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LRC-PRINT-JOB: PDF writer for print output (ICC-tagged 8 / 16-bit images, output intent)
engine::pdf writes print-ready documents: pages of any size in points with raster images placed on them, each image tagged with its ICC profile as an ICCBased colour space (RGB, CMYK or grey), stored losslessly with Flate at 8 or 16 bits per component (16-bit samples big-endian), or copied as a JPEG stream where file size matters more. A profile shared by several images is written once. An optional output intent names the printer / paper profile the file was made for (PDF/X-style /OutputIntents in the catalog); the Info dictionary carries the title, as UTF-16 when it isn't plain ASCII. PDF 1.6 (16-bit images need 1.5), classic cross-reference table, deterministic bytes. Pages, images per page, page and image sizes are capped; bad sizes, placements, sample counts and component counts are errors, never panics. Tests read the files back through the xref table: image samples and profiles inflate to what went in, placements reach the content streams, one profile object is shared. Not wired to the print job yet.
This commit is contained in:
Atmik Shetty
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ pub mod memory;
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pub mod merge;
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mod model_download;
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pub mod originals;
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pub mod pdf;
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pub mod preset_import;
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pub mod preset_luminar;
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pub mod presets;
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@@ -0,0 +1,486 @@
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//! A small PDF writer for print output: pages of a given size in points, each with raster images
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//! placed on it, tagged with their ICC profile (`ICCBased`) so the numbers mean the same colour in
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//! every reader and RIP, Flate-compressed (lossless) at 8 or 16 bits per component, or carried as
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//! JPEG (`DCTDecode`) where small files matter more than exact samples. Optionally an output intent:
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//! the printing condition (the printer / paper profile) the file was made for, as PDF/X readers
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//! expect it in the catalog. Profiles shared by several images are written once.
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//!
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//! The file is PDF 1.6 (16-bit images need 1.5): classic cross-reference table, no object streams,
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//! deterministic (no dates or IDs), so the same pages always give the same bytes.
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//!
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//! Sources: ISO 32000-1:2008 (§7.3 objects, §7.5 file structure, §8.6.5.5 ICCBased colour spaces,
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//! §8.9 images, §14.11.5 output intents). Own design.
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use std::collections::HashMap;
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use std::sync::Arc;
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/// Pages per document: a print job beyond this is a mistake, not a book.
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pub const MAX_PAGES: usize = 1000;
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/// Images per page.
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pub const MAX_IMAGES_PER_PAGE: usize = 256;
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/// Largest page side in points (200 inches): more than any printer's roll.
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pub const MAX_PAGE_POINTS: f64 = 14_400.0;
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/// Largest image, in pixels per side.
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pub const MAX_IMAGE_SIDE: u32 = 65_535;
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/// How an image's samples are stored.
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#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
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pub enum ImageData {
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/// Interleaved samples, `bits` (8 or 16) per component, 16-bit values big-endian: compressed
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/// losslessly in the file.
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Raw { bits: u8, samples: Vec<u8> },
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/// A baseline JPEG stream, copied into the file as it is.
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Jpeg(Vec<u8>),
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}
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/// A raster image and the colour space its samples are in.
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#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
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pub struct PdfImage {
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pub width: u32,
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pub height: u32,
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/// Components per pixel: 1 (grey), 3 (RGB) or 4 (CMYK).
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pub channels: u8,
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pub data: ImageData,
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/// The ICC profile the samples are in; without one the image is device colour.
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pub icc: Option<Arc<Vec<u8>>>,
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}
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impl PdfImage {
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/// An image from interleaved 16-bit samples.
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pub fn from_u16(width: u32, height: u32, channels: u8, samples: &[u16], icc: Option<Arc<Vec<u8>>>) -> PdfImage {
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let bytes = samples.iter().flat_map(|v| v.to_be_bytes()).collect();
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PdfImage { width, height, channels, data: ImageData::Raw { bits: 16, samples: bytes }, icc }
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}
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fn check(&self) -> Result<(), String> {
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if self.width == 0 || self.height == 0 || self.width > MAX_IMAGE_SIDE || self.height > MAX_IMAGE_SIDE {
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return Err(format!("an image of {} × {} pixels can't be written", self.width, self.height));
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}
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if !matches!(self.channels, 1 | 3 | 4) {
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return Err(format!("images have 1, 3 or 4 components, not {}", self.channels));
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}
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match &self.data {
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ImageData::Raw { bits, samples } => {
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if !matches!(bits, 8 | 16) {
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return Err(format!("images have 8 or 16 bits per component, not {bits}"));
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}
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let want = u64::from(self.width) * u64::from(self.height) * u64::from(self.channels) * u64::from(bits / 8);
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if samples.len() as u64 != want {
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return Err(format!("the image needs {want} bytes of samples, not {}", samples.len()));
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}
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}
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ImageData::Jpeg(data) => {
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if !data.starts_with(&[0xFF, 0xD8]) {
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return Err("the image isn't a JPEG stream".into());
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}
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}
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}
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Ok(())
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}
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}
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/// Where an image goes on its page, in points from the page's bottom-left corner.
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#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq)]
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pub struct Placement {
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pub x: f64,
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pub y: f64,
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pub width: f64,
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pub height: f64,
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}
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/// One page: its size in points and the images on it, drawn in order (later ones on top).
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#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
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pub struct PdfPage {
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pub width: f64,
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pub height: f64,
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pub images: Vec<(PdfImage, Placement)>,
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}
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/// The printing condition the document is made for (PDF/X-style output intent).
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#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
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pub struct OutputIntent {
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/// The printer / paper profile.
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pub icc: Arc<Vec<u8>>,
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/// Its components: 1, 3 or 4.
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pub channels: u8,
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/// A name for the condition (the profile's description).
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pub condition: String,
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}
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/// Document-level settings.
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#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]
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pub struct PdfInfo {
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pub title: Option<String>,
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pub output_intent: Option<OutputIntent>,
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}
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fn finite(v: f64) -> bool {
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v.is_finite()
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}
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/// A number as PDF writes it: up to four decimals, no exponent, no trailing zeros.
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fn num(v: f64) -> String {
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let s = format!("{:.4}", if finite(v) { v } else { 0.0 });
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let s = s.trim_end_matches('0').trim_end_matches('.');
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if s == "-0" || s.is_empty() { "0".into() } else { s.into() }
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}
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/// A text string: plain ASCII as a literal string, anything else as UTF-16BE with a byte order mark.
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fn text(s: &str) -> String {
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if s.bytes().all(|b| (0x20..0x7f).contains(&b)) {
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let mut out = String::with_capacity(s.len() + 2);
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out.push('(');
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for c in s.chars() {
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if matches!(c, '(' | ')' | '\\') {
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out.push('\\');
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}
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out.push(c);
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}
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out.push(')');
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out
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} else {
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let mut out = String::from("<FEFF");
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for unit in s.encode_utf16() {
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out.push_str(&format!("{unit:04X}"));
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}
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out.push('>');
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out
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}
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}
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struct Writer {
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out: Vec<u8>,
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offsets: Vec<usize>,
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}
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impl Writer {
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/// Reserve an object number (filled later by [`Writer::object`]).
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fn reserve(&mut self) -> usize {
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self.offsets.push(0);
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self.offsets.len()
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}
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fn object(&mut self, id: usize, dict: &str, stream: Option<&[u8]>) {
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if let Some(slot) = self.offsets.get_mut(id.wrapping_sub(1)) {
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*slot = self.out.len();
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}
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self.out.extend_from_slice(format!("{id} 0 obj\n{dict}").as_bytes());
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if let Some(data) = stream {
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self.out.extend_from_slice(b"\nstream\n");
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self.out.extend_from_slice(data);
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self.out.extend_from_slice(b"\nendstream");
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}
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self.out.extend_from_slice(b"\nendobj\n");
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}
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}
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fn deflate(data: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
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miniz_oxide::deflate::compress_to_vec_zlib(data, 6)
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}
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/// Write a document. Errors name the first page or image that can't be written.
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pub fn write(pages: &[PdfPage], info: &PdfInfo) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String> {
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if pages.is_empty() {
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return Err("there are no pages to write".into());
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}
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if pages.len() > MAX_PAGES {
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return Err(format!("a document holds at most {MAX_PAGES} pages"));
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}
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for (n, page) in pages.iter().enumerate() {
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let n = n + 1;
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if !(finite(page.width) && finite(page.height))
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|| page.width <= 0.0
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|| page.height <= 0.0
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|| page.width > MAX_PAGE_POINTS
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|| page.height > MAX_PAGE_POINTS
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{
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return Err(format!("page {n} has no usable size"));
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}
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if page.images.len() > MAX_IMAGES_PER_PAGE {
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return Err(format!("page {n} has more than {MAX_IMAGES_PER_PAGE} images"));
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}
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for (image, at) in &page.images {
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image.check().map_err(|e| format!("page {n}: {e}"))?;
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if ![at.x, at.y, at.width, at.height].into_iter().all(finite) || at.width <= 0.0 || at.height <= 0.0 {
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return Err(format!("page {n}: an image has no usable placement"));
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}
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}
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}
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if let Some(intent) = &info.output_intent
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&& !matches!(intent.channels, 1 | 3 | 4)
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{
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return Err("the output intent's profile has 1, 3 or 4 components".into());
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}
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let mut w = Writer { out: Vec::new(), offsets: Vec::new() };
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w.out.extend_from_slice(b"%PDF-1.6\n%\xE2\xE3\xCF\xD3\n");
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let catalog = w.reserve();
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let pages_id = w.reserve();
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let info_id = w.reserve();
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// ICC profiles, each written once (keyed by content) with its component count
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let mut profiles: HashMap<Vec<u8>, usize> = HashMap::new();
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let mut profile = |w: &mut Writer, icc: &Arc<Vec<u8>>, n: u8| -> usize {
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if let Some(&id) = profiles.get(icc.as_slice()) {
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return id;
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}
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let id = w.reserve();
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let data = deflate(icc);
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let alternate = match n {
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1 => "/DeviceGray",
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4 => "/DeviceCMYK",
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_ => "/DeviceRGB",
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};
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w.object(id, &format!("<< /N {n} /Alternate {alternate} /Filter /FlateDecode /Length {} >>", data.len()), Some(&data));
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profiles.insert(icc.to_vec(), id);
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id
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};
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let intent_id = info.output_intent.as_ref().map(|intent| profile(&mut w, &intent.icc, intent.channels));
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let mut kids = Vec::with_capacity(pages.len());
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for page in pages {
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let page_id = w.reserve();
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let mut xobjects = String::new();
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let mut content = String::new();
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for (k, (image, at)) in page.images.iter().enumerate() {
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let space = match &image.icc {
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Some(icc) => format!("[/ICCBased {} 0 R]", profile(&mut w, icc, image.channels)),
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None => match image.channels {
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1 => "/DeviceGray".into(),
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4 => "/DeviceCMYK".into(),
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_ => "/DeviceRGB".into(),
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},
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};
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let id = w.reserve();
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let (bits, filter, data) = match &image.data {
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ImageData::Raw { bits, samples } => (*bits, "/FlateDecode", deflate(samples)),
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ImageData::Jpeg(jpeg) => (8, "/DCTDecode", jpeg.clone()),
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};
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w.object(
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id,
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&format!(
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"<< /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width {} /Height {} /ColorSpace {space} /BitsPerComponent {bits} /Filter {filter} /Length {} >>",
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image.width,
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image.height,
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data.len()
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),
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Some(&data),
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);
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xobjects.push_str(&format!("/Im{k} {id} 0 R "));
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content.push_str(&format!("q {} 0 0 {} {} {} cm /Im{k} Do Q\n", num(at.width), num(at.height), num(at.x), num(at.y)));
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}
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let content_id = w.reserve();
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let stream = deflate(content.as_bytes());
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w.object(content_id, &format!("<< /Filter /FlateDecode /Length {} >>", stream.len()), Some(&stream));
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w.object(
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page_id,
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&format!(
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"<< /Type /Page /Parent {pages_id} 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 {} {}] /Resources << /XObject << {xobjects}>> >> /Contents {content_id} 0 R >>",
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num(page.width),
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num(page.height)
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),
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None,
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);
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kids.push(format!("{page_id} 0 R"));
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}
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w.object(pages_id, &format!("<< /Type /Pages /Count {} /Kids [{}] >>", kids.len(), kids.join(" ")), None);
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let intents = match (&info.output_intent, intent_id) {
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(Some(intent), Some(id)) => format!(
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" /OutputIntents [<< /Type /OutputIntent /S /GTS_PDFX /OutputConditionIdentifier (Custom) /Info {} /DestOutputProfile {id} 0 R >>]",
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text(&intent.condition)
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),
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_ => String::new(),
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};
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w.object(catalog, &format!("<< /Type /Catalog /Pages {pages_id} 0 R{intents} >>"), None);
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let title = info.title.as_deref().map(|t| format!(" /Title {}", text(t))).unwrap_or_default();
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w.object(info_id, &format!("<< /Producer (LightCraft){title} >>"), None);
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let xref = w.out.len();
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let mut table = format!("xref\n0 {}\n0000000000 65535 f \n", w.offsets.len() + 1);
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for offset in &w.offsets {
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table.push_str(&format!("{offset:010} 00000 n \n"));
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}
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table.push_str(&format!("trailer\n<< /Size {} /Root {catalog} 0 R /Info {info_id} 0 R >>\nstartxref\n{xref}\n%%EOF\n", w.offsets.len() + 1));
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w.out.extend_from_slice(table.as_bytes());
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Ok(w.out)
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}
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#[cfg(test)]
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mod tests {
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use super::*;
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use lightcraft_codecs::NamedSpace;
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/// The body of object `id` (dictionary and raw stream bytes), found through the xref table.
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fn object(pdf: &[u8], id: usize) -> (String, Vec<u8>) {
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// byte offsets: the streams are binary, so search the bytes, not a lossy string
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let start = pdf.windows(10).rposition(|w| w == b"startxref\n").unwrap() + 10;
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let tail = std::str::from_utf8(&pdf[start..]).unwrap();
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let xref: usize = tail.lines().next().unwrap().trim().parse().unwrap();
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let table = std::str::from_utf8(&pdf[xref..]).unwrap();
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let line = table.lines().nth(2 + id).unwrap();
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let offset: usize = line[..10].parse().unwrap();
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let head = format!("{id} 0 obj\n");
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assert_eq!(&pdf[offset..offset + head.len()], head.as_bytes(), "xref entry for {id}");
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let rest = &pdf[offset + head.len()..];
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let end = rest.windows(7).position(|w| w == b"\nendobj").unwrap();
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let body = &rest[..end];
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match body.windows(8).position(|w| w == b"\nstream\n") {
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Some(p) => {
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let data = &body[p + 8..body.len() - "\nendstream".len()];
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(String::from_utf8_lossy(&body[..p]).into_owned(), data.to_vec())
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}
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None => (String::from_utf8_lossy(body).into_owned(), vec![]),
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}
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}
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fn inflate(data: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
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miniz_oxide::inflate::decompress_to_vec_zlib(data).unwrap()
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}
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/// Object ids of every image XObject, in file order.
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fn images(pdf: &[u8]) -> Vec<usize> {
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let s = String::from_utf8_lossy(pdf);
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s.match_indices(" 0 obj\n<< /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image").map(|(i, _)| s[..i].rsplit('\n').next().unwrap().parse().unwrap()).collect()
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}
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fn reference(dict: &str, key: &str) -> usize {
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let at = dict.find(key).unwrap() + key.len();
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dict[at..].trim_start().split(' ').next().unwrap().parse().unwrap()
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}
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fn srgb() -> Arc<Vec<u8>> {
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Arc::new(lightcraft_codecs::icc::write_named(NamedSpace::Srgb))
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}
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fn page(images: Vec<(PdfImage, Placement)>) -> PdfPage {
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PdfPage { width: 612.0, height: 792.0, images }
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}
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fn full(w: f64, h: f64) -> Placement {
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Placement { x: 0.0, y: 0.0, width: w, height: h }
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}
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#[test]
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fn a_16_bit_icc_image_round_trips() {
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let samples: Vec<u16> = (0..2 * 3 * 3).map(|i| (i * 3851) as u16).collect();
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let img = PdfImage::from_u16(3, 2, 3, &samples, Some(srgb()));
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let pdf = write(&[page(vec![(img, full(612.0, 792.0))])], &PdfInfo::default()).unwrap();
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assert!(pdf.starts_with(b"%PDF-1.6\n"));
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assert!(pdf.ends_with(b"%%EOF\n"));
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let ids = images(&pdf);
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assert_eq!(ids.len(), 1);
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let (dict, data) = object(&pdf, ids[0]);
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assert!(dict.contains("/Width 3 /Height 2") && dict.contains("/BitsPerComponent 16") && dict.contains("/FlateDecode"), "{dict}");
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let back: Vec<u16> = inflate(&data).chunks(2).map(|b| u16::from_be_bytes([b[0], b[1]])).collect();
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assert_eq!(back, samples);
|
||||
let (profile, icc) = object(&pdf, reference(&dict, "/ICCBased"));
|
||||
assert!(profile.contains("/N 3") && profile.contains("/Alternate /DeviceRGB"), "{profile}");
|
||||
assert_eq!(inflate(&icc), *srgb());
|
||||
assert_eq!(lightcraft_codecs::icc::parse(&inflate(&icc)).and_then(|i| i.named), Some(NamedSpace::Srgb));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn pages_sizes_placements_and_a_shared_profile() {
|
||||
let px = |v: u16| PdfImage::from_u16(1, 1, 3, &[v, v, v], Some(srgb()));
|
||||
let at = Placement { x: 36.0, y: 72.5, width: 288.0, height: 216.0 };
|
||||
let pages = [page(vec![(px(1), at), (px(2), full(612.0, 792.0))]), PdfPage { width: 841.89, height: 595.28, images: vec![(px(3), at)] }];
|
||||
let pdf = write(&pages, &PdfInfo::default()).unwrap();
|
||||
let s = String::from_utf8_lossy(&pdf);
|
||||
assert!(s.contains("/Type /Pages /Count 2"), "two pages");
|
||||
assert!(s.contains("/MediaBox [0 0 612 792]") && s.contains("/MediaBox [0 0 841.89 595.28]"));
|
||||
// the sRGB profile is written once for all three images
|
||||
assert_eq!(s.matches("/N 3 /Alternate").count(), 1);
|
||||
let first: Vec<_> = images(&pdf).iter().map(|&id| reference(&object(&pdf, id).0, "/ICCBased")).collect();
|
||||
assert!(first.windows(2).all(|w| w[0] == w[1]), "{first:?}");
|
||||
// placements reach the content streams
|
||||
let contents: Vec<String> = s
|
||||
.match_indices("/Contents ")
|
||||
.map(|(i, _)| s[i + 10..].split(' ').next().unwrap().parse::<usize>().unwrap())
|
||||
.map(|id| String::from_utf8(inflate(&object(&pdf, id).1)).unwrap())
|
||||
.collect();
|
||||
assert_eq!(contents[0], "q 288 0 0 216 36 72.5 cm /Im0 Do Q\nq 612 0 0 792 0 0 cm /Im1 Do Q\n");
|
||||
assert_eq!(write(&pages, &PdfInfo::default()).unwrap(), pdf, "deterministic");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn output_intent_and_title() {
|
||||
let cmyk_like = srgb();
|
||||
let info = PdfInfo {
|
||||
title: Some("Garden – prints (2)".into()),
|
||||
output_intent: Some(OutputIntent { icc: cmyk_like.clone(), channels: 3, condition: "Glossy (Photo) \\ test".into() }),
|
||||
};
|
||||
let img = PdfImage::from_u16(1, 1, 3, &[0, 0, 0], Some(cmyk_like));
|
||||
let pdf = write(&[page(vec![(img, full(10.0, 10.0))])], &info).unwrap();
|
||||
let (catalog, _) = object(&pdf, 1);
|
||||
assert!(catalog.contains("/OutputIntents [<< /Type /OutputIntent /S /GTS_PDFX"), "{catalog}");
|
||||
assert!(catalog.contains("/Info (Glossy \\(Photo\\) \\\\ test)"), "{catalog}");
|
||||
// the intent and the image share one profile object
|
||||
let dest = reference(&catalog, "/DestOutputProfile");
|
||||
assert_eq!(reference(&object(&pdf, images(&pdf)[0]).0, "/ICCBased"), dest);
|
||||
let (info_dict, _) = object(&pdf, 3);
|
||||
assert!(info_dict.contains("/Title <FEFF"), "non-ASCII titles are UTF-16: {info_dict}");
|
||||
assert!(info_dict.contains("2013"), "the en dash: {info_dict}");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn cmyk_grey_jpeg_and_device_images() {
|
||||
let jpeg = vec![0xFF, 0xD8, 0xFF, 0xD9];
|
||||
let imgs = vec![
|
||||
(
|
||||
PdfImage { width: 1, height: 1, channels: 4, data: ImageData::Raw { bits: 8, samples: vec![0, 10, 20, 30] }, icc: None },
|
||||
full(1.0, 1.0),
|
||||
),
|
||||
(PdfImage { width: 2, height: 1, channels: 1, data: ImageData::Raw { bits: 8, samples: vec![0, 255] }, icc: None }, full(1.0, 1.0)),
|
||||
(PdfImage { width: 4, height: 4, channels: 3, data: ImageData::Jpeg(jpeg.clone()), icc: None }, full(1.0, 1.0)),
|
||||
];
|
||||
let pdf = write(&[page(imgs)], &PdfInfo::default()).unwrap();
|
||||
let ids = images(&pdf);
|
||||
let dicts: Vec<_> = ids.iter().map(|&id| object(&pdf, id)).collect();
|
||||
assert!(dicts[0].0.contains("/ColorSpace /DeviceCMYK") && dicts[0].0.contains("/BitsPerComponent 8"));
|
||||
assert!(dicts[1].0.contains("/ColorSpace /DeviceGray"));
|
||||
assert!(dicts[2].0.contains("/DCTDecode") && dicts[2].0.contains("/DeviceRGB"));
|
||||
assert_eq!(dicts[2].1, jpeg, "JPEG streams are copied as they are");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn hostile_documents_are_errors() {
|
||||
let ok = || PdfImage::from_u16(1, 1, 3, &[1, 2, 3], None);
|
||||
let at = full(10.0, 10.0);
|
||||
let bad = |pages: Vec<PdfPage>| write(&pages, &PdfInfo::default()).is_err();
|
||||
assert!(bad(vec![]));
|
||||
assert!(bad(vec![PdfPage { width: f64::NAN, height: 10.0, images: vec![] }]));
|
||||
assert!(bad(vec![PdfPage { width: -1.0, height: 10.0, images: vec![] }]));
|
||||
assert!(bad(vec![PdfPage { width: 1e9, height: 10.0, images: vec![] }]));
|
||||
assert!(bad(vec![page(vec![(ok(), Placement { x: f64::INFINITY, ..at })])]));
|
||||
assert!(bad(vec![page(vec![(ok(), Placement { width: 0.0, ..at })])]));
|
||||
let mut short = ok();
|
||||
short.data = ImageData::Raw { bits: 16, samples: vec![0; 5] };
|
||||
assert!(bad(vec![page(vec![(short, at)])]));
|
||||
let mut empty = ok();
|
||||
empty.width = 0;
|
||||
assert!(bad(vec![page(vec![(empty, at)])]));
|
||||
let mut odd = ok();
|
||||
odd.channels = 2;
|
||||
assert!(bad(vec![page(vec![(odd, at)])]));
|
||||
let mut not_jpeg = ok();
|
||||
not_jpeg.data = ImageData::Jpeg(vec![1, 2, 3]);
|
||||
assert!(bad(vec![page(vec![(not_jpeg, at)])]));
|
||||
let too_many = (0..MAX_PAGES + 1).map(|_| page(vec![])).collect();
|
||||
assert!(bad(too_many));
|
||||
let info = PdfInfo { title: None, output_intent: Some(OutputIntent { icc: srgb(), channels: 2, condition: String::new() }) };
|
||||
assert!(write(&[page(vec![])], &info).is_err());
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn numbers_and_strings() {
|
||||
assert_eq!(num(612.0), "612");
|
||||
assert_eq!(num(72.5), "72.5");
|
||||
assert_eq!(num(-0.00001), "0");
|
||||
assert_eq!(num(f64::NAN), "0");
|
||||
assert_eq!(num(1.0 / 3.0), "0.3333");
|
||||
assert_eq!(text("a(b)c\\"), "(a\\(b\\)c\\\\)");
|
||||
assert_eq!(text("é"), "<FEFF00E9>");
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user