            OdfPreset::Custom => "custom",
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// The preset named `id` (any case): its id, or `wordcraft` / `msword` for Word's.
-    pub fn from_id(id: &str) -> Option<OdfPreset> {
-        let id = id.trim();
-        if ["wordcraft", "msword", "ms-word"].iter().any(|a| a.eq_ignore_ascii_case(id)) {
-            return Some(OdfPreset::Word);
-        }
-        OdfPreset::ALL.into_iter().find(|p| p.id().eq_ignore_ascii_case(id))
-    }
-
-    /// The two styles a document can be shown in, as the user chooses between them (Custom
-    /// aside).
-    pub const STYLES: [OdfPreset; 2] = [OdfPreset::Word, OdfPreset::LibreOffice];
-
-    /// Its name as the user sees it (File › Options, English; the UI translates it).
-    pub fn label(self) -> &'static str {
-        match self {
-            OdfPreset::Word => "Microsoft Word style",
-            OdfPreset::LibreOffice => "LibreOffice style",
-            OdfPreset::Custom => "Custom",
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/// The most a length in a profile may be, points (22 inches).
-pub const MAX_LENGTH: f32 = 1584.0;
-
-/// The choice for each case the standard leaves open (see the module docs). With a preset other
-/// than [`OdfPreset::Custom`], the preset's values apply whatever these hold
-/// ([`OdfProfile::effective`]).
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(default, rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct OdfProfile {
-    pub preset: OdfPreset,
-    /// A page margin a page layout doesn't state, points. §20.206–20.209 refer to XSL's margins
-    /// (§7.10), whose initial value is 0; whether that initial value comes with the reference
-    /// the standard doesn't say (LibreOffice uses 2 cm).
-    pub page_margin: f32,
-    /// The height of a header or footer whose style states none (§20.212.2 `fo:min-height`
-    /// has no default), points.
-    pub header_min_height: f32,
-    /// A header's or footer's minimum height takes in its spacing from the body (`fo:margin-*`
-    /// of `style:header-footer-properties`; the standard doesn't say), rather than the spacing
-    /// coming after it.
-    pub header_height_includes_spacing: bool,
-    /// What a header or footer whose style doesn't say does with its spacing when its content
-    /// is taller than its height (§20.264 `style:dynamic-spacing` has no default): grows into it
-    /// (`true`), or keeps it (`false`, both presets: with no height stated, growing into it would
-    /// drop the spacing the file states).
-    pub dynamic_spacing: bool,
-    /// Paragraph tab stops are measured from the paragraph's indent rather than the margin when
-    /// the document doesn't say (§19.512.3 `style:position` doesn't say from where; §19.861 `text:relative-tab-stop-position` says so only for indexes; LibreOffice's own
-    /// `TabsRelativeToIndent` setting, in `settings.xml`, says so when present).
-    pub tabs_from_indent: bool,
-    /// The gap between columns whose `style:columns` states neither one nor each column
-    /// (§19.233 `fo:column-gap` has no default), points.
-    pub column_gap: f32,
-    /// A drawing shape's fill colour when no style gives one (§20.119 `draw:fill-color` has no
-    /// default).
-    pub shape_fill: Rgb,
-    /// A drawing shape's line colour when no style gives one (§20.408 `svg:stroke-color` has no default).
-    pub shape_line: Rgb,
-    /// A drawing shape's line width when no style gives one, and what a width of 0 draws at
-    /// (§20.410 `svg:stroke-width` gives neither), points.
-    pub hairline: f32,
-    /// A page-anchored frame placed against a paragraph (a combination §20.398 and §20.299 don't
-    /// define) is placed against the page (`true`), else against the page's text area.
-    pub page_frame_paragraph_is_page: bool,
-    /// An in-line frame placed against something an in-line frame can't be (a paragraph or a
-    /// page, §20.398 Table 23) is placed against the baseline (`true`), else stands on it.
-    pub inline_invalid_relation_is_baseline: bool,
-    /// A line holding only in-line pictures is as tall as they are (`true`), else as tall as
-    /// its text would be too (the standard defines no line-height algorithm).
-    pub picture_lines_fit_pictures: bool,
-    /// A columned section that doesn't say whether its columns are balanced (§20.428
-    /// `text:dont-balance-text-columns` has no default, and its value descriptions contradict
-    /// its name) ends with balanced columns at the end of the document too (`true`), else only
-    /// when text follows on the same page, as in Word.
-    pub balance_section_columns: bool,
-    /// The space between two paragraphs is the first's space after plus the second's space
-    /// before (`true`), else the larger of the two, when the document doesn't say (the
-    /// standard doesn't; LibreOffice's own `AddParaTableSpacing` setting does when present).
-    pub sum_paragraph_spacing: bool,
-    /// Widow and orphan control when no style states `fo:widows` or `fo:orphans` (§20.312,
-    /// §20.244 refer to XSL's, whose initial value is 2 lines; whether that initial value comes
-    /// with the reference the standard doesn't say, and LibreOffice reads none stated as none).
-    pub widow_control: bool,
-}
-
-impl Default for OdfProfile {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        OdfProfile::word()
-    }
-}
-
-impl OdfProfile {
-    /// Microsoft Word's style: as WordCraft lays out its own and Word documents.
-    pub fn word() -> OdfProfile {
-        OdfProfile {
-            preset: OdfPreset::Word,
-            page_margin: 0.0,
-            header_min_height: 0.0,
-            header_height_includes_spacing: false,
-            dynamic_spacing: false,
-            tabs_from_indent: false,
-            column_gap: 36.0,
-            shape_fill: Rgb(0x15, 0x60, 0x82),
-            shape_line: Rgb(0x0E, 0x40, 0x5A),
-            hairline: 0.25,
-            page_frame_paragraph_is_page: false,
-            inline_invalid_relation_is_baseline: false,
-            picture_lines_fit_pictures: false,
-            balance_section_columns: false,
-            sum_paragraph_spacing: false,
-            widow_control: true,
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// LibreOffice's choices, measured in LibreOffice 24 where it doesn't document them.
-    pub fn libreoffice() -> OdfProfile {
-        OdfProfile {
-            preset: OdfPreset::LibreOffice,
-            page_margin: 2.0 * 72.0 / 2.54,
-            header_min_height: 0.5 * 72.0 / 2.54,
-            header_height_includes_spacing: true,
-            dynamic_spacing: false,
-            tabs_from_indent: true,
-            column_gap: 0.0,
-            shape_fill: Rgb(0x72, 0x9F, 0xCF),
-            shape_line: Rgb(0x34, 0x65, 0xA4),
-            hairline: 0.5,
-            page_frame_paragraph_is_page: true,
-            inline_invalid_relation_is_baseline: true,
-            picture_lines_fit_pictures: true,
-            balance_section_columns: true,
-            sum_paragraph_spacing: true,
-            widow_control: false,
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// A preset's values (a custom profile starts from Word's style).
-    pub fn of(preset: OdfPreset) -> OdfProfile {
-        match preset {
-            OdfPreset::Word | OdfPreset::Custom => OdfProfile { preset, ..OdfProfile::word() },
-            OdfPreset::LibreOffice => OdfProfile::libreoffice(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// The values that apply: a preset's own, or, for a custom profile, these (lengths made
-    /// finite and bounded).
-    pub fn effective(&self) -> OdfProfile {
-        let length = |v: f32, least: f32| if v.is_finite() { v.clamp(least, MAX_LENGTH) } else { least };
-        match self.preset {
-            OdfPreset::Custom => OdfProfile {
-                page_margin: length(self.page_margin, 0.0),
-                header_min_height: length(self.header_min_height, 0.0),
-                column_gap: length(self.column_gap, 0.0),
-                hairline: length(self.hairline, 0.05),
-                ..self.clone()
-            },
-            p => OdfProfile::of(p),
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// What the layout needs to know of it for a document opened from ODF.
-    pub fn layout(&self) -> OdfLayout {
-        let e = self.effective();
-        OdfLayout { picture_lines_fit_pictures: e.picture_lines_fit_pictures, tabs_from_indent: e.tabs_from_indent }
-    }
-}
-
-/// A document opened from ODF, for the layout: rules of the standard that differ from Word's
-/// (a paragraph's padding takes room on a side without a border, XSL's box model) apply, and
-/// the profile's choices that are made as the document is laid out.
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(default, rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct OdfLayout {
-    /// See [`OdfProfile::picture_lines_fit_pictures`].
-    pub picture_lines_fit_pictures: bool,
-    /// Tab stops are measured from the paragraph's left indent, default ones too (LibreOffice's
-    /// `TabsRelativeToIndent`, else [`OdfProfile::tabs_from_indent`]). The document's explicit
-    /// stops are held from the margin either way; the default ones are counted from the indent.
-    pub tabs_from_indent: bool,
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use super::*;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn presets_and_custom_values() {
-        assert_eq!(OdfProfile::default().preset, OdfPreset::Word);
-        assert_eq!(OdfPreset::from_id(" LibreOffice "), Some(OdfPreset::LibreOffice));
-        assert_eq!(OdfPreset::from_id("google"), None);
-        // Word's style by its id, and by the id it had before.
-        for id in ["word", "Word", "wordcraft", "MSWord", "ms-word"] {
-            assert_eq!(OdfPreset::from_id(id), Some(OdfPreset::Word), "{id}");
-        }
-        assert_eq!(serde_json::from_value::<OdfPreset>(serde_json::json!("wordcraft")).unwrap(), OdfPreset::Word);
-        assert_eq!(serde_json::from_value::<OdfPreset>(serde_json::json!("word")).unwrap(), OdfPreset::Word);
-        assert_eq!(OdfPreset::STYLES.map(OdfPreset::label), ["Microsoft Word style", "LibreOffice style"]);
-        // Saved and taken by `file.options` as its id.
-        for p in OdfPreset::ALL {
-            assert_eq!(serde_json::to_value(p).unwrap(), serde_json::json!(p.id()));
-        }
-        // A preset's values apply whatever the profile holds.
-        let lo = OdfProfile { column_gap: 99.0, ..OdfProfile::libreoffice() };
-        assert_eq!(lo.effective(), OdfProfile::libreoffice());
-        // A custom profile's own, bounded.
-        let custom = OdfProfile { preset: OdfPreset::Custom, column_gap: f32::NAN, header_min_height: 1e9, ..OdfProfile::word() };
-        let e = custom.effective();
-        assert_eq!((e.column_gap, e.header_min_height), (0.0, MAX_LENGTH));
-        assert!(OdfProfile::libreoffice().layout().picture_lines_fit_pictures);
-        assert!(!OdfProfile::word().layout().picture_lines_fit_pictures);
-    }
-}

crates/doc/src/para.rs

@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ impl Paragraph {
 
     /// Number of objects in `text[..off]`.
     fn objects_before(&self, off: usize) -> usize {
-        self.text.get(..off).map(|t| t.chars().filter(|c| *c == OBJ).count()).unwrap_or(0)
+        self.text.get(..off).map(|t| t.chars().inspect(|_| crate::work::steps(1)).filter(|c| *c == OBJ).count()).unwrap_or(0)
     }
 
     /// The object at byte `off` (which must hold U+FFFC).
@@ -250,13 +250,13 @@ impl Paragraph {
     }
     /// Byte offsets of all objects, in order.
     pub fn object_offsets(&self) -> Vec<usize> {
-        self.text.char_indices().filter(|(_, c)| *c == OBJ).map(|(i, _)| i).collect()
+        self.text.char_indices().inspect(|_| crate::work::steps(1)).filter(|(_, c)| *c == OBJ).map(|(i, _)| i).collect()
     }
     /// (byte offset, object) for every object, in text order, in one pass. Prefer it to
     /// [`Paragraph::object_offsets`] + [`Paragraph::object_at`], which counts the objects before
     /// each offset again, so a loop over a paragraph's objects is quadratic (#3614).
     pub fn objects_with_offsets(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (usize, &InlineObject)> + '_ {
-        self.text.char_indices().filter(|(_, c)| *c == OBJ).map(|(i, _)| i).zip(self.objects.iter())
+        self.text.char_indices().inspect(|_| crate::work::steps(1)).filter(|(_, c)| *c == OBJ).map(|(i, _)| i).zip(self.objects.iter())
     }
 
     /// Insert plain text (U+FFFC is dropped) at `off` with `props`. Returns the inserted length.

crates/doc/src/para/inline_object.rs

@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@ pub enum InlineObject {
         /// Crop (left, top, right, bottom) fractions 0..1.
         #[serde(default)]
         crop: [f32; 4],
+        /// Brightness, contrast and transparency read from the file (see [`crate::picfx`]).
+        #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "crate::picfx::PicFx::is_identity")]
+        fx: crate::picfx::PicFx,
         /// The OLE object (embedded or linked file) or Word signature line this picture shows, as
         /// read from a file: saving writes the object back, not only its picture. See
         /// [`crate::graphic::Embedded`].
@@ -313,20 +316,34 @@ impl InlineObject {
     /// A group's members placed in a `w` × `h` box at (`x`, `y`): each member's rectangle
     /// (x, y, w, h) and the member. Empty for anything else.
     pub fn group_rects(&self, x: f32, y: f32, w: f32, h: f32) -> Vec<([f32; 4], &InlineObject)> {
-        let InlineObject::Group { ch_w, ch_h, children, .. } = self else { return Vec::new() };
+        let InlineObject::Group { children, .. } = self else { return Vec::new() };
+        self.member_rects(x, y, w, h).into_iter().filter_map(|(i, r)| Some((r, &children.get(i)?.obj))).collect()
+    }
+    /// [`InlineObject::group_rects`] with each member's index in `children` instead of the member.
+    pub fn member_rects(&self, x: f32, y: f32, w: f32, h: f32) -> Vec<(usize, [f32; 4])> {
+        let InlineObject::Group { children, .. } = self else { return Vec::new() };
+        let (sx, sy) = self.group_scale(w, h);
         let fin = |v: f32| if v.is_finite() { v } else { 0.0 };
-        let sx = if fin(*ch_w) > 0.0 { fin(w) / ch_w } else { 1.0 };
-        let sy = if fin(*ch_h) > 0.0 { fin(h) / ch_h } else { 1.0 };
         children
             .iter()
             .take(MAX_GROUP_CHILDREN)
-            .filter_map(|c| {
+            .enumerate()
+            .filter_map(|(i, c)| {
                 let (cw, chh, _) = c.obj.frame()?;
                 let r = [x + fin(c.x) * sx, y + fin(c.y) * sy, (fin(cw) * sx).clamp(0.0, 4000.0), (fin(chh) * sy).clamp(0.0, 4000.0)];
-                (!matches!(c.obj, InlineObject::Group { .. })).then_some((r, &c.obj))
+                (!matches!(c.obj, InlineObject::Group { .. })).then_some((i, r))
             })
             .collect()
     }
+    /// How much a group drawn `w` × `h` scales its members' space (x, y): 1 for a canvas, whose
+    /// members keep their size.
+    pub fn group_scale(&self, w: f32, h: f32) -> (f32, f32) {
+        let InlineObject::Group { ch_w, ch_h, .. } = self else { return (1.0, 1.0) };
+        let fin = |v: f32| if v.is_finite() { v } else { 0.0 };
+        let sx = if fin(*ch_w) > 0.0 { fin(w) / ch_w } else { 1.0 };
+        let sy = if fin(*ch_h) > 0.0 { fin(h) / ch_h } else { 1.0 };
+        (sx, sy)
+    }
     /// A legacy form field's definition (`FORMCHECKBOX`, `FORMTEXT`, `FORMDROPDOWN`), read from
     /// the `w:ffData` it keeps; `None` for anything else.
     pub fn legacy_form(&self) -> Option<crate::legacy_form::LegacyForm> {

crates/doc/src/picfx.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+//! Picture colour corrections read from a file: brightness, contrast and transparency
+//! (DrawingML `a:lum` and `a:alphaModFix` inside `a:blip`, ECMA-376 §20.1.8.42 and §20.1.8.4;
+//! VML `v:imagedata` `gain` and `blacklevel`, which Word's picture watermark "Washout" sets).
+//!
+//! Values are kept in OOXML units: thousandths of a percent, so 100 000 is 100 %. All zero is
+//! the picture as it is.
+//!
+//! The pixel formula was measured on Word (#1711, #1766): Word bakes the corrected pixels into
+//! the picture it embeds in a PDF export, so a synthetic grey and colour ramp exported with
+//! 20 `a:lum` combinations and 6 VML `gain`/`blacklevel` pairs gives the curve. Every channel is
+//! mapped on its own (no hue or luminance coupling) by one straight line, clamped to 0..=255
+//! only at the end:
+//!
+//! `y = s·(x − 127.5) + 127.5 + 127.5·b·(1 + s)`, with `b = bright / 100 000`, `c = contrast /
+//! 100 000`, `s = 1 + c` when `c ≤ 0` and `s = 1 / (1 − c)` when `c > 0`
+//!
+//! (as if half the brightness shift were applied before the contrast and half after). Measured
+//! slope and intercept of Word's output for grey input `x` (PNG pictures, exact to ±1 level):
+//! bright 20 000 → 1.00, +51; bright −40 000 → 1.00, −103; contrast 80 000 → 5.00, −510;
+//! contrast −80 000 → 0.20, +101.4; (40 000, −40 000) → 0.60, +132.2; (80 000, −80 000) →
+//! 0.20, +223.8 (also the #1766 header picture: fitted 0.197..0.201, +223.6..224.0);
+//! (−40 000, 40 000) → 1.667, −221.7; (30 000, 60 000) → 2.50, −57.8.
+//!
+//! VML: `gain` is the slope itself and `blacklevel` half the brightness — Word draws `gain` 0.3,
+//! `blacklevel` 0.35 (Washout) as 0.30, +205.3, the same as `a:lum` (70 000, −70 000), and
+//! `gain` 1, `blacklevel` 0.2 as the very same picture as `bright="40000"`.
+
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+/// The largest magnitude of a correction (100 %).
+pub const FX_MAX: i32 = 100_000;
+
+/// Brightness, contrast and transparency of a picture (see the module docs).
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(default)]
+pub struct PicFx {
+    /// −100 000 (black) ..= 100 000 (white).
+    pub bright: i32,
+    /// −100 000 (flat grey) ..= 100 000 (hard threshold).
+    pub contrast: i32,
+    /// 0 (opaque) ..= 100 000 (invisible).
+    pub transparency: i32,
+}
+
+impl PicFx {
+    /// Corrections clamped to their ranges.
+    pub fn new(bright: i32, contrast: i32, transparency: i32) -> PicFx {
+        PicFx { bright: bright.clamp(-FX_MAX, FX_MAX), contrast: contrast.clamp(-FX_MAX, FX_MAX), transparency: transparency.clamp(0, FX_MAX) }
+    }
+
+    /// The same corrections, each clamped to its range (for values that came from anywhere).
+    pub fn clamped(self) -> PicFx {
+        PicFx::new(self.bright, self.contrast, self.transparency)
+    }
+
+    /// No correction at all.
+    pub fn is_identity(&self) -> bool {
+        *self == PicFx::default()
+    }
+
+    /// Brightness or contrast changes the pixels (transparency alone doesn't).
+    pub fn changes_pixels(&self) -> bool {
+        let f = self.clamped();
+        f.bright != 0 || f.contrast != 0
+    }
+
+    /// The picture's opacity, 0..=1 (1 − transparency).
+    pub fn opacity(&self) -> f32 {
+        1.0 - self.transparency.clamp(0, FX_MAX) as f32 / FX_MAX as f32
+    }
+
+    /// The corrections a VML `v:imagedata` gives with `gain` and `blacklevel` (already parsed to
+    /// plain numbers, 1 and 0 when missing): contrast from the slope `gain`, brightness twice the
+    /// black level (see the module docs). Non-finite values count as missing.
+    pub fn from_vml(gain: f64, blacklevel: f64) -> PicFx {
+        let gain = if gain.is_finite() { gain.clamp(0.0, 1.0e6) } else { 1.0 };
+        let black = if blacklevel.is_finite() { blacklevel.clamp(-0.5, 0.5) } else { 0.0 };
+        // s = 1 + c (c ≤ 0) or 1 / (1 − c) (c > 0).
+        let c = if gain <= 1.0 { gain - 1.0 } else { 1.0 - 1.0 / gain };
+        let fx = |v: f64| (v * FX_MAX as f64).round().clamp(-(FX_MAX as f64), FX_MAX as f64) as i32;
+        PicFx::new(fx(2.0 * black), fx(c), 0)
+    }
+
+    /// `gain` and `blacklevel` for VML (the inverse of [`PicFx::from_vml`]).
+    pub fn to_vml(&self) -> (f64, f64) {
+        (self.slope(), self.clamped().bright as f64 / FX_MAX as f64 / 2.0)
+    }
+
+    /// The contrast slope `s` (capped at 255: contrast 100 % is a threshold).
+    fn slope(&self) -> f64 {
+        let c = self.contrast.clamp(-FX_MAX, FX_MAX) as f64 / FX_MAX as f64;
+        if c <= 0.0 { 1.0 + c } else { (1.0 / (1.0 - c).max(1.0 / 255.0)).min(255.0) }
+    }
+
+    /// The lookup table every colour channel goes through.
+    pub fn table(&self) -> [u8; 256] {
+        let s = self.slope();
+        let b = self.bright.clamp(-FX_MAX, FX_MAX) as f64 / FX_MAX as f64;
+        let mut t = [0u8; 256];
+        for (x, slot) in t.iter_mut().enumerate() {
+            let y = s * (x as f64 - 127.5) + 127.5 + 127.5 * b * (1.0 + s);
+            *slot = if y.is_finite() { y.round().clamp(0.0, 255.0) as u8 } else { 0 };
+        }
+        t
+    }
+
+    /// Apply brightness and contrast to straight (not premultiplied) RGBA8 pixels in place. The
+    /// alpha byte is left alone (transparency is drawn as an opacity, see [`PicFx::opacity`]); a
+    /// trailing partial pixel is ignored.
+    pub fn apply_rgba(&self, rgba: &mut [u8]) {
+        if !self.changes_pixels() {
+            return;
+        }
+        let t = self.table();
+        for px in rgba.as_chunks_mut::<4>().0 {
+            for c in px.iter_mut().take(3) {
+                *c = t.get(usize::from(*c)).copied().unwrap_or(*c);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    /// Word's own output for grey input 0, 128 and 255 (PNG pictures in a PDF export).
+    #[test]
+    fn matches_word() {
+        let cases: [(PicFx, [u8; 3]); 6] = [
+            (PicFx::new(40_000, -40_000, 0), [132, 209, 255]),
+            (PicFx::new(80_000, -80_000, 0), [224, 249, 255]),
+            (PicFx::new(-40_000, 40_000, 0), [0, 0, 203]),
+            (PicFx::new(0, 80_000, 0), [0, 130, 255]),
+            (PicFx::new(20_000, 0, 0), [51, 179, 255]),
+            (PicFx::from_vml(19661.0 / 65536.0, 22938.0 / 65536.0), [205, 244, 255]),
+        ];
+        for (fx, want) in cases {
+            let t = fx.table();
+            for (x, w) in [0usize, 128, 255].into_iter().zip(want) {
+                let got = t[x];
+                assert!(got.abs_diff(w) <= 2, "{fx:?}: {x} → {got}, Word {w}");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn channels_apart_alpha_kept() {
+        let fx = PicFx::new(80_000, -80_000, 0);
+        let mut px = [255, 0, 0, 77, 0, 128, 255, 255];
+        fx.apply_rgba(&mut px);
+        // Word: red (255, 0, 0) → (255, 224, 224); 128 → 249 (the formula gives 250.0).
+        assert_eq!(px, [255, 224, 224, 77, 224, 250, 255, 255]);
+        let mut odd = [0u8; 6];
+        fx.apply_rgba(&mut odd);
+        assert_eq!(odd[4..], [0, 0]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn vml_mapping() {
+        // 16.16 fixed point: 19661f and 22938f are 0.3 and 0.35 to within 1e-5.
+        let washout = PicFx::from_vml(19661.0 / 65536.0, 22938.0 / 65536.0);
+        assert!((washout.bright - 70_000).abs() <= 2 && (washout.contrast + 70_000).abs() <= 2, "{washout:?}");
+        assert_eq!(PicFx::from_vml(1.0, 0.2), PicFx::new(40_000, 0, 0));
+        assert_eq!(PicFx::from_vml(2.0, 0.0), PicFx::new(0, 50_000, 0));
+        assert!(PicFx::from_vml(1.0, 0.0).is_identity());
+        for (g, b) in [(f64::NAN, f64::INFINITY), (-1.0e30, 1.0e30), (1.0e300, -7.0), (0.0, 0.0)] {
+            let fx = PicFx::from_vml(g, b);
+            assert_eq!(fx, fx.clamped(), "{g} {b}");
+            let _ = fx.table();
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn hostile_values_clamp() {
+        for v in [i32::MIN, -100_001, 0, 100_001, i32::MAX] {
+            let fx = PicFx { bright: v, contrast: v, transparency: v };
+            let _ = fx.table();
+            assert!((0.0..=1.0).contains(&fx.opacity()));
+            let mut px = [1u8, 2, 3, 4];
+            fx.apply_rgba(&mut px);
+            assert_eq!(px[3], 4);
+        }
+        assert_eq!(PicFx::new(0, 0, 25_000).opacity(), 0.75);
+        assert!(!PicFx::new(0, 0, 25_000).changes_pixels());
+        // Contrast 100 %: a threshold at mid-grey, no NaN.
+        let t = PicFx::new(0, FX_MAX, 0).table();
+        assert_eq!((t[0], t[127], t[128], t[255]), (0, 0, 255, 255));
+    }
+}

crates/doc/src/props.rs

@@ -26,7 +26,9 @@ pub use char_props::{
     CharProps, CombineBrackets, DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE, EastAsianLayout, EmphasisMark, Highlight, Ligatures, NumChange, PropChange, Underline, VertAlign,
 };
 pub use color::{Rgb, TextColor};
-pub use para_props::{Align, Border, BorderStyle, Borders, LineSpacing, NumRef, ParaProps, TAB_POS_EPS, TabAlign, TabLeader, TabStop, TextFrame};
+pub use para_props::{
+    Align, Border, BorderStyle, Borders, LineSpacing, NumRef, ParaProps, TAB_POS_EPS, TabAlign, TabLeader, TabStop, TextAlignment, TextFrame,
+};
 pub use table_props::{
     CellPicture, CellProps, HeightRule, PictureRepeat, RowProps, TableFloat, TableLook, TableProps, TextDirection, TextVert, VAlign, VMerge,
     anchor_ooxml, valign_from_anchor,

crates/doc/src/props/para_props.rs

@@ -26,6 +26,40 @@ impl Align {
     }
 }
 
+/// Vertical alignment of characters of different sizes on a line (`w:textAlignment`,
+/// ECMA-376 §17.3.1.39).
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub enum TextAlignment {
+    Auto,
+    Top,
+    Center,
+    Baseline,
+    Bottom,
+}
+
+impl TextAlignment {
+    pub fn ooxml(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            TextAlignment::Auto => "auto",
+            TextAlignment::Top => "top",
+            TextAlignment::Center => "center",
+            TextAlignment::Baseline => "baseline",
+            TextAlignment::Bottom => "bottom",
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn from_ooxml(s: &str) -> Option<TextAlignment> {
+        match s {
+            "auto" => Some(TextAlignment::Auto),
+            "top" => Some(TextAlignment::Top),
+            "center" => Some(TextAlignment::Center),
+            "baseline" => Some(TextAlignment::Baseline),
+            "bottom" => Some(TextAlignment::Bottom),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// Line spacing rule.
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase", tag = "rule", content = "value")]
@@ -107,6 +141,18 @@ pub enum BorderStyle {
     Triple,
     DotDash,
     Wave,
+    /// The compound lines of thin and thick strokes (`thinThickSmallGap` to
+    /// `thinThickThinLargeGap`), kept so a file writes back the line it read; drawn as a single
+    /// line of the border's width.
+    ThinThickSmallGap,
+    ThickThinSmallGap,
+    ThinThickThinSmallGap,
+    ThinThickMediumGap,
+    ThickThinMediumGap,
+    ThinThickThinMediumGap,
+    ThinThickLargeGap,
+    ThickThinLargeGap,
+    ThinThickThinLargeGap,
 }
 
 impl BorderStyle {
@@ -121,6 +167,15 @@ impl BorderStyle {
             BorderStyle::Triple => "triple",
             BorderStyle::DotDash => "dotDash",
             BorderStyle::Wave => "wave",
+            BorderStyle::ThinThickSmallGap => "thinThickSmallGap",
+            BorderStyle::ThickThinSmallGap => "thickThinSmallGap",
+            BorderStyle::ThinThickThinSmallGap => "thinThickThinSmallGap",
+            BorderStyle::ThinThickMediumGap => "thinThickMediumGap",
+            BorderStyle::ThickThinMediumGap => "thickThinMediumGap",
+            BorderStyle::ThinThickThinMediumGap => "thinThickThinMediumGap",
+            BorderStyle::ThinThickLargeGap => "thinThickLargeGap",
+            BorderStyle::ThickThinLargeGap => "thickThinLargeGap",
+            BorderStyle::ThinThickThinLargeGap => "thinThickThinLargeGap",
         }
     }
     pub fn from_ooxml(s: &str) -> BorderStyle {
@@ -133,6 +188,15 @@ impl BorderStyle {
             "triple" => BorderStyle::Triple,
             "dotDash" | "dotDotDash" => BorderStyle::DotDash,
             "wave" | "doubleWave" => BorderStyle::Wave,
+            "thinThickSmallGap" => BorderStyle::ThinThickSmallGap,
+            "thickThinSmallGap" => BorderStyle::ThickThinSmallGap,
+            "thinThickThinSmallGap" => BorderStyle::ThinThickThinSmallGap,
+            "thinThickMediumGap" => BorderStyle::ThinThickMediumGap,
+            "thickThinMediumGap" => BorderStyle::ThickThinMediumGap,
+            "thinThickThinMediumGap" => BorderStyle::ThinThickThinMediumGap,
+            "thinThickLargeGap" => BorderStyle::ThinThickLargeGap,
+            "thickThinLargeGap" => BorderStyle::ThickThinLargeGap,
+            "thinThickThinLargeGap" => BorderStyle::ThinThickThinLargeGap,
             _ => BorderStyle::Single,
         }
     }
@@ -241,6 +305,9 @@ pub struct TextFrame {
     pub v_anchor: String,
     /// `around`, `auto`, `notBeside`, `none`, `tight` or `through`.
     pub wrap: String,
+    /// Whether the frame stays fixed to its page anchor when its paragraph moves.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub anchor_lock: Option<bool>,
     /// Distance from the text left and right, and above and below.
     pub h_space: f32,
     pub v_space: f32,
@@ -295,6 +362,9 @@ pub struct ParaProps {
     /// outside ones, so they swap sides on even (left-hand) pages.
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub mirror_indents: Option<bool>,
+    /// `w:adjustRightInd`: automatically adjust the right indent for the document grid when enabled; keep the specified right indent when disabled.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub adjust_right_indent: Option<bool>,
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub keep_next: Option<bool>,
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
@@ -368,6 +438,10 @@ pub struct ParaProps {
     /// `w:snapToGrid`: lines snap to the section's document grid. Unset = on.
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub snap_to_grid: Option<bool>,
+    /// `w:textAlignment`: how characters of different sizes line up on a line. Kept for the
+    /// file (not laid out yet); Word sizes a line by it, so dropping it changes Word's pages.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub text_alignment: Option<TextAlignment>,
 }
 
 impl ParaProps {
@@ -379,7 +453,7 @@ impl ParaProps {
 
     fn overlay_layout(&mut self, patch: &ParaProps) {
         overlay_fields!(self, patch; style, align, indent_left, indent_right, indent_first, indent_left_chars, indent_right_chars, indent_first_chars,
-            space_before, space_after, space_before_auto, space_after_auto, line_spacing, contextual_spacing, mirror_indents, tabs, shading, borders);
+            space_before, space_after, space_before_auto, space_after_auto, line_spacing, contextual_spacing, mirror_indents, adjust_right_indent, tabs, shading, borders);
     }
 
     fn overlay_pagination(&mut self, patch: &ParaProps) {
@@ -388,7 +462,7 @@ impl ParaProps {
     }
 
     fn overlay_script_layout(&mut self, patch: &ParaProps) {
-        overlay_fields!(self, patch; bidi, kinsoku, word_wrap, overflow_punct, top_line_punct, auto_space_de, auto_space_dn);
+        overlay_fields!(self, patch; bidi, kinsoku, word_wrap, overflow_punct, top_line_punct, auto_space_de, auto_space_dn, text_alignment);
     }
     pub fn overlaid(mut self, patch: &ParaProps) -> ParaProps {
         self.overlay(patch);

crates/doc/src/resolve.rs

@@ -153,6 +153,10 @@ impl ResolvedChar {
 }
 
 /// Concrete paragraph formatting.
+fn default_adjust_right_indent() -> bool {
+    true
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct ResolvedPara {
@@ -173,6 +177,9 @@ pub struct ResolvedPara {
     pub contextual_spacing: bool,
     /// Left/right indents are inside/outside: they swap on even pages.
     pub mirror_indents: bool,
+    /// Automatically adjust the right indent for the document grid when enabled; keep the specified right indent when disabled.
+    #[serde(default = "default_adjust_right_indent")]
+    pub adjust_right_indent: bool,
     pub keep_next: bool,
     pub keep_lines: bool,
     pub page_break_before: bool,
@@ -264,6 +271,7 @@ impl ResolvedPara {
             },
             contextual_spacing: p.contextual_spacing.unwrap_or(false),
             mirror_indents: p.mirror_indents.unwrap_or(false),
+            adjust_right_indent: p.adjust_right_indent.unwrap_or(true),
             keep_next: p.keep_next.unwrap_or(false),
             keep_lines: p.keep_lines.unwrap_or(false),
             page_break_before: p.page_break_before.unwrap_or(false),

crates/doc/src/section.rs

@@ -115,6 +115,40 @@ pub enum NumFormat {
     DollarText,
 }
 
+/// Chapter separator for page numbers (`w:chapSep`, ECMA-376 §17.18.12).
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub enum ChapterSep {
+    Hyphen,
+    Period,
+    Colon,
+    EmDash,
+    EnDash,
+}
+
+impl ChapterSep {
+    pub fn from_ooxml(value: &str) -> Option<Self> {
+        match value {
+            "hyphen" => Some(Self::Hyphen),
+            "period" => Some(Self::Period),
+            "colon" => Some(Self::Colon),
+            "emDash" => Some(Self::EmDash),
+            "enDash" => Some(Self::EnDash),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub const fn ooxml(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::Hyphen => "hyphen",
+            Self::Period => "period",
+            Self::Colon => "colon",
+            Self::EmDash => "emDash",
+            Self::EnDash => "enDash",
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 impl NumFormat {
     /// Every format, in the order ST_NumberFormat lists them (which is also the order of the
     /// binary .doc number format codes up to 0x27).
@@ -255,13 +289,14 @@ impl NumFormat {
     pub fn from_ooxml(s: &str) -> NumFormat {
         NumFormat::ALL.into_iter().find(|f| f.ooxml() == s).unwrap_or(NumFormat::Decimal)
     }
-    /// Format `n` (1-based). Formats WordCraft doesn't draw yet (Hebrew, Hindi, Thai,
-    /// Vietnamese, text amounts) show decimal, as do values past a sequence's end
-    /// (the 21st item of ①…⑳).
+    /// Format `n` (1-based). Formats WordCraft doesn't draw yet (Hebrew, Hindi, Thai letters
+    /// and counting, Vietnamese, text amounts) show decimal, as do values past a sequence's end
+    /// (the 21st item of ①…⑳). Thai numbers are the decimal number in Thai digits (๑, ๒ … ๑๐).
     pub fn format(self, n: u32) -> String {
         use crate::cjk_numbers as cjk;
         match self {
             NumFormat::DecimalZero => format!("{n:02}"),
+            NumFormat::ThaiNumbers => thai_digits(n),
             NumFormat::UpperRoman => roman(n).to_uppercase(),
             NumFormat::LowerRoman => roman(n),
             NumFormat::UpperLetter => letters(n).to_uppercase(),
@@ -315,7 +350,6 @@ impl NumFormat {
             | NumFormat::HindiNumbers
             | NumFormat::HindiCounting
             | NumFormat::ThaiLetters
-            | NumFormat::ThaiNumbers
             | NumFormat::ThaiCounting
             | NumFormat::BahtText
             | NumFormat::DollarText => n.to_string(),
@@ -323,6 +357,11 @@ impl NumFormat {
     }
 }
 
+/// `n` in Thai digits, ๐ (U+0E50) to ๙ (#5757).
+fn thai_digits(n: u32) -> String {
+    n.to_string().chars().filter_map(|c| c.to_digit(10).and_then(|d| char::from_u32(0x0E50 + d))).collect()
+}
+
 /// Chicago Manual of Style note marks: *, †, ‡, §, then doubled (**, ††, …) and so on.
 fn chicago(n: u32) -> String {
     const MARKS: [char; 4] = ['*', '\u{2020}', '\u{2021}', '\u{a7}'];
@@ -749,6 +788,9 @@ pub struct SectionProps {
     pub title_page: bool,
     pub page_num_start: Option<u32>,
     pub page_num_format: NumFormat,
+    /// Chapter heading level and separator in `w:pgNumType`.
+    pub chapter_style: Option<u8>,
+    pub chapter_sep: Option<ChapterSep>,
     /// The file carries a `w:pgNumType` element that sets nothing else (no start, decimal
     /// format), so saving writes it back rather than dropping it.
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "std::ops::Not::not")]
@@ -779,6 +821,13 @@ pub struct SectionProps {
     pub footnote_pr: NoteProps,
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "NoteProps::is_empty")]
     pub endnote_pr: NoteProps,
+    /// First-page and other-page printer trays (`w:paperSrc`).
+    pub paper_src_first: Option<u16>,
+    pub paper_src_other: Option<u16>,
+    /// Section-specific suppression of endnotes (`w:noEndnote`).
+    pub no_endnote: Option<bool>,
+    /// Independent footnote column count (`w15:footnoteColumns`).
+    pub footnote_columns: Option<u32>,
     /// Whether its columns end balanced (an ODF section's `text:dont-balance-text-columns`):
     /// `None` is Word's rule, balanced when a continuous section follows; `Some(true)` also at
     /// the end of the document, `Some(false)` never.
@@ -809,6 +858,8 @@ impl Default for SectionProps {
             title_page: false,
             page_num_start: None,
             page_num_format: NumFormat::Decimal,
+            chapter_style: None,
+            chapter_sep: None,
             page_num_set: false,
             line_numbers: None,
             valign: PageVAlign::Top,
@@ -821,6 +872,10 @@ impl Default for SectionProps {
             doc_grid: None,
             footnote_pr: NoteProps::default(),
             endnote_pr: NoteProps::default(),
+            paper_src_first: None,
+            paper_src_other: None,
+            no_endnote: None,
+            footnote_columns: None,
             balance_columns: None,
         }
     }
@@ -949,6 +1004,18 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(NumFormat::from_ooxml("klingon"), NumFormat::Decimal, "unknown formats are decimal");
     }
 
+    /// #5757: Thai numbers are the decimal number in Thai digits, every digit, at any length.
+    #[test]
+    fn thai_numbers_use_thai_digits() {
+        let labels: Vec<String> = [1, 2, 3, 9, 10, 11, 20, 105, 2569].iter().map(|n| NumFormat::ThaiNumbers.format(*n)).collect();
+        assert_eq!(labels.join(" "), "๑ ๒ ๓ ๙ ๑๐ ๑๑ ๒๐ ๑๐๕ ๒๕๖๙");
+        assert_eq!(NumFormat::ThaiNumbers.format(0), "๐");
+        assert_eq!(NumFormat::ThaiNumbers.format(u32::MAX), "๔๒๙๔๙๖๗๒๙๕");
+        assert_eq!(NumFormat::from_ooxml("thaiNumbers"), NumFormat::ThaiNumbers);
+        // Formats not drawn yet still show decimal.
+        assert_eq!(NumFormat::ThaiLetters.format(3), "3");
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn russian_letters_follow_word() {
         // Word's own labels for a russianLower list: no ё, й, ъ or ь, then doubled letters.

crates/doc/src/settings.rs

@@ -167,10 +167,22 @@ pub struct Settings {
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "std::ops::Not::not")]
     pub remove_date_time: bool,
     /// The document was opened from ODF: the standard's rules that differ from Word's apply as
-    /// it is laid out, with the choices it leaves open made as the user's profile made them
-    /// (see [`crate::odf_profile`]).
+    /// it is laid out.
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    pub odf: Option<crate::odf_profile::OdfLayout>,
+    pub odf: Option<OdfLayout>,
+}
+
+/// A document opened from ODF, for the layout: rules of the standard that differ from Word's (a
+/// paragraph's padding takes room on a side without a border, XSL's box model) apply, and what
+/// the file says about laying it out.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(default, rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct OdfLayout {
+    /// Tab stops are measured from the paragraph's left indent, default ones too (LibreOffice's
+    /// `TabsRelativeToIndent` in the file; from the margin when it doesn't say). The document's
+    /// explicit stops are held from the margin either way; the default ones are counted from the
+    /// indent.
+    pub tabs_from_indent: bool,
 }
 
 /// A saved zoom: a percentage, or a fit mode (the percentage it last came to).

crates/doc/src/smart_art.rs

@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@
 
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
+use crate::props::Rgb;
+
 /// Most items in a SmartArt graphic.
 pub const MAX_ITEMS: usize = 100;
 /// Longest item text, characters.
@@ -198,11 +200,14 @@ pub struct SmartArtItem {
     pub text: String,
     #[serde(default)]
     pub level: u8,
+    /// Fill of the item's shape in place of the style's colour.
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub color: Option<Rgb>,
 }
 
 impl SmartArtItem {
     pub fn new(text: impl Into<String>, level: u8) -> SmartArtItem {
-        SmartArtItem { text: text.into(), level }
+        SmartArtItem { text: text.into(), level, color: None }
     }
 }
 
@@ -257,6 +262,35 @@ impl SmartArtSpec {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Whether any item has its own colour.
+    pub fn has_custom_colors(&self) -> bool {
+        self.items.iter().any(|it| it.color.is_some())
+    }
+
+    /// Give every item the style's colour again.
+    pub fn clear_custom_colors(&mut self) {
+        for it in &mut self.items {
+            it.color = None;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// The theme accent (1–6) the style gives item `i`; `None` when the item has no shape of
+    /// its own (it is text inside another item's shape).
+    pub fn style_accent(&self, i: usize) -> Option<usize> {
+        let it = self.items.get(i)?;
+        let tops = || self.items.iter().take(i).filter(|o| o.level == 0).count();
+        match self.layout {
+            SmartArtLayout::Hierarchy => Some(self.colors.accent(i)),
+            SmartArtLayout::Radial if i == 0 => Some(self.colors.accent(0)),
+            SmartArtLayout::Radial => {
+                let parents = self.parents();
+                let spoke = |j: usize| j > 0 && matches!(parents.get(j), Some(Some(0)) | Some(None));
+                spoke(i).then(|| self.colors.accent((1..i).filter(|j| spoke(*j)).count() + 1))
+            }
+            _ => (it.level == 0).then(|| self.colors.accent(tops())),
+        }
+    }
+
     /// The graphic after `sanitize`.
     pub fn sanitized(mut self) -> SmartArtSpec {
         self.sanitize();

crates/doc/src/styles.rs

@@ -966,6 +966,31 @@ fn table_styles() -> Vec<Style> {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
+    use crate::resolve::ResolvedPara;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn adjust_right_indent_inherits_and_can_be_overridden() {
+        let resolved = StyleSheet::empty().resolve_para(&ParaProps::default());
+        assert!(resolved.adjust_right_indent);
+
+        let mut older_json = serde_json::to_value(&resolved).unwrap();
+        older_json.as_object_mut().unwrap().remove("adjustRightIndent");
+        assert!(serde_json::from_value::<ResolvedPara>(older_json).unwrap().adjust_right_indent);
+
+        let mut s = StyleSheet::empty();
+        s.styles.push(Style {
+            id: "Normal".into(),
+            name: "Normal".into(),
+            para: ParaProps { adjust_right_indent: Some(true), ..Default::default() },
+            ..Default::default()
+        });
+        assert!(s.resolve_para(&ParaProps::default()).adjust_right_indent);
+        assert!(!s.resolve_para(&ParaProps { adjust_right_indent: Some(false), ..Default::default() }).adjust_right_indent);
+
+        let json = serde_json::to_value(ParaProps { adjust_right_indent: Some(false), ..Default::default() }).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(json["adjustRightIndent"], false);
+        assert_eq!(serde_json::from_value::<ParaProps>(json).unwrap().adjust_right_indent, Some(false));
+    }
 
     #[test]
     fn builtins_present() {

crates/doc/src/tests.rs

@@ -19,6 +19,25 @@ fn word_count() {
     assert_eq!(count_words(" -- "), 0);
 }
 
+/// #2797: the status bar's character counts, worded like the Word Count dialog's: characters
+/// with spaces leave the paragraph breaks out, characters without spaces leave every
+/// whitespace character out.
+#[test]
+fn character_counts() {
+    assert_eq!(count_chars(""), 0);
+    assert_eq!(count_chars("Hello"), 5);
+    // Paragraph breaks join the paragraphs but aren't characters.
+    assert_eq!(count_chars("Hello\nworld\r\n"), 10);
+    assert_eq!(count_chars("a\tb"), 3, "a tab is a character");
+    // Every kind of whitespace goes, spaces, tabs and (non-ASCII) spaces between words.
+    assert_eq!(count_chars_no_spaces("Hello world"), 10);
+    assert_eq!(count_chars_no_spaces("a\tb c\u{a0}d"), 4, "including a non-breaking space");
+    assert_eq!(count_chars_no_spaces(" \n\r\t "), 0);
+    // Accented letters and emoji count as one character each, as they are.
+    assert_eq!(count_chars("café 🚀"), 6);
+    assert_eq!(count_chars_no_spaces("café 🚀"), 5);
+}
+
 /// #4547: each Han ideograph and kana counts as a word; punctuation and Hangul spacing don't change.
 #[test]
 fn word_count_counts_each_chinese_and_japanese_character() {

crates/doc/src/tests/note_conversion.rs

@@ -102,18 +102,6 @@ fn dense(n: usize) -> Document {
     d
 }
 
-// Thread CPU excludes scheduler delays. Missing or nonadvancing counters provide no timing
-// evidence; the semantic assertions still run on those platforms.
-fn cpu_cost(f: impl FnOnce()) -> Option<f64> {
-    let ran = || std::fs::read_to_string("/proc/thread-self/schedstat").ok()?.split_whitespace().next()?.parse::<u64>().ok();
-    let before = ran();
-    f();
-    match (before, ran()) {
-        (Some(a), Some(b)) if b > a => Some((b - a) as f64 * 1e-9),
-        _ => None,
-    }
-}
-
 #[test]
 fn conversion_work_scales_with_reference_and_formatting_runs() {
     let (small, big) = (dense(2_000), dense(16_000));
@@ -128,18 +116,13 @@ fn conversion_work_scales_with_reference_and_formatting_runs() {
     };
     convert(&small);
     convert(&big);
-    let (mut t1, mut t8) = (f64::INFINITY, f64::INFINITY);
-    for _ in 0..3 {
-        let a = cpu_cost(|| (0..8).for_each(|_| convert(&small)));
-        let b = cpu_cost(|| convert(&big));
-        if let (Some(a), Some(b)) = (a, b) {
-            t1 = t1.min(a / 8.0);
-            t8 = t8.min(b);
-        }
-    }
-    if t1.is_finite() && t8.is_finite() {
-        let ratio = t8 / t1;
-        eprintln!("note conversion CPU: small={t1:.6}s big={t8:.6}s ratio={ratio:.2}");
-        assert!(ratio < 24.0, "8x the references and runs cost {ratio:.2}x CPU");
-    }
+    // The characters and runs the conversion walks (`crate::work`), not a timing: about 8x for 8x
+    // the references and runs when they are walked together, about 64x when each run rescans the
+    // references.
+    let s1 = crate::work::count(|| convert(&small));
+    let s8 = crate::work::count(|| convert(&big));
+    let ratio = s8 as f64 / s1.max(1) as f64;
+    eprintln!("note conversion steps: {s1} -> {s8}, {ratio:.1}x for 8x references and runs");
+    assert!(s1 > 0, "no steps counted, so the walk this test watches no longer counts them (crate::work)");
+    assert!(ratio <= 12.0, "8x the references and runs cost {ratio:.1}x the steps ({s1} -> {s8})");
 }

crates/doc/src/text_walk.rs

@@ -35,6 +35,18 @@ fn is_cjk_word(c: char) -> bool {
     ) && c.is_alphanumeric()
 }
 
+/// Characters in `s`, as the Word Count dialog counts them ("Characters (with spaces)"):
+/// paragraph breaks aren't characters (#2797).
+pub fn count_chars(s: &str) -> usize {
+    s.chars().filter(|c| *c != '\n' && *c != '\r').count()
+}
+
+/// Characters in `s` ignoring every whitespace character, as the Word Count dialog counts them
+/// ("Characters (no spaces)"; #2797).
+pub fn count_chars_no_spaces(s: &str) -> usize {
+    s.chars().filter(|c| !c.is_whitespace()).count()
+}
+
 /// How deep in nested tables [`Document::para_paths`] goes: cells below this are skipped.
 pub(crate) const PARA_WALK_DEPTH: usize = 16;
 
@@ -51,6 +63,7 @@ pub(crate) fn walk(bl: &Blocks, prefix: &mut Vec<u32>, out: &mut Vec<Path>, dept
         return;
     }
     for (i, b) in bl.iter().enumerate() {
+        crate::work::steps(1);
         prefix.push(i as u32);
         match &**b {
             Block::Para(_) => out.push(Path(prefix.clone())),

crates/doc/src/work.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+//! A count of the characters a paragraph's object lookups walk, the blocks
+//! [`crate::Document::para_paths`] visits, and each block lookup by path with the table levels it
+//! descends, for the linear-time tests of the crates that use them: an input 8x the size must cost
+//! about 8x the steps, which a busy machine can't skew the way it skews a timing. Counted only in
+//! tests (this crate's, and other crates' through the `test-support` feature, which they turn on
+//! as a dev-dependency); in the app the count is nothing.
+
+#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
+thread_local! {
+    /// The steps counted on this thread.
+    static STEPS: std::cell::Cell<u64> = const { std::cell::Cell::new(0) };
+}
+
+/// Count `n` steps of a walk (nothing outside tests). Public for the walks other crates do over a
+/// paragraph's text themselves (Markdown and HTML comment export, for one).
+#[inline(always)]
+pub fn steps(n: usize) {
+    #[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
+    STEPS.with(|s| s.set(s.get().saturating_add(n as u64)));
+    #[cfg(not(any(test, feature = "test-support")))]
+    let _ = n;
+}
+
+/// The steps `f` takes.
+#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
+pub fn count(f: impl FnOnce()) -> u64 {
+    let before = STEPS.with(std::cell::Cell::get);
+    f();
+    STEPS.with(std::cell::Cell::get).saturating_sub(before)
+}

crates/docbin/src/drawing.rs

@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ fn leaf(sp: &Sp, w: f32, h: f32, float: Float, b: &Build, pics: &mut Pictures) -
     let p = &sp.props;
     if let Some(pib) = p.pib {
         let media = pics.bse(pib, b.bstore, b.delay)?;
-        return Some(InlineObject::Image { media, w, h, alt: p.alt.clone(), float, crop: p.crop, ole: None });
+        return Some(InlineObject::Image { media, w, h, alt: p.alt.clone(), float, crop: p.crop, fx: Default::default(), ole: None });
     }
     let story = b.stories.get(&sp.spid).copied().filter(|_| sp.textbox || sp.spt == 202);
     let mut kind = match sp.spt {

crates/docbin/src/fkp.rs

@@ -7,9 +7,26 @@ use crate::DocbinError;
 /// Largest bin table (entries) we accept.
 const MAX_BINS: usize = 100_000;
 
+/// A Chpx grpprl and the FCs `[lo, hi)` for which it is the one [`Bins::chpx`] returns.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub(crate) struct ChpxRun<'w> {
+    pub(crate) grpprl: &'w [u8],
+    lo: u32,
+    hi: u32,
+}
+
+impl ChpxRun<'_> {
+    pub(crate) fn contains(&self, fc: u32) -> bool {
+        self.lo <= fc && fc < self.hi
+    }
+}
+
 /// A parsed `PlcBte*`: FC breakpoints and the FKP page each range lives in.
 pub(crate) struct Bins {
     fcs: Vec<u32>,
+    /// `fcs` ascends, so the bin of an FC holds every FC up to the next breakpoint (a corrupt
+    /// table that does not gets no cached ranges, [`ChpxRun`]).
+    sorted: bool,
     /// Page number (× 512 = byte offset in the WordDocument stream).
     pns: Vec<u32>,
 }
@@ -20,7 +37,7 @@ impl Bins {
         let fc = fc as usize;
         let lcb = lcb as usize;
         if lcb < 4 || !(lcb - 4).is_multiple_of(8) {
-            return Ok(Bins { fcs: Vec::new(), pns: Vec::new() });
+            return Ok(Bins { fcs: Vec::new(), sorted: true, pns: Vec::new() });
         }
         let end = fc.checked_add(lcb).ok_or_else(|| DocbinError::Malformed("bin table overflow".into()))?;
         let plc = table.get(fc..end).ok_or_else(|| DocbinError::Malformed("bin table outside the Table stream".into()))?;
@@ -38,36 +55,58 @@ impl Bins {
             // PnBte* keeps the page number in its low bits; the rest must be zero.
             pns.push(at(n + 1 + i).ok_or_else(|| DocbinError::Malformed("truncated bin aPn".into()))? & 0x003F_FFFF);
         }
-        Ok(Bins { fcs, pns })
+        let sorted = fcs.windows(2).all(|w| w.first() <= w.get(1));
+        Ok(Bins { fcs, sorted, pns })
     }
 
-    /// The page containing `fc`, as a slice of the WordDocument stream.
-    fn page<'w>(&self, word: &'w [u8], fc: u32) -> Option<&'w [u8]> {
+    /// The page containing `fc`, as a slice of the WordDocument stream, and the FC range
+    /// `[lo, hi)` of its bin (`hi` is `u32::MAX` for the last; an empty range when the table
+    /// is not ascending, so nothing is cached from it).
+    fn page<'w>(&self, word: &'w [u8], fc: u32) -> Option<(&'w [u8], u32, u32)> {
         let i = self.fcs.partition_point(|&f| f <= fc).checked_sub(1)?;
         let pn = *self.pns.get(i)?;
         let at = pn.checked_mul(512)? as usize;
-        word.get(at..at.checked_add(512)?)
+        let page = word.get(at..at.checked_add(512)?)?;
+        if !self.sorted {
+            return Some((page, 1, 0));
+        }
+        let lo = self.fcs.get(i).copied().unwrap_or(0);
+        let hi = self.fcs.get(i + 1).copied().unwrap_or(u32::MAX);
+        Some((page, lo, hi))
     }
 
     /// The grpprl of the Chpx covering `fc` ([MS-DOC] ChpxFkp: rgfc u32s, rgb offsets ×2,
     /// crun in the last byte).
     pub(crate) fn chpx<'w>(&self, word: &'w [u8], fc: u32) -> &'w [u8] {
-        let Some(page) = self.page(word, fc) else { return &[] };
-        let Some(&crun) = page.get(511) else { return &[] };
+        self.chpx_run(word, fc).grpprl
+    }
+
+    /// [`Bins::chpx`] with the FC range over which the same grpprl is the answer, so a walk
+    /// over consecutive characters looks it up once per run, not once per character.
+    pub(crate) fn chpx_run<'w>(&self, word: &'w [u8], fc: u32) -> ChpxRun<'w> {
+        let none = ChpxRun { grpprl: &[], lo: 1, hi: 0 };
+        let Some((page, page_lo, page_hi)) = self.page(word, fc) else { return none };
+        let Some(&crun) = page.get(511) else { return none };
         let crun = crun.min(0x65) as usize;
         let rgfc = |i: usize| -> Option<u32> { page.get(i * 4..i * 4 + 4).map(|b| u32::from_le_bytes([b[0], b[1], b[2], b[3]])) };
         // rgb array sits right after rgfc (crun+1 u32s); each byte is a half-offset into the
         // region between rgb's end and crun.
         let rgb_at = (crun + 1) * 4;
+        // The last run starting at or before `fc`. It stays the answer for every FC from its own
+        // start up to the smallest start after it (also in a page whose starts do not ascend).
         let j = (0..crun).rev().find(|&j| rgfc(j).is_some_and(|f| f <= fc));
-        let Some(j) = j else { return &[] };
-        let Some(&off) = page.get(rgb_at + j) else { return &[] };
+        let first_after = j.map_or(0, |j| j + 1);
+        let hi = (first_after..crun).filter_map(rgfc).min().map_or(page_hi, |m| m.min(page_hi));
+        let lo = j.and_then(rgfc).map_or(page_lo, |f| f.max(page_lo));
+        let run = |grpprl: &'w [u8]| ChpxRun { grpprl, lo, hi };
+        let Some(j) = j else { return run(&[]) };
+        let Some(&off) = page.get(rgb_at + j) else { return run(&[]) };
         if off == 0 {
-            return &[];
+            return run(&[]);
         }
         let at = off as usize * 2;
-        let Some(&cb) = page.get(at) else { return &[] };
-        page.get(at + 1..at + 1 + cb as usize).unwrap_or(&[])
+        let Some(&cb) = page.get(at) else { return run(&[]) };
+        run(page.get(at + 1..at + 1 + cb as usize).unwrap_or(&[]))
     }
 
     /// The (istd, grpprl) of the Papx of the paragraph whose mark is just before `fc`
@@ -75,7 +114,7 @@ impl Bins {
     /// entries (1 offset byte + 12 PHE bytes), crun in the last byte; the PAPX itself is a
     /// PapxInFkp with the cb/cb' size quirk). Query with the FC of the character after the mark.
     pub(crate) fn papx<'w>(&self, word: &'w [u8], fc: u32) -> (u16, &'w [u8]) {
-        let Some(page) = self.page(word, fc) else { return (0, &[]) };
+        let Some((page, _, _)) = self.page(word, fc) else { return (0, &[]) };
         let Some(&crun) = page.get(511) else { return (0, &[]) };
         // BX is 13 bytes; cap crun at what fits before byte 511.
         let max_run = (511usize.saturating_sub((crun as usize + 1) * 4)) / 13;

crates/docbin/src/lib.rs

@@ -51,6 +51,14 @@ const MAX_PARTS: usize = 50_000;
 /// headers, notes, text boxes), whatever the file's size. The working budget is tied to the
 /// WordDocument stream (see [`read`]); this caps even a maximal stream.
 const MAX_TOTAL_CHARS: u64 = 64 << 20;
+/// Most paragraph and cell marks across every story walk of one document. The character
+/// budget does not see them: a mark is one byte of the file but about 1 KB of document, so a
+/// file of nothing but marks would grow memory about a thousand times faster than its size.
+/// The cap bounds a flood to about 2 GB while reading (about 4 GB at the very cap, when the
+/// blocks are assembled). Past it the read fails with [`DocbinError::Limit`]. Real documents stay far below it:
+/// 50 paragraphs on each of 10,000 pages is 500,000, and a 10,000-page one-column table (46
+/// rows, each a cell mark plus a row mark) is about 920,000.
+const MAX_PARAGRAPHS: usize = 2_000_000;
 /// Bytes of repeated work per document beyond the text itself: piece Prm grpprls (Prcs, up
 /// to 64 KB each) interpreted (#3692), hyperlink targets (#3708), picture alt text (#3709)
 /// and floating objects (#3710) copied into every run or anchor. Past it Prms are skipped,
@@ -195,6 +203,12 @@ pub fn read(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<Document, DocbinError> {
 /// verifier ([`DocbinError::WrongPassword`] when it does not match) and then decrypted. The
 /// password is ignored for an unprotected file.
 pub fn read_with_password(bytes: &[u8], password: Option<&str>) -> Result<Document, DocbinError> {
+    read_limited(bytes, password, MAX_PARAGRAPHS)
+}
+
+/// [`read_with_password`] with the paragraph cap as a parameter, so tests need not build a
+/// file of [`MAX_PARAGRAPHS`] marks.
+fn read_limited(bytes: &[u8], password: Option<&str>, max_paragraphs: usize) -> Result<Document, DocbinError> {
     let mut comp = open_container(bytes)?;
     let mut word = stream(&mut comp, "WordDocument").ok_or_else(|| DocbinError::NotWord("no WordDocument stream".into()))?;
     if word.len() as u64 > MAX_STREAM {
@@ -270,6 +284,7 @@ pub fn read_with_password(bytes: &[u8], password: Option<&str>) -> Result<Docume
     // tight against aliasing — and never past the absolute ceiling.
     let budget = std::cell::Cell::new((word.len() as u64).saturating_mul(2).min(MAX_TOTAL_CHARS));
     let work = Work::new(MAX_WORK);
+    let paragraphs = ParaBudget { left: std::cell::Cell::new(max_paragraphs), exceeded: std::cell::Cell::new(false) };
 
     let ctx = WalkCtx {
         word: &word,
@@ -285,6 +300,7 @@ pub fn read_with_password(bytes: &[u8], password: Option<&str>) -> Result<Docume
         drawn: &[],
         sect_ends: &[],
         budget: &budget,
+        paragraphs: &paragraphs,
         work: &work,
     };
 
@@ -304,7 +320,7 @@ pub fn read_with_password(bytes: &[u8], password: Option<&str>) -> Result<Docume
             if doc.parts.len() >= MAX_PARTS || tb_stories.contains_key(&spid) {
                 continue;
             }
-            let blocks = table::assemble(walk(&ctx, a, b, &mut pics));
+            let blocks = story_blocks(&ctx, a, b, &mut pics, max_paragraphs)?;
             tb_stories.insert(spid, doc.add_part(PartKind::TextBox, blocks));
         }
     }
@@ -329,7 +345,7 @@ pub fn read_with_password(bytes: &[u8], password: Option<&str>) -> Result<Docume
                 0 | 1 | 4 => PartKind::Header,
                 _ => PartKind::Footer,
             };
-            let blocks = table::assemble(walk(&ctx, a, b, &mut pics));
+            let blocks = story_blocks(&ctx, a, b, &mut pics, max_paragraphs)?;
             if !blocks.is_empty() {
                 let id = doc.add_part(kind, blocks);
                 hf_ids.push((si, k, id));
@@ -342,7 +358,7 @@ pub fn read_with_password(bytes: &[u8], password: Option<&str>) -> Result<Docume
     let mut note_links: Vec<(u32, NoteKind, u32)> = Vec::new();
     for (cp, ab) in notes::parse_notes(&table, &fib, fib::pair::PLCF_FND_REF, fib::pair::PLCF_FND_TXT) {
         let Some((a, b)) = story(ftn_base, fib.ccp.ftn, ab) else { continue };
-        let blocks = table::assemble(walk(&ctx, a, b, &mut pics));
+        let blocks = story_blocks(&ctx, a, b, &mut pics, max_paragraphs)?;
         if !blocks.is_empty() && doc.parts.len() < MAX_PARTS {
             let id = doc.add_part(PartKind::Footnote, blocks);
             note_links.push((cp, NoteKind::Footnote, id));
@@ -350,7 +366,7 @@ pub fn read_with_password(bytes: &[u8], password: Option<&str>) -> Result<Docume
     }
     for (cp, ab) in notes::parse_notes(&table, &fib, fib::pair::PLCF_END_REF, fib::pair::PLCF_END_TXT) {
         let Some((a, b)) = story(edn_base, fib.ccp.edn, ab) else { continue };
-        let blocks = table::assemble(walk(&ctx, a, b, &mut pics));
+        let blocks = story_blocks(&ctx, a, b, &mut pics, max_paragraphs)?;
         if !blocks.is_empty() && doc.parts.len() < MAX_PARTS {
             let id = doc.add_part(PartKind::Endnote, blocks);
             note_links.push((cp, NoteKind::Endnote, id));
@@ -393,6 +409,9 @@ pub fn read_with_password(bytes: &[u8], password: Option<&str>) -> Result<Docume
         doc.last_section = l;
     }
 
+    if paragraphs.exceeded.get() {
+        return Err(paragraph_limit(max_paragraphs));
+    }
     doc.media.extend(pics.media);
     doc.body = table::assemble(paras);
     doc.ensure_nonempty();
@@ -400,6 +419,20 @@ pub fn read_with_password(bytes: &[u8], password: Option<&str>) -> Result<Docume
     Ok(doc)
 }
 
+fn paragraph_limit(max_paragraphs: usize) -> DocbinError {
+    DocbinError::Limit(format!("the document has more than {max_paragraphs} paragraphs and table cells"))
+}
+
+/// Walks one story into blocks. A walk that spent the shared paragraph budget is refused before
+/// its partial list is assembled, so a flood does not build blocks it will throw away.
+fn story_blocks(ctx: &WalkCtx<'_>, a: u32, b: u32, pics: &mut media::Pictures, max_paragraphs: usize) -> Result<wordcraft_doc::Blocks, DocbinError> {
+    let paras = walk(ctx, a, b, pics);
+    if ctx.paragraphs.exceeded.get() {
+        return Err(paragraph_limit(max_paragraphs));
+    }
+    Ok(table::assemble(paras))
+}
+
 /// A story's CP range `[a, b)`, relative to a subdocument starting at `base` with `len`
 /// CPs, as absolute CPs clamped to that subdocument; `None` when empty.
 fn story(base: u32, len: u32, (a, b): (u32, u32)) -> Option<(u32, u32)> {
@@ -433,10 +466,35 @@ struct WalkCtx<'a> {
     /// footnotes, text boxes) are hostile and can each span a whole subdocument, so thousands of
     /// them could otherwise materialise the same text thousands of times; this bounds the total.
     budget: &'a std::cell::Cell<u64>,
+    /// Paragraph and cell marks still allowed across every story walk ([`MAX_PARAGRAPHS`]).
+    paragraphs: &'a ParaBudget,
     /// Repeated-work bytes left ([`MAX_WORK`]), and what they left out.
     work: &'a Work,
 }
 
+/// The paragraph and cell marks still allowed in this document, and whether a walk ran into
+/// the end of them (the read then fails).
+struct ParaBudget {
+    left: std::cell::Cell<usize>,
+    exceeded: std::cell::Cell<bool>,
+}
+
+impl ParaBudget {
+    /// Spends one mark; false (and the overrun noted) when none are left.
+    fn spend(&self) -> bool {
+        match self.left.get().checked_sub(1) {
+            Some(left) => {
+                self.left.set(left);
+                true
+            }
+            None => {
+                self.exceeded.set(true);
+                false
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// State while assembling one paragraph from per-CP formatting.
 #[derive(Default)]
 struct ParaBuild {
@@ -444,29 +502,37 @@ struct ParaBuild {
     runs: Vec<Run>,
     props: wordcraft_doc::props::ParaProps,
     mark: CharProps,
-    /// The current run's properties, so runs only break when formatting changes.
-    cur: Option<CharProps>,
+    /// Which resolved formatting ([`FmtState::generation`]) the last character came from, while
+    /// the last run is still the one it extended: the same generation means equal properties.
+    run_gen: Option<u64>,
     /// Inline objects, each anchored at a U+FFFC pushed into `text`.
     objects: Vec<InlineObject>,
 }
 
 impl ParaBuild {
     fn push(&mut self, c: char, props: CharProps) {
+        self.run_gen = None;
         let len = c.len_utf8();
-        match &self.cur {
-            Some(p) if *p == props => {
-                if let Some(r) = self.runs.last_mut() {
-                    r.len += len;
-                }
-            }
-            _ => {
-                self.runs.push(Run { len, props: props.clone() });
-                self.cur = Some(props);
-            }
+        match self.runs.last_mut() {
+            Some(r) if r.props == props => r.len += len,
+            _ => self.runs.push(Run { len, props }),
         }
         self.text.push(c);
     }
 
+    /// [`ParaBuild::push`] for properties that are resolved once and shared by many characters:
+    /// they are cloned only when a run starts, and not even compared while `generation` stays
+    /// the same.
+    fn push_shared(&mut self, c: char, props: &CharProps, generation: u64) {
+        let len = c.len_utf8();
+        match self.runs.last_mut() {
+            Some(r) if self.run_gen == Some(generation) || r.props == *props => r.len += len,
+            _ => self.runs.push(Run { len, props: props.clone() }),
+        }
+        self.run_gen = Some(generation);
+        self.text.push(c);
+    }
+
     /// Append `c` to the current run, whose properties the caller knows it matches.
     fn extend(&mut self, c: char) {
         if let Some(r) = self.runs.last_mut() {
@@ -494,7 +560,7 @@ fn walk<'a>(ctx: &WalkCtx<'a>, cp_start: u32, cp_end: u32, pics: &mut media::Pic
     // Field assembly state: instruction characters are swallowed, the result is kept until
     // the end character, then emitted as one object (hyperlinks keep their result text).
     let mut field: Option<FieldBuild> = None;
-    let mut memo: Option<FmtMemo<'a>> = None;
+    let mut fmt = FmtState::default();
     while cp < cp_end {
         // Bookmark boundaries at this CP (main-document walks only; subdocument walks get
         // an empty table and `cp` never matches the main-document CPs).
@@ -527,6 +593,9 @@ fn walk<'a>(ctx: &WalkCtx<'a>, cp_start: u32, cp_end: u32, pics: &mut media::Pic
         let section_mark = c == '\u{C}' && ctx.sect_ends.binary_search(&cp.saturating_add(1)).is_ok();
         match c {
             '\r' | '\u{7}' | '\u{C}' if c != '\u{C}' || section_mark => {
+                if !ctx.paragraphs.spend() {
+                    break;
+                }
                 // Paragraph mark: its PAPX covers the FC range of the paragraph it ends, so
                 // querying at the mark's own FC finds that paragraph's properties.
                 let fc_mark = ctx.pieces.fc_of_cp(cp).unwrap_or(0);
@@ -536,6 +605,9 @@ fn walk<'a>(ctx: &WalkCtx<'a>, cp_start: u32, cp_end: u32, pics: &mut media::Pic
                 }
                 let mut row = table::decode(papx);
                 row.cell_mark = c == '\u{7}';
+                // Only table marks keep their table context; a plain paragraph would carry
+                // a `RowInfo` (about 300 bytes) it never uses.
+                let row = row.is_table().then(|| Box::new(row));
                 let mut ilvl = 0u8;
                 let mut ilfo = 0i32;
                 for prl in sprm::iter(papx) {
@@ -589,7 +661,7 @@ fn walk<'a>(ctx: &WalkCtx<'a>, cp_start: u32, cp_end: u32, pics: &mut media::Pic
                     && f.depth == 1
                     && f.sep.is_none()
                 {
-                    f.sep = Some(Vec::new());
+                    f.sep = Some(FieldResult::default());
                 }
                 cp = cp.saturating_add(1);
                 continue;
@@ -623,6 +695,7 @@ fn walk<'a>(ctx: &WalkCtx<'a>, cp_start: u32, cp_end: u32, pics: &mut media::Pic
                             alt,
                             float: Default::default(),
                             crop: p.crop,
+                            fx: Default::default(),
                             ole: None,
                         });
                     }
@@ -650,16 +723,16 @@ fn walk<'a>(ctx: &WalkCtx<'a>, cp_start: u32, cp_end: u32, pics: &mut media::Pic
                     pb.objects.push(InlineObject::NoteRef { kind: *kind, id: *id, custom: String::new() });
                 }
             }
-            '\t' => push_formatted(&mut pb, cp, '\t', ctx, field.as_mut(), &mut memo),
-            '\u{B}' => push_formatted(&mut pb, cp, '\n', ctx, field.as_mut(), &mut memo),
-            '\u{C}' => push_formatted(&mut pb, cp, '\u{C}', ctx, field.as_mut(), &mut memo),
-            '\u{E}' => push_formatted(&mut pb, cp, '\u{E}', ctx, field.as_mut(), &mut memo),
-            '\u{1E}' => push_formatted(&mut pb, cp, '\u{2011}', ctx, field.as_mut(), &mut memo),
-            '\u{1F}' => push_formatted(&mut pb, cp, '\u{AD}', ctx, field.as_mut(), &mut memo),
+            '\t' => push_formatted(&mut pb, cp, '\t', ctx, field.as_mut(), &mut fmt),
+            '\u{B}' => push_formatted(&mut pb, cp, '\n', ctx, field.as_mut(), &mut fmt),
+            '\u{C}' => push_formatted(&mut pb, cp, '\u{C}', ctx, field.as_mut(), &mut fmt),
+            '\u{E}' => push_formatted(&mut pb, cp, '\u{E}', ctx, field.as_mut(), &mut fmt),
+            '\u{1E}' => push_formatted(&mut pb, cp, '\u{2011}', ctx, field.as_mut(), &mut fmt),
+            '\u{1F}' => push_formatted(&mut pb, cp, '\u{AD}', ctx, field.as_mut(), &mut fmt),
             // Object anchors, comment references and other special characters are dropped
             // (or handled by later passes).
             c if (c as u32) < 0x20 => {}
-            c => push_formatted(&mut pb, cp, c, ctx, field.as_mut(), &mut memo),
+            c => push_formatted(&mut pb, cp, c, ctx, field.as_mut(), &mut fmt),
         }
         cp = cp.saturating_add(units);
     }
@@ -668,7 +741,7 @@ fn walk<'a>(ctx: &WalkCtx<'a>, cp_start: u32, cp_end: u32, pics: &mut media::Pic
         out.push(ParaOut {
             para: Paragraph { text: done.text, runs: done.runs, props: done.props, mark: done.mark, objects: done.objects, ..Default::default() },
             end_cp: cp_end,
-            row: table::RowInfo::default(),
+            row: None,
         });
     }
     out
@@ -679,7 +752,28 @@ fn walk<'a>(ctx: &WalkCtx<'a>, cp_start: u32, cp_end: u32, pics: &mut media::Pic
 struct FieldBuild {
     depth: u32,
     instr: String,
-    sep: Option<Vec<(char, CharProps)>>,
+    sep: Option<FieldResult>,
+}
+
+/// A field's cached result: its text and, as runs, the formatting of that text. A run is added
+/// only when the formatting changes, so a result of millions of equally formatted characters
+/// costs one `CharProps`, not one per character (365 bytes each).
+#[derive(Default)]
+struct FieldResult {
+    text: String,
+    /// (byte length in `text`, formatting) in order; adjacent runs differ.
+    runs: Vec<(usize, CharProps)>,
+}
+
+impl FieldResult {
+    fn push(&mut self, c: char, props: CharProps) {
+        let len = c.len_utf8();
+        match self.runs.last_mut() {
+            Some((n, last)) if *last == props => *n += len,
+            _ => self.runs.push((len, props)),
+        }
+        self.text.push(c);
+    }
 }
 
 /// Bytes a clone of `obj` copies: the object itself plus a picture's alt text, a group with all
@@ -704,24 +798,26 @@ fn finish_field(pb: &mut ParaBuild, f: FieldBuild, work: &Work) {
     let result = f.sep.unwrap_or_default();
     if let Some(target) = hyperlink_target(&instr) {
         let cost = target.len() as u64;
-        let mut run: Option<CharProps> = None;
-        for (c, props) in result {
-            if run.as_ref() == Some(&props) {
-                pb.extend(c);
-                continue;
-            }
-            let mut linked = props.clone();
+        let mut chars = result.text.chars();
+        for (len, props) in result.runs {
+            let mut linked = props;
             if work.charge(cost, Cost::LinkTarget) {
                 linked.link = Some(target.clone());
             }
-            pb.push(c, linked);
-            run = Some(props);
+            let mut left = len;
+            let Some(first) = chars.next() else { break };
+            pb.push(first, linked);
+            left = left.saturating_sub(first.len_utf8());
+            while left > 0 {
+                let Some(c) = chars.next() else { break };
+                pb.extend(c);
+                left = left.saturating_sub(c.len_utf8());
+            }
         }
         return;
     }
-    let result_text: String = result.iter().map(|(c, _)| *c).collect();
     pb.push('\u{FFFC}', CharProps::default());
-    pb.objects.push(InlineObject::Field { instr, result: result_text, locked: false, dirty: false, code: false, form: String::new() });
+    pb.objects.push(InlineObject::Field { instr, result: result.text, locked: false, dirty: false, code: false, form: String::new() });
 }
 
 /// `sprmCPicLocation` from a CHPX grpprl: the fc of the picture in the Data stream.
@@ -766,34 +862,53 @@ fn num_of(ilfo: i32) -> Option<u32> {
 /// plus the piece's Prm, over the paragraph style's base character props. Inside a field,
 /// the character is recorded into the instruction or the cached result instead of (or as
 /// well as) the visible text.
-fn push_formatted<'a>(pb: &mut ParaBuild, cp: u32, c: char, ctx: &WalkCtx<'a>, field: Option<&mut FieldBuild>, memo: &mut Option<FmtMemo<'a>>) {
-    let fc = ctx.pieces.fc_of_cp(cp).unwrap_or(0);
-    let grpprl = ctx.chpx_bins.chpx(ctx.word, fc);
-    let prm = ctx.pieces.prm_of(cp);
-    let style = pb.props.style.as_deref();
-    let mut props = match memo.as_ref().filter(|m| std::ptr::eq(m.chpx, grpprl) && m.prm == prm && m.style.as_deref() == style) {
-        Some(m) => m.props.clone(),
+fn push_formatted<'a>(pb: &mut ParaBuild, cp: u32, c: char, ctx: &WalkCtx<'a>, field: Option<&mut FieldBuild>, st: &mut FmtState<'a>) {
+    // The piece and the CHPX run of the previous character usually cover this one too.
+    let span = match st.span.filter(|s| s.contains(cp)) {
+        Some(s) => Some(s),
         None => {
-            let default;
-            let base = match style.and_then(|id| ctx.sheet.get(id)) {
-                Some(st) => &st.chr,
-                None => {
-                    default = CharProps::default();
-                    &default
-                }
-            };
-            let mut props = char_props(grpprl, ctx.fonts, base);
-            apply_prm(&mut props, ctx.pieces.piece_prm(cp), ctx.fonts, base, ctx.work);
-            *memo = Some(FmtMemo { chpx: grpprl, prm, style: style.map(str::to_owned), props: props.clone() });
-            props
+            st.span = ctx.pieces.span(cp);
+            st.span
         }
     };
+    let fc = span.and_then(|s| s.fc_at(cp)).unwrap_or(0);
+    let run = match st.chpx.filter(|r| r.contains(fc)) {
+        Some(r) => r,
+        None => {
+            let r = ctx.chpx_bins.chpx_run(ctx.word, fc);
+            st.chpx = Some(r);
+            r
+        }
+    };
+    let grpprl = run.grpprl;
+    let prm = span.map_or(0, |s| s.prm());
+    let style = pb.props.style.as_deref();
+    let hit = st.memo.as_ref().is_some_and(|m| std::ptr::eq(m.chpx, grpprl) && m.prm == prm && m.style.as_deref() == style);
+    if !hit {
+        let default;
+        let base = match style.and_then(|id| ctx.sheet.get(id)) {
+            Some(sty) => &sty.chr,
+            None => {
+                default = CharProps::default();
+                &default
+            }
+        };
+        let mut props = char_props(grpprl, ctx.fonts, base);
+        apply_prm(&mut props, ctx.pieces.piece_prm(cp), ctx.fonts, base, ctx.work);
+        st.memo = Some(FmtMemo { chpx: grpprl, prm, style: style.map(str::to_owned), props });
+        st.generation += 1;
+    }
+    let Some(m) = st.memo.as_ref() else { return };
     // A symbol character (Insert › Symbol) is stored as the placeholder U+0028 with
     // sprmCSymbol carrying the font and the character code ([MS-DOC] §2.6.1).
+    let symbol = if c == '(' { symbol_operand(grpprl) } else { None };
+    if field.is_none() && symbol.is_none() {
+        pb.push_shared(c, &m.props, st.generation);
+        return;
+    }
+    let mut props = m.props.clone();
     let mut c = c;
-    if c == '('
-        && let Some((ftc, xchar)) = symbol_operand(grpprl)
-    {
+    if let Some((ftc, xchar)) = symbol {
         if let Some(font) = ctx.fonts.get(usize::from(ftc)) {
             props.font = Some(font.clone());
         }
@@ -805,13 +920,25 @@ fn push_formatted<'a>(pb: &mut ParaBuild, cp: u32, c: char, ctx: &WalkCtx<'a>, f
         Some(f) => match f.sep.as_mut() {
             // Inside a field, characters are recorded for the field object instead of shown;
             // `finish_field` emits the visible text (hyperlink runs or one object anchor).
-            Some(result) => result.push((c, props)),
+            Some(result) => result.push(c, props),
             None => f.instr.push(c),
         },
         None => pb.push(c, props),
     }
 }
 
+/// What the walk carries from one character to the next while it resolves formatting: the piece
+/// and the CHPX run the last character was in (so most characters need no search), and the last
+/// formatting resolved.
+#[derive(Default)]
+struct FmtState<'a> {
+    span: Option<piece::PieceSpan<'a>>,
+    chpx: Option<fkp::ChpxRun<'a>>,
+    memo: Option<FmtMemo<'a>>,
+    /// Counts the memo's replacements, so equal values mean the same properties.
+    generation: u64,
+}
+
 /// The last character formatting resolved, reused while the CHPX, the piece's Prm and the
 /// paragraph style stay the same, so a Prm grpprl (up to 64 KB) is interpreted once per
 /// formatting change, not once per character (#3692).

crates/docbin/src/piece.rs

@@ -117,12 +117,6 @@ impl PieceTable {
         }
     }
 
-    /// The raw Prm of the piece holding `cp` (0, no properties, when there is none): two CPs
-    /// with the same value get the same [`PrmRef`].
-    pub(crate) fn prm_of(&self, cp: u32) -> u16 {
-        self.piece_of(cp).map_or(0, |p| p.prm)
-    }
-
     fn piece_of(&self, cp: u32) -> Option<&Pcd> {
         let i = self.cps.partition_point(|&c| c <= cp).checked_sub(1)?;
         if i >= self.pieces.len() {
@@ -143,6 +137,17 @@ impl PieceTable {
         if p.compressed { p.fc.checked_add(step)?.checked_div(2) } else { p.fc.checked_add(step) }
     }
 
+    /// The piece holding `cp`, with the CP range it covers: for every CP in that range the
+    /// answers of [`PieceTable::fc_of_cp`] and the piece's Prm come from this span alone,
+    /// so a sequential walk searches the piece table once per piece.
+    pub(crate) fn span(&self, cp: u32) -> Option<PieceSpan<'_>> {
+        let i = self.cps.partition_point(|&c| c <= cp).checked_sub(1)?;
+        let pcd = self.pieces.get(i)?;
+        let cp_lo = *self.cps.get(i)?;
+        let cp_hi = *self.cps.get(i + 1)?;
+        Some(PieceSpan { cp_lo, cp_hi, pcd })
+    }
+
     /// The CP just past the last piece: no text exists at or beyond it.
     pub(crate) fn cp_end(&self) -> u32 {
         self.cps.last().copied().unwrap_or(0)
@@ -187,6 +192,31 @@ impl PieceTable {
     }
 }
 
+/// One piece and the CPs `[cp_lo, cp_hi)` it covers ([`PieceTable::span`]).
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub(crate) struct PieceSpan<'a> {
+    cp_lo: u32,
+    cp_hi: u32,
+    pcd: &'a Pcd,
+}
+
+impl PieceSpan<'_> {
+    pub(crate) fn contains(&self, cp: u32) -> bool {
+        self.cp_lo <= cp && cp < self.cp_hi
+    }
+
+    /// [`PieceTable::fc_of_cp`] for a CP inside the span.
+    pub(crate) fn fc_at(&self, cp: u32) -> Option<u32> {
+        let step = cp.checked_sub(self.cp_lo)?.checked_mul(2)?;
+        if self.pcd.compressed { self.pcd.fc.checked_add(step)?.checked_div(2) } else { self.pcd.fc.checked_add(step) }
+    }
+
+    /// The raw Prm of the piece: two CPs with the same value get the same [`PrmRef`].
+    pub(crate) fn prm(&self) -> u16 {
+        self.pcd.prm
+    }
+}
+
 /// What a piece's `Prm` refers to.
 pub(crate) enum PrmRef<'a> {
     None,

crates/docbin/src/table.rs

@@ -83,6 +83,11 @@ pub(crate) struct RowInfo {
 
 /// Read the table context out of a paragraph mark's PAPX grpprl.
 impl RowInfo {
+    /// Does the mark belong to a table: inside one, ending a row, or ending a cell?
+    pub(crate) fn is_table(&self) -> bool {
+        self.in_table || self.ttp || self.cell_mark
+    }
+
     /// The row height from `sprmTDyaRowHeight`, for tests.
     #[cfg(test)]
     pub(crate) fn height(&self) -> Option<f32> {
@@ -263,8 +268,8 @@ pub(crate) struct ParaOut {
     pub(crate) para: Paragraph,
     /// CP just past the terminating mark.
     pub(crate) end_cp: u32,
-    /// Table context from the mark's PAPX (empty default = not in a table).
-    pub(crate) row: RowInfo,
+    /// Table context from the mark's PAPX; `None` for a paragraph outside a table.
+    pub(crate) row: Option<Box<RowInfo>>,
 }
 
 /// Group consecutive in-table paragraphs into [`Table`] blocks; the rest pass through.
@@ -369,9 +374,7 @@ pub(crate) fn assemble(paras: Vec<ParaOut>) -> Blocks {
     }
 
     for p in paras {
-        let info = p.row;
-        let is_table = info.in_table || info.ttp || info.cell_mark;
-        if !is_table {
+        let Some(info) = p.row else {
             if open {
                 flush_table(&mut out, &mut rows, &mut cells, &mut cell, &grid, &props, depth_seen > 1);
                 grid.clear();
@@ -386,7 +389,7 @@ pub(crate) fn assemble(paras: Vec<ParaOut>) -> Blocks {
             }
             out.push(para_block(p.para));
             continue;
-        }
+        };
         if !open {
             open = true;
         }

crates/docbin/src/tests.rs

@@ -116,6 +116,12 @@ fn piece_bytes(p: &Piece) -> Vec<u8> {
 
 /// A document whose main text is the given pieces (extra subdocument text may follow).
 fn text_doc(main: &[Piece], extra: &[Piece], ccp_hdd: u32) -> Vec<u8> {
+    text_doc_with(main, extra, FibSpec { ccp_hdd, ..Default::default() }, &[])
+}
+
+/// [`text_doc`] with the FIB knobs given (`ccp_text` is filled in from `main`; `pairs` must be empty) and extra
+/// Table-stream data placed after the piece table: `(pair index, bytes)` for each.
+fn text_doc_with(main: &[Piece], extra: &[Piece], spec: FibSpec, table_data: &[(usize, &[u8])]) -> Vec<u8> {
     let all: Vec<Piece> = main.iter().chain(extra.iter()).cloned().collect();
     let ccp_text: u32 = main.iter().map(|p| p.text.chars().count() as u32).sum();
     let mut word = vec![0u8; TEXT_FC as usize];
@@ -128,7 +134,13 @@ fn text_doc(main: &[Piece], extra: &[Piece], ccp_hdd: u32) -> Vec<u8> {
     clx.extend_from_slice(&plc);
     let mut table = vec![0u8; CLX_AT as usize];
     table.extend_from_slice(&clx);
-    let spec = FibSpec { ccp_text, ccp_hdd, pairs: vec![(33, CLX_AT, clx.len() as u32)], ..Default::default() };
+    let mut pairs = vec![(33, CLX_AT, clx.len() as u32)];
+    for (pair, bytes) in table_data {
+        pairs.push((*pair, table.len() as u32, bytes.len() as u32));
+        table.extend_from_slice(bytes);
+    }
+    debug_assert!(spec.pairs.is_empty(), "text_doc_with sets the pairs itself");
+    let spec = FibSpec { ccp_text, pairs, ..spec };
     word[..fib_bytes(&spec).len()].copy_from_slice(&fib_bytes(&spec));
     cfb_file(&[("WordDocument", &word), ("0Table", &table)])
 }
@@ -247,6 +259,77 @@ fn empty_paragraphs_kept() {
     assert_eq!(body_texts(&doc), ["a", "", "b"]);
 }
 
+/// A document of `n` copies of `mark` as one compressed piece.
+fn marks_doc(mark: char, n: usize) -> Vec<u8> {
+    text_doc(&[Piece { compressed: true, text: mark.to_string().repeat(n) }], &[], 0)
+}
+
+/// Paragraph marks are one byte each in the file but about 1 KB each in memory, so they have
+/// their own cap ([`super::MAX_PARAGRAPHS`]); a file past it is refused instead of growing
+/// until the machine runs out. A document exactly at the cap still opens.
+#[test]
+fn a_flood_of_paragraph_marks_is_refused() {
+    let at_cap = super::read_limited(&marks_doc('\r', 1000), None, 1000).expect("opens");
+    assert_eq!(at_cap.body.len(), 1000);
+    let over = super::read_limited(&marks_doc('\r', 1001), None, 1000);
+    assert!(matches!(over, Err(crate::DocbinError::Limit(_))), "{over:?}");
+}
+
+/// The paragraph cap is one budget for the whole document, not one per story: marks in the
+/// body and in a footnote add up. (A walk that got its own budget would open both over-cap files.)
+#[test]
+fn the_paragraph_cap_is_shared_by_the_body_and_a_footnote() {
+    // One footnote at CP 0 whose text is `note` marks, stored right after the body in the stream.
+    let doc_of = |body: usize, note: usize| {
+        let cps = |v: &[u32]| v.iter().flat_map(|c| c.to_le_bytes()).collect::<Vec<u8>>();
+        let mut refs = cps(&[0, 1]);
+        refs.extend_from_slice(&[0, 0]); // the one reference's data
+        let txt = cps(&[0, note as u32, note as u32]); // story 0..note, then the limit
+        let spec = FibSpec { ccp_ftn: note as u32, ..Default::default() };
+        text_doc_with(
+            &[Piece { compressed: true, text: "\r".repeat(body) }],
+            &[Piece { compressed: true, text: "\r".repeat(note) }],
+            spec,
+            &[(2, &refs), (3, &txt)],
+        )
+    };
+    let at_cap = super::read_limited(&doc_of(600, 400), None, 1000).expect("opens");
+    assert_eq!(at_cap.body.len(), 600);
+    assert_eq!(at_cap.parts.len(), 1);
+    let over = super::read_limited(&doc_of(600, 401), None, 1000);
+    assert!(matches!(over, Err(crate::DocbinError::Limit(_))), "{over:?}");
+    let over = super::read_limited(&doc_of(601, 400), None, 1000);
+    assert!(matches!(over, Err(crate::DocbinError::Limit(_))), "{over:?}");
+}
+
+/// Cell marks are paragraph marks too: a never-closed row of them is refused the same way.
+#[test]
+fn a_flood_of_cell_marks_is_refused() {
+    let over = super::read_limited(&marks_doc('\u{7}', 5000), None, 1000);
+    assert!(matches!(over, Err(crate::DocbinError::Limit(_))), "{over:?}");
+}
+
+/// The budget counts down across spends and notes the overrun (`walk` receives one shared by
+/// every story of the document).
+#[test]
+fn the_paragraph_budget_counts_down_and_notes_the_overrun() {
+    let budget = super::ParaBudget { left: std::cell::Cell::new(2), exceeded: std::cell::Cell::new(false) };
+    assert!(budget.spend() && budget.spend());
+    assert!(!budget.exceeded.get());
+    assert!(!budget.spend());
+    assert!(budget.exceeded.get());
+}
+
+/// The cap is far above any real document (10,000 pages of 50 paragraphs is 500,000), and a
+/// paragraph outside a table no longer carries a table context (a `ParaOut` was 1,224 bytes).
+#[test]
+fn the_paragraph_cap_leaves_room_and_a_paragraph_stays_small() {
+    const { assert!(super::MAX_PARAGRAPHS >= 1_000_000) };
+    assert!(std::mem::size_of::<crate::table::ParaOut>() < 1000, "{}", std::mem::size_of::<crate::table::ParaOut>());
+    let doc = read(&marks_doc('\r', 10)).expect("opens");
+    assert_eq!(doc.body.len(), 10);
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn empty_document_gets_a_paragraph() {
     let f = text_doc(&[Piece { compressed: false, text: "".into() }], &[], 0);
@@ -2660,7 +2743,8 @@ fn a_long_hyperlink_over_a_long_result_is_one_linked_run() {
     assert_eq!(linked.first().map(|r| r.len), Some(n));
     // One copy of the target for the one run, not one per character (~2.5 s here): counted by
     // what the copies charge to the work budget, which a busy machine can't skew.
-    let result = vec![('y', wordcraft_doc::props::CharProps::default()); n];
+    let mut result = super::FieldResult::default();
+    (0..n).for_each(|_| result.push('y', wordcraft_doc::props::CharProps::default()));
     let f = super::FieldBuild { depth: 1, instr: format!("HYPERLINK \"http://{target}\""), sep: Some(result) };
     let work = super::Work::new(u64::MAX);
     super::finish_field(&mut super::ParaBuild::default(), f, &work);
@@ -2673,7 +2757,8 @@ fn a_long_hyperlink_over_a_long_result_is_one_linked_run() {
 fn hyperlink_target_copies_are_charged_to_the_work_budget() {
     use wordcraft_doc::props::CharProps;
     let bold = CharProps { bold: Some(true), ..Default::default() };
-    let result: Vec<(char, CharProps)> = (0..1000).map(|i| ('a', if i % 2 == 0 { bold.clone() } else { CharProps::default() })).collect();
+    let mut result = super::FieldResult::default();
+    (0..1000).for_each(|i| result.push('a', if i % 2 == 0 { bold.clone() } else { CharProps::default() }));
     let f = super::FieldBuild { depth: 1, instr: format!("HYPERLINK \"{}\"", "u".repeat(100)), sep: Some(result) };
     let mut pb = super::ParaBuild::default();
     let budget = super::Work::new(10_000);
@@ -2747,3 +2832,201 @@ fn prm_grpprls_past_the_work_budget_are_skipped() {
     assert_eq!(work.left.get(), 1);
     assert_eq!(work.dropped(), [super::Cost::Formatting]);
 }
+
+/// A field's cached result keeps one `CharProps` per formatting run, not one per character
+/// (365 bytes each: 4 million result characters took 1.4 GB).
+#[test]
+fn a_field_result_stores_one_props_per_run() {
+    use wordcraft_doc::props::CharProps;
+    let bold = CharProps { bold: Some(true), ..Default::default() };
+    let mut r = super::FieldResult::default();
+    for _ in 0..200_000 {
+        r.push('x', CharProps::default());
+    }
+    assert_eq!(r.runs.len(), 1);
+    assert_eq!(r.runs.first().map(|(n, _)| *n), Some(200_000));
+    r.push('\u{e9}', bold.clone());
+    r.push('y', bold);
+    r.push('z', CharProps::default());
+    assert_eq!(r.runs.iter().map(|(n, _)| *n).collect::<Vec<_>>(), [200_000, 3, 1], "a two-byte char counts its bytes");
+    assert_eq!(r.text.len(), 200_004);
+}
+
+/// A hyperlink whose result changes formatting, with multi-byte text, keeps every run's text and
+/// links all of it; a plain field keeps its result text whole.
+#[test]
+fn field_results_keep_their_text_and_runs() {
+    use wordcraft_doc::props::CharProps;
+    let bold = CharProps { bold: Some(true), ..Default::default() };
+    let mut result = super::FieldResult::default();
+    for (c, p) in
+        [('a', CharProps::default()), ('\u{e9}', CharProps::default()), ('\u{20ac}', bold.clone()), ('b', bold), ('c', CharProps::default())]
+    {
+        result.push(c, p);
+    }
+    let f = super::FieldBuild { depth: 1, instr: "HYPERLINK \"http://x\"".into(), sep: Some(result) };
+    let mut pb = super::ParaBuild::default();
+    super::finish_field(&mut pb, f, &super::Work::new(u64::MAX));
+    assert_eq!(pb.text, "a\u{e9}\u{20ac}bc");
+    assert_eq!(pb.runs.iter().map(|r| r.len).collect::<Vec<_>>(), [3, 4, 1]);
+    assert!(pb.runs.iter().all(|r| r.props.link.as_deref() == Some("http://x")));
+    let doc = read(&text_doc(&[Piece { compressed: false, text: "\u{13} PAGE \u{14}1\u{e9}2\u{15}\r".into() }], &[], 0)).expect("opens");
+    let p = doc.body.first().and_then(|b| b.as_para()).expect("paragraph");
+    assert!(
+        p.objects
+            .iter()
+            .any(|o| matches!(o, wordcraft_doc::para::InlineObject::Field { instr, result, .. } if instr == "PAGE" && result == "1\u{e9}2")),
+        "{:?}",
+        p.objects
+    );
+}
+
+/// A one-page CHPX bin table over `page`: FCs 0..`end` live in page 1 of the returned stream.
+fn one_page_bins(page: &[u8], end: u32) -> (Vec<u8>, crate::fkp::Bins) {
+    let mut word = vec![0u8; 512];
+    word.extend_from_slice(page);
+    let plc = [0u32.to_le_bytes().as_slice(), end.to_le_bytes().as_slice(), 1u32.to_le_bytes().as_slice()].concat();
+    let bins = crate::fkp::Bins::parse(&plc, 0, 12).expect("bins");
+    (word, bins)
+}
+
+/// The CHPX run a lookup reports covers exactly the FCs that give the same grpprl: the walk
+/// reuses it for the following characters without asking again.
+#[test]
+fn a_chpx_run_covers_the_fcs_with_the_same_answer() {
+    let runs = [(0u32, grpprl(&[(0x0835, &[1])])), (5, Vec::new()), (9, grpprl(&[(0x0836, &[1])])), (30, grpprl(&[(0x0835, &[1])]))];
+    let (word, bins) = one_page_bins(&chpx_fkp(&runs, 60), 0x2000);
+    for fc in (fc_of(0) - 4)..(fc_of(70)) {
+        let run = bins.chpx_run(&word, fc);
+        assert_eq!(run.grpprl, bins.chpx(&word, fc), "fc {fc}");
+        for other in (fc_of(0) - 4)..(fc_of(70)) {
+            if run.contains(other) {
+                assert_eq!(bins.chpx(&word, other), run.grpprl, "fc {fc} run reused at {other}");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    assert!(bins.chpx_run(&word, fc_of(6)).contains(fc_of(8)) && !bins.chpx_run(&word, fc_of(6)).contains(fc_of(9)));
+}
+
+/// A page whose run starts do not ascend (a corrupt file) gives the same answers as before and
+/// a range that never claims an FC with a different answer.
+#[test]
+fn a_chpx_run_is_sound_on_a_page_whose_starts_do_not_ascend() {
+    let runs = [(10u32, grpprl(&[(0x0835, &[1])])), (3, grpprl(&[(0x0836, &[1])])), (20, Vec::new()), (7, grpprl(&[(0x0835, &[1])]))];
+    let (word, bins) = one_page_bins(&chpx_fkp(&runs, 60), 0x2000);
+    for fc in (fc_of(0) - 4)..(fc_of(70)) {
+        let run = bins.chpx_run(&word, fc);
+        assert_eq!(run.grpprl, bins.chpx(&word, fc));
+        for other in (fc_of(0) - 4)..(fc_of(70)) {
+            if run.contains(other) {
+                assert_eq!(bins.chpx(&word, other), run.grpprl, "fc {fc} run reused at {other}");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// A piece span answers exactly what the per-CP lookup answers, in every piece (compressed
+/// and UTF-16) and past the last.
+#[test]
+fn a_piece_span_matches_the_per_cp_lookups() {
+    let doc = text_doc(
+        &[
+            Piece { compressed: true, text: "abc".into() },
+            Piece { compressed: false, text: "d\u{e9}fgh".into() },
+            Piece { compressed: true, text: "ij".into() },
+        ],
+        &[],
+        0,
+    );
+    let mut comp = crate::open_container(&doc).expect("container");
+    let table = crate::stream(&mut comp, "0Table").expect("table");
+    let pieces = crate::piece::PieceTable::parse(&table, CLX_AT, table.len() as u32 - CLX_AT).expect("pieces");
+    for cp in 0..14 {
+        let span = pieces.span(cp);
+        assert_eq!(span.and_then(|s| s.fc_at(cp)), pieces.fc_of_cp(cp), "cp {cp}");
+        for other in 0..14 {
+            if span.is_some_and(|s| s.contains(other)) {
+                assert_eq!(pieces.span(other).and_then(|s| s.fc_at(other)), pieces.fc_of_cp(other));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    assert!(pieces.span(10).is_none(), "past the last piece");
+}
+
+/// Characters of one formatting share one `CharProps`: it is cloned when a run starts, and not
+/// even compared while the formatting stays the same.
+#[test]
+fn shared_props_start_one_run_per_formatting() {
+    use wordcraft_doc::props::CharProps;
+    let bold = CharProps { bold: Some(true), ..Default::default() };
+    let mut pb = super::ParaBuild::default();
+    for _ in 0..100_000 {
+        pb.push_shared('a', &bold, 1);
+    }
+    pb.push_shared('b', &CharProps::default(), 2);
+    pb.push_shared('c', &bold, 3);
+    pb.push_shared('d', &bold, 4);
+    assert_eq!(pb.runs.iter().map(|r| r.len).collect::<Vec<_>>(), [100_000, 1, 2], "equal props under a new generation join the run");
+    pb.push('e', bold.clone());
+    pb.push_shared('f', &bold, 4);
+    assert_eq!(
+        pb.runs.iter().map(|r| r.len).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        [100_000, 1, 4],
+        "a plain push forgets the generation but still joins an equal run"
+    );
+    assert_eq!(pb.text.len(), 100_005);
+}
+
+/// Several bins, equal and descending breakpoints, a missing page and the last FC: wherever a
+/// run is reported as valid it gives the answer a fresh lookup gives.
+#[test]
+fn chpx_runs_are_sound_across_bins() {
+    let page_a = chpx_fkp(&[(0, grpprl(&[(0x0835, &[1])])), (8, grpprl(&[(0x0836, &[1])]))], 20);
+    let page_b = chpx_fkp(&[(20, Vec::new()), (26, grpprl(&[(0x0835, &[1])]))], 40);
+    let mut word = vec![0u8; 512];
+    word.extend_from_slice(&page_a);
+    word.extend_from_slice(&page_b);
+    let (a, b, end) = (fc_of(20), fc_of(40), fc_of(60));
+    let plc = |fcs: &[u32], pns: &[u32]| {
+        [fcs.iter().flat_map(|f| f.to_le_bytes()).collect::<Vec<u8>>(), pns.iter().flat_map(|p| p.to_le_bytes()).collect()].concat()
+    };
+    let tables = [
+        ("two bins", plc(&[0, a, end], &[1, 2])),
+        ("an empty bin", plc(&[0, a, a, end], &[1, 2, 2])),
+        ("a missing page", plc(&[0, a, end], &[1, 9])),
+        ("descending breakpoints", plc(&[0, b, a, end], &[1, 2, 1])),
+        ("fcs up to the maximum", plc(&[0, a, u32::MAX], &[1, 2])),
+    ];
+    for (what, t) in &tables {
+        let bins = crate::fkp::Bins::parse(t, 0, t.len() as u32).expect("bins");
+        let probes: Vec<u32> = (0..fc_of(50)).step_by(2).chain([u32::MAX - 1, u32::MAX]).collect();
+        for &fc in &probes {
+            let run = bins.chpx_run(&word, fc);
+            assert_eq!(run.grpprl, bins.chpx(&word, fc), "{what}: fc {fc}");
+            for &other in &probes {
+                if run.contains(other) {
+                    assert_eq!(bins.chpx(&word, other), run.grpprl, "{what}: fc {fc} run reused at {other}");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// The same formatting changes through a whole read: runs break exactly where the CHPX changes
+/// (with a field and a symbol character in between), and nowhere else.
+#[test]
+fn formatting_runs_break_where_the_chpx_changes() {
+    let spec = RichSpec {
+        text: "aaaabbbb\u{13}PAGE\u{14}12\u{15}ccdd(ee\r",
+        styles: vec![(1, 0x0FFF, "Normal", Vec::new(), Vec::new())],
+        fonts: vec!["Times New Roman", "Arial"],
+        chpx_runs: vec![(0, grpprl(&[(0x0835, &[1])])), (4, Vec::new()), (8, grpprl(&[(0x0835, &[1])])), (20, grpprl(&[(0x0836, &[1])]))],
+        papx_entries: vec![(30, 0, Vec::new())],
+    };
+    let doc = read(&rich_doc(&spec)).expect("opens");
+    let p = para0(&doc);
+    let shape: Vec<(usize, Option<bool>, Option<bool>)> = p.runs.iter().map(|r| (r.len, r.props.bold, r.props.italic)).collect();
+    // "aaaa" bold, "bbbb" plain plus the field's anchor (3 bytes, default formatting), "ccd" bold
+    // (the run from the field to CP 20), "d(ee" italic.
+    assert_eq!(shape, [(4, Some(true), None), (7, None, None), (3, Some(true), None), (4, None, Some(true))], "{shape:?}");
+}

crates/docbin/src/tests/drawing.rs

@@ -391,6 +391,7 @@ fn a_floating_copy_is_charged_its_alt_text() {
         alt,
         float: Default::default(),
         crop: Default::default(),
+        fx: Default::default(),
         ole: None,
     };
     let bare = crate::object_cost(&image(String::new()));

crates/docx/Cargo.toml

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ getrandom = { workspace = true, features = ["wasm_js"] }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 wordcraft-doc = { workspace = true, features = ["test-support"] }
+serde_json = { workspace = true }
 proptest = { workspace = true }
 image = { workspace = true }
 zip = { workspace = true }

crates/docx/src/read/props.rs

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ use std::collections::HashMap;
 use wordcraft_doc::para::cap_alt;
 use wordcraft_doc::props::{
     Align, Border, BorderStyle, Borders, CellProps, CharProps, CombineBrackets, EastAsianLayout, HeightRule, Highlight, LineSpacing, NumRef,
-    ParaProps, Rgb, RowProps, TabAlign, TabLeader, TabStop, TableFloat, TableLook, TableProps, TextColor, TextDirection, Underline, VAlign, VMerge,
-    VertAlign,
+    ParaProps, Rgb, RowProps, TabAlign, TabLeader, TabStop, TableFloat, TableLook, TableProps, TextAlignment, TextColor, TextDirection, Underline,
+    VAlign, VMerge, VertAlign,
 };
 use wordcraft_doc::section::{
     Columns, DocGrid, DocGridType, LineNumberRestart, LineNumbering, MAX_CHAR_SPACE, MAX_GRID_PITCH, NotePos, NoteProps, NoteRestart, NumFormat,
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ fn text_frame(k: &El) -> wordcraft_doc::props::TextFrame {
         h_anchor: word("w:hAnchor", &["text", "margin", "page"], "page"),
         v_anchor: word("w:vAnchor", &["text", "margin", "page"], "page"),
         wrap: word("w:wrap", &["around", "auto", "notBeside", "none", "tight", "through"], "auto"),
+        anchor_lock: k.attr("w:anchorLock").map(|v| !matches!(v.trim(), "0" | "false" | "off" | "False" | "FALSE")),
         h_space: len("w:hSpace").unwrap_or(0.0).max(0.0),
         v_space: len("w:vSpace").unwrap_or(0.0).max(0.0),
     }
@@ -333,6 +334,7 @@ impl PropCtx {
                 "w:widowControl" => p.widow_control = Some(on_off(k)),
                 "w:contextualSpacing" => p.contextual_spacing = Some(on_off(k)),
                 "w:mirrorIndents" => p.mirror_indents = Some(on_off(k)),
+                "w:adjustRightInd" => p.adjust_right_indent = Some(on_off(k)),
                 "w:suppressAutoHyphens" => p.suppress_hyphens = Some(on_off(k)),
                 "w:suppressLineNumbers" => p.suppress_line_numbers = Some(on_off(k)),
                 "w:bidi" => p.bidi = Some(on_off(k)),
@@ -343,6 +345,7 @@ impl PropCtx {
                 "w:autoSpaceDE" => p.auto_space_de = Some(on_off(k)),
                 "w:autoSpaceDN" => p.auto_space_dn = Some(on_off(k)),
                 "w:snapToGrid" => p.snap_to_grid = Some(on_off(k)),
+                "w:textAlignment" => p.text_alignment = k.attr("w:val").and_then(TextAlignment::from_ooxml),
                 "w:framePr" => {
                     if let Some(kind @ ("drop" | "margin")) = k.attr("w:dropCap") {
                         p.drop_cap = Some(k.attr("w:lines").and_then(u32_of).unwrap_or(3).clamp(1, 10) as u8);
@@ -762,8 +765,26 @@ pub fn sectpr(pc: &PropCtx, e: &El) -> (SectionProps, Vec<HfRef>) {
                 if let Some(f) = k.attr("w:fmt") {
                     s.page_num_format = NumFormat::from_ooxml(f);
                 }
+                s.chapter_style = k.attr("w:chapStyle").and_then(u32_of).filter(|v| *v <= u8::MAX as u32).map(|v| v as u8);
+                s.chapter_sep = k.attr("w:chapSep").and_then(wordcraft_doc::section::ChapterSep::from_ooxml);
                 s.page_num_set = s.page_num_start.is_none() && s.page_num_format == NumFormat::Decimal;
             }
+            "w:paperSrc" => {
+                let tray = |name| {
+                    let value = k.attr(name)?.trim();
+                    let digits = value.strip_prefix('+').unwrap_or(value);
+                    if digits.is_empty() || !digits.bytes().all(|b| b.is_ascii_digit()) {
+                        return None;
+                    }
+                    u32_of(digits).filter(|v| *v <= u16::MAX as u32).map(|v| v as u16)
+                };
+                s.paper_src_first = tray("w:first");
+                s.paper_src_other = tray("w:other");
+            }
+            "w:noEndnote" => s.no_endnote = Some(on_off(k)),
+            "w15:footnoteColumns" => {
+                s.footnote_columns = k.attr("w:val").and_then(u32_of).filter(|v| (1..=45).contains(v));
+            }
             "w:lnNumType" => {
                 let mut l = LineNumbering::default();
                 if let Some(v) = k.attr("w:countBy").and_then(u32_of) {

crates/docx/src/read/story/blocks.rs

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ impl Reader<'_> {
                         let cap_font = first.runs.first().and_then(|r| r.props.font.clone());
                         let text_font = p.runs.first().and_then(|r| r.props.font.clone());
                         if cap_font.is_some() && cap_font != text_font {
-                            for r in &mut first.runs {
+                            for r in first.runs.iter_mut().filter(|r| r.props.font == cap_font) {
                                 r.props.font = text_font.clone();
                             }
                             props.drop_cap_font = cap_font;

crates/docx/src/read/story/drawing.rs

@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ impl Reader<'_> {
                 }
             }
         }
-        Some(InlineObject::Image { media, w, h, alt, float, crop, ole: None })
+        Some(InlineObject::Image { media, w, h, alt, float, crop, fx: crate::units::blip_fx(blip), ole: None })
     }
 
     /// A `wpg:wgp` group (`w` × `h`): its pictures, shapes and text boxes, nested groups

crates/docx/src/read/story/vml.rs

@@ -134,7 +134,10 @@ impl Reader<'_> {
             let id = img.attr("r:id").or_else(|| img.attr("r:pict"))?;
             let media = self.media_for(rels, id)?;
             let alt = shape.attr("alt").or_else(|| img.attr("o:title")).unwrap_or("").to_string();
-            return Some(InlineObject::Image { media, w, h, alt, float, crop: [0.0; 4], ole: None });
+            // Brightness and contrast (Word's picture watermark "Washout" sets them, #1711).
+            let frac = |k: &str| img.attr(k).and_then(crate::units::vml_number);
+            let fx = wordcraft_doc::picfx::PicFx::from_vml(frac("gain").unwrap_or(1.0), frac("blacklevel").unwrap_or(0.0));
+            return Some(InlineObject::Image { media, w, h, alt, float, crop: [0.0; 4], fx, ole: None });
         }
         // The shapetype the shape is drawn from (its `type`, ECMA-376 Part 4 VML), when written in
         // the same picture: what the shape leaves out, it takes from there.

crates/docx/src/smart_art.rs

@@ -86,6 +86,8 @@ enum Paint {
     None,
     /// Theme accent `n` (1–6), lightened to `tint` (thousandths of a percent kept) when set.
     Accent(usize, Option<u32>),
+    /// A colour of its own, lightened to `tint` when set.
+    Rgb(Rgb, Option<u32>),
     /// The theme's light background colour.
     Light,
 }
@@ -150,6 +152,22 @@ impl Sh {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Accent fills and outlines in item `i`'s own colour, when it has one. Light outlines
+    /// keep the theme's background colour so adjacent nodes remain separated.
+    fn recolor(&mut self, spec: &SmartArtSpec, i: usize) {
+        let Some(c) = spec.items.get(i).and_then(|it| it.color) else { return };
+        for p in [&mut self.fill, &mut self.line] {
+            if let Paint::Accent(_, tint) = *p {
+                *p = Paint::Rgb(c, tint);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn item(mut self, spec: &SmartArtSpec, i: usize) -> Sh {
+        self.recolor(spec, i);
+        self
+    }
+
     fn with_text(mut self, text: Vec<(String, bool)>) -> Sh {
         self.text = text;
         self
@@ -226,7 +244,7 @@ fn basic_list(spec: &SmartArtSpec, w: f32, h: f32) -> Vec<Sh> {
         let in_row = if r + 1 == rows { n - r * cols } else { cols };
         let x0 = (w - (in_row as f32 * bw + (in_row - 1) as f32 * gx)) / 2.0;
         let b = [x0 + c as f32 * (bw + gx), y0 + r as f32 * (bh + gy), bw, bh];
-        out.push(Sh::node("rect", b, spec.colors.accent(k)).with_text(paras(spec, i, true)));
+        out.push(Sh::node("rect", b, spec.colors.accent(k)).item(spec, i).with_text(paras(spec, i, true)));
     }
     out
 }
@@ -247,11 +265,14 @@ fn process(spec: &SmartArtSpec, w: f32, h: f32) -> Vec<Sh> {
         let mut a = Sh::node("rightArrow", [gx + (gap - aw) / 2.0, h / 2.0 - ah / 2.0, aw, ah], spec.colors.accent(k - 1));
         a.fill = Paint::Accent(spec.colors.accent(k - 1), Some(60_000));
         a.line = Paint::None;
+        if let Some(&i) = tops.get(k - 1) {
+            a.recolor(spec, i);
+        }
         out.push(a);
     }
     for (k, &i) in tops.iter().enumerate() {
         let b = [k as f32 * (nw + gap), y, nw, nh];
-        out.push(Sh::node("roundRect", b, spec.colors.accent(k)).with_text(paras(spec, i, true)));
+        out.push(Sh::node("roundRect", b, spec.colors.accent(k)).item(spec, i).with_text(paras(spec, i, true)));
     }
     out
 }
@@ -294,6 +315,9 @@ fn cycle(spec: &SmartArtSpec, w: f32, h: f32) -> Vec<Sh> {
                 a.rot = (mid + 90.0).rem_euclid(360.0);
                 a.fill = Paint::Accent(spec.colors.accent(k), Some(60_000));
                 a.line = Paint::None;
+                if let Some(&i) = tops.get(k) {
+                    a.recolor(spec, i);
+                }
                 out.push(a);
             }
         }
@@ -301,7 +325,7 @@ fn cycle(spec: &SmartArtSpec, w: f32, h: f32) -> Vec<Sh> {
     for (k, &i) in tops.iter().enumerate() {
         let (x, y) = if n == 1 { (cx, cy) } else { polar(cx, cy, r, angle(k, n)) };
         let b = [x - d / 2.0, y - d / 2.0, d, d];
-        out.push(Sh::node("ellipse", b, spec.colors.accent(k)).with_text(paras(spec, i, true)).text_box(inset(b, ROUND_INSET)));
+        out.push(Sh::node("ellipse", b, spec.colors.accent(k)).item(spec, i).with_text(paras(spec, i, true)).text_box(inset(b, ROUND_INSET)));
     }
     out
 }
@@ -360,19 +384,19 @@ fn hierarchy(spec: &SmartArtSpec, w: f32, h: f32) -> Vec<Sh> {
         let (px, pb) = (cx(i), top(i) + nh);
         let ct = ks.first().map_or(pb, |&k| top(k));
         let mid = (pb + ct) / 2.0;
-        out.push(Sh::line(px, pb, px, mid, accent));
+        out.push(Sh::line(px, pb, px, mid, accent).item(spec, i));
         let xs: Vec<f32> = ks.iter().map(|&k| cx(k)).collect();
         let (lo, hi) = xs.iter().fold((px, px), |(lo, hi), &x| (lo.min(x), hi.max(x)));
         if hi - lo > 0.5 {
-            out.push(Sh::line(lo, mid, hi, mid, accent));
+            out.push(Sh::line(lo, mid, hi, mid, accent).item(spec, i));
         }
         for x in xs {
-            out.push(Sh::line(x, mid, x, ct, accent));
+            out.push(Sh::line(x, mid, x, ct, accent).item(spec, i));
         }
     }
     for i in 0..n {
         let b = [cx(i) - nw / 2.0, top(i), nw, nh];
-        out.push(Sh::node("roundRect", b, spec.colors.accent(i)).with_text(paras(spec, i, false)));
+        out.push(Sh::node("roundRect", b, spec.colors.accent(i)).item(spec, i).with_text(paras(spec, i, false)));
     }
     out
 }
@@ -400,7 +424,7 @@ fn pyramid(spec: &SmartArtSpec, w: f32, h: f32) -> Vec<Sh> {
             let mid_w = (top_w + bot_w) / 2.0 * 0.8;
             s.text_box([w / 2.0 - mid_w / 2.0, b[1] + bh * 0.08, mid_w, bh * 0.84])
         };
-        out.push(sh.with_text(paras(spec, i, true)));
+        out.push(sh.item(spec, i).with_text(paras(spec, i, true)));
     }
     out
 }
@@ -418,7 +442,7 @@ fn radial(spec: &SmartArtSpec, w: f32, h: f32) -> Vec<Sh> {
     if n == 0 {
         let d = m * 0.5;
         let b = [cx - d / 2.0, cy - d / 2.0, d, d];
-        out.push(Sh::node("ellipse", b, spec.colors.accent(0)).with_text(paras(spec, 0, false)).text_box(inset(b, ROUND_INSET)));
+        out.push(Sh::node("ellipse", b, spec.colors.accent(0)).item(spec, 0).with_text(paras(spec, 0, false)).text_box(inset(b, ROUND_INSET)));
         return out;
     }
     let step = if n == 1 { 1.0 } else { (std::f32::consts::PI / n as f32).sin() };
@@ -432,14 +456,14 @@ fn radial(spec: &SmartArtSpec, w: f32, h: f32) -> Vec<Sh> {
     let at = |k: usize| polar(cx, cy, r, angle(k, n));
     for k in 0..n {
         let (x, y) = at(k);
-        out.push(Sh::line(cx, cy, x, y, spec.colors.accent(0)));
+        out.push(Sh::line(cx, cy, x, y, spec.colors.accent(0)).item(spec, 0));
     }
     let bc = [cx - dc / 2.0, cy - dc / 2.0, dc, dc];
-    out.push(Sh::node("ellipse", bc, spec.colors.accent(0)).with_text(paras(spec, 0, false)).text_box(inset(bc, ROUND_INSET)));
+    out.push(Sh::node("ellipse", bc, spec.colors.accent(0)).item(spec, 0).with_text(paras(spec, 0, false)).text_box(inset(bc, ROUND_INSET)));
     for (k, &i) in spokes.iter().enumerate() {
         let (x, y) = at(k);
         let b = [x - ds / 2.0, y - ds / 2.0, ds, ds];
-        out.push(Sh::node("ellipse", b, spec.colors.accent(k + 1)).with_text(paras(spec, i, true)).text_box(inset(b, ROUND_INSET)));
+        out.push(Sh::node("ellipse", b, spec.colors.accent(k + 1)).item(spec, i).with_text(paras(spec, i, true)).text_box(inset(b, ROUND_INSET)));
     }
     out
 }
@@ -457,7 +481,7 @@ fn matrix(spec: &SmartArtSpec, w: f32, h: f32) -> Vec<Sh> {
     for (k, &i) in tops.iter().enumerate() {
         let (r, c) = (k / cols, k % cols);
         let b = [x0 + c as f32 * cell + gap / 2.0, y0 + r as f32 * cell + gap / 2.0, cell - gap, cell - gap];
-        out.push(Sh::node("roundRect", b, spec.colors.accent(k)).with_text(paras(spec, i, true)).text_box(inset(b, 0.1)));
+        out.push(Sh::node("roundRect", b, spec.colors.accent(k)).item(spec, i).with_text(paras(spec, i, true)).text_box(inset(b, 0.1)));
     }
     out
 }
@@ -478,22 +502,22 @@ fn venn(spec: &SmartArtSpec, w: f32, h: f32) -> Vec<Sh> {
         (x, y, deg)
     };
     let mut out = Vec::new();
-    for (j, _) in tops.iter().enumerate() {
+    for (j, &i) in tops.iter().enumerate() {
         let (x, y, _) = place(j);
         let mut s = Sh::node("ellipse", [x - r, y - r, 2.0 * r, 2.0 * r], spec.colors.accent(j));
         s.fill = Paint::Accent(spec.colors.accent(j), Some(40_000));
         s.alpha = Some(60_000);
         s.line = Paint::None;
-        out.push(s);
+        out.push(s.item(spec, i));
     }
     // Every outline over every fill, so each circle shows whole.
-    for (j, _) in tops.iter().enumerate() {
+    for (j, &i) in tops.iter().enumerate() {
         let (x, y, _) = place(j);
         let mut s = Sh::node("ellipse", [x - r, y - r, 2.0 * r, 2.0 * r], spec.colors.accent(j));
         s.fill = Paint::None;
         s.line = Paint::Accent(spec.colors.accent(j), None);
         s.line_w = 1.5;
-        out.push(s);
+        out.push(s.item(spec, i));
     }
     for (j, &i) in tops.iter().enumerate() {
         let (x, y, deg) = place(j);
@@ -554,6 +578,23 @@ fn paint(w: &mut W, p: Paint, alpha: Option<u32>) {
             w.empty("a:schemeClr", &[("val", "lt1")]);
             w.close("a:solidFill");
         }
+        Paint::Rgb(c, tint) => {
+            w.open("a:solidFill", &[]);
+            let val = c.hex();
+            if tint.is_none() && alpha.is_none() {
+                w.empty("a:srgbClr", &[("val", &val)]);
+            } else {
+                w.open("a:srgbClr", &[("val", &val)]);
+                if let Some(t) = tint {
+                    w.empty("a:tint", &[("val", &t.to_string())]);
+                }
+                if let Some(a) = alpha {
+                    w.empty("a:alpha", &[("val", &a.to_string())]);
+                }
+                w.close("a:srgbClr");
+            }
+            w.close("a:solidFill");
+        }
         Paint::Accent(n, tint) => {
             w.open("a:solidFill", &[]);
             let val = format!("accent{}", n.clamp(1, 6));
@@ -743,7 +784,16 @@ pub fn data_xml(spec: &SmartArtSpec, drawing_rel: &str) -> String {
         let (node, cxn, par, sib) = item_ids(i);
         w.open("dgm:pt", &[("modelId", &node)]);
         w.empty("dgm:prSet", &[]);
-        w.empty("dgm:spPr", &[]);
+        match it.color {
+            Some(c) => {
+                w.open("dgm:spPr", &[]);
+                w.open("a:solidFill", &[]);
+                w.empty("a:srgbClr", &[("val", &c.hex())]);
+                w.close("a:solidFill");
+                w.close("dgm:spPr");
+            }
+            None => w.empty("dgm:spPr", &[]),
+        }
         w.open("dgm:t", &[]);
         w.empty("a:bodyPr", &[]);
         w.empty("a:lstStyle", &[]);
@@ -1062,7 +1112,9 @@ pub(crate) fn spec_of(data: &El) -> Option<SmartArtSpec> {
         .zip(&levels)
         .map(|(p, l)| {
             let text: String = p.child("dgm:t")?.child("a:p")?.children("a:r").filter_map(|r| r.child("a:t")).map(|t| t.text()).collect();
-            Some(SmartArtItem { text, level: (*l)? })
+            let color =
+                p.child("dgm:spPr").and_then(|s| s.child("a:solidFill")).and_then(|f| f.child("a:srgbClr")).and_then(|c| Rgb::parse(c.attr("val")?));
+            Some(SmartArtItem { text, level: (*l)?, color })
         })
         .collect::<Option<Vec<_>>>()?;
     let spec = SmartArtSpec { layout, items, colors }.sanitized();
@@ -1138,6 +1190,18 @@ mod tests {
         }
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn an_items_own_colour_is_saved_drawn_and_read_back() {
+        let mut spec = SmartArtSpec::sample(SmartArtLayout::Process);
+        spec.items[1].color = Some(Rgb(0x12, 0x34, 0x56));
+        let spec = spec.sanitized();
+        assert_eq!(spec_of(&parse(&data_xml(&spec, "rId9"))).as_ref(), Some(&spec));
+        let drawing = drawing_xml(&spec, 400.0, 250.0);
+        assert_eq!(drawing.matches("<a:srgbClr val=\"123456\"").count(), 2, "the step and the arrow after it");
+        let plain = drawing_xml(&SmartArtSpec::sample(SmartArtLayout::Process), 400.0, 250.0);
+        assert!(!plain.contains("srgbClr"));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn a_diagram_with_more_than_the_model_stays_read_only() {
         let spec = SmartArtSpec::sample(SmartArtLayout::Process);

crates/docx/src/units.rs

@@ -84,6 +84,29 @@ pub fn int(s: &str) -> Option<i64> {
     v.is_finite().then(|| v.round().clamp(i64::MIN as f64, i64::MAX as f64) as i64)
 }
 
+/// A VML number (`gain`, `blacklevel`), unclamped: 16.16 fixed point with an `f` suffix
+/// (`19661f` is 0.3) or a plain decimal (`0.3`). None for anything else or non-finite.
+pub fn vml_number(s: &str) -> Option<f64> {
+    let t = s.trim();
+    if t.is_empty() || t.len() > 40 {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let v = match t.strip_suffix('f') {
+        Some(fixed) => fixed.trim().parse::<f64>().ok()? / 65_536.0,
+        None => t.parse::<f64>().ok()?,
+    };
+    v.is_finite().then_some(v)
+}
+
+/// A picture's brightness, contrast and transparency: `a:lum` (ECMA-376 §20.1.8.42) and
+/// `a:alphaModFix` (§20.1.8.4) in its `a:blip` (#1766).
+pub fn blip_fx(blip: &El) -> wordcraft_doc::picfx::PicFx {
+    let val = |el: Option<&El>, k: &str| el.and_then(|e| e.attr(k)).and_then(int).map(|v| v.clamp(-1_000_000, 1_000_000) as i32);
+    let lum = blip.child("a:lum");
+    let amt = val(blip.child("a:alphaModFix"), "amt").unwrap_or(100_000).clamp(0, 100_000);
+    wordcraft_doc::picfx::PicFx::new(val(lum, "bright").unwrap_or(0), val(lum, "contrast").unwrap_or(0), 100_000 - amt)
+}
+
 pub fn u32_of(s: &str) -> Option<u32> {
     int(s).map(|v| v.clamp(0, u32::MAX as i64) as u32)
 }

crates/docx/src/wordml2003_write.rs

@@ -317,7 +317,8 @@ impl<'a> Conv<'a> {
 
     /// A DrawingML picture as a `w:pict` (inline, at its extent); any other drawing is dropped.
     fn picture(&mut self, drawing: &El, rels: &Rels) -> Vec<Node> {
-        let Some(id) = drawing.find("a:blip").and_then(|b| b.attr("r:embed")) else { return Vec::new() };
+        let Some(blip) = drawing.find("a:blip") else { return Vec::new() };
+        let Some(id) = blip.attr("r:embed") else { return Vec::new() };
         let Some(target) = rels.by_id(id).filter(|r| !r.external).map(|r| r.target.clone()) else { return Vec::new() };
         let Some(src) = self.bin_for(&target) else { return Vec::new() };
         let pt = |k: &str| {
@@ -329,7 +330,19 @@ impl<'a> Conv<'a> {
         let shape_id = format!("_x0000_i{}", self.next_shape);
         self.next_shape = self.next_shape.saturating_add(1);
         let mut kids: Vec<Node> = std::mem::take(&mut self.bins).into_iter().map(Node::El).collect();
-        kids.push(Node::El(self.shape_frame(&shape_id, &style, &src, &alt)));
+        let mut shape = self.shape_frame(&shape_id, &style, &src, &alt);
+        // Brightness and contrast as VML `gain` and `blacklevel` (16.16 fixed point, #1711).
+        // `v:imagedata` has no opacity, so a picture's transparency (`a:alphaModFix`) is dropped.
+        let fx = crate::units::blip_fx(blip);
+        if fx.changes_pixels()
+            && let Some(Node::El(data)) = shape.kids.iter_mut().find(|k| matches!(k, Node::El(e) if e.name == "v:imagedata"))
+        {
+            let (gain, black) = fx.to_vml();
+            let fixed = |v: f64| format!("{}f", (v * 65_536.0).round().clamp(-1.0e12, 1.0e12) as i64);
+            data.attrs.push(("gain".into(), fixed(gain)));
+            data.attrs.push(("blacklevel".into(), fixed(black)));
+        }
+        kids.push(Node::El(shape));
         vec![Node::El(plain("w:pict", kids))]
     }
 

crates/docx/src/write/math.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 //! [`wordcraft_doc::math`] tree → Office Math (OMML).
 
 use wordcraft_doc::math::{
-    Arg, BrkBin, BrkBinSub, ColJc, FracKind, LimLoc, MAX_DEPTH, MNode, MRun, MScr, MSty, Math, MathJc, MathProps, ScriptKind, parse_linear,
+    Arg, BrkBin, BrkBinSub, ColJc, FracKind, LimLoc, MAX_DEPTH, MAX_MATRIX_COLS, MAX_MATRIX_ROWS, MNode, MRun, MScr, MSty, Math, MathJc, MathProps,
+    ScriptKind, parse_linear,
 };
 use wordcraft_doc::props::Rgb;
 
@@ -181,7 +182,10 @@ fn char_prop(w: &mut W, name: &str, c: Option<char>) {
 
 fn write_matrix(w: &mut W, n: &MNode, depth: usize) {
     let MNode::Matrix { rows, col_jc } = n else { return };
-    let cols = rows.iter().map(|r| r.len()).max().unwrap_or(0).max(1);
+    // Every row is padded to the widest one, so a ragged matrix is clamped to the reader's
+    // caps rather than written as rows × widest cells (#3643).
+    let rows = rows.get(..rows.len().min(MAX_MATRIX_ROWS)).unwrap_or_default();
+    let cols = rows.iter().map(|r| r.len()).max().unwrap_or(0).clamp(1, MAX_MATRIX_COLS);
     w.open("m:m", &[]);
     w.open("m:mPr", &[]);
     w.open("m:mcs", &[]);

crates/docx/src/write/props.rs

@@ -287,6 +287,9 @@ pub fn ppr_inner(w: &mut W, p: &ParaProps, framed: bool, num_change: Option<&Cha
     if let Some(a) = p.align {
         w.val("w:jc", align_val(a));
     }
+    if let Some(t) = p.text_alignment {
+        w.val("w:textAlignment", t.ooxml());
+    }
     if let Some(l) = p.outline_level {
         w.val("w:outlineLvl", &n(l.min(9) as i64));
     }
@@ -323,6 +326,9 @@ fn write_frame(w: &mut W, p: &ParaProps, framed: bool) {
             a.push(("w:vSpace", &vs));
         }
         a.push(("w:wrap", &f.wrap));
+        if let Some(anchor_lock) = f.anchor_lock {
+            a.push(("w:anchorLock", if anchor_lock { "1" } else { "0" }));
+        }
         a.push(("w:vAnchor", &f.v_anchor));
         a.push(("w:hAnchor", &f.h_anchor));
         match &f.x_align {
@@ -370,6 +376,7 @@ fn write_text_flow(w: &mut W, p: &ParaProps) {
     toggle(w, "w:autoSpaceDE", p.auto_space_de);
     toggle(w, "w:autoSpaceDN", p.auto_space_dn);
     toggle(w, "w:bidi", p.bidi);
+    toggle(w, "w:adjustRightInd", p.adjust_right_indent);
     toggle(w, "w:snapToGrid", p.snap_to_grid);
 }
 

crates/docx/src/write/story/drawing.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ pub(super) struct DrawingInfo<'a> {
 impl Writer<'_> {
     /// A picture's `pic:pic` (the image in `media/{file}`), at `off` in its group (or 0, 0).
     pub(super) fn pic(&mut self, w: &mut W, o: &InlineObject, file: &str, off: (f32, f32), rels: &mut PartRels) {
-        let InlineObject::Image { media, w: iw, h: ih, alt, crop, float, .. } = o else { return };
+        let InlineObject::Image { media, w: iw, h: ih, alt, crop, float, fx, .. } = o else { return };
         let rid = rels.add(rt::IMAGE, &format!("media/{file}"), false);
         self.used_media.insert(media.clone());
         w.open("pic:pic", &[]);
@@ -26,7 +26,21 @@ impl Writer<'_> {
         w.close("pic:cNvPicPr");
         w.close("pic:nvPicPr");
         w.open("pic:blipFill", &[]);
-        w.empty("a:blip", &[("r:embed", &rid)]);
+        // Brightness, contrast and transparency (#1711, #1766) as `a:blip` effects (ECMA-376
+        // §20.1.8.13 CT_Blip: an unbounded choice of effects, in any order).
+        let fx = fx.clamped();
+        if fx.is_identity() {
+            w.empty("a:blip", &[("r:embed", &rid)]);
+        } else {
+            w.open("a:blip", &[("r:embed", &rid)]);
+            if fx.transparency != 0 {
+                w.empty("a:alphaModFix", &[("amt", &n(i64::from(100_000 - fx.transparency)))]);
+            }
+            if fx.bright != 0 || fx.contrast != 0 {
+                w.empty("a:lum", &[("bright", &n(i64::from(fx.bright))), ("contrast", &n(i64::from(fx.contrast)))]);
+            }
+            w.close("a:blip");
+        }
         if crop.iter().any(|c| *c > 0.0) {
             let c = |v: f32| n((wordcraft_geom::finite(v).clamp(0.0, 1.0) * 100_000.0).round() as i64);
             w.empty("a:srcRect", &[("l", &c(crop[0])), ("t", &c(crop[1])), ("r", &c(crop[2])), ("b", &c(crop[3]))]);

crates/docx/src/write/story/section.rs

@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ fn sectpr_body(w: &mut W, s: &SectionProps) {
                 ("w:gutter", &twips(s.gutter.max(0.0))),
             ],
         );
+        paper_source(w, s);
         if let Some(b) = &s.page_borders {
             borders(w, "w:pgBorders", b, None, &[("w:offsetFrom", "text")]);
         }
@@ -107,14 +108,7 @@ fn sectpr_body(w: &mut W, s: &SectionProps) {
             let refs: Vec<(&str, &str)> = a.iter().map(|(k, v)| (*k, v.as_str())).collect();
             w.empty("w:lnNumType", &refs);
         }
-        if s.page_num_set || s.page_num_start.is_some() || s.page_num_format != wordcraft_doc::section::NumFormat::Decimal {
-            let mut a = vec![("w:fmt", s.page_num_format.ooxml().to_string())];
-            if let Some(st) = s.page_num_start {
-                a.push(("w:start", st.to_string()));
-            }
-            let refs: Vec<(&str, &str)> = a.iter().map(|(k, v)| (*k, v.as_str())).collect();
-            w.empty("w:pgNumType", &refs);
-        }
+        page_number_type(w, s);
         let c = &s.columns;
         let count = c.count.clamp(1, 45);
         let mut ca = vec![("w:space", twips(c.space.max(0.0))), ("w:num", n(count as i64))];
@@ -134,6 +128,9 @@ fn sectpr_body(w: &mut W, s: &SectionProps) {
             let refs: Vec<(&str, &str)> = ca.iter().map(|(k, v)| (*k, v.as_str())).collect();
             w.empty("w:cols", &refs);
         }
+        if let Some(count) = s.footnote_columns.filter(|count| *count > 0) {
+            w.empty("w15:footnoteColumns", &[("w:val", &count.clamp(1, 45).to_string())]);
+        }
         if let Some(on) = s.form_prot {
             w.empty("w:formProt", if on { &[] } else { &[("w:val", "0")] });
         }
@@ -143,6 +140,9 @@ fn sectpr_body(w: &mut W, s: &SectionProps) {
             wordcraft_doc::section::PageVAlign::Justify => w.val("w:vAlign", "both"),
             wordcraft_doc::section::PageVAlign::Bottom => w.val("w:vAlign", "bottom"),
         }
+        if let Some(on) = s.no_endnote {
+            w.empty("w:noEndnote", if on { &[] } else { &[("w:val", "0")] });
+        }
         if s.title_page {
             w.empty("w:titlePg", &[]);
         }
@@ -167,6 +167,43 @@ fn sectpr_body(w: &mut W, s: &SectionProps) {
     }
 }
 
+fn paper_source(w: &mut W, s: &SectionProps) {
+    let mut attrs = Vec::new();
+    if let Some(first) = s.paper_src_first {
+        attrs.push(("w:first", first.to_string()));
+    }
+    if let Some(other) = s.paper_src_other {
+        attrs.push(("w:other", other.to_string()));
+    }
+    if !attrs.is_empty() {
+        let refs: Vec<(&str, &str)> = attrs.iter().map(|(k, v)| (*k, v.as_str())).collect();
+        w.empty("w:paperSrc", &refs);
+    }
+}
+
+fn page_number_type(w: &mut W, s: &SectionProps) {
+    if !(s.page_num_set
+        || s.page_num_start.is_some()
+        || s.page_num_format != wordcraft_doc::section::NumFormat::Decimal
+        || s.chapter_style.is_some()
+        || s.chapter_sep.is_some())
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+    let mut attrs = vec![("w:fmt", s.page_num_format.ooxml().to_string())];
+    if let Some(start) = s.page_num_start {
+        attrs.push(("w:start", start.to_string()));
+    }
+    if let Some(style) = s.chapter_style {
+        attrs.push(("w:chapStyle", style.to_string()));
+    }
+    if let Some(separator) = s.chapter_sep {
+        attrs.push(("w:chapSep", separator.ooxml().to_string()));
+    }
+    let refs: Vec<(&str, &str)> = attrs.iter().map(|(k, v)| (*k, v.as_str())).collect();
+    w.empty("w:pgNumType", &refs);
+}
+
 /// The children of a `w:footnotePr` / `w:endnotePr` in schema order (`w:pos`, `w:numFmt`,
 /// `w:numStart`, `w:numRestart`; ECMA-376 §17.11.11), for the fields that are set.
 pub(in super::super) fn note_pr_inner(w: &mut W, pr: &NoteProps) {

crates/docx/tests/it/alt_chunks.rs

@@ -317,7 +317,16 @@ fn a_chunks_pictures_come_with_it() {
         let mut d = Document::new();
         let key = d.add_media(vec![1, 2, 3], "png");
         let mut para = wordcraft_doc::Paragraph::new();
-        let image = InlineObject::Image { media: key, w: 10.0, h: 10.0, alt: String::new(), float: Default::default(), crop: [0.0; 4], ole: None };
+        let image = InlineObject::Image {
+            media: key,
+            w: 10.0,
+            h: 10.0,
+            alt: String::new(),
+            float: Default::default(),
+            crop: [0.0; 4],
+            ole: None,
+            fx: Default::default(),
+        };
         para.insert_object(0, image, &Default::default()).unwrap();
         d.body = vec![std::sync::Arc::new(Block::Para(para))];
         Some(d)

crates/docx/tests/it/border_lines.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+//! Compound border lines of thin and thick strokes (`thinThickSmallGap` to
+//! `thinThickThinLargeGap`, ECMA-376 Part 1 §17.18.2 ST_Border) on paragraphs, table cells and
+//! pages: written back as read, not as a single line. Fixtures are hand-written from the spec.
+
+use std::io::{Read, Write};
+
+use wordcraft_doc::props::BorderStyle;
+
+const LINES: [(&str, BorderStyle); 9] = [
+    ("thinThickSmallGap", BorderStyle::ThinThickSmallGap),
+    ("thickThinSmallGap", BorderStyle::ThickThinSmallGap),
+    ("thinThickThinSmallGap", BorderStyle::ThinThickThinSmallGap),
+    ("thinThickMediumGap", BorderStyle::ThinThickMediumGap),
+    ("thickThinMediumGap", BorderStyle::ThickThinMediumGap),
+    ("thinThickThinMediumGap", BorderStyle::ThinThickThinMediumGap),
+    ("thinThickLargeGap", BorderStyle::ThinThickLargeGap),
+    ("thickThinLargeGap", BorderStyle::ThickThinLargeGap),
+    ("thinThickThinLargeGap", BorderStyle::ThinThickThinLargeGap),
+];
+
+fn docx(body: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let root = r#"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><Relationships xmlns="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/package/2006/relationships"><Relationship Id="rId1" Type="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/officeDocument" Target="word/document.xml"/></Relationships>"#;
+    let doc = format!(
+        r#"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?><w:document xmlns:w="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main"><w:body>{body}</w:body></w:document>"#
+    );
+    let mut zw = zip::ZipWriter::new(std::io::Cursor::new(Vec::new()));
+    for (name, bytes) in [("_rels/.rels", root.as_bytes()), ("word/document.xml", doc.as_bytes())] {
+        zw.start_file(name, zip::write::SimpleFileOptions::default()).unwrap();
+        zw.write_all(bytes).unwrap();
+    }
+    zw.finish().unwrap().into_inner()
+}
+
+fn document_xml(bytes: &[u8]) -> String {
+    let mut z = zip::ZipArchive::new(std::io::Cursor::new(bytes)).unwrap();
+    let mut s = String::new();
+    z.by_name("word/document.xml").unwrap().read_to_string(&mut s).unwrap();
+    s
+}
+
+fn side(name: &str, val: &str) -> String {
+    format!(r#"<w:{name} w:val="{val}" w:sz="36" w:space="1" w:color="2F5496"/>"#)
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn compound_paragraph_borders_are_written_back_as_read() {
+    let body: String = LINES
+        .iter()
+        .map(|(val, _)| {
+            format!(r#"<w:p><w:pPr><w:pBdr>{}{}</w:pBdr></w:pPr><w:r><w:t>{val}</w:t></w:r></w:p>"#, side("top", val), side("bottom", val))
+        })
+        .collect();
+    let d = wordcraft_docx::read(&docx(&body)).unwrap();
+    let got: Vec<Option<BorderStyle>> =
+        d.body.iter().filter_map(|b| b.as_para()).map(|p| p.props.borders.and_then(|b| b.top).map(|t| t.style)).collect();
+    assert_eq!(got, LINES.iter().map(|(_, s)| Some(*s)).collect::<Vec<_>>());
+    let xml = document_xml(&wordcraft_docx::write(&d).unwrap());
+    for (val, _) in LINES {
+        assert_eq!(xml.matches(&format!(r#"w:val="{val}""#)).count(), 2, "{val}: {xml}");
+    }
+    assert!(!xml.contains(r#"w:val="single""#), "{xml}");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn compound_cell_and_page_borders_are_written_back_as_read() {
+    let body = format!(
+        r#"<w:tbl><w:tblPr><w:tblW w:w="0" w:type="auto"/><w:tblBorders>{}</w:tblBorders></w:tblPr><w:tblGrid><w:gridCol w:w="2000"/></w:tblGrid><w:tr><w:tc><w:tcPr><w:tcW w:w="2000" w:type="dxa"/><w:tcBorders>{}</w:tcBorders></w:tcPr><w:p><w:r><w:t>Cell</w:t></w:r></w:p></w:tc></w:tr></w:tbl><w:p/><w:sectPr><w:pgBorders w:offsetFrom="text">{}</w:pgBorders></w:sectPr>"#,
+        side("top", "thickThinLargeGap"),
+        side("left", "thinThickSmallGap"),
+        side("right", "thinThickThinMediumGap")
+    );
+    let xml = document_xml(&wordcraft_docx::write(&wordcraft_docx::read(&docx(&body)).unwrap()).unwrap());
+    for val in ["thickThinLargeGap", "thinThickSmallGap", "thinThickThinMediumGap"] {
+        assert_eq!(xml.matches(&format!(r#"w:val="{val}""#)).count(), 1, "{val}: {xml}");
+    }
+}

crates/docx/tests/it/char_units.rs

@@ -80,3 +80,32 @@ fn automatic_spacing_reads_and_round_trips() {
     let again = wordcraft_docx::read(&wordcraft_docx::write(&d).unwrap()).unwrap();
     assert_eq!(props(&again)[..3], p[..3]);
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn adjust_right_indent_is_preserved() {
+    let body = r#"<w:p><w:pPr><w:adjustRightInd w:val="0"/><w:snapToGrid w:val="0"/><w:spacing w:after="120"/><w:ind w:right="120"/></w:pPr><w:r><w:t>false</w:t></w:r></w:p>
+        <w:p><w:pPr><w:adjustRightInd w:val="1"/></w:pPr><w:r><w:t>true</w:t></w:r></w:p>
+        <w:p><w:r><w:t>absent</w:t></w:r></w:p>"#;
+    let mut d = wordcraft_docx::read(&docx(body)).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(props(&d).iter().map(|p| p.adjust_right_indent).collect::<Vec<_>>(), [Some(false), Some(true), None]);
+    for _ in 0..2 {
+        let out = wordcraft_docx::write(&d).unwrap();
+        let mut z = zip::ZipArchive::new(std::io::Cursor::new(out.clone())).unwrap();
+        let mut xml = String::new();
+        z.by_name("word/document.xml").unwrap().read_to_string(&mut xml).unwrap();
+        assert!(xml.contains(r#"<w:adjustRightInd w:val="0""#), "explicit false was lost: {xml}");
+        assert!(xml.contains("<w:adjustRightInd/>"), "explicit true was lost: {xml}");
+        let tags = ["<w:adjustRightInd", "<w:snapToGrid", "<w:spacing", "<w:ind"];
+        let pprs = xml.split("<w:pPr>").skip(1).filter_map(|rest| rest.split("</w:pPr>").next()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        let first = pprs.first().expect("paragraph properties must be present");
+        for &tag in &tags {
+            assert!(first.contains(tag), "{tag} missing: {xml}");
+        }
+        for ppr in pprs {
+            let order = tags.iter().filter_map(|tag| ppr.find(*tag)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+            assert!(order.windows(2).all(|pair| pair[0] < pair[1]), "paragraph properties are out of schema order: {xml}");
+        }
+        d = wordcraft_docx::read(&out).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(props(&d).iter().map(|p| p.adjust_right_indent).collect::<Vec<_>>(), [Some(false), Some(true), None]);
+    }
+}

crates/docx/tests/it/drawing_payload.rs

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ fn picture() -> InlineObject {
         alt: String::new(),
         float: Default::default(),
         crop: [0.0; 4],
+        fx: Default::default(),
         ole: None,
     }
 }

crates/docx/tests/it/fixtures.rs

@@ -247,6 +247,46 @@ fn frame_zero_side_is_automatic() {
     }
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn locked_frame_anchor_survives_two_saves() {
+    for (lock, expected) in [("", None), (" w:anchorLock=\"1\"", Some(true)), (" w:anchorLock=\"0\"", Some(false))] {
+        let mut document = read_body(&format!(r#"<w:p><w:pPr><w:framePr w:w="1440" w:h="720"{lock}/></w:pPr><w:r><w:t>Locked</w:t></w:r></w:p>"#));
+        let paragraph = paras(&document)[0];
+        assert_eq!(paragraph.props.frame.as_ref().and_then(|f| f.anchor_lock), expected);
+        if expected == Some(true) {
+            let Some(wordcraft_doc::Block::Para(paragraph)) = document.body.get_mut(0).map(std::sync::Arc::make_mut) else {
+                panic!("first block is the framed paragraph");
+            };
+            let frame = paragraph.props.frame.as_mut().unwrap();
+            frame.x = 36.0;
+            frame.y = 72.0;
+            frame.w = Some(108.0);
+        }
+        let json = serde_json::to_vec(&document).unwrap();
+        document = serde_json::from_slice(&json).unwrap();
+        if expected == Some(true) {
+            let frame = paras(&document)[0].props.frame.as_ref().unwrap();
+            assert_eq!((frame.x, frame.y, frame.w), (36.0, 72.0, Some(108.0)));
+        }
+        for pass in 0..2 {
+            let bytes = wordcraft_docx::write(&document).unwrap();
+            let xml = text(&unzip(&bytes), "word/document.xml");
+            let expected_xml = match expected {
+                Some(true) => "w:anchorLock=\"1\"",
+                Some(false) => "w:anchorLock=\"0\"",
+                None => "w:anchorLock=",
+            };
+            assert_eq!(xml.contains(expected_xml), expected.is_some(), "lock changed on save {}: {xml}", pass + 1);
+            document = wordcraft_docx::read(&bytes).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(paras(&document)[0].props.frame.as_ref().and_then(|f| f.anchor_lock), expected);
+            if expected == Some(true) {
+                let frame = paras(&document)[0].props.frame.as_ref().unwrap();
+                assert_eq!((frame.x, frame.y, frame.w), (36.0, 72.0, Some(108.0)));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn omitted_paragraph_defaults_can_be_edited() {
     let styles =
@@ -3941,6 +3981,144 @@ fn hyperlink_with_empty_target_is_no_link() {
     assert_eq!(p.props_of_char(5).link.as_deref(), Some("mailto:a@example.com"));
 }
 
+/// Picture brightness, contrast and transparency (#1711, #1766): VML `gain`/`blacklevel` (Word's
+/// watermark "Washout"), DrawingML `a:lum` and `a:alphaModFix`; saved as DrawingML and read back.
+#[test]
+fn picture_brightness_contrast_transparency() {
+    use wordcraft_doc::picfx::PicFx;
+    let png: &[u8] = b"\x89PNG\r\n\x1a\nnot really a png";
+    let vml =
+        |attrs: &str| format!(r#"<w:r><w:pict><v:shape style="width:1in;height:36pt"><v:imagedata r:id="rIdImg" {attrs}/></v:shape></w:pict></w:r>"#);
+    let dml = |blip: &str| {
+        format!(
+            r#"<w:r><w:drawing><wp:inline><wp:extent cx="1270000" cy="635000"/><wp:docPr id="3" name="P"/><a:graphic><a:graphicData uri="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture"><pic:pic><pic:blipFill><a:blip r:embed="rIdImg">{blip}</a:blip></pic:blipFill></pic:pic></a:graphicData></a:graphic></wp:inline></w:drawing></w:r>"#
+        )
+    };
+    let cases: Vec<(String, Option<PicFx>)> = vec![
+        // Word's Washout: 0.3 and 0.35 in 16.16 fixed point.
+        (vml(r#"gain="19661f" blacklevel="22938f""#), Some(PicFx::new(70_000, -70_000, 0))),
+        (vml(r#"gain="0.5" blacklevel="0.25""#), Some(PicFx::new(50_000, -50_000, 0))),
+        (vml(r#"gain="131072f""#), Some(PicFx::new(0, 50_000, 0))),
+        (vml(""), Some(PicFx::default())),
+        (dml(r#"<a:lum bright="80000" contrast="-80000"/>"#), Some(PicFx::new(80_000, -80_000, 0))),
+        (dml(r#"<a:alphaModFix amt="40000"/><a:lum bright="-20000"/>"#), Some(PicFx::new(-20_000, 0, 60_000))),
+        (dml(""), Some(PicFx::default())),
+        // Hostile values: clamped, never a panic.
+        (vml(r#"gain="NaNf" blacklevel="infinity""#), None),
+        (vml(r#"gain="-99999999f" blacklevel="99999999999f""#), None),
+        (vml(r#"gain="1e308" blacklevel="-1e308""#), None),
+        (vml(r#"gain="f" blacklevel="--3""#), None),
+        (dml(r#"<a:lum bright="999999999" contrast="-99999999999999999999"/><a:alphaModFix amt="-5"/>"#), None),
+        (dml(r#"<a:alphaModFix amt="250000"/><a:lum bright="x" contrast=""/>"#), None),
+    ];
+    let body: String = cases.iter().map(|(x, _)| format!("<w:p>{x}</w:p>")).collect();
+    let doc = format!(r#"<w:document {W_NS}><w:body>{body}</w:body></w:document>"#);
+    let r = rels(&[("rIdImg", "image", "media/pic.png")]);
+    let bytes = zip(&[
+        ("_rels/.rels", ROOT_RELS.as_bytes()),
+        ("word/document.xml", doc.as_bytes()),
+        ("word/_rels/document.xml.rels", r.as_bytes()),
+        ("word/media/pic.png", png),
+    ]);
+    let d = wordcraft_docx::read(&bytes).unwrap();
+    let fx_of = |d: &Document| -> Vec<PicFx> {
+        paras(d)
+            .iter()
+            .map(|p| match p.objects.first() {
+                Some(InlineObject::Image { fx, .. }) => *fx,
+                o => panic!("{o:?}"),
+            })
+            .collect()
+    };
+    let read = fx_of(&d);
+    assert_eq!(read.len(), cases.len());
+    for ((x, want), got) in cases.iter().zip(&read) {
+        assert_eq!(*got, got.clamped(), "{x}");
+        if let Some(want) = want {
+            let near = |a: i32, b: i32| (a - b).abs() <= 2;
+            assert!(near(got.bright, want.bright) && near(got.contrast, want.contrast) && got.transparency == want.transparency, "{x}: {got:?}");
+        }
+    }
+    // Clamped hostile values.
+    assert_eq!(read[11], PicFx::new(100_000, -100_000, 100_000));
+    assert_eq!(read[12], PicFx::default());
+    // Saved as DrawingML (VML pictures too) and read back unchanged.
+    let out = wordcraft_docx::write(&d).unwrap();
+    let back = wordcraft_docx::read(&out).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(fx_of(&back), read);
+}
+
+/// Word's picture watermark with Washout (#1711): a VML picture in a header's Watermarks
+/// building block keeps its brightness and contrast.
+#[test]
+fn washout_picture_watermark_in_header() {
+    let hdr = format!(
+        r##"<w:hdr {W_NS}><w:sdt><w:sdtPr><w:docPartObj><w:docPartGallery w:val="Watermarks"/><w:docPartUnique/></w:docPartObj></w:sdtPr><w:sdtContent><w:p><w:r><w:pict><v:shape id="WordPictureWatermark1" type="#_x0000_t75" style="position:absolute;margin-left:0;margin-top:0;width:200pt;height:200pt;z-index:-251657216;mso-position-horizontal:center;mso-position-horizontal-relative:margin;mso-position-vertical:center;mso-position-vertical-relative:margin"><v:imagedata r:id="rImg" o:title="wm" gain="19661f" blacklevel="22938f"/></v:shape></w:pict></w:r></w:p></w:sdtContent></w:sdt></w:hdr>"##
+    );
+    let hrels = rels(&[("rImg", "image", "media/wm.png")]);
+    let body = r#"<w:p><w:r><w:t>Body</w:t></w:r></w:p><w:sectPr><w:headerReference w:type="default" r:id="rHdr"/></w:sectPr>"#;
+    let d = wordcraft_docx::read(&docx(
+        body,
+        &[("rHdr", "header", "header1.xml")],
+        &[("word/header1.xml", &hdr), ("word/_rels/header1.xml.rels", &hrels), ("word/media/wm.png", "not really a png")],
+    ))
+    .unwrap();
+    let id = d.last_section.headers.default.unwrap();
+    let fx = d.parts[&id]
+        .blocks
+        .iter()
+        .filter_map(|b| b.as_para())
+        .flat_map(|p| p.objects.iter())
+        .find_map(|o| if let InlineObject::Image { fx, .. } = o { Some(*fx) } else { None })
+        .expect("watermark picture");
+    assert!((fx.bright - 70_000).abs() <= 2 && (fx.contrast + 70_000).abs() <= 2, "{fx:?}");
+}
+
+/// A faded DrawingML picture behind a header's text (#1766; #1961 review): `a:alphaModFix` reads
+/// and is written back once, as in the body.
+#[test]
+fn faded_picture_behind_text_in_header() {
+    let hdr = format!(
+        r#"<w:hdr {W_NS}><w:p><w:r><w:drawing><wp:anchor behindDoc="1" distT="0" distB="0" distL="0" distR="0" simplePos="0" relativeHeight="1" locked="0" layoutInCell="1" allowOverlap="1"><wp:simplePos x="0" y="0"/><wp:positionH relativeFrom="margin"><wp:align>center</wp:align></wp:positionH><wp:positionV relativeFrom="margin"><wp:align>center</wp:align></wp:positionV><wp:extent cx="2540000" cy="2540000"/><wp:wrapNone/><wp:docPr id="7" name="Faded"/><a:graphic><a:graphicData uri="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture"><pic:pic><pic:blipFill><a:blip r:embed="rImg"><a:alphaModFix amt="20000"/></a:blip></pic:blipFill></pic:pic></a:graphicData></a:graphic></wp:anchor></w:drawing></w:r></w:p></w:hdr>"#
+    );
+    let hrels = rels(&[("rImg", "image", "media/wm.png")]);
+    let body = r#"<w:p><w:r><w:t>Body</w:t></w:r></w:p><w:sectPr><w:headerReference w:type="default" r:id="rHdr"/></w:sectPr>"#;
+    let header_picture = |d: &wordcraft_doc::Document| {
+        let id = d.last_section.headers.default.unwrap();
+        d.parts[&id]
+            .blocks
+            .iter()
+            .filter_map(|b| b.as_para())
+            .flat_map(|p| p.objects.iter())
+            .find_map(|o| if let InlineObject::Image { fx, float, .. } = o { Some((*fx, float.wrap)) } else { None })
+            .expect("header picture")
+    };
+    let d = wordcraft_docx::read(&docx(
+        body,
+        &[("rHdr", "header", "header1.xml")],
+        &[("word/header1.xml", &hdr), ("word/_rels/header1.xml.rels", &hrels), ("word/media/wm.png", "not really a png")],
+    ))
+    .unwrap();
+    let (fx, wrap) = header_picture(&d);
+    assert_eq!(fx, wordcraft_doc::picfx::PicFx::new(0, 0, 80_000));
+    assert_eq!(wrap, wordcraft_doc::para::Wrap::BehindText);
+    let saved = wordcraft_docx::write(&d).unwrap();
+    let again = wordcraft_docx::read(&saved).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(header_picture(&again), (fx, wrap), "the same picture after saving");
+}
+
+/// An OLE object's preview keeps the corrections of its picture (#1961 review).
+#[test]
+fn ole_preview_keeps_its_corrections() {
+    let body = r##"<w:p><w:r><w:object w:dxaOrig="1440" w:dyaOrig="720"><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style="width:72pt;height:36pt" o:ole=""><v:imagedata r:id="rIdImg" gain="19661f" blacklevel="22938f"/></v:shape></w:object></w:r></w:p>"##;
+    let d = wordcraft_docx::read(&docx(body, &[("rIdImg", "image", "media/p.png")], &[("word/media/p.png", "not really a png")])).unwrap();
+    let fx = d.body[0]
+        .as_para()
+        .and_then(|p| p.objects.iter().find_map(|o| if let InlineObject::Image { fx, .. } = o { Some(*fx) } else { None }))
+        .expect("the preview");
+    assert!((fx.bright - 70_000).abs() <= 2 && (fx.contrast + 70_000).abs() <= 2, "{fx:?}");
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn row_table_borders_round_trip() {
     let d = read_body(
@@ -4376,6 +4554,20 @@ fn vml_textbox_style_anchor_and_fit() {
     assert!(tb.body.auto_fit);
 }
 
+/// #2601: a drop-cap frame of two letters in two fonts. The first letter's font is the cap's; only
+/// the runs in that font get the text's font back, the other letter keeps its own.
+#[test]
+fn drop_cap_frame_keeps_other_fonts() {
+    let body = r#"<w:p><w:pPr><w:framePr w:dropCap="drop" w:lines="3" w:wrap="around" w:vAnchor="text" w:hAnchor="text"/></w:pPr><w:r><w:rPr><w:rFonts w:ascii="Liberation Mono" w:hAnsi="Liberation Mono"/></w:rPr><w:t>A</w:t></w:r><w:r><w:rPr><w:rFonts w:ascii="Liberation Sans" w:hAnsi="Liberation Sans"/></w:rPr><w:t>b</w:t></w:r></w:p>
+        <w:p><w:r><w:rPr><w:rFonts w:ascii="Liberation Serif" w:hAnsi="Liberation Serif"/></w:rPr><w:t>c tale</w:t></w:r></w:p>"#;
+    let d = read_body(body);
+    let p = paras(&d);
+    assert_eq!(p.len(), 1, "the frame merges into its paragraph");
+    assert_eq!(p[0].props.drop_cap_font.as_deref(), Some("Liberation Mono"));
+    assert_eq!(p[0].props_of_char(0).font.as_deref(), Some("Liberation Serif"), "the cap letter gets the text's font");
+    assert_eq!(p[0].props_of_char(1).font.as_deref(), Some("Liberation Sans"), "the other letter keeps its own");
+}
+
 /// A VML horizontal rule (`o:hr`, a web page's `<hr>` pasted into Word) is read as one: the whole
 /// line when it has no width and no `o:hrpct`, a share of it (`o:hrpct`, tenths of a percent), or
 /// its own width (`o:hrpct="0"`), placed by `o:hralign`. It saves back as the same VML rule.

crates/docx/tests/it/main.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 mod alt_chunks;
 mod bidi;
 mod bidi_runs;
+mod border_lines;
 mod cell_margin_inheritance;
 mod char_units;
 mod citations;
@@ -28,10 +29,12 @@ mod roundtrip;
 mod row_property_exceptions;
 mod run_props;
 mod section_form_protection;
+mod section_metadata_preservation;
 mod section_page_number_type;
 mod section_text_direction;
 mod section_valign;
 mod settings_merge;
+mod text_alignment;
 mod text_boxes;
 mod toc_ranges;
 mod undefined_style;

crates/docx/tests/it/roundtrip.rs

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use wordcraft_doc::numbering::ListKind;
 use wordcraft_doc::para::{Anchor, Float, FloatAlign, NoteKind, ShapeKind, Wrap};
 use wordcraft_doc::props::{
     Align, Border, BorderStyle, Borders, CharProps, HeightRule, Highlight, LineSpacing, NumRef, ParaProps, Rgb, RowProps, TabAlign, TabLeader,
-    TabStop, TableLook, TextColor, TextDirection, Underline, VAlign, VMerge, VertAlign,
+    TabStop, TableLook, TextAlignment, TextColor, TextDirection, Underline, VAlign, VMerge, VertAlign,
 };
 use wordcraft_doc::section::{Columns, DocGrid, DocGridType, LineNumberRestart, LineNumbering, NumFormat, PageVAlign, SectionProps, SectionStart};
 use wordcraft_doc::styles::{Style, StyleKind};
@@ -176,6 +176,7 @@ fn every_para_prop_round_trips() {
         line_spacing: Some(LineSpacing::Multiple(1.5)),
         contextual_spacing: Some(true),
         mirror_indents: Some(true),
+        adjust_right_indent: Some(false),
         keep_next: Some(true),
         keep_lines: Some(false),
         page_break_before: Some(true),
@@ -209,6 +210,7 @@ fn every_para_prop_round_trips() {
             h_anchor: "margin".into(),
             v_anchor: "text".into(),
             wrap: "around".into(),
+            anchor_lock: Some(true),
             h_space: 9.0,
             v_space: 0.0,
         }),
@@ -221,6 +223,7 @@ fn every_para_prop_round_trips() {
         num_change: None,
         fmt_change: None,
         snap_to_grid: Some(false),
+        text_alignment: Some(TextAlignment::Top),
     };
     let variants = [
         ParaProps { line_spacing: Some(LineSpacing::AtLeast(14.0)), indent_first: Some(24.0), align: Some(Align::Center), ..Default::default() },
@@ -428,6 +431,7 @@ fn images_round_trip() {
         // Room for a shadow: kept through save and load.
         float: Float { effect: [12.0, 12.0, 27.0, 27.0], ..Default::default() },
         crop: [0.1, 0.0, 0.25, 0.05],
+        fx: Default::default(),
         ole: None,
     };
     let floating = InlineObject::Image {
@@ -437,6 +441,7 @@ fn images_round_trip() {
         alt: String::new(),
         float: Float { wrap: Wrap::Square, h_rel: Anchor::Page, v_rel: Anchor::Margin, x: 36.0, y: 12.5, dist: 9.0, ..Default::default() },
         crop: [0.0; 4],
+        fx: Default::default(),
         ole: None,
     };
     let aligned = InlineObject::Image {
@@ -456,6 +461,7 @@ fn images_round_trip() {
             ..Default::default()
         },
         crop: [0.0; 4],
+        fx: Default::default(),
         ole: None,
     };
     let mut floats = vec![floating.clone(), aligned];
@@ -467,6 +473,7 @@ fn images_round_trip() {
             alt: String::new(),
             float: Float { wrap, h_rel: Anchor::Column, v_rel: Anchor::Paragraph, x: 0.0, y: 0.0, dist: 0.0, ..Default::default() },
             crop: [0.0; 4],
+            fx: Default::default(),
             ole: None,
         });
     }
@@ -1189,7 +1196,16 @@ fn groups_round_trip() {
     let mut d = Document::new();
     let key = d.add_media(tiny_png(), "png");
     let story = d.add_part(PartKind::TextBox, vec![para_block(Paragraph::with_text("In the group", CharProps::default()))]);
-    let pic = InlineObject::Image { media: key, w: 60.0, h: 40.0, alt: "A picture".into(), float: Float::default(), crop: [0.0; 4], ole: None };
+    let pic = InlineObject::Image {
+        media: key,
+        w: 60.0,
+        h: 40.0,
+        alt: "A picture".into(),
+        float: Float::default(),
+        crop: [0.0; 4],
+        fx: Default::default(),
+        ole: None,
+    };
     let oval = InlineObject::Shape {
         kind: ShapeKind::Ellipse,
         w: 50.0,
@@ -1276,7 +1292,16 @@ fn drawing_canvas_round_trips() {
     use wordcraft_doc::para::{CanvasStyle, GroupChild};
     let mut d = Document::new();
     let key = d.add_media(tiny_png(), "png");
-    let pic = InlineObject::Image { media: key, w: 60.0, h: 40.0, alt: "In the canvas".into(), float: Float::default(), crop: [0.0; 4], ole: None };
+    let pic = InlineObject::Image {
+        media: key,
+        w: 60.0,
+        h: 40.0,
+        alt: "In the canvas".into(),
+        float: Float::default(),
+        crop: [0.0; 4],
+        fx: Default::default(),
+        ole: None,
+    };
     let star = InlineObject::Shape {
         kind: ShapeKind::Star,
         w: 72.0,
@@ -1734,7 +1759,16 @@ fn kitchen_sink() -> Document {
     let mut img = Paragraph::new();
     img.insert_object(
         0,
-        InlineObject::Image { media: key, w: 30.0, h: 20.0, alt: "pic".into(), float: Float::default(), crop: [0.0; 4], ole: None },
+        InlineObject::Image {
+            media: key,
+            w: 30.0,
+            h: 20.0,
+            alt: "pic".into(),
+            float: Float::default(),
+            crop: [0.0; 4],
+            fx: Default::default(),
+            ole: None,
+        },
         &CharProps::default(),
     )
     .unwrap();
@@ -1829,6 +1863,7 @@ fn hostile_model_values_still_write() {
             alt: String::new(),
             float: Float::default(),
             crop: [f32::NAN; 4],
+            fx: Default::default(),
             ole: None,
         },
         &CharProps::default(),
@@ -2099,6 +2134,7 @@ fn rotation_and_flips_round_trip() {
         alt: String::new(),
         float: Float { rot: 30.0, effect: [6.0; 4], ..Default::default() },
         crop: [0.0; 4],
+        fx: Default::default(),
         ole: None,
     };
     let shape = |kind, float| InlineObject::Shape {
@@ -2599,6 +2635,7 @@ fn alt_text_title_and_decorative_round_trip_for_every_object() {
         alt: "A kiln at dusk".into(),
         float: Float { alt: AltText { title: "Kiln".into(), ..Default::default() }, ..Default::default() },
         crop: [0.0; 4],
+        fx: Default::default(),
         ole: None,
     };
     let shape = |alt: AltText| InlineObject::Shape {

crates/docx/tests/it/run_props.rs

@@ -29,6 +29,30 @@ fn part(bytes: &[u8], name: &str) -> String {
     xml
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn paragraph_adjust_right_indent_inherits_from_style() {
+    let styles =
+        r#"<w:style w:type="paragraph" w:default="1" w:styleId="Normal"><w:name w:val="Normal"/><w:pPr><w:adjustRightInd/></w:pPr></w:style>"#;
+    let body = r#"<w:p><w:pPr><w:adjustRightInd w:val="0"/></w:pPr><w:r><w:t>off</w:t></w:r></w:p>
+        <w:p><w:r><w:t>inherited</w:t></w:r></w:p>"#;
+    let mut d = wordcraft_docx::read(&docx(body, styles)).unwrap();
+    let paragraphs: Vec<_> = d.body.iter().filter_map(|b| b.as_para()).collect();
+    assert_eq!(paragraphs[0].props.adjust_right_indent, Some(false));
+    assert!(!d.styles.resolve_para(&paragraphs[0].props).adjust_right_indent);
+    assert!(d.styles.resolve_para(&paragraphs[1].props).adjust_right_indent);
+
+    for _ in 0..2 {
+        let out = wordcraft_docx::write(&d).unwrap();
+        assert!(part(&out, "word/document.xml").contains(r#"<w:adjustRightInd w:val="0""#));
+        assert!(part(&out, "word/styles.xml").contains("<w:adjustRightInd/>"));
+        d = wordcraft_docx::read(&out).unwrap();
+        let paragraphs: Vec<_> = d.body.iter().filter_map(|b| b.as_para()).collect();
+        assert!(!d.styles.resolve_para(&paragraphs[0].props).adjust_right_indent);
+        assert!(d.styles.resolve_para(&paragraphs[1].props).adjust_right_indent);
+        assert_eq!(paragraphs[0].props.adjust_right_indent, Some(false));
+    }
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn run_and_style_snap_to_grid_and_web_hidden_survive_two_saves() {
     let styles = r#"

crates/docx/tests/it/section_metadata_preservation.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+//! Section printer, note and chapter-number metadata survives DOCX and native JSON saves.
+
+use std::io::{Read, Write};
+
+fn docx(body: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let root = r#"<Relationships xmlns="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/package/2006/relationships"><Relationship Id="rId1" Type="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/officeDocument" Target="word/document.xml"/></Relationships>"#;
+    let doc = format!(
+        r#"<w:document xmlns:w="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main" xmlns:w15="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2012/wordml" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" mc:Ignorable="w15"><w:body>{body}</w:body></w:document>"#
+    );
+    let mut zw = zip::ZipWriter::new(std::io::Cursor::new(Vec::new()));
+    for (name, bytes) in [("_rels/.rels", root.as_bytes()), ("word/document.xml", doc.as_bytes())] {
+        zw.start_file(name, zip::write::SimpleFileOptions::default()).unwrap();
+        zw.write_all(bytes).unwrap();
+    }
+    zw.finish().unwrap().into_inner()
+}
+
+fn document_xml(bytes: &[u8]) -> String {
+    let mut z = zip::ZipArchive::new(std::io::Cursor::new(bytes)).unwrap();
+    let mut s = String::new();
+    z.by_name("word/document.xml").unwrap().read_to_string(&mut s).unwrap();
+    s
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn section_metadata_survives_native_json_and_two_docx_save_reopen_cycles() {
+    let input = docx(
+        r#"<w:p><w:pPr><w:sectPr><w:paperSrc w:first=" +261 " w:other=" 260 "/><w:noEndnote/><w15:footnoteColumns w:val="2"/><w:pgNumType w:fmt="decimal" w:chapStyle="1" w:chapSep="hyphen"/></w:sectPr></w:pPr><w:r><w:t>First section</w:t></w:r></w:p><w:p><w:r><w:t>Second section</w:t></w:r></w:p><w:sectPr><w:paperSrc w:first="12" w:other="34"/><w:noEndnote w:val="0"/><w15:footnoteColumns w:val="3"/><w:pgNumType w:fmt="upperRoman" w:chapStyle="10" w:chapSep="colon"/></w:sectPr>"#,
+    );
+    let mut document = wordcraft_docx::read(&input).unwrap();
+    let json = serde_json::to_vec(&document).unwrap();
+    document = serde_json::from_slice(&json).unwrap();
+    for cycle in 0..2 {
+        let bytes = wordcraft_docx::write(&document).unwrap();
+        let xml = document_xml(&bytes);
+        assert!(xml.contains(r#"<w:paperSrc w:first="261" w:other="260"/>"#), "cycle {cycle}: {xml}");
+        assert!(xml.contains(r#"<w:paperSrc w:first="12" w:other="34"/>"#), "cycle {cycle}: {xml}");
+        assert!(xml.contains("<w:noEndnote/>"), "cycle {cycle}: {xml}");
+        assert!(xml.contains(r#"<w:noEndnote w:val="0"/>"#), "cycle {cycle}: {xml}");
+        assert!(xml.contains(r#"<w15:footnoteColumns w:val="2"/>"#), "cycle {cycle}: {xml}");
+        assert!(xml.contains(r#"<w15:footnoteColumns w:val="3"/>"#), "cycle {cycle}: {xml}");
+        assert!(xml.contains(r#"w:chapStyle="1" w:chapSep="hyphen""#), "cycle {cycle}: {xml}");
+        assert!(xml.contains(r#"w:chapStyle="10" w:chapSep="colon""#), "cycle {cycle}: {xml}");
+        assert!(xml.contains("xmlns:w15=") && xml.contains("mc:Ignorable=\"w14 w15 wp14\""), "cycle {cycle}: {xml}");
+        document = wordcraft_docx::read(&bytes).unwrap();
+        let json = serde_json::to_vec(&document).unwrap();
+        document = serde_json::from_slice(&json).unwrap();
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn invalid_section_metadata_is_ignored_and_missing_values_stay_missing() {
+    let bytes = docx(
+        r#"<w:p><w:r><w:t>Text</w:t></w:r></w:p><w:sectPr><w:paperSrc w:first="65536" w:other="-1"/><w15:footnoteColumns w:val="0"/><w:pgNumType w:chapStyle="256" w:chapSep="invalid"/></w:sectPr>"#,
+    );
+    let mut d = wordcraft_docx::read(&bytes).unwrap();
+    let xml = document_xml(&wordcraft_docx::write(&d).unwrap());
+    assert!(!xml.contains("paperSrc"), "{xml}");
+    assert!(!xml.contains("footnoteColumns"), "{xml}");
+    assert!(!xml.contains("chapStyle") && !xml.contains("chapSep"), "{xml}");
+    assert!(!xml.contains("noEndnote"), "{xml}");
+
+    d.last_section.footnote_columns = Some(0);
+    let xml = document_xml(&wordcraft_docx::write(&d).unwrap());
+    assert!(!xml.contains("footnoteColumns"), "{xml}");
+}

crates/docx/tests/it/text_alignment.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+//! A paragraph's vertical text alignment (`w:textAlignment`, ECMA-376 Part 1 §17.3.1.39, values
+//! from ST_TextAlignment): read and written back as read, in the schema's place after `w:jc`.
+//! Word sizes a line by it when a list label is larger than the text, so a save that drops it
+//! moves every line after. Fixtures are hand-written from the spec.
+
+use std::io::{Read, Write};
+
+use wordcraft_doc::props::TextAlignment;
+
+fn docx(body: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let root = r#"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><Relationships xmlns="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/package/2006/relationships"><Relationship Id="rId1" Type="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/officeDocument" Target="word/document.xml"/></Relationships>"#;
+    let doc = format!(
+        r#"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?><w:document xmlns:w="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main"><w:body>{body}</w:body></w:document>"#
+    );
+    let mut zw = zip::ZipWriter::new(std::io::Cursor::new(Vec::new()));
+    for (name, bytes) in [("_rels/.rels", root.as_bytes()), ("word/document.xml", doc.as_bytes())] {
+        zw.start_file(name, zip::write::SimpleFileOptions::default()).unwrap();
+        zw.write_all(bytes).unwrap();
+    }
+    zw.finish().unwrap().into_inner()
+}
+
+fn document_xml(bytes: &[u8]) -> String {
+    let mut z = zip::ZipArchive::new(std::io::Cursor::new(bytes)).unwrap();
+    let mut s = String::new();
+    z.by_name("word/document.xml").unwrap().read_to_string(&mut s).unwrap();
+    s
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn text_alignment_is_written_back_as_read() {
+    let para = |ppr: &str, text: &str| format!(r#"<w:p><w:pPr>{ppr}</w:pPr><w:r><w:t>{text}</w:t></w:r></w:p>"#);
+    let body = [
+        para(r#"<w:jc w:val="center"/><w:textAlignment w:val="top"/><w:outlineLvl w:val="1"/>"#, "A"),
+        para(r#"<w:textAlignment w:val="center"/>"#, "B"),
+        para(r#"<w:textAlignment w:val="baseline"/>"#, "C"),
+        para(r#"<w:textAlignment w:val="bottom"/>"#, "D"),
+        para(r#"<w:textAlignment w:val="auto"/>"#, "E"),
+        para(r#"<w:textAlignment w:val="sideways"/>"#, "F"),
+        para("", "G"),
+    ]
+    .concat();
+    let d = wordcraft_docx::read(&docx(&body)).unwrap();
+    let got: Vec<Option<TextAlignment>> = d.body.iter().filter_map(|b| b.as_para()).map(|p| p.props.text_alignment).collect();
+    let want = vec![
+        Some(TextAlignment::Top),
+        Some(TextAlignment::Center),
+        Some(TextAlignment::Baseline),
+        Some(TextAlignment::Bottom),
+        Some(TextAlignment::Auto),
+        None,
+        None,
+    ];
+    assert_eq!(got, want);
+    let out = wordcraft_docx::write(&d).unwrap();
+    let xml = document_xml(&out);
+    assert!(xml.contains(r#"<w:jc w:val="center"/><w:textAlignment w:val="top"/><w:outlineLvl w:val="1"/>"#), "{xml}");
+    for v in ["center", "baseline", "bottom", "auto"] {
+        assert_eq!(xml.matches(&format!(r#"<w:textAlignment w:val="{v}"/>"#)).count(), 1, "{v}: {xml}");
+    }
+    assert_eq!(xml.matches("w:textAlignment").count(), 5, "an unknown value and none write nothing: {xml}");
+    let back = wordcraft_docx::read(&out).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(back.body.iter().filter_map(|b| b.as_para()).map(|p| p.props.text_alignment).collect::<Vec<_>>(), want);
+}

crates/docx/tests/it/text_boxes.rs

@@ -215,6 +215,7 @@ fn picture_in_box_keeps_its_frame() {
         alt: "Synthetic marker".into(),
         float: Default::default(),
         crop: [0.0; 4],
+        fx: Default::default(),
         ole: None,
     };
     let mut p = Paragraph::new();

crates/docx/tests/it/word_xml.rs

@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ fn wordml_2003_sample() -> String {
         <w:tr><w:tc><w:tcPr><w:tcW w:w="2000" w:type="dxa"/><w:vmerge w:val="restart"/></w:tcPr><w:p><w:r><w:t>A1</w:t></w:r></w:p></w:tc><w:tc><w:tcPr><w:tcW w:w="2000" w:type="dxa"/></w:tcPr><w:p><w:r><w:t>B1</w:t></w:r></w:p></w:tc></w:tr>
         <w:tr><w:tc><w:tcPr><w:tcW w:w="2000" w:type="dxa"/><w:vmerge/></w:tcPr><w:p/></w:tc><w:tc><w:tcPr><w:tcW w:w="2000" w:type="dxa"/></w:tcPr><w:p><w:r><w:t>B2</w:t></w:r></w:p></w:tc></w:tr>
       </w:tbl>
-      <w:p><w:r><w:pict><w:binData w:name="wordml://02000001.png">{png}</w:binData><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style="width:36pt;height:18pt"><v:imagedata src="wordml://02000001.png" o:title="dot"/></v:shape></w:pict></w:r></w:p>
+      <w:p><w:r><w:pict><w:binData w:name="wordml://02000001.png">{png}</w:binData><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style="width:36pt;height:18pt"><v:imagedata src="wordml://02000001.png" o:title="dot" gain="19661f" blacklevel="22938f"/></v:shape></w:pict></w:r></w:p>
       <w:sectPr>
         <w:hdr w:type="odd"><w:p><w:r><w:t>Garden header</w:t></w:r></w:p></w:hdr>
         <w:pgSz w:w="12240" w:h="15840"/><w:pgMar w:top="1440" w:right="1800" w:bottom="1440" w:left="1800" w:header="720" w:footer="720" w:gutter="0"/>
@@ -117,6 +117,16 @@ fn wordml_2003_sample() -> String {
     )
 }
 
+/// Word 2003 XML pictures keep Word's Washout (gain 0.3, black level 0.35) as brightness and
+/// contrast (#1711).
+#[test]
+fn word_2003_xml_picture_keeps_washout() {
+    let doc = read_xml(wordml_2003_sample().as_bytes()).unwrap();
+    let ps = paras(&doc);
+    let pic = ps.iter().flat_map(|p| p.objects.iter()).find(|o| matches!(o, InlineObject::Image { .. }));
+    assert!(matches!(pic, Some(InlineObject::Image { fx, .. }) if (fx.bright - 70_000).abs() <= 2 && (fx.contrast + 70_000).abs() <= 2), "{pic:?}");
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn imports_word_2003_xml() {
     let xml = wordml_2003_sample();

crates/docx/tests/it/wordml2003_write.rs

@@ -69,7 +69,16 @@ fn sample() -> Document {
     let mut img = Paragraph::new();
     img.insert_object(
         0,
-        InlineObject::Image { media: key, w: 30.0, h: 20.0, alt: "dot".into(), float: Default::default(), crop: [0.0; 4], ole: None },
+        InlineObject::Image {
+            media: key,
+            w: 30.0,
+            h: 20.0,
+            alt: "dot".into(),
+            float: Default::default(),
+            crop: [0.0; 4],
+            fx: Default::default(),
+            ole: None,
+        },
         &CharProps::default(),
     )
     .unwrap();
@@ -180,6 +189,48 @@ fn big_and_deep_documents_write() {
     }
 }
 
+/// Picture brightness and contrast (#1711) survive a Word 2003 XML save as VML `gain` and
+/// `blacklevel`; transparency has no place on `v:imagedata` and is dropped.
+#[test]
+fn picture_brightness_and_contrast_round_trip() {
+    use wordcraft_doc::picfx::PicFx;
+    let cases = [PicFx::new(70_000, -70_000, 0), PicFx::new(-30_000, 50_000, 40_000), PicFx::default()];
+    let mut d = Document::new();
+    let key = d.add_media(tiny_png(), "png");
+    d.body = cases
+        .iter()
+        .map(|fx| {
+            let mut p = Paragraph::new();
+            let pic = InlineObject::Image {
+                media: key.clone(),
+                w: 30.0,
+                h: 20.0,
+                alt: "dot".into(),
+                float: Default::default(),
+                crop: [0.0; 4],
+                fx: *fx,
+                ole: None,
+            };
+            p.insert_object(0, pic, &CharProps::default()).unwrap();
+            para_block(p)
+        })
+        .collect();
+    let xml = write_wordml2003(&d).expect("write");
+    let text = String::from_utf8_lossy(&xml);
+    assert!(text.contains(r#"gain="19661f""#) && text.contains(r#"blacklevel="22938f""#), "Word's Washout values");
+    let back = read_xml(&xml).expect("read");
+    let got: Vec<PicFx> = paras(&back)
+        .iter()
+        .flat_map(|p| p.objects.iter())
+        .filter_map(|o| if let InlineObject::Image { fx, .. } = o { Some(*fx) } else { None })
+        .collect();
+    assert_eq!(got.len(), cases.len());
+    for (g, want) in got.iter().zip(cases) {
+        let near = |a: i32, b: i32| (a - b).abs() <= 2;
+        assert!(near(g.bright, want.bright) && near(g.contrast, want.contrast) && g.transparency == 0, "{g:?} vs {want:?}");
+    }
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn shared_header_and_repeated_note_are_not_inlined_per_reference() {
     // #3652: one ~10 KB header shared by 1000 sections and one ~10 KB footnote referenced 500

crates/docx/tests/matrix_save_size.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//! A ragged equation matrix doesn't make the saved `document.xml` grow with rows × widest row
+//! (#3643): one wide row plus many empty rows used to be padded out to a full grid.
+
+use wordcraft_doc::math::{MNode, MRun, Math};
+use wordcraft_doc::para::InlineObject;
+use wordcraft_doc::props::CharProps;
+use wordcraft_doc::{Document, Paragraph, para_block};
+
+#[test]
+fn ragged_matrix_save_stays_small() {
+    let n = 5000;
+    let mut rows = vec![vec![vec![MNode::Run(MRun::new("a"))]; n]];
+    rows.extend(std::iter::repeat_with(Vec::new).take(n));
+    let math = Math { nodes: vec![MNode::Matrix { rows, col_jc: Vec::new() }], ..Default::default() };
+    let mut p = Paragraph::new();
+    p.insert_object(0, InlineObject::Equation { linear: String::new(), display: true, math }, &CharProps::default()).unwrap();
+    let mut doc = Document::new();
+    doc.body = vec![para_block(p)];
+    let bytes = wordcraft_docx::write(&doc).unwrap();
+    let mut zip = zip::ZipArchive::new(std::io::Cursor::new(&bytes)).unwrap();
+    let size = zip.by_name("word/document.xml").unwrap().size();
+    assert!(size < 1_000_000, "document.xml is {size} bytes");
+}

crates/engine/Cargo.toml

@@ -44,12 +44,15 @@ getrandom = { workspace = true }
 # Language packs (CP4.3): downloaded, verified and unpacked by the suite's font store.
 craft-font-store = { workspace = true }
 craft-font-catalog = { workspace = true }
+# The local time zone's offset for Insert ▸ Date & Time and date fields (#1707); the web asks the browser's Date.
+chrono = { workspace = true, features = ["clock"] }
 
 [target.'cfg(unix)'.dependencies]
 # O_NONBLOCK, so a path swapped for a named pipe can't block `open` (#3666).
 libc = { workspace = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
+wordcraft-doc = { workspace = true, features = ["test-support"] }
 encoding_rs = { workspace = true }
 zip = { workspace = true }
 cfb = { workspace = true }

crates/engine/src/cmd.rs

@@ -169,6 +169,9 @@ pub(crate) fn delete_selection_effect(s: &mut Session) -> Result<SelectionDelete
     if a == b {
         return Ok(SelectionDelete { at: a, content_changed: false, state_changed: false });
     }
+    if canvas::selected_member(s).is_some() {
+        return Err(CmdError::Disabled("a shape inside a drawing canvas is selected".into()));
+    }
     controls::check_delete(s, &a, &b)?;
     let effect = if s.doc.settings.track_changes {
         if !track_delete_would_change(s, &a, &b) {
@@ -186,7 +189,9 @@ pub(crate) fn delete_selection_effect(s: &mut Session) -> Result<SelectionDelete
     Ok(effect)
 }
 
-/// Delete the selection (respecting track changes); returns the collapsed position.
+/// Delete the selection (respecting track changes); returns the collapsed position. With a
+/// Drawing Canvas member picked (#2637) the selection is the whole canvas, which a command that
+/// replaces the selection (Insert › Table, Equation, Symbol, Field…) would take away: refused.
 pub fn delete_selection(s: &mut Session) -> Result<Pos, CmdError> {
     delete_selection_effect(s).map(|e| e.at)
 }
@@ -548,6 +553,59 @@ pub fn now_iso() -> String {
     iso_from_unix_secs(now_unix())
 }
 
+/// The local time zone's offset from UTC in seconds (east positive) at `unix`, daylight saving
+/// included: the system's zone, or the browser's on the web. 0 (UTC) when it can't be found.
+pub fn local_offset_secs(unix: u64) -> i64 {
+    system_offset_secs(unix).clamp(-26 * 3600, 26 * 3600)
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+fn system_offset_secs(unix: u64) -> i64 {
+    use chrono::Offset;
+    let Some(utc) = i64::try_from(unix).ok().and_then(|secs| chrono::DateTime::from_timestamp(secs, 0)) else {
+        return 0;
+    };
+    // chrono's `Local` has internal `expect`s (unreadable zone data, an unmapped Windows year), so
+    // fence it: a failure means UTC, never a crash. A caught panic is still reported by the app's
+    // panic hook (logged, no abort); the document is untouched.
+    std::panic::catch_unwind(|| i64::from(utc.with_timezone(&chrono::Local).offset().fix().local_minus_utc())).unwrap_or(0)
+}
+
+/// On the web the browser's `Date` gives the offset directly (chrono isn't used there).
+#[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", target_os = "unknown"))]
+fn system_offset_secs(unix: u64) -> i64 {
+    let ms = (unix as f64) * 1000.0;
+    if !ms.is_finite() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    // `getTimezoneOffset` is minutes *west* of UTC (UTC+13 gives -780); NaN for an invalid date.
+    let west_min = js_sys::Date::new(&js_sys::wasm_bindgen::JsValue::from_f64(ms)).get_timezone_offset();
+    if west_min.is_finite() && west_min.abs() <= 26.0 * 60.0 { -(west_min as i64) * 60 } else { 0 }
+}
+
+/// Other wasm targets (WASI) have neither chrono's clock nor a browser: UTC.
+#[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "unknown")))]
+fn system_offset_secs(_unix: u64) -> i64 {
+    0
+}
+
+/// The local civil date and time now: see [`local_civil`].
+pub fn local_now() -> (i64, u32, u32, (u32, u32, u32), i64) {
+    let now = now_unix();
+    local_civil(now, local_offset_secs(now))
+}
+
+/// Local civil date and time for an instant: (year, month, day, (hour, minute, second), days since
+/// 1970-01-01 of that local day, for the weekday). `offset_secs` is the local zone's offset from
+/// UTC (east positive). Saturating, so a hostile offset or clock never overflows.
+pub fn local_civil(unix: u64, offset_secs: i64) -> (i64, u32, u32, (u32, u32, u32), i64) {
+    let local = i64::try_from(unix).unwrap_or(i64::MAX).saturating_add(offset_secs);
+    let days = local.div_euclid(86_400);
+    let t = local.rem_euclid(86_400) as u32;
+    let (y, m, d) = civil_from_days(days);
+    (y, m, d, (t / 3600, t / 60 % 60, t % 60), days)
+}
+
 /// Days since 1970-01-01 → (year, month, day).
 ///
 /// `NaiveDate` only covers about ±262143 years, but this is reached by the system clock (and by

crates/engine/src/cmd/canvas.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,10 @@
 //! top-left corner, unscaled). While a canvas is selected, Insert › Pictures, Shapes and Text Box
 //! put the new object inside it ([`add_member`]). Fit, Expand and Scale Drawing change its frame;
 //! Shape Fill and Shape Outline colour its background and border.
+//!
+//! A member can be picked on its own (#2637, `select.member`; a click on it does this): Shape
+//! Format, Size, Rotate, Alt Text, Delete, Cut and Copy then act on that member, and Move or
+//! Resize and Nudge move it inside the canvas. The canvas stays the selection in the text.
 
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
 use wordcraft_doc::para::{CanvasStyle, Float, GroupChild, InlineObject, MAX_GROUP_CHILDREN};
@@ -14,6 +18,29 @@ use super::objects::object_selection;
 use super::{delete_selection, sel_result};
 use crate::{CmdError, CmdResult, CommandSpec, Selection, Session, p};
 
+/// A member of the selected canvas picked on its own: its index, and the selection it was picked
+/// in (it counts only while that selection stands).
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
+pub struct CanvasMember {
+    sel: Selection,
+    pub index: usize,
+}
+
+/// The canvas member picked on its own: the canvas's position, the member's index and the member.
+pub fn selected_member(s: &Session) -> Option<(Pos, usize, &InlineObject)> {
+    let m = s.member.as_ref().filter(|m| m.sel == s.sel)?;
+    let (pos, canvas) = selected_canvas(s)?;
+    let InlineObject::Group { children, .. } = canvas else { return None };
+    let c = children.get(m.index).filter(|c| pickable(c))?;
+    Some((pos, m.index, &c.obj))
+}
+
+/// Whether a member can be picked on its own: a picture, shape or text box that is drawn (a
+/// group inside a canvas isn't, nor a hidden member).
+pub fn pickable(c: &GroupChild) -> bool {
+    c.obj.is_drawing() && !matches!(c.obj, InlineObject::Group { .. }) && !c.obj.frame().is_some_and(|(_, _, f)| f.hidden)
+}
+
 /// Largest canvas side and member offset, points (well past any page).
 const MAX_SIDE: f32 = 4000.0;
 /// Smallest canvas side, points.
@@ -47,6 +74,10 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
         CommandSpec::new("canvas.scale", "Scale Drawing", "Shape Format › Drawing Canvas", scale)
             .params(r#"{"factor": number (0.1–10)}  (scales the frame and every member together)"#)
             .when(has_canvas),
+        CommandSpec::new("select.member", "Select Canvas Member", "Shape Format › Drawing Canvas", select_member)
+            .params(r#"{"index": n | null}  (picks member `index` of the selected drawing canvas on its own: Shape Format, Size, Rotate, Alt Text, Delete, Cut and Copy then act on it, and Move or Resize and Nudge move it inside the canvas; null: the canvas itself again)"#)
+            .when(has_canvas)
+            .pure(),
         CommandSpec::new("canvas.member", "Canvas Member", "Shape Format › Drawing Canvas", member)
             .params(r#"{"index": n, "x"?: pt, "y"?: pt, "width"?: pt, "height"?: pt, "delete"?: bool}  (moves, resizes or removes member `index` of the selected canvas; x/y from the canvas's top-left; with no change, returns the members)"#)
             .when(has_canvas),
@@ -224,9 +255,171 @@ fn member(s: &mut Session, v: &Value) -> CmdResult {
             c.obj.set_size(nw.unwrap_or(w0).clamp(1.0, MAX_SIDE), nh.unwrap_or(h0).clamp(1.0, MAX_SIDE));
         }
     })?;
+    // The indices after a removed member shift down, so a picked member would name another one.
+    if delete {
+        s.member = None;
+    }
     result(&o)
 }
 
+/// `select.member`: pick a member of the selected canvas on its own, or (`null`) the canvas again.
+fn select_member(s: &mut Session, v: &Value) -> CmdResult {
+    let Some((_, InlineObject::Group { children, .. })) = selected_canvas(s) else {
+        return Err(CmdError::Disabled("select a drawing canvas first".into()));
+    };
+    let index = match v.get("index") {
+        None | Some(Value::Null) => None,
+        Some(_) => {
+            Some(p::u64(v, "index").and_then(|i| usize::try_from(i).ok()).ok_or_else(|| CmdError::Params("`index` is a member number".into()))?)
+        }
+    };
+    let Some(i) = index else {
+        s.member = None;
+        return sel_result(s);
+    };
+    let count = children.len();
+    let c = children.get(i).ok_or_else(|| CmdError::Params(format!("no member {i} (the canvas has {count})")))?;
+    if !pickable(c) {
+        return Err(CmdError::Params(format!("member {i} can't be selected on its own")));
+    }
+    let (w, h) = c.obj.frame().map(|(w, h, _)| (w, h)).unwrap_or((0.0, 0.0));
+    let out = json!({"index": i, "x": c.x, "y": c.y, "width": w, "height": h, "object": serde_json::to_value(&c.obj).unwrap_or(Value::Null)});
+    s.member = Some(CanvasMember { sel: s.sel.clone(), index: i });
+    Ok(out)
+}
+
+/// Delete, Backspace (and their word forms), Cut and Copy with a member picked act on the member
+/// alone; the canvas stays selected. Typing and pasting, which would replace the whole canvas,
+/// are disabled. `None`: another command, or no member picked.
+pub(crate) fn member_command(s: &mut Session, id: &str, _: &Value) -> Option<CmdResult> {
+    let replaces = (id.starts_with("text.") && id != "text.overtype")
+        || matches!(
+            id,
+            "edit.paste" | "edit.pasteText" | "edit.pasteMerge" | "edit.pasteSpecial" | "edit.pasteClipboardItem" | "edit.pasteAllClipboard"
+        );
+    if !replaces && !matches!(id, "edit.cut" | "edit.copy") {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let (pos, index, _) = selected_member(s)?;
+    Some(match id {
+        "edit.copy" => copy_member(s, &pos, index),
+        "edit.cut" => copy_member(s, &pos, index).and_then(|r| remove_member(s, &pos, index).map(|_| r)),
+        "text.delete" | "text.backspace" | "text.deleteWordBack" | "text.deleteWordForward" => {
+            remove_member(s, &pos, index).and_then(|_| sel_result(s))
+        }
+        _ => Err(CmdError::Disabled("a shape inside a drawing canvas is selected".into())),
+    })
+}
+
+/// Copy member `index` of the canvas at `pos` alone: pasted, it is a picture or shape of its own.
+fn copy_member(s: &mut Session, pos: &Pos, index: usize) -> CmdResult {
+    let end = Pos { off: pos.off + wordcraft_doc::para::OBJ.len_utf8(), ..pos.clone() };
+    let mut f = s.doc.copy_range(pos, &end);
+    let mut copied = false;
+    for b in &mut f.blocks {
+        let wordcraft_doc::Block::Para(p) = b else { continue };
+        for o in &mut p.objects {
+            if let InlineObject::Group { children, canvas: Some(_), .. } = o
+                && let Some(c) = children.get(index)
+            {
+                *o = c.obj.clone();
+                copied = true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if !copied {
+        return Err(CmdError::Failed("the member vanished".into()));
+    }
+    s.clipboard_text = f.clipboard_text();
+    s.clip_history.push(&f, &s.clipboard_text);
+    s.clipboard = Some(f);
+    Ok(super::edit::copy_result(s))
+}
+
+/// Take member `index` out of the canvas at `pos`; the canvas stays selected.
+fn remove_member(s: &mut Session, pos: &Pos, index: usize) -> Result<(), CmdError> {
+    edit_canvas(s, pos, |_, _, children| {
+        if index < children.len() {
+            children.remove(index);
+        }
+    })?;
+    s.member = None;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Move or Resize with a member picked: `x`/`y` (the page point of its top-left, as dragging its
+/// frame gives it) and the size become its place and size in the canvas. `None`: no member.
+pub(crate) fn member_bounds(s: &mut Session, v: &Value) -> Option<CmdResult> {
+    let (pos, index, obj) = selected_member(s)?;
+    let (w0, h0, _) = obj.frame()?;
+    let min = super::objects::min_size(obj);
+    let to = match (p::f32(v, "x"), p::f32(v, "y")) {
+        (Some(x), Some(y)) => Some((x, y)),
+        (None, None) => None,
+        _ => return Some(Err(CmdError::Params("`x` and `y` go together".into()))),
+    };
+    // `x`/`y` are on the canvas's page: a drop on another page would put the member outside it.
+    if to.is_some()
+        && let Some(page) = p::u64(v, "page").and_then(|n| usize::try_from(n).ok())
+        && s.layout().object(&pos, s.page_hint).is_some_and(|o| o.page != page)
+    {
+        return Some(Err(CmdError::Disabled("a shape can't leave its drawing canvas".into())));
+    }
+    let (nw, nh) = (p::f32(v, "width"), p::f32(v, "height"));
+    Some(edit_member(s, &pos, index, |frame, (sx, sy), c| {
+        if let Some((x, y)) = to {
+            c.x = ((x - frame.x) / sx).clamp(-MAX_SIDE, MAX_SIDE);
+            c.y = ((y - frame.y) / sy).clamp(-MAX_SIDE, MAX_SIDE);
+        }
+        let w = nw.map_or(w0, |w| w / sx).clamp(min, MAX_SIDE);
+        let h = nh.map_or(h0, |h| h / sy).clamp(min, MAX_SIDE);
+        if (w, h) != (w0, h0) {
+            c.obj.set_size(w, h);
+        }
+    }))
+}
+
+/// Nudge with a member picked: it moves inside the canvas. `None`: no member.
+pub(crate) fn member_nudge(s: &mut Session, dx: f32, dy: f32) -> Option<CmdResult> {
+    let (pos, index, _) = selected_member(s)?;
+    Some(edit_member(s, &pos, index, |_, (sx, sy), c| {
+        c.x = (c.x + dx / sx).clamp(-MAX_SIDE, MAX_SIDE);
+        c.y = (c.y + dy / sy).clamp(-MAX_SIDE, MAX_SIDE);
+    }))
+}
+
+/// Change member `index` of the canvas at `pos`: `f` gets the canvas's frame on the page, the
+/// scale of its members' space and the member.
+fn edit_member(s: &mut Session, pos: &Pos, index: usize, f: impl FnOnce(wordcraft_geom::Rect, (f32, f32), &mut GroupChild)) -> CmdResult {
+    let frame = s.layout().object(pos, s.page_hint).ok_or_else(|| CmdError::Failed("the drawing canvas isn't laid out".into()))?.rect;
+    let canvas =
+        s.doc.para_at(pos).and_then(|p| p.object_at(pos.off)).cloned().ok_or_else(|| CmdError::Failed("the drawing canvas vanished".into()))?;
+    let scale = canvas.group_scale(frame.w, frame.h);
+    let mut f = Some(f);
+    let canvas = edit_canvas(s, pos, |_, _, children| {
+        if let (Some(c), Some(f)) = (children.get_mut(index), f.take()) {
+            f(frame, scale, c);
+        }
+    })?;
+    let InlineObject::Group { children, .. } = &canvas else { return result(&canvas) };
+    let member = children.get(index).map(|c| serde_json::to_value(&c.obj).unwrap_or(Value::Null)).unwrap_or(Value::Null);
+    Ok(json!({"object": member, "pos": super::pos_json(pos), "member": index}))
+}
+
+/// Change the picked member's own object (Shape Format, Size, Rotate, Alt Text) when `pos` is its
+/// canvas. `None`: no member picked there.
+pub(crate) fn edit_member_object(s: &mut Session, pos: &Pos, f: impl Fn(&mut InlineObject)) -> Option<Result<InlineObject, CmdError>> {
+    let (at, index, _) = selected_member(s).filter(|(at, ..)| at == pos)?;
+    let mut out = None;
+    let r = edit_canvas(s, &at, |_, _, children| {
+        if let Some(c) = children.get_mut(index) {
+            f(&mut c.obj);
+            out = Some(c.obj.clone());
+        }
+    });
+    Some(r.and_then(|_| out.ok_or_else(|| CmdError::Failed("the member vanished".into()))))
+}
+
 /// Shape Fill and Shape Outline on a selected canvas colour its background and border.
 pub fn style_mut(o: &mut InlineObject) -> Option<&mut CanvasStyle> {
     match o {
@@ -327,4 +520,131 @@ mod tests {
     fn canvas_in_text(s: &Session) -> InlineObject {
         s.doc.body.first().and_then(|b| b.as_para()).and_then(|p| p.objects.first()).cloned().unwrap()
     }
+
+    fn member_fill(o: &InlineObject, i: usize) -> Option<wordcraft_doc::fill::Fill> {
+        let InlineObject::Group { children, .. } = o else { panic!("{o:?}") };
+        match &children[i].obj {
+            InlineObject::Shape { fill, .. } => fill.clone(),
+            o => panic!("{o:?}"),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// #2637: a shape inside a drawing canvas can be picked on its own, as in Word. Shape Format,
+    /// Move or Resize, Nudge, Delete and Copy then act on it rather than on the whole canvas,
+    /// which stays the selection in the text; the commands that place an object in the text
+    /// (wrapping, position) don't apply to it.
+    #[test]
+    fn a_canvas_member_is_selected_and_changed_on_its_own() {
+        let mut s = Session::new(wordcraft_doc::Document::new());
+        s.run("insert.canvas", &json!({"width": 400, "height": 300})).unwrap();
+        s.run("insert.shape", &json!({"kind": "rectangle", "width": 100, "height": 40})).unwrap();
+        s.run("insert.shape", &json!({"kind": "ellipse", "width": 50, "height": 50})).unwrap();
+        s.run("canvas.member", &json!({"index": 0, "x": 40, "y": 30})).unwrap();
+        s.run("canvas.member", &json!({"index": 1, "x": 200, "y": 100})).unwrap();
+        let canvas_sel = s.sel.clone();
+        assert!(s.run("select.member", &json!({"index": 5})).is_err(), "no such member");
+        s.run("select.member", &json!({"index": 1})).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(selected_member(&s).map(|(_, i, _)| i), Some(1));
+        assert_eq!(s.sel, canvas_sel, "the canvas stays the selection in the text");
+
+        // Shape Fill colours the member, not the canvas or the other member.
+        let other = member_fill(&canvas(&s), 0);
+        s.run("shape.fill", &json!({"color": "FF0000"})).unwrap();
+        let c = canvas(&s);
+        assert_eq!(member_fill(&c, 1), wordcraft_doc::props::Rgb::parse("FF0000").map(wordcraft_doc::fill::Fill::solid));
+        assert_eq!(member_fill(&c, 0), other);
+        assert_eq!(c.canvas_style().and_then(|st| st.fill.clone()), None);
+        assert!(selected_member(&s).is_some(), "still picked after a change");
+
+        // Dragging its frame: the page point becomes its place in the canvas.
+        let frame = s.layout().object(&selected_canvas(&s).unwrap().0, 0).unwrap().rect;
+        s.run("arrange.bounds", &json!({"page": 0, "x": frame.x + 10.0, "y": frame.y + 20.0, "width": 60, "height": 30})).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(members(&canvas(&s))[1], (10.0, 20.0, 60.0, 30.0));
+        assert_eq!(canvas(&s).frame().map(|(w, h, _)| (w, h)), Some((400.0, 300.0)), "the canvas keeps its frame");
+        s.run("arrange.nudge", &json!({"dx": 6, "dy": -6})).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(members(&canvas(&s))[1], (16.0, 14.0, 60.0, 30.0));
+        assert!(s.run("arrange.wrap", &json!({"wrap": "square"})).is_err(), "the canvas places its members");
+
+        // Copy puts the member alone on the clipboard; Delete takes it out of the canvas.
+        s.run("edit.copy", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        let clip = s.clipboard.clone().unwrap();
+        let copied: Vec<&InlineObject> = clip.blocks.iter().filter_map(|b| b.as_para()).flat_map(|p| p.objects.iter()).collect();
+        assert!(matches!(copied.as_slice(), [InlineObject::Shape { kind: wordcraft_doc::para::ShapeKind::Ellipse, .. }]), "{copied:?}");
+        s.run("text.delete", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(members(&canvas(&s)), [(40.0, 30.0, 100.0, 40.0)]);
+        assert!(selected_member(&s).is_none());
+        assert_eq!(s.sel, canvas_sel, "the canvas is still selected");
+        // Undo puts the member back.
+        s.run("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(members(&canvas_in_text(&s)).len(), 2);
+
+        // Picking the canvas again (or anything else) ends the member's selection.
+        s.run("select.objects", &json!({"index": 0})).unwrap();
+        s.run("select.member", &json!({"index": 0})).unwrap();
+        s.run("select.member", &json!({"index": null})).unwrap();
+        assert!(selected_member(&s).is_none());
+        s.run("select.member", &json!({"index": 0})).unwrap();
+        s.run("caret.docEnd", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        assert!(selected_member(&s).is_none());
+        // Pasted outside the canvas, the copied member is a shape of its own in the text.
+        s.run("edit.paste", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        let para = s.doc.body.first().and_then(|b| b.as_para()).unwrap();
+        assert!(matches!(para.objects.last(), Some(InlineObject::Shape { kind: wordcraft_doc::para::ShapeKind::Ellipse, .. })), "{:?}", para.objects);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn typing_or_removing_a_member_never_hits_another_shape_or_the_canvas() {
+        let mut s = Session::new(wordcraft_doc::Document::new());
+        s.run("insert.canvas", &json!({"width": 400, "height": 300})).unwrap();
+        s.run("insert.shape", &json!({"kind": "rectangle", "width": 100, "height": 40})).unwrap();
+        s.run("insert.shape", &json!({"kind": "ellipse", "width": 50, "height": 50})).unwrap();
+        s.run("select.member", &json!({"index": 1})).unwrap();
+
+        // Typing or pasting would replace the whole canvas: refused, and the member stays picked.
+        for (id, v) in [
+            ("text.insert", json!({"text": "x"})),
+            ("text.newParagraph", json!({})),
+            ("edit.paste", json!({"text": "x"})),
+            ("edit.pasteText", json!({"text": "x"})),
+        ] {
+            assert!(matches!(s.run(id, &v), Err(CmdError::Disabled(_))), "{id}");
+            assert_eq!(members(&canvas(&s)).len(), 2, "{id}");
+        }
+        assert_eq!(selected_member(&s).map(|(_, i, _)| i), Some(1));
+        // Ctrl+Backspace removes the member alone, like Backspace.
+        s.run("text.deleteWordBack", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        let sizes: Vec<(f32, f32)> = members(&canvas(&s)).iter().map(|m| (m.2, m.3)).collect();
+        assert_eq!(sizes, [(100.0, 40.0)], "the ellipse went, the rectangle stays");
+        assert!(selected_member(&s).is_none());
+
+        // Removing an earlier member through `canvas.member` drops the pick: its index would now
+        // name the next member.
+        s.run("insert.shape", &json!({"kind": "ellipse", "width": 50, "height": 50})).unwrap();
+        s.run("insert.shape", &json!({"kind": "rectangle", "width": 20, "height": 20})).unwrap();
+        s.run("select.member", &json!({"index": 1})).unwrap();
+        s.run("canvas.member", &json!({"index": 0, "delete": true})).unwrap();
+        assert!(selected_member(&s).is_none(), "the pick doesn't slide onto the member that moved up");
+
+        // Commands that replace the selection (the whole canvas) are refused too.
+        s.run("select.member", &json!({"index": 0})).unwrap();
+        for (id, v) in [
+            ("insert.table", json!({"rows": 1, "cols": 1})),
+            ("table.quick", json!({})),
+            ("insert.equation", json!({})),
+            ("insert.symbol", json!({"char": "§"})),
+            ("insert.field", json!({"instr": "AUTHOR"})),
+            ("insert.pageBreak", json!({})),
+        ] {
+            assert!(s.run(id, &v).is_err(), "{id}");
+            assert_eq!(members(&canvas(&s)).len(), 2, "{id}: the canvas and its members stay");
+        }
+        // Moving the member: on the canvas's page it moves; a drop on another page is refused.
+        let frame = s.layout().object(&selected_canvas(&s).unwrap().0, 0).unwrap();
+        let before = members(&canvas(&s));
+        let other = frame.page + 1;
+        assert!(matches!(s.run("arrange.bounds", &json!({"page": other, "x": 100, "y": 100})), Err(CmdError::Disabled(_))));
+        assert_eq!(members(&canvas(&s)), before);
+        s.run("arrange.bounds", &json!({"page": frame.page, "x": frame.rect.x + 5.0, "y": frame.rect.y + 5.0})).unwrap();
+        assert_ne!(members(&canvas(&s)), before);
+    }
 }

crates/engine/src/cmd/caret.rs

@@ -323,6 +323,7 @@ fn select_all(s: &mut Session, v: &Value) -> CmdResult {
     }
     let st = s.sel.focus.story;
     s.sel = Selection { anchor: s.doc.start_of(st), focus: s.doc.end_of(st) };
+    s.pending = None;
     s.column = None;
     s.column_mode = false;
     sel_result(s)
@@ -332,6 +333,7 @@ fn select_range(s: &mut Session, v: &Value) -> CmdResult {
     let a = v.get("anchor").and_then(parse_pos).ok_or_else(|| CmdError::Params("bad `anchor`".into()))?;
     let b = v.get("focus").and_then(parse_pos).ok_or_else(|| CmdError::Params("bad `focus`".into()))?;
     s.sel = Selection { anchor: s.doc.clamp(&a), focus: s.doc.clamp(&b) };
+    s.pending = None;
     sel_result(s)
 }
 
@@ -392,6 +394,7 @@ fn select_unit(s: &mut Session, unit: Unit) -> CmdResult {
     if s.doc.para_at(&f).is_some() {
         let (a, b) = unit_range(s, &f, unit);
         s.sel = Selection { anchor: a, focus: b };
+        s.pending = None;
     }
     sel_result(s)
 }
@@ -486,6 +489,9 @@ fn select_text(s: &mut Session, v: &Value) -> CmdResult {
             if count == n {
                 s.sel =
                     Selection { anchor: Pos { story, path: path.clone(), off: i }, focus: Pos { story, path: path.clone(), off: i + needle.len() } };
+                // Formatting picked for the old caret doesn't carry over (as `select.word`): what
+                // replaces the selection takes its formatting.
+                s.pending = None;
                 return sel_result(s);
             }
         }

crates/engine/src/cmd/citations/generated.rs

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ const MAX_WRAPPED: usize = 10_000;
 /// A generated list (index, bibliography, table of figures or authorities) held as a complex
 /// field that starts at body block `i` and runs over its entries: its field code and the block
 /// it ends in. `None` for anything else (a TOC has its own update).
-fn wrapped_list(s: &Session, i: usize) -> Option<(String, usize, usize)> {
+fn wrapped_list(s: &Session, i: usize) -> Option<(String, usize, usize, usize)> {
     let p = s.doc.body.get(i)?.as_para()?;
     let (k, off, instr) = p.objects_with_offsets().enumerate().find_map(|(k, (off, o))| match o {
         InlineObject::FieldStart { instr, .. } => {
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ fn wrapped_list(s: &Session, i: usize) -> Option<(String, usize, usize)> {
                 InlineObject::FieldEnd => {
                     depth = depth.saturating_sub(1);
                     if depth == 0 {
-                        return Some((instr, j, at + wordcraft_doc::para::OBJ.len_utf8()));
+                        return Some((instr, off, j, at + wordcraft_doc::para::OBJ.len_utf8()));
                     }
                 }
                 _ => {}
@@ -108,13 +108,18 @@ fn wrapped_list(s: &Session, i: usize) -> Option<(String, usize, usize)> {
 }
 
 fn list_kind(p: &Paragraph) -> Option<String> {
-    p.objects.iter().find_map(|o| match o {
+    p.objects.iter().find_map(list_field)
+}
+
+/// The field code of `o` when it is a generated list's field.
+fn list_field(o: &InlineObject) -> Option<String> {
+    match o {
         InlineObject::Field { instr, .. } => {
             let t = instr.trim_start();
             (t.starts_with("BIBLIOGRAPHY") || t.starts_with("INDEX") || t.starts_with("TOA") || figures_label(t).is_some()).then(|| t.to_string())
         }
         _ => None,
-    })
+    }
 }
 
 /// The caption label (SEQ identifier) a table-of-figures field lists, `\c` or `\a`.
@@ -198,12 +203,15 @@ pub fn update_generated(s: &mut Session) -> Result<(), CmdError> {
         // field's own paragraph, as WordCraft inserts one, its old entries rebuilt below.
         // What follows its closing field end, and its first paragraph's properties and section
         // break, are the document's and stay.
-        if let Some((instr, last, end)) = wrapped_list(s, i) {
+        // (The field it is made: what comes before it in its paragraph may hold other fields.)
+        let mut converted = None;
+        if let Some((instr, start, last, end)) = wrapped_list(s, i) {
             // The entries between its first and last paragraphs go.
             for _ in i.saturating_add(1)..last {
                 s.doc.remove_block(StoryRef::Body, &Path::top(i + 1))?;
             }
-            // Its first paragraph keeps only the field; its last (or, ending in its first, the
+            // Its first paragraph keeps what comes before the field (bookmarks, other fields)
+            // and the field; its last (or, ending in its first, the
             // same) loses what is up to and through the field end, and goes when nothing is left
             // of it and it ends no section.
             let first_end = if last > i {
@@ -217,28 +225,38 @@ pub fn update_generated(s: &mut Session) -> Result<(), CmdError> {
                 end
             };
             let p = s.doc.para_mut(StoryRef::Body, &Path::top(i))?;
-            p.delete(0, first_end)?;
+            p.delete(start, first_end)?;
+            converted = Some(instr.trim_start().to_string());
             p.insert_object(
-                0,
+                start,
                 InlineObject::Field { instr, result: String::new(), locked: false, dirty: false, code: false, form: String::new() },
                 &Default::default(),
             )?;
             // What followed the field end in its own paragraph comes after the list, in a
             // paragraph of its own that takes the section break.
-            let field = wordcraft_doc::para::OBJ.len_utf8();
+            let field = start + wordcraft_doc::para::OBJ.len_utf8();
             if p.len() > field {
                 let rest = p.split_off(field)?;
                 s.doc.insert_block(StoryRef::Body, &Path::top(i + 1), Block::Para(rest))?;
             }
+            // Another list's field before it would be the paragraph's list on later updates (and
+            // have its shown list cleared with this one's): the list gets a paragraph of its own,
+            // after it, and each is rebuilt in its turn.
+            let p = s.doc.para_mut(StoryRef::Body, &Path::top(i))?;
+            if p.objects_with_offsets().any(|(off, o)| off < start && list_field(o).is_some()) {
+                let list = p.split_off(start)?;
+                s.doc.insert_block(StoryRef::Body, &Path::top(i + 1), Block::Para(list))?;
+                converted = None;
+            }
         }
-        let kind = s.doc.body.get(i).and_then(|b| b.as_para()).and_then(list_kind);
+        let kind = converted.or_else(|| s.doc.body.get(i).and_then(|b| b.as_para()).and_then(list_kind));
         let Some(kind) = kind else {
             i += 1;
             continue;
         };
         add_entry_style(s);
         if kind.starts_with("INDEX") {
-            crate::cmd::index::rebuild(s, i, None)?;
+            crate::cmd::index::rebuild_from(s, i, None, kind)?;
             i += 1;
             continue;
         }
@@ -432,7 +450,7 @@ mod tests {
             p.insert_object(n, InlineObject::FieldEnd, &props).unwrap();
         }
         let s = Session::new(d);
-        assert_eq!(wrapped_list(&s, 0).map(|(instr, last, _)| (instr, last)), Some(("BIBLIOGRAPHY".to_string(), 1)));
+        assert_eq!(wrapped_list(&s, 0).map(|(instr, _, last, _)| (instr, last)), Some(("BIBLIOGRAPHY".to_string(), 1)));
     }
 
     /// A wrapped list as a session holds it: the field starting paragraph `first`'s text, ending
@@ -487,4 +505,56 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(t.get(1).map(String::as_str), Some(" Then this"), "{t:?}");
         assert_eq!(t.last().map(String::as_str), Some("Below"));
     }
+
+    /// What comes before a wrapped list's field in its first paragraph (a bookmark, an empty
+    /// `PAGE` field) stays there, before the rebuilt list's field.
+    #[test]
+    fn what_comes_before_a_wrapped_lists_field_stays() {
+        let mut s = wrapped("Old one\nOld two\nBelow", 0, 1, "Old two".len());
+        let props = CharProps::default();
+        if let Ok(p) = s.doc.para_mut(StoryRef::Body, &Path::top(0)) {
+            p.insert_object(0, InlineObject::FieldEnd, &props).unwrap();
+            p.insert_object(0, InlineObject::FieldStart { instr: "PAGE".into(), locked: false, dirty: false }, &props).unwrap();
+            p.insert_object(0, InlineObject::BookmarkStart { name: "Sources".into() }, &props).unwrap();
+        }
+        update_generated(&mut s).unwrap();
+        let first = s.doc.body.first().and_then(|b| b.as_para());
+        let kinds: Vec<&str> = first
+            .map(|p| {
+                p.objects
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|o| match o {
+                        InlineObject::BookmarkStart { .. } => "bookmark",
+                        InlineObject::FieldStart { instr, .. } if instr == "PAGE" => "page",
+                        InlineObject::FieldEnd => "end",
+                        InlineObject::Field { instr, .. } if instr.starts_with("BIBLIOGRAPHY") => "list",
+                        _ => "other",
+                    })
+                    .collect()
+            })
+            .unwrap_or_default();
+        assert_eq!(kinds, ["bookmark", "page", "end", "list"]);
+        assert_eq!(texts(&s), ["", "Below"]);
+    }
+
+    /// A list field before a wrapped list's field in its paragraph doesn't take its place: the
+    /// wrapped list is the one rebuilt.
+    #[test]
+    fn a_wrapped_list_is_rebuilt_as_itself_after_another_list_field() {
+        let mut s = wrapped("Old one\nOld two\nBelow", 0, 1, "Old two".len());
+        s.doc.sources.push(wordcraft_doc::Source { tag: "a".into(), kind: "book".into(), title: "Listed Source".into(), ..Default::default() });
+        let index =
+            InlineObject::Field { instr: "INDEX".into(), result: String::new(), locked: false, dirty: false, code: false, form: String::new() };
+        if let Ok(p) = s.doc.para_mut(StoryRef::Body, &Path::top(0)) {
+            p.insert_object(0, index, &CharProps::default()).unwrap();
+        }
+        // Updated again, each list stays itself.
+        for _ in 0..2 {
+            update_generated(&mut s).unwrap();
+            let t = texts(&s);
+            assert_eq!(t.iter().filter(|t| t.contains("Listed Source")).count(), 1, "the bibliography was rebuilt: {t:?}");
+            let lists: Vec<Option<String>> = s.doc.body.iter().filter_map(|b| b.as_para()).filter_map(list_kind).map(Some).collect();
+            assert_eq!(lists, [Some("INDEX".to_string()), Some("BIBLIOGRAPHY".to_string())]);
+        }
+    }
 }

crates/engine/src/cmd/citations/sources.rs

@@ -201,7 +201,11 @@ pub(super) fn bib_order(doc: &Document, st: &CiteStyle, lang: Option<String>) ->
     let mut idx: Vec<usize> = if cited.is_empty() {
         (0..doc.sources.len()).collect()
     } else if st.order == Order::Cited {
-        cited.iter().filter_map(|t| doc.sources.iter().position(|x| &x.tag == t)).collect()
+        let mut by_tag = std::collections::HashMap::new();
+        for (i, source) in doc.sources.iter().enumerate() {
+            by_tag.entry(source.tag.as_str()).or_insert(i);
+        }
+        cited.iter().filter_map(|t| by_tag.get(t.as_str()).copied()).collect()
     } else {
         let cited: std::collections::HashSet<&str> = cited.iter().map(String::as_str).collect();
         doc.sources.iter().enumerate().filter(|(_, x)| cited.contains(x.tag.as_str())).map(|(i, _)| i).collect()
@@ -233,6 +237,21 @@ pub fn update_citations(s: &mut Session) -> Result<(), CmdError> {
 fn refresh_citations(s: &mut Session) -> Result<(), CmdError> {
     let st = style(&s.bib_style);
     let order = bib_order(&s.doc, st, crate::cmd::default_lang(s));
+    // Native data can repeat tags: keep the first source record and, independently, the first
+    // bibliography position with that tag. Own the keys so paragraph writes don't borrow sources.
+    let fallback = order.len().saturating_add(1);
+    let mut by_tag = std::collections::HashMap::new();
+    for (i, source) in s.doc.sources.iter().enumerate() {
+        by_tag.entry(source.tag.clone()).or_insert((i, fallback));
+    }
+    for (n, &i) in order.iter().enumerate() {
+        if let Some(source) = s.doc.sources.get(i)
+            && let Some((_, number)) = by_tag.get_mut(&source.tag)
+            && *number == fallback
+        {
+            *number = n.saturating_add(1);
+        }
+    }
     for path in s.doc.para_paths(StoryRef::Body) {
         let Some(p) = s.doc.para(StoryRef::Body, &path) else { continue };
         let updates: Vec<(usize, String)> = p
@@ -242,8 +261,9 @@ fn refresh_citations(s: &mut Session) -> Result<(), CmdError> {
             .filter_map(|(k, o)| match o {
                 InlineObject::Field { instr, .. } => {
                     let (tag, pages) = citation_field(instr)?;
-                    let src = s.doc.sources.iter().find(|x| x.tag == tag)?;
-                    Some((k, cite(src, st.name, number_of(&s.doc, &order, tag), pages)))
+                    let &(i, number) = by_tag.get(tag)?;
+                    let src = s.doc.sources.get(i)?;
+                    Some((k, cite(src, st.name, number, pages)))
                 }
                 _ => None,
             })

crates/engine/src/cmd/citations/tests.rs

@@ -785,3 +785,118 @@ fn gost_numbers_follow_its_name_or_title_sort() {
     assert_eq!(find_style("Harvard - Anglia 2008").map(|x| x.name), Some("Harvard (Anglia)"));
     assert!(find_style("").is_none() && find_style("Vancouver").is_none());
 }
+
+fn lookup_session(tags: &[&str]) -> Session {
+    let mut p = Paragraph::new();
+    for tag in tags {
+        p.insert_object(
+            p.len(),
+            InlineObject::Field {
+                instr: format!("CITATION {tag}"),
+                result: "Original cache".into(),
+                locked: false,
+                dirty: true,
+                code: false,
+                form: String::new(),
+            },
+            &CharProps::default(),
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+    }
+    let mut doc = Document::new();
+    doc.body = vec![wordcraft_doc::para_block(p)];
+    Session::new(doc)
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn citation_source_lookups_keep_first_duplicates_case_and_style_order() {
+    let mut s = lookup_session(&["A", "B", "missing", "a", "B"]);
+    s.doc.sources = [
+        ("B", "Zed, Zo", "Zulu"),
+        ("A", "Able, Ann", "Alpha"),
+        ("B", "Baker, Ben", "Beta duplicate"),
+        ("a", "Middle, May", "Middle"),
+        ("unused", "Other, One", "Unused"),
+    ]
+    .into_iter()
+    .map(|(tag, author, title)| Source { tag: tag.into(), author: author.into(), title: title.into(), year: "2024".into(), ..Default::default() })
+    .collect();
+    let original = s.doc.clone();
+    for st in &STYLES {
+        s.bib_style = st.name.into();
+        let expected = if st.order == Order::Cited { vec![1, 0, 3] } else { vec![1, 2, 3, 0] };
+        assert_eq!(sources::bib_order(&s.doc, st, None), expected, "{}", st.name);
+        update_citations(&mut s).unwrap();
+        let p = s.doc.para(StoryRef::Body, &Path::top(0)).unwrap();
+        for (k, (source, number)) in [(1, 1), (0, 2), (usize::MAX, 0), (3, 3), (0, 2)].into_iter().enumerate() {
+            let InlineObject::Field { instr, result, locked, dirty, code, form } = &p.objects[k] else { panic!() };
+            let InlineObject::Field { instr: before, .. } = &original.para(StoryRef::Body, &Path::top(0)).unwrap().objects[k] else { panic!() };
+            assert_eq!(instr, before);
+            let expected = original.sources.get(source).map(|x| cite(x, st.name, number, "")).unwrap_or_else(|| "Original cache".into());
+            assert_eq!(result, &expected, "{}: {instr}", st.name);
+            assert!(!locked && *dirty && !code && form.is_empty());
+        }
+        assert_eq!(s.doc.sources, original.sources);
+    }
+    // Without citations even duplicate and unused source records remain in the bibliography.
+    s.doc.body.clear();
+    assert_eq!(sources::bib_order(&s.doc, style("IEEE"), None), vec![0, 1, 2, 3, 4]);
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+#[test]
+fn citation_refresh_source_lookup_work_scales_with_document_size() {
+    fn doc(n: usize) -> Session {
+        let mut p = Paragraph::new();
+        p.text = wordcraft_doc::para::OBJ.to_string().repeat(n);
+        p.runs = vec![wordcraft_doc::Run { len: p.text.len(), props: CharProps::default() }];
+        p.objects = (0..n)
+            .rev()
+            .map(|i| InlineObject::Field {
+                instr: format!("CITATION T{i}"),
+                result: String::new(),
+                locked: false,
+                dirty: false,
+                code: false,
+                form: String::new(),
+            })
+            .collect();
+        let mut d = Document::new();
+        d.body = vec![wordcraft_doc::para_block(p)];
+        d.sources = (0..n).map(|i| Source { tag: format!("T{i}"), ..Default::default() }).collect();
+        let mut s = Session::new(d);
+        s.bib_style = "IEEE".into();
+        s
+    }
+    // Use the running thread's CPU time on Linux; scheduler pauses are not lookup work.
+    fn cost(f: &mut impl FnMut()) -> f64 {
+        let ran = || std::fs::read_to_string("/proc/thread-self/schedstat").ok()?.split_whitespace().next()?.parse::<u64>().ok();
+        let (t, before) = (std::time::Instant::now(), ran());
+        f();
+        match (before, ran()) {
+            (Some(a), Some(b)) if b > a => (b - a) as f64 * 1e-9,
+            _ => t.elapsed().as_secs_f64(),
+        }
+    }
+    const SCALE: usize = 8;
+    let (mut small, mut big) = (doc(2_000), doc(SCALE * 2_000));
+    update_citations(&mut small).unwrap();
+    update_citations(&mut big).unwrap();
+    let (mut a, mut b) = (f64::INFINITY, f64::INFINITY);
+    for _ in 0..5 {
+        a = a.min(
+            cost(&mut || {
+                for _ in 0..SCALE {
+                    update_citations(&mut small).unwrap();
+                }
+            }) / SCALE as f64,
+        );
+        b = b.min(cost(&mut || {
+            update_citations(&mut big).unwrap();
+        }));
+    }
+    let ratio = b / a.max(1e-9);
+    assert!(ratio < 32.0, "citation refresh: {a:.6}s -> {b:.6}s, {ratio:.1}x for {SCALE}x input");
+    let p = big.doc.para(StoryRef::Body, &Path::top(0)).unwrap();
+    assert!(p.objects.iter().enumerate().all(|(i, o)| matches!(o, InlineObject::Field { result, .. } if result == &format!("[{}]", i + 1))));
+}

crates/engine/src/cmd/draw.rs

@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@ use super::ink_shape::{ArrowParts, InkShape, arrow_parts, pair_parts, recognise}
 use super::pos_json;
 use crate::{CmdError, CmdResult, CommandSpec, Session, p};
 
+mod page_objects;
+use page_objects::PageObjects;
+
 /// What dragging on the page does (Draw tab).
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
@@ -325,12 +328,13 @@ impl PlacedInk {
 /// turn and geometry on the page.
 pub fn ink_on(s: &Session, layout: &DocLayout, page: usize) -> Vec<PlacedInk> {
     let Some(pg) = layout.pages.get(page) else { return Vec::new() };
+    let mut objects = PageObjects::new(&s.doc);
     pg.items
         .iter()
         .filter_map(|it| match it {
             Placed::Object { rect, spin, story, path, off, .. } => {
                 let pos = Pos { story: *story, path: path.clone(), off: *off };
-                match s.doc.para_at(&pos).and_then(|p| p.object_at(*off)) {
+                match objects.get(&pos) {
                     Some(InlineObject::Shape { freeform: Some(f), stroke_width, stroke, .. }) if f.is_ink() => {
                         Some(PlacedInk { pos, rect: *rect, spin: *spin, freeform: f.clone(), color: *stroke, width: *stroke_width })
                     }
@@ -577,10 +581,11 @@ fn lasso(s: &mut Session, v: &Value) -> CmdResult {
         return Err(CmdError::Params("a lasso loop needs at least three points".into()));
     }
     let mut items = Vec::new();
+    let mut objects = PageObjects::new(&s.doc);
     for it in &pg.items {
         let Placed::Object { rect, spin, story, path, off, .. } = it else { continue };
         let pos = Pos { story: *story, path: path.clone(), off: *off };
-        let Some(obj) = s.doc.para_at(&pos).and_then(|p| p.object_at(*off)) else { continue };
+        let Some(obj) = objects.get(&pos) else { continue };
         let picked = match obj.ink() {
             Some(_) if s.view.hide_ink => false,
             Some(f) => {
@@ -771,13 +776,14 @@ fn near(a: Rect, b: Rect) -> bool {
 fn arrow_pieces(s: &Session, layout: &DocLayout, page: usize, keep: impl Fn(&Pos, &Rect) -> bool) -> Vec<ArrowPiece> {
     let Some(pg) = layout.pages.get(page) else { return Vec::new() };
     let mut out = Vec::new();
+    let mut objects = PageObjects::new(&s.doc);
     for it in &pg.items {
         let Placed::Object { rect, spin, story, path, off, .. } = it else { continue };
         let pos = Pos { story: *story, path: path.clone(), off: *off };
         if !spin.is_identity() || !keep(&pos, rect) {
             continue;
         }
-        let Some(InlineObject::Shape { kind, freeform: Some(f), float, .. }) = s.doc.para_at(&pos).and_then(|p| p.object_at(*off)) else { continue };
+        let Some(InlineObject::Shape { kind, freeform: Some(f), float, .. }) = objects.get(&pos) else { continue };
         let Some(fp) = f.paths.first().filter(|_| f.paths.len() == 1) else { continue };
         let pen = matches!(f.ink, Some(InkTool::Pen | InkTool::Pencil)) && !s.view.hide_ink;
         let shape = f.ink.is_none() && *kind == ShapeKind::Freeform && matches!((fp.pts.len(), fp.closed), (2, false) | (3, true));

crates/engine/src/cmd/draw/page_objects.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+//! Per-call object lookups for drawing-order page walks, which can revisit a paragraph's
+//! offsets out of text order. Scan only as far as the furthest requested object, once.
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use wordcraft_doc::para::OBJ;
+use wordcraft_doc::{Document, InlineObject, Path, Pos, StoryRef};
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+struct ParagraphObjects<'a> {
+    scanned: usize,
+    ordinal: usize,
+    objects: Vec<(usize, &'a InlineObject)>,
+}
+
+pub(super) struct PageObjects<'a> {
+    doc: &'a Document,
+    paragraphs: HashMap<(StoryRef, Path), ParagraphObjects<'a>>,
+}
+
+impl<'a> PageObjects<'a> {
+    pub(super) fn new(doc: &'a Document) -> Self {
+        Self { doc, paragraphs: HashMap::new() }
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn get(&mut self, pos: &Pos) -> Option<&'a InlineObject> {
+        let p = self.doc.para_at(pos)?;
+        if !p.text.get(pos.off..)?.starts_with(OBJ) {
+            return None;
+        }
+        let end = pos.off.checked_add(OBJ.len_utf8())?;
+        let cached = self.paragraphs.entry((pos.story, pos.path.clone())).or_default();
+        if end > cached.scanned {
+            // Start after the last scanned marker, not at the paragraph's start. In particular,
+            // a lone object near the start never scans a long text suffix it doesn't need.
+            for (off, c) in p.text.get(cached.scanned..end)?.char_indices() {
+                wordcraft_doc::work::steps(1);
+                if c == OBJ {
+                    if let Some(object) = p.objects.get(cached.ordinal) {
+                        cached.objects.push((cached.scanned + off, object));
+                    }
+                    cached.ordinal += 1;
+                }
+            }
+            cached.scanned = end;
+        }
+        let i = cached.objects.binary_search_by_key(&pos.off, |(off, _)| *off).ok()?;
+        cached.objects.get(i).map(|(_, object)| *object)
+    }
+}

crates/engine/src/cmd/draw/tests.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ use wordcraft_doc::para::{InlineObject, ShapeKind, Wrap};
 
 use crate::Session;
 
+mod page_lookup;
+
 fn session() -> Session {
     let mut s = Session::new(wordcraft_doc::Document::new());
     s.run("document.setText", &json!({"text": "First paragraph of text.\nSecond paragraph of text."})).unwrap();

crates/engine/src/cmd/draw/tests/page_lookup.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+use super::super::{PlacedInk, ink_on};
+use crate::Session;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use wordcraft_doc::freeform::{Freeform, InkTool};
+use wordcraft_doc::para::{Float, InlineObject, OBJ, ShapeKind, Wrap};
+use wordcraft_doc::{CharProps, Document, Paragraph, Path, Pos, StoryRef, para_block};
+use wordcraft_geom::{Rect, Spin};
+use wordcraft_layout::{DocLayout, Page, Placed};
+
+fn stroke(order: u32) -> InlineObject {
+    InlineObject::Shape {
+        kind: ShapeKind::Freeform,
+        w: 20.0,
+        h: 10.0,
+        fill: None,
+        stroke: Some(wordcraft_doc::Rgb(12, 34, 56)),
+        stroke_width: 2.0,
+        float: Float { wrap: Wrap::InFrontOfText, ..Default::default() },
+        story: None,
+        freeform: Some(Arc::new(Freeform { order: Some(order), ..Freeform::ink(InkTool::Pen, 20.0, 10.0, vec![[1.0, 1.0], [19.0, 9.0]]) })),
+        effects: Default::default(),
+        extra: Default::default(),
+    }
+}
+
+fn placed(story: StoryRef, path: Path, off: usize, x: f32) -> Placed {
+    Placed::Object {
+        rect: Rect::new(x, 30.0, 20.0, 10.0),
+        spin: Spin::default(),
+        story,
+        path,
+        off,
+        text_box: None,
+        wrap: Wrap::InFrontOfText,
+        origin: Default::default(),
+    }
+}
+
+fn orders(ink: &[PlacedInk]) -> Vec<u32> {
+    ink.iter().map(|k| k.freeform.order.unwrap()).collect()
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn page_ink_keeps_item_order_duplicates_story_paths_and_unmatched_storage() {
+    let mut d = Document::new();
+    let mut p = Paragraph::new();
+    p.text = format!("é{OBJ}{OBJ}{OBJ}漢{OBJ}");
+    p.runs = vec![wordcraft_doc::Run { len: p.text.len(), props: CharProps::default() }];
+    p.objects = vec![InlineObject::BookmarkStart { name: "original".into() }, stroke(11), stroke(22)];
+    d.body = vec![para_block(p.clone())];
+    let h = d.add_part(wordcraft_doc::PartKind::Header, vec![para_block(p.clone())]);
+    let mut table = wordcraft_doc::Table::new(1, 1, 100.0);
+    p.objects.push(stroke(33));
+    p.objects.push(stroke(99)); // Surplus storage has no character and is not placed.
+    table.rows[0].cells[0].blocks = vec![para_block(p)];
+    d.body.push(Arc::new(wordcraft_doc::Block::Table(table)));
+    let cell = Path(vec![1, 0, 0, 0]);
+    let mut items = vec![
+        placed(StoryRef::Body, Path::top(0), 8, 50.0),
+        placed(StoryRef::Part(h), Path::top(0), 5, 60.0),
+        placed(StoryRef::Body, cell.clone(), 14, 70.0),
+        placed(StoryRef::Body, Path::top(0), 5, 80.0),
+        placed(StoryRef::Body, Path::top(0), 8, 90.0),
+    ];
+    items.extend([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 11, 14, usize::MAX].map(|off| placed(StoryRef::Body, Path::top(0), off, 0.0)));
+    items.push(placed(StoryRef::Part(999), Path::top(0), 0, 0.0));
+    let l = DocLayout { pages: vec![Page { items, ..Default::default() }], ..Default::default() };
+    let mut s = Session::new(d);
+    let original = s.doc.clone();
+    let got = ink_on(&s, &l, 0);
+    assert_eq!(orders(&got), [22, 11, 33, 11, 22]);
+    assert_eq!(got.iter().map(|k| k.rect.x).collect::<Vec<_>>(), [50.0, 60.0, 70.0, 80.0, 90.0]);
+    assert_eq!(got[1].pos, Pos::new(StoryRef::Part(h), Path::top(0), 5));
+    assert_eq!(got[2].pos.path, cell);
+    assert!(got.iter().all(|k| k.width == 2.0 && k.color == Some(wordcraft_doc::Rgb(12, 34, 56))));
+    assert!(ink_on(&s, &l, 1).is_empty());
+    s.view.hide_ink = true;
+    assert_eq!(orders(&ink_on(&s, &l, 0)), orders(&got), "discovery retains hidden ink; callers decide visibility");
+    assert_eq!(s.doc, original);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn page_ink_lookup_work_does_not_multiply_with_paragraph_objects() {
+    fn fixture(n: usize) -> (Session, DocLayout) {
+        let mut d = Document::new();
+        let mut p = Paragraph::new();
+        p.text = OBJ.to_string().repeat(n);
+        p.runs = vec![wordcraft_doc::Run { len: p.text.len(), props: CharProps::default() }];
+        p.objects = (0..n).map(|i| stroke(i as u32)).collect();
+        d.body = vec![para_block(p)];
+        let items = (0..n).map(|i| placed(StoryRef::Body, Path::top(0), i * OBJ.len_utf8(), 50.0)).collect();
+        (Session::new(d), DocLayout { pages: vec![Page { items, ..Default::default() }], ..Default::default() })
+    }
+    let (small, a) = fixture(250);
+    let (big, b) = fixture(2000);
+    assert_eq!(ink_on(&small, &a, 0).len(), 250);
+    assert_eq!(ink_on(&big, &b, 0).len(), 2000);
+    // The characters the object lookups walk (`wordcraft_doc::work`), not a timing: about 8x for
+    // 8x the objects when each paragraph is scanned once, about 64x when every lookup rescans it.
+    let s1 = wordcraft_doc::work::count(|| drop(std::hint::black_box(ink_on(&small, &a, 0))));
+    let s8 = wordcraft_doc::work::count(|| drop(std::hint::black_box(ink_on(&big, &b, 0))));
+    let ratio = s8 as f64 / s1.max(1) as f64;
+    eprintln!("page ink steps: {s1} -> {s8}, {ratio:.1}x for 8x objects");
+    assert!(s1 > 0, "no steps counted, so the walk this test watches no longer counts them (wordcraft_doc::work)");
+    assert!(ratio <= 12.0, "page ink lookup repeats paragraph-prefix work: {ratio:.1}x the steps for 8x objects ({s1} -> {s8})");
+}

crates/engine/src/cmd/edit.rs

@@ -199,16 +199,21 @@ fn copy_with(s: &mut Session, whole: Option<&Path>) -> CmdResult {
 }
 
 /// What Copy and Cut return: the clipboard's text, and the copy as HTML (equations as MathML,
-/// #816) for the host to put on the system clipboard too, so other programs keep the formatting;
-/// and for a copy of one equation alone, its MathML (#1297).
+/// #816) and as RTF for the host to put on the system clipboard too, so other programs keep the
+/// formatting; and for a copy of one equation alone, its MathML (#1297).
 pub(crate) fn copy_result(s: &mut Session) -> Value {
-    s.clipboard_html = match &s.clipboard {
-        Some(f) => wordcraft_formats::html::export_fragment(&f.to_document()),
-        None => String::new(),
+    (s.clipboard_html, s.clipboard_rtf) = match &s.clipboard {
+        Some(f) => {
+            let d = f.to_document();
+            (wordcraft_formats::html::export_fragment(&d), wordcraft_formats::rtf::export(&d))
+        }
+        None => (String::new(), String::new()),
     };
     let mut r = json!({"text": s.clipboard_text});
-    if !s.clipboard_html.is_empty() {
-        r["html"] = json!(s.clipboard_html);
+    for (k, v) in [("html", &s.clipboard_html), ("rtf", &s.clipboard_rtf)] {
+        if !v.is_empty() {
+            r[k] = json!(v);
+        }
     }
     // A copy of one equation alone, as MathML for the clipboard formats equation editors read
     // ("MathML" on Windows, `public.mathml.presentation` on macOS; #1297). Word looks for them
@@ -356,7 +361,7 @@ impl ClipHistory {
         self.items.is_empty()
     }
 
-    fn push(&mut self, f: &Fragment, text: &str) {
+    pub(crate) fn push(&mut self, f: &Fragment, text: &str) {
         // Text plus per-paragraph overhead; pictures are references into the document.
         let paras = text.matches('\n').count().saturating_add(f.blocks.len()).saturating_add(f.parts.len()).saturating_add(1);
         let bytes = text.len().saturating_mul(2).saturating_add(paras.saturating_mul(256));

crates/engine/src/cmd/equation.rs

@@ -326,8 +326,14 @@ fn type_text(s: &mut Session, v: &Value) -> CmdResult {
                     pos = p;
                     changed = true;
                 }
-                if let Some(p) = me::build_up(&mut math.nodes, &pos, latex) {
-                    pos = p;
+                // As in Word, `\int` + Space leaves ∫ waiting for its limits: `_a^b` and then
+                // Space, or Space alone, builds the operator (#4917).
+                let waits = changed && c == ' ' && me::nary_before(&math.nodes, &pos);
+                // Only an operator this build-up makes takes the caret: one already there (from
+                // the gallery, say) keeps it after it.
+                let built_before = me::nary_node_before(&math.nodes, &pos);
+                if !waits && let Some(p) = me::build_up(&mut math.nodes, &pos, latex) {
+                    pos = if built_before { p } else { me::into_empty_operand(&math.nodes, &p) };
                     changed = true;
                 }
                 if changed {
@@ -336,6 +342,14 @@ fn type_text(s: &mut Session, v: &Value) -> CmdResult {
                 if c == ' ' && changed {
                     continue;
                 }
+            } else if !style.nor && !latex && !c.is_alphanumeric() {
+                // Word corrects `\name` on any character that can't continue it (`\int_`,
+                // `\alpha+`), keeps that character and builds nothing up yet. LaTeX input keeps
+                // its commands (`\sqrt{`).
+                if let Some(p) = me::autocorrect(&mut math.nodes, &pos) {
+                    pos = p;
+                    transformed = true;
+                }
             }
             pos = me::insert_text(&mut math.nodes, &pos, &c.to_string(), style);
         }

crates/engine/src/cmd/equation/tests.rs

@@ -530,3 +530,112 @@ fn equation_delete_surrounding_moves_the_caret_for_a_one_step_delete() {
     assert_eq!(linear(&s), "bc");
     assert_eq!(s.math.as_ref().unwrap().pos, MathPos::new(Vec::new(), 0));
 }
+
+/// The n-ary operator in the equation, with its limits (shown or not) and operand as text.
+fn nary_of(s: &Session) -> Option<(char, Option<String>, Option<String>, String)> {
+    nodes_of(s, &s.math.as_ref()?.at)?.iter().find_map(|n| match n {
+        MNode::Nary { chr, sub_hide, sup_hide, sub, sup, e, .. } => {
+            Some((*chr, (!sub_hide).then(|| to_linear(sub)), (!sup_hide).then(|| to_linear(sup)), to_linear(e)))
+        }
+        _ => None,
+    })
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn an_autocorrected_operator_waits_for_its_limits() {
+    // #4917: as in Word, `\int` + Space gives a ∫ that `_x^y` then Space decorates; the
+    // operand typed next goes inside the operator.
+    let typed = |keys: &[&str]| {
+        let mut s = session();
+        s.run("insert.equation", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        for t in keys {
+            s.run("equation.type", &json!({"text": t})).unwrap();
+        }
+        s
+    };
+    let s = typed(&[r"\int", " "]);
+    assert_eq!(linear(&s), "∫", "the operator waits, not yet built");
+    assert!(nary_of(&s).is_none());
+    let s = typed(&[r"\int", " ", "_x^y", " ", "f"]);
+    assert_eq!(nary_of(&s), Some(('∫', Some("x".into()), Some("y".into()), "f".into())));
+    let s = typed(&[r"\sum", " ", "_(k=1)^n", " ", "k"]);
+    assert_eq!(nary_of(&s), Some(('∑', Some("k=1".into()), Some("n".into()), "k".into())));
+    // Only a lower limit.
+    let s = typed(&[r"\prod", " ", "_i", " ", "a"]);
+    assert_eq!(nary_of(&s), Some(('∏', Some("i".into()), None, "a".into())));
+    // Space alone builds it without limits, the caret in its operand.
+    let s = typed(&[r"\int", " ", " ", "x"]);
+    assert_eq!(nary_of(&s), Some(('∫', None, None, "x".into())));
+    // Typing the operand straight after it, as before.
+    let s = typed(&[r"\int", " ", "x", " "]);
+    assert_eq!(nary_of(&s), Some(('∫', None, None, "x".into())));
+    // Enter builds the operator and leaves the caret after it; Right builds it and, at the
+    // equation's end, leaves the equation, both as before.
+    let mut s = typed(&[r"\int", " ", "_0^1"]);
+    s.run("equation.enter", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(nary_of(&s), Some(('∫', Some("0".into()), Some("1".into()), String::new())));
+    assert_eq!(s.math.as_ref().unwrap().pos, MathPos::new(Vec::new(), 1));
+    let mut s = typed(&[r"\int", " ", "_0^1"]);
+    let at = s.math.as_ref().unwrap().at.clone();
+    s.run("equation.move", &json!({"dir": "right"})).unwrap();
+    assert!(s.math.is_none(), "Right at the end leaves the equation");
+    assert!(matches!(nodes_of(&s, &at).as_deref(), Some([MNode::Nary { e, .. }]) if e.is_empty()));
+    // One undo step takes the whole typing away, leaving the empty equation.
+    let mut s = typed(&[r"\int", " ", "_0^1", " ", "t"]);
+    let at = s.math.as_ref().unwrap().at.clone();
+    s.run("equation.exit", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    s.run("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    let left = s.doc.para_at(&at).and_then(|p| p.object_at(at.off)).map(|o| o.plain_text().to_string());
+    assert_eq!(left.as_deref(), Some(""), "the equation is there, empty");
+    // An operator ending another one's operand (`∫∫`) takes what is typed next.
+    let s = typed(&[r"\int", " ", r"\int", " ", " ", "f"]);
+    let inner = nary_of(&s).and_then(|_| {
+        nodes_of(&s, &s.math.as_ref()?.at)?.iter().find_map(|n| match n {
+            MNode::Nary { e, .. } => match e.as_slice() {
+                [MNode::Nary { e, .. }] => Some(to_linear(e)),
+                _ => None,
+            },
+            _ => None,
+        })
+    });
+    assert_eq!(inner.as_deref(), Some("f"), "f is the inner operator's operand");
+    // Space after an operator that was already there (from the gallery, its operand left empty)
+    // doesn't send the caret back into it: what is typed next follows the operator.
+    let mut s = session();
+    s.run("insert.equation", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    s.run("equation.insertStructure", &json!({"id": "nary.sumLimits"})).unwrap();
+    s.run("equation.type", &json!({"text": "k"})).unwrap();
+    if let Some(m) = s.math.as_mut() {
+        m.pos = MathPos::new(Vec::new(), 1);
+    }
+    s.run("equation.type", &json!({"text": " x"})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(nary_of(&s).map(|n| n.3), Some(String::new()), "the operand stays empty");
+    assert_eq!(s.math.as_ref().unwrap().pos.path, Vec::new(), "the caret stays after the operator");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_math_name_is_corrected_by_any_character_that_cannot_continue_it() {
+    // Observed in Word for Windows (#4938): `\int_0^1` typed in one go gives ∫ as soon as `_` is
+    // typed, so Space then builds the integral with its limits; `\alpha` + `+` gives α+, and a
+    // letter or digit leaves the name as typed.
+    let typed = |keys: &[&str]| {
+        let mut s = session();
+        s.run("insert.equation", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        for t in keys {
+            s.run("equation.type", &json!({"text": t})).unwrap();
+        }
+        s
+    };
+    let s = typed(&[r"\int_0^1", " ", "x"]);
+    assert_eq!(nary_of(&s), Some(('∫', Some("0".into()), Some("1".into()), "x".into())));
+    let s = typed(&[r"\alpha+\beta\gamma1"]);
+    assert_eq!(linear(&s), r"α+β\gamma1");
+    let s = typed(&[r"\alpha(x)"]);
+    assert_eq!(linear(&s), "α(x)");
+    // LaTeX input keeps its commands until they are built up.
+    let mut s = session();
+    s.run("equation.inputFormat", &json!({"format": "latex"})).unwrap();
+    s.run("insert.equation", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    s.run("equation.type", &json!({"text": r"\alpha+"})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(linear(&s), r"\alpha+");
+}

crates/engine/src/cmd/file.rs

@@ -260,12 +260,12 @@ fn open(s: &mut Session, v: &Value) -> CmdResult {
         if bytes.is_empty() {
             (normal_document(s), false)
         } else {
-            crate::io::open_bytes_in(path, &bytes, password, &s.region(), &s.prefs.odf).map_err(CmdError::Failed)?
+            crate::io::open_bytes_in(path, &bytes, password, &s.region()).map_err(CmdError::Failed)?
         }
     } else if crate::io::is_empty_file(std::path::Path::new(path)) {
         (normal_document(s), false)
     } else {
-        crate::io::open_path_in(std::path::Path::new(path), password, &s.region(), &s.prefs.odf).map_err(CmdError::Failed)?
+        crate::io::open_path_in(std::path::Path::new(path), password, &s.region()).map_err(CmdError::Failed)?
     };
     // Plain text and Markdown carry no language: they are in the editing language.
     let ext = std::path::Path::new(path).extension().and_then(std::ffi::OsStr::to_str).unwrap_or("").to_ascii_lowercase();

crates/engine/src/cmd/index.rs

@@ -265,6 +265,12 @@ pub fn rebuild(s: &mut Session, i: usize, leader: Option<TabLeader>) -> Result<(
     }) else {
         return Ok(());
     };
+    rebuild_from(s, i, leader, instr)
+}
+
+/// [`rebuild`] the index at body block `i` from field code `instr` (that of the index field in
+/// it, when the paragraph holds more than one).
+pub fn rebuild_from(s: &mut Session, i: usize, leader: Option<TabLeader>, instr: String) -> Result<(), CmdError> {
     let f = FieldCode::parse(&instr);
     // Old entries go; keep their leader and the section their columns had.
     let mut old_leader = None;

crates/engine/src/cmd/insert.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ mod objects;
 
 pub(crate) use header_footer::saved_copy;
 use header_footer::{create_hf, edit_hf, header_footer, new_empty_headers, strip_headers};
-pub use items::{DropCapState, drop_cap_state, format_date, format_date_parts};
+pub use items::{DropCapState, drop_cap_state, format_date, format_date_at, format_date_parts};
 use items::{cover_page, date_time, drop_cap, drop_cap_off, field, page_number, symbol};
 use links::{bookmark, delete_bookmark, link, link_targets};
 pub use links::{bookmark_name_ok, bookmark_range, bookmark_span};
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
         CommandSpec::new("insert.pageField", "Insert Page Field", "Insert › Text › Quick Parts", |s, _| field(s, &json!({"instr": "PAGE"})))
             .key(super::mac_or("Ctrl+Shift+P", "Alt+Shift+P")),
         CommandSpec::new("insert.dropCap", "Drop Cap", "Insert › Text", drop_cap)
-            .params(r#"{"position"?: "none"|"dropped"|"margin" (default dropped), "lines"?: 1..10 (default 3; 0 = none), "distance"?: pt from the text (0..1584, default 0), "font"?: family (omit for the text's font)}"#)
+            .params(r#"{"position"?: "none"|"dropped"|"margin" (default dropped), "lines"?: 1..10 (default 3; 0 = none), "distance"?: pt from the text (0..1584, default 0), "font"?: family (omit for the text's font), "keep"?: bool (true: each selected paragraph that has a drop cap keeps its own lines, distance and font unless given here)}"#)
             .when(drop_cap_off),
         CommandSpec::new("insert.horizontalLine", "Horizontal Line", "Home › Paragraph › Borders", |s, _| {
             super::para::fmt(s, &|p| {

crates/engine/src/cmd/insert/items.rs

@@ -61,14 +61,16 @@ pub(super) fn date_time(s: &mut Session, v: &Value) -> CmdResult {
 
 /// Format today's date with a Word picture (`M/d/yyyy`, `MMMM d, yyyy`, `yyyy-MM-dd`, `dddd`…).
 pub fn format_date(fmt: &str) -> String {
-    let iso = crate::cmd::now_iso();
-    let y: i64 = iso.get(0..4).and_then(|x| x.parse().ok()).unwrap_or(2026);
-    let m: usize = iso.get(5..7).and_then(|x| x.parse().ok()).unwrap_or(1);
-    let d: u32 = iso.get(8..10).and_then(|x| x.parse().ok()).unwrap_or(1);
-    let hh: u32 = iso.get(11..13).and_then(|x| x.parse().ok()).unwrap_or(0);
-    let mm: u32 = iso.get(14..16).and_then(|x| x.parse().ok()).unwrap_or(0);
-    let ss: u32 = iso.get(17..19).and_then(|x| x.parse().ok()).unwrap_or(0);
-    format_date_parts(fmt, y, m, d, (hh, mm, ss), (crate::cmd::now_unix() / 86_400) as i64)
+    // Word shows the computer's local date and time (#1707), not UTC's.
+    let now = crate::cmd::now_unix();
+    format_date_at(fmt, now, crate::cmd::local_offset_secs(now))
+}
+
+/// Format the instant `unix` (seconds since the epoch, UTC) with a Word picture, in the zone
+/// `offset_secs` east of UTC.
+pub fn format_date_at(fmt: &str, unix: u64, offset_secs: i64) -> String {
+    let (y, m, d, hms, days) = crate::cmd::local_civil(unix, offset_secs);
+    format_date_parts(fmt, y, m as usize, d, hms, days)
 }
 
 /// Format a date and time with a Word picture; `days_since` (days since 1970-01-01) gives the weekday.
@@ -239,12 +241,16 @@ pub(super) fn cover_page(s: &mut Session, v: &Value) -> CmdResult {
 }
 
 /// Why Insert › Drop Cap is off at the caret, as in Word: in a table cell, in an empty paragraph
-/// and in one that starts with a space.
+/// and in one that starts with a space. A selection must be fit throughout (what Dropped and In
+/// margin need), unless a paragraph in it has a drop cap for None to take away.
 pub(super) fn drop_cap_off(s: &Session) -> Option<&'static str> {
-    if s.sel.focus.path.cell().is_some() {
-        return Some("drop caps can't go in a table");
-    }
-    let first = s.doc.para_at(&s.sel.focus).and_then(|p| p.text.chars().next());
+    let why = drop_cap_selection_off(s)?;
+    let story = s.sel.focus.story;
+    let has_cap = crate::cmd::selected_paths(s).iter().any(|path| s.doc.para(story, path).is_some_and(|p| p.props.drop_cap.is_some()));
+    (!has_cap).then_some(why)
+}
+
+fn drop_cap_first_letter(first: Option<char>) -> Option<&'static str> {
     match first {
         None => Some("the paragraph is empty"),
         Some(c) if c.is_whitespace() => Some("the paragraph starts with a space"),
@@ -252,6 +258,21 @@ pub(super) fn drop_cap_off(s: &Session) -> Option<&'static str> {
     }
 }
 
+/// The same check for every selected paragraph, as the command formats them all.
+fn drop_cap_selection_off(s: &Session) -> Option<&'static str> {
+    let story = s.sel.focus.story;
+    for path in crate::cmd::selected_paths(s) {
+        if path.cell().is_some() {
+            return Some("drop caps can't go in a table");
+        }
+        let first = s.doc.para(story, &path).and_then(|p| p.text.chars().next());
+        if let Some(why) = drop_cap_first_letter(first) {
+            return Some(why);
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
 /// Insert › Drop Cap and Drop Cap Options: none, or the letter dropped into the text or hung in
 /// the margin, `lines` tall, `distance` points from the text, in `font` (unset: the text's).
 /// None takes all of it away, the letter's font with it.
@@ -259,15 +280,27 @@ pub(super) fn drop_cap(s: &mut Session, v: &Value) -> CmdResult {
     let lines = v.get("lines").and_then(Value::as_f64).filter(|l| l.is_finite());
     let none = p::str(v, "position") == Some("none") || lines == Some(0.0);
     let margin = p::str(v, "position") == Some("margin");
+    let lines_given = lines.is_some();
     let lines = lines.map_or(3.0, |l| l.round().clamp(1.0, 10.0)) as u8;
     let distance = p::f32(v, "distance").map_or(0.0, |d| d.clamp(0.0, wordcraft_doc::resolve::MAX_DROP_CAP_DISTANCE));
     // A family name, not a paragraph of text.
     let font = p::str(v, "font").map(str::trim).filter(|f| !f.is_empty()).map(|f| f.chars().take(64).collect::<String>());
+    if !none && let Some(why) = drop_cap_selection_off(s) {
+        return Err(CmdError::Failed(why.into()));
+    }
+    // `keep` (the menu's Dropped / In margin): a paragraph that has a drop cap keeps its own
+    // lines, distance and font unless given here.
+    let keep = !none && v.get("keep").and_then(Value::as_bool) == Some(true);
+    let (distance_given, font_given) = (p::f32(v, "distance").is_some(), v.get("font").is_some());
     crate::cmd::para::fmt(s, &|p| {
-        p.drop_cap = (!none).then_some(lines);
+        let own = keep && p.drop_cap.is_some();
+        p.drop_cap = (!none).then(|| if own && !lines_given { p.drop_cap.unwrap_or(lines) } else { lines });
         p.drop_cap_margin = (!none && margin).then_some(true);
-        p.drop_cap_distance = (!none && distance > 0.0).then_some(distance);
-        p.drop_cap_font = font.clone().filter(|_| !none);
+        let d = if own && !distance_given { p.drop_cap_distance.unwrap_or(0.0) } else { distance };
+        p.drop_cap_distance = (!none && d > 0.0).then_some(d);
+        if !(own && !font_given) {
+            p.drop_cap_font = font.clone().filter(|_| !none);
+        }
     })
 }