diff --git a/crates/formats/src/markdown.rs b/crates/formats/src/markdown.rs
index 824917434..ca688eafb 100644
--- a/crates/formats/src/markdown.rs
+++ b/crates/formats/src/markdown.rs
@@ -1221,6 +1221,7 @@ fn write_blocks(blocks: &[FBlock], out: &mut Vec<String>) {
     let mut i = 0;
     let mut counters = [0u32; 9];
     let mut prev_list = false;
+    let mut prev_top_ordered = false;
     while let Some(b) = blocks.get(i) {
         match b {
             FBlock::Table(t) => {
@@ -1251,9 +1252,12 @@ fn write_blocks(blocks: &[FBlock], out: &mut Vec<String>) {
                 match p.list {
                     Some(li) => {
                         let lv = li.level.min(8) as usize;
-                        if !prev_list {
+                        if !prev_list || (lv == 0 && prev_top_ordered != li.ordered) {
                             counters = [0; 9];
                         }
+                        if lv == 0 {
+                            prev_top_ordered = li.ordered;
+                        }
                         let n = counters.get_mut(lv).map(|c| {
                             *c += 1;
                             *c
diff --git a/crates/formats/src/model.rs b/crates/formats/src/model.rs
index 5edbeb0aa..c6c0f35b3 100644
--- a/crates/formats/src/model.rs
+++ b/crates/formats/src/model.rs
@@ -383,11 +383,19 @@ impl Builder<'_> {
         while let Some(b) = blocks.get(i) {
             match b {
                 FBlock::Para(p) if p.list.is_some() => {
-                    // A run of consecutive list paragraphs is one list.
+                    // A run of consecutive list paragraphs is one list, until a top-level item of
+                    // the other kind (bulleted or numbered) starts a new one.
                     let mut j = i;
-                    let mut group = Vec::new();
+                    let mut group: Vec<ListInfo> = Vec::new();
+                    let mut top: Option<bool> = None;
                     while let Some(FBlock::Para(q)) = blocks.get(j) {
                         let Some(li) = q.list else { break };
+                        if li.level == 0 {
+                            if top.is_some_and(|o| o != li.ordered) {
+                                break;
+                            }
+                            top = Some(li.ordered);
+                        }
                         group.push(li);
                         j += 1;
                     }
diff --git a/crates/formats/src/odt.rs b/crates/formats/src/odt.rs
index 151b8c2ed..483e347e7 100644
--- a/crates/formats/src/odt.rs
+++ b/crates/formats/src/odt.rs
@@ -283,6 +283,10 @@ impl Writer {
                     while let Some(FBlock::Para(q)) = blocks.get(i) {
                         let Some(li) = q.list else { break };
                         let l = li.level.min(8) as usize;
+                        // A top-level item of the other kind starts a new list.
+                        if l == 0 && seen[0] && kinds[0] != li.ordered {
+                            break;
+                        }
                         if let (Some(s), Some(k)) = (seen.get_mut(l), kinds.get_mut(l))
                             && !*s
                         {
diff --git a/crates/formats/src/rtf.rs b/crates/formats/src/rtf.rs
index 5aeaa6e08..8713617dd 100644
--- a/crates/formats/src/rtf.rs
+++ b/crates/formats/src/rtf.rs
@@ -238,6 +238,7 @@ impl Writer {
     fn blocks(&mut self, blocks: &[FBlock], intbl: bool, last_end: &str, out: &mut String, depth: usize) {
         let mut counter = model::ListCounter::default();
         let mut cur_list: Option<usize> = None;
+        let mut top_ordered = false;
         let n = blocks.len();
         for (i, b) in blocks.iter().enumerate() {
             let end = if i + 1 == n { last_end } else { "\\par" };
@@ -245,6 +246,13 @@ impl Writer {
                 FBlock::Para(p) => {
                     let ls = match p.list {
                         Some(li) => {
+                            // A top-level item of the other kind starts a new list.
+                            if li.level == 0 && cur_list.is_some() && top_ordered != li.ordered {
+                                cur_list = None;
+                            }
+                            if li.level == 0 {
+                                top_ordered = li.ordered;
+                            }
                             let id = match cur_list {
                                 Some(id) => id,
                                 None => {
@@ -255,6 +263,9 @@ impl Writer {
                                         let FBlock::Para(q) = q else { break };
                                         let Some(ql) = q.list else { break };
                                         let l = ql.level.min(8) as usize;
+                                        if l == 0 && seen[0] && kinds[0] != ql.ordered {
+                                            break;
+                                        }
                                         if let (Some(s), Some(k)) = (seen.get_mut(l), kinds.get_mut(l))
                                             && !*s
                                         {
diff --git a/crates/formats/src/tests.rs b/crates/formats/src/tests.rs
index 3ef61c2f3..7def809b2 100644
--- a/crates/formats/src/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/formats/src/tests.rs
@@ -163,6 +163,37 @@ fn check_round_trip(ext: &str, rich: bool) {
     assert_eq!(table.rows[1].iter().map(|c| c.text()).collect::<Vec<_>>(), vec!["alpha", "42"], "{ext}");
 }
 
+/// Two bullets directly followed by two numbered items.
+fn bullets_then_numbers() -> Document {
+    let mut d = Document::new();
+    let bul = d.numbering.add_list(wordcraft_doc::ListKind::Bullet);
+    let num = d.numbering.add_list(wordcraft_doc::ListKind::Numbered);
+    let mut blocks = Vec::new();
+    for (t, nm) in [("dot one", bul), ("dot two", bul), ("num one", num), ("num two", num)] {
+        let mut q = Paragraph::with_text(t, CharProps::default()).styled("ListParagraph");
+        q.props.numbering = Some(wordcraft_doc::props::NumRef { num: nm, level: 0 });
+        blocks.push(para_block(q));
+    }
+    d.body = blocks;
+    d
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn numbered_list_after_bullets_keeps_its_kind() {
+    let d = bullets_then_numbers();
+    for ext in ["odt", "rtf"] {
+        let bytes = export(ext, &d).expect("handled").expect("export");
+        let back = import(ext, &bytes).expect("handled").expect("import");
+        let b = flat(&back);
+        let kind = |t: &str| find_para(&b, t).and_then(|p| p.list).map(|l| l.ordered);
+        assert_eq!(kind("dot two"), Some(false), "{ext}");
+        assert_eq!(kind("num one"), Some(true), "{ext}");
+        assert_eq!(kind("num two"), Some(true), "{ext}");
+    }
+    let md = String::from_utf8(export("md", &d).expect("handled").expect("export")).unwrap();
+    assert!(md.contains("1. num one") && md.contains("2. num two"), "{md}");
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn markdown_round_trip() {
     check_round_trip("md", true);