test: avoid unchecked option parsing in Flatpak regression

* fix(io): make four DXF/SVG passes linear in their input

Preserving foreign objects looked each root-owned object's key up by scanning the root dictionary; applying annotation scales searched every layout for each handle model space lacked; writing CLASS instance counts inserted each missing group into the middle of the tag list; and SVG attribute lookup resumed after a malformed attribute, re-running the parser's duplicate scan each time. Each is now one indexed or single pass with the same results.

* address review: first layout wins for duplicate handles; move tags instead of cloning in class count pass

* address review: reserve room for the added class counts, correct the peak-memory note

Cargo.lock

@@ -614,7 +614,7 @@ checksum = "fc652a48c352aef3ea3aed32080501cf3ef6ed5da78602a020c991775b0aff04"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cadcraft"
-version = "0.17.0"
+version = "0.20.1"
 dependencies = [
  "cadcraft-engine",
  "cadcraft-io",
@@ -645,7 +645,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cadcraft-cli"
-version = "0.17.0"
+version = "0.20.1"
 dependencies = [
  "cadcraft-engine",
  "cadcraft-io",
@@ -661,14 +661,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cadcraft-color"
-version = "0.17.0"
+version = "0.20.1"
 dependencies = [
  "serde",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cadcraft-constraints"
-version = "0.17.0"
+version = "0.20.1"
 dependencies = [
  "cadcraft-doc",
  "cadcraft-geom",
@@ -678,7 +678,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cadcraft-doc"
-version = "0.17.0"
+version = "0.20.1"
 dependencies = [
  "cadcraft-color",
  "cadcraft-geom",
@@ -689,7 +689,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cadcraft-dwg"
-version = "0.17.0"
+version = "0.20.1"
 dependencies = [
  "acadrust",
  "log",
@@ -697,7 +697,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cadcraft-dxf"
-version = "0.17.0"
+version = "0.20.1"
 dependencies = [
  "encoding_rs",
  "log",
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cadcraft-engine"
-version = "0.17.0"
+version = "0.20.1"
 dependencies = [
  "cadcraft-color",
  "cadcraft-constraints",
@@ -727,7 +727,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cadcraft-fonts"
-version = "0.17.0"
+version = "0.20.1"
 dependencies = [
  "cadcraft-dxf",
  "cadcraft-geom",
@@ -740,14 +740,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cadcraft-geom"
-version = "0.17.0"
+version = "0.20.1"
 dependencies = [
  "serde",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cadcraft-io"
-version = "0.17.0"
+version = "0.20.1"
 dependencies = [
  "acadrust",
  "cadcraft-color",
@@ -769,13 +769,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cadcraft-mcp"
-version = "0.17.0"
+version = "0.20.1"
 dependencies = [
  "cadcraft-engine",
  "cadcraft-io",
  "cadcraft-render",
  "clap",
  "getrandom 0.4.3",
+ "libc",
  "log",
  "serde_json",
  "tiny-skia",
@@ -783,7 +784,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cadcraft-render"
-version = "0.17.0"
+version = "0.20.1"
 dependencies = [
  "cadcraft-color",
  "cadcraft-doc",
@@ -797,7 +798,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cadcraft-ui-egui"
-version = "0.17.0"
+version = "0.20.1"
 dependencies = [
  "cadcraft-color",
  "cadcraft-doc",
@@ -824,7 +825,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cadcraft-web"
-version = "0.17.0"
+version = "0.20.1"
 dependencies = [
  "cadcraft-engine",
  "cadcraft-fonts",
@@ -5992,7 +5993,7 @@ checksum = "9440ea3e5aeabb0ac63af70daf835274065238cdd0cec83418f417eae38bacee"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "xtask"
-version = "0.17.0"
+version = "0.20.1"
 dependencies = [
  "chrono",
  "serde_json",

Cargo.toml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ members = ["crates/*", "apps/*", "xtask"]
 # default-members
 
 [workspace.package]
-version = "0.17.0"
+version = "0.20.1"
 edition = "2024"
 license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
 rust-version = "1.95"

apps/cadcraft/src/control_server.rs

@@ -250,17 +250,18 @@ fn parse_line(bytes: &[u8]) -> Line {
         Ok(v) => v,
         Err(e) => return Line::Reject(format!("bad JSON ({e}); expected one JSON request object per line; closing the connection")),
     };
-    let Some(obj) = msg.as_object() else {
+    let Value::Object(mut obj) = msg else {
         return Line::Reject("not a control request (expected a JSON object); closing the connection".into());
     };
-    let Some(method) = obj.get("method").and_then(Value::as_str) else {
+    let Some(Value::String(method)) = obj.remove("method") else {
         return Line::Reject("not a control request (missing string `method`); closing the connection".into());
     };
+    // Moved out of the parsed object, not cloned: `params` can be most of the line.
     Line::Request {
-        id: obj.get("id").cloned().unwrap_or(Value::Null),
-        method: method.to_string(),
-        params: obj.get("params").cloned().unwrap_or(json!({})),
-        token: obj.get("token").and_then(Value::as_str).map(str::to_string),
+        id: obj.remove("id").unwrap_or(Value::Null),
+        method,
+        params: obj.remove("params").unwrap_or(json!({})),
+        token: obj.remove("token").and_then(|t| if let Value::String(t) = t { Some(t) } else { None }),
     }
 }
 

crates/doc/src/array.rs

@@ -204,6 +204,23 @@ impl ArrayParams {
         self.replaced.iter().rev().find(|r| (r.i, r.j, r.level) == (i, j, level)).map_or(self.source.as_str(), |r| r.block.as_str())
     }
 
+    /// [`block_for`](Self::block_for) for many items: the replacements are indexed once (the last
+    /// entry for a place wins, as there), so each lookup is O(1) instead of a scan of `replaced`.
+    pub fn block_lookup<'a>(&'a self) -> impl Fn(u32, u32, u32) -> &'a str + 'a {
+        // Only places `items()` generates are indexed, so stray out-of-range records cost nothing.
+        let (cols, rows) = match &self.kind {
+            ArrayKind::Rect(r) => (r.cols, r.rows),
+            ArrayKind::Polar(p) => (p.items, p.rows),
+        };
+        let index: std::collections::HashMap<(u32, u32, u32), &str> = self
+            .replaced
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|r| r.i < cols && r.j < rows && r.level < self.levels)
+            .map(|r| ((r.i, r.j, r.level), r.block.as_str()))
+            .collect();
+        move |i, j, level| index.get(&(i, j, level)).copied().unwrap_or(self.source.as_str())
+    }
+
     /// The block references that make up the array block: one per item, on layer 0 with ByBlock
     /// properties so they take the array's. Handles are allocated from `d`. `None` when the
     /// parameters are not [valid](Self::is_valid).
@@ -217,9 +234,10 @@ impl ArrayParams {
             ..Common::default()
         };
         let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(items.len());
+        let block_for = self.block_lookup();
         for it in items {
             let ins = Insert {
-                block: self.block_for(it.i, it.j, it.level).to_string(),
+                block: block_for(it.i, it.j, it.level).to_string(),
                 insert: it.insert,
                 scale: Vec3::new(1.0, 1.0, 1.0),
                 rotation: it.rotation,
@@ -301,6 +319,18 @@ mod tests {
         }
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn block_lookup_agrees_with_block_for_and_the_last_replacement_wins() {
+        let mut p = rect(3, 2);
+        let r = |i, j, level, b: &str| ReplacedItem { i, j, level, block: b.into() };
+        p.replaced = vec![r(1, 0, 0, "A"), r(1, 0, 0, "B"), r(2, 1, 1, "C")];
+        let look = p.block_lookup();
+        for (i, j, level) in [(0, 0, 0), (1, 0, 0), (2, 1, 1), (2, 1, 0)] {
+            assert_eq!(look(i, j, level), p.block_for(i, j, level));
+        }
+        assert_eq!((look(1, 0, 0), look(0, 0, 0)), ("B", "*U1"));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn rect_items_go_column_row_level() {
         let items = rect(3, 2).items().unwrap_or_default();

crates/doc/src/dynblock/apply.rs

@@ -674,6 +674,10 @@ fn apply(
 /// Associative hatches of block `b` whose loop is one closed polyline of the block take its
 /// outline again (it may have been stretched).
 fn refill_hatches(b: &mut Block) {
+    // Each loop gets its own copy of the outline, so many small loops on one big outline multiply it;
+    // past this many vertices in all, the remaining loops keep the outline they have.
+    const MAX_REFILLED_VERTICES: usize = 4_000_000;
+    let mut budget = MAX_REFILLED_VERTICES;
     let outlines: HashMap<Handle, Vec<cadcraft_geom::PolyVertex>> = b
         .entities
         .iter()
@@ -689,7 +693,9 @@ fn refill_hatches(b: &mut Block) {
                 for l in &mut hh.loops {
                     if let [s] = l.sources.as_slice()
                         && let Some(vs) = outlines.get(s)
+                        && let Some(left) = budget.checked_sub(vs.len())
                     {
+                        budget = left;
                         l.vertices.clone_from(vs);
                     }
                 }

crates/doc/src/tables.rs

@@ -486,16 +486,24 @@ impl DimStyle {
 
     /// Set fields from a JSON object of field or DIM* variable names (numbers, booleans as
     /// 0/1, colours as ACI numbers or names). Returns the names that were not recognised or
-    /// had unusable values.
+    /// had unusable values. When several spellings name one field, the last one wins and the
+    /// superseded ones are not validated.
     pub fn apply_fields(&mut self, src: &serde_json::Map<String, serde_json::Value>) -> Vec<String> {
         use serde_json::Value;
         let mut rejected = Vec::new();
         let Ok(mut cur) = serde_json::to_value(&*self) else { return src.keys().cloned().collect() };
+        // Spellings of one field (`DIMPOST`, `dimpost`, `textPrefix`…): only the last is applied, so
+        // the style is checked once per field, not once per spelling (each check copies its strings).
+        let last_spelling: std::collections::HashMap<&str, &String> =
+            src.keys().filter_map(|k| DimStyle::field_name(k).filter(|f| *f != "name").map(|f| (f, k))).collect();
         for (k, v) in src {
             let Some(field) = DimStyle::field_name(k).filter(|f| *f != "name") else {
                 rejected.push(k.clone());
                 continue;
             };
+            if last_spelling.get(field) != Some(&k) {
+                continue;
+            }
             let Some(obj) = cur.as_object_mut() else { break };
             let Some(old) = obj.get(field).cloned() else {
                 rejected.push(k.clone());

crates/doc/src/tests.rs

@@ -714,3 +714,14 @@ fn space_names_its_tab() {
     assert_eq!(p.layout(), Some("Sheet A"));
     assert_eq!(p.tab_name(), "Sheet A");
 }
+
+/// Several spellings of one DIM field apply once, the last in the map's order, and none is rejected.
+#[test]
+fn dim_style_spellings_of_one_field_apply_once() {
+    let mut st = DimStyle::default();
+    let m = serde_json::json!({ "textHeight": 2.5, "TEXTHEIGHT": 3.5, "DIMTXT": 4.5 });
+    let m = m.as_object().unwrap();
+    let want = m.values().next_back().and_then(serde_json::Value::as_f64).unwrap();
+    assert!(st.apply_fields(m).is_empty());
+    assert_eq!(st.text_height, want);
+}

crates/engine/src/cmd/array.rs

@@ -178,14 +178,34 @@ fn create(s: &mut Session, objs: &[Handle], base: Vec2, p: ArrayParams, assoc: b
     Ok(json!({ "created": n }))
 }
 
+/// The most objects EXPLODE of one associative array makes from its source objects (ten times the
+/// default MAXARRAY).
+const MAX_EXPLODED_OBJECTS: usize = 1_000_000;
+
 /// EXPLODE of an associative array: every item becomes the objects of its block (the source
 /// objects, or a replacement block's reference), in world coordinates. `None` for other objects.
+///
+/// An array that would explode into more than [`MAX_EXPLODED_OBJECTS`] objects (items times the
+/// objects of the source block, which a file sets freely) is not expanded here: `None`, so EXPLODE
+/// takes the array block's own items.
 pub(crate) fn explode_array(d: &Drawing, e: &Entity) -> Option<Vec<Entity>> {
     let EntityKind::Insert(ins) = &e.kind else { return None };
     let p = d.array_params(e)?;
     let blk = d.block(&ins.block)?;
     let m = ins.transform(blk.base.xy());
-    let mut out = Vec::new();
+    // Count first: a hostile array must be refused before any entity is cloned.
+    let total = blk
+        .entities
+        .iter()
+        .map(|it| match &it.kind {
+            EntityKind::Insert(i) if i.block.eq_ignore_ascii_case(&p.source) => d.block(&i.block).map_or(1, |b| b.entities.len()),
+            _ => 1,
+        })
+        .fold(0usize, usize::saturating_add);
+    if total > MAX_EXPLODED_OBJECTS {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(total);
     for item in blk.entities.iter() {
         let item = placed(e, item, &m);
         let source = match &item.kind {
@@ -193,7 +213,9 @@ pub(crate) fn explode_array(d: &Drawing, e: &Entity) -> Option<Vec<Entity>> {
             _ => None,
         };
         match source {
-            Some((im, b)) => out.extend(b.entities.iter().map(|se| placed(&item, se, &im))),
+            Some((im, b)) => {
+                out.extend(b.entities.iter().map(|se| placed(&item, se, &im)));
+            }
             None => out.push(item),
         }
     }

crates/engine/src/cmd/array/edit.rs

@@ -188,8 +188,9 @@ fn item_at(d: &Drawing, h: Handle, at: Vec2, tol: f64) -> Option<(u32, u32, u32)
     let mut best: Option<((u32, u32, u32), f64)> = None;
     // Each block's own extents, measured once.
     let mut extents: HashMap<String, (Vec2, Bounds2)> = HashMap::new();
+    let block_for = p.block_lookup();
     for it in p.items()? {
-        let name = p.block_for(it.i, it.j, it.level);
+        let name = block_for(it.i, it.j, it.level);
         let (base, local) = match extents.get(name) {
             Some(x) => *x,
             None => {

crates/engine/src/cmd/blocks/extract.rs

@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
 //! block name and values, or one row per reference with its handle, layer, position and
 //! rotation — returned, written to a CSV file and/or inserted as a table. Tags match in any case.
 
-use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+use std::collections::{BTreeMap, HashMap};
 
-use cadcraft_doc::{EntityKind, Insert};
+use cadcraft_doc::{Drawing, EntityKind, Insert};
 use cadcraft_geom::Vec2;
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
 
@@ -88,22 +88,75 @@ fn matches(spec: &str, text: &str) -> bool {
     spec.split(',').any(|p| wildcard(p.trim(), text))
 }
 
-/// The attribute values of `ins`: its own, then the constant ones of its block.
-fn values(d: &cadcraft_doc::Drawing, ins: &Insert) -> Vec<(String, String)> {
-    let mut v: Vec<(String, String)> = ins.attribs.iter().map(|a| (a.tag.to_ascii_uppercase(), a.text.value.clone())).collect();
-    if let Some(b) = d.block(&ins.block) {
-        for e in b.entities.iter() {
-            if let EntityKind::AttDef(a) = &e.kind
-                && a.constant
-                && !v.iter().any(|(t, _)| t.eq_ignore_ascii_case(&a.tag))
-            {
-                v.push((a.tag.to_ascii_uppercase(), a.text.value.clone()));
-            }
+/// The constant attribute values of a block definition whose tags are selected for output.
+fn constants(b: &cadcraft_doc::Block, selected: &[String]) -> Vec<(String, String)> {
+    let mut v: Vec<(String, String)> = Vec::new();
+    for e in b.entities.iter() {
+        if let EntityKind::AttDef(a) = &e.kind
+            && a.constant
+            && selected.iter().any(|tag| tag == &a.tag.to_ascii_uppercase())
+            && !v.iter().any(|(t, _)| t.eq_ignore_ascii_case(&a.tag))
+        {
+            v.push((a.tag.to_ascii_uppercase(), a.text.value.clone()));
         }
     }
     v
 }
 
+/// The attribute values of `ins` that `o.tags` selects: its own, then the constant ones of its
+/// block (`consts`, read once per block). Values no column shows are not copied.
+fn values(ins: &Insert, consts: &[(String, String)], selected: &[String]) -> Vec<(String, String)> {
+    let mut v: Vec<(String, String)> = ins
+        .attribs
+        .iter()
+        .map(|a| (a.tag.to_ascii_uppercase(), a))
+        .filter(|(t, _)| selected.contains(t))
+        .map(|(t, a)| (t, a.text.value.clone()))
+        .collect();
+    for (t, val) in consts {
+        if !v.iter().any(|(k, _)| k.eq_ignore_ascii_case(t)) {
+            v.push((t.clone(), val.clone()));
+        }
+    }
+    v
+}
+
+/// Select the output columns before copying any attribute text. A block definition can contain
+/// many large constants that do not survive the table's 190-column limit.
+fn selected_tags(ents: &[std::sync::Arc<cadcraft_doc::Entity>], d: &Drawing, o: &Options) -> Vec<String> {
+    let mut selected = Vec::new();
+    let mut add = |tag: &str| {
+        let tag = tag.to_ascii_uppercase();
+        if selected.len() < MAX_TAGS && matches(&o.tags, &tag) && !selected.contains(&tag) {
+            selected.push(tag);
+        }
+    };
+    let mut scanned = std::collections::HashSet::new();
+    for entity in ents {
+        let EntityKind::Insert(ins) = &entity.kind else { continue };
+        let anonymous = ins.block.starts_with('*') || d.block(&ins.block).is_some_and(|b| b.anonymous);
+        if anonymous || !matches(&o.blocks, &ins.block) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        for attribute in &ins.attribs {
+            add(&attribute.tag);
+        }
+        // A block's constants are read once, however many inserts reference it.
+        if scanned.insert(ins.block.as_str())
+            && let Some(block) = d.block(&ins.block)
+        {
+            for entity in block.entities.iter() {
+                if let EntityKind::AttDef(attribute) = &entity.kind
+                    && attribute.constant
+                {
+                    add(&attribute.tag);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    selected
+}
+
 /// The block references to extract from: `handles` when given, else model space and the layouts.
 fn found(s: &Session, p: &Value, o: &Options) -> Result<Vec<Found>> {
     let d = s.doc()?;
@@ -112,7 +165,9 @@ fn found(s: &Session, p: &Value, o: &Options) -> Result<Vec<Found>> {
     } else {
         d.model.iter().chain(d.layouts.iter().flat_map(|l| l.entities.iter())).cloned().collect()
     };
+    let selected = selected_tags(&ents, d, o);
     let mut out = Vec::new();
+    let mut consts: HashMap<String, Vec<(String, String)>> = HashMap::new();
     for e in &ents {
         let EntityKind::Insert(ins) = &e.kind else { continue };
         let anonymous = ins.block.starts_with('*') || d.block(&ins.block).is_some_and(|b| b.anonymous);
@@ -121,12 +176,17 @@ fn found(s: &Session, p: &Value, o: &Options) -> Result<Vec<Found>> {
         }
         let block = d.block(&ins.block).map(|b| b.name.clone()).unwrap_or_else(|| ins.block.clone());
         out.push(Found {
-            block,
             handle: e.handle.hex(),
             layer: e.common.layer.clone(),
             at: ins.insert.xy(),
             rotation: ins.rotation.to_degrees(),
-            values: values(d, ins),
+            block: block.clone(),
+            values: values(
+                ins,
+                // Keyed by the resolved definition's exact name: `Part` and `PART` can both exist.
+                consts.entry(block.clone()).or_insert_with(|| d.block(&ins.block).map(|b| constants(b, &selected)).unwrap_or_default()),
+                &selected,
+            ),
         });
     }
     Ok(out)

crates/engine/src/cmd/curves.rs

@@ -453,14 +453,32 @@ impl Chain {
     }
     /// Point and unit tangent at arc length `d` from the start (clamped).
     pub fn at_length(&self, d: f64) -> Option<(Vec2, Vec2)> {
-        let mut acc = 0.0;
-        for s in &self.segs {
-            let l = s.len();
-            if d <= acc + l + 1e-12 && l > 0.0 {
-                let t = ((d - acc) / l).clamp(0.0, 1.0);
-                return Some((s.at(t), s.tangent(t)));
-            }
-            acc += l;
+        self.at_length_in(&self.end_lengths(), d)
+    }
+    /// The arc length from the chain's start to the end of each segment, for [`Self::at_length_in`].
+    pub fn end_lengths(&self) -> Vec<f64> {
+        self.segs
+            .iter()
+            .scan(0.0, |acc, s| {
+                *acc += s.len();
+                Some(*acc)
+            })
+            .collect()
+    }
+    /// [`Self::at_length`] with the segment end lengths computed once (`ends` from
+    /// [`Self::end_lengths`]), so many samples along one chain each cost a binary search.
+    pub fn at_length_in(&self, ends: &[f64], d: f64) -> Option<(Vec2, Vec2)> {
+        let first = ends.partition_point(|e| d > e + 1e-12);
+        // A segment of no length can't hold the point; the next one that has length does.
+        // `ends` never decreases, so the first segment past `first` with length is found by search
+        // (a run of zero-length segments can be long) instead of a scan.
+        let base = first.checked_sub(1).and_then(|p| ends.get(p)).copied().unwrap_or(0.0);
+        let i = first + ends.get(first..).unwrap_or_default().partition_point(|e| *e <= base);
+        let i = (i < self.segs.len()).then_some(i);
+        if let Some(s) = i.and_then(|i| self.segs.get(i)) {
+            let start = i.and_then(|i| i.checked_sub(1)).and_then(|p| ends.get(p)).copied().unwrap_or(0.0);
+            let t = ((d - start) / s.len()).clamp(0.0, 1.0);
+            return Some((s.at(t), s.tangent(t)));
         }
         self.segs.last().map(|s| (s.end(), s.tangent(1.0)))
     }
@@ -640,6 +658,34 @@ pub fn reverse_vertices(vs: &[PolyVertex], closed: bool) -> Vec<PolyVertex> {
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
 
+    /// The indexed lookup gives the point and tangent a scan from the start gives, also past the
+    /// ends and over a segment of no length.
+    #[test]
+    fn at_length_in_matches_a_scan() {
+        let l = |a: (f64, f64), b: (f64, f64)| Segment::Line(Line::new(Vec2::new(a.0, a.1), Vec2::new(b.0, b.1)));
+        let c = Chain {
+            segs: vec![l((0.0, 0.0), (0.0, 0.0)), l((0.0, 0.0), (4.0, 0.0)), l((4.0, 0.0), (4.0, 0.0)), l((4.0, 0.0), (4.0, 3.0))],
+            closed: false,
+        };
+        let ends = c.end_lengths();
+        for d in [-1.0, 0.0, 1.5, 4.0, 4.0 + 1e-13, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0] {
+            // The scan this replaced.
+            let mut acc = 0.0;
+            let mut want = c.segs.last().map(|s| (s.end(), s.tangent(1.0)));
+            for s in &c.segs {
+                let len = s.len();
+                if d <= acc + len + 1e-12 && len > 0.0 {
+                    let t = ((d - acc) / len).clamp(0.0, 1.0);
+                    want = Some((s.at(t), s.tangent(t)));
+                    break;
+                }
+                acc += len;
+            }
+            assert_eq!(c.at_length_in(&ends, d), want, "d = {d}");
+            assert_eq!(c.at_length(d), want);
+        }
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn arc_builders() {
         let a = arc_sca(Vec2::new(1.0, 0.0), Vec2::ZERO, std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_2).unwrap();

crates/engine/src/cmd/draw2/divide.rs

@@ -36,16 +36,18 @@ fn check_block(s: &Session, b: Option<&str>) -> Result<()> {
 pub(crate) fn divide_points(c: &Chain, n: usize) -> Vec<(Vec2, Vec2)> {
     let l = c.len();
     let range = if c.closed { 0..n } else { 1..n };
-    range.filter_map(|i| c.at_length(l * i as f64 / n as f64)).collect()
+    let ends = c.end_lengths();
+    range.filter_map(|i| c.at_length_in(&ends, l * i as f64 / n as f64)).collect()
 }
 
 pub(crate) fn measure_points(c: &Chain, step: f64) -> Vec<(Vec2, Vec2)> {
     let l = c.len();
+    let ends = c.end_lengths();
     let mut out = Vec::new();
     let mut k = 1usize;
     while (k as f64) * step < l - 1e-9 && out.len() < MAX_GEN {
         let d = k as f64 * step;
-        out.extend(c.at_length(d));
+        out.extend(c.at_length_in(&ends, d));
         k += 1;
     }
     out

crates/engine/src/cmd/draw2/revcloud.rs

@@ -58,8 +58,9 @@ pub(crate) fn cloud_vertices(boundary: &[Vec2], arc_len: f64, per_edge: bool, re
             closed: true,
         };
         let k = ((perim / arc_len).round() as usize).clamp(3, MAX_GEN);
+        let ends = chain.end_lengths();
         for j in 0..k {
-            out.extend(chain.at_length(perim * j as f64 / k as f64).map(|x| x.0));
+            out.extend(chain.at_length_in(&ends, perim * j as f64 / k as f64).map(|x| x.0));
         }
     }
     let b = if reverse { -0.5 } else { 0.5 };

crates/engine/src/cmd/file/compare.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::hash::{Hash, Hasher};
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
-use cadcraft_doc::{Drawing, Entity, EntityKind, Handle, MAX_BLOCK_DEPTH, Space, entity_bounds};
+use cadcraft_doc::{BlockBoundsCache, Drawing, Entity, EntityKind, Handle, MAX_BLOCK_DEPTH, Space, entity_bounds_cached};
 use cadcraft_geom::{Bounds2, Vec2};
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
 
@@ -375,16 +375,20 @@ fn run_compare(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     }
     let Diff { added, removed, changed, common, truncated } = diff(&cur, &other, &space);
     let mut boxes = Vec::new();
-    let mut bound = |d: &Drawing, h: Handle| {
-        if let Some(b) = d.entity(h).map(|e| entity_bounds(d, e, 0)).filter(|b| !b.is_empty() && b.min.is_finite() && b.max.is_finite()) {
+    // One block-bounds cache for each drawing, so a block many differing entities refer to is
+    // measured once, not once per entity.
+    let (mut cur_cache, mut other_cache) = (BlockBoundsCache::default(), BlockBoundsCache::default());
+    fn bound<'a>(boxes: &mut Vec<Bounds2>, d: &'a Drawing, h: Handle, cache: &mut BlockBoundsCache<'a>) {
+        if let Some(b) = d.entity(h).map(|e| entity_bounds_cached(d, e, 0, cache)).filter(|b| !b.is_empty() && b.min.is_finite() && b.max.is_finite())
+        {
             boxes.push(b);
         }
-    };
-    added.iter().for_each(|h| bound(&cur, *h));
-    removed.iter().for_each(|h| bound(&other, *h));
+    }
+    added.iter().for_each(|h| bound(&mut boxes, &cur, *h, &mut cur_cache));
+    removed.iter().for_each(|h| bound(&mut boxes, &other, *h, &mut other_cache));
     for (a, b, _, _) in &changed {
-        bound(&cur, *a);
-        bound(&other, *b);
+        bound(&mut boxes, &cur, *a, &mut cur_cache);
+        bound(&mut boxes, &other, *b, &mut other_cache);
     }
     let regions = regions(&boxes);
     let ch: Vec<Value> = changed

crates/engine/src/cmd/modify2/mocoro.rs

@@ -117,6 +117,12 @@ pub(super) fn run_mocoro(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
             _ => {}
         }
     }
+    // Each Copy clones every selected object: the copies together stay within MAXARRAY, as an array's do.
+    // Erased handles are skipped by `apply`, so only live objects count (none: nothing is copied).
+    let live = counts(s, &objs)?.0;
+    if live > 0 {
+        crate::cmd::array::check_size(s, ops.iter().filter(|o| matches!(o, Op::Copy(_))).count() as u64, live)?;
+    }
     let mut copies = Vec::new();
     for op in ops {
         copies.extend(apply(s, &objs, &mut base, op)?);
@@ -150,6 +156,12 @@ pub(super) struct MocoroM {
 
 impl MocoroM {
     fn run(&mut self, s: &mut Session, op: Op) -> Result<Step> {
+        if matches!(op, Op::Copy(_)) {
+            let live = counts(s, &self.objs)?.0;
+            if live > 0 {
+                crate::cmd::array::check_size(s, 1, live)?;
+            }
+        }
         let before = s.state()?.doc.clone();
         let base = self.base;
         apply(s, &self.objs, &mut self.base, op)?;

crates/engine/src/cmd/modify2/patharray.rs

@@ -34,10 +34,12 @@ pub(crate) fn arraypath(
         _ => (6, if c.closed { l / 6.0 } else { l / 5.0 }),
     };
     crate::cmd::array::check_size(s, n as u64, objs.len())?;
-    let Some((p0, t0)) = c.at_length(0.0) else { return Ok(Vec::new()) };
+    // Segment end lengths once: each sample is then a binary search, not a scan from the start.
+    let ends = c.end_lengths();
+    let Some((p0, t0)) = c.at_length_in(&ends, 0.0) else { return Ok(Vec::new()) };
     let mut mats = Vec::new();
     for i in 1..n {
-        let Some((p, t)) = c.at_length(step * i as f64) else { continue };
+        let Some((p, t)) = c.at_length_in(&ends, step * i as f64) else { continue };
         let mut m = Mat3::translate(p - p0);
         if align {
             m = Mat3::rotate_about(p, t.angle() - t0.angle()).then_before(m);

crates/engine/src/lisp.rs

@@ -123,6 +123,12 @@ pub struct LispState {
     acad_loaded: bool,
     /// Memory caps (lowered by tests).
     pub(crate) limits: Limits,
+    /// Interpreter steps all synchronous callbacks have run, nested ones included. A callback's
+    /// allowance counts what ran since it started, so the callbacks it calls spend its steps.
+    pub(crate) callback_used: u64,
+    /// The `callback_used` value the callback running now (and so every one it calls) must not
+    /// pass: the lowest of its own and its callers' allowances.
+    pub(crate) callback_ceiling: Option<u64>,
 }
 
 /// What U and REDO inside the running routine take back: the commands it ran, each as the drawing

crates/engine/src/lisp/builtins/strings.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use super::args::{R, arity, int, list_arg, string};
-use super::{LispError, OsStr, Value, check_string_len, read, to_text};
+use super::{LispError, OsStr, Value, charge_bytes, check_string_len, read, to_text};
 
 // ---------------- strings ----------------
 
@@ -114,7 +114,13 @@ pub(super) fn read_fn(a: &[Value]) -> R {
     arity(a, 0, 1)?;
     match a.first() {
         None | Some(Value::Nil) => Ok(Value::Nil),
-        Some(v) => read::read_one(&string(v)?),
+        Some(v) => {
+            // The strings in the list it makes are new, each as long as its text at most: the
+            // text is charged, though a list result isn't inspected by `charge_result`.
+            let text = string(v)?;
+            charge_bytes(text.len())?;
+            read::read_one(&text)
+        }
     }
 }
 

crates/engine/src/lisp/drawing.rs

@@ -179,7 +179,12 @@ fn to_json_bounded(v: &Value, depth: usize, budget: &mut u64) -> Option<serde_js
         Value::Nil => serde_json::Value::Null,
         Value::Int(i) => serde_json::json!(i),
         Value::Real(r) => serde_json::json!(r),
-        Value::Str(s) => serde_json::json!(&**s),
+        Value::Str(s) => {
+            // A string is copied whole each time it occurs: it spends the allowance by its length
+            // (one unit per 16 bytes, so about 32 MB in all), shared or not.
+            *budget = budget.checked_sub(s.len() as u64 / 16)?;
+            serde_json::json!(&**s)
+        }
         Value::Cons(_) => {
             let mut arr = Vec::new();
             for x in v.iter() {
@@ -296,12 +301,16 @@ fn groups_to_list(tags: &[Tag]) -> Vec<Value> {
     out
 }
 
+/// The most string bytes an entity list may hold (counted per occurrence, shared or not).
+const MAX_GROUP_TEXT: usize = 32 << 20;
+
 /// An association list back to DXF groups (points split into x, y, z groups). The type
 /// (`0`), the entity name (`-1`), the handle (`5`), the owner (`330`) and the layout (`410`) are
 /// left out: they aren't the entity's to set.
 fn list_to_groups(list: &Value) -> Result<(String, Vec<Tag>), LispError> {
     let mut kind = None;
     let mut tags = Vec::new();
+    let mut text_left = MAX_GROUP_TEXT;
     for item in list.iter() {
         let Value::Cons(c) = &item else { return Err(LispError::bad_arg("listp", &item)) };
         let Value::Int(code) = c.car else { return Err(LispError::bad_arg("fixnump", &c.car)) };
@@ -323,7 +332,11 @@ fn list_to_groups(list: &Value) -> Result<(String, Vec<Tag>), LispError> {
             _ => tags.push(match &v {
                 Value::Int(i) => Tag::i(code, i64::from(*i)),
                 Value::Real(r) => Tag::f(code, *r),
-                Value::Str(s) => Tag::s(code, &**s),
+                Value::Str(s) => {
+                    // Each occurrence of a shared string becomes its own copy in the tag.
+                    text_left = text_left.checked_sub(s.len()).ok_or_else(|| LispError::new("out of memory: the entity list holds too much text"))?;
+                    Tag::s(code, &**s)
+                }
                 Value::Ename(h) => Tag::s(code, h.hex()),
                 other => return Err(LispError::bad_arg("DXF group value", other)),
             }),
@@ -1125,3 +1138,27 @@ pub fn load_source(s: &Session, name: &str) -> Option<String> {
         s.lisp_support_dir().map(|d| candidates.iter().map(|c| d.join(c).to_string_lossy().into_owned()).collect::<Vec<_>>()).unwrap_or_default();
     candidates.iter().chain(&support).find_map(super::builtins::read_text_file)
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod budget_tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    /// One 64 KB string occurring many times is charged by its length each time.
+    #[test]
+    fn shared_strings_spend_the_conversion_budgets() {
+        let big = Value::str(&"x".repeat(64 << 10));
+        // 600 x 64 KB is over the 32 MiB an entity list may hold; 100 x 64 KB is not.
+        let list = |n: usize| {
+            let mut items = vec![Value::cons(Value::Int(0), Value::str("TEXT"))];
+            items.extend(std::iter::repeat_n(Value::cons(Value::Int(1), big.clone()), n));
+            Value::list(items)
+        };
+        assert!(list_to_groups(&list(600)).is_err());
+        assert!(list_to_groups(&list(100)).is_ok());
+        // 1,000 x 64 KB is 4,096,000 units of the 2,000,000 SETVAR allows; 100 x 64 KB is not.
+        let mut budget = TO_JSON_BUDGET;
+        assert!(to_json_bounded(&Value::list(vec![big.clone(); 1_000]), 0, &mut budget).is_none());
+        let mut budget = TO_JSON_BUDGET;
+        assert!(to_json_bounded(&Value::list(vec![big; 100]), 0, &mut budget).is_some());
+    }
+}

crates/engine/src/lisp/eval.rs

@@ -201,6 +201,10 @@ impl Machine {
             if n > budget {
                 return Outcome::Wait(Need::Yield);
             }
+            // Charge a callback's step as it runs, so callbacks it calls see what it already spent.
+            if ctx.depth > 0 {
+                ctx.s.lisp.callback_used = ctx.s.lisp.callback_used.saturating_add(1);
+            }
             let r = match std::mem::replace(&mut self.state, State::Ret(Value::Nil)) {
                 State::Eval(expr) => self.eval(ctx, expr),
                 State::Call(f, args) => self.call(ctx, f, args),
@@ -646,29 +650,44 @@ impl Ctx<'_> {
             super::value::charge_result(&v)?;
             return Ok(v);
         }
+        let cap = self.s.lisp.limits.callback_steps;
+        let start = self.s.lisp.callback_used;
+        // This callback may run until `callback_used` reaches `ceiling`: `cap` steps from now, or
+        // sooner where a caller's allowance ends, so callbacks nested in callbacks share one
+        // allowance instead of each taking a fresh one (an exponential tree otherwise).
+        let outer = self.s.lisp.callback_ceiling;
+        let ceiling = start.saturating_add(cap).min(outer.unwrap_or(u64::MAX));
+        self.s.lisp.callback_ceiling = Some(ceiling);
+        let r = self.drive_callback(f, args, ceiling);
+        self.s.lisp.callback_ceiling = outer;
+        r
+    }
+
+    /// Run callback `f` in slices until it finishes or `callback_used` reaches `ceiling`.
+    fn drive_callback(&mut self, f: &Value, args: Vec<Value>, ceiling: u64) -> Result<Value, LispError> {
         let cap = self.s.lisp.limits.callback_steps;
         let mut m = Machine::calling(f.clone(), args);
         let mut sub = Ctx { s: &mut *self.s, env: &mut *self.env, depth: self.depth + 1 };
         // Drive the callback in bounded slices instead of granting it `u64::MAX` fuel. A `Yield`
-        // (the step budget ran out) is retried until a hard cap, so a constant-memory infinite
+        // (the step budget ran out) is retried until the ceiling, so a constant-memory infinite
         // loop inside a comparator or predicate terminates with an error rather than hanging the
-        // thread and bypassing the blocking execution cap (CWE-400).
-        let mut spent: u64 = 0;
+        // thread and bypassing the blocking execution cap (CWE-400). The steps of callbacks this
+        // one calls are counted in `callback_used` too.
         loop {
-            let remaining = cap.saturating_sub(spent);
+            let remaining = ceiling.saturating_sub(sub.s.lisp.callback_used);
             if remaining == 0 {
                 return Err(LispError::new(format!("callback stopped after {cap} steps")));
             }
             let slice = remaining.min(SYNC_SLICE);
-            match m.run(&mut sub, slice) {
+            let outcome = m.run(&mut sub, slice);
+            match outcome {
+                // The steps were charged as they ran; finishing past the shared allowance is a failure too.
+                Outcome::Done(_) if sub.s.lisp.callback_used > ceiling => {
+                    return Err(LispError::new(format!("callback stopped after {cap} steps")));
+                }
                 Outcome::Done(v) => return Ok(v),
                 Outcome::Error(e) => return Err(e),
-                Outcome::Wait(Need::Yield) => {
-                    spent = spent.saturating_add(slice);
-                    if spent >= cap {
-                        return Err(LispError::new(format!("callback stopped after {cap} steps")));
-                    }
-                }
+                Outcome::Wait(Need::Yield) => {}
                 Outcome::Wait(_) => return Err(LispError::new("this function can't ask for input here")),
             }
         }

crates/engine/src/lisp/tests.rs

@@ -286,6 +286,35 @@ fn reaching_a_callback_slice_boundary_does_not_grant_another_slice() {
     assert!(counts[1] >= counts[0] && counts[1] - counts[0] <= 1, "{counts:?}");
 }
 
+/// Callbacks that call callbacks share one allowance: a branching routine can't multiply it.
+#[test]
+fn nested_callbacks_share_one_step_allowance() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    s.lisp.limits.callback_steps = 1_000_000;
+    // 4^14 leaf calls if every callback took a fresh allowance; the whole tree gets one.
+    let started = std::time::Instant::now();
+    let e = eval(&mut s, "(defun f (n) (if (> n 0) (vl-every '(lambda (x) (f (1- n)) t) '(1 2 3 4)) t)) (f 14)").unwrap_err();
+    assert!(e.contains("callback stopped after 1000000 steps"), "{e}");
+    assert!(started.elapsed() < std::time::Duration::from_secs(60));
+    // The next run starts afresh.
+    assert_eq!(ok(&mut s, "(f 1)"), "T");
+}
+
+/// An outer callback's own steps count against the allowance before the callbacks it calls run.
+#[test]
+fn an_outer_callbacks_steps_are_charged_before_a_nested_one() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    s.lisp.limits.callback_steps = 1_000;
+    ok(&mut s, "(setq inner-steps 0)");
+    // The outer callback spends ~600 steps, then a nested one tries to spend ~600 more.
+    let r = eval(
+        &mut s,
+        "(vl-remove-if '(lambda (x) (repeat 150 (setq a 1)) (vl-remove-if '(lambda (y) (repeat 150 (setq inner-steps (1+ inner-steps)))) '(1)) nil) '(1))",
+    );
+    assert_eq!(r, Err("callback stopped after 1000 steps".into()));
+    assert!(ok(&mut s, "inner-steps").parse::<i64>().unwrap() < 150);
+}
+
 /// System-variable conversion rejects a shared list whose owned JSON expansion would exceed its budget.
 #[test]
 fn setvar_rejects_an_oversized_shared_structure() {
@@ -987,6 +1016,9 @@ fn strings_are_capped() {
     assert!(e.contains("too much text"), "{e}");
     let e = eval(&mut s, "(repeat 200000 (princ \"0123456789\"))").unwrap_err();
     assert!(e.contains("too much text"), "{e}");
+    // READ makes new strings inside the list it returns: they count, though the result is a list.
+    let e = eval(&mut s, "(setq a \"(\\\"0123456789\\\")\") (repeat 100000 (setq b (read a)))").unwrap_err();
+    assert!(e.contains("too much text"), "{e}");
     // The budget is per run: the next one starts afresh.
     assert_eq!(ok(&mut s, "(strcat \"a\" \"b\")"), "\"ab\"");
 }

crates/engine/src/lisp/value.rs

@@ -346,7 +346,11 @@ pub fn equal(a: &Value, b: &Value, fuzz: f64) -> bool {
     // A shared cons DAG can expand into exponentially many node visits when compared as a tree.
     // Bound the total comparisons so `equal` on adversarial shared structure cannot monopolise the
     // thread (CWE-407); exhausting the budget reports "not equal" rather than looping.
-    let mut budget: u64 = EQUAL_BUDGET;
+    equal_within(a, b, fuzz, EQUAL_BUDGET)
+}
+
+/// [`equal`] with its work allowance (node visits plus string bytes / 64) given.
+fn equal_within(a: &Value, b: &Value, fuzz: f64, mut budget: u64) -> bool {
     equal_depth(a, b, fuzz, 0, &mut budget)
 }
 
@@ -373,7 +377,19 @@ fn equal_depth(a: &Value, b: &Value, fuzz: f64, depth: usize, budget: &mut u64)
                 a = na;
                 b = nb;
             }
-            _ => return atom_equal(&a, &b, fuzz),
+            _ => {
+                // Comparing two strings costs their length, not one visit: a shared list of long
+                // equal strings must spend the allowance by the bytes it compares (one unit per 64).
+                if let (Value::Str(x), Value::Str(y)) = (&a, &b) {
+                    let cost = (x.len().min(y.len()) / 64) as u64;
+                    if cost >= *budget {
+                        *budget = 0;
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    *budget -= cost;
+                }
+                return atom_equal(&a, &b, fuzz);
+            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -540,6 +556,20 @@ fn write_value(out: &mut String, v: &Value, escape: bool, depth: usize) {
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
 
+    /// `equal` charges the bytes of the strings it compares: a list of long equal strings fits a
+    /// big allowance but not a small one, though it has few nodes.
+    #[test]
+    fn equal_spends_its_allowance_on_string_bytes() {
+        let long = Value::str(&"x".repeat(6_400));
+        let other = Value::str(&"x".repeat(6_400));
+        let list = |v: &Value| Value::list(vec![v.clone(); 100]);
+        let (a, b) = (list(&long), list(&other));
+        // 100 strings x 100 units each, plus about 100 node visits.
+        assert!(equal_within(&a, &b, 0.0, 20_000));
+        assert!(!equal_within(&a, &b, 0.0, 5_000));
+        assert!(equal(&a, &b, 0.0));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn reals_print_with_six_significant_digits() {
         assert_eq!(real_text(1.0), "1.0");

crates/engine/tests/it/mocoro.rs

@@ -233,3 +233,17 @@ fn options_on_objects_that_are_gone_record_nothing() {
     assert!(lines(&s).is_empty());
     assert_eq!(undo_len(&s), undo, "no empty undo step");
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn json_form_copies_stay_within_maxarray() {
+    let mut s = Session::new();
+    let l = line(&mut s, [0.0, 0.0], [10.0, 0.0]);
+    // 5,000 Copy options of 30 objects would be 150,000 copies, over the default MAXARRAY of 100,000.
+    let others: Vec<String> = (0..29).map(|i| line(&mut s, [0.0, f64::from(i + 1)], [10.0, f64::from(i + 1)])).collect();
+    let mut hs = vec![l];
+    hs.extend(others);
+    let ops: Vec<Value> = (0..5_000).map(|i| json!({"copy": [0, i]})).collect();
+    let e = s.execute("mocoro", &json!({"handles": hs, "base": [0, 0], "ops": ops})).unwrap_err();
+    assert!(e.to_string().contains("MAXARRAY"), "{e}");
+    assert_eq!(lines(&s).len(), 30, "nothing was copied");
+}

crates/io/src/dxf_ext.rs

@@ -844,15 +844,33 @@ pub(crate) fn apply_anno(d: &mut cadcraft_doc::Drawing, p: AnnoPayload) {
             std::sync::Arc::make_mut(b).annotative = true;
         }
     }
+    // Which layout holds each paper space object, found once: `modify_entity` searches every
+    // layout for a handle model space lacks, which a long list of missing handles made quadratic.
+    let mut in_layout: std::collections::HashMap<Handle, usize> = Default::default();
+    if !p.objects.is_empty() {
+        // First layout wins, as `modify_entity` did.
+        for (i, l) in d.layouts.iter().enumerate() {
+            for h in l.entities.handles() {
+                in_layout.entry(h).or_insert(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
     for o in p.objects {
         let Some(h) = Handle::parse_hex(&o.handle) else { continue };
+        let store = if d.model.contains(h) {
+            &mut d.model
+        } else if let Some(l) = in_layout.get(&h).and_then(|&i| d.layouts.get_mut(i)) {
+            &mut l.entities
+        } else {
+            continue;
+        };
         let mut scales: Vec<cadcraft_doc::AnnoScale> = Vec::new();
         for s in o.scales.into_iter().filter(|s| s.is_valid() && !s.name.trim().is_empty()) {
             if scales.len() < cadcraft_doc::MAX_SCALES && !scales.iter().any(|x| x.name.eq_ignore_ascii_case(&s.name)) {
                 scales.push(s);
             }
         }
-        let _ = d.modify_entity(h, |e| {
+        store.modify(h, |e| {
             if cadcraft_doc::can_be_annotative(&e.kind) {
                 e.common.anno_scales = scales;
             }

crates/io/src/dxf_raw.rs

@@ -339,7 +339,8 @@ pub(crate) fn read(secs: &[Section], d: &mut Drawing) {
     }
     let root = objects.first().filter(|(k, _, _)| is_dictionary(k)).and_then(|(_, _, t)| head(t).handle);
     let root_entries = objects.first().filter(|(k, _, _)| is_dictionary(k)).map(|(_, _, t)| entries(t)).unwrap_or_default();
-    let root_key = |h: &str| root_entries.iter().find(|(_, eh)| eh == h).map(|(k, _)| k.clone());
+    let root_keys = root_key_index(&root_entries);
+    let root_key = |h: &str| root_keys.get(h).map(|k| (*k).to_string());
     // An extension dictionary of an entity or record (not of another object).
     let is_xdict = |k: usize| {
         let Some((_, _, t)) = objects.get(k) else { return false };
@@ -494,6 +495,16 @@ fn extension_dictionaries(
     dictionaries
 }
 
+/// The root dictionary's key for each entry handle (the first key when several name one handle),
+/// built once: a lookup per object scanning the entries made a large dictionary quadratic.
+fn root_key_index(root_entries: &[(String, String)]) -> HashMap<&str, &str> {
+    let mut index = HashMap::with_capacity(root_entries.len());
+    for (key, handle) in root_entries {
+        index.entry(handle.as_str()).or_insert(key.as_str());
+    }
+    index
+}
+
 /// Determine which objects belong to unmodelled dictionary entries or owners.
 fn retained_objects(
     objects: &[(String, usize, &[Tag])],
@@ -504,7 +515,8 @@ fn retained_objects(
     root_entries: &[(String, String)],
     xdict_of: &HashMap<String, String>,
 ) -> HashMap<usize, bool> {
-    let root_key = |handle: &str| root_entries.iter().find(|(_, entry_handle)| entry_handle == handle).map(|(key, _)| key);
+    let root_keys = root_key_index(root_entries);
+    let root_key = |handle: &str| root_keys.get(handle).copied();
     let is_xdict = |index: usize| {
         let Some((_, _, tags)) = objects.get(index) else { return false };
         let header = head(tags);

crates/io/src/dxf_write/sections.rs

@@ -1204,33 +1204,56 @@ fn add_class_instance_counts(tags: &mut Vec<Tag>, target: Version) {
         return;
     }
     let mut counts: HashMap<String, i64> = HashMap::new();
+    let mut classes = 0;
     for t in tags.iter().filter(|t| t.code == 0) {
         let kind = t.str();
         if kind != "CLASS" {
             *counts.entry(kind.to_ascii_uppercase()).or_default() += 1;
+        } else {
+            classes += 1;
         }
     }
 
-    let mut start = 0;
-    while start < tags.len() {
-        if tags.get(start).is_none_or(|t| t.code != 0 || t.str() != "CLASS") {
-            start += 1;
+    // One pass into a new list: inserting each missing count in place shifted every later tag,
+    // quadratic in the number of CLASS records.
+    // Tags move by value (no clone); the old and new buffers coexist while it runs. At most one
+    // group 91 is added per CLASS record, so that is all the room the new list needs beyond the old one.
+    let old = std::mem::take(tags);
+    tags.reserve(old.len() + classes);
+    let mut it = old.into_iter();
+    let mut pending = it.next();
+    while let Some(t) = pending.take() {
+        if t.code != 0 || t.str() != "CLASS" {
+            tags.push(t);
+            pending = it.next();
             continue;
         }
-        let end = tags[start + 1..].iter().position(|t| t.code == 0).map_or(tags.len(), |i| start + 1 + i);
-        let name = tags[start + 1..end].iter().find(|t| t.code == 1).map(Tag::str).unwrap_or_default().to_ascii_uppercase();
+        let mut record = vec![t];
+        for n in it.by_ref() {
+            if n.code == 0 {
+                pending = Some(n);
+                break;
+            }
+            record.push(n);
+        }
+        let name = record.iter().skip(1).find(|t| t.code == 1).map(Tag::str).unwrap_or_default().to_ascii_uppercase();
         let count = counts.get(&name).copied().unwrap_or(0);
-        let inserted = if let Some(i) = tags[start + 1..end].iter().position(|t| t.code == 91) {
-            tags[start + 1 + i] = Tag::i(91, count);
-            false
-        } else if let Some(i) = tags[start + 1..end].iter().position(|t| t.code == 90) {
-            tags.insert(start + 2 + i, Tag::i(91, count));
-            true
-        } else {
-            false
-        };
-        // Inserting the group shifts the next record's start by one.
-        start = end + usize::from(inserted);
+        // The first 91 gets the count; without one, a 91 goes in after the first 90.
+        let mut added = record.iter().skip(1).any(|t| t.code == 91);
+        let mut replaced = false;
+        for (i, t) in record.into_iter().enumerate() {
+            let code = t.code;
+            if i > 0 && code == 91 && !replaced {
+                tags.push(Tag::i(91, count));
+                replaced = true;
+                continue;
+            }
+            tags.push(t);
+            if i > 0 && code == 90 && !added {
+                tags.push(Tag::i(91, count));
+                added = true;
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -1258,3 +1281,31 @@ fn mark_xrefs(tags: &mut [Tag], d: &Drawing) {
         }
     }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod class_count_tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn record(kind: &str, name: &str, extra: &[Tag]) -> Vec<Tag> {
+        let mut r = vec![Tag::s(0, kind), Tag::s(1, name), Tag::i(90, 0)];
+        r.extend_from_slice(extra);
+        r
+    }
+
+    /// The first 91 gets the count, a CLASS without one gets it after its 90, in one pass over many records.
+    #[test]
+    fn counts_are_set_and_added_in_one_pass() {
+        let mut tags = record("CLASS", "FOO", &[]);
+        tags.extend(record("CLASS", "BAR", &[Tag::i(91, 7), Tag::i(91, 8)]));
+        for i in 0..50_000 {
+            tags.extend(record("CLASS", &format!("X{i}"), &[]));
+        }
+        tags.push(Tag::s(0, "FOO"));
+        let started = std::time::Instant::now();
+        add_class_instance_counts(&mut tags, Version::R2018);
+        assert!(started.elapsed() < std::time::Duration::from_secs(5));
+        assert_eq!(&tags[..4], &[Tag::s(0, "CLASS"), Tag::s(1, "FOO"), Tag::i(90, 0), Tag::i(91, 1)]);
+        assert_eq!(&tags[4..9], &[Tag::s(0, "CLASS"), Tag::s(1, "BAR"), Tag::i(90, 0), Tag::i(91, 0), Tag::i(91, 8)]);
+        assert_eq!(tags.iter().filter(|t| t.code == 91).count(), 50_003);
+    }
+}

crates/io/src/pdf.rs

@@ -50,6 +50,8 @@ const MAX_LAYER_NAME: usize = 1000;
 /// Most link annotations in one file, and the longest link target (bytes).
 const MAX_LINKS: usize = 10_000;
 const MAX_URL: usize = 2048;
+/// The most link annotations in one PDF, over all pages (a page holds at most [`MAX_LINKS`]).
+const MAX_FILE_ANNOTATIONS: usize = 100_000;
 /// Longest title and page label written (characters).
 const MAX_TEXT: usize = 1000;
 
@@ -357,7 +359,10 @@ fn sheet_name(space: &Space) -> String {
 /// Write a vector PDF with one page per space (at most [`MAX_PAGES`]), each labelled with its
 /// layout name. The options apply to every sheet; layouts use their own page setups.
 pub fn pdf_sheets(d: &Drawing, spaces: &[Space], o: &PdfOptions) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
-    let items: Vec<(Space, PdfOptions)> = spaces.iter().take(MAX_PAGES + 1).map(|s| (s.clone(), o.clone())).collect();
+    // Links are file-wide (`pdf_items` reads them from `o`), so a sheet's own options carry none:
+    // a copy of the list per sheet multiplied it by the sheet count.
+    let sheet = PdfOptions { links: Vec::new(), ..o.clone() };
+    let items: Vec<(Space, PdfOptions)> = spaces.iter().take(MAX_PAGES + 1).map(|s| (s.clone(), sheet.clone())).collect();
     pdf_items(d, &items, o)
 }
 
@@ -453,8 +458,16 @@ fn write_pdf(d: &Drawing, items: &[(Space, PdfOptions)], o: &PdfOptions, text_as
         let mut writer = Writer::new(settings, metadata);
         let mut fonts = fonts::Fonts::new(!text_as_geometry);
         let mut groups = Groups::default();
+        // Link annotations of the whole file: each page keeps its own copy of the targets, so the
+        // pages times the links must not multiply without a bound.
+        let mut annotations_left = MAX_FILE_ANNOTATIONS;
         for (s, po) in items {
-            let page = sheet(drawn, s, po, &links)?;
+            // Once the budget is spent no link is built (scanned and cloned) for later pages.
+            let mut page = sheet(drawn, s, po, if annotations_left == 0 { &links[..0] } else { &links })?;
+            // Only targets `write_page` accepts count against the budget.
+            page.links.retain(|(_, url)| uri(url).is_some());
+            page.links.truncate(annotations_left);
+            annotations_left -= page.links.len();
             let doc = writer.document_mut();
             // Groups are added to the document, so they must exist before the page starts.
             groups.add(doc, d, &page.layers);
@@ -625,7 +638,8 @@ pub(crate) fn placement(space: &Space, bounds: &Bounds2, fit: bool, sheet: &Shee
 /// The hyperlinks to plot: the options' own, then (with [`PdfOptions::hyperlinks`]) those the
 /// drawing file gave its entities as `PE_URL` extended data, at most [`MAX_LINKS`] in all.
 fn all_links(d: &Drawing, o: &PdfOptions) -> Vec<(Handle, String)> {
-    let mut out: Vec<(Handle, String)> = o.links.iter().take(MAX_LINKS).cloned().collect();
+    // A target past MAX_URL is refused at the annotation anyway; it is left out before it is copied.
+    let mut out: Vec<(Handle, String)> = o.links.iter().filter(|(_, u)| u.len() <= MAX_URL).take(MAX_LINKS).cloned().collect();
     if !o.hyperlinks {
         return out;
     }

crates/io/src/svg_read.rs

@@ -590,7 +590,10 @@ fn hidden(e: &BytesStart) -> bool {
 }
 
 fn attr(e: &BytesStart, name: &[u8]) -> Option<String> {
-    for a in e.attributes().flatten() {
+    // Stop at the first malformed attribute: skipping errors resumed the parser's duplicate check,
+    // which rescans the attributes before it each time, so many duplicates were quadratic.
+    for a in e.attributes() {
+        let Ok(a) = a else { return None };
         if a.key.into_inner().as_bytes() == name {
             return a.normalized_value(XmlVersion::Explicit1_0).ok().map(|v| v.into_owned());
         }

crates/io/src/tests.rs

@@ -396,6 +396,16 @@ fn many_distinct_symbol_names_read_quickly() {
     assert_eq!(d.text_style("ST0").map(|s| s.height), Some(2.0));
 }
 
+/// Elements with many duplicate attributes are read in bounded time.
+#[test]
+fn svg_duplicate_attributes_are_not_rescanned() {
+    let dup = " x=\"1\"".repeat(20_000);
+    let svg = format!("<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\">{}</svg>", format!("<rect{dup} width=\"1\" height=\"1\"/>").repeat(20));
+    let started = std::time::Instant::now();
+    let _ = read(svg.as_bytes(), "dup.svg");
+    assert!(started.elapsed() < std::time::Duration::from_secs(10), "took {:?}", started.elapsed());
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn hostile_dxf_does_not_panic() {
     for t in [

crates/mcp/Cargo.toml

@@ -21,3 +21,6 @@ getrandom = "0.4"
 [dev-dependencies]
 # Reads the pixels of rendered PNGs in the tests.
 tiny-skia = { workspace = true }
+[target.'cfg(unix)'.dependencies]
+# O_NOFOLLOW when reading the token file (MIT OR Apache-2.0).
+libc = "0.2"

crates/mcp/src/backend.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 //! Where MCP tool calls end up: a control-channel method call.
 
 use std::io::{BufRead, BufReader, Read, Write};
-use std::net::{TcpStream, ToSocketAddrs};
+use std::net::{Ipv4Addr, SocketAddr, TcpStream, ToSocketAddrs};
 use std::time::Duration;
 
 use cadcraft_engine::Session;
@@ -76,9 +76,17 @@ impl Remote {
     /// The per-session token for this port, read (and cached) from the owner-only token file. A
     /// missing file is not fatal here: the request is sent without a token and the server replies
     /// with an authentication error the user can act on.
+    ///
+    /// The desktop app listens only on `127.0.0.1:PORT`, so the token goes only to that exact
+    /// peer: a name that also resolves elsewhere (`localhost` → `::1`, where another local account
+    /// may listen on the same port) must not be handed the desktop's credential (CWE-522).
     fn token(&mut self) -> Option<&str> {
+        let port = port_of(&self.addr)?;
+        let peer = self.conn.as_ref().and_then(|(_, s)| s.peer_addr().ok());
+        if peer != Some(SocketAddr::from((Ipv4Addr::LOCALHOST, port))) {
+            return None;
+        }
         if self.token.is_none()
-            && let Some(port) = port_of(&self.addr)
             && let Ok(t) = crate::control_token::read(port)
         {
             self.token = Some(t);
@@ -207,6 +215,14 @@ fn is_read_only(method: &str) -> bool {
 
 impl Remote {
     /// Put the current token (if any) on `req`, replacing the one it carries.
+    /// Connect if needed, put the token for the peer actually connected to on `req`, and send it.
+    fn sign_and_send(&mut self, req: &mut Value) -> Result<String, (std::io::Error, bool)> {
+        if self.conn.is_none() {
+            self.reach().map_err(|e| (e, false))?;
+        }
+        self.set_token(req);
+        self.roundtrip(&req.to_string())
+    }
     fn set_token(&mut self, req: &mut Value) {
         let token = self.token().map(str::to_string);
         if let Some(obj) = req.as_object_mut() {
@@ -219,7 +235,7 @@ impl Remote {
     /// Send `req` and parse the reply, refreshing the token before a safe retry after a transport
     /// error. A mutation that may have reached the server is never resent automatically.
     fn exchange(&mut self, method: &str, req: &mut Value) -> Result<Value, String> {
-        let reply = match self.roundtrip(&req.to_string()) {
+        let reply = match self.sign_and_send(req) {
             Ok(r) => r,
             Err((e, sent)) => {
                 self.token = None;
@@ -232,8 +248,7 @@ impl Remote {
                     ));
                 }
                 // A restarted server may have rotated its token before dropping the old socket.
-                self.set_token(req);
-                self.roundtrip(&req.to_string()).map_err(|(e, _)| {
+                self.sign_and_send(req).map_err(|(e, _)| {
                     self.token = None;
                     self.conn = None;
                     format!("CADCraft at {}: {e}", self.addr)
@@ -256,14 +271,12 @@ impl Backend for Remote {
         let id = self.next_id;
         self.next_id += 1;
         let mut req = json!({"id": id, "method": method, "params": params});
-        self.set_token(&mut req);
         let mut v = self.exchange(method, &mut req)?;
         // The token is read before `--launch` opens the app, which then writes a new one (#2087); the
         // file can also be left over from an earlier session. Once, so a wrong token can't loop.
         if unauthorized(&v) && v.get("state").and_then(Value::as_str) == Some("not-run") {
             self.token = None;
             self.conn = None;
-            self.set_token(&mut req);
             v = self.exchange(method, &mut req)?;
         }
         if v.get("ok").and_then(Value::as_bool) == Some(true) {
@@ -595,6 +608,24 @@ mod tests {
         })
     }
 
+    /// A listener on another loopback address with the desktop's port (here `::1`) never receives
+    /// the desktop's token.
+    #[test]
+    fn token_is_not_sent_to_another_loopback_listener() {
+        let Ok(listener) = TcpListener::bind("[::1]:0") else { return };
+        let addr = listener.local_addr().unwrap();
+        crate::control_token::issue(addr.port()).unwrap();
+        let server = fake_app(listener, move |req, _| {
+            assert!(req.get("token").is_none(), "token leaked to {addr}");
+            json!({"ok": true, "result": "x"})
+        });
+        let mut remote = Remote::lazy(&addr.to_string(), false);
+        let got = remote.call("ping", json!({}));
+        crate::control_token::revoke(addr.port());
+        assert_eq!(got, Ok(json!("x")));
+        assert_eq!(server.join().unwrap(), 1);
+    }
+
     /// `--launch` reads the token before it opens the app, so the first request carries the token
     /// of an earlier session (or none); the app refuses it without running it, and the call is
     /// resent once with the token the app has just written (#2087).

crates/mcp/src/control_token.rs

@@ -32,7 +32,9 @@ fn private_dir() -> io::Result<PathBuf> {
     if let Some(h) = std::env::var_os("HOME").filter(|v| !v.is_empty()) {
         return Ok(PathBuf::from(h).join(".cache"));
     }
-    Ok(std::env::temp_dir())
+    // The shared temporary directory would put the credential at a path any local account can
+    // predict and plant a link at: refuse instead.
+    Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::NotFound, "XDG_RUNTIME_DIR or HOME is required for a private control token"))
 }
 
 /// Require the Windows per-user local app-data directory for session token storage.
@@ -75,7 +77,31 @@ fn issue_at(path: &std::path::Path, bytes: &[u8]) -> io::Result<()> {
 
 /// Read the token for `port`, trimming trailing whitespace. Used by clients (the MCP bridge).
 pub fn read(port: u16) -> io::Result<String> {
-    let raw = std::fs::read_to_string(token_path(port)?)?;
+    read_at(&token_path(port)?)
+}
+
+/// Read a token file the issuer wrote: not through a link, a plain file, and (Unix) readable by
+/// its owner only, so a file another account planted or left open is not taken as the credential.
+fn read_at(path: &std::path::Path) -> io::Result<String> {
+    use std::io::Read;
+    let mut options = std::fs::OpenOptions::new();
+    options.read(true);
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    {
+        use std::os::unix::fs::OpenOptionsExt;
+        options.custom_flags(libc::O_NOFOLLOW | libc::O_NONBLOCK);
+    }
+    let file = options.open(path)?;
+    let meta = file.metadata()?;
+    if !meta.is_file() {
+        return Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::InvalidData, "the control token is not a plain file"));
+    }
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    if std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt::mode(&meta.permissions()) & 0o077 != 0 {
+        return Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::PermissionDenied, "the control token file is readable by other users"));
+    }
+    let mut raw = String::new();
+    file.take(1024).read_to_string(&mut raw)?;
     let token = raw.trim().to_string();
     if token.is_empty() {
         return Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::InvalidData, "empty control token"));
@@ -181,6 +207,24 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(windows_private_dir(Some("private-app-data".into())).unwrap(), PathBuf::from("private-app-data"));
     }
 
+    /// A link, or a file other users can read, is not accepted as the token.
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    #[test]
+    fn read_refuses_links_and_shared_files() {
+        use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
+        let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("cadcraft-token-read-{}", std::process::id()));
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).unwrap();
+        let secret = dir.join("secret");
+        issue_at(&secret, b"abc").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(read_at(&secret).unwrap(), "abc");
+        let link = dir.join("link");
+        std::os::unix::fs::symlink(&secret, &link).unwrap();
+        assert!(read_at(&link).is_err());
+        std::fs::set_permissions(&secret, std::fs::Permissions::from_mode(0o644)).unwrap();
+        assert!(read_at(&secret).is_err());
+        std::fs::remove_dir_all(dir).unwrap();
+    }
+
     /// Token issuance creates its missing directory hierarchy before writing the credential.
     #[test]
     fn issuance_creates_missing_parent() {

crates/render/src/hatch.rs

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ use super::{Builder, Ctx, Ink, fill, ink, max_scale};
 use cadcraft_color::{Color, Rgb};
 use cadcraft_doc::library::{PatternLine, pattern_for};
 use cadcraft_doc::{Drawing, Entity, Gradient, Hatch};
-use cadcraft_geom::{Bounds2, Polyline, Vec2, point_in_polygon};
+use cadcraft_geom::{Bounds2, PolyVertex, Polyline, Vec2, point_in_polygon};
 use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
 
 /// Draw a hatch entity: `rgb` is its resolved colour, `tol` the chord tolerance.
@@ -130,8 +130,15 @@ const MAX_DEDUP_COMPARISONS: u64 = 50_000_000;
 pub fn fill_loops(h: &Hatch, tol: f64) -> Vec<Vec<Vec2>> {
     // One point budget for all the loops: many short arcs across loops must not add up unbounded.
     let mut budget = cadcraft_geom::MAX_TESSELLATED_POINTS;
-    let mut loops: Vec<Vec<Vec2>> =
-        h.loops.iter().map(|l| Polyline { vertices: l.vertices.clone(), closed: true }.tessellate_within(tol, &mut budget)).collect();
+    // Source loops that are the same boundary up to start vertex and winding are tessellated once, so a
+    // duplicate cannot be sampled coarser than its twin by the shared budget and then escape `dedup_polygons`.
+    let mut seen = std::collections::HashSet::new();
+    let mut loops: Vec<Vec<Vec2>> = h
+        .loops
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|l| seen.insert(canonical_key(&l.vertices)))
+        .map(|l| Polyline { vertices: l.vertices.clone(), closed: true }.tessellate_within(tol, &mut budget))
+        .collect();
     dedup_polygons(&mut loops);
     let max_depth = match h.style {
         1 => 1,
@@ -149,6 +156,50 @@ pub fn fill_loops(h: &Hatch, tol: f64) -> Vec<Vec<Vec2>> {
     loops.iter().enumerate().filter(|(i, l)| depth(*i, l) <= max_depth).map(|(_, l)| l.clone()).collect()
 }
 
+/// Start index of the least rotation of `s` (two-pointer scan, O(n)).
+fn least_rotation(s: &[[u64; 3]]) -> usize {
+    let n = s.len();
+    let (mut i, mut j, mut k) = (0, 1, 0);
+    while i < n && j < n && k < n {
+        let (a, b) = (s.get((i + k) % n), s.get((j + k) % n));
+        if a == b {
+            k += 1;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if a > b {
+            i += k + 1;
+        } else {
+            j += k + 1;
+        }
+        if i == j {
+            j += 1;
+        }
+        k = 0;
+    }
+    i.min(j)
+}
+
+/// A key equal for loops that are the same boundary starting at another vertex or wound the other way
+/// (reversing moves each bulge to the other end of its edge and negates it). Exact bits only; the
+/// tolerance-based `dedup_polygons` still catches near matches.
+fn canonical_key(v: &[PolyVertex]) -> Vec<[u64; 3]> {
+    let bits = |x: f64| (x + 0.0).to_bits(); // -0.0 and 0.0 match
+    let n = v.len();
+    let fwd: Vec<[u64; 3]> = v.iter().map(|q| [bits(q.p.x), bits(q.p.y), bits(q.bulge)]).collect();
+    let rev: Vec<[u64; 3]> = (0..n)
+        .map(|j| {
+            let i = n - 1 - j;
+            let edge = v.get((i + n - 1) % n).map_or(0.0, |q| -q.bulge);
+            v.get(i).map_or([0; 3], |q| [bits(q.p.x), bits(q.p.y), bits(edge)])
+        })
+        .collect();
+    let rotated = |s: &[[u64; 3]]| {
+        let k = least_rotation(s);
+        s.iter().cycle().skip(k).take(s.len()).copied().collect::<Vec<_>>()
+    };
+    rotated(&fwd).min(rotated(&rev))
+}
+
 /// A point of a loop to test its nesting with: the middle of its first non-degenerate edge
 /// (vertices may touch an enclosing loop; edge midpoints rarely do).
 fn probe(l: &[Vec2]) -> Option<Vec2> {
@@ -370,6 +421,7 @@ pub fn reads_solid(d: &Drawing, h: &Hatch, px: f64) -> bool {
 /// `px`: a pixel in the hatch's units for the level of detail (a dash or dot repeat under two
 /// pixels is one continuous run); 0 = full detail, as plots, exports and picks use. `view`: only
 /// the part of the hatch inside it is generated; `None` = all of it.
+#[cfg(test)]
 pub fn pattern_lines(d: &Drawing, h: &Hatch, loops: &[Vec<Vec2>], px: f64, view: Option<&Bounds2>) -> Vec<Vec<Vec2>> {
     pattern_lines_until(d, h, loops, px, view, None)
 }
@@ -383,6 +435,21 @@ pub(crate) fn pattern_lines_until(
     px: f64,
     view: Option<&Bounds2>,
     cancel: Option<&AtomicBool>,
+) -> Vec<Vec<Vec2>> {
+    pattern_lines_within(d, h, loops, px, view, cancel, MAX_RUNS, MAX_HATCH_WORK)
+}
+
+/// [`pattern_lines_until`] with the most runs and the dash-work allowance given.
+#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
+fn pattern_lines_within(
+    d: &Drawing,
+    h: &Hatch,
+    loops: &[Vec<Vec2>],
+    px: f64,
+    view: Option<&Bounds2>,
+    cancel: Option<&AtomicBool>,
+    max_runs: usize,
+    work_limit: u64,
 ) -> Vec<Vec<Vec2>> {
     let lines = lines_of(d, h);
     let scale = scale_of(h);
@@ -391,7 +458,7 @@ pub(crate) fn pattern_lines_until(
     // Shared work budget across all families and spans, counting dash-processing steps even when
     // they emit no geometry: gap-only families produce no runs, so `out.len()` alone cannot bound
     // their cost (CWE-400).
-    let mut work: u64 = MAX_HATCH_WORK;
+    let mut work: u64 = work_limit;
     for fam in &lines {
         // A family with dashes but no positive (ink) element can never draw: skip it so its gaps
         // are not swept at all.
@@ -406,8 +473,8 @@ pub(crate) fn pattern_lines_until(
             continue;
         }
         let dashes: Vec<f64> = fam.dashes.iter().map(|d| d * scale).collect();
-        Family { origin, ang, delta, spacing, dashes: &dashes }.sweep(loops, px, view, cancel, &mut out, &mut work);
-        if out.len() >= MAX_RUNS || work == 0 || is_set(cancel) {
+        Family { max_runs, origin, ang, delta, spacing, dashes: &dashes }.sweep(loops, px, view, cancel, &mut out, &mut work);
+        if out.len() >= max_runs || work == 0 || is_set(cancel) {
             break;
         }
     }
@@ -418,6 +485,8 @@ pub(crate) fn pattern_lines_until(
 const SWATCH_REPEATS: f64 = 6.0;
 /// Most runs a swatch holds.
 const MAX_SWATCH_RUNS: usize = 4000;
+/// The dash-work allowance of a swatch (a hatch's is [`MAX_HATCH_WORK`]).
+const MAX_SWATCH_WORK: u64 = 2_000_000;
 
 /// A preview of a pattern for a pattern picker: the runs of its line families `lines` inside the
 /// `side` × `side` square with a corner at the origin, at a scale that shows a few repeats of the
@@ -444,14 +513,19 @@ pub fn pattern_swatch(lines: &[PatternLine], side: f64) -> Vec<Vec<Vec2>> {
         pattern_lines: lines.to_vec(),
     };
     let square = vec![Vec2::new(0.0, 0.0), Vec2::new(side, 0.0), Vec2::new(side, side), Vec2::new(0.0, side)];
-    let mut runs = pattern_lines(&Drawing::default(), &h, &[square], 0.0, None);
+    // The generator stops at the swatch's own limits, so a compact pattern is never made in full
+    // (about a million runs) to keep a few thousand.
+    let mut runs = pattern_lines_within(&Drawing::default(), &h, &[square], 0.0, None, None, MAX_SWATCH_RUNS, MAX_SWATCH_WORK);
     runs.truncate(MAX_SWATCH_RUNS);
+    runs.shrink_to_fit();
     runs
 }
 
 /// One pattern line family, scaled and placed: parallel lines `spacing` apart through `origin`
 /// at angle `ang`, each shifted along itself by `delta`'s along-line part from the last.
 struct Family<'a> {
+    /// Most runs the hatch may hold in all ([`MAX_RUNS`], less for a swatch).
+    max_runs: usize,
     origin: Vec2,
     ang: f64,
     delta: Vec2,
@@ -490,6 +564,13 @@ impl Family<'_> {
 
     /// Intersect a pattern family with boundary loops, respecting view, output, cancellation, and shared dash-work limits.
     fn sweep(&self, loops: &[Vec<Vec2>], px: f64, view: Option<&Bounds2>, cancel: Option<&AtomicBool>, out: &mut Vec<Vec<Vec2>>, work: &mut u64) {
+        // Transforming the boundary is charged before it is done, at the scanline rate (one unit per 8 vertices).
+        let verts: u64 = loops.iter().map(|l| l.len() as u64).sum();
+        let transform_charge = verts / 8 + 1;
+        if transform_charge > *work {
+            return;
+        }
+        *work -= transform_charge;
         let local: Vec<Vec<Vec2>> = loops.iter().map(|l| l.iter().map(|p| self.to_local(*p)).collect()).collect();
         let bb = Bounds2::from_points(local.iter().flatten().copied());
         if bb.is_empty() {
@@ -508,10 +589,17 @@ impl Family<'_> {
         // family draws anything at all).
         let draws = self.dashes.iter().any(|d| *d >= 0.0);
         let solid_line = self.dashes.is_empty() || pat_len < 1e-12 || (px > 0.0 && pat_len < 2.0 * px && draws);
+        // Each scanline visits every boundary edge and sorts the intersections. Charge both the
+        // traversal and an n*ceil(log2(n)) upper bound for sorting, scaled to one unit per eight
+        // operations, whether or not any dash is made.
+        let edges: u64 = local.iter().map(|l| l.len() as u64).sum();
+        let sort_levels = if edges > 1 { (u64::BITS - (edges - 1).leading_zeros()) as u64 } else { 0 };
+        let crossings_charge = edges.saturating_add(edges.saturating_mul(sort_levels)) / 8 + 1;
         for k in k0..=k1 {
-            if out.len() >= MAX_RUNS || *work == 0 || is_set(cancel) {
+            if out.len() >= self.max_runs || crossings_charge > *work || is_set(cancel) {
                 return;
             }
+            *work -= crossings_charge;
             let y = k as f64 * self.spacing;
             let xs = crossings(&local, y);
             let offset = shift_per_line * k as f64;
@@ -541,10 +629,10 @@ impl Family<'_> {
         'outer: while x < x1 {
             for d in self.dashes {
                 guard += 1;
-                *work = work.saturating_sub(1);
-                if guard > 100_000 || out.len() >= MAX_RUNS || *work == 0 {
+                if guard > 100_000 || out.len() >= self.max_runs || *work == 0 {
                     break 'outer;
                 }
+                *work -= 1;
                 let len = d.abs();
                 if *d > 0.0 {
                     let a = x.max(x0);

crates/render/src/linetype_text.rs

@@ -29,11 +29,17 @@ const MAX_TEXTS: usize = 10_000;
 /// repeated many times).
 const MAX_POINTS: usize = 2_000_000;
 
+/// Upper bound on the points of all the texts of one run: each placement keeps its own copy of the
+/// label's outline, so a long label times [`MAX_TEXTS`] would otherwise be too much to hold.
+const MAX_TEXT_POINTS: usize = 4_000_000;
+
 /// One text or shape element of the pattern, shaped once at the origin.
 struct Element {
     /// Distance from the start of a pattern repeat to the anchor (where the element ends).
     at: f64,
     local: Shaped,
+    /// Points in `local`, each placement's cost against [`MAX_TEXT_POINTS`].
+    points: usize,
     rotation: f64,
     absolute: bool,
     offset: Vec2,
@@ -58,6 +64,7 @@ pub fn texts(d: &Drawing, pts: &[Vec2], lt: &Linetype, scale: f64, min_pattern:
         return out;
     }
     let mut walk = Walk { pts, i: 0, start: 0.0 };
+    let mut points_left = MAX_TEXT_POINTS;
     let mut base = 0.0;
     let mut points = 0usize;
     'repeats: while base <= len {
@@ -67,6 +74,8 @@ pub fn texts(d: &Drawing, pts: &[Vec2], lt: &Linetype, scale: f64, min_pattern:
             if s > len + 1e-9 || out.len() >= MAX_TEXTS || points > MAX_POINTS {
                 break 'repeats;
             }
+            let Some(left) = points_left.checked_sub(el.points) else { break 'repeats };
+            points_left = left;
             let Some((p, dir)) = walk.at(s) else { break 'repeats };
             let origin = p + dir * el.offset.x + dir.perp() * el.offset.y;
             let rot = if el.absolute { el.rotation } else { dir.angle() + el.rotation };
@@ -111,6 +120,7 @@ fn elements(d: &Drawing, lt: &Linetype, scale: f64) -> Vec<Element> {
         {
             out.push(Element {
                 at,
+                points: point_count(&local),
                 local,
                 rotation: finite(el.rotation),
                 absolute: el.absolute,
@@ -135,8 +145,16 @@ fn elements(d: &Drawing, lt: &Linetype, scale: f64) -> Vec<Element> {
             ..TextParams::new(Vec2::ZERO, height)
         };
         let (local, _) = cadcraft_fonts::place(&font, text, &params);
+        // Points plus one per stroke and glyph slot, and one for the label itself, so a label of empty
+        // glyphs still has a cost proportional to its size.
+        let points = local.strokes.iter().map(Vec::len).sum::<usize>()
+            + local.glyphs.iter().flatten().map(Vec::len).sum::<usize>()
+            + local.strokes.len()
+            + local.glyphs.len()
+            + 1;
         out.push(Element {
             at,
+            points,
             local,
             rotation: finite(el.rotation),
             absolute: el.absolute,
@@ -217,6 +235,20 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(texts(&d, &[Vec2::ZERO, Vec2::new(2.0, 0.0)], &plain, 1.0, 0.0).is_empty());
     }
 
+    /// A long label repeated along a long run stops at the point allowance, well before MAX_TEXTS.
+    #[test]
+    fn placed_labels_stop_at_the_point_allowance() {
+        let d = Drawing::new_imperial();
+        let mut lt = gas();
+        lt.pattern[1].text = Some("MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM".into());
+        // 0.95 per repeat over 9,000: about 9,500 repeats, under the 50,000 the run is drawn for.
+        let t = texts(&d, &[Vec2::ZERO, Vec2::new(9_000.0, 0.0)], &lt, 1.0, 0.0);
+        let points: usize =
+            t.iter().map(|s| s.strokes.iter().map(Vec::len).sum::<usize>() + s.glyphs.iter().flatten().map(Vec::len).sum::<usize>()).sum();
+        assert!(!t.is_empty() && t.len() < MAX_TEXTS, "{}", t.len());
+        assert!(points <= MAX_TEXT_POINTS, "{points}");
+    }
+
     /// A shape file written for this test: shape 130 a 2 x 2 box with its pen ending at x = 2.
     fn register_shapes() {
         let src = "*130,7,BOX\n1,020,024,028,02C,2,020,0\n";

crates/render/src/table.rs

@@ -133,6 +133,20 @@ pub fn table_geometry(d: &Drawing, t: &Table) -> TableGeom {
     if parts.len() <= 1 {
         return layout(d, t);
     }
+    // Every part is laid out and kept, so the cells of all of them count together (a header repeated
+    // on each part adds to each); past the limit only the table's outline is drawn.
+    let cols = t.col_widths.len().min(10_000);
+    let total: usize = parts.iter().map(|p| p.rows.len().min(10_000).saturating_mul(cols)).fold(0, usize::saturating_add);
+    if total > MAX_LAYOUT_CELLS {
+        // One outline per part, at the part's origin and as tall as its displayed rows.
+        let w = edges(&t.col_widths, cols).last().copied().unwrap_or(0.0);
+        let mut g = TableGeom::default();
+        for p in parts {
+            let h: f64 = p.rows.iter().take(10_000).map(|r| t.row_heights.get(*r).copied().filter(|v| v.is_finite()).unwrap_or(0.0)).sum();
+            outline_box(&mut g, p.origin, w, h);
+        }
+        return g;
+    }
     let mut g = TableGeom::default();
     for p in parts {
         let mut pg = layout(d, &part_table(t, &p.rows, p.origin));
@@ -156,16 +170,20 @@ fn part_table(t: &Table, rows: &[usize], origin: Vec2) -> Table {
     // Otherwise `layout` renders an outline, so materialising millions of empty cells here would be
     // wasted work an attacker can trigger with a compact dimension array (CWE-789).
     if rows.len().min(10_000).saturating_mul(cols) <= MAX_LAYOUT_CELLS {
+        // `run[i]`: how many rows from part row `i` follow one another in the table, found once so a
+        // merge is cut by a lookup, not by walking the rows it spans.
+        let mut run = vec![1u32; rows.len()];
+        for i in (0..rows.len().saturating_sub(1)).rev() {
+            if rows.get(i + 1).zip(rows.get(i)).is_some_and(|(next, this)| *next == this + 1) {
+                run[i] = run.get(i + 1).copied().unwrap_or(0).saturating_add(1);
+            }
+        }
         for (i, row) in cells.iter_mut().enumerate() {
             row.resize_with(cols, Default::default);
             for cell in row.iter_mut() {
                 if let Some((rs, cs)) = cell.merged {
                     // Rows of the merge that follow in this part.
-                    let start = rows.get(i).copied().unwrap_or(0);
-                    let mut n = 1u32;
-                    while n < rs && rows.get(i + n as usize).is_some_and(|r| *r == start + n as usize) {
-                        n += 1;
-                    }
+                    let n = rs.max(1).min(run.get(i).copied().unwrap_or(1));
                     cell.merged = (n > 1 || cs > 1).then_some((n, cs));
                 }
             }
@@ -186,6 +204,27 @@ fn part_table(t: &Table, rows: &[usize], origin: Vec2) -> Table {
     }
 }
 
+/// The table's outline alone, for a table too large to lay out.
+fn outline(t: &Table) -> TableGeom {
+    let rows = t.row_heights.len().min(10_000);
+    let cols = t.col_widths.len().min(10_000);
+    let (w, h) = (edges(&t.col_widths, cols).last().copied().unwrap_or(0.0), edges(&t.row_heights, rows).last().copied().unwrap_or(0.0));
+    let mut g = TableGeom::default();
+    outline_box(&mut g, t.insert.xy(), w, h);
+    g
+}
+
+/// The four sides of a `w` by `h` box hanging down from `o`.
+fn outline_box(g: &mut TableGeom, o: Vec2, w: f64, h: f64) {
+    let p = |x: f64, y: f64| o + Vec2::new(x, -y);
+    let corners = [p(0.0, 0.0), p(w, 0.0), p(w, h), p(0.0, h), p(0.0, 0.0)];
+    for s in corners.windows(2) {
+        if let [a, b] = s {
+            g.lines.push(TableLine { a: *a, b: *b, color: Color::ByBlock, lineweight: Lineweight::ByBlock });
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// Lay out one part.
 fn layout(d: &Drawing, t: &Table) -> TableGeom {
     let st = table_style_of(d, t);
@@ -203,14 +242,7 @@ fn layout(d: &Drawing, t: &Table) -> TableGeom {
     }
     let cov = coverage(t);
     if rows.saturating_mul(cols) > MAX_LAYOUT_CELLS || cov.is_err() {
-        let (w, h) = (x_at(cols), y_at(rows));
-        let corners = [p(0.0, 0.0), p(w, 0.0), p(w, h), p(0.0, h), p(0.0, 0.0)];
-        for s in corners.windows(2) {
-            if let [a, b] = s {
-                g.lines.push(TableLine { a: *a, b: *b, color: Color::ByBlock, lineweight: Lineweight::ByBlock });
-            }
-        }
-        return g;
+        return outline(t);
     }
     let k = style_scale(&st, t);
     // Cell styles by name, scaled to the table.

crates/render/src/tests.rs

@@ -1165,3 +1165,55 @@ fn without_linetypes_every_line_is_drawn_whole() {
     let drawn = build(&drawing("DASHED"), &Space::Model, &Options::default());
     assert!(drawn.prims.len() > 2 * continuous.prims.len(), "drawn with its linetype: {} primitives", drawn.prims.len());
 }
+
+/// A broken table whose parts, with their repeated labels, together hold more cells than a table may
+/// lay out is drawn as its outline, though the table's own cells are within the limit.
+#[test]
+fn broken_table_cells_count_across_its_parts() {
+    let d = Drawing::new_imperial();
+    let t = cadcraft_doc::Table {
+        col_widths: vec![1.0; 600],
+        row_heights: vec![1.0; 1000],
+        title: true,
+        header: true,
+        breaks: Some(cadcraft_doc::TableBreak { enabled: true, height: 3.0, ..Default::default() }),
+        ..Default::default()
+    };
+    assert!(t.parts().len() > 500 && 1000 * 600 <= crate::MAX_LAYOUT_CELLS);
+    let g = crate::table_geometry(&d, &t);
+    let parts = t.parts();
+    assert_eq!((g.lines.len(), g.texts.len(), g.fills.len()), (4 * parts.len(), 0, 0));
+    // Each part's box starts at its own origin.
+    let top = |i: usize| g.lines[4 * i].a;
+    assert!((0..parts.len()).all(|i| top(i) == parts[i].origin));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn rotated_and_reversed_copies_of_a_curved_loop_fill_once() {
+    let ring = |rot: usize, rev: bool| {
+        let mut v: Vec<PolyVertex> = [(0.0, 0.0, 0.5), (4.0, 0.0, -0.25), (4.0, 3.0, 0.0), (0.0, 3.0, 0.1)]
+            .map(|(x, y, bulge)| PolyVertex { bulge, ..PolyVertex::new(Vec2::new(x, y)) })
+            .to_vec();
+        if rev {
+            // The same boundary wound the other way: bulges move to the other end of their edge and flip.
+            let b: Vec<f64> = v.iter().map(|q| q.bulge).collect();
+            v.reverse();
+            let n = v.len();
+            for (j, q) in v.iter_mut().enumerate() {
+                q.bulge = -b[(n - 1 - j + n - 1) % n];
+            }
+        }
+        v.rotate_left(rot);
+        HatchLoop { vertices: v, outer: true, sources: Vec::new() }
+    };
+    let mut h = pattern_hatch("SOLID", 1.0, (0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0));
+    h.loops = vec![ring(0, false), ring(2, false), ring(1, true), ring(3, true)];
+    assert_eq!(loops_of(&h).len(), 1);
+    // A different boundary is kept.
+    h.loops.push(HatchLoop {
+        vertices: ring(0, false).vertices.into_iter().map(|q| PolyVertex { bulge: 0.0, ..q }).collect(),
+        outer: true,
+        sources: Vec::new(),
+    });
+    assert_eq!(loops_of(&h).len(), 2);
+}

crates/render/tests/it/hatch_fill.rs

@@ -211,3 +211,14 @@ fn brick_joints_are_drawn_once_half_a_brick_apart_course_to_course() {
         assert!(next.iter().all(|nx| (nx - x[0]).rem_euclid(500) == 250), "courses {course}/{}: {x:?} {next:?}", course + 1);
     }
 }
+
+/// A pattern with a huge number of tiny dashes makes a swatch of a few thousand runs, stopping
+/// there; and many scanlines over a many-edged boundary are charged to the hatch's work allowance.
+#[test]
+fn compact_patterns_stop_at_the_swatch_limits() {
+    let lines = vec![PatternLine { angle: 0.0, origin: (0.0, 0.0), delta: (0.0, 1.0), dashes: vec![1e-6, -1e-6] }];
+    let started = std::time::Instant::now();
+    let runs = cadcraft_render::pattern_swatch(&lines, 1.0);
+    assert!(!runs.is_empty() && runs.len() <= 4000, "{}", runs.len());
+    assert!(started.elapsed() < std::time::Duration::from_secs(20));
+}

crates/ui-egui/src/managers.rs

@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ fn point_style(app: &mut CadApp, ctx: &egui::Context, open: &mut bool) -> Action
 enum Field {
     Num(&'static str, &'static str, f64),
     Bool(&'static str, &'static str, bool),
-    Choice(&'static str, &'static str, String, Vec<String>),
+    Choice(&'static str, &'static str, String, std::sync::Arc<[String]>),
 }
 
 struct Style {
@@ -374,7 +374,8 @@ fn mleader_style(app: &mut CadApp, ctx: &egui::Context, open: &mut bool) -> Acti
         no_drawing(ctx, "Multileader Style", open);
         return None;
     };
-    let text_styles: Vec<String> = d.text_styles.iter().map(|s| s.name.clone()).collect();
+    // One list shared by every row: a copy per style multiplied the two counts.
+    let text_styles: std::sync::Arc<[String]> = d.text_styles.iter().map(|s| s.name.clone()).collect();
     let mut styles: Vec<Style> = d
         .mleader_styles
         .iter()
@@ -385,7 +386,7 @@ fn mleader_style(app: &mut CadApp, ctx: &egui::Context, open: &mut bool) -> Acti
                 Field::Num("textHeight", "Text height", s.text_height),
                 Field::Num("landingGap", "Landing gap", s.landing_gap),
                 Field::Num("dogleg", "Landing length", s.dogleg),
-                Field::Choice("textStyle", "Text style", s.text_style.clone(), text_styles.clone()),
+                Field::Choice("textStyle", "Text style", s.text_style.clone(), std::sync::Arc::clone(&text_styles)),
             ],
         })
         .collect();
@@ -454,7 +455,7 @@ fn style_manager(ctx: &egui::Context, open: &mut bool, title: &str, cmd: &'stati
                             ui.label(*label);
                             let mut picked = None;
                             craft_ui::ComboBox::from_id_salt((cmd, *key)).selected_text(v.as_str()).show_ui(ui, |ui| {
-                                for c in choices {
+                                for c in choices.iter() {
                                     if ui.selectable_label(c == v, c).clicked() && c != v {
                                         picked = Some(c.clone());
                                     }

crates/ui-egui/tests/flatpak_updates.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//! Release and source Flatpaks must allow release checks and host update helpers.
+fn finish_args(manifest: &str) -> Vec<&str> {
+    manifest
+        .split("finish-args:")
+        .nth(1)
+        .unwrap_or_default()
+        .lines()
+        .take_while(|line| line.is_empty() || line.starts_with(' ') || line.starts_with('#'))
+        .filter_map(|line| line.trim().strip_prefix("- "))
+        .map(|arg| arg.trim_matches(['\'', '"']))
+        .collect()
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn flatpak_update_permissions() {
+    let manifests = [
+        include_str!("../../../packaging/linux/flatpak/ai.storyteller.cadcraft.bundle.yml"),
+        include_str!("../../../packaging/linux/flatpak/ai.storyteller.cadcraft.yml"),
+    ];
+    let args = manifests.map(finish_args);
+    assert_eq!(args[0], args[1], "source and release permissions must agree");
+    for permissions in args {
+        for required in ["--share=network", "--talk-name=org.freedesktop.Flatpak"] {
+            assert!(permissions.contains(&required), "missing update permission: {required}");
+        }
+    }
+}

packaging/linux/flatpak/ai.storyteller.cadcraft.bundle.yml

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ runtime-version: '26.08'
 sdk: org.freedesktop.Sdk
 command: cadcraft
 finish-args:
+  # The shared updater inspects and updates this installation via flatpak-spawn --host.
+  - --talk-name=org.freedesktop.Flatpak
   - --filesystem=xdg-data/ArtCraft/versions:ro
   # Display: Wayland first; X11 only when no Wayland compositor is running.
   - --socket=wayland

packaging/linux/flatpak/ai.storyteller.cadcraft.yml

@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ sdk-extensions:
   - org.freedesktop.Sdk.Extension.rust-stable
 command: cadcraft
 finish-args:
+  # The shared updater inspects and updates this installation via flatpak-spawn --host.
+  - --talk-name=org.freedesktop.Flatpak
   - --filesystem=xdg-data/ArtCraft/versions:ro
   # Display: Wayland first; X11 only when no Wayland compositor is running.
   - --socket=wayland