diff --git a/ROADMAP.md b/ROADMAP.md
index bd5781965..a6117ec96 100644
--- a/ROADMAP.md
+++ b/ROADMAP.md
@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ grade by behaviour against `plan/illustrator/`, not by whether a menu item exist
 - **UI:** Illustrator 2026 layout restyled to measured values:
   - Medium Dark theme, categorized and Advanced toolbars, 35 pt document tabs, 33 pt panel tabs.
   - Hint bar, contextual task bar, 19 dock panels with ≡ menus.
+  - Localised UI: menus (in-window and native), panels, dialogs, toolbar and Preferences read from per-language catalogs (`crates/ui-egui/src/i18n`, see `docs/development.md`); Traditional Chinese (Taiwan) ships complete, Czech covers every menu label and Japanese the main menus, with system-locale detection on macOS, Windows and Linux, a VectorCraft ▸ Language menu and a Language preference.
   - Native macOS menu bar, vector tool cursors, a ⌘K command palette, middle-button panning with any tool.
   - A canvas context menu: right-click selects the object under the pointer and lists what applies to the selection (Undo/Redo, clipboard, group, isolation, join, masks, compound paths, guides, Transform, Arrange, Select, Export Selection), or the view commands on empty canvas.
   - Save / Don't Save / Cancel before closing or quitting with unsaved documents (tabs, Close, Close All, Quit, window close).
@@ -114,7 +115,7 @@ grade by behaviour against `plan/illustrator/`, not by whether a menu item exist
   - Pathfinder (10 exact curve booleans), Offset, Outline Stroke, Simplify, Clean Up, Split Into Grid, Divide Objects Below.
   - Live effects with previewing dialogs: Distort & Transform, Path, Convert to Shape, 15 Warp styles, Round Corners, Scribble, Effect → Pathfinder (all 10 operations, live on groups), Color Adjustments (Brightness/Contrast, Curves, Levels, Hue/Saturation, Shift to Color, Temperature/Tint, on vectors, live type and embedded images), and raster drop shadow, glows and feather. SVG and PDF export keep live effects (geometry baked; SVG raster effects as filters).
 - **Type:** Text Wrap, Type on a Path effects (Rainbow/Skew/3D Ribbon/Stair Step/Gravity), Character and Paragraph Styles (override-preserving redefine), Area Type Options (rows/columns/inset/first baseline), threaded text across any closed shapes, Fit Headline.
-- **Japanese and Czech interface, vertical type:** VectorCraft ▸ Language switches the menus between English, Japanese and Czech (untranslated labels stay English; Czech covers every menu label, tested) and persists; Japanese glyphs come from the craft-fonts build input (release builds) or the installed fonts, Czech ones from the bundled UI fonts. Vertical Type, Vertical Area Type and Vertical Type on a Path create vertical text (columns right to left, upright CJK glyphs and marks with `vert` alternates, Latin and longer numbers on their side, two- and three-digit numbers set as tate-chu-yoko, upright glyphs centred on the column, point type's anchor on the first column's centre line); kinsoku (the strict set) applies to horizontal and vertical Japanese; Type ▸ Type Orientation switches existing text; caret, selection, hit testing and arrow keys follow the writing direction. Vertical text exports to PDF as real text and to SVG as outlines.
+- **Interface languages, vertical type:** VectorCraft ▸ Language (or Preferences ▸ User Interface) picks Automatic (the system locale) or a registered language, persisted as `interfaceLanguage`. Translations come from per-language catalogs (`i18n/*.tsv`): Traditional Chinese covers the whole interface, Czech every menu label (tested) and Japanese the main menus; untranslated text stays English. Japanese and Chinese glyphs come from the craft-fonts build input (release builds) or the installed fonts, Czech ones from the bundled UI fonts. Vertical Type, Vertical Area Type and Vertical Type on a Path create vertical text (columns right to left, upright CJK glyphs and marks with `vert` alternates, Latin and longer numbers on their side, two- and three-digit numbers set as tate-chu-yoko, upright glyphs centred on the column, point type's anchor on the first column's centre line); kinsoku (the strict set) applies to horizontal and vertical Japanese; Type ▸ Type Orientation switches existing text; caret, selection, hit testing and arrow keys follow the writing direction. Vertical text exports to PDF as real text and to SVG as outlines.
 - **Transparency:** opacity masks (clip/invert/disable/link), exported as SVG `<mask>` and PDF soft masks.
 - **Advanced art:** live Blends (steps/distance/smooth colour, editable spine, anchor-targeted Blend tool, faithful interpolation, knockout), Envelope Distort (warp/mesh/top object, Reset, full Envelope Options, mesh handles, Edit Contents; type, images, symbols, gradients, patterns and appearance distorted everywhere), Liquify tools with options and pen pressure, Puppet Warp with rotating pins, Perspective Grid with presets, movable planes and projected type, Gradient Mesh, Shape Builder, Live Paint (every path an edge, open lines included), Image Trace (12 presets), pattern swatches with pattern editing mode, live Repeat (radial/grid/mirror).
 - **Paint and appearance (M3):**
diff --git a/apps/vectorcraft/src/native_menu.rs b/apps/vectorcraft/src/native_menu.rs
index d85d5f0d6..a00c56070 100644
--- a/apps/vectorcraft/src/native_menu.rs
+++ b/apps/vectorcraft/src/native_menu.rs
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ use muda::accelerator::Accelerator;
 use muda::{CheckMenuItem, Menu, MenuEvent, MenuItem, PredefinedMenuItem, Submenu};
 use serde_json::Value;
 use vectorcraft_ui_egui::VectorcraftApp;
+use vectorcraft_ui_egui::i18n::{self, Lang, t};
 use vectorcraft_ui_egui::menus::{self, Item};
 
 enum Handle {
@@ -18,7 +19,6 @@ enum Handle {
 }
 
 pub struct NativeMenu {
-    language: vectorcraft_ui_egui::i18n::Language,
     _menu: Menu,
     items: HashMap<String, (String, Value, Handle, String)>,
     last_refresh: f64,
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ pub struct NativeMenu {
     slots: usize,
     /// Plug-in registry revision the Plug-ins submenus were built for.
     plugins: u64,
+    /// The language the labels were built in (a change rebuilds the menu).
+    language: Lang,
 }
 
 /// Accelerator for a shortcut like "Cmd+Shift+]" (modifier-less shortcuts stay in the app so they
@@ -48,7 +50,7 @@ impl NativeMenu {
         let mut items = HashMap::new();
         let mut counter = 0usize;
         for (title, entries) in menus::menu_tree() {
-            let sub = Submenu::new(app.ui.language.tr(title), true);
+            let sub = Submenu::new(t(title), true);
             build(app, &sub, &entries, &mut items, &mut counter);
             let _ = menu.append(&sub);
         }
@@ -66,7 +68,7 @@ impl NativeMenu {
             generation,
             slots: menus::listed_slots(app),
             plugins: menus::plugin_revision(),
-            language: app.ui.language,
+            language: i18n::current(),
         }
     }
 
@@ -83,12 +85,12 @@ impl NativeMenu {
             return;
         }
         self.last_refresh = now;
-        // Shortcuts edited, workspaces added, saved views, recent files or plug-ins changed: rebuild so
-        // accelerators and lists are current.
+        // Shortcuts edited, workspaces added, saved views, recent files, plug-ins or the UI language
+        // changed: rebuild so accelerators, lists and labels are current.
         if vectorcraft_ui_egui::shortcut_editor::GENERATION.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed) != self.generation
             || menus::listed_slots(app) != self.slots
             || menus::plugin_revision() != self.plugins
-            || app.ui.language != self.language
+            || i18n::current() != self.language
         {
             *self = NativeMenu::install(app);
             return;
@@ -121,7 +123,7 @@ impl NativeMenu {
                             "view.cornerWidget" | "view.textThreads" | "view.gradientAnnotator" | "effect.last" | "type.hiddenCharacters"
                         )
                     {
-                        i.set_text(app.ui.language.tr(&menus::dynamic_label(app, cmd, "")));
+                        i.set_text(menus::display_label(app, cmd, ""));
                     }
                 }
                 Handle::Check(c) => {
@@ -146,13 +148,13 @@ fn build(
                 let _ = parent.append(&PredefinedMenuItem::separator());
             }
             Item::Header(h) => {
-                let _ = parent.append(&MenuItem::new(app.ui.language.tr(h), false, None));
+                let _ = parent.append(&MenuItem::new(t(h), false, None));
             }
             Item::Todo(label, sc) => {
-                let _ = parent.append(&MenuItem::new(app.ui.language.tr(label), false, accel(sc)));
+                let _ = parent.append(&MenuItem::new(t(label), false, accel(sc)));
             }
             Item::Sub(label, children) => {
-                let sub = Submenu::new(app.ui.language.tr(label), true);
+                let sub = Submenu::new(t(label), true);
                 build(app, &sub, children, items, counter);
                 let _ = parent.append(&sub);
             }
@@ -163,11 +165,11 @@ fn build(
                 let id = format!("dc{counter}");
                 let sc = if params.is_null() { menus::shortcut_of(cmd).and_then(accel) } else { None };
                 let handle = if menus::checked(app, cmd, params).is_some() {
-                    let c = CheckMenuItem::with_id(id.clone(), app.ui.language.tr(label), true, false, sc);
+                    let c = CheckMenuItem::with_id(id.clone(), menus::display_label(app, cmd, label), true, false, sc);
                     let _ = parent.append(&c);
                     Handle::Check(c)
                 } else {
-                    let i = MenuItem::with_id(id.clone(), app.ui.language.tr(label), true, sc);
+                    let i = MenuItem::with_id(id.clone(), menus::display_label(app, cmd, label), true, sc);
                     let _ = parent.append(&i);
                     Handle::Plain(i)
                 };
diff --git a/crates/engine/src/cmd/prefscmds.rs b/crates/engine/src/cmd/prefscmds.rs
index 80cde8688..cba10e7d8 100644
--- a/crates/engine/src/cmd/prefscmds.rs
+++ b/crates/engine/src/cmd/prefscmds.rs
@@ -260,6 +260,8 @@ pub const PREF_SPECS: &[PrefSpec] = &[
     p!("largeTabs", "User Interface", "", "Large Tabs", bool),
     p!("uiScaling", "User Interface", "UI Scaling", "Scale", num(0.75, 2.0, "×")),
     p!("scaleCursorWithUi", "User Interface", "UI Scaling", "Scale Cursor Proportional to UI", bool),
+    // `auto` or a language code the shell registers (`zh-hant`); the shell shows it as a dropdown.
+    p!("interfaceLanguage", "User Interface", "Language", "Language", text),
     // Performance
     p!("gpuPerformance", "Performance", "GPU Performance", "GPU Performance", bool),
     p!("animatedZoom", "Performance", "GPU Performance", "Animated Zoom", bool),
@@ -390,6 +392,11 @@ pub fn validate(key: &str, v: &Value) -> std::result::Result<Value, String> {
                 Err(format!("`{key}` must be a #rrggbb colour"))
             }
         }
+        PrefKind::Text if key == "interfaceLanguage" => {
+            let s = v.as_str().map(str::trim).unwrap_or("");
+            let ok = !s.is_empty() && s.len() <= 16 && s.chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || c == '-');
+            if ok { Ok(json!(s.to_ascii_lowercase())) } else { Err(format!("`{key}` must be `auto` or a language code such as `en` or `zh-hant`")) }
+        }
         PrefKind::Text => match v {
             Value::String(s) => Ok(json!(s)),
             _ => Err(format!("`{key}` must be a string")),
diff --git a/crates/engine/src/lib.rs b/crates/engine/src/lib.rs
index 8095cbf23..61ffdb24f 100644
--- a/crates/engine/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/engine/src/lib.rs
@@ -391,6 +391,9 @@ pub struct Prefs {
     pub large_tabs: bool,
     pub ui_scaling: f64,
     pub scale_cursor_with_ui: bool,
+    /// UI language: `auto` (follow the system locale) or a language code such as `en`, `zh-hant`.
+    /// The list of languages belongs to the shell (`ui-egui` i18n); an unknown code reads as `auto`.
+    pub interface_language: String,
     // Performance
     pub gpu_performance: bool,
     pub animated_zoom: bool,
@@ -592,6 +595,7 @@ impl Default for Prefs {
             large_tabs: false,
             ui_scaling: 1.0,
             scale_cursor_with_ui: false,
+            interface_language: s("auto"),
             gpu_performance: true,
             animated_zoom: true,
             history_states: 500,
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas.rs
index 24155934a..45574f525 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas.rs
@@ -1236,7 +1236,7 @@ fn draw_overlays(p: &egui::Painter, xf: &Xf, overlays: &[Overlay], t: &Tokens) {
             }
             Overlay::Label { p: pt, text, color } => {
                 let sp = xf.to_screen(*pt) + vec2(8.0, -14.0);
-                p.text(sp, egui::Align2::LEFT_TOP, text, egui::FontId::proportional(11.0), c32(*color));
+                p.text(sp, egui::Align2::LEFT_TOP, tl!(text), egui::FontId::proportional(11.0), c32(*color));
             }
             Overlay::Highlight { quad, color } => {
                 let c = Color32::from_rgba_unmultiplied(color[0], color[1], color[2], color[3]);
@@ -1275,21 +1275,21 @@ fn home(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, rect: egui::Rect) {
     let inner = rect.shrink2(vec2((rect.width() - 820.0).max(40.0) / 2.0, 60.0));
     let mut child = ui.new_child(egui::UiBuilder::new().max_rect(inner).layout(egui::Layout::top_down(egui::Align::Min)));
     let ui = &mut child;
-    ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Welcome to VectorCraft").font(theme::semibold(26.0)).color(t.text));
+    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Welcome to VectorCraft")).font(theme::semibold(26.0)).color(t.text));
     ui.add_space(4.0);
-    ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Vector illustration — fast, open, scriptable.").size(14.0).color(t.text_dim));
+    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Vector illustration — fast, open, scriptable.")).size(14.0).color(t.text_dim));
     ui.add_space(22.0);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        if widgets::primary_button(ui, "New file").clicked() {
+        if widgets::primary_button(ui, tl!("New file")).clicked() {
             app.run("file.newDialog", json!({})).ok();
         }
         ui.add_space(8.0);
-        if widgets::secondary_button(ui, "Open").clicked() {
+        if widgets::secondary_button(ui, tl!("Open")).clicked() {
             app.run("file.open", json!({})).ok();
         }
     });
     ui.add_space(28.0);
-    ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Quickly start a new file").font(theme::semibold(14.0)).color(t.text));
+    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Quickly start a new file")).font(theme::semibold(14.0)).color(t.text));
     ui.add_space(10.0);
     // A few of New Document's presets (`file.newPresets`), as its cards.
     let presets = ["Letter", "A4", "Web 1920×1080", "Phone 390×844", "Postcard", "Social Square Post 1080×1080"];
@@ -1303,7 +1303,7 @@ fn home(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, rect: egui::Rect) {
         }
     });
     ui.add_space(28.0);
-    ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Community").font(theme::semibold(14.0)).color(t.text));
+    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Community")).font(theme::semibold(14.0)).color(t.text));
     ui.add_space(10.0);
     crate::community::links(app, ui);
 }
@@ -1334,18 +1334,18 @@ fn task_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, xf: &Xf) {
     let is_text = first.as_ref().is_some_and(|f| matches!(f.kind, NodeKind::Text(_)));
     let mut items: Vec<(&str, &str, &str)> = vec![]; // (label, icon, command)
     if n > 1 {
-        items.push(("Group", "group", "object.group"));
-        items.push(("Unite", "squares-unite", "object.pathfinder.unite"));
+        items.push((tl!("Group"), "group", "object.group"));
+        items.push((tl!("Unite"), "squares-unite", "object.pathfinder.unite"));
     } else if is_group {
-        items.push(("Ungroup", "ungroup", "object.ungroup"));
-        items.push(("Isolate", "square-dashed", "object.isolate"));
+        items.push((tl!("Ungroup"), "ungroup", "object.ungroup"));
+        items.push((tl!("Isolate"), "square-dashed", "object.isolate"));
     } else if is_text {
-        items.push(("Create Outlines", "type", "type.createOutlines"));
+        items.push((tl!("Create Outlines"), "type", "type.createOutlines"));
     } else {
-        items.push(("Offset Path", "square-dashed", "object.path.offsetPath"));
-        items.push(("Simplify", "spline", "object.path.simplify"));
+        items.push((tl!("Offset Path"), "square-dashed", "object.path.offsetPath"));
+        items.push((tl!("Simplify"), "spline", "object.path.simplify"));
     }
-    items.push(("Duplicate", "copy", "edit.duplicate"));
+    items.push((tl!("Duplicate"), "copy", "edit.duplicate"));
     let fill = first.as_ref().map(|f| f.appearance.fill_paint()).unwrap_or_default();
     let anchor = xf.to_screen(Point::new(b.center().x, b.y1));
     let est_w = 118.0 + items.iter().map(|(l, _, _)| l.len() as f32 * 7.2 + 44.0).sum::<f32>();
@@ -1385,14 +1385,14 @@ fn task_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, xf: &Xf) {
                         Stroke::new(1.0, t.button_border),
                         StrokeKind::Outside,
                     );
-                    if resp.on_hover_text("Fill").clicked() {
+                    if resp.on_hover_text(tl!("Fill")).clicked() {
                         app.session.fill_active = true;
                         app.ui.open_panel = Some("swatches".into());
                     }
-                    if widgets::icon_button(ui, "lock", "Lock (⌘2)", false, 30.0).clicked() {
+                    if widgets::icon_button(ui, "lock", tl!("Lock (⌘2)"), false, 30.0).clicked() {
                         run = Some("object.lock".into());
                     }
-                    if widgets::icon_button(ui, "ellipsis", "Hide Contextual Task Bar", false, 30.0).clicked() {
+                    if widgets::icon_button(ui, "ellipsis", tl!("Hide Contextual Task Bar"), false, 30.0).clicked() {
                         run = Some("window.taskBar".into());
                     }
                 });
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/chrome.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/chrome.rs
index 680ce95a7..cb93e998d 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/chrome.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/chrome.rs
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ pub fn app_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             crate::brand::paint_mark(ui, r);
             ui.add_space(4.0);
             let on_home = app.ui.home.is_some() || app.session.active().is_none();
-            if widgets::icon_button(ui, "house", "Home", on_home, 24.0).clicked() {
+            if widgets::icon_button(ui, "house", tl!("Home"), on_home, 24.0).clicked() {
                 app.run("app.home", json!({})).ok();
             }
             ui.add_space(2.0);
@@ -48,7 +48,10 @@ pub fn app_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             let right_edge = if custom { full.right() - titlebar::WIDTH - 10.0 } else { full.right() };
             let right = egui::Rect::from_min_max(egui::pos2(menus_end + 8.0, full.top()), egui::pos2(right_edge, full.bottom()));
             let room = right.width();
-            let ws = ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(app.ui.workspace.clone(), egui::FontId::proportional(12.0), t.text);
+            // Built-in workspace names translate; the user's own stay as typed.
+            let ws_name =
+                if crate::workspaces::is_builtin(&app.ui.workspace) { tl!(&app.ui.workspace).to_string() } else { app.ui.workspace.clone() };
+            let ws = ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(ws_name, egui::FontId::proportional(12.0), t.text);
             let ws_w = (ws.size().x + 36.0).clamp(112.0, 190.0);
             let gap = ui.spacing().item_spacing.x;
             let with_search = ws_w + 8.0 + gap + 200.0;
@@ -62,7 +65,7 @@ pub fn app_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             ui.painter().rect_filled(wr, CornerRadius::same(4), if wresp.hovered() { t.hover } else { t.panel });
             ui.painter().with_clip_rect(wr.shrink2(vec2(4.0, 0.0))).galley(wr.left_center() + vec2(10.0, -ws.size().y / 2.0), ws, t.text);
             icons::paint(ui, "chevron-down", egui::Rect::from_center_size(wr.right_center() - vec2(12.0, 0.0), vec2(12.0, 12.0)), t.text_dim);
-            let wresp = wresp.on_hover_text("Switch workspace");
+            let wresp = wresp.on_hover_text(tl!("Switch workspace"));
             egui::Popup::menu(&wresp).show(|ui| crate::workspaces::popup(app, ui));
             ui.add_space(8.0);
             // Search box → command palette.
@@ -79,13 +82,13 @@ pub fn app_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                 ui.painter().text(
                     r.left_center() + vec2(26.0, 0.0),
                     egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
-                    "Search commands and tools",
+                    tl!("Search commands and tools"),
                     egui::FontId::proportional(11.5),
                     t.text_dim,
                 );
                 resp.clicked()
             } else {
-                widgets::icon_button(ui, "search", "Search commands and tools", false, 24.0).clicked()
+                widgets::icon_button(ui, "search", tl!("Search commands and tools"), false, 24.0).clicked()
             };
             if open_palette {
                 app.ui.palette_open = true;
@@ -116,7 +119,7 @@ pub fn control_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                     ui.painter().circle_filled(g.center_top() + vec2(0.0, 2.0 + i as f32 * 4.0), 0.9, t.text_disabled);
                 }
                 let Some(st) = app.session.active() else {
-                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new("No Document").color(t.text_dim));
+                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("No Document")).color(t.text_dim));
                     return;
                 };
                 let sel = st.selection.objects.clone();
@@ -124,15 +127,15 @@ pub fn control_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                 let first = sel.first().and_then(|id| st.doc.node(*id)).cloned();
                 let anchor_mode = !st.selection.anchors.is_empty();
                 let label = match &first {
-                    Some(_) if sel.len() == 1 && anchor_mode => "Anchor Point",
+                    Some(_) if sel.len() == 1 && anchor_mode => tl!("Anchor Point"),
                     Some(vectorcraft_doc::Node { kind: NodeKind::Image(im), .. }) if sel.len() == 1 => {
                         if im.link.is_some() {
-                            "Linked File"
+                            tl!("Linked File")
                         } else {
-                            "Embedded"
+                            tl!("Embedded")
                         }
                     }
-                    _ => crate::panels::appearance::object_label(app),
+                    _ => tl!(crate::panels::appearance::object_label(app)),
                 };
                 ui.label(egui::RichText::new(label).font(theme::semibold(12.0)).color(t.text));
                 ui.add_space(6.0);
@@ -147,7 +150,7 @@ pub fn control_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                 crate::panels::paint_chip(app, ui, true, 22.0, true);
                 // The link opens the Stroke panel as a popover under it; then the weight spinner
                 // (with presets) and the width profile.
-                let link = ui.link(egui::RichText::new("Stroke:").size(12.0).color(t.text).underline()).on_hover_text("Stroke options");
+                let link = ui.link(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Stroke:")).size(12.0).color(t.text).underline()).on_hover_text(tl!("Stroke options"));
                 stroke_panel::popover(app, &link);
                 stroke_panel::weight_field(app, ui, "cb-stroke", weight, 100.0);
                 if let Some(id) = stroke_panel::profile_dropdown(app, ui, shown_stroke.as_ref().and_then(|s| s.profile.as_ref())) {
@@ -155,7 +158,7 @@ pub fn control_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                 }
                 ui.add_space(4.0);
                 ui.separator();
-                if ui.link(egui::RichText::new("Opacity:").size(12.0).color(t.text).underline()).clicked() {
+                if ui.link(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Opacity:")).size(12.0).color(t.text).underline()).clicked() {
                     app.ui.open_panel = Some("transparency".into());
                 }
                 if let Some(o) = widgets::plain_field(ui, "cb-opacity", opacity as f64 * 100.0, "%", 0, 56.0)
@@ -166,19 +169,19 @@ pub fn control_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                 if !sel.is_empty() {
                     // Style picker: the selection's graphic style; its menu applies another.
                     ui.add_space(4.0);
-                    if ui.link(egui::RichText::new("Style:").size(12.0).color(t.text).underline()).clicked() {
+                    if ui.link(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Style:")).size(12.0).color(t.text).underline()).clicked() {
                         app.ui.open_panel = Some("graphicStyles".into());
                     }
                     let resp = widgets::chip_button(ui, 22.0, true, |ui, r| crate::panels::graphic_styles::paint_linked(app, ui, r))
-                        .on_hover_text("Graphic Style");
+                        .on_hover_text(tl!("Graphic Style"));
                     egui::Popup::menu(&resp).show(|ui| crate::panels::graphic_styles::picker(app, ui));
                 }
                 ui.separator();
                 if sel.is_empty() {
-                    if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Document Setup", 112.0).clicked() {
+                    if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Document Setup"), 112.0).clicked() {
                         app.run("file.documentSetup", json!({})).ok();
                     }
-                    if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Preferences", 90.0).clicked() {
+                    if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Preferences"), 90.0).clicked() {
                         app.run("edit.preferences", json!({})).ok();
                     }
                     return;
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pub fn control_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                     ("align-center-horizontal", "Vertical Align Center", json!({"vertical": "center"})),
                     ("align-end-horizontal", "Vertical Align Bottom", json!({"vertical": "bottom"})),
                 ] {
-                    if widgets::icon_button(ui, icon, tip, false, 24.0).clicked() {
+                    if widgets::icon_button(ui, icon, tl!(tip), false, 24.0).clicked() {
                         let mut p = p;
                         if sel.len() == 1 {
                             p["to"] = json!("artboard");
@@ -211,7 +214,7 @@ pub fn control_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                         if k == "height" {
                             crate::panels::transform::constrain_link(app, ui);
                         }
-                        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(lbl).size(12.0).color(t.text_dim));
+                        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(lbl)).size(12.0).color(t.text_dim));
                         if let Some(nv) = widgets::num_field(ui, ("cb", k), Some(v), units, 80.0) {
                             app.run("object.setBounds", json!({k: nv, "reference": 4, "proportional": link})).ok();
                         }
@@ -225,10 +228,10 @@ pub fn control_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 /// "Name* @ 66.67 % (<Opacity Mask>/Opacity Mask)".
 fn tab_title(d: &vectorcraft_engine::DocState, zoom: f64, outline: bool) -> String {
     let mode = if d.doc.mask_edit.is_some() {
-        "<Opacity Mask>/Opacity Mask".to_string()
+        format!("<{0}>/{0}", tl!("Opacity Mask"))
     } else {
         let color = if d.doc.color_mode == vectorcraft_doc::ColorMode::Cmyk { "CMYK" } else { "RGB" };
-        format!("{color}/{}", if outline { "Outline" } else { "Preview" })
+        format!("{color}/{}", if outline { tl!("Outline") } else { tl!("Preview") })
     };
     format!("{}{} @ {} ({mode})", d.title(), if d.is_dirty() { "*" } else { "" }, zoom_label(zoom).replace('%', " %"))
 }
@@ -305,6 +308,7 @@ pub fn doc_tabs(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         if pattern_edit.is_some() {
             let mut x = bar.right() - 6.0;
             for (label, cmd) in [("Cancel", "object.pattern.cancel"), ("Done", "object.pattern.done"), ("Save a Copy", "object.pattern.saveCopy")] {
+                let label = tl!(label);
                 let w = 12.0 + 7.0 * label.len() as f32;
                 let r = egui::Rect::from_min_max(egui::pos2(x - w, bar.top() + 3.0), egui::pos2(x, bar.bottom() - 3.0));
                 let resp = ui.interact(r, ui.id().with(("pat-bar", cmd)), Sense::click());
@@ -346,10 +350,10 @@ pub fn status_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                             }
                         }
                         ui.separator();
-                        if ui.selectable_label(false, "Fit on Screen").clicked() {
+                        if ui.selectable_label(false, tl!("Fit on Screen")).clicked() {
                             app.run("view.fitArtboard", json!({})).ok();
                         }
-                        if ui.selectable_label(false, "Fit All").clicked() {
+                        if ui.selectable_label(false, tl!("Fit All")).clicked() {
                             app.run("view.fitAll", json!({})).ok();
                         }
                     },
@@ -377,7 +381,13 @@ pub fn status_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                     widgets::icon_button(ui, icon, "", false, 18.0);
                 }
                 ui.separator();
-                let tool = vectorcraft_tools::tool_info(app.session.tool_id()).map(|t| t.label.trim_end_matches(" Tool")).unwrap_or("");
+                let tool = vectorcraft_tools::tool_info(app.session.tool_id())
+                    .map(|t| {
+                        // The catalog keys carry the full label ("Selection Tool"); only English drops the suffix.
+                        let shown = tl!(t.label);
+                        if crate::i18n::current() == crate::i18n::Lang::EN { shown.trim_end_matches(" Tool") } else { shown }
+                    })
+                    .unwrap_or("");
                 ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tool).size(11.5).color(t.text_dim));
                 ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
                     ui.label(
@@ -563,19 +573,51 @@ fn hint_for(tool: &str) -> Option<&'static [(&'static str, bool)]> {
 
 /// The hint bar's segments for `tool`, with keys named as the menus name them (Alt and Ctrl on
 /// Windows and Linux, ⌥ and ⌘ on macOS). Tools without a hint point to Search Commands.
+/// Every hint-bar fragment (the action after the last `+` of a chord included), so the catalog tests
+/// can insist a complete language covers them.
+pub fn hint_strings() -> Vec<&'static str> {
+    let mut v = Vec::new();
+    for tool in vectorcraft_tools::catalog::all_tools() {
+        for &(text, bold) in hint_for(tool.id).unwrap_or(&[]) {
+            let text = if bold { text.rsplit_once('+').map_or(text, |(_, k)| k) } else { text };
+            if !text.is_empty() && !text.chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_digit()) && !v.contains(&text) {
+                v.push(text);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    v
+}
+
 fn hint_segments(tool: &str) -> Vec<(Cow<'static, str>, bool)> {
     let search;
     let segments = match hint_for(tool) {
         Some(s) => s,
         None => {
             search = match menus::shortcut_of("help.commandPalette") {
-                Some(sc) => [("Press ", false), (sc, true), (" to search every command", false)],
-                None => [("Use ", false), ("Help › Search Commands…", true), (" to search every command", false)],
+                Some(sc) => [(tl!("Press "), false), (sc, true), (tl!(" to search every command"), false)],
+                None => [(tl!("Use "), false), (tl!("Help › Search Commands…"), true), (tl!(" to search every command"), false)],
             };
             &search
         }
     };
-    segments.iter().map(|&(text, bold)| (if bold { Cow::Owned(menus::pretty_shortcut(text)) } else { Cow::Borrowed(text) }, bold)).collect()
+    segments
+        .iter()
+        .map(|&(text, bold)| {
+            // Key names ("Click", "Esc") translate; in a chord ("Alt+Drag") the modifiers are named for
+            // the platform and only the action after the last `+` translates.
+            if !bold {
+                return (Cow::Borrowed(tl!(text)), bold);
+            }
+            match text.rsplit_once('+') {
+                Some((_, key)) if !key.is_empty() => {
+                    let pretty = menus::pretty_shortcut(text);
+                    let shown = pretty.strip_suffix(key).map_or(pretty.clone(), |m| format!("{m}{}", tl!(key)));
+                    (Cow::Owned(shown), bold)
+                }
+                _ => (Cow::Owned(menus::pretty_shortcut(tl!(text))), bold),
+            }
+        })
+        .collect()
 }
 
 pub fn hint_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/community.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/community.rs
index 16ac8ea5a..ef63f4739 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/community.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/community.rs
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ const DISCORD: Color32 = Color32::from_rgb(0x58, 0x65, 0xF2);
 
 /// The Discord button's label, height and width.
 fn discord_layout(ui: &Ui, large: bool) -> (std::sync::Arc<egui::Galley>, f32, f32) {
-    let (h, font, label) = if large { (36.0, theme::semibold(14.0), "Join our Discord") } else { (24.0, theme::semibold(12.0), "Discord") };
+    let (h, font, label) = if large { (36.0, theme::semibold(14.0), tl!("Join our Discord")) } else { (24.0, theme::semibold(12.0), "Discord") };
     let galley = ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(label.to_string(), font, Color32::WHITE);
     let w = galley.size().x + h * 0.55 + h * 0.9;
     (galley, h, w)
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ pub fn discord_button(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, large: bool) -> egu
     let ir = egui::Rect::from_center_size(r.left_center() + vec2(h * 0.35 + icon / 2.0, 0.0), vec2(icon, icon));
     icons::paint(ui, "message-circle", ir, Color32::WHITE);
     ui.painter().galley(egui::pos2(ir.right() + h * 0.2, r.center().y - galley.size().y / 2.0), galley, Color32::WHITE);
-    let resp = resp.on_hover_text("Join the ArtCraft community on Discord (discord.gg/artcraft)");
+    let resp = resp.on_hover_text(tl!("Join the ArtCraft community on Discord (discord.gg/artcraft)"));
     if resp.clicked() {
         app.open_link("help.discord");
     }
@@ -58,9 +58,9 @@ pub fn links(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     ui.add_space(8.0);
     let l = app.session.execute("help.links", &serde_json::json!({})).unwrap_or_default();
     let s = |k: &str| l[k].as_str().unwrap_or("").to_string();
-    link(app, ui, "globe", "ArtCraft website", "help.website", &s("website"));
-    link(app, ui, "external-link", "VectorCraft on getartcraft.com", "help.appPage", &s("appPage"));
-    link(app, ui, "git-branch", "Source code on GitHub", "help.github", &s("github"));
+    link(app, ui, "globe", tl!("ArtCraft website"), "help.website", &s("website"));
+    link(app, ui, "external-link", tl!("VectorCraft on getartcraft.com"), "help.appPage", &s("appPage"));
+    link(app, ui, "git-branch", tl!("Source code on GitHub"), "help.github", &s("github"));
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/about.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/about.rs
index eada4f22e..c28d08d3e 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/about.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/about.rs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ pub(super) fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
         return;
     }
     let mut open = true;
-    egui::Window::new("About VectorCraft")
+    egui::Window::new(tl!("About VectorCraft"))
         .collapsible(false)
         .resizable(false)
         .open(&mut open)
@@ -22,16 +22,19 @@ pub(super) fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                 crate::brand::paint_mark(ui, r);
                 ui.vertical(|ui| {
                     ui.label(egui::RichText::new("VectorCraft").font(theme::semibold(22.0)));
-                    ui.label(format!("Version {} — open-source vector illustration in pure Rust.", env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION")));
+                    ui.label(crate::i18n::fmt(
+                        tl!("Version {version} — open-source vector illustration in pure Rust."),
+                        &[("version", env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION"))],
+                    ));
                 });
             });
             ui.add_space(12.0);
             crate::community::links(app, ui);
             ui.add_space(12.0);
             ui.label(
-                egui::RichText::new(
-                    "Part of ArtCraft. MIT OR Apache-2.0. Fonts: Source Sans 3, Inter, JetBrains Mono (OFL). Icons: Lucide (ISC) + VectorCraft.",
-                )
+                egui::RichText::new(tl!(
+                    "Part of ArtCraft. MIT OR Apache-2.0. Fonts: Source Sans 3, Inter, JetBrains Mono (OFL). Icons: Lucide (ISC) + VectorCraft."
+                ))
                 .size(11.0),
             );
         });
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/all_tools.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/all_tools.rs
index a9f6dd767..a40c777b4 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/all_tools.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/all_tools.rs
@@ -4,14 +4,16 @@ use super::DialogSpec;
 use crate::VectorcraftApp;
 use crate::state::Dialog;
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| "All Tools".into(), body, ok: None, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("All Tools").into(), body, ok: None, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, _: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let mut picked = false;
     for g in vectorcraft_tools::TOOL_GROUPS {
         ui.horizontal_wrapped(|ui| {
             for tool in g.iter() {
-                if ui.button(tool.label.trim_end_matches(" Tool")).clicked() {
+                let shown = tl!(tool.label);
+                let shown = if crate::i18n::current() == crate::i18n::Lang::EN { shown.trim_end_matches(" Tool") } else { shown };
+                if ui.button(shown).clicked() {
                     app.select_tool(tool.id);
                     picked = true;
                 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/artboard_options.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/artboard_options.rs
index b47c92b79..ec2d05072 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/artboard_options.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/artboard_options.rs
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use super::{DialogSpec, run_and_close};
 use crate::VectorcraftApp;
 use crate::state::Dialog;
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Artboard Options".into(), confirm, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Artboard Options").into(), confirm, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 fn confirm(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, d: &Dialog) -> Result<Value, String> {
     let mut p = Value::Object(d.fields.clone());
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/blend_options.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/blend_options.rs
index 83af48e2e..86deabcba 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/blend_options.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/blend_options.rs
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ const LABEL_W: f32 = 82.0;
 const SPACING: [(&str, &str); 3] = [("smooth", "Smooth Color"), ("steps", "Specified Steps"), ("distance", "Specified Distance")];
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Blend Options".into(), body, confirm, preview: true, min_width: 300.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Blend Options").into(), body, confirm, preview: true, min_width: 300.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// Open Blend Options on the selected blend's options (else those new blends start with).
 pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp) -> Result<Value, String> {
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let mode = d.str("spacing");
     let shown = SPACING.iter().find(|(v, _)| *v == mode).map_or(SPACING[0].1, |(_, l)| l);
     let labels = SPACING.map(|(_, l)| l);
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Spacing:", LABEL_W, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Spacing:"), LABEL_W, |ui| {
         if let Some((value, _)) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "blend-spacing", shown, &labels, 150.0).and_then(|i| SPACING.get(i)) {
             d.fields.insert("spacing".into(), json!(value));
         }
@@ -84,9 +84,9 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         }
     });
     ui.add_space(6.0);
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Orientation:", LABEL_W, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Orientation:"), LABEL_W, |ui| {
         let path = d.str("orientation") == "path";
-        for (value, along, tip) in [("page", false, "Align to Page"), ("path", true, "Align to Path")] {
+        for (value, along, tip) in [("page", false, tl!("Align to Page")), ("path", true, tl!("Align to Path"))] {
             if orientation_button(ui, along, path == along, tip) {
                 d.fields.insert("orientation".into(), json!(value));
             }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/color_balance.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/color_balance.rs
index 930041073..65ca83056 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/color_balance.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/color_balance.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ pub const KIND: &str = "colorBalance";
 const CMD: &str = "edit.colors.adjustBalance";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Adjust Colors".into(), body, confirm, preview: true, min_width: 340.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Adjust Colors").into(), body, confirm, preview: true, min_width: 340.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// A colour mode: its `mode` id, label and channels as (field, label).
 struct Mode {
@@ -83,28 +83,28 @@ fn track(key: &str, x: f32) -> egui::Color32 {
 fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let m = mode(d);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Color Mode:");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Color Mode:"));
         let labels: Vec<&str> = MODES.iter().map(|m| m.label).collect();
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "balance-mode", m.label, &labels, 120.0) {
             d.fields.insert("mode".into(), json!(MODES[i].id));
         }
         ui.add_space(12.0);
-        if widgets::check(ui, "Convert", d.bool("convert"), m.id != GLOBAL) {
+        if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Convert"), d.bool("convert"), m.id != GLOBAL) {
             d.fields.insert("convert".into(), json!(!d.bool("convert")));
         }
     });
     ui.add_space(8.0);
     let m = mode(d);
     if m.id == GLOBAL {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Shifts the tints of global and spot colors; other colors stay.");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Shifts the tints of global and spot colors; other colors stay."));
     }
     for (k, label) in m.channels {
         form::slider(ui, d, k, label, -100.0..=100.0, "%", &|x| track(k, x));
     }
     ui.add_space(8.0);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Adjust Options:");
-        for (k, label) in [("fill", "Fill"), ("stroke", "Stroke")] {
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Adjust Options:"));
+        for (k, label) in [("fill", tl!("Fill")), ("stroke", tl!("Stroke"))] {
             if widgets::check(ui, label, d.bool(k), true) {
                 d.fields.insert(k.into(), json!(!d.bool(k)));
             }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/color_guide_options.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/color_guide_options.rs
index 55975166c..9e61ec57e 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/color_guide_options.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/color_guide_options.rs
@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ use crate::theme::Tokens;
 /// The dialog kind of Color Guide Options.
 pub const KIND: &str = "colorGuideOptions";
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Color Guide Options".into(), body, confirm, min_width: 320.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Color Guide Options").into(), body, confirm, min_width: 320.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// Open the dialog with the panel's current options.
 pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp) {
@@ -38,14 +39,14 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         let v = (60.0 + 160.0 * x) as u8;
         egui::Color32::from_rgb(v, v, v)
     };
-    form::slider(ui, d, "steps", "Steps:", 1.0..=max, "", &ramp);
-    form::slider(ui, d, "amount", "Variation:", 0.0..=100.0, "%", &ramp);
+    form::slider(ui, d, "steps", tl!("Steps:"), 1.0..=max, "", &ramp);
+    form::slider(ui, d, "amount", tl!("Variation:"), 0.0..=100.0, "%", &ramp);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.add_space(form::SLIDER_LABEL + ui.spacing().item_spacing.x);
         let (r, _) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(form::SLIDER_WIDTH, 14.0), Sense::hover());
         let font = egui::FontId::proportional(11.0);
-        ui.painter().text(r.left_center(), egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER, "Less", font.clone(), t.text_dim);
-        ui.painter().text(r.right_center(), egui::Align2::RIGHT_CENTER, "More", font, t.text_dim);
+        ui.painter().text(r.left_center(), egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER, tl!("Less"), font.clone(), t.text_dim);
+        ui.painter().text(r.right_center(), egui::Align2::RIGHT_CENTER, tl!("More"), font, t.text_dim);
     });
     ui.add_space(10.0);
     // Preview: the base colour's row of variations.
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/color_picker.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/color_picker.rs
index 790f9f23e..11ed35716 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/color_picker.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/color_picker.rs
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
 pub(super) const KIND: &str = "colorPicker";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Color Picker".into(), body, confirm, min_width: 600.0, max_width: Some(640.0), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Color Picker").into(), body, confirm, min_width: 600.0, max_width: Some(640.0), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// Side of the colour field (and height of the channel slider).
 const FIELD: f32 = 240.0;
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
                     }
                 });
                 ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Min), |ui| {
-                    toggle_swatches = widgets::flat_button(ui, if swatches { "Color Models" } else { "Color Swatches" }, 110.0).clicked();
+                    toggle_swatches = widgets::flat_button(ui, if swatches { tl!("Color Models") } else { tl!("Color Swatches") }, 110.0).clicked();
                 });
             });
             ui.add_space(10.0);
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         });
     });
     ui.add_space(8.0);
-    if widgets::check(ui, "Only Web Colors", web, true) {
+    if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Only Web Colors"), web, true) {
         d.fields.insert("webOnly".into(), json!(!web));
     }
     if let Some(ch) = new_channel {
@@ -254,8 +254,8 @@ fn new_original_chips(ui: &mut Ui, new: &Color, original: &Color) -> bool {
     widgets::paint_chip(ui, top, &Paint::solid(*new));
     widgets::paint_chip(ui, bottom, &Paint::solid(*original));
     ui.painter().rect_stroke(r, 0.0, egui::Stroke::new(1.0, t.border), egui::StrokeKind::Outside);
-    ui.interact(top, ui.id().with("cp-new"), Sense::hover()).on_hover_text("New");
-    ui.interact(bottom, ui.id().with("cp-original"), Sense::click()).on_hover_text("Original: click to restore").clicked()
+    ui.interact(top, ui.id().with("cp-new"), Sense::hover()).on_hover_text(tl!("New"));
+    ui.interact(bottom, ui.id().with("cp-original"), Sense::click()).on_hover_text(tl!("Original: click to restore")).clicked()
 }
 
 /// The HSB and RGB fields with the channel radios, hex, Lab and CMYK. Returns the edited colour
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ fn swatch_list(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, current: &Color) -> Option<Col
             egui::ScrollArea::vertical().id_salt("cp-swatches").max_height(FIELD).show(ui, |ui| {
                 ui.set_width(FIELD + 24.0);
                 let Some(st) = app.session.active() else {
-                    widgets::dim_label(ui, "Open a document to see its swatches.");
+                    widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Open a document to see its swatches."));
                     return;
                 };
                 let doc = &st.doc;
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/command.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/command.rs
index 83dd3a627..401ba7f04 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/command.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/command.rs
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use crate::VectorcraftApp;
 use crate::state::Dialog;
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
-    heading: |d| d.str("__label"),
+    heading: |d| tl!(&d.str("__label")).to_string(),
     body: |app, ui, d| {
         let lengths = lengths(&d.str("__command"));
         form::param_fields(ui, d, &|k| lengths.contains(&k), app.session.general_unit());
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/confirm.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/confirm.rs
index 10ac1155d..1c29bbec1 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/confirm.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/confirm.rs
@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ use crate::theme::Tokens;
 pub const KIND: &str = "confirm";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
-    heading: |d| d.str("message"),
+    heading: |d| tl!(&d.str("message")).to_string(),
     body: |_, ui, d| {
         let detail = d.str("detail");
         if !detail.is_empty() {
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(detail).color(Tokens::get(ui.ctx()).text_dim));
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(&detail)).color(Tokens::get(ui.ctx()).text_dim));
         }
         false
     },
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/document_setup.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/document_setup.rs
index f5e6c8faf..6dc881e3c 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/document_setup.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/document_setup.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ const UI_ONLY: [&str; 2] = ["tab", "bleedLinked"];
 pub(super) const LABEL: f32 = 130.0;
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Document Setup".into(), body, confirm, min_width: 540.0, max_width: Some(540.0), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Document Setup").into(), body, confirm, min_width: 540.0, max_width: Some(540.0), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// Open Document Setup on the active document's settings.
 pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp) -> Result<Value, String> {
@@ -79,28 +79,28 @@ fn unit(d: &Dialog) -> Unit {
 
 fn general(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     let units: Vec<(&str, &str)> = Unit::ALL.iter().map(|u| (u.label(), u.label())).collect();
-    choice(ui, d, "units", "Units:", &units);
+    choice(ui, d, "units", tl!("Units:"), &units);
     ui.add_space(6.0);
     let unit = unit(d);
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Bleed:", LABEL, |ui| form::bleed(ui, d, unit, 64.0));
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Bleed:"), LABEL, |ui| form::bleed(ui, d, unit, 64.0));
     ui.add_space(6.0);
     widgets::label_row(ui, "", LABEL, |ui| {
         // Applies the settings, then edits the artboards with the Artboard tool.
-        if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Edit Artboards", 120.0).clicked() && confirm(app, d).is_ok() {
+        if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Edit Artboards"), 120.0).clicked() && confirm(app, d).is_ok() {
             app.select_tool("artboard");
         }
     });
     ui.add_space(12.0);
-    check(ui, d, "outlineImages", "Show Images in Outline Mode");
-    check(ui, d, "highlightSubstitutedFonts", "Highlight Substituted Fonts");
-    check(ui, d, "highlightSubstitutedGlyphs", "Highlight Substituted Glyphs");
+    check(ui, d, "outlineImages", tl!("Show Images in Outline Mode"));
+    check(ui, d, "highlightSubstitutedFonts", tl!("Highlight Substituted Fonts"));
+    check(ui, d, "highlightSubstitutedGlyphs", tl!("Highlight Substituted Glyphs"));
 }
 
 fn transparency(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Transparency Grid");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Transparency Grid"));
     let sizes: Vec<(&str, &str)> = GridSize::ALL.iter().map(|g| (g.id(), g.label())).collect();
-    choice(ui, d, "gridSize", "Grid Size:", &sizes);
+    choice(ui, d, "gridSize", tl!("Grid Size:"), &sizes);
     let colors: Vec<String> = d
         .fields
         .get("gridColors")
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ fn transparency(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
         .find(|(_, pair)| colors.len() == 2 && colors.iter().zip(pair).all(|(h, c)| h.eq_ignore_ascii_case(&c.to_hex())))
         .map_or("Custom", |(n, _)| n);
     let names: Vec<&str> = GRID_COLOR_PRESETS.iter().map(|(n, _)| *n).chain(["Custom"]).collect();
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Grid Colors:", LABEL, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Grid Colors:"), LABEL, |ui| {
         if let Some((_, pair)) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "gridColors", preset, &names, 220.0).and_then(|i| GRID_COLOR_PRESETS.get(i)) {
             d.fields.insert("gridColors".into(), json!(pair.map(|c| c.to_hex())));
         }
@@ -136,27 +136,29 @@ fn transparency(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
         }
     });
     ui.add_space(4.0);
-    check(ui, d, "simulatePaper", "Simulate Colored Paper");
+    check(ui, d, "simulatePaper", tl!("Simulate Colored Paper"));
     ui.add_space(14.0);
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Export and Clipboard Transparency Flattener Settings");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Export and Clipboard Transparency Flattener Settings"));
     let presets: Vec<String> = app.session.flattener_presets().into_iter().map(|p| p.name).collect();
     let options: Vec<(&str, &str)> = presets.iter().map(|p| (p.as_str(), p.as_str())).collect();
-    choice(ui, d, "flattenerPreset", "Preset:", &options);
-    check(ui, d, "discardWhiteOverprint", "Discard White Overprint in Output");
+    choice(ui, d, "flattenerPreset", tl!("Preset:"), &options);
+    check(ui, d, "discardWhiteOverprint", tl!("Discard White Overprint in Output"));
 }
 
 fn typography(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let langs: Vec<(&str, &str)> = LANGUAGES.iter().map(|(l, _)| (*l, *l)).collect();
     let before = d.str("language");
-    choice(ui, d, "language", "Language:", &langs);
+    choice(ui, d, "language", tl!("Language:"), &langs);
     // A language brings its quotes.
     if d.str("language") != before
         && let Some(q) = vectorcraft_doc::setup::language_quotes(&d.str("language"))
     {
         d.fields.insert("quotes".into(), json!({"double": q.double.iter().collect::<String>(), "single": q.single.iter().collect::<String>()}));
     }
-    for (key, label, choices) in [("double", "Double Quotes:", Quotes::DOUBLE_CHOICES), ("single", "Single Quotes:", Quotes::SINGLE_CHOICES)] {
+    for (key, label, choices) in
+        [("double", tl!("Double Quotes:"), Quotes::DOUBLE_CHOICES), ("single", tl!("Single Quotes:"), Quotes::SINGLE_CHOICES)]
+    {
         let pairs: Vec<String> = choices.iter().map(|p| p.iter().collect()).collect();
         let labels: Vec<&str> = pairs.iter().map(String::as_str).collect();
         let cur = d.fields.get("quotes").and_then(|q| q.get(key)).and_then(Value::as_str).unwrap_or("").to_string();
@@ -168,16 +170,16 @@ fn typography(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
             }
         });
     }
-    check(ui, d, "typographersQuotes", "Use Typographer's Quotes");
+    check(ui, d, "typographersQuotes", tl!("Use Typographer's Quotes"));
     ui.add_space(14.0);
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Options");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Options"));
     egui::Grid::new("docsetup-scripts").num_columns(3).spacing([16.0, 6.0]).show(ui, |ui| {
         ui.label("");
-        for h in ["Size", "Position"] {
+        for h in [tl!("Size"), tl!("Position")] {
             ui.label(egui::RichText::new(h).size(11.0).color(t.text_dim));
         }
         ui.end_row();
-        for (key, label) in [("superscript", "Superscript:"), ("subscript", "Subscript:")] {
+        for (key, label) in [("superscript", tl!("Superscript:")), ("subscript", tl!("Subscript:"))] {
             ui.label(egui::RichText::new(label).color(t.text));
             for part in ["size", "position"] {
                 let v = d.fields.get(key).and_then(|m| m.get(part)).and_then(Value::as_f64).unwrap_or(0.0);
@@ -189,14 +191,14 @@ fn typography(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
             }
             ui.end_row();
         }
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Small Caps:").color(t.text));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Small Caps:")).color(t.text));
         if let Some(n) = widgets::plain_field(ui, "smallCaps", d.f64("smallCapsSize", 70.0), "%", 1, 70.0) {
             d.fields.insert("smallCapsSize".into(), json!(n));
         }
         ui.end_row();
     });
     ui.add_space(6.0);
-    choice(ui, d, "exportText", "Export:", &[("editable", "Preserve Text Editability"), ("appearance", "Preserve Text Appearance")]);
+    choice(ui, d, "exportText", tl!("Export:"), &[("editable", tl!("Preserve Text Editability")), ("appearance", tl!("Preserve Text Appearance"))]);
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/dxf_import.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/dxf_import.rs
index f5f4c6bd2..896e3ae24 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/dxf_import.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/dxf_import.rs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, io, widgets};
 pub const KIND: &str = "dxfImport";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
-    heading: |d| if d.str("mode") == "place" { "Place DXF" } else { "DXF Import Options" }.into(),
+    heading: |d| if d.str("mode") == "place" { tl!("Place DXF") } else { tl!("DXF Import Options") }.into(),
     body,
     confirm,
     min_width: 560.0,
@@ -141,19 +141,19 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
             let layouts: Vec<String> =
                 d.fields.get("layouts").and_then(Value::as_array).into_iter().flatten().filter_map(Value::as_str).map(str::to_string).collect();
             let rows: Vec<(&str, &str)> = layouts.iter().map(|l| (l.as_str(), l.as_str())).collect();
-            choice(ui, d, "layout", "Layout:", &rows);
+            choice(ui, d, "layout", tl!("Layout:"), &rows);
             ui.add_space(10.0);
-            widgets::subheader(ui, "Scaling");
-            check(ui, d, "fit", "Scale to Fit Artboard");
+            widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Scaling"));
+            check(ui, d, "fit", tl!("Scale to Fit Artboard"));
             ui.add_enabled_ui(!d.bool("fit"), |ui| super::dxf_options::scale_row(ui, d));
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
                 ui.add_space(LABEL + 8.0);
-                check(ui, d, "scaleLineweights", "Scale Lineweights");
+                check(ui, d, "scaleLineweights", tl!("Scale Lineweights"));
             });
             ui.add_space(10.0);
-            widgets::subheader(ui, "Options");
-            check(ui, d, "center", "Center Artwork");
-            check(ui, d, "mergeLayers", "Merge Layers");
+            widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Options"));
+            check(ui, d, "center", tl!("Center Artwork"));
+            check(ui, d, "mergeLayers", tl!("Merge Layers"));
         });
     });
     false
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/dxf_options.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/dxf_options.rs
index d3240ca86..3593dfe91 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/dxf_options.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/dxf_options.rs
@@ -18,8 +18,15 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, io, widgets};
 
 pub(super) const KIND: &str = "dxfOptions";
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "DXF Options".into(), body, confirm, ok: Some("Export"), min_width: 420.0, max_width: Some(460.0), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
+    heading: |_| tl!("DXF Options").into(),
+    body,
+    confirm,
+    ok: Some("Export"),
+    min_width: 420.0,
+    max_width: Some(460.0),
+    ..DialogSpec::FORM
+};
 
 /// Fields that are not remembered between exports (they belong to one export).
 const PER_EXPORT: [&str; 7] = ["format", "path", "useArtboards", "range", "artboard", "artboards", "selectedOnly"];
@@ -59,24 +66,24 @@ pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, params: &Value) {
 
 fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let versions: Vec<(&str, &str)> = DxfVersion::ALL.iter().map(|v| (v.id(), v.label())).collect();
-    choice(ui, d, "version", "Version:", &versions);
+    choice(ui, d, "version", tl!("Version:"), &versions);
     ui.add_space(4.0);
     scale_row(ui, d);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.add_space(LABEL + 8.0);
-        check(ui, d, "scaleLineweights", "Scale Lineweights");
+        check(ui, d, "scaleLineweights", tl!("Scale Lineweights"));
     });
     ui.add_space(4.0);
     let depths: Vec<(&str, &str)> = ColorDepth::ALL.iter().map(|c| (c.id(), c.label())).collect();
-    choice(ui, d, "colors", "Number of Colors:", &depths);
+    choice(ui, d, "colors", tl!("Number of Colors:"), &depths);
     let version = DxfVersion::from_id(&d.str("version")).unwrap_or_default();
     if ColorDepth::from_id(&d.str("colors")) == Some(ColorDepth::True) && version < DxfVersion::R2004 {
-        note(ui, "True colour needs version 2004 or later: the nearest of 256 colours is written.");
+        note(ui, tl!("True colour needs version 2004 or later: the nearest of 256 colours is written."));
     }
     let rasters: Vec<(&str, &str)> = RasterFormat::ALL.iter().map(|r| (r.id(), r.label())).collect();
-    choice(ui, d, "rasterFormat", "Raster File Format:", &rasters);
+    choice(ui, d, "rasterFormat", tl!("Raster File Format:"), &rasters);
     ui.add_space(10.0);
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Export Option");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Export Option"));
     let preserve = Preserve::from_id(&d.str("preserve")).unwrap_or_default();
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         for p in Preserve::ALL {
@@ -88,21 +95,21 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     });
     ui.add_space(4.0);
     let selection = app.session.active().is_some_and(|st| !st.selection.is_empty());
-    if widgets::check(ui, "Export Selected Art Only", d.bool("selectedOnly") && selection, selection) {
+    if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Export Selected Art Only"), d.bool("selectedOnly") && selection, selection) {
         d.fields.insert("selectedOnly".into(), json!(!d.bool("selectedOnly")));
     }
-    check(ui, d, "alterPaths", "Alter Paths for Appearance");
+    check(ui, d, "alterPaths", tl!("Alter Paths for Appearance"));
     // Preserve Appearance always outlines type.
     let appearance = preserve == Preserve::Appearance;
-    if widgets::check(ui, "Outline Text", appearance || d.bool("outlineText"), !appearance) {
+    if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Outline Text"), appearance || d.bool("outlineText"), !appearance) {
         d.fields.insert("outlineText".into(), json!(!d.bool("outlineText")));
     }
     ui.add_space(8.0);
     super::form::caption(
         ui,
         match preserve {
-            Preserve::Appearance => "Type becomes outlines, and strokes a CAD line can't draw become filled shapes.",
-            Preserve::Editability => "Type stays text, and every stroke is a line with its lineweight and dashes.",
+            Preserve::Appearance => tl!("Type becomes outlines, and strokes a CAD line can't draw become filled shapes."),
+            Preserve::Editability => tl!("Type stays text, and every stroke is a line with its lineweight and dashes."),
         },
     );
     false
@@ -113,7 +120,7 @@ pub(super) fn scale_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     let t = crate::theme::Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let units: Vec<&str> = Unit::ALL.iter().filter(|u| **u != Unit::FeetInches).map(|u| u.label()).collect();
     let unit = Unit::named(&d.str("unit")).unwrap_or(Unit::Millimeters);
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Scale:", LABEL, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Scale:"), LABEL, |ui| {
         ui.label(egui::RichText::new("1").color(t.text));
         if let Some(u) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "dxf-unit", unit.label(), &units, 120.0).and_then(|i| units.get(i)) {
             d.fields.insert("unit".into(), json!(u));
@@ -124,7 +131,7 @@ pub(super) fn scale_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
             let (lo, hi) = (*vectorcraft_cad::SCALE_RANGE.start(), *vectorcraft_cad::SCALE_RANGE.end());
             d.fields.insert("scale".into(), json!(v.clamp(lo, hi)));
         }
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Units").color(t.text));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Units")).color(t.text));
     });
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/effect.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/effect.rs
index 071370c25..27adf9cba 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/effect.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/effect.rs
@@ -17,7 +17,16 @@ use crate::state::Dialog;
 use crate::theme::Tokens;
 use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |d| d.str("__label"), body, confirm, preview: true, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |d| heading_label(d), body, confirm, preview: true, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+
+/// The effect's name (`__label`, English) in the UI language: the catalog may carry it with or
+/// without its trailing ellipsis.
+fn heading_label(d: &Dialog) -> String {
+    let label = d.str("__label");
+    let dotted = format!("{label}…");
+    let shown = tl!(&dotted);
+    if shown != dotted { shown.trim_end_matches('…').to_string() } else { tl!(&label).to_string() }
+}
 
 /// The dialog kind asking whether to edit an effect that is already applied or add another.
 /// Fields: `__effect`, `__label`, `__item?` (as given to `effect.dialog`), `__target` and
@@ -26,9 +35,9 @@ pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |d| d.str("__label"),
 pub const EXISTS: &str = "effectExists";
 
 pub(super) const EXISTS_SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
-    heading: |d| format!("{} is already applied", d.str("__label")),
+    heading: |d| crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("{effect} is already applied"), &[("effect", &heading_label(d))]),
     body: |_, ui, _| {
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Edit the applied effect, or add another one?").color(Tokens::get(ui.ctx()).text_dim));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Edit the applied effect, or add another one?")).color(Tokens::get(ui.ctx()).text_dim));
         false
     },
     confirm: confirm_exists,
@@ -123,7 +132,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     };
     ui.add_space(6.0);
     let mut pv = d.bool("preview");
-    let pv_changed = ui.checkbox(&mut pv, "Preview").changed();
+    let pv_changed = ui.checkbox(&mut pv, tl!("Preview")).changed();
     d.fields.insert("preview".into(), json!(pv));
     if pv && (changed || pv_changed || !app.session.in_interaction()) {
         let label = d.str("__label");
@@ -189,7 +198,14 @@ fn adjust_fields(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         form::slider_w(ui, d, (key, label, LABEL_W), *min..=*max, "", rail);
     }
     if d.fields.contains_key("channel") {
-        form::choice(ui, d, "channel", "Channel", (LABEL_W, 120.0), &[("rgb", "RGB"), ("red", "Red"), ("green", "Green"), ("blue", "Blue")]);
+        form::choice(
+            ui,
+            d,
+            "channel",
+            tl!("Channel"),
+            (LABEL_W, 120.0),
+            &[("rgb", "RGB"), ("red", tl!("Red")), ("green", tl!("Green")), ("blue", tl!("Blue"))],
+        );
     }
     if d.fields.contains_key("points") {
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
@@ -197,7 +213,7 @@ fn adjust_fields(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
             curve_graph(ui, d);
         });
     }
-    for (key, label, width) in [("points", "Points", 220.0), ("color", "Color", 120.0)] {
+    for (key, label, width) in [("points", tl!("Points"), 220.0), ("color", tl!("Color"), 120.0)] {
         if d.fields.contains_key(key) {
             widgets::label_row(ui, label, LABEL_W, |ui| {
                 form::text(ui, d, key, width);
@@ -205,14 +221,14 @@ fn adjust_fields(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         }
     }
     if d.fields.contains_key("gamma") {
-        widgets::label_row(ui, "Gamma", LABEL_W, |ui| {
+        widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Gamma"), LABEL_W, |ui| {
             let mut g = d.f64("gamma", 1.0);
             if ui.add(egui::DragValue::new(&mut g).speed(0.01).range(0.1..=10.0).max_decimals(2)).changed() {
                 d.fields.insert("gamma".into(), json!(g));
             }
         });
     }
-    for (key, label) in [("colorize", "Colorize"), ("preserveLightness", "Preserve Lightness")] {
+    for (key, label) in [("colorize", tl!("Colorize")), ("preserveLightness", tl!("Preserve Lightness"))] {
         if d.fields.contains_key(key) {
             form::check(ui, d, key, label);
         }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/envelope.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/envelope.rs
index 06516902f..0a4d4aa36 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/envelope.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/envelope.rs
@@ -44,10 +44,10 @@ pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading, body, confirm, preview
 
 fn heading(d: &Dialog) -> String {
     match d.kind.as_str() {
-        WARP => "Warp Options",
-        MESH if d.bool("reset") => "Reset Envelope Mesh",
-        MESH => "Envelope Mesh",
-        _ => "Envelope Options",
+        WARP => tl!("Warp Options"),
+        MESH if d.bool("reset") => tl!("Reset Envelope Mesh"),
+        MESH => tl!("Envelope Mesh"),
+        _ => tl!("Envelope Options"),
     }
     .into()
 }
@@ -143,44 +143,44 @@ fn count(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, label: &str) {
 
 fn warp_body(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     let styles: Vec<(&str, &str)> = WARP_STYLES.iter().map(|(id, label)| (*id, label.trim_end_matches('…'))).collect();
-    form::choice(ui, d, "style", "Style:", (LABEL_W, 160.0), &styles);
+    form::choice(ui, d, "style", tl!("Style:"), (LABEL_W, 160.0), &styles);
     let horizontal = d.bool("horizontal");
     widgets::label_row(ui, "", LABEL_W, |ui| {
-        for (h, label) in [(true, "Horizontal"), (false, "Vertical")] {
+        for (h, label) in [(true, tl!("Horizontal")), (false, tl!("Vertical"))] {
             if widgets::radio(ui, label, horizontal == h, true) {
                 set(d, "horizontal", json!(h));
             }
             ui.add_space(10.0);
         }
     });
-    percent(ui, d, "bend", "Bend:");
+    percent(ui, d, "bend", tl!("Bend:"));
     ui.add_space(6.0);
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Distortion");
-    percent(ui, d, "h", "Horizontal:");
-    percent(ui, d, "v", "Vertical:");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Distortion"));
+    percent(ui, d, "h", tl!("Horizontal:"));
+    percent(ui, d, "v", tl!("Vertical:"));
 }
 
 fn mesh_body(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
-    count(ui, d, "rows", "Rows:");
-    count(ui, d, "cols", "Columns:");
+    count(ui, d, "rows", tl!("Rows:"));
+    count(ui, d, "cols", tl!("Columns:"));
     if d.bool("reset") {
         ui.add_space(4.0);
-        form::check(ui, d, "maintainShape", "Maintain Envelope Shape");
+        form::check(ui, d, "maintainShape", tl!("Maintain Envelope Shape"));
     }
 }
 
 fn options_body(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Rasters");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Rasters"));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.add_space(12.0);
-        form::check(ui, d, "antiAlias", "Anti-Alias");
+        form::check(ui, d, "antiAlias", tl!("Anti-Alias"));
     });
     ui.add_space(4.0);
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Preserve Shape Using:");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Preserve Shape Using:"));
     let clip = d.str("preserveShape") != "transparency";
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.add_space(12.0);
-        for (value, label) in [("clippingMask", "Clipping Mask"), ("transparency", "Transparency")] {
+        for (value, label) in [("clippingMask", tl!("Clipping Mask")), ("transparency", tl!("Transparency"))] {
             if widgets::radio(ui, label, clip == (value == "clippingMask"), true) {
                 set(d, "preserveShape", json!(value));
             }
@@ -189,12 +189,12 @@ fn options_body(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     });
     ui.add_space(4.0);
     let rail = Tokens::get(ui.ctx()).input_border;
-    form::slider_w(ui, d, ("fidelity", "Fidelity:", LABEL_W), 0.0..=100.0, "", &move |_| rail);
+    form::slider_w(ui, d, ("fidelity", tl!("Fidelity:"), LABEL_W), 0.0..=100.0, "", &move |_| rail);
     ui.add_space(4.0);
-    form::check(ui, d, "distortAppearance", "Distort Appearance");
+    form::check(ui, d, "distortAppearance", tl!("Distort Appearance"));
     // Gradients and patterns bend only with the appearance.
     let appearance = d.bool("distortAppearance");
-    for (key, label) in [("distortLinearGradients", "Distort Linear Gradients"), ("distortPatternFills", "Distort Pattern Fills")] {
+    for (key, label) in [("distortLinearGradients", tl!("Distort Linear Gradients")), ("distortPatternFills", tl!("Distort Pattern Fills"))] {
         let on = d.bool(key);
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
             ui.add_space(20.0);
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ pub fn control_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
     let Some((editing, bar)) = bar_of(app) else { return };
     let mut run: Option<(&str, Value)> = None;
     ui.separator();
-    for (contents, icon, tip) in [(false, "dc-mesh", "Edit Envelope"), (true, "shapes", "Edit Contents")] {
+    for (contents, icon, tip) in [(false, "dc-mesh", tl!("Edit Envelope")), (true, "shapes", tl!("Edit Contents"))] {
         if widgets::icon_button(ui, icon, tip, editing == contents, 24.0).clicked() && editing != contents {
             run = Some(("object.envelope.editContents", json!({ "editing": contents })));
         }
@@ -270,23 +270,23 @@ pub fn control_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
         Bar::Warp { style, bend, h, v, horizontal } => {
             let styles: Vec<&str> = WARP_STYLES.iter().map(|(_, l)| l.trim_end_matches('…')).collect();
             let current = WARP_STYLES.iter().find(|(id, _)| id == style).map_or(style.as_str(), |(_, l)| l.trim_end_matches('…'));
-            widgets::dim_label(ui, "Style:");
+            widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Style:"));
             if let Some((id, _)) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "cb-envelope-style", current, &styles, 110.0).and_then(|i| WARP_STYLES.get(i)) {
                 run = Some((OPTIONS_CMD, json!({ "style": id })));
             }
-            for (h, label) in [(true, "Horizontal"), (false, "Vertical")] {
+            for (h, label) in [(true, tl!("Horizontal")), (false, tl!("Vertical"))] {
                 if widgets::radio(ui, label, *horizontal == h, true) {
                     run = Some((OPTIONS_CMD, json!({ "horizontal": h })));
                 }
             }
-            for (key, label, value) in [("bend", "Bend:", *bend), ("h", "H:", *h), ("v", "V:", *v)] {
+            for (key, label, value) in [("bend", tl!("Bend:"), *bend), ("h", tl!("H:"), *h), ("v", tl!("V:"), *v)] {
                 if let Some(n) = field(ui, key, label, value, "%") {
                     run = Some((OPTIONS_CMD, json!({ key: n.round().clamp(-100.0, 100.0) })));
                 }
             }
         }
         Bar::Mesh { rows, cols } => {
-            for (key, label, value) in [("rows", "Rows:", *rows), ("cols", "Columns:", *cols)] {
+            for (key, label, value) in [("rows", tl!("Rows:"), *rows), ("cols", tl!("Columns:"), *cols)] {
                 if let Some(n) = field(ui, key, label, f64::from(value), "") {
                     run = Some((RESET_MESH, json!({ key: n.round().clamp(1.0, 50.0), "maintainShape": true })));
                 }
@@ -301,11 +301,11 @@ pub fn control_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
         Bar::TopObject => None,
     };
     if let Some(r) = reset
-        && widgets::flat_button(ui, "Reset", 50.0).on_hover_text("Reset Envelope Shape").clicked()
+        && widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Reset"), 50.0).on_hover_text(tl!("Reset Envelope Shape")).clicked()
     {
         run = Some(r);
     }
-    if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-options", "Envelope Options", false, 24.0).clicked() {
+    if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-options", tl!("Envelope Options"), false, 24.0).clicked() {
         crate::menus::invoke(app, OPTIONS_CMD, json!({}));
     }
     if let Some((cmd, p)) = run
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/eps_options.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/eps_options.rs
index bae6c2636..e2c24e12b 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/eps_options.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/eps_options.rs
@@ -18,8 +18,15 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, io, widgets};
 
 pub(super) const KIND: &str = "epsOptions";
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "EPS Options".into(), body, confirm, ok: Some("Export"), min_width: 420.0, max_width: Some(460.0), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
+    heading: |_| tl!("EPS Options").into(),
+    body,
+    confirm,
+    ok: Some("Export"),
+    min_width: 420.0,
+    max_width: Some(460.0),
+    ..DialogSpec::FORM
+};
 
 /// Fields that are not remembered between exports (they belong to one export).
 const PER_EXPORT: [&str; 7] = ["format", "path", "useArtboards", "range", "artboard", "artboards", "selectedOnly"];
@@ -62,15 +69,15 @@ pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, params: &Value) {
 }
 
 fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Preview");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Preview"));
     let previews: Vec<(&str, &str)> = Preview::ALL.iter().map(|p| (p.id(), p.label())).collect();
-    choice(ui, d, "previewFormat", "Format:", &previews);
+    choice(ui, d, "previewFormat", tl!("Format:"), &previews);
     // Only the colour preview can keep transparency.
     let color = Preview::from_id(&d.str("previewFormat")) == Some(Preview::TiffColor);
     let transparent = d.bool("transparentPreview");
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.add_space(LABEL + 8.0);
-        for (label, on) in [("Transparent", true), ("Opaque", false)] {
+        for (label, on) in [(tl!("Transparent"), true), (tl!("Opaque"), false)] {
             if widgets::radio(ui, label, color && transparent == on, color) {
                 d.fields.insert("transparentPreview".into(), json!(on));
             }
@@ -78,22 +85,22 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         }
     });
     ui.add_space(8.0);
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Transparency");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Transparency"));
     let overprints: Vec<(&str, &str)> = Overprint::ALL.iter().map(|o| (o.id(), o.label())).collect();
-    choice(ui, d, "overprints", "Overprints:", &overprints);
+    choice(ui, d, "overprints", tl!("Overprints:"), &overprints);
     let presets = app.session.flattener_presets();
     let names: Vec<(&str, &str)> = presets.iter().map(|p| (p.name.as_str(), p.name.as_str())).collect();
-    choice(ui, d, "flattenerPreset", "Preset:", &names);
+    choice(ui, d, "flattenerPreset", tl!("Preset:"), &names);
     ui.add_space(8.0);
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Fonts");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Fonts"));
     // Type is written as glyph outlines, which need no fonts.
-    widgets::check(ui, "Embed Fonts (for other applications)", true, false);
+    widgets::check(ui, tl!("Embed Fonts (for other applications)"), true, false);
     ui.add_space(8.0);
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Options");
-    check(ui, d, "includeLinkedFiles", "Include Linked Files");
-    check(ui, d, "thumbnails", "Include Document Thumbnails");
-    check(ui, d, "cmykPostScript", "Include CMYK PostScript in RGB Files");
-    check(ui, d, "compatibleGradients", "Compatible Gradient and Gradient Mesh Printing");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Options"));
+    check(ui, d, "includeLinkedFiles", tl!("Include Linked Files"));
+    check(ui, d, "thumbnails", tl!("Include Document Thumbnails"));
+    check(ui, d, "cmykPostScript", tl!("Include CMYK PostScript in RGB Files"));
+    check(ui, d, "compatibleGradients", tl!("Compatible Gradient and Gradient Mesh Printing"));
     ui.add_space(4.0);
     let levels: Vec<(&str, &str)> = Level::ALL.iter().map(|l| (l.id(), l.label())).collect();
     // A level set as a number (`level: 2`) reads as its id.
@@ -101,14 +108,14 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         let id = n.to_string();
         d.fields.insert("level".into(), json!(id));
     }
-    choice(ui, d, "level", "PostScript:", &levels);
+    choice(ui, d, "level", tl!("PostScript:"), &levels);
     ui.add_space(8.0);
     super::form::caption(
         ui,
         if Level::from_id(&d.str("level")) == Some(Level::Two) || d.bool("compatibleGradients") {
-            "Transparency is flattened with the preset. Type is written as outlines; gradients as bands of colour."
+            tl!("Transparency is flattened with the preset. Type is written as outlines; gradients as bands of colour.")
         } else {
-            "Transparency is flattened with the preset. Type is written as outlines; gradients stay smooth."
+            tl!("Transparency is flattened with the preset. Type is written as outlines; gradients stay smooth.")
         },
     );
     false
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/expand.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/expand.rs
index a14204cdb..dba30e3aa 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/expand.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/expand.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ const CMD: &str = "object.expand";
 /// The options and their checkbox labels.
 const OPTIONS: [(&str, &str); 3] = [("object", "Object"), ("fill", "Fill"), ("stroke", "Stroke")];
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Expand".into(), body, confirm, min_width: 260.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Expand").into(), body, confirm, min_width: 260.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// Open Expand for the selection, every option on (as `object.expand {}` does).
 pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp) -> Result<Value, String> {
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let set = |d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, v: Value| {
         d.fields.insert(key.into(), v);
     };
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Expand");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Expand"));
     for (key, label) in OPTIONS {
         let on = d.bool(key);
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
@@ -49,26 +49,26 @@ fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         });
     }
     ui.add_space(10.0);
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Expand Gradient To");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Expand Gradient To"));
     // Only gradient fills that Fill expands care.
     let enabled = d.bool("__fill") && d.bool("fill");
     let objects = d.str("gradient") != "mesh";
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.add_space(12.0);
-        if widgets::radio(ui, "Gradient Mesh", !objects, enabled) {
+        if widgets::radio(ui, tl!("Gradient Mesh"), !objects, enabled) {
             set(d, "gradient", json!("mesh"));
         }
     });
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.add_space(12.0);
-        if widgets::radio(ui, "Specify:", objects, enabled) {
+        if widgets::radio(ui, tl!("Specify:"), objects, enabled) {
             set(d, "gradient", json!("objects"));
         }
         ui.add_enabled_ui(enabled && objects, |ui| {
             if let Some(n) = widgets::plain_field(ui, "expand-steps", d.f64("steps", DEFAULT_STEPS as f64), "", 0, 52.0) {
                 set(d, "steps", json!(n.round().clamp(1.0, MAX_STEPS as f64)));
             }
-            widgets::dim_label(ui, "Objects");
+            widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Objects"));
         });
     });
     false
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/export_as.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/export_as.rs
index 9f9b99d22..82e3d255b 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/export_as.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/export_as.rs
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use crate::theme::Tokens;
 use crate::{VectorcraftApp, io, widgets};
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Export As".into(), body, confirm, ok: Some("Export…"), min_width: 380.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Export As").into(), body, confirm, ok: Some("Export…"), min_width: 380.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// The formats Export As writes (the native format is Save's).
 static FORMATS: LazyLock<Vec<&'static Format>> = LazyLock::new(|| fileio::FORMATS.iter().filter(|f| f.write && f.id != "vectorcraft").collect());
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let Some(f) = chosen(d) else { return false };
     let missing = unavailable(d);
     egui::Grid::new("export-as").num_columns(2).spacing([10.0, 8.0]).show(ui, |ui| {
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Format:").color(t.text_dim));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Format:")).color(t.text_dim));
         let shown = missing.map_or(f.label, |(label, _)| label);
         if let Some(g) = widgets::dropdown_with(ui, "export-as-format", shown, &LABELS, 160.0, |i| i < FORMATS.len()).and_then(|i| FORMATS.get(i)) {
             d.fields.insert("format".into(), json!(g.id));
@@ -75,13 +75,13 @@ fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         form::caption(ui, hint);
     }
     ui.add_space(10.0);
-    form::check(ui, d, "useArtboards", "Use Artboards");
+    form::check(ui, d, "useArtboards", tl!("Use Artboards"));
     let use_artboards = d.bool("useArtboards");
     ui.add_enabled_ui(use_artboards, |ui| {
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
             ui.add_space(22.0);
             let mut all = d.bool("all");
-            if ui.radio_value(&mut all, true, "All").changed() | ui.radio_value(&mut all, false, "Range:").changed() {
+            if ui.radio_value(&mut all, true, tl!("All")).changed() | ui.radio_value(&mut all, false, tl!("Range:")).changed() {
                 d.fields.insert("all".into(), json!(all));
             }
             let mut range = d.str("range");
@@ -93,9 +93,9 @@ fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     ui.add_space(8.0);
     let ext = f.extensions[0];
     let hint = match (use_artboards, f.id) {
-        (true, "pdf") => "One page per artboard.".to_string(),
-        (true, _) => format!("One file per artboard: <name>-<artboard>.{ext}"),
-        (false, _) => "The bounds of the visible art.".to_string(),
+        (true, "pdf") => tl!("One page per artboard.").to_string(),
+        (true, _) => crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("One file per artboard: <name>-<artboard>.{ext}"), &[("ext", ext)]),
+        (false, _) => tl!("The bounds of the visible art.").to_string(),
     };
     ui.label(egui::RichText::new(hint).color(t.text_dim).size(11.5));
     false
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/export_for_screens.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/export_for_screens.rs
index a0beef9fe..92cdc42d1 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/export_for_screens.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/export_for_screens.rs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ use crate::theme::Tokens;
 use crate::{VectorcraftApp, io, widgets};
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
-    heading: |_| "Export for Screens".into(),
+    heading: |_| tl!("Export for Screens").into(),
     body,
     confirm,
     ok: Some("Export Artboard"),
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ fn confirm(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, d: &Dialog) -> Result<Value, String> {
 fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let tab = usize::from(d.str("tab") == "assets");
-    if let Some(i) = widgets::tab_bar(ui, &["Artboards", "Assets"], tab) {
+    if let Some(i) = widgets::tab_bar(ui, &[tl!("Artboards"), tl!("Assets")], tab) {
         d.fields.insert("tab".into(), json!(if i == 1 { "assets" } else { "artboards" }));
     }
     ui.add_space(8.0);
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
                 formats(ui, d);
                 ui.add_space(6.0);
                 ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    widgets::dim_label(ui, "Prefix:");
+                    widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Prefix:"));
                     form::text(ui, d, "prefix", 140.0);
                 });
             }
@@ -303,13 +303,13 @@ fn artboards(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     boards.resize(n, true);
     let before = boards.clone();
     let select = d.str("select");
-    widgets::dim_label(ui, "Select:");
+    widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Select:"));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        if widgets::radio(ui, "All", select == "all", true) {
+        if widgets::radio(ui, tl!("All"), select == "all", true) {
             set_select(d, "all");
             boards.iter_mut().for_each(|b| *b = true);
         }
-        if widgets::radio(ui, "Range:", select == "range", true) {
+        if widgets::radio(ui, tl!("Range:"), select == "range", true) {
             set_select(d, "range");
         }
         ui.add_enabled_ui(select == "range", |ui| {
@@ -320,20 +320,20 @@ fn artboards(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
             }
         });
     });
-    if widgets::radio(ui, "Full Document", select == "full", true) {
+    if widgets::radio(ui, tl!("Full Document"), select == "full", true) {
         set_select(d, "full");
     }
     ui.add_space(4.0);
-    form::check(ui, d, "includeBleed", "Include Bleed");
+    form::check(ui, d, "includeBleed", tl!("Include Bleed"));
     ui.add_space(6.0);
     let typed = boards != before;
     let checked = boards.clone();
     ui.add_enabled_ui(d.str("select") != "full", |ui| {
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-            if ui.small_button("Select All").clicked() {
+            if ui.small_button(tl!("Select All")).clicked() {
                 boards.iter_mut().for_each(|b| *b = true);
             }
-            if ui.small_button("Clear").clicked() {
+            if ui.small_button(tl!("Clear")).clicked() {
                 boards.iter_mut().for_each(|b| *b = false);
             }
         });
@@ -381,16 +381,16 @@ fn assets(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     let Some(st) = app.session.active() else { return };
     if st.doc.assets.is_empty() {
         ui.add_space(24.0);
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "No assets yet. Collect art with Object › Collect for Export, or drag it into the Asset Export panel.");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("No assets yet. Collect art with Object › Collect for Export, or drag it into the Asset Export panel."));
         return;
     }
     let mut on = checked_assets(app, d);
     let before = on.clone();
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        if ui.small_button("Select All").clicked() {
+        if ui.small_button(tl!("Select All")).clicked() {
             on = st.doc.assets.iter().map(|a| a.id).collect();
         }
-        if ui.small_button("Clear").clicked() {
+        if ui.small_button(tl!("Clear")).clicked() {
             on.clear();
         }
     });
@@ -417,23 +417,23 @@ fn assets(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
 /// Export to: the folder (typed or picked), Open Location after Export and Create Sub-folders; the
 /// web downloads instead.
 fn destination(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
-    widgets::dim_label(ui, "Export to:");
+    widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Export to:"));
     if io::is_web(app) {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Your browser downloads the files (several as one .zip).");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Your browser downloads the files (several as one .zip)."));
     } else {
         let pick = app.services.pick_folder.is_some();
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
             form::text(ui, d, "folder", if pick { 300.0 } else { 334.0 });
             if pick
-                && widgets::icon_button(ui, "folder-open", "Choose a folder", false, 26.0).clicked()
+                && widgets::icon_button(ui, "folder-open", tl!("Choose a folder"), false, 26.0).clicked()
                 && let Some(f) = app.services.pick_folder.as_mut().and_then(|pick| pick())
             {
                 d.fields.insert("folder".into(), json!(f));
             }
         });
-        form::check(ui, d, "openLocation", "Open Location after Export");
+        form::check(ui, d, "openLocation", tl!("Open Location after Export"));
     }
-    form::check(ui, d, "subfolders", "Create Sub-folders");
+    form::check(ui, d, "subfolders", tl!("Create Sub-folders"));
 }
 
 /// The preset, the Format Settings gear (which sets `__settings`), the format rows (scale, suffix,
@@ -442,9 +442,9 @@ pub(crate) fn formats(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     let mut rows: Vec<Value> = d.fields.get("formats").and_then(Value::as_array).cloned().unwrap_or_default();
     let mut edited = false;
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Formats:");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Formats:"));
         ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
-            if widgets::icon_button(ui, "settings", "Format Settings", false, 24.0).clicked() {
+            if widgets::icon_button(ui, "settings", tl!("Format Settings"), false, 24.0).clicked() {
                 let first = rows.first().and_then(|r| r["format"].as_str()).filter(|f| SETTINGS.iter().any(|(id, _)| id == f));
                 d.fields.insert("__settings".into(), json!(first.unwrap_or("png")));
             }
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ pub(crate) fn formats(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     let k = ((ui.available_width() - 66.0) / 262.0).clamp(0.6, 1.0);
     let (scale_w, suffix_w, format_w) = (96.0 * k, 70.0 * k, 96.0 * k);
     egui::Grid::new("efs-formats").num_columns(4).spacing([8.0, 6.0]).show(ui, |ui| {
-        for head in ["Scale", "Suffix", "Format", ""] {
+        for head in [tl!("Scale"), tl!("Suffix"), tl!("Format"), ""] {
             widgets::dim_label(ui, head);
         }
         ui.end_row();
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ pub(crate) fn formats(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
                 edited = true;
             }
             ui.add_enabled_ui(!one, |ui| {
-                if widgets::icon_button(ui, "x", "Remove", false, 22.0).clicked() {
+                if widgets::icon_button(ui, "x", tl!("Remove"), false, 22.0).clicked() {
                     remove = Some(i);
                 }
             });
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ pub(crate) fn formats(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
         rows.remove(i);
         edited = true;
     }
-    if widgets::secondary_button(ui, "+ Add Scale").clicked() {
+    if widgets::secondary_button(ui, tl!("+ Add Scale")).clicked() {
         // One more than the largest factor so far.
         let largest = rows
             .iter()
@@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ pub(crate) fn formats(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
 /// Format Settings: the options of format `id` that apply to every row of it, then Done.
 fn format_settings(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, id: &str) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Format Settings");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Format Settings"));
     ui.add_space(6.0);
     let at = SETTINGS.iter().position(|(f, _)| *f == id).unwrap_or(0);
     if let Some((f, _)) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "efs-settings-format", SETTINGS_LABELS[at], &SETTINGS_LABELS, 150.0).and_then(|i| SETTINGS.get(i)) {
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ fn format_settings(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, id: &str) {
             let labels: Vec<&str> =
                 d.fields.get("__presets").and_then(Value::as_array).map(|a| a.iter().filter_map(Value::as_str).collect()).unwrap_or_default();
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                ui.label(egui::RichText::new("PDF Preset:").color(t.text_dim));
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("PDF Preset:")).color(t.text_dim));
                 if let Some(p) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "efs-pdf-preset", &s.str("preset"), &labels, 220.0).and_then(|i| labels.get(i)) {
                     s.fields.insert("preset".into(), json!(p));
                 }
@@ -571,7 +571,7 @@ fn format_settings(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, id: &str) {
         all.insert(id.into(), Value::Object(s.fields));
     }
     ui.add_space(10.0);
-    if widgets::secondary_button(ui, "Done").clicked() {
+    if widgets::secondary_button(ui, tl!("Done")).clicked() {
         d.fields.insert("__settings".into(), json!(""));
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/eyedropper.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/eyedropper.rs
index 0b758da5a..1243d6d8a 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/eyedropper.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/eyedropper.rs
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
 /// The dialog kind of Eyedropper Options.
 pub const KIND: &str = "eyedropperOptions";
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Eyedropper Options".into(), body, confirm, min_width: 460.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Eyedropper Options").into(), body, confirm, min_width: 460.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// The raster sample sizes: (pixels square, label).
 const SAMPLE_SIZES: [(u64, &str); 3] = [(1, "Point Sample"), (3, "3 x 3 Average"), (5, "5 x 5 Average")];
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ fn set_all(v: &mut Value, on: bool) {
 /// One tree (`key`: `pickUp` or `apply`) of checkboxes; a branch's box sets everything under it.
 fn tree(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, title: &str) {
     ui.vertical(|ui| {
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(title).strong());
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(title)).strong());
         ui.add_space(4.0);
         let Some(t) = d.fields.get_mut(key) else { return };
         for (path, label, depth) in TREE {
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ fn body(_app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let size = d.fields.get("sampleSize").and_then(Value::as_u64).unwrap_or(1);
     let current = SAMPLE_SIZES.iter().find(|(n, _)| *n == size).map_or(SAMPLE_SIZES[0].1, |s| s.1);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Raster Sample Size:");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Raster Sample Size:"));
         let labels = SAMPLE_SIZES.map(|s| s.1);
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "eyedropper-sample", current, &labels, 150.0) {
             d.fields.insert("sampleSize".into(), json!(SAMPLE_SIZES[i].0));
@@ -98,9 +98,9 @@ fn body(_app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     });
     ui.add_space(10.0);
     ui.horizontal_top(|ui| {
-        tree(ui, d, "pickUp", "Eyedropper Picks Up:");
+        tree(ui, d, "pickUp", tl!("Eyedropper Picks Up:"));
         ui.add_space(24.0);
-        tree(ui, d, "apply", "Eyedropper Applies:");
+        tree(ui, d, "apply", tl!("Eyedropper Applies:"));
     });
     false
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/file_info.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/file_info.rs
index 18333521b..b0d8185bb 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/file_info.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/file_info.rs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ const PENDING: &str = "__keyword";
 const FIELD: f32 = 320.0;
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "File Info".into(), body, confirm, min_width: 500.0, max_width: Some(500.0), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("File Info").into(), body, confirm, min_width: 500.0, max_width: Some(500.0), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// Open File Info on the active document's.
 pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp) -> Result<Value, String> {
@@ -62,19 +62,19 @@ fn add_keywords(d: &mut Dialog) {
 
 fn body(_app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
-    for (key, label) in [("title", "Document Title:"), ("author", "Author:"), ("authorTitle", "Author Title:")] {
+    for (key, label) in [("title", tl!("Document Title:")), ("author", tl!("Author:")), ("authorTitle", tl!("Author Title:"))] {
         widgets::label_row(ui, label, LABEL, |ui| {
             form::text(ui, d, key, FIELD);
         });
         ui.add_space(4.0);
     }
-    top_row(ui, "Description:", |ui| {
+    top_row(ui, tl!("Description:"), |ui| {
         form::text_area(ui, d, "description", FIELD, 3);
     });
     ui.add_space(4.0);
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Rating:", LABEL, |ui| rating(ui, d));
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Rating:"), LABEL, |ui| rating(ui, d));
     ui.add_space(4.0);
-    top_row(ui, "Keywords:", |ui| {
+    top_row(ui, tl!("Keywords:"), |ui| {
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
             ui.set_max_width(FIELD + 12.0);
             chips(ui, d);
@@ -87,28 +87,28 @@ fn body(_app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
                     r.request_focus();
                 }
                 let typed = !d.str(PENDING).trim().is_empty();
-                if (widgets::flat_button(ui, "Add", 56.0).clicked() || enter) && typed {
+                if (widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Add"), 56.0).clicked() || enter) && typed {
                     add_keywords(d);
                 }
             });
-            form::caption(ui, "Separate several keywords with commas.");
+            form::caption(ui, tl!("Separate several keywords with commas."));
         });
     });
     ui.add_space(10.0);
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Copyright");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Copyright"));
     let statuses: Vec<(&str, &str)> = CopyrightStatus::ALL.iter().map(|c| (c.id(), c.label())).collect();
-    choice(ui, d, "copyrightStatus", "Copyright Status:", &statuses);
+    choice(ui, d, "copyrightStatus", tl!("Copyright Status:"), &statuses);
     ui.add_space(4.0);
-    top_row(ui, "Copyright Notice:", |ui| {
+    top_row(ui, tl!("Copyright Notice:"), |ui| {
         form::text_area(ui, d, "copyrightNotice", FIELD, 2);
     });
     ui.add_space(4.0);
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Copyright Info URL:", LABEL, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Copyright Info URL:"), LABEL, |ui| {
         form::text(ui, d, "copyrightUrl", FIELD);
     });
     ui.add_space(10.0);
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Dates");
-    for (key, label) in [("created", "Created:"), ("modified", "Modified:")] {
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Dates"));
+    for (key, label) in [("created", tl!("Created:")), ("modified", tl!("Modified:"))] {
         // ISO 8601 UTC from the engine, shown as "2026-10-05 14:03:00 UTC".
         let shown = d
             .fields
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ fn top_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, label: &str, add: impl FnOnce(&mut egui::Ui)) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     ui.horizontal_top(|ui| {
         let (r, _) = ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(LABEL, 24.0), egui::Sense::hover());
-        ui.painter().text(r.left_center(), egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER, label, egui::FontId::proportional(12.5), t.text);
+        ui.painter().text(r.left_center(), egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER, tl!(label), egui::FontId::proportional(12.5), t.text);
         add(ui);
     });
 }
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ fn rating(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
             t.text_dim
         };
         icons::paint(ui, "star", rect.shrink(2.0), tint);
-        let resp = resp.on_hover_text(if i == 1 { "1 star".to_string() } else { format!("{i} stars") });
+        let resp = resp.on_hover_text(crate::i18n::tn(u64::from(i), "{n} star", "{n} stars"));
         if resp.clicked() {
             d.fields.insert("rating".into(), json!(if i == current { 0 } else { i }));
         }
@@ -173,7 +173,9 @@ fn chips(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
             ui.painter().rect_stroke(rect, egui::CornerRadius::same(11), egui::Stroke::new(1.0, t.input_border), egui::StrokeKind::Inside);
             ui.painter().galley(egui::pos2(rect.left() + 9.0, rect.center().y - galley.size().y / 2.0), galley, t.text_strong);
             let x = egui::Rect::from_center_size(egui::pos2(rect.right() - 11.0, rect.center().y), egui::vec2(14.0, 14.0));
-            let resp = ui.interact(x, ui.id().with(("keyword-remove", i)), egui::Sense::click()).on_hover_text(format!("Remove “{k}”"));
+            let resp = ui
+                .interact(x, ui.id().with(("keyword-remove", i)), egui::Sense::click())
+                .on_hover_text(crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Remove “{keyword}”"), &[("keyword", k.as_str())]));
             icons::paint(ui, "x", x.shrink(2.0), if resp.hovered() { t.text_strong } else { t.text_dim });
             if resp.clicked() {
                 remove = Some(i);
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/flatten.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/flatten.rs
index 923f13b7f..c30b267d6 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/flatten.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/flatten.rs
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ const PRESET_NAME: &str = "__presetName";
 const CUSTOM: &str = "[Custom]";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Flatten Transparency".into(), body, confirm, preview: true, min_width: 420.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Flatten Transparency").into(), body, confirm, preview: true, min_width: 420.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// Open Flatten Transparency for the selection with the default preset.
 pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp) {
@@ -86,12 +86,12 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let current = options(d, saved);
     let presets = app.session.flattener_presets();
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Preset:");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Preset:"));
         if let Some(p) = preset_dropdown(ui, "flatten-preset", &presets, &d.str("preset"), current.as_ref().ok(), 220.0) {
             put_options(&mut d.fields, &p.options);
             applied(d, &p.name);
         }
-        if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Save Preset…", 100.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Save Preset…"), 100.0).clicked() {
             let open = !d.bool(SAVING);
             d.fields.insert(SAVING.into(), json!(open));
             d.fields.insert(PRESET_NAME.into(), json!(app.session.new_preset_name()));
@@ -118,22 +118,22 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
 fn save_row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     ui.add_space(6.0);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Name:");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Name:"));
         let r = form::text_edit(ui, d, PRESET_NAME, 180.0);
         // Enter saves the preset instead of flattening.
         let enter = r.lost_focus() && ui.input_mut(|i| i.consume_key(egui::Modifiers::NONE, egui::Key::Enter));
-        if (widgets::flat_button(ui, "Save", 60.0).clicked() || enter)
+        if (widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Save"), 60.0).clicked() || enter)
             && let Err(e) = save_preset(app, d)
         {
             app.status(e);
         }
-        if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Cancel", 60.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Cancel"), 60.0).clicked() {
             d.fields.insert(SAVING.into(), json!(false));
         }
     });
     let name = d.str(PRESET_NAME);
     if app.session.prefs.flattener_presets.iter().any(|p| p.name.eq_ignore_ascii_case(name.trim())) {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Replaces the saved preset of that name.");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Replaces the saved preset of that name."));
     }
 }
 
@@ -177,25 +177,25 @@ pub(crate) fn options_editor(ui: &mut egui::Ui, id: &str, o: &mut FlattenOptions
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let before = o.clone();
     let dim = |ui: &mut egui::Ui, s: &str| {
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(s).color(t.text_dim).size(11.5));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(s)).color(t.text_dim).size(11.5));
     };
     ui.add_enabled_ui(enabled, |ui| {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Raster/Vector Balance:");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Raster/Vector Balance:"));
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
             ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.x = 6.0;
-            dim(ui, "Rasters");
+            dim(ui, tl!("Rasters"));
             let rail = (ui.available_width() - FIELD - 56.0).clamp(80.0, 200.0);
             if let (Some(x), _) = widgets::color_slider(ui, (id, "balance-slider"), (o.balance / 100.0) as f32, rail, &|_| t.input_border) {
                 o.balance = (x as f64 * 100.0).round();
             }
-            dim(ui, "Vectors");
+            dim(ui, tl!("Vectors"));
             if let Some(v) = widgets::plain_field(ui, (id, "balance"), o.balance, "", 0, FIELD - 12.0) {
                 o.balance = v.round().clamp(0.0, 100.0);
             }
         });
         ui.add_space(4.0);
         egui::Grid::new((id, "resolutions")).num_columns(2).spacing([8.0, 4.0]).show(ui, |ui| {
-            for (label, key) in [("Line Art and Text Resolution:", 0), ("Gradient and Mesh Resolution:", 1)] {
+            for (label, key) in [(tl!("Line Art and Text Resolution:"), 0), (tl!("Gradient and Mesh Resolution:"), 1)] {
                 widgets::dim_label(ui, label);
                 ui.horizontal(|ui| {
                     let v = if key == 0 { &mut o.line_art_ppi } else { &mut o.gradient_ppi };
@@ -209,12 +209,12 @@ pub(crate) fn options_editor(ui: &mut egui::Ui, id: &str, o: &mut FlattenOptions
         });
         ui.add_space(4.0);
         let switches: [(&str, &mut bool); 6] = [
-            ("Convert All Text to Outlines", &mut o.text_to_outlines),
-            ("Convert All Strokes to Outlines", &mut o.strokes_to_outlines),
-            ("Clip Complex Regions", &mut o.clip_complex_regions),
-            ("Anti-alias Rasters", &mut o.anti_alias),
-            ("Preserve Alpha Transparency", &mut o.preserve_alpha),
-            ("Preserve Overprints and Spot Colors", &mut o.preserve_overprints),
+            (tl!("Convert All Text to Outlines"), &mut o.text_to_outlines),
+            (tl!("Convert All Strokes to Outlines"), &mut o.strokes_to_outlines),
+            (tl!("Clip Complex Regions"), &mut o.clip_complex_regions),
+            (tl!("Anti-alias Rasters"), &mut o.anti_alias),
+            (tl!("Preserve Alpha Transparency"), &mut o.preserve_alpha),
+            (tl!("Preserve Overprints and Spot Colors"), &mut o.preserve_overprints),
         ];
         for (label, v) in switches {
             if widgets::check(ui, label, *v, enabled) {
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/flattener_presets.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/flattener_presets.rs
index 7f26852bc..909f3bf7c 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/flattener_presets.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/flattener_presets.rs
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ pub const KIND: &str = "flattenerPresets";
 const SHOWN: &str = "__shown";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
-    heading: |_| "Transparency Flattener Presets".into(),
+    heading: |_| tl!("Transparency Flattener Presets").into(),
     body,
     confirm: |app, _| {
         app.ui.dialog = None;
@@ -67,13 +67,13 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     ui.horizontal_top(|ui| {
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
             ui.set_width(232.0);
-            widgets::dim_label(ui, "Presets:");
+            widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Presets:"));
             widgets::list_box(ui, |ui| {
                 egui::ScrollArea::vertical().id_salt("flattener-presets").min_scrolled_height(250.0).max_height(250.0).show(ui, |ui| {
                     ui.set_width(ui.available_width());
                     ui.set_min_height(250.0);
                     for (k, p) in presets.iter().enumerate() {
-                        let label = if k < builtins { format!("[{}]", p.name) } else { p.name.clone() };
+                        let label = if k < builtins { format!("[{}]", tl!(&p.name)) } else { p.name.clone() };
                         if ui.selectable_label(k == i, label).clicked() {
                             act = Some(Action::Select(p.name.clone()));
                         }
@@ -83,16 +83,16 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
             ui.add_space(6.0);
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
                 ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.x = 4.0;
-                if widgets::flat_button(ui, "New", 44.0).on_hover_text("A saved copy of the selected preset").clicked() {
+                if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("New"), 44.0).on_hover_text(tl!("A saved copy of the selected preset")).clicked() {
                     act = Some(Action::New);
                 }
-                if ui.add_enabled_ui(!builtin, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, "Delete", 52.0)).inner.clicked() {
+                if ui.add_enabled_ui(!builtin, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Delete"), 52.0)).inner.clicked() {
                     act = Some(Action::Delete);
                 }
-                if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Import…", 62.0).clicked() {
+                if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Import…"), 62.0).clicked() {
                     act = Some(Action::Import);
                 }
-                if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Export…", 62.0).on_hover_text("Save the selected preset to a file").clicked() {
+                if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Export…"), 62.0).on_hover_text(tl!("Save the selected preset to a file")).clicked() {
                     act = Some(Action::Export);
                 }
             });
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         ui.add_space(18.0);
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                widgets::dim_label(ui, "Name:");
+                widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Name:"));
                 if builtin {
                     ui.label(egui::RichText::new(&preset.name).color(t.text_strong));
                 } else {
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
             }
             if builtin {
                 ui.add_space(6.0);
-                ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Built-in presets don't change: New makes a copy you can edit.").color(t.text_dim).size(11.5));
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Built-in presets don't change: New makes a copy you can edit.")).color(t.text_dim).size(11.5));
             }
         });
     });
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/form.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/form.rs
index b77483a29..16a4c8948 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/form.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/form.rs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ pub(super) fn field(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, label: &str) {
 /// [`field`] `width` points wide.
 pub(super) fn field_w(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, label: &str, width: f32) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
-    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(label).color(t.text_dim));
+    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(label)).color(t.text_dim));
     text(ui, d, key, width);
     ui.end_row();
 }
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ pub(super) fn field_w(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, label: &str,
 /// A labelled [`length`] field (one grid row).
 pub(super) fn length_field(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, label: &str, unit: Unit) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
-    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(label).color(t.text_dim));
+    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(label)).color(t.text_dim));
     length(ui, d, key, unit, FIELD_W);
     ui.end_row();
 }
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ pub(super) fn text_area(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, width: f32
 /// A checkbox bound to `d.fields[key]`.
 pub(super) fn check(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, label: &str) {
     let mut b = d.bool(key);
-    if ui.checkbox(&mut b, label).changed() {
+    if ui.checkbox(&mut b, tl!(label)).changed() {
         d.fields.insert(key.into(), Value::Bool(b));
     }
 }
@@ -130,9 +130,9 @@ pub(super) fn grid(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, unit: Unit) {
                 continue;
             }
             if lengths.contains(&k.as_str()) {
-                length_field(ui, d, &k, &humanize(&k), unit);
+                length_field(ui, d, &k, &humanized(&k), unit);
             } else {
-                field(ui, d, &k, &humanize(&k));
+                field(ui, d, &k, &humanized(&k));
             }
         }
     });
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ pub(super) fn param_fields(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, is_length: &dyn Fn
         let keys: Vec<(String, Value)> =
             d.fields.iter().filter(|(k, _)| !k.starts_with("__") && k.as_str() != "preview").map(|(k, v)| (k.clone(), v.clone())).collect();
         for (k, v) in keys {
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(humanize(&k)).color(t.text));
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(humanized(&k)).color(t.text));
             if let Some(cur) = crate::widgets::blend_param(&k, &v) {
                 if let Some(m) = crate::widgets::blend_param_dropdown(ui, ("fx-blend", &k), cur) {
                     d.fields.insert(k, m);
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ pub(super) fn schema_fields(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, specs: &[(String,
     let mut changed = false;
     egui::Grid::new("plugin-grid").num_columns(2).spacing([12.0, 8.0]).show(ui, |ui| {
         for (k, spec) in specs {
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(humanize(k)).color(t.text));
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(humanized(k)).color(t.text));
             let cur = d.fields.get(k).cloned().unwrap_or_else(|| spec.default_value());
             let new = match spec {
                 ParamSpec::Number { min, max, .. } => {
@@ -272,6 +272,15 @@ pub(super) fn humanize(k: &str) -> String {
     }
 }
 
+/// [`humanize`] translated where it is painted: the ":" stays outside the translated text.
+fn humanized(k: &str) -> String {
+    let h = humanize(k);
+    match h.strip_suffix(':') {
+        Some(base) => format!("{}:", tl!(base)),
+        None => tl!(&h).to_string(),
+    }
+}
+
 /// Widths of [`slider`]'s label column and rail.
 pub(super) const SLIDER_LABEL: f32 = 64.0;
 pub(super) const SLIDER_WIDTH: f32 = 180.0;
@@ -304,7 +313,7 @@ pub(super) fn slider_w(
     let v = d.f64(key, 0.0).clamp(min, max);
     let mut new = None;
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        ui.add_sized([label_w, 22.0], egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(label).color(t.text)));
+        ui.add_sized([label_w, 22.0], egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(tl!(label)).color(t.text)));
         if let (Some(x), _) = crate::widgets::color_slider(ui, ("dlg-slider", key), ((v - min) / (max - min)) as f32, SLIDER_WIDTH, track) {
             new = Some((min + x as f64 * (max - min)).round());
         }
@@ -327,7 +336,7 @@ pub(super) fn preview(app: &mut crate::VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mu
     const LAST: &str = PREVIEWED;
     ui.add_space(8.0);
     let mut on = d.bool("preview");
-    if crate::widgets::check(ui, "Preview", on, true) {
+    if crate::widgets::check(ui, tl!("Preview"), on, true) {
         on = !on;
         d.fields.insert("preview".into(), json!(on));
     }
@@ -386,7 +395,7 @@ pub(super) fn bleed(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, unit: vectorcraft_doc::Un
         ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.x = 6.0;
         for (i, side) in ["Top", "Bottom", "Left", "Right"].into_iter().enumerate() {
             ui.vertical(|ui| {
-                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(side).size(11.0).color(t.text_dim));
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(side)).size(11.0).color(t.text_dim));
                 if let Some(v) = crate::widgets::num_field(ui, ("bleed", i), Some(b[i]), unit, width) {
                     changed = Some((i, v.clamp(0.0, vectorcraft_doc::setup::MAX_BLEED)));
                 }
@@ -394,7 +403,7 @@ pub(super) fn bleed(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, unit: vectorcraft_doc::Un
         }
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
             ui.add_space(15.0);
-            let tip = if linked { "Make the bleed values differ" } else { "Make all bleed settings the same" };
+            let tip = if linked { tl!("Make the bleed values differ") } else { tl!("Make all bleed settings the same") };
             if crate::widgets::icon_button(ui, if linked { "link" } else { "link-2-off" }, tip, linked, 24.0).clicked() {
                 d.fields.insert("bleedLinked".into(), json!(!linked));
                 if !linked {
@@ -418,5 +427,5 @@ pub(super) fn bleed(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, unit: vectorcraft_doc::Un
 /// A small grey caption above a field (New Document's details column).
 pub(super) fn caption(ui: &mut egui::Ui, text: &str) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
-    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(text).size(11.0).color(t.text_dim));
+    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(text)).size(11.0).color(t.text_dim));
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/gradient_stop.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/gradient_stop.rs
index 319e7a57a..4d102f339 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/gradient_stop.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/gradient_stop.rs
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
             egui::Frame::popup(&ctx.global_style()).fill(t.panel).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(10)).show(ui, |ui| {
                 ui.set_width(250.0);
                 ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    for (icon, tip, on) in [("palette", "Color", !swatches), ("swatch-book", "Swatches", swatches)] {
+                    for (icon, tip, on) in [("palette", tl!("Color"), !swatches), ("swatch-book", tl!("Swatches"), swatches)] {
                         if widgets::icon_button(ui, icon, tip, on, 24.0).clicked() {
                             tab = Some(if icon == "palette" { "color" } else { "swatches" });
                         }
@@ -115,13 +115,13 @@ fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                 }
                 ui.add_space(6.0);
                 ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    widgets::dim_label(ui, "Opacity:");
+                    widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Opacity:"));
                     if let Some(v) = widgets::plain_field(ui, "stop-pop-op", target.opacity() as f64 * 100.0, "%", 0, 54.0) {
                         apply(app, &target, &json!({ "opacity": v }));
                     }
                     let (label, key, value) = match &target {
-                        Target::Stop(stops, i) => ("Location:", "location", stops[*i].offset),
-                        Target::Point(p, _) => ("Spread:", "spread", p.spread),
+                        Target::Stop(stops, i) => (tl!("Location:"), "location", stops[*i].offset),
+                        Target::Point(p, _) => (tl!("Spread:"), "spread", p.spread),
                     };
                     widgets::dim_label(ui, label);
                     if let Some(v) = widgets::plain_field(ui, ("stop-pop", key), value as f64 * 100.0, "%", 1, 54.0) {
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
 fn swatch_grid(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, target: &Target) {
     let colors = swatch_colors(app);
     if colors.is_empty() {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "The document has no colour swatches.");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("The document has no colour swatches."));
         return;
     }
     let current = target.color();
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/graphic_style_options.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/graphic_style_options.rs
index 0691a7d82..48aeeaee2 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/graphic_style_options.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/graphic_style_options.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@ use crate::state::Dialog;
 /// The dialog kind of Graphic Style Options.
 pub const KIND: &str = "graphicStyleOptions";
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Graphic Style Options".into(), body, confirm, min_width: 320.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Graphic Style Options").into(), body, confirm, min_width: 320.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// Open Graphic Style Options for style `name`, or (`None`) to name a new style from the selection.
 pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, name: Option<&str>) -> Result<Value, String> {
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ pub fn open_merge(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, names: Vec<String>) -> Result<Value,
 
 fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     grid(ui, |ui| {
-        label(ui, "Style Name:");
+        label(ui, tl!("Style Name:"));
         form::text(ui, d, "name", 190.0);
         ui.end_row();
     });
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/halftone.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/halftone.rs
index c28cd6b11..02a1364bf 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/halftone.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/halftone.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ const CMD: &str = "object.vectorHalftone";
 /// Width of the label column.
 const LABEL_W: f32 = 84.0;
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Vector Halftone".into(), body, confirm, preview: true, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Vector Halftone").into(), body, confirm, preview: true, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// The dialog's fields as it opens: the command's defaults, previewed.
 pub fn fields() -> Value {
@@ -29,18 +29,19 @@ pub fn fields() -> Value {
 }
 
 fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
-    let shapes = [("circle", "Circle"), ("ellipse", "Ellipse"), ("square", "Square"), ("diamond", "Diamond"), ("line", "Line")];
-    form::choice(ui, d, "shape", "Shape", (LABEL_W, 140.0), &shapes);
-    form::slider_w(ui, d, ("frequency", "Frequency", LABEL_W), 1.0..=150.0, " lpi", &|x| c32(&Color::gray(1.0 - x)));
-    form::slider_w(ui, d, ("angle", "Angle", LABEL_W), -90.0..=90.0, "°", &|x| c32(&Color::gray(0.2 + 0.6 * x)));
-    form::choice(ui, d, "mode", "Screens", (LABEL_W, 140.0), &[("mono", "Mono"), ("cmyk", "CMYK")]);
+    let shapes =
+        [("circle", tl!("Circle")), ("ellipse", tl!("Ellipse")), ("square", tl!("Square")), ("diamond", tl!("Diamond")), ("line", tl!("Line"))];
+    form::choice(ui, d, "shape", tl!("Shape"), (LABEL_W, 140.0), &shapes);
+    form::slider_w(ui, d, ("frequency", tl!("Frequency"), LABEL_W), 1.0..=150.0, " lpi", &|x| c32(&Color::gray(1.0 - x)));
+    form::slider_w(ui, d, ("angle", tl!("Angle"), LABEL_W), -90.0..=90.0, "°", &|x| c32(&Color::gray(0.2 + 0.6 * x)));
+    form::choice(ui, d, "mode", tl!("Screens"), (LABEL_W, 140.0), &[("mono", tl!("Mono")), ("cmyk", tl!("CMYK"))]);
     if d.str("mode") != "cmyk" {
-        widgets::label_row(ui, "Color", LABEL_W, |ui| {
+        widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Color"), LABEL_W, |ui| {
             form::text(ui, d, "color", 120.0);
         });
     }
     ui.add_space(4.0);
-    for (key, label) in [("invert", "Invert"), ("clip", "Clip to Art"), ("keepOriginal", "Keep Original")] {
+    for (key, label) in [("invert", tl!("Invert")), ("clip", tl!("Clip to Art")), ("keepOriginal", tl!("Keep Original"))] {
         form::check(ui, d, key, label);
     }
     let p = form::params(d);
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/import_pdf.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/import_pdf.rs
index e5cc74d4d..34d151cc9 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/import_pdf.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/import_pdf.rs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, io, widgets};
 pub(super) const KIND: &str = "importPdf";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |d| if d.str("mode") == "place" { "Place PDF" } else { "Import PDF" }.into(), body, confirm, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |d| if d.str("mode") == "place" { tl!("Place PDF") } else { tl!("Import PDF") }.into(), body, confirm, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// The longest side of the page preview (pt).
 const PREVIEW: f32 = 200.0;
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     if d.bool("__locked") {
         let name = d.str("name");
         let file = std::path::Path::new(&name).file_name().map_or(name.clone(), |f| f.to_string_lossy().into_owned());
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(format!("“{file}” is protected by a password.")).color(t.text));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("“{file}” is protected by a password."), &[("file", &file)])).color(t.text));
         ui.add_space(8.0);
         password_row(ui, d);
         return false;
@@ -240,16 +240,16 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
                     widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, icon, tip, false, enabled, 22.0).clicked().then_some(to)
                 };
                 let go = [
-                    nav(ui, "chevrons-left", "First Page", 1, current > 1),
-                    nav(ui, "chevron-left", "Previous Page", current.saturating_sub(1).max(1), current > 1),
+                    nav(ui, "chevrons-left", tl!("First Page"), 1, current > 1),
+                    nav(ui, "chevron-left", tl!("Previous Page"), current.saturating_sub(1).max(1), current > 1),
                 ];
                 if let Some(v) = widgets::plain_field(ui, "pdf-page", current as f64, "", 0, 40.0) {
                     current = (v.max(1.0) as usize).min(count.max(1));
                 }
-                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(format!("of {count}")).color(t.text_dim));
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("of {count}"), &[("count", &count.to_string())])).color(t.text_dim));
                 let go2 = [
-                    nav(ui, "chevron-right", "Next Page", (current + 1).min(count), current < count),
-                    nav(ui, "chevrons-right", "Last Page", count, current < count),
+                    nav(ui, "chevron-right", tl!("Next Page"), (current + 1).min(count), current < count),
+                    nav(ui, "chevrons-right", tl!("Last Page"), count, current < count),
                 ];
                 if let Some(to) = go.into_iter().chain(go2).flatten().next() {
                     current = to;
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         });
         ui.add_space(14.0);
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
-            widgets::label_row(ui, "Crop To", LABEL_WIDTH, |ui| {
+            widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Crop To"), LABEL_WIDTH, |ui| {
                 if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "pdf-crop", crop(d).label(), CropTo::LABELS, 130.0)
                     && let Some(id) = CropTo::IDS.get(i)
                 {
@@ -267,20 +267,20 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
             });
             if d.str("mode") != "place" {
                 ui.add_space(10.0);
-                ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Pages").color(t.text));
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Pages")).color(t.text));
                 let all = d.bool("allPages");
-                if widgets::radio(ui, "All", all, true) {
+                if widgets::radio(ui, tl!("All"), all, true) {
                     d.fields.insert("allPages".into(), json!(true));
                 }
                 ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    if widgets::radio(ui, "Range:", !all, true) {
+                    if widgets::radio(ui, tl!("Range:"), !all, true) {
                         d.fields.insert("allPages".into(), json!(false));
                     }
                     if super::form::text_edit(ui, d, "range", 90.0).gained_focus() {
                         d.fields.insert("allPages".into(), json!(false));
                     }
                 });
-                widgets::dim_label(ui, "e.g. 1-3, 5");
+                widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("e.g. 1-3, 5"));
             }
         });
     });
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
 }
 
 fn password_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Password", LABEL_WIDTH, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Password"), LABEL_WIDTH, |ui| {
         let mut s = d.str("password");
         let r = ui.add(egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut s).password(true).desired_width(180.0));
         if r.changed() {
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/liquify.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/liquify.rs
index 630ae81cb..cc2f841bb 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/liquify.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/liquify.rs
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ fn kind(d: &Dialog) -> LiquifyKind {
 }
 
 fn heading(d: &Dialog) -> String {
-    format!("{} Tool Options", kind(d).label())
+    crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("{tool} Tool Options"), &[("tool", tl!(kind(d).label()))])
 }
 
 /// Open the options of Liquify tool `tool` with its current values.
@@ -79,58 +79,60 @@ fn slider(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, (key, label): (&str, &str), range:
 fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let k = kind(d);
     let unit = app.session.general_unit();
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Global Brush Dimensions");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Global Brush Dimensions"));
     ui.add_space(4.0);
-    for (key, label) in [("width", "Width:"), ("height", "Height:")] {
+    for (key, label) in [("width", tl!("Width:")), ("height", tl!("Height:"))] {
         widgets::label_row(ui, label, LABEL_W, |ui| {
             form::length(ui, d, key, unit, 110.0);
         });
     }
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Angle:", LABEL_W, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Angle:"), LABEL_W, |ui| {
         if let Some(v) = widgets::plain_field(ui, "lq-angle", d.f64("angle", 0.0), "°", 1, 110.0) {
             d.fields.insert("angle".into(), json!(v.clamp(-360.0, 360.0)));
         }
     });
     let pressure = d.bool("usePressure");
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Intensity:", LABEL_W, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Intensity:"), LABEL_W, |ui| {
         ui.add_enabled_ui(!pressure, |ui| {
             if let Some(v) = widgets::plain_field(ui, "lq-intensity", d.f64("intensity", 50.0), "%", 0, 110.0) {
                 d.fields.insert("intensity".into(), json!(v.clamp(1.0, 100.0)));
             }
         });
     });
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "", LABEL_W, |ui| check(ui, d, "usePressure", "Use Pressure Pen"));
+    widgets::label_row(ui, "", LABEL_W, |ui| check(ui, d, "usePressure", tl!("Use Pressure Pen")));
     ui.add_space(10.0);
-    widgets::subheader(ui, &format!("{} Options", k.label()));
+    widgets::subheader(ui, &crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("{tool} Options"), &[("tool", tl!(k.label()))]));
     ui.add_space(4.0);
     if k == LiquifyKind::Twirl {
-        slider(ui, d, ("rate", "Twirl Rate:"), -180.0..=180.0, "°");
+        slider(ui, d, ("rate", tl!("Twirl Rate:")), -180.0..=180.0, "°");
     }
     if k == LiquifyKind::Wrinkle {
-        slider(ui, d, ("horizontal", "Horizontal:"), 0.0..=100.0, "%");
-        slider(ui, d, ("vertical", "Vertical:"), 0.0..=100.0, "%");
+        slider(ui, d, ("horizontal", tl!("Horizontal:")), 0.0..=100.0, "%");
+        slider(ui, d, ("vertical", tl!("Vertical:")), 0.0..=100.0, "%");
     }
     if k.has_affects() {
-        slider(ui, d, ("complexity", "Complexity:"), 0.0..=15.0, "");
+        slider(ui, d, ("complexity", tl!("Complexity:")), 0.0..=15.0, "");
     }
-    slider(ui, d, ("detail", "Detail:"), 1.0..=10.0, "");
+    slider(ui, d, ("detail", tl!("Detail:")), 1.0..=10.0, "");
     if k.simplifies() {
-        widgets::label_row(ui, "", LABEL_W, |ui| check(ui, d, "simplifyOn", "Simplify"));
+        widgets::label_row(ui, "", LABEL_W, |ui| check(ui, d, "simplifyOn", tl!("Simplify")));
         let on = d.bool("simplifyOn");
-        ui.add_enabled_ui(on, |ui| slider(ui, d, ("simplify", "Simplify:"), 1.0..=100.0, ""));
+        ui.add_enabled_ui(on, |ui| slider(ui, d, ("simplify", tl!("Simplify:")), 1.0..=100.0, ""));
     } else {
         ui.add_space(4.0);
-        widgets::label_row(ui, "Brush Affects:", LABEL_W, |ui| {
+        widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Brush Affects:"), LABEL_W, |ui| {
             ui.vertical(|ui| {
-                for (key, label) in [("affectAnchors", "Anchor Points"), ("affectIn", "In Tangent Handles"), ("affectOut", "Out Tangent Handles")] {
+                for (key, label) in
+                    [("affectAnchors", tl!("Anchor Points")), ("affectIn", tl!("In Tangent Handles")), ("affectOut", tl!("Out Tangent Handles"))]
+                {
                     check(ui, d, key, label);
                 }
             });
         });
     }
     ui.add_space(10.0);
-    check(ui, d, "showBrush", "Show Brush Size");
-    let hint = format!("{} with the tool sizes the brush", crate::menus::pretty_shortcut("Alt+Drag"));
+    check(ui, d, "showBrush", tl!("Show Brush Size"));
+    let hint = crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("{shortcut} with the tool sizes the brush"), &[("shortcut", crate::menus::pretty_shortcut("Alt+Drag").as_str())]);
     ui.label(egui::RichText::new(hint).size(11.5).color(Tokens::get(ui.ctx()).text_dim));
     false
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/missing_links.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/missing_links.rs
index c564ab9d2..c436e3be4 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/missing_links.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/missing_links.rs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
 pub const KIND: &str = "missingLinks";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
-    heading: |_| "Linked File Not Found".into(),
+    heading: |_| tl!("Linked File Not Found").into(),
     body,
     confirm,
     ok: Some("Replace…"),
@@ -62,8 +62,11 @@ fn ask_update(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ids: Vec<Value>) {
         app.status(format!("{} linked image(s) changed on disk: Update Links shows the new versions", ids.len()));
         return;
     }
-    let detail = format!("{} linked image(s) changed since this document was saved. Show the new versions?", ids.len());
-    super::confirm::ask(app, "Update Modified Links", &detail, "links.update", json!({ "ids": ids }));
+    let detail = crate::i18n::fmt(
+        tl!("{count} linked image(s) changed since this document was saved. Show the new versions?"),
+        &[("count", &ids.len().to_string())],
+    );
+    super::confirm::ask(app, tl!("Update Modified Links"), &detail, "links.update", json!({ "ids": ids }));
 }
 
 fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
@@ -86,11 +89,11 @@ fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         });
     });
     ui.add_space(8.0);
-    widgets::dim_label(ui, "Replace it with another file, or ignore it: its images keep showing the preview saved with the document.");
+    widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Replace it with another file, or ignore it: its images keep showing the preview saved with the document."));
     if rest > 0 {
         ui.add_space(10.0);
         let all = d.bool("applyToAll");
-        let label = format!("Apply to All ({} more missing)", rest);
+        let label = crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Apply to All ({count} more missing)"), &[("count", &rest.to_string())]);
         if widgets::check(ui, &label, all, true) {
             d.fields.insert("applyToAll".into(), json!(!all));
         }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/mod.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/mod.rs
index 468c40ce1..9a9736024 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/mod.rs
@@ -173,6 +173,9 @@ macro_rules! registry {
                 }
             }
 
+            /// Every variant, in registry order.
+            pub const ALL: &[DialogKind] = &[$(Self::$variant,)+];
+
             fn spec(self) -> &'static DialogSpec {
                 match self {
                     $(Self::$variant => {
@@ -265,6 +268,19 @@ registry! {
     PerspectivePlane: [perspective_plane::KIND] => perspective_plane::SPEC,
 }
 
+/// The button labels the shared dialog frame can show (OK, discard and the fixed Cancel/Close),
+/// so the catalog tests can insist they are translated.
+pub fn button_labels() -> Vec<&'static str> {
+    let mut v = vec!["Cancel", "Close"];
+    for spec in std::iter::once(&DialogSpec::FORM).chain(DialogKind::ALL.iter().map(|k| k.spec())) {
+        v.extend(spec.ok);
+        v.extend(spec.discard);
+    }
+    v.sort_unstable();
+    v.dedup();
+    v
+}
+
 /// The spec for a `Dialog::kind` ([`DialogSpec::FORM`] when unregistered).
 fn spec(kind: &str) -> &'static DialogSpec {
     static FALLBACK: DialogSpec = DialogSpec::FORM;
@@ -324,7 +340,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
             let room = (ctx.content_rect().width() - 2.0 * (f32::from(MARGIN) + EDGE_GAP)).max(EDGE_GAP);
             ui.set_min_width(spec.min_width.min(room));
             ui.set_max_width(spec.max_width.map_or(room, |w| w.min(room)));
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(heading.as_str()).font(theme::semibold(16.0)).color(t.text));
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(heading.as_str())).font(theme::semibold(16.0)).color(t.text));
             ui.add_space(12.0);
             cancel = (spec.body)(app, ui, &mut d);
             ui.add_space(16.0);
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/new_color_group.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/new_color_group.rs
index fd4762596..063f84ce5 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/new_color_group.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/new_color_group.rs
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
 /// The dialog kind of New Color Group.
 pub const KIND: &str = "newColorGroup";
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| "New Color Group".into(), body, confirm, min_width: 320.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("New Color Group").into(), body, confirm, min_width: 320.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// Open New Color Group for the swatches selected in the panel. It starts from the artwork when
 /// art is selected and no swatches are.
@@ -40,20 +40,20 @@ fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         d.fields.insert(key.into(), json!(v));
     };
     grid(ui, |ui| {
-        label(ui, "Name:");
+        label(ui, tl!("Name:"));
         form::text(ui, d, "name", 190.0);
         ui.end_row();
-        label(ui, "Create From:");
-        if widgets::radio(ui, "Selected Swatches", !art, true) {
+        label(ui, tl!("Create From:"));
+        if widgets::radio(ui, tl!("Selected Swatches"), !art, true) {
             set(d, "fromArtwork", false);
         }
         ui.end_row();
         ui.label("");
-        if widgets::radio(ui, "Selected Artwork", art, d.bool("__art")) {
+        if widgets::radio(ui, tl!("Selected Artwork"), art, d.bool("__art")) {
             set(d, "fromArtwork", true);
         }
         ui.end_row();
-        for (key, text) in [("toGlobal", "Convert Process to Global"), ("includeTints", "Include Swatches for Tints")] {
+        for (key, text) in [("toGlobal", tl!("Convert Process to Global")), ("includeTints", tl!("Include Swatches for Tints"))] {
             ui.label("");
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
                 ui.add_space(18.0);
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/new_document.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/new_document.rs
index 47150f0ae..8c2afb420 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/new_document.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/new_document.rs
@@ -225,16 +225,16 @@ fn presets(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     let list = names.get(cat).and_then(|c| newdoc::category(&app.session, c)).unwrap_or_default();
     ui.add_space(14.0);
     let heading = if cat == 0 {
-        "RECENT"
+        tl!("RECENT")
     } else if cat == 1 {
-        "SAVED"
+        tl!("SAVED")
     } else {
-        "BLANK DOCUMENT PRESETS"
+        tl!("BLANK DOCUMENT PRESETS")
     };
     ui.label(egui::RichText::new(format!("{heading} ({})", list.len())).font(theme::semibold(11.0)).color(t.text_dim));
     ui.add_space(10.0);
     if list.is_empty() {
-        let hint = if cat == 1 { "Presets you save with the Save Preset button appear here." } else { "Documents you create appear here." };
+        let hint = if cat == 1 { tl!("Presets you save with the Save Preset button appear here.") } else { tl!("Documents you create appear here.") };
         ui.label(egui::RichText::new(hint).color(t.text_dim));
         return;
     }
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ pub fn preset_card(ui: &mut egui::Ui, s: &DocSettings, selected: bool) -> egui::
     p.rect_filled(page, 0.0, egui::Color32::WHITE);
     // The name on up to two lines, then the size.
     let mut job = egui::text::LayoutJob::single_section(
-        s.name.clone(),
+        tl!(&s.name).to_string(),
         egui::TextFormat { font_id: theme::semibold(11.5), color: t.text_strong, ..Default::default() },
     );
     job.halign = egui::Align::Center;
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ pub fn preset_card(ui: &mut egui::Ui, s: &DocSettings, selected: bool) -> egui::
     let name_h = name.size().y;
     p.galley(egui::pos2(r.center().x, r.top() + 94.0), name, t.text_strong);
     p.text(egui::pos2(r.center().x, r.top() + 98.0 + name_h), egui::Align2::CENTER_TOP, s.size_label(), egui::FontId::proportional(11.0), t.text_dim);
-    resp.on_hover_text(&s.name)
+    resp.on_hover_text(tl!(&s.name))
 }
 
 /// The Preset Details column.
@@ -288,11 +288,11 @@ fn details(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, b: &mut
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing = egui::vec2(6.0, 4.0);
     let top = ui.cursor().top();
-    ui.label(egui::RichText::new("PRESET DETAILS").font(theme::semibold(11.0)).color(t.text_dim));
+    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("PRESET DETAILS")).font(theme::semibold(11.0)).color(t.text_dim));
     ui.add_space(8.0);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         form::text(ui, d, "name", DETAILS - 50.0);
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "save", "Save Preset", d.bool(SAVING), 26.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "save", tl!("Save Preset"), d.bool(SAVING), 26.0).clicked() {
             let saving = !d.bool(SAVING);
             d.fields.insert(SAVING.into(), json!(saving));
             if saving && d.str("presetName").is_empty() {
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ fn details(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, b: &mut
     }
     ui.add_space(8.0);
     let unit = unit(d);
-    form::caption(ui, "Width");
+    form::caption(ui, tl!("Width"));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         form::length(ui, d, "width", unit, DETAILS - 124.0);
         units_dropdown(ui, d, 112.0);
@@ -313,48 +313,48 @@ fn details(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, b: &mut
     ui.add_space(4.0);
     ui.horizontal_top(|ui| {
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
-            form::caption(ui, "Height");
+            form::caption(ui, tl!("Height"));
             form::length(ui, d, "height", unit, 104.0);
         });
         ui.add_space(6.0);
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
-            form::caption(ui, "Orientation");
+            form::caption(ui, tl!("Orientation"));
             orientation(ui, d);
         });
         ui.add_space(6.0);
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
-            form::caption(ui, "Artboards");
+            form::caption(ui, tl!("Artboards"));
             artboards(ui, d, 76.0);
         });
     });
     ui.add_space(8.0);
-    form::caption(ui, "Bleed");
+    form::caption(ui, tl!("Bleed"));
     form::bleed(ui, d, unit, 52.0);
     ui.add_space(8.0);
-    form::caption(ui, "Background Contents");
+    form::caption(ui, tl!("Background Contents"));
     background(ui, d, DETAILS - 34.0);
     ui.add_space(8.0);
     advanced(ui, d, 110.0, DETAILS - 116.0);
     ui.add_space(12.0);
-    if widgets::flat_button(ui, "More Settings", DETAILS).clicked() {
+    if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("More Settings"), DETAILS).clicked() {
         d.kind = MORE.into();
     }
     // Close and Create at the bottom right.
     ui.add_space((HEIGHT - (ui.cursor().top() - top) - 28.0).max(12.0));
     ui.allocate_ui_with_layout(egui::vec2(ui.available_width(), 28.0), egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
-        b.create = widgets::primary_button(ui, "Create").clicked();
+        b.create = widgets::primary_button(ui, tl!("Create")).clicked();
         ui.add_space(8.0);
-        b.close = widgets::secondary_button(ui, "Close").clicked();
+        b.close = widgets::secondary_button(ui, tl!("Close")).clicked();
     });
 }
 
 /// Save Preset: the preset's name, Save and Cancel.
 fn save_row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     ui.add_space(4.0);
-    form::caption(ui, "Preset Name");
+    form::caption(ui, tl!("Preset Name"));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         let enter = form::text_edit(ui, d, "presetName", DETAILS - 140.0).lost_focus() && ui.input(|i| i.key_pressed(egui::Key::Enter));
-        if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Save", 54.0).clicked() || enter {
+        if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Save"), 54.0).clicked() || enter {
             let mut p: Map<String, Value> = PARAMS.iter().filter_map(|k| Some((k.to_string(), d.fields.get(*k)?.clone()))).collect();
             p.insert("name".into(), json!(d.str("presetName")));
             p.remove("preset");
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ fn save_row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
                 Err(e) => app.status(e),
             }
         }
-        if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Cancel", 60.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Cancel"), 60.0).clicked() {
             d.fields.insert(SAVING.into(), json!(false));
         }
     });
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ fn orientation(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     let landscape = w > h;
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.x = 2.0;
-        for (is_landscape, tip) in [(false, "Portrait"), (true, "Landscape")] {
+        for (is_landscape, tip) in [(false, tl!("Portrait")), (true, tl!("Landscape"))] {
             if widgets::orientation_button(ui, is_landscape, landscape == is_landscape, tip) && landscape != is_landscape {
                 d.fields.insert("width".into(), json!(h));
                 d.fields.insert("height".into(), json!(w));
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ fn advanced(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, label: f32, field: f32) {
         .horizontal(|ui| {
             let (r, _) = ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(14.0, 18.0), egui::Sense::hover());
             crate::icons::paint(ui, if open { "chevron-down" } else { "chevron-right" }, r, t.icon);
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Advanced Options").color(t.text));
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Advanced Options")).color(t.text));
         })
         .response
         .interact(egui::Sense::click());
@@ -458,9 +458,11 @@ fn advanced(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, label: f32, field: f32) {
     let ppi: Vec<(Value, String)> = RASTER_PPI.iter().map(|(v, l)| (json!(v), l.to_string())).collect();
     let previews: Vec<(Value, String)> =
         PreviewMode::ALL.iter().map(|m| (json!(m.id()), form::humanize(m.id()).trim_end_matches(':').to_string())).collect();
-    for (key, name, options) in
-        [("colorMode", "Color Mode", &colors), ("rasterEffectsPpi", "Raster Effects", &ppi), ("previewMode", "Preview Mode", &previews)]
-    {
+    for (key, name, options) in [
+        ("colorMode", tl!("Color Mode"), &colors),
+        ("rasterEffectsPpi", tl!("Raster Effects"), &ppi),
+        ("previewMode", tl!("Preview Mode"), &previews),
+    ] {
         widgets::label_row(ui, name, label, |ui| choice(ui, d, key, options, field));
     }
 }
@@ -475,15 +477,15 @@ fn show_more(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
     const L: f32 = 150.0;
     window(ctx, MORE, 22, |ui| {
         ui.set_width(560.0);
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("More Settings").font(theme::semibold(16.0)).color(t.text));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("More Settings")).font(theme::semibold(16.0)).color(t.text));
         ui.add_space(12.0);
-        widgets::label_row(ui, "Name:", L, |ui| {
+        widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Name:"), L, |ui| {
             form::text(ui, &mut d, "name", 300.0);
         });
         // Profile: the preset categories (the tabs); Size: the profile's presets.
         let profiles: Vec<&str> = newdoc::CATEGORIES.iter().map(|c| c.0).collect();
         let profile = profiles.iter().find(|p| p.eq_ignore_ascii_case(&d.str("category"))).copied().unwrap_or("[Custom]");
-        widgets::label_row(ui, "Profile:", L, |ui| {
+        widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Profile:"), L, |ui| {
             if let Some(p) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "newdoc-profile", profile, &profiles, 220.0).and_then(|i| profiles.get(i)) {
                 d.fields.insert("category".into(), json!(p));
                 if let Some(first) = newdoc::category(&app.session, p).and_then(|v| v.into_iter().next()) {
@@ -495,7 +497,7 @@ fn show_more(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
         let (lay, cols, spacing, rtl) = layout(&d);
         let n = d.f64("artboards", 1.0);
         let several = n > 1.0;
-        widgets::label_row(ui, "Number of Artboards:", L, |ui| {
+        widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Number of Artboards:"), L, |ui| {
             artboards(ui, &mut d, 76.0);
             ui.add_space(10.0);
             for (l, icon) in [
@@ -509,17 +511,17 @@ fn show_more(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                 }
             }
             ui.add_space(6.0);
-            if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "chevrons-left", "Change to Right-to-Left Layout", rtl, several, 26.0).clicked() {
+            if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "chevrons-left", tl!("Change to Right-to-Left Layout"), rtl, several, 26.0).clicked() {
                 set_layout(&mut d, "rightToLeft", json!(!rtl));
             }
         });
         ui.add_enabled_ui(several, |ui| {
-            widgets::label_row(ui, "Spacing:", L, |ui| {
+            widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Spacing:"), L, |ui| {
                 if let Some(v) = widgets::num_field(ui, "newdoc-spacing", Some(spacing), unit(&d), 100.0) {
                     set_layout(&mut d, "spacing", json!(v.max(0.0)));
                 }
                 ui.add_space(20.0);
-                ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Columns:").color(t.text));
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Columns:")).color(t.text));
                 let grid = matches!(lay, ArtboardLayout::GridByRow | ArtboardLayout::GridByColumn);
                 ui.add_enabled_ui(grid, |ui| {
                     if let Some(v) = widgets::spin_plain(ui, "newdoc-columns", cols as f64, "", 0, 76.0, 1.0, 1.0, &[]) {
@@ -532,39 +534,39 @@ fn show_more(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
         let sizes = newdoc::category(&app.session, profile).unwrap_or_default();
         let size_names: Vec<&str> = sizes.iter().map(|s| s.name.as_str()).collect();
         let preset = d.str("preset");
-        widgets::label_row(ui, "Size:", L, |ui| {
+        widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Size:"), L, |ui| {
             let shown = if preset.is_empty() { "Custom" } else { preset.as_str() };
             if let Some(s) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "newdoc-size", shown, &size_names, 220.0).and_then(|i| sizes.get(i)) {
                 apply(&mut d, s);
             }
         });
         let unit = unit(&d);
-        widgets::label_row(ui, "Width:", L, |ui| {
+        widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Width:"), L, |ui| {
             form::length(ui, &mut d, "width", unit, 120.0);
             ui.add_space(20.0);
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Units:").color(t.text));
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Units:")).color(t.text));
             units_dropdown(ui, &mut d, 120.0);
         });
-        widgets::label_row(ui, "Height:", L, |ui| {
+        widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Height:"), L, |ui| {
             form::length(ui, &mut d, "height", unit, 120.0);
             ui.add_space(20.0);
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Orientation:").color(t.text));
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Orientation:")).color(t.text));
             orientation(ui, &mut d);
         });
         ui.add_space(4.0);
-        widgets::label_row(ui, "Bleed:", L, |ui| form::bleed(ui, &mut d, unit, 64.0));
+        widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Bleed:"), L, |ui| form::bleed(ui, &mut d, unit, 64.0));
         ui.add_space(4.0);
-        widgets::label_row(ui, "Background Contents:", L, |ui| background(ui, &mut d, 220.0));
+        widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Background Contents:"), L, |ui| background(ui, &mut d, 220.0));
         ui.add_space(8.0);
         advanced(ui, &mut d, L, 220.0);
         ui.add_space(16.0);
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-            templates = widgets::secondary_button(ui, "Templates…").on_hover_text("New from Template").clicked();
+            templates = widgets::secondary_button(ui, tl!("Templates…")).on_hover_text(tl!("New from Template")).clicked();
             ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
-                b.create = widgets::primary_button(ui, "Create Document").clicked();
+                b.create = widgets::primary_button(ui, tl!("Create Document")).clicked();
                 ui.add_space(8.0);
                 // Cancel goes back to New Document.
-                if widgets::secondary_button(ui, "Cancel").clicked() {
+                if widgets::secondary_button(ui, tl!("Cancel")).clicked() {
                     d.kind = KIND.into();
                 }
             });
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/new_swatch.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/new_swatch.rs
index 3af0608ec..bbca73333 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/new_swatch.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/new_swatch.rs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ use crate::state::Dialog;
 /// The dialog kind of New Swatch.
 pub const KIND: &str = "newSwatch";
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| "New Swatch".into(), body, confirm, min_width: 340.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("New Swatch").into(), body, confirm, min_width: 340.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// Open New Swatch for the active paint: a spot colour with `spot`, going into colour `group`.
 pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, spot: bool, group: Option<&str>) -> Result<Value, String> {
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/office_export.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/office_export.rs
index cd8e16780..27dd40560 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/office_export.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/office_export.rs
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, io, widgets};
 pub(crate) const KIND: &str = "saveForOffice";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Save for Office Documents".into(), body, confirm, ok: Some("Save…"), min_width: 340.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Save for Office Documents").into(), body, confirm, ok: Some("Save…"), min_width: 340.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// Open the dialog (150 ppi on white, the first artboard).
 pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp) -> Result<Value, String> {
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let ppi = d.f64("ppi", RESOLUTIONS[1]);
     let board = (d.f64("artboard", 0.0).max(0.0) as usize).min(doc.artboards.len().saturating_sub(1));
     egui::Grid::new("office-export").num_columns(2).spacing([10.0, 8.0]).show(ui, |ui| {
-        label(ui, "Resolution:");
+        label(ui, tl!("Resolution:"));
         let at = RESOLUTIONS.iter().position(|r| *r == ppi).unwrap_or(1);
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "office-ppi", RESOLUTION_LABELS[at], &RESOLUTION_LABELS[..RESOLUTIONS.len()], 160.0)
             && let Some(r) = RESOLUTIONS.get(i)
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         }
         ui.end_row();
         if doc.artboards.len() > 1 {
-            label(ui, "Artboard:");
+            label(ui, tl!("Artboard:"));
             let names: Vec<&str> = doc.artboards.iter().map(|a| a.name.as_str()).collect();
             if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "office-artboard", names.get(board).copied().unwrap_or_default(), &names, 160.0) {
                 d.fields.insert("artboard".into(), json!(i));
@@ -45,14 +45,14 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
             ui.end_row();
         }
         if let Some(a) = doc.artboards.get(board) {
-            label(ui, "Size:");
+            label(ui, tl!("Size:"));
             let (w, h) = vectorcraft_render::region_pixels(a.rect, ppi / 72.0);
             ui.label(egui::RichText::new(format!("{w} × {h} px")).color(t.text));
             ui.end_row();
         }
     });
     ui.add_space(8.0);
-    form::check(ui, d, "transparent", "Transparent Background");
+    form::check(ui, d, "transparent", tl!("Transparent Background"));
     false
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/package.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/package.rs
index ba9d846bc..2859a2ebd 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/package.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/package.rs
@@ -26,8 +26,15 @@ const OPTIONS: [(&str, &str); 5] = [
     ("report", "Create Report"),
 ];
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Package".into(), body, confirm, ok: Some("Package"), min_width: 440.0, max_width: Some(460.0), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
+    heading: |_| tl!("Package").into(),
+    body,
+    confirm,
+    ok: Some("Package"),
+    min_width: 440.0,
+    max_width: Some(460.0),
+    ..DialogSpec::FORM
+};
 
 /// Is there no file system to write a folder to (the web downloads a zip)?
 fn downloads(app: &VectorcraftApp) -> bool {
@@ -38,7 +45,13 @@ fn downloads(app: &VectorcraftApp) -> bool {
 pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp) -> Result<Value, String> {
     let st = app.session.active().ok_or("no document")?;
     let Some(path) = st.path.clone() else {
-        ask(app, "Save the document first?", "Package collects a saved document with its linked files and fonts.", "file.saveAs", json!({}));
+        ask(
+            app,
+            tl!("Save the document first?"),
+            tl!("Package collects a saved document with its linked files and fonts."),
+            "file.saveAs",
+            json!({}),
+        );
         return Ok(Value::Null);
     };
     let p = std::path::Path::new(&path);
@@ -55,10 +68,10 @@ pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp) -> Result<Value, String> {
 fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     if !downloads(app) {
-        widgets::label_row(ui, "Location:", LABEL, |ui| {
+        widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Location:"), LABEL, |ui| {
             form::text(ui, d, "folder", 230.0);
             if let Some(pick) = app.services.pick_folder.as_mut()
-                && ui.button("Choose…").clicked()
+                && ui.button(tl!("Choose…")).clicked()
                 && let Some(f) = pick()
             {
                 d.fields.insert("folder".into(), json!(f));
@@ -66,11 +79,11 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         });
         ui.add_space(4.0);
     }
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Folder Name:", LABEL, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Folder Name:"), LABEL, |ui| {
         form::text(ui, d, "name", 230.0);
     });
     ui.add_space(10.0);
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Options");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Options"));
     for (k, label) in OPTIONS {
         // The link options apply only when the links are copied.
         let enabled = !matches!(k, "linksFolder" | "relink") || d.bool("copyLinks");
@@ -80,7 +93,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         }
     }
     ui.add_space(6.0);
-    ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Fonts whose licence doesn't allow embedding are not copied.").size(11.5).color(t.text_dim));
+    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Fonts whose licence doesn't allow embedding are not copied.")).size(11.5).color(t.text_dim));
     false
 }
 
@@ -110,8 +123,16 @@ fn confirm(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, d: &Dialog) -> Result<Value, String> {
     }
     let folder = r["folder"].as_str().unwrap_or_default().to_string();
     app.status(format!("Packaged {n} file(s) in {folder}{note}"));
-    let detail = format!("{n} file(s) in {folder}{note}. Show the package folder?");
-    ask(app, "Package created", &detail, "file.showPackage", json!({ "folder": folder }));
+    let shown_note = if missing > 0 {
+        format!(" ({})", crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("{count} linked file(s) not found"), &[("count", &missing.to_string())]))
+    } else {
+        String::new()
+    };
+    let detail = crate::i18n::fmt(
+        tl!("{count} file(s) in {folder}{note}. Show the package folder?"),
+        &[("count", &n.to_string()), ("folder", &folder), ("note", &shown_note)],
+    );
+    ask(app, tl!("Package created"), &detail, "file.showPackage", json!({ "folder": folder }));
     Ok(r)
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/path_ops.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/path_ops.rs
index 24b600f51..01f9d3cbc 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/path_ops.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/path_ops.rs
@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |d| title(&d.kind).int
 
 fn title(kind: &str) -> &'static str {
     match kind {
-        "average" => "Average",
-        "offsetPath" => "Offset Path",
-        "simplify" => "Simplify",
-        _ => "Split Into Grid",
+        "average" => tl!("Average"),
+        "offsetPath" => tl!("Offset Path"),
+        "simplify" => tl!("Simplify"),
+        _ => tl!("Split Into Grid"),
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/pdf_presets.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/pdf_presets.rs
index 06151bdd7..0d63fdd11 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/pdf_presets.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/pdf_presets.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
 pub const KIND: &str = "pdfPresets";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
-    heading: |_| "PDF Presets".into(),
+    heading: |_| tl!("PDF Presets").into(),
     body,
     confirm: |app, _| {
         app.ui.dialog = None;
@@ -57,13 +57,13 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     ui.horizontal_top(|ui| {
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
             ui.set_width(300.0);
-            widgets::dim_label(ui, "Presets:");
+            widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Presets:"));
             widgets::list_box(ui, |ui| {
                 egui::ScrollArea::vertical().id_salt("pdf-presets").min_scrolled_height(260.0).max_height(260.0).show(ui, |ui| {
                     ui.set_width(ui.available_width());
                     ui.set_min_height(260.0);
                     for (k, p) in presets.iter().enumerate() {
-                        let label = if k < builtins { format!("[{}]", p.name) } else { p.name.clone() };
+                        let label = if k < builtins { format!("[{}]", tl!(&p.name)) } else { p.name.clone() };
                         if ui.selectable_label(k == i, label).clicked() {
                             act = Some(Action::Select(p.name.clone()));
                         }
@@ -73,19 +73,19 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
             ui.add_space(6.0);
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
                 ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.x = 4.0;
-                if widgets::flat_button(ui, "New…", 48.0).on_hover_text("A new preset starting from the selected one").clicked() {
+                if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("New…"), 48.0).on_hover_text(tl!("A new preset starting from the selected one")).clicked() {
                     act = Some(Action::New);
                 }
-                if ui.add_enabled_ui(!builtin, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, "Edit…", 48.0)).inner.clicked() {
+                if ui.add_enabled_ui(!builtin, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Edit…"), 48.0)).inner.clicked() {
                     act = Some(Action::Edit);
                 }
-                if ui.add_enabled_ui(!builtin, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, "Delete", 52.0)).inner.clicked() {
+                if ui.add_enabled_ui(!builtin, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Delete"), 52.0)).inner.clicked() {
                     act = Some(Action::Delete);
                 }
-                if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Import…", 64.0).clicked() {
+                if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Import…"), 64.0).clicked() {
                     act = Some(Action::Import);
                 }
-                if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Export…", 64.0).on_hover_text("Save the selected preset to a file").clicked() {
+                if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Export…"), 64.0).on_hover_text(tl!("Save the selected preset to a file")).clicked() {
                     act = Some(Action::Export);
                 }
             });
@@ -113,14 +113,14 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
 /// What sets the preset apart: its settings that differ from the app default, and the notes on
 /// what Save PDF can't honour or apply yet.
 fn details(ui: &mut egui::Ui, t: &Tokens, preset: &vectorcraft_pdf::PdfPreset, builtin: bool) {
-    let dim = |ui: &mut egui::Ui, text: &str| ui.label(egui::RichText::new(text).color(t.text_dim).size(11.5));
-    widgets::dim_label(ui, &format!("Differences from {}:", pdf::DEFAULT_PRESET));
+    let dim = |ui: &mut egui::Ui, text: &str| ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(text)).color(t.text_dim).size(11.5));
+    widgets::dim_label(ui, &crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Differences from {preset}:"), &[("preset", pdf::DEFAULT_PRESET)]));
     let base = vectorcraft_pdf::builtin_preset(pdf::DEFAULT_PRESET).map(|p| p.settings).unwrap_or_default();
     let mut changed = pdf::changes(&preset.settings, &base);
     changed.sort_by_key(|c| section_of(c["option"].as_str().unwrap_or_default()));
     egui::ScrollArea::vertical().id_salt("pdf-preset-details").max_height(180.0).show(ui, |ui| {
         if changed.is_empty() {
-            dim(ui, "None.");
+            dim(ui, tl!("None."));
         }
         option_rows(ui, &changed, option_label);
     });
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ fn details(ui: &mut egui::Ui, t: &Tokens, preset: &vectorcraft_pdf::PdfPreset, b
     }
     if builtin {
         ui.add_space(6.0);
-        dim(ui, "Built-in presets are read-only: New… starts an editable copy.");
+        dim(ui, tl!("Built-in presets are read-only: New… starts an editable copy."));
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/perspective_grid.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/perspective_grid.rs
index 92123945c..b6eb5ff6a 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/perspective_grid.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/perspective_grid.rs
@@ -61,9 +61,9 @@ const TYPES: [&str; 3] = ["One Point Perspective", "Two Point Perspective", "Thr
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
     heading: |d| {
         match d.str(MODE).as_str() {
-            "save" => "Save Grid as Preset",
-            "edit" => "Perspective Grid Preset",
-            _ => "Define Perspective Grid",
+            "save" => tl!("Save Grid as Preset"),
+            "edit" => tl!("Perspective Grid Preset"),
+            _ => tl!("Define Perspective Grid"),
         }
         .into()
     },
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ fn color(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, label: &str) {
 /// Preset…, else the preset's name.
 fn name_row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     if !d.str(MODE).is_empty() {
-        widgets::label_row(ui, "Name:", LABEL, |ui| {
+        widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Name:"), LABEL, |ui| {
             form::text(ui, d, "name", 200.0);
         });
         return;
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ fn name_row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     }
     let shown = current.map_or(CUSTOM, |p| p.name.as_str());
     let names: Vec<&str> = std::iter::once(CUSTOM).chain(presets.iter().map(|p| p.name.as_str())).collect();
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Preset:", LABEL, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Preset:"), LABEL, |ui| {
         if let Some(p) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "persp-preset", shown, &names, 200.0).and_then(|i| i.checked_sub(1)).and_then(|i| presets.get(i)) {
             let mut fields = json!(p);
             fields[SHOWN] = fields["units"].clone();
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ fn name_row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
                 d.fields.extend(o.clone());
             }
         }
-        if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Save Preset…", 96.0).on_hover_text("Save these settings as a preset").clicked() {
+        if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Save Preset…"), 96.0).on_hover_text(tl!("Save these settings as a preset")).clicked() {
             d.fields.insert(MODE.into(), json!("save"));
             d.fields.insert(FROM.into(), json!("define"));
             d.fields.insert("name".into(), json!(app.session.new_perspective_preset_name()));
@@ -239,16 +239,16 @@ fn name_row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
 fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     name_row(app, ui, d);
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Perspective Grid Settings");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Perspective Grid Settings"));
     ui.add_space(6.0);
     let k = kind(d);
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Type:", LABEL, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Type:"), LABEL, |ui| {
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "persp-type", TYPES[usize::from(k - 1)], &TYPES, 200.0) {
             d.fields.insert("kind".into(), json!(i + 1));
         }
     });
     let units: Vec<(&str, &str)> = Unit::ALL.iter().filter(|u| **u != Unit::FeetInches).map(|u| (u.key(), u.label())).collect();
-    form::choice(ui, d, "units", "Units:", (LABEL, 200.0), &units);
+    form::choice(ui, d, "units", tl!("Units:"), (LABEL, 200.0), &units);
     // A new unit (the menu or `ui.dialog.set`) keeps the lengths: they are converted.
     let unit = unit(d);
     let before = Unit::named(&d.str(SHOWN)).unwrap_or(unit);
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let named = SCALES.iter().find(|(_, s)| *s == sc).map(|(l, _)| *l);
     let mut labels: Vec<&str> = SCALES.iter().map(|(l, _)| *l).collect();
     labels.push("Custom");
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Scale:", LABEL, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Scale:"), LABEL, |ui| {
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "persp-scale", named.unwrap_or("Custom"), &labels, 200.0) {
             // Custom starts from the scale shown.
             let s = SCALES.get(i).map_or(sc, |(_, s)| *s);
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     });
     if named.is_none() {
         widgets::label_row(ui, "", LABEL, |ui| {
-            for (i, label) in ["Artboard:", "Real World:"].into_iter().enumerate() {
+            for (i, label) in [tl!("Artboard:"), tl!("Real World:")].into_iter().enumerate() {
                 ui.label(egui::RichText::new(label).color(t.text_dim));
                 if let Some(v) = widgets::plain_field(ui, ("persp-scale", i), sc[i], "", 3, 56.0).filter(|v| *v > 0.0 && v.is_finite()) {
                     let mut s = sc;
@@ -288,41 +288,44 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
             }
         });
     }
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Gridline every:", LABEL, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Gridline every:"), LABEL, |ui| {
         length(ui, d, "gridline", unit, FIELD);
     });
     if sc[0] != sc[1] {
         let real = unit.number(unit.to_pt(sc[1] / sc[0]));
-        let note = format!("1 {s} on the artboard stands for {real} {s} in the scene.", s = unit.suffix());
+        let note = crate::i18n::fmt(
+            tl!("1 {unit} on the artboard stands for {real} {unit} in the scene."),
+            &[("unit", unit.suffix()), ("real", &real.to_string())],
+        );
         widgets::label_row(ui, "", LABEL, |ui| {
             ui.label(egui::RichText::new(note).size(11.5).color(t.text_dim));
         });
     }
     ui.add_space(4.0);
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Viewing Angle:", LABEL, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Viewing Angle:"), LABEL, |ui| {
         let a = d.f64("angle", 45.0);
         if let Some(v) = ui.add_enabled_ui(k != 1, |ui| widgets::plain_field(ui, "persp-angle", a, "°", 2, FIELD)).inner {
             d.fields.insert("angle".into(), json!(v));
         }
     });
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Viewing Distance:", LABEL, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Viewing Distance:"), LABEL, |ui| {
         length(ui, d, "distance", unit, FIELD);
     });
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Horizon Height:", LABEL, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Horizon Height:"), LABEL, |ui| {
         length(ui, d, "horizonHeight", unit, FIELD);
     });
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Third Vanishing Point:", LABEL, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Third Vanishing Point:"), LABEL, |ui| {
         third_vp(ui, d, 0, unit, k == 3);
         third_vp(ui, d, 1, unit, k == 3);
     });
     ui.add_space(12.0);
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Grid Color & Opacity");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Grid Color & Opacity"));
     ui.add_space(6.0);
-    color(ui, d, "leftColor", "Left Grid:");
-    color(ui, d, "rightColor", "Right Grid:");
-    color(ui, d, "groundColor", "Horizontal Grid:");
+    color(ui, d, "leftColor", tl!("Left Grid:"));
+    color(ui, d, "rightColor", tl!("Right Grid:"));
+    color(ui, d, "groundColor", tl!("Horizontal Grid:"));
     // Opacity: a slider and its field, in the label column the rows above use.
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Opacity:", LABEL, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Opacity:"), LABEL, |ui| {
         let v = d.f64("opacity", 50.0).clamp(0.0, 100.0);
         let track = |x: f32| egui::Color32::from_gray((60.0 + x * 160.0) as u8);
         let mut new =
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/perspective_options.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/perspective_options.rs
index 21936c441..91e74de0e 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/perspective_options.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/perspective_options.rs
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
 pub const KIND: &str = "perspectiveGridOptions";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Perspective Grid Options".into(), body, confirm, min_width: 340.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Perspective Grid Options").into(), body, confirm, min_width: 340.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// Open the dialog with the current options.
 pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp) {
@@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ fn confirm(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, d: &Dialog) -> Result<Value, String> {
 
 fn body(_app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let on = d.bool("show");
-    if widgets::check(ui, "Show Active Plane Widget", on, true) {
+    if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Show Active Plane Widget"), on, true) {
         d.fields.insert("show".into(), json!(!on));
     }
     ui.add_space(8.0);
     let corners: Vec<(&str, &str)> = WidgetCorner::ALL.iter().map(|c| (c.id(), c.label())).collect();
-    ui.add_enabled_ui(on, |ui| form::choice(ui, d, "position", "Widget Position:", (110.0, 160.0), &corners));
+    ui.add_enabled_ui(on, |ui| form::choice(ui, d, "position", tl!("Widget Position:"), (110.0, 160.0), &corners));
     false
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/perspective_plane.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/perspective_plane.rs
index 4ac217fe0..7e1e1d837 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/perspective_plane.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/perspective_plane.rs
@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ const OBJECTS: [(&str, &str); 3] = [("none", "Do Not Move"), ("move", "Move All
 
 fn heading(d: &Dialog) -> String {
     match Plane::parse(&d.str("plane")) {
-        Some(Plane::Right) => "Right Plane",
-        Some(Plane::Ground) => "Horizontal Plane",
-        _ => "Left Plane",
+        Some(Plane::Right) => tl!("Right Plane"),
+        Some(Plane::Ground) => tl!("Horizontal Plane"),
+        _ => tl!("Left Plane"),
     }
     .into()
 }
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, p: &Value) -> Result<Value, String> {
 fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let unit = app.session.general_unit();
     grid(ui, |ui| {
-        label(ui, "Location:");
+        label(ui, tl!("Location:"));
         if let Some(v) = widgets::num_field(ui, "pp-location", Some(d.f64("location", 0.0)), unit, 120.0) {
             d.fields.insert("location".into(), json!(v));
         }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/perspective_presets.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/perspective_presets.rs
index 52d8c2e6e..c720a036d 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/perspective_presets.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/perspective_presets.rs
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ pub const SLOT: &str = "ui.perspectiveUserPreset";
 pub const SLOTS: usize = 5;
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
-    heading: |_| "Perspective Grid Presets".into(),
+    heading: |_| tl!("Perspective Grid Presets").into(),
     body,
     confirm: |app, _| {
         app.ui.dialog = None;
@@ -64,19 +64,26 @@ fn details(p: &GridDefinition) -> Vec<(&'static str, String)> {
     let u = p.unit();
     let len = |v: f64| u.format(u.to_pt(v));
     let mut rows = vec![
-        ("Type:", ["One Point", "Two Point", "Three Point"].get(usize::from(p.kind.clamp(1, 3) - 1)).copied().unwrap_or_default().to_string()),
-        ("Units:", u.label().to_string()),
-        ("Scale:", format!("{}:{}", Unit::Points.number(p.scale[0]), Unit::Points.number(p.scale[1]))),
-        ("Gridline every:", len(p.gridline)),
+        (
+            tl!("Type:"),
+            [tl!("One Point"), tl!("Two Point"), tl!("Three Point")]
+                .get(usize::from(p.kind.clamp(1, 3) - 1))
+                .copied()
+                .unwrap_or_default()
+                .to_string(),
+        ),
+        (tl!("Units:"), u.label().to_string()),
+        (tl!("Scale:"), format!("{}:{}", Unit::Points.number(p.scale[0]), Unit::Points.number(p.scale[1]))),
+        (tl!("Gridline every:"), len(p.gridline)),
     ];
     if p.kind != 1 {
-        rows.push(("Viewing Angle:", format!("{:.1}°", p.angle)));
+        rows.push((tl!("Viewing Angle:"), format!("{:.1}°", p.angle)));
     }
-    rows.extend([("Viewing Distance:", len(p.distance)), ("Horizon Height:", len(p.horizon_height))]);
+    rows.extend([(tl!("Viewing Distance:"), len(p.distance)), (tl!("Horizon Height:"), len(p.horizon_height))]);
     if p.kind == 3 {
-        rows.push(("Third Vanishing Point:", format!("{}, {}", len(p.third_vp[0]), len(p.third_vp[1]))));
+        rows.push((tl!("Third Vanishing Point:"), format!("{}, {}", len(p.third_vp[0]), len(p.third_vp[1]))));
     }
-    rows.push(("Opacity:", format!("{:.0}%", p.opacity)));
+    rows.push((tl!("Opacity:"), format!("{:.0}%", p.opacity)));
     rows
 }
 
@@ -91,13 +98,14 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     ui.horizontal_top(|ui| {
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
             ui.set_width(260.0);
-            widgets::dim_label(ui, "Presets:");
+            widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Presets:"));
             widgets::list_box(ui, |ui| {
                 egui::ScrollArea::vertical().id_salt("perspective-presets").min_scrolled_height(240.0).max_height(240.0).show(ui, |ui| {
                     ui.set_width(ui.available_width());
                     ui.set_min_height(240.0);
                     for (k, p) in presets.iter().enumerate() {
-                        if ui.selectable_label(k == i, &p.name).clicked() {
+                        let shown = if is_builtin(&p.name) { tl!(&p.name) } else { p.name.as_str() };
+                        if ui.selectable_label(k == i, shown).clicked() {
                             act = Some(Action::Select(p.name.clone()));
                         }
                     }
@@ -106,19 +114,19 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
             ui.add_space(6.0);
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
                 ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.x = 4.0;
-                if widgets::flat_button(ui, "New…", 48.0).on_hover_text("A new preset starting from the selected one").clicked() {
+                if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("New…"), 48.0).on_hover_text(tl!("A new preset starting from the selected one")).clicked() {
                     act = Some(Action::New);
                 }
-                if ui.add_enabled_ui(!builtin, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, "Edit…", 48.0)).inner.clicked() {
+                if ui.add_enabled_ui(!builtin, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Edit…"), 48.0)).inner.clicked() {
                     act = Some(Action::Edit);
                 }
-                if ui.add_enabled_ui(!builtin, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, "Delete", 52.0)).inner.clicked() {
+                if ui.add_enabled_ui(!builtin, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Delete"), 52.0)).inner.clicked() {
                     act = Some(Action::Delete);
                 }
-                if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Import…", 60.0).clicked() {
+                if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Import…"), 60.0).clicked() {
                     act = Some(Action::Import);
                 }
-                if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Export…", 60.0).on_hover_text("Save the selected preset to a file").clicked() {
+                if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Export…"), 60.0).on_hover_text(tl!("Save the selected preset to a file")).clicked() {
                     act = Some(Action::Export);
                 }
             });
@@ -126,7 +134,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         ui.add_space(18.0);
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
             ui.set_width(280.0);
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(&preset.name).color(t.text_strong).strong());
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(if builtin { tl!(&preset.name) } else { preset.name.as_str() }).color(t.text_strong).strong());
             ui.add_space(8.0);
             egui::Grid::new("perspective-preset-details").num_columns(2).spacing([12.0, 4.0]).show(ui, |ui| {
                 for (label, value) in details(preset) {
@@ -137,7 +145,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
             });
             if builtin {
                 ui.add_space(6.0);
-                ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Built-in presets don't change: New… starts an editable copy.").color(t.text_dim).size(11.5));
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Built-in presets don't change: New… starts an editable copy.")).color(t.text_dim).size(11.5));
             }
         });
     });
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/place.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/place.rs
index 20878e727..3ddd71712 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/place.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/place.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
 pub const KIND: &str = "place";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
-    heading: |_| "Place".into(),
+    heading: |_| tl!("Place").into(),
     body,
     confirm: crate::place::confirm,
     ok: Some("Place"),
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let files: Vec<Value> = d.fields.get("files").and_then(Value::as_array).cloned().unwrap_or_default();
     let info = d.fields.get("__info").cloned().unwrap_or_default();
-    widgets::subheader(ui, if files.len() == 1 { "File" } else { "Files" });
+    widgets::subheader(ui, if files.len() == 1 { tl!("File") } else { tl!("Files") });
     widgets::list_box(ui, |ui| {
         egui::ScrollArea::vertical().max_height(180.0).auto_shrink([false, true]).show(ui, |ui| {
             ui.set_width(ui.available_width());
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     });
     if files.len() > 1 {
         ui.add_space(4.0);
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Click to place each file at 100%, or drag to size it; arrow keys switch files, Esc skips one.");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Click to place each file at 100%, or drag to size it; arrow keys switch files, Esc skips one."));
     }
     ui.add_space(10.0);
     // The options row.
@@ -72,11 +72,11 @@ fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         for (key, label, tip) in OPTIONS {
             let on = d.bool(key);
             let enabled = key != "replace" || d.bool("__replace");
-            let resp = ui.scope(|ui| widgets::check(ui, label, on && enabled, enabled));
+            let resp = ui.scope(|ui| widgets::check(ui, tl!(label), on && enabled, enabled));
             if resp.inner {
                 d.fields.insert(key.into(), json!(!on));
             }
-            resp.response.on_hover_text(tip);
+            resp.response.on_hover_text(tl!(tip));
         }
     });
     false
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/placement_options.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/placement_options.rs
index 3d5092e22..55849558f 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/placement_options.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/placement_options.rs
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ const ALIGN: [&str; 9] = ["topLeft", "top", "topRight", "left", "center", "right
 const LABEL: f32 = 90.0;
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Placement Options".into(), body, confirm, min_width: 400.0, max_width: Some(420.0), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Placement Options").into(), body, confirm, min_width: 400.0, max_width: Some(420.0), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// Open the dialog on the placement options of images `ids` (default: the selected ones).
 pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, p: &Value) -> Result<Value, String> {
@@ -48,12 +48,12 @@ fn confirm(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, d: &Dialog) -> Result<Value, String> {
 }
 
 fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
-    form::choice(ui, d, "preserve", "Preserve:", (LABEL, 240.0), &PRESERVE);
+    form::choice(ui, d, "preserve", tl!("Preserve:"), (LABEL, 240.0), &PRESERVE);
     ui.add_space(8.0);
     // Bounds stretches the art into the old bounds: nothing to align or clip.
     let free = d.str("preserve") != "bounds";
     ui.add_enabled_ui(free, |ui| {
-        widgets::label_row(ui, "Alignment:", LABEL, |ui| {
+        widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Alignment:"), LABEL, |ui| {
             let current = ALIGN.iter().position(|a| *a == d.str("align")).unwrap_or(4);
             if let Some(i) = widgets::reference_point(ui, current)
                 && let Some(a) = ALIGN.get(i)
@@ -64,12 +64,12 @@ fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         ui.add_space(8.0);
         widgets::label_row(ui, "", LABEL, |ui| {
             let clip = d.bool("clip");
-            if widgets::check(ui, "Clip to Bounding Box", clip, free) {
+            if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Clip to Bounding Box"), clip, free) {
                 d.fields.insert("clip".into(), json!(!clip));
             }
         });
     });
     ui.add_space(6.0);
-    widgets::dim_label(ui, "Applies when the linked file is relinked or updated.");
+    widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Applies when the linked file is relinked or updated."));
     false
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/plugin.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/plugin.rs
index 6f40219bb..bd158ec24 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/plugin.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/plugin.rs
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ const CMD: &str = "plugin.run";
 pub const NO_FILTERS: &str = "No filter plug-ins installed";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |d| d.str("__label"), body, confirm, preview: true, max_width: Some(420.0), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |d| tl!(&d.str("__label")).to_string(), body, confirm, preview: true, max_width: Some(420.0), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// A menu label for plug-in `name`: with an ellipsis when it opens a dialog.
 fn label(name: &str, has_params: bool) -> &'static str {
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/png_options.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/png_options.rs
index ce53fed61..6e9520567 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/png_options.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/png_options.rs
@@ -124,15 +124,15 @@ fn export_size(doc: &vectorcraft_doc::Document, p: &Value) -> Option<(f64, f64)>
 }
 
 fn heading(d: &Dialog) -> String {
-    format!("{} Options", format_of(d).map_or("Export", |f| f.label))
+    crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("{format} Options"), &[("format", format_of(d).map_or(tl!("Export"), |f| f.label))])
 }
 
 fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let id = format_of(d).map_or("png", |f| f.id);
-    let label = |ui: &mut egui::Ui, text: &str| ui.label(egui::RichText::new(text).color(t.text_dim));
+    let label = |ui: &mut egui::Ui, text: &str| ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(text)).color(t.text_dim));
     egui::Grid::new("raster-options").num_columns(2).spacing([10.0, 8.0]).show(ui, |ui| {
-        label(ui, "Resolution:");
+        label(ui, tl!("Resolution:"));
         let ppi = d.f64("ppi", 72.0);
         let preset = RESOLUTIONS.iter().position(|p| *p == ppi).filter(|_| !d.bool("__otherPpi"));
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         if let Some([w, h]) =
             d.fields.get("__size").and_then(Value::as_array).map(|a| [0, 1].map(|i| a.get(i).and_then(Value::as_f64).unwrap_or(0.0)))
         {
-            label(ui, "Size:");
+            label(ui, tl!("Size:"));
             let (pw, ph) = vectorcraft_render::region_pixels(vectorcraft_geom::Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, w, h), d.f64("ppi", 72.0) / 72.0);
             ui.label(egui::RichText::new(format!("{pw} × {ph} px")).color(t.text));
             ui.end_row();
@@ -169,8 +169,8 @@ fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
 /// choose (JPEG quality) and what writes other files (image maps).
 pub(super) fn option_rows(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, id: &str, screens: bool) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
-    let label = |ui: &mut egui::Ui, text: &str| ui.label(egui::RichText::new(text).color(t.text_dim));
-    label(ui, "Background Color:");
+    let label = |ui: &mut egui::Ui, text: &str| ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(text)).color(t.text_dim));
+    label(ui, tl!("Background Color:"));
     let bg = d.str("background");
     let choice = BACKGROUNDS.iter().position(|v| bg.eq_ignore_ascii_case(v)).unwrap_or(3);
     // JPEG has no transparency, nor have some TIFF, BMP and Targa options: their list starts at
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ pub(super) fn option_rows(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, id: &str, screens:
     });
     ui.end_row();
 
-    label(ui, "Anti-aliasing:");
+    label(ui, tl!("Anti-aliasing:"));
     let aa = AntiAlias::from_id(&d.str("antiAlias")).unwrap_or_default();
     if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "ro-aa", aa.label(), &AntiAlias::ALL.map(AntiAlias::label), 150.0) {
         d.fields.insert("antiAlias".into(), json!(AntiAlias::ALL[i].id()));
@@ -197,14 +197,14 @@ pub(super) fn option_rows(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, id: &str, screens:
     match id {
         "png" => {
             ui.label("");
-            form::check(ui, d, "interlaced", "Interlaced");
+            form::check(ui, d, "interlaced", tl!("Interlaced"));
             ui.end_row();
         }
         "jpg" => jpeg_rows(ui, d, &label, screens),
         "gif" | "png8" => palette_rows(ui, d, &label),
         "webp" => {
             ui.label("");
-            label(ui, "Lossless (lossy WebP isn't available yet)");
+            label(ui, tl!("Lossless (lossy WebP isn't available yet)"));
             ui.end_row();
         }
         "psd" => psd_options::rows(ui, d, &label),
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ pub(super) fn option_rows(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, id: &str, screens:
 /// The JPEG Options rows: colour model, quality, method and scans, profile and image map (not
 /// quality and image map for Export for Screens).
 fn jpeg_rows(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, label: &dyn Fn(&mut egui::Ui, &str) -> egui::Response, screens: bool) {
-    label(ui, "Color Model:");
+    label(ui, tl!("Color Model:"));
     choice(ui, d, "colorModel", &ColorModel::ALL.map(ColorModel::id), &ColorModel::ALL.map(ColorModel::label));
     ui.end_row();
 
@@ -224,19 +224,19 @@ fn jpeg_rows(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, label: &dyn Fn(&mut egui::Ui, &s
     }
     method_row(ui, d, label);
     if !screens {
-        label(ui, "Image Map:");
+        label(ui, tl!("Image Map:"));
         choice(ui, d, "imageMap", &IMAGE_MAPS, &IMAGE_MAP_LABELS);
         ui.end_row();
     }
 
     ui.label("");
-    form::check(ui, d, "embedIcc", "Embed ICC Profile");
+    form::check(ui, d, "embedIcc", tl!("Embed ICC Profile"));
     ui.end_row();
 }
 
 /// JPEG quality on the dialog's 0–10 scale (stored ×10).
 fn quality_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, label: &dyn Fn(&mut egui::Ui, &str) -> egui::Response) {
-    label(ui, "Quality:");
+    label(ui, tl!("Quality:"));
     let mut q = (d.f64("quality", 90.0) / 10.0).round().clamp(0.0, 10.0) as u8;
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         if ui.add(egui::Slider::new(&mut q, 0..=10)).changed() {
@@ -249,11 +249,11 @@ fn quality_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, label: &dyn Fn(&mut egui::Ui,
 
 /// The JPEG method, and its scans when progressive.
 fn method_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, label: &dyn Fn(&mut egui::Ui, &str) -> egui::Response) {
-    label(ui, "Method:");
+    label(ui, tl!("Method:"));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         choice(ui, d, "method", &Method::ALL.map(Method::id), &Method::ALL.map(Method::label));
         if Method::from_id(&d.str("method")) == Some(Method::Progressive) {
-            label(ui, "Scans:");
+            label(ui, tl!("Scans:"));
             let mut scans = d.f64("scans", 3.0).round().clamp(*jpeg::SCANS.start() as f64, *jpeg::SCANS.end() as f64) as u8;
             if ui.add(egui::DragValue::new(&mut scans).range(jpeg::SCANS)).changed() {
                 d.fields.insert("scans".into(), json!(scans));
@@ -266,11 +266,11 @@ fn method_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, label: &dyn Fn(&mut egui::Ui, &
 /// The PNG-8 and GIF Options rows: the palette (reduction, colours, dither and amount),
 /// transparency and matte, interlacing.
 fn palette_rows(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, label: &dyn Fn(&mut egui::Ui, &str) -> egui::Response) {
-    label(ui, "Color Reduction:");
+    label(ui, tl!("Color Reduction:"));
     choice(ui, d, "reduction", &Reduction::ALL.map(Reduction::id), &Reduction::ALL.map(Reduction::label));
     ui.end_row();
 
-    label(ui, "Colors:");
+    label(ui, tl!("Colors:"));
     let mut n = d.f64("colors", 256.0).round().clamp(2.0, 256.0) as u16;
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "ro-colors", &n.to_string(), &COLOR_COUNTS, 70.0) {
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ fn palette_rows(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, label: &dyn Fn(&mut egui::Ui,
     });
     ui.end_row();
 
-    label(ui, "Dither:");
+    label(ui, tl!("Dither:"));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         choice(ui, d, "dither", &Dither::ALL.map(Dither::id), &Dither::ALL.map(Dither::label));
         if Dither::from_id(&d.str("dither")).is_some_and(|x| x != Dither::None) {
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ fn palette_rows(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, label: &dyn Fn(&mut egui::Ui,
     });
     ui.end_row();
 
-    label(ui, "Matte:");
+    label(ui, tl!("Matte:"));
     let matte = d.str("matte");
     let at = MATTES.iter().position(|v| matte.eq_ignore_ascii_case(v)).unwrap_or(3);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
@@ -310,8 +310,8 @@ fn palette_rows(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, label: &dyn Fn(&mut egui::Ui,
 
     ui.label("");
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        form::check(ui, d, "transparency", "Transparency");
-        form::check(ui, d, "interlaced", "Interlaced");
+        form::check(ui, d, "transparency", tl!("Transparency"));
+        form::check(ui, d, "interlaced", tl!("Interlaced"));
     });
     ui.end_row();
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/print.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/print.rs
index 58ad7297d..808d70878 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/print.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/print.rs
@@ -36,13 +36,13 @@ use vectorcraft_engine::cmd::printpresets::DEFAULT_PRESET;
 pub(super) const KIND: &str = "print";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Print".into(), body, confirm, ok: Some("Print"), discard: Some("Done"), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Print").into(), body, confirm, ok: Some("Print"), discard: Some("Done"), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// The dialog kind of the preset editor (New / Edit in Edit → Print Presets).
 pub(super) const PRESET_KIND: &str = "printPreset";
 
 pub(super) const PRESET_SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
-    heading: |d| if d.str(EDITING).is_empty() { "New Print Preset" } else { "Edit Print Preset" }.into(),
+    heading: |d| if d.str(EDITING).is_empty() { tl!("New Print Preset") } else { tl!("Edit Print Preset") }.into(),
     body,
     confirm: confirm_preset,
     ok: Some("Save Preset"),
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         app.status(e);
     }
     if d.kind == PRESET_KIND {
-        row_with(ui, "Preset name:", TOP_LABEL_WIDTH, |ui| {
+        row_with(ui, tl!("Preset name:"), TOP_LABEL_WIDTH, |ui| {
             form::text_edit(ui, d, "name", 288.0);
         });
     } else {
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         ui.add_space(14.0);
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
             ui.set_width(500.0);
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(section).font(theme::semibold(14.0)).color(t.text_strong));
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(section)).font(theme::semibold(14.0)).color(t.text_strong));
             egui::ScrollArea::vertical().id_salt(("print", section)).max_height(360.0).auto_shrink([false, false]).show(ui, |ui| match section {
                 "Marks and Bleed" => super::save_pdf::marks_and_bleeds(app, ui, d),
                 "Output" => output(ui, d, &preview),
@@ -263,11 +263,11 @@ fn preset_rows(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     let mut picked = None;
     let asking = d.fields.contains_key(SAVE_AS);
     let mut ask = false;
-    row_with(ui, "Print Preset:", TOP_LABEL_WIDTH, |ui| {
+    row_with(ui, tl!("Print Preset:"), TOP_LABEL_WIDTH, |ui| {
         picked =
             widgets::dropdown(ui, "print-preset", if same { &name } else { CUSTOM }, &names, 300.0).and_then(|i| names.get(i)).map(|n| n.to_string());
-        let save = ui.add_enabled_ui(!asking, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, "Save Preset…", 96.0)).inner;
-        ask = save.on_hover_text("Save these settings as a print preset").clicked();
+        let save = ui.add_enabled_ui(!asking, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Save Preset…"), 96.0)).inner;
+        ask = save.on_hover_text(tl!("Save these settings as a print preset")).clicked();
     });
     if let Some(n) = picked {
         // Picking the preset shown again brings its settings back.
@@ -281,14 +281,14 @@ fn preset_rows(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
         d.fields.insert(SAVE_AS.into(), json!(app.session.new_print_preset_name()));
     }
     if d.fields.contains_key(SAVE_AS) {
-        row_with(ui, "Save as preset:", TOP_LABEL_WIDTH, |ui| {
+        row_with(ui, tl!("Save as preset:"), TOP_LABEL_WIDTH, |ui| {
             form::text_edit(ui, d, SAVE_AS, 200.0);
-            if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Save", 52.0).clicked()
+            if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Save"), 52.0).clicked()
                 && let Err(e) = save_preset(app, d)
             {
                 app.status(e);
             }
-            if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Cancel", 60.0).clicked() {
+            if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Cancel"), 60.0).clicked() {
                 d.fields.remove(SAVE_AS);
             }
         });
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ fn printer_row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     } else {
         printer.as_str()
     };
-    row_with(ui, "Printer:", TOP_LABEL_WIDTH, |ui| {
+    row_with(ui, tl!("Printer:"), TOP_LABEL_WIDTH, |ui| {
         let options: Vec<&str> = labels.iter().map(String::as_str).collect();
         match widgets::dropdown(ui, "print-printer", current, &options, 300.0).and_then(|i| entries.get(i)) {
             Some(Destination::Printer(name)) => {
@@ -348,8 +348,8 @@ fn printer_row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
             None => {}
         }
         let to_file = d.bool("toFile");
-        let tip = if setup { "The system's settings of this printer" } else { "No printer settings to open here" };
-        if ui.add_enabled_ui(setup && !to_file, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, "Setup…", 72.0)).inner.on_hover_text(tip).clicked()
+        let tip = if setup { tl!("The system's settings of this printer") } else { tl!("No printer settings to open here") };
+        if ui.add_enabled_ui(setup && !to_file, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Setup…"), 72.0)).inner.on_hover_text(tip).clicked()
             && let Err(e) = app.run("print.printerSetup", json!({ "printer": d.str("printer") }))
         {
             app.status(e);
@@ -395,9 +395,9 @@ fn page_preview(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, pv:
     let sheet = pv.as_ref().ok().and_then(|v| current_sheet(d, v));
     let Some((index, count, sheet)) = sheet else {
         let text = match pv {
-            _ if app.session.active().is_none() => "Open a document to preview its pages",
-            Ok(_) => "Nothing to print",
-            Err(_) => "Can't print these settings: see the Summary",
+            _ if app.session.active().is_none() => tl!("Open a document to preview its pages"),
+            Ok(_) => tl!("Nothing to print"),
+            Err(_) => tl!("Can't print these settings: see the Summary"),
         };
         let font = egui::FontId::proportional(11.0);
         let galley = ui.painter().layout(text.into(), font, t.text_dim, rect.width() - 16.0);
@@ -462,26 +462,26 @@ fn page_preview(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, pv:
         clip.rect_stroke(r, 0.0, egui::Stroke::new(1.0, t.accent), egui::StrokeKind::Middle);
     }
     let resp = if tiling { resp } else { resp.on_hover_cursor(egui::CursorIcon::Grab) };
-    resp.on_hover_text(if tiling { "The page as it prints" } else { "Drag the art to move it on the paper" });
+    resp.on_hover_text(if tiling { tl!("The page as it prints") } else { tl!("Drag the art to move it on the paper") });
     // ◀ n of N ▶, then what the page is.
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.x = 2.0;
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "chevron-left", "Previous page", false, index > 0, 20.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "chevron-left", tl!("Previous page"), false, index > 0, 20.0).clicked() {
             d.fields.insert("__sheet".into(), json!(index - 1));
         }
-        let text = format!("{} of {count}", index + 1);
+        let text = crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("{page} of {count}"), &[("page", &(index + 1).to_string()), ("count", &count.to_string())]);
         ui.add_sized([PREVIEW.x - 44.0, 20.0], egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(text).size(11.5).color(t.text)));
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "chevron-right", "Next page", false, index + 1 < count, 20.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "chevron-right", tl!("Next page"), false, index + 1 < count, 20.0).clicked() {
             d.fields.insert("__sheet".into(), json!(index + 1));
         }
     });
     let mut what = vec![];
     match sheet["artboard"].as_u64() {
-        Some(a) => what.push(format!("Artboard {}", a + 1)),
-        None => what.push("All the art".into()),
+        Some(a) => what.push(crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Artboard {number}"), &[("number", &(a + 1).to_string())])),
+        None => what.push(tl!("All the art").into()),
     }
     if let Some(tile) = sheet["tile"].as_u64() {
-        what.push(format!("tile {tile}"));
+        what.push(crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("tile {number}"), &[("number", &tile.to_string())]));
     }
     if let Some(ink) = sheet["ink"].as_str() {
         what.push(ink.to_string());
@@ -563,17 +563,17 @@ fn whole(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, path: &str, range: std::ops::RangeIn
 
 fn general(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     let unit = app.session.general_unit();
-    row(ui, "Copies:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Copies:"), |ui| {
         whole(ui, d, "copies", 1.0..=f64::from(vectorcraft_pdf::MAX_COPIES), true);
         ui.add_space(12.0);
         let copies = get(d, "copies").as_u64().unwrap_or(1);
-        flag(ui, d, "collate", "Collate", copies > 1);
-        flag(ui, d, "reverse", "Reverse Order", true);
+        flag(ui, d, "collate", tl!("Collate"), copies > 1);
+        flag(ui, d, "reverse", tl!("Reverse Order"), true);
     });
-    heading(ui, "Artboards");
+    heading(ui, tl!("Artboards"));
     let artboards = choice::<PrintArtboards>(d, "artboards").unwrap_or(PrintArtboards::All);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        for (a, label) in [(PrintArtboards::All, "All"), (PrintArtboards::Range, "Range:")] {
+        for (a, label) in [(PrintArtboards::All, tl!("All")), (PrintArtboards::Range, tl!("Range:"))] {
             if widgets::radio(ui, label, artboards == a, true) {
                 set(d, "artboards", json!(a.id()));
             }
@@ -584,43 +584,43 @@ fn general(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
             set(d, "range", json!(range));
         }
     });
-    if widgets::radio(ui, "Ignore Artboards (all the art as one page)", artboards == PrintArtboards::Ignore, true) {
+    if widgets::radio(ui, tl!("Ignore Artboards (all the art as one page)"), artboards == PrintArtboards::Ignore, true) {
         set(d, "artboards", json!(PrintArtboards::Ignore.id()));
     }
-    flag(ui, d, "skipBlank", "Skip Blank Artboards", artboards != PrintArtboards::Ignore);
-    heading(ui, "Media");
-    row(ui, "Size:", |ui| {
+    flag(ui, d, "skipBlank", tl!("Skip Blank Artboards"), artboards != PrintArtboards::Ignore);
+    heading(ui, tl!("Media"));
+    row(ui, tl!("Size:"), |ui| {
         pick::<Media>(ui, d, "media", 160.0, |_| true);
     });
     // A paper size shows its size; Custom takes one.
     let media = choice::<Media>(d, "media").unwrap_or_default();
-    row(ui, "Width:", |ui| match media.size() {
+    row(ui, tl!("Width:"), |ui| match media.size() {
         Some((w, h)) => {
             ui.add_enabled_ui(false, |ui| widgets::num_field(ui, "print-media-w", Some(w), unit, 80.0));
-            ui.label("Height:");
+            ui.label(tl!("Height:"));
             ui.add_enabled_ui(false, |ui| widgets::num_field(ui, "print-media-h", Some(h), unit, 80.0));
         }
         None => {
             length(ui, d, "width", unit, true);
-            ui.label("Height:");
+            ui.label(tl!("Height:"));
             length(ui, d, "height", unit, true);
         }
     });
-    heading(ui, "Orientation");
-    flag(ui, d, "autoRotate", "Auto-Rotate (turn the paper to each artboard)", true);
+    heading(ui, tl!("Orientation"));
+    flag(ui, d, "autoRotate", tl!("Auto-Rotate (turn the paper to each artboard)"), true);
     let auto = get(d, "autoRotate").as_bool() == Some(true);
-    row(ui, "Orientation:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Orientation:"), |ui| {
         ui.add_enabled_ui(!auto, |ui| pick::<Orientation>(ui, d, "orientation", 160.0, |_| true));
     });
-    flag(ui, d, "transverse", "Transverse (the page a quarter turn on the paper)", true);
-    heading(ui, "Options");
-    row(ui, "Print Layers:", |ui| {
+    flag(ui, d, "transverse", tl!("Transverse (the page a quarter turn on the paper)"), true);
+    heading(ui, tl!("Options"));
+    row(ui, tl!("Print Layers:"), |ui| {
         pick::<PrintLayers>(ui, d, "printLayers", 220.0, |_| true);
     });
     let scaling = choice::<PrintScaling>(d, "scaling").unwrap_or(PrintScaling::None);
     let tiles = scaling.tiles();
     let placed = get(d, PLACED).as_bool() == Some(true);
-    row(ui, "Placement:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Placement:"), |ui| {
         ui.add_enabled_ui(!tiles && !placed, |ui| {
             let origin = choice::<Origin>(d, "placement.origin").unwrap_or_default();
             let current = Origin::ALL.iter().position(|o| *o == origin).unwrap_or(4);
@@ -635,50 +635,50 @@ fn general(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     });
     if placed {
         row(ui, "", |ui| {
-            note(ui, "The Print Tiling tool placed the pages.");
-            if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Reset", 56.0).on_hover_text("Place the pages with the placement again").clicked() {
+            note(ui, tl!("The Print Tiling tool placed the pages."));
+            if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Reset"), 56.0).on_hover_text(tl!("Place the pages with the placement again")).clicked() {
                 set(d, PLACED, json!(false));
             }
         });
     }
-    row(ui, "Scaling:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Scaling:"), |ui| {
         pick::<PrintScaling>(ui, d, "scaling", 180.0, |_| true);
     });
-    row(ui, "Scale:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Scale:"), |ui| {
         let on = scaling == PrintScaling::Custom || tiles;
-        ui.label("W:");
+        ui.label(tl!("W:"));
         number(ui, d, "scale.width", "%", on);
-        ui.label("H:");
+        ui.label(tl!("H:"));
         number(ui, d, "scale.height", "%", on);
     });
-    row(ui, "Overlap:", |ui| length(ui, d, "overlap", unit, tiles));
-    row(ui, "Tile Range:", |ui| text(ui, d, "tileRange", tiles));
+    row(ui, tl!("Overlap:"), |ui| length(ui, d, "overlap", unit, tiles));
+    row(ui, tl!("Tile Range:"), |ui| text(ui, d, "tileRange", tiles));
     if tiles {
-        note(ui, "Tiles are numbered across, then down; leave the range empty for every tile.");
+        note(ui, tl!("Tiles are numbered across, then down; leave the range empty for every tile."));
     }
 }
 
 fn output(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, pv: &Result<Value, String>) {
-    row(ui, "Mode:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Mode:"), |ui| {
         pick::<OutputMode>(ui, d, "output.mode", 160.0, |_| true);
     });
-    row(ui, "Emulsion:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Emulsion:"), |ui| {
         pick::<Emulsion>(ui, d, "output.emulsion", 160.0, |_| true);
     });
-    row(ui, "Image:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Image:"), |ui| {
         pick::<PrintImage>(ui, d, "output.image", 160.0, |_| true);
     });
     let separations = choice::<OutputMode>(d, "output.mode") == Some(OutputMode::Separations);
-    flag(ui, d, "output.spotsToProcess", "Convert All Spot Colors to Process", separations);
-    heading(ui, "Document Ink Options");
+    flag(ui, d, "output.spotsToProcess", tl!("Convert All Spot Colors to Process"), separations);
+    heading(ui, tl!("Document Ink Options"));
     let inks = pv.as_ref().ok().and_then(|v| v["inks"].as_array()).map(Vec::as_slice).unwrap_or_default();
     if !separations || inks.is_empty() {
-        note(ui, "Separations list the document's inks here: one page per ink that prints.");
+        note(ui, tl!("Separations list the document's inks here: one page per ink that prints."));
         return;
     }
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     egui::Grid::new("print-inks").num_columns(4).spacing([12.0, 4.0]).show(ui, |ui| {
-        for h in ["Print", "Ink", "Frequency", "Angle"] {
+        for h in [tl!("Print"), tl!("Ink"), tl!("Frequency"), tl!("Angle")] {
             ui.label(egui::RichText::new(h).size(11.5).color(t.text_dim));
         }
         ui.end_row();
@@ -688,7 +688,7 @@ fn output(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, pv: &Result<Value, String>) {
             if widgets::check(ui, "", on, true) {
                 set_ink(d, name, "print", json!(!on));
             }
-            let spot = if ink["spot"] == true { " (spot)" } else { "" };
+            let spot = if ink["spot"] == true { format!(" ({})", tl!("spot")) } else { String::new() };
             ui.label(egui::RichText::new(format!("{name}{spot}")).color(t.text));
             for (k, suffix) in [("frequency", " lpi"), ("angle", "°")] {
                 let v = ink[k].as_f64().unwrap_or(0.0);
@@ -699,7 +699,7 @@ fn output(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, pv: &Result<Value, String>) {
             ui.end_row();
         }
     });
-    note(ui, "Frequencies and angles are the output device's to apply.");
+    note(ui, tl!("Frequencies and angles are the output device's to apply."));
 }
 
 /// Set option `key` of ink `name` in `output.inks` (the ink gets its own entry the first time).
@@ -717,15 +717,15 @@ fn set_ink(d: &mut Dialog, name: &str, key: &str, value: Value) {
 }
 
 fn graphics(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
-    heading(ui, "Paths");
-    flag(ui, d, "graphics.autoFlatness", "Automatic flatness", true);
+    heading(ui, tl!("Paths"));
+    flag(ui, d, "graphics.autoFlatness", tl!("Automatic flatness"), true);
     let auto = get(d, "graphics.autoFlatness").as_bool() == Some(true);
-    row(ui, "Flatness:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Flatness:"), |ui| {
         number(ui, d, "graphics.flatness", "", !auto);
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("0.2 (quality) to 100 (speed)").size(11.5).color(Tokens::get(ui.ctx()).text_dim));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("0.2 (quality) to 100 (speed)")).size(11.5).color(Tokens::get(ui.ctx()).text_dim));
     });
-    heading(ui, "Fonts");
-    row(ui, "Download:", |ui| {
+    heading(ui, tl!("Fonts"));
+    row(ui, tl!("Download:"), |ui| {
         pick::<FontDownload>(ui, d, "graphics.fonts", 160.0, |_| true);
     });
 }
@@ -733,37 +733,39 @@ fn graphics(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
 fn color(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     let profiles = vectorcraft_color::cms::profiles();
     let names: Vec<&str> = std::iter::once(SAME_AS_SOURCE).chain(profiles.iter().map(|p| p.name.as_str())).collect();
-    row(ui, "Printer profile:", |ui| super::save_pdf::profile_pick(ui, d, "color.profile", &names, true));
-    note(ui, "Composite colours are converted to it; separations separate with it when it is a CMYK profile.");
-    row(ui, "Rendering intent:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Printer profile:"), |ui| super::save_pdf::profile_pick(ui, d, "color.profile", &names, true));
+    note(ui, tl!("Composite colours are converted to it; separations separate with it when it is a CMYK profile."));
+    row(ui, tl!("Rendering intent:"), |ui| {
         let current = serde_json::from_value::<Intent>(get(d, "color.intent").clone()).unwrap_or_default();
         let labels: Vec<&str> = Intent::ALL.iter().map(Intent::label).collect();
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "color.intent", current.label(), &labels, 200.0).and_then(|i| Intent::ALL.get(i)) {
             set(d, "color.intent", serde_json::to_value(i).unwrap_or_default());
         }
     });
-    note(ui, "How colours outside the press's gamut are separated.");
-    flag(ui, d, "color.preserveNumbers", "Preserve CMYK Numbers", true);
-    note(ui, "CMYK colours print with their own values; off, they go through the colour settings too.");
+    note(ui, tl!("How colours outside the press's gamut are separated."));
+    flag(ui, d, "color.preserveNumbers", tl!("Preserve CMYK Numbers"), true);
+    note(ui, tl!("CMYK colours print with their own values; off, they go through the colour settings too."));
 }
 
 fn advanced(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
-    heading(ui, "Printer");
-    row(ui, "Unprintable margin:", |ui| length(ui, d, "margin", app.session.general_unit(), true));
-    note(ui, "The edge of the paper the printer can't reach: the art goes inside it, and the preview shows it dashed.");
+    heading(ui, tl!("Printer"));
+    row(ui, tl!("Unprintable margin:"), |ui| length(ui, d, "margin", app.session.general_unit(), true));
+    note(ui, tl!("The edge of the paper the printer can't reach: the art goes inside it, and the preview shows it dashed."));
     let composite = choice::<OutputMode>(d, "output.mode") != Some(OutputMode::Separations);
-    flag(ui, d, "advanced.printAsBitmap", "Print as Bitmap", composite);
-    note(ui, "Each page prints as one image, at the document's raster effects resolution.");
-    heading(ui, "Overprint and Transparency Flattener Options");
-    row(ui, "Overprints:", |ui| {
+    flag(ui, d, "advanced.printAsBitmap", tl!("Print as Bitmap"), composite);
+    note(ui, tl!("Each page prints as one image, at the document's raster effects resolution."));
+    heading(ui, tl!("Overprint and Transparency Flattener Options"));
+    row(ui, tl!("Overprints:"), |ui| {
         ui.add_enabled_ui(composite, |ui| pick::<PrintOverprints>(ui, d, "advanced.overprints", 160.0, |_| true));
     });
     let presets = app.session.flattener_presets();
     let names: Vec<&str> = std::iter::once(KEEP_TRANSPARENCY).chain(presets.iter().map(|p| p.name.as_str())).collect();
-    row(ui, "Preset:", |ui| super::save_pdf::profile_pick(ui, d, "advanced.flattenerPreset", &names, true));
+    row(ui, tl!("Preset:"), |ui| super::save_pdf::profile_pick(ui, d, "advanced.flattenerPreset", &names, true));
     note(
         ui,
-        "Simulate prints overprints as Overprint Preview shows them; separations always keep them. A preset flattens transparency before printing (PostScript files always flatten it).",
+        tl!(
+            "Simulate prints overprints as Overprint Preview shows them; separations always keep them. A preset flattens transparency before printing (PostScript files always flatten it)."
+        ),
     );
 }
 
@@ -827,28 +829,34 @@ fn summary(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, pv: &Result<Value, String>, has_do
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     match pv {
         Ok(v) => {
-            heading(ui, "Pages");
+            heading(ui, tl!("Pages"));
             let per_copy = v["sheets"].as_array().map_or(0, Vec::len);
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(format!("{} in all, {per_copy} per copy", v["pages"])).color(t.text));
+            ui.label(
+                egui::RichText::new(crate::i18n::fmt(
+                    tl!("{pages} in all, {count} per copy"),
+                    &[("pages", &v["pages"].to_string()), ("count", &per_copy.to_string())],
+                ))
+                .color(t.text),
+            );
         }
         // A preset edited without a document has no pages to count.
         Err(_) if !has_doc => {}
         Err(e) => {
-            heading(ui, "Error");
+            heading(ui, tl!("Error"));
             ui.label(egui::RichText::new(format!("⚠ {e}")).color(t.text));
         }
     }
-    heading(ui, "Options");
+    heading(ui, tl!("Options"));
     let mut changed = vec![];
     vectorcraft_engine::cmd::fileio::pdf::changed("", &settings(d), &DEFAULTS, &mut changed);
     changed.sort_by_key(|c| section_of(c["option"].as_str().unwrap_or_default()).0);
     labelled(&mut changed);
     if changed.is_empty() {
-        note(ui, "Every option is at its default.");
+        note(ui, tl!("Every option is at its default."));
     }
     super::save_pdf::option_rows(ui, &changed, option_label);
     if let Ok(v) = pv {
-        heading(ui, "Warnings");
+        heading(ui, tl!("Warnings"));
         super::save_pdf::warning_rows(ui, v["warnings"].as_array().map(Vec::as_slice).unwrap_or_default());
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/print_presets.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/print_presets.rs
index 763a071a0..1d1da4898 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/print_presets.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/print_presets.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
 pub const KIND: &str = "printPresets";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
-    heading: |_| "Print Presets".into(),
+    heading: |_| tl!("Print Presets").into(),
     body,
     confirm: |app, _| {
         app.ui.dialog = None;
@@ -58,13 +58,13 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     ui.horizontal_top(|ui| {
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
             ui.set_width(280.0);
-            widgets::dim_label(ui, "Presets:");
+            widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Presets:"));
             widgets::list_box(ui, |ui| {
                 egui::ScrollArea::vertical().id_salt("print-presets").min_scrolled_height(240.0).max_height(240.0).show(ui, |ui| {
                     ui.set_width(ui.available_width());
                     ui.set_min_height(240.0);
                     for (k, n) in std::iter::once(DEFAULT_PRESET).chain(saved.iter().map(|p| p.name.as_str())).enumerate() {
-                        if ui.selectable_label(k == i, n).clicked() {
+                        if ui.selectable_label(k == i, if k == 0 { tl!(n) } else { n }).clicked() {
                             act = Some(Action::Select(n.to_string()));
                         }
                     }
@@ -73,19 +73,19 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
             ui.add_space(6.0);
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
                 ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.x = 4.0;
-                if widgets::flat_button(ui, "New…", 48.0).on_hover_text("A new preset starting from the selected one").clicked() {
+                if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("New…"), 48.0).on_hover_text(tl!("A new preset starting from the selected one")).clicked() {
                     act = Some(Action::New);
                 }
-                if ui.add_enabled_ui(!builtin, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, "Edit…", 48.0)).inner.clicked() {
+                if ui.add_enabled_ui(!builtin, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Edit…"), 48.0)).inner.clicked() {
                     act = Some(Action::Edit);
                 }
-                if ui.add_enabled_ui(!builtin, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, "Delete", 52.0)).inner.clicked() {
+                if ui.add_enabled_ui(!builtin, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Delete"), 52.0)).inner.clicked() {
                     act = Some(Action::Delete);
                 }
-                if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Import…", 60.0).clicked() {
+                if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Import…"), 60.0).clicked() {
                     act = Some(Action::Import);
                 }
-                if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Export…", 60.0).on_hover_text("Save the selected preset to a file").clicked() {
+                if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Export…"), 60.0).on_hover_text(tl!("Save the selected preset to a file")).clicked() {
                     act = Some(Action::Export);
                 }
             });
@@ -95,19 +95,19 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
             ui.set_width(300.0);
             ui.label(egui::RichText::new(&name).color(t.text_strong).strong());
             ui.add_space(8.0);
-            widgets::dim_label(ui, &format!("Differences from {DEFAULT_PRESET}:"));
+            widgets::dim_label(ui, &crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Differences from {preset}:"), &[("preset", DEFAULT_PRESET)]));
             let settings = i.checked_sub(1).and_then(|k| saved.get(k)).map(|p| &p.settings);
             let mut changed = settings.map(|s| changes(s, &Default::default())).unwrap_or_default();
             changed.sort_by_key(|c| section_of(c["option"].as_str().unwrap_or_default()).0);
             egui::ScrollArea::vertical().id_salt("print-preset-details").max_height(200.0).show(ui, |ui| {
                 if changed.is_empty() {
-                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new("None.").color(t.text_dim).size(11.5));
+                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("None.")).color(t.text_dim).size(11.5));
                 }
                 option_rows(ui, &changed, option_label);
             });
             if builtin {
                 ui.add_space(6.0);
-                ui.label(egui::RichText::new("[Default] is protected: New… starts an editable copy.").color(t.text_dim).size(11.5));
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("[Default] is protected: New… starts an editable copy.")).color(t.text_dim).size(11.5));
             }
         });
     });
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/psd_options.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/psd_options.rs
index 17c2f4c97..df31d80bb 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/psd_options.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/psd_options.rs
@@ -25,18 +25,18 @@ pub(super) fn defaults(cmyk: bool, o: &mut Map<String, Value>) {
 
 /// The grid rows of PSD's own options.
 pub(super) fn rows(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, label: &dyn Fn(&mut egui::Ui, &str) -> egui::Response) {
-    label(ui, "Color Model:");
+    label(ui, tl!("Color Model:"));
     choice(ui, d, "colorModel", &ColorModel::ALL.map(ColorModel::id), &ColorModel::ALL.map(ColorModel::label));
     ui.end_row();
 
-    label(ui, "Options:");
+    label(ui, tl!("Options:"));
     ui.vertical(|ui| {
         let mut layers = d.bool("layers");
-        if ui.radio_value(&mut layers, false, "Flat Image").changed() | ui.radio_value(&mut layers, true, "Write Layers").changed() {
+        if ui.radio_value(&mut layers, false, tl!("Flat Image")).changed() | ui.radio_value(&mut layers, true, tl!("Write Layers")).changed() {
             d.fields.insert("layers".into(), json!(layers));
         }
         ui.add_enabled_ui(layers, |ui| {
-            for (key, text) in [("maxEditability", "Maximum Editability"), ("hiddenLayers", "Include Hidden Layers")] {
+            for (key, text) in [("maxEditability", tl!("Maximum Editability")), ("hiddenLayers", tl!("Include Hidden Layers"))] {
                 ui.horizontal(|ui| {
                     ui.add_space(22.0);
                     form::check(ui, d, key, text);
@@ -47,6 +47,6 @@ pub(super) fn rows(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, label: &dyn Fn(&mut egui::
     ui.end_row();
 
     ui.label("");
-    form::check(ui, d, "embedIcc", "Embed ICC Profile");
+    form::check(ui, d, "embedIcc", tl!("Embed ICC Profile"));
     ui.end_row();
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/raster_effects.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/raster_effects.rs
index 7ef9e2ea7..b24a293ca 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/raster_effects.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/raster_effects.rs
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ const CMD: &str = "document.rasterEffectsSettings";
 const RESOLUTIONS: [(f64, &str); 3] = [(72.0, "Screen (72 ppi)"), (150.0, "Medium (150 ppi)"), (300.0, "High (300 ppi)")];
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
-    heading: |_| "Document Raster Effects Settings".into(),
+    heading: |_| tl!("Document Raster Effects Settings").into(),
     body,
     confirm,
     min_width: 440.0,
@@ -44,9 +44,9 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     // Resolution: a preset, or Other with its own value.
     let ppi = d.f64("resolution", 72.0);
     let preset = RESOLUTIONS.iter().position(|(p, _)| (*p - ppi).abs() < 1e-9);
-    let mut labels: Vec<&str> = RESOLUTIONS.iter().map(|(_, l)| *l).collect();
-    labels.push("Other");
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Resolution:", LABEL, |ui| {
+    let mut labels: Vec<&str> = RESOLUTIONS.iter().map(|(_, l)| tl!(l)).collect();
+    labels.push(tl!("Other"));
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Resolution:"), LABEL, |ui| {
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "raster-resolution", labels[preset.unwrap_or(RESOLUTIONS.len())], &labels, 170.0) {
             // Other keeps the current value to edit.
             if let Some((p, _)) = RESOLUTIONS.get(i) {
@@ -64,11 +64,11 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     ui.add_space(4.0);
     let own =
         if app.session.active().is_some_and(|s| s.doc.color_mode == vectorcraft_doc::ColorMode::Cmyk) { ("cmyk", "CMYK") } else { ("rgb", "RGB") };
-    choice(ui, d, "colorModel", "Color Model:", &[own, ("grayscale", "Grayscale"), ("bitmap", "Bitmap")]);
+    choice(ui, d, "colorModel", tl!("Color Model:"), &[own, ("grayscale", tl!("Grayscale")), ("bitmap", tl!("Bitmap"))]);
     ui.add_space(6.0);
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Background:", LABEL, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Background:"), LABEL, |ui| {
         let cur = d.str("background");
-        for (id, label) in [("white", "White"), ("transparent", "Transparent")] {
+        for (id, label) in [("white", tl!("White")), ("transparent", tl!("Transparent"))] {
             if widgets::radio(ui, label, cur == id, true) {
                 d.fields.insert("background".into(), json!(id));
             }
@@ -76,21 +76,21 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         }
     });
     ui.add_space(10.0);
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Options");
-    check(ui, d, "antiAlias", "Anti-alias");
-    check(ui, d, "clippingMask", "Create Clipping Mask");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Options"));
+    check(ui, d, "antiAlias", tl!("Anti-alias"));
+    check(ui, d, "clippingMask", tl!("Create Clipping Mask"));
     let unit = app.session.general_unit();
     let t = crate::theme::Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Add").color(t.text));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Add")).color(t.text));
         if let Some(v) = widgets::num_field(ui, "raster-add-around", Some(d.f64("addAround", 0.0)), unit, 80.0) {
             d.fields.insert("addAround".into(), json!(v));
         }
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Around Object").color(t.text));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Around Object")).color(t.text));
     });
-    check(ui, d, "preserveSpotColors", "Preserve Spot Colors");
+    check(ui, d, "preserveSpotColors", tl!("Preserve Spot Colors"));
     ui.add_space(8.0);
-    super::form::caption(ui, "Changing these settings changes how raster effects look when exported, flattened or expanded.");
+    super::form::caption(ui, tl!("Changing these settings changes how raster effects look when exported, flattened or expanded."));
     false
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/recolor.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/recolor.rs
index bd2605871..e58e296f3 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/recolor.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/recolor.rs
@@ -36,8 +36,15 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
 /// The dialog kind of Recolor Artwork.
 pub const KIND: &str = "recolor";
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Recolor Artwork".into(), body, confirm, preview: true, min_width: 540.0, max_width: Some(560.0), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
+    heading: |_| tl!("Recolor Artwork").into(),
+    body,
+    confirm,
+    preview: true,
+    min_width: 540.0,
+    max_width: Some(560.0),
+    ..DialogSpec::FORM
+};
 
 const CMD: &str = "recolor.apply";
 /// Width of the current colours of a row.
@@ -203,7 +210,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         let tab = d.str("tab");
-        for (id, label) in [("assign", "Assign"), ("edit", "Edit")] {
+        for (id, label) in [("assign", tl!("Assign")), ("edit", tl!("Edit"))] {
             if ui.selectable_label(tab == id || (id == "assign" && tab != "edit"), egui::RichText::new(label).font(theme::semibold(12.5))).clicked() {
                 d.fields.insert("tab".into(), json!(id));
             }
@@ -212,7 +219,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
             if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "recolor-preset", PRESETS[preset_of(d)], &PRESETS, 130.0) {
                 set_preset(app, d, i);
             }
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Preset:").color(t.text_dim));
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Preset:")).color(t.text_dim));
         });
     });
     widgets::divider(ui);
@@ -228,7 +235,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     if d.fields.get("group").is_some_and(Value::is_string) || d.bool("__newGroup") {
         ui.add_space(6.0);
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Color Group:").color(t.text_dim));
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Color Group:")).color(t.text_dim));
             form::text(ui, d, "groupName", 200.0);
         });
     }
@@ -289,16 +296,16 @@ fn assign_tab(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, d: &mut Dialog, rows: &mut
     // Reduction and the preserve rules apply to art (a colour group alone has a row per colour).
     if d.bool("__art") {
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Colors:").color(t.text_dim));
-            let labels: Vec<String> = std::iter::once("Auto".to_string()).chain((1..=total).map(|n| n.to_string())).collect();
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Colors:")).color(t.text_dim));
+            let labels: Vec<String> = std::iter::once(tl!("Auto").to_string()).chain((1..=total).map(|n| n.to_string())).collect();
             let refs: Vec<&str> = labels.iter().map(String::as_str).collect();
-            let cur = d.fields.get("colors").and_then(Value::as_u64).map_or("Auto".to_string(), |n| n.to_string());
+            let cur = d.fields.get("colors").and_then(Value::as_u64).map_or(tl!("Auto").to_string(), |n| n.to_string());
             if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "recolor-count", &cur, &refs, 70.0) {
                 d.fields.insert("colors".into(), if i == 0 { Value::Null } else { json!(i) });
             }
             ui.add_space(18.0);
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Preserve:").color(t.text_dim));
-            for (k, label) in [("preserveWhite", "White"), ("preserveBlack", "Black"), ("preserveGrays", "Grays")] {
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Preserve:")).color(t.text_dim));
+            for (k, label) in [("preserveWhite", tl!("White")), ("preserveBlack", tl!("Black")), ("preserveGrays", tl!("Grays"))] {
                 let on = d.bool(k);
                 if widgets::check(ui, label, on, true) {
                     d.fields.insert(k.into(), json!(!on));
@@ -309,9 +316,14 @@ fn assign_tab(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, d: &mut Dialog, rows: &mut
     }
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.add_space(6.0);
-        ui.add_sized([CURRENT_W, 16.0], egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(format!("Current Colors ({total})")).color(t.text_dim)));
+        ui.add_sized(
+            [CURRENT_W, 16.0],
+            egui::Label::new(
+                egui::RichText::new(crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Current Colors ({total})"), &[("total", &total.to_string())])).color(t.text_dim),
+            ),
+        );
         ui.add_space(60.0);
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("New").color(t.text_dim));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("New")).color(t.text_dim));
     });
     let mut sel = selection(d);
     let mut clicked: Option<usize> = None;
@@ -321,7 +333,7 @@ fn assign_tab(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, d: &mut Dialog, rows: &mut
             ui.set_min_height(TABLE_H);
             if rows.is_empty() {
                 ui.add_space(8.0);
-                widgets::dim_label(ui, "No colors to recolor (preserved colors are left out).");
+                widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("No colors to recolor (preserved colors are left out)."));
             }
             for (i, row) in rows.iter_mut().enumerate() {
                 let bg = ui.painter().add(egui::Shape::Noop);
@@ -340,7 +352,7 @@ fn assign_tab(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, d: &mut Dialog, rows: &mut
                     }
                     let (ar, aresp) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(44.0, 20.0), Sense::click());
                     arrow(ui, ar, !off, aresp.hovered());
-                    if aresp.on_hover_text(if off { "Recolor this row" } else { "Keep this row's colors (exclude)" }).clicked() {
+                    if aresp.on_hover_text(if off { tl!("Recolor this row") } else { tl!("Keep this row's colors (exclude)") }).clicked() {
                         row["exclude"] = json!(!off);
                         changed = true;
                     }
@@ -379,20 +391,20 @@ fn assign_tab(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, d: &mut Dialog, rows: &mut
     ui.add_space(4.0);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         let can_merge = sel.len() > 1;
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "combine", "Merge colors into one row", false, can_merge, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "combine", tl!("Merge colors into one row"), false, can_merge, 24.0).clicked() {
             merge(rows, &sel);
             d.fields.insert("__sel".into(), json!([sel.iter().min()]));
             changed = true;
         }
         let can_split = sel.iter().any(|i| rows.get(*i).is_some_and(|r| r["from"].as_array().is_some_and(|a| a.len() > 1)));
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "ungroup", "Separate colors into rows", false, can_split, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "ungroup", tl!("Separate colors into rows"), false, can_split, 24.0).clicked() {
             separate(rows, &sel);
             d.fields.insert("__sel".into(), json!([]));
             changed = true;
         }
         ui.add_space(12.0);
         for (icon, tip, sb) in
-            [("arrow-left-right", "Randomly change color order", false), ("sparkles", "Randomly change saturation and brightness", true)]
+            [("arrow-left-right", tl!("Randomly change color order"), false), ("sparkles", tl!("Randomly change saturation and brightness"), true)]
         {
             if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, icon, tip, false, rows.len() > 1 || sb, 24.0).clicked() {
                 let seed = d.f64("__seed", 0.0) as u64 + 1;
@@ -407,26 +419,26 @@ fn assign_tab(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, d: &mut Dialog, rows: &mut
                 }
             }
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "rotate-ccw", "Reset the rows to the artwork's colors", false, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "rotate-ccw", tl!("Reset the rows to the artwork's colors"), false, 24.0).clicked() {
             d.fields.remove("__reduced");
         }
     });
     ui.add_space(8.0);
     egui::Grid::new("recolor-options").num_columns(2).spacing([10.0, 8.0]).show(ui, |ui| {
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Method:").color(t.text_dim));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Method:")).color(t.text_dim));
         let m = Method::parse(&d.str("method")).unwrap_or_default();
         let labels: Vec<&str> = Method::ALL.iter().map(|m| m.label()).collect();
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "recolor-method", m.label(), &labels, 180.0) {
             d.fields.insert("method".into(), json!(Method::ALL[i].id()));
         }
         ui.end_row();
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Limit to Library:").color(t.text_dim));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Limit to Library:")).color(t.text_dim));
         // None, the document's swatches, then the colour libraries.
         let libs = colour_libraries(app);
         let keys: Vec<&str> = ["", swatchlib::DOCUMENT_SWATCHES].into_iter().chain(libs.iter().map(|l| l.id.as_str())).collect();
-        let labels: Vec<String> = keys.iter().map(|k| limit_name(app, k).unwrap_or_else(|| "None".into())).collect();
+        let labels: Vec<String> = keys.iter().map(|k| limit_name(app, k).unwrap_or_else(|| tl!("None").into())).collect();
         let cur = d.str("limitTo");
-        let name = keys.iter().position(|k| *k == cur).map_or("None", |i| labels[i].as_str());
+        let name = keys.iter().position(|k| *k == cur).map_or(tl!("None"), |i| labels[i].as_str());
         let labels: Vec<&str> = labels.iter().map(String::as_str).collect();
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "recolor-library", name, &labels, 180.0) {
             d.fields.insert("limitTo".into(), json!(keys[i]));
@@ -513,7 +525,7 @@ fn edit_tab(ui: &mut Ui, d: &mut Dialog, rows: &mut [Value]) -> bool {
     let active = active_rows(rows);
     let base = selection(d).into_iter().find(|i| active.contains(i)).or(active.first().copied());
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Harmony Rules:").color(t.text_dim));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Harmony Rules:")).color(t.text_dim));
         let rule = Harmony::parse(&d.str("rule")).unwrap_or(Harmony::Complementary);
         let labels: Vec<&str> = Harmony::ALL.iter().map(|h| h.label()).collect();
         // Choosing a rule gives the new colours its colours, from the base colour.
@@ -525,7 +537,7 @@ fn edit_tab(ui: &mut Ui, d: &mut Dialog, rows: &mut [Value]) -> bool {
             }
         }
         ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
-            let tip = if linked { "Unlink harmony colors" } else { "Link harmony colors" };
+            let tip = if linked { tl!("Unlink harmony colors") } else { tl!("Link harmony colors") };
             if widgets::icon_button(ui, if linked { "link" } else { "link-2-off" }, tip, linked, 24.0).clicked() {
                 d.fields.insert("linked".into(), json!(!linked));
             }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/recovery.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/recovery.rs
index 59a8fa10a..54688248c 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/recovery.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/recovery.rs
@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ use super::DialogSpec;
 use crate::theme::Tokens;
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
-    heading: |_| "Recover Documents".into(),
+    heading: |_| tl!("Recover Documents").into(),
     body: |_, ui, d| {
         let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("VectorCraft didn't quit normally last time. These documents had unsaved changes:").color(t.text_dim));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("VectorCraft didn't quit normally last time. These documents had unsaved changes:")).color(t.text_dim));
         ui.add_space(8.0);
         let copies = d.fields.get("copies").and_then(Value::as_array);
         egui::ScrollArea::vertical().max_height(220.0).show(ui, |ui| {
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
             }
         });
         ui.add_space(8.0);
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Restored documents open unsaved: save them to keep them.").color(t.text_dim));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Restored documents open unsaved: save them to keep them.")).color(t.text_dim));
         false
     },
     confirm: crate::recovery::confirm,
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/saturate.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/saturate.rs
index 37f47230d..2492c2e85 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/saturate.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/saturate.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ pub const KIND: &str = "saturate";
 
 const CMD: &str = "edit.colors.saturate";
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Saturate".into(), body, confirm, preview: true, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Saturate").into(), body, confirm, preview: true, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp) {
     app.ui.dialog = Some(Dialog::new(KIND, json!({"intensity": 0, "preview": true})));
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ fn params(d: &Dialog) -> Value {
 
 fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     // The rail runs from grey to a fully saturated colour.
-    form::slider(ui, d, "intensity", "Intensity:", -100.0..=100.0, "%", &|x| c32(&Color::from_hsb(12.0, x, 0.85)));
+    form::slider(ui, d, "intensity", tl!("Intensity:"), -100.0..=100.0, "%", &|x| c32(&Color::from_hsb(12.0, x, 0.85)));
     let p = params(d);
     form::preview(app, ui, d, "Saturate", CMD, p);
     false
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_changes.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_changes.rs
index 7f50e027b..c959b96a2 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_changes.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_changes.rs
@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@
 use super::DialogSpec;
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
-    heading: |d| format!("Do you want to save the changes you made to “{}”?", d.str("name")),
+    heading: |d| crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Do you want to save the changes you made to “{name}”?"), &[("name", &d.str("name"))]),
     body: |_, ui, _| {
         let t = crate::theme::Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Your changes will be lost if you don't save them.").color(t.text_dim));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Your changes will be lost if you don't save them.")).color(t.text_dim));
         false
     },
     confirm: |app, _| crate::unsaved::confirm(app),
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_for_web.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_for_web.rs
index 6b9dccbfa..44404ddba 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_for_web.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_for_web.rs
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, io, widgets};
 pub const KIND: &str = "saveForWeb";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
-    heading: |_| "Save for Web".into(),
+    heading: |_| tl!("Save for Web").into(),
     body,
     confirm,
     ok: Some("Save…"),
@@ -409,8 +409,8 @@ fn preview_area(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, set
             d.fields.insert("__kbps".into(), json!(s));
         }
         ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
-            let b = ui.add_enabled(!io::is_web(app), |ui: &mut egui::Ui| widgets::secondary_button(ui, "Preview in Browser"));
-            browser = b.on_disabled_hover_text("Needs the desktop app").clicked();
+            let b = ui.add_enabled(!io::is_web(app), |ui: &mut egui::Ui| widgets::secondary_button(ui, tl!("Preview in Browser")));
+            browser = b.on_disabled_hover_text(tl!("Needs the desktop app")).clicked();
         });
     });
     browser
@@ -484,15 +484,16 @@ fn draw_pane(
             match (settings, shot.bytes) {
                 (Some(s), Some(bytes)) => {
                     let secs = download_seconds(bytes, kbps);
-                    let time = if secs < 1.0 { "< 1 sec".into() } else { format!("{} sec", secs.ceil()) };
+                    let time =
+                        if secs < 1.0 { tl!("< 1 sec").into() } else { crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("{secs} sec"), &[("secs", &secs.ceil().to_string())]) };
                     let detail = match s.format {
-                        WebFormat::Jpg => format!("Quality {}", s.quality),
+                        WebFormat::Jpg => crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Quality {quality}"), &[("quality", &s.quality.to_string())]),
                         WebFormat::Png24 => String::new(),
-                        _ => format!("{} colors", shot.colors.len()),
+                        _ => crate::i18n::tn(shot.colors.len() as u64, "{n} color", "{n} colors"),
                     };
                     (s.format.label().to_string(), format!("{}  {time} @ {}", size_label(bytes), speed_label(kbps)), detail)
                 }
-                _ => ("Original".into(), format!("{} × {} px", shot.size[0], shot.size[1]), String::new()),
+                _ => (tl!("Original").into(), format!("{} × {} px", shot.size[0], shot.size[1]), String::new()),
             }
         }
     };
@@ -519,36 +520,36 @@ fn side(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, s: Option<&
         let choice = |ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, label: &str, options: &[(&str, &str)]| {
             form::choice(ui, d, key, label, (LABEL_W, FIELD_W), options);
         };
-        choice(ui, d, "format", "Format:", &pairs(&WebFormat::ALL, WebFormat::id, WebFormat::label));
+        choice(ui, d, "format", tl!("Format:"), &pairs(&WebFormat::ALL, WebFormat::id, WebFormat::label));
         let format = s.map_or(WebFormat::Gif, |s| s.format);
         match format {
             WebFormat::Gif | WebFormat::Png8 => {
-                choice(ui, d, "reduction", "Reduction:", &pairs(&Reduction::ALL, Reduction::id, Reduction::label));
+                choice(ui, d, "reduction", tl!("Reduction:"), &pairs(&Reduction::ALL, Reduction::id, Reduction::label));
                 colors_row(ui, d);
-                choice(ui, d, "dither", "Dither:", &pairs(&Dither::ALL, Dither::id, Dither::label));
+                choice(ui, d, "dither", tl!("Dither:"), &pairs(&Dither::ALL, Dither::id, Dither::label));
                 if Dither::from_id(&d.str("dither")).is_some_and(|x| x != Dither::None) {
-                    slider_row(ui, d, "ditherAmount", "Amount:", "%");
+                    slider_row(ui, d, "ditherAmount", tl!("Amount:"), "%");
                 }
-                check_pair(ui, d, ("transparency", "Transparency"), ("interlaced", "Interlaced"));
+                check_pair(ui, d, ("transparency", tl!("Transparency")), ("interlaced", tl!("Interlaced")));
                 matte_row(ui, d);
-                slider_row(ui, d, "webSnap", "Web Snap:", "%");
+                slider_row(ui, d, "webSnap", tl!("Web Snap:"), "%");
                 if format == WebFormat::Gif {
-                    slider_row(ui, d, "lossy", "Lossy:", "%");
+                    slider_row(ui, d, "lossy", tl!("Lossy:"), "%");
                 }
             }
             WebFormat::Jpg => {
                 quality_row(ui, d);
-                check_pair(ui, d, ("progressive", "Progressive"), ("optimized", "Optimized"));
-                widgets::label_row(ui, "", LABEL_W, |ui| form::check(ui, d, "embedProfile", "ICC Profile"));
+                check_pair(ui, d, ("progressive", tl!("Progressive")), ("optimized", tl!("Optimized")));
+                widgets::label_row(ui, "", LABEL_W, |ui| form::check(ui, d, "embedProfile", tl!("ICC Profile")));
                 matte_row(ui, d);
             }
             WebFormat::Png24 => {
-                check_pair(ui, d, ("transparency", "Transparency"), ("interlaced", "Interlaced"));
+                check_pair(ui, d, ("transparency", tl!("Transparency")), ("interlaced", tl!("Interlaced")));
                 matte_row(ui, d);
             }
         }
-        widgets::label_row(ui, "", LABEL_W, |ui| form::check(ui, d, "convertToSrgb", "Convert to sRGB"));
-        choice(ui, d, "metadata", "Metadata:", &pairs(&WebMetadata::ALL, WebMetadata::key, WebMetadata::label));
+        widgets::label_row(ui, "", LABEL_W, |ui| form::check(ui, d, "convertToSrgb", tl!("Convert to sRGB")));
+        choice(ui, d, "metadata", tl!("Metadata:"), &pairs(&WebMetadata::ALL, WebMetadata::key, WebMetadata::label));
         if format.palette() {
             widgets::divider(ui);
             color_table(ui, d, s);
@@ -557,9 +558,9 @@ fn side(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, s: Option<&
         image_size(app, ui, d, s);
         widgets::divider(ui);
         if d.bool("__hasSlices") {
-            choice(ui, d, "slices", "Slices:", &pairs(&SliceScope::ALL, SliceScope::key, SliceScope::label));
+            choice(ui, d, "slices", tl!("Slices:"), &pairs(&SliceScope::ALL, SliceScope::key, SliceScope::label));
         }
-        choice(ui, d, "output", "Output:", &pairs(&WebOutput::ALL, WebOutput::key, WebOutput::label));
+        choice(ui, d, "output", tl!("Output:"), &pairs(&WebOutput::ALL, WebOutput::key, WebOutput::label));
     });
 }
 
@@ -570,22 +571,23 @@ fn presets_row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, s: O
     let current = s.and_then(|s| presets.iter().rposition(|p| p.settings == *s));
     let names: Vec<&str> = presets.iter().map(|p| p.name.as_str()).collect();
     let mut run: Option<(&str, Value)> = None;
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Preset:", LABEL_W, |ui| {
-        let shown = current.and_then(|i| names.get(i).copied()).unwrap_or("[Unnamed]");
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Preset:"), LABEL_W, |ui| {
+        let shown = current.and_then(|i| names.get(i).copied()).unwrap_or(tl!("[Unnamed]"));
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "sfw-preset", shown, &names, FIELD_W - 60.0)
             && let Some(p) = presets.get(i)
         {
             d.fields.extend(settings_fields(&p.settings));
         }
         let editing = d.fields.contains_key("__presetName");
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "save", "Save the settings as a preset", editing, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "save", tl!("Save the settings as a preset"), editing, 24.0).clicked() {
             match editing {
                 true => _ = d.fields.remove("__presetName"),
                 false => _ = d.fields.insert("__presetName".into(), json!("")),
             }
         }
         let user = current.filter(|i| *i + saved >= presets.len());
-        let del = ui.add_enabled(user.is_some(), |ui: &mut egui::Ui| widgets::icon_button(ui, "trash-2", "Delete this saved preset", false, 24.0));
+        let del =
+            ui.add_enabled(user.is_some(), |ui: &mut egui::Ui| widgets::icon_button(ui, "trash-2", tl!("Delete this saved preset"), false, 24.0));
         if del.clicked()
             && let Some(name) = user.and_then(|i| names.get(i))
         {
@@ -593,10 +595,10 @@ fn presets_row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, s: O
         }
     });
     if d.fields.contains_key("__presetName") {
-        widgets::label_row(ui, "Name:", LABEL_W, |ui| {
+        widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Name:"), LABEL_W, |ui| {
             form::text(ui, d, "__presetName", FIELD_W - 70.0);
             let name = d.str("__presetName");
-            if ui.add_enabled(!name.trim().is_empty(), |ui: &mut egui::Ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, "Save", 52.0)).clicked() {
+            if ui.add_enabled(!name.trim().is_empty(), |ui: &mut egui::Ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Save"), 52.0)).clicked() {
                 let mut p = params(d);
                 p["name"] = json!(name.trim());
                 run = Some(("webExport.presets.save", p));
@@ -635,7 +637,7 @@ fn slider_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, label: &str, suffix:
 
 /// The palette size: the usual counts, or any 2–256.
 fn colors_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Colors:", LABEL_W, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Colors:"), LABEL_W, |ui| {
         let mut n = d.f64("colors", 128.0).round().clamp(2.0, 256.0) as u16;
         if let Some(c) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "sfw-colors", &n.to_string(), &COLOR_COUNTS, 80.0).and_then(|i| COLOR_COUNTS.get(i)) {
             n = c.parse().unwrap_or(n);
@@ -651,7 +653,7 @@ fn colors_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
 fn quality_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     let q = d.f64("quality", 60.0).round().clamp(0.0, 100.0) as u8;
     let step = QUALITIES.iter().rev().find(|(_, v)| q >= *v).map_or("Low", |(l, _)| *l);
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Quality:", LABEL_W, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Quality:"), LABEL_W, |ui| {
         let labels = QUALITIES.map(|(l, _)| l);
         if let Some((_, v)) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "sfw-quality", step, &labels, FIELD_W).and_then(|i| QUALITIES.get(i)) {
             d.fields.insert("quality".into(), json!(v));
@@ -664,7 +666,7 @@ fn quality_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
 fn matte_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     let matte = d.str("matte");
     let at = MATTES.iter().position(|v| matte.eq_ignore_ascii_case(v)).unwrap_or(3);
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Matte:", LABEL_W, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Matte:"), LABEL_W, |ui| {
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "sfw-matte", MATTE_LABELS[at], &MATTE_LABELS, 120.0) {
             d.fields.insert("matte".into(), json!(MATTES.get(i).copied().unwrap_or("#808080")));
         }
@@ -683,11 +685,11 @@ fn color_table(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, s: Option<&WebSettings>) {
     let key = s.map(|s| s.to_json().to_string());
     let shot = cache.and_then(|c| c.shots.into_iter().find(|(k, _)| Some(k) == key.as_ref())).and_then(|(_, s)| s.ok());
     let Some(shot) = shot else {
-        widgets::subheader(ui, "Color Table");
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Shown with the optimised preview.");
+        widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Color Table"));
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Shown with the optimised preview."));
         return;
     };
-    widgets::subheader(ui, &format!("Color Table ({} colors)", shot.colors.len()));
+    widgets::subheader(ui, &crate::i18n::tn(shot.colors.len() as u64, "Color Table ({n} color)", "Color Table ({n} colors)"));
     let selected = d.str("__color");
     // (colour shown, source, transparent, locked, web-safe, mapped by hand)
     let rows: Vec<(TableColor, bool)> = shot
@@ -744,9 +746,11 @@ fn color_table(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, s: Option<&WebSettings>) {
     let on = |list: &[String]| list.iter().any(|h| h.eq_ignore_ascii_case(&selected));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.add_enabled_ui(!selected.is_empty(), |ui| {
-            for (list, on_label, off_label) in
-                [("transparent", "Restore", "Transparent"), ("webShift", "Unshift", "Web Shift"), ("locked", "Unlock", "Lock")]
-            {
+            for (list, on_label, off_label) in [
+                ("transparent", tl!("Restore"), tl!("Transparent")),
+                ("webShift", tl!("Unshift"), tl!("Web Shift")),
+                ("locked", tl!("Unlock"), tl!("Lock")),
+            ] {
                 let current = match list {
                     "transparent" => &table.transparent,
                     "webShift" => &table.web_shift,
@@ -760,7 +764,7 @@ fn color_table(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, s: Option<&WebSettings>) {
         });
     });
     let sort = table.sort;
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Order:", LABEL_W, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Order:"), LABEL_W, |ui| {
         let labels = ColorSort::ALL.map(ColorSort::label);
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "sfw-sort", sort.label(), &labels, FIELD_W)
             && let Some(o) = ColorSort::ALL.get(i)
@@ -792,7 +796,7 @@ pub(super) fn set_table(d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, value: Value) {
 /// Image Size: width and height in pixels (proportional) or a percentage, anti-aliasing, Clip to
 /// Artboard and which artboard.
 fn image_size(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, s: Option<&WebSettings>) {
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Image Size");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Image Size"));
     let Some(st) = app.session.active() else { return };
     let region = s.and_then(|s| webexport::region(&st.doc, s).ok());
     let (w, h) = region.map_or((0, 0), |(r, scale)| vectorcraft_render::region_pixels(r, scale));
@@ -802,28 +806,28 @@ fn image_size(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, s: Option
         }
         d.fields.insert(key.into(), v);
     };
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "W:", LABEL_W, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("W:"), LABEL_W, |ui| {
         if let Some(v) = widgets::plain_field(ui, "sfw-w", f64::from(w), " px", 0, 80.0) {
             set(d, "width", json!(v.round().max(1.0)));
         }
-        ui.label("H:");
+        ui.label(tl!("H:"));
         if let Some(v) = widgets::plain_field(ui, "sfw-h", f64::from(h), " px", 0, 80.0) {
             set(d, "height", json!(v.round().max(1.0)));
         }
     });
     let percent = region.map_or(100.0, |(_, scale)| (scale * 100.0 * 100.0).round() / 100.0);
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Percent:", LABEL_W, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Percent:"), LABEL_W, |ui| {
         if let Some(v) = widgets::plain_field(ui, "sfw-pct", percent, "%", 2, 80.0) {
             set(d, "percent", json!(v));
         }
     });
-    form::choice(ui, d, "antiAlias", "Anti-aliasing:", (LABEL_W, FIELD_W), &pairs(&AntiAlias::ALL, AntiAlias::id, AntiAlias::label));
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "", LABEL_W, |ui| form::check(ui, d, "clipToArtboard", "Clip to Artboard"));
+    form::choice(ui, d, "antiAlias", tl!("Anti-aliasing:"), (LABEL_W, FIELD_W), &pairs(&AntiAlias::ALL, AntiAlias::id, AntiAlias::label));
+    widgets::label_row(ui, "", LABEL_W, |ui| form::check(ui, d, "clipToArtboard", tl!("Clip to Artboard")));
     let boards = &st.doc.artboards;
     if boards.len() > 1 && d.bool("clipToArtboard") {
         let names: Vec<&str> = boards.iter().map(|a| a.name.as_str()).collect();
         let at = s.and_then(|s| s.artboard).unwrap_or(0).min(names.len() - 1);
-        widgets::label_row(ui, "Artboard:", LABEL_W, |ui| {
+        widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Artboard:"), LABEL_W, |ui| {
             if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "sfw-artboard", names.get(at).copied().unwrap_or_default(), &names, FIELD_W) {
                 d.fields.insert("artboard".into(), json!(i));
             }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_options.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_options.rs
index deae2061c..9ebdd1ab2 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_options.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_options.rs
@@ -27,13 +27,13 @@ pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading, body, confirm, min_wid
 fn heading(d: &Dialog) -> String {
     if d.bool("__pick") {
         return match SaveMode::of(&d.str("__action")) {
-            Some(SaveMode::Copy) => "Save a Copy",
-            Some(SaveMode::Template) => "Save as Template",
-            _ => "Save As",
+            Some(SaveMode::Copy) => tl!("Save a Copy"),
+            Some(SaveMode::Template) => tl!("Save as Template"),
+            _ => tl!("Save As"),
         }
         .into();
     }
-    format!("{} Options", fileio::format(&d.str("format")).map_or("", |f| f.label))
+    crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("{format} Options"), &[("format", fileio::format(&d.str("format")).map_or("", |f| f.label))])
 }
 
 /// `f`'s options with the values a save would use (`file.formatOptions`: as last saved in that
@@ -74,11 +74,11 @@ fn shown(f: &Format) -> impl Iterator<Item = &'static FormatOption> {
 /// others from their names.
 fn label(o: &FormatOption) -> String {
     match o.name {
-        "separateArtboards" => "Save each artboard to a separate file".into(),
-        "includeLinked" => "Include Linked Files".into(),
-        "embedProfiles" => "Embed ICC Profiles".into(),
-        "pdfCompatible" => "Create PDF-Compatible File".into(),
-        "compress" => "Use Compression".into(),
+        "separateArtboards" => tl!("Save each artboard to a separate file").into(),
+        "includeLinked" => tl!("Include Linked Files").into(),
+        "embedProfiles" => tl!("Embed ICC Profiles").into(),
+        "pdfCompatible" => tl!("Create PDF-Compatible File").into(),
+        "compress" => tl!("Use Compression").into(),
         _ => form::humanize(o.name),
     }
 }
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ fn artboard_range(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
             ui.add_space(22.0);
             let mut all = all_artboards(d);
-            if ui.radio_value(&mut all, true, "All").changed() | ui.radio_value(&mut all, false, "Range:").changed() {
+            if ui.radio_value(&mut all, true, tl!("All")).changed() | ui.radio_value(&mut all, false, tl!("Range:")).changed() {
                 d.fields.insert("all".into(), json!(all));
             }
             let mut range = d.str("range");
@@ -121,9 +121,9 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let mut switch = None;
     egui::Grid::new("save-options").num_columns(2).spacing([12.0, 8.0]).show(ui, |ui| {
         if d.bool("__pick") {
-            form::field_w(ui, d, "path", "File Name:", 240.0);
+            form::field_w(ui, d, "path", tl!("File Name:"), 240.0);
             if SaveMode::of(&d.str("__action")) != Some(SaveMode::Template) {
-                ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Format:").color(t.text_dim));
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Format:")).color(t.text_dim));
                 switch = widgets::dropdown(ui, "save-format", f.label, save_labels(), 254.0).and_then(|i| SAVE_FORMATS.get(i).copied());
                 ui.end_row();
             }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_pdf.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_pdf.rs
index b9d5ced52..1c8cb0118 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_pdf.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_pdf.rs
@@ -27,13 +27,13 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, io, widgets};
 
 pub(super) const KIND: &str = "savePdf";
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Save PDF".into(), body, confirm, ok: Some("Save PDF"), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Save PDF").into(), body, confirm, ok: Some("Save PDF"), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// The dialog kind of the preset editor (New / Edit in Edit → PDF Presets).
 pub(super) const PRESET_KIND: &str = "pdfPreset";
 
 pub(super) const PRESET_SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
-    heading: |d| if d.str(EDITING).is_empty() { "New PDF Preset" } else { "Edit PDF Preset" }.into(),
+    heading: |d| if d.str(EDITING).is_empty() { tl!("New PDF Preset") } else { tl!("Edit PDF Preset") }.into(),
     body,
     confirm: confirm_preset,
     ok: Some("Save Preset"),
@@ -304,20 +304,20 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let editor = d.kind == PRESET_KIND;
     if editor {
-        row_with(ui, "Preset name:", TOP_LABEL_WIDTH, |ui| {
+        row_with(ui, tl!("Preset name:"), TOP_LABEL_WIDTH, |ui| {
             form::text_edit(ui, d, "name", 288.0);
         });
     } else {
         preset_rows(app, ui, d);
     }
-    row_with(ui, "Standard:", TOP_LABEL_WIDTH, |ui| {
+    row_with(ui, tl!("Standard:"), TOP_LABEL_WIDTH, |ui| {
         let picked = pick::<Standard>(ui, d, "standard", 170.0, |_| true);
         let standard = choice::<Standard>(d, "standard").unwrap_or_default();
         if picked {
             standard_chosen(d, standard);
         }
         ui.add_space(16.0);
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Compatibility:").color(t.text));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Compatibility:")).color(t.text));
         pick::<Compatibility>(ui, d, "compatibility", 110.0, |c| standard.allows(c));
     });
     ui.add_space(10.0);
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         ui.add_space(14.0);
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
             ui.set_width(500.0);
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(section).font(theme::semibold(14.0)).color(t.text_strong));
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(section)).font(theme::semibold(14.0)).color(t.text_strong));
             egui::ScrollArea::vertical().id_salt(("save-pdf", section)).max_height(360.0).auto_shrink([false, false]).show(ui, |ui| match section {
                 "Compression" => compression(ui, d),
                 "Marks and Bleeds" => marks_and_bleeds(app, ui, d),
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ pub(super) fn section_list(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, sections: &[&str],
     ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.y = 1.0;
     for s in sections {
         let sel = *s == section;
-        let label = egui::RichText::new(*s).size(12.5).color(if sel { t.text_strong } else { t.text });
+        let label = egui::RichText::new(tl!(*s)).size(12.5).color(if sel { t.text_strong } else { t.text });
         if ui.add(egui::Button::selectable(sel, label).frame_when_inactive(false).min_size(egui::vec2(LIST_WIDTH - 12.0, 24.0))).clicked() {
             d.fields.insert("__section".into(), json!(s));
         }
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ fn standard_chosen(d: &mut Dialog, standard: Standard) {
 /// The Preset row (the presets, built-in and saved, and Save Preset…) and, while Save Preset…
 /// asks for a name, the row taking it.
 fn preset_rows(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
-    row_with(ui, "Preset:", TOP_LABEL_WIDTH, |ui| {
+    row_with(ui, tl!("Preset:"), TOP_LABEL_WIDTH, |ui| {
         let presets = pdf::presets(&app.session);
         let names: Vec<&str> = presets.iter().map(String::as_str).collect();
         let chosen = widgets::dropdown(ui, "pdf-preset", &d.str("preset"), &names, 300.0).and_then(|i| names.get(i)).map(|p| p.to_string());
@@ -400,23 +400,23 @@ fn preset_rows(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
         }
         let asking = d.fields.contains_key(SAVE_AS);
         if ui
-            .add_enabled_ui(!asking, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, "Save Preset…", 96.0))
+            .add_enabled_ui(!asking, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Save Preset…"), 96.0))
             .inner
-            .on_hover_text("Save these settings as a preset")
+            .on_hover_text(tl!("Save these settings as a preset"))
             .clicked()
         {
             d.fields.insert(SAVE_AS.into(), json!(app.session.new_pdf_preset_name()));
         }
     });
     if d.fields.contains_key(SAVE_AS) {
-        row_with(ui, "Save as preset:", TOP_LABEL_WIDTH, |ui| {
+        row_with(ui, tl!("Save as preset:"), TOP_LABEL_WIDTH, |ui| {
             form::text_edit(ui, d, SAVE_AS, 200.0);
-            if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Save", 52.0).clicked()
+            if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Save"), 52.0).clicked()
                 && let Err(e) = save_preset(app, d)
             {
                 app.status(e);
             }
-            if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Cancel", 60.0).clicked() {
+            if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Cancel"), 60.0).clicked() {
                 d.fields.remove(SAVE_AS);
             }
         });
@@ -436,27 +436,27 @@ fn apply_preset(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, d: &mut Dialog, name: &str) {
 
 /// General: the options, then the artboards (Save PDF) or the description (preset editor).
 fn general(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, editor: bool) {
-    heading(ui, "Options");
+    heading(ui, tl!("Options"));
     let standard = choice::<Standard>(d, "standard").unwrap_or_default();
-    flag(ui, d, "preserveEditing", "Preserve editing capabilities", standard == Standard::None);
-    flag(ui, d, "thumbnails", "Embed page thumbnails", true);
-    flag(ui, d, "fastWebView", "Optimize for fast web view", true);
-    flag(ui, d, "viewAfterSaving", "View PDF after saving", true);
+    flag(ui, d, "preserveEditing", tl!("Preserve editing capabilities"), standard == Standard::None);
+    flag(ui, d, "thumbnails", tl!("Embed page thumbnails"), true);
+    flag(ui, d, "fastWebView", tl!("Optimize for fast web view"), true);
+    flag(ui, d, "viewAfterSaving", tl!("View PDF after saving"), true);
     // PDF layers need PDF 1.5, and PDF/X-1a and PDF/X-3 have none.
     let layers = standard.allows_layers() && choice::<Compatibility>(d, "compatibility").unwrap_or_default().has_layers();
-    flag(ui, d, "createLayers", "Create PDF layers from top-level layers", layers);
-    flag(ui, d, "includeNonPrinting", "Include non-printing layers", true);
+    flag(ui, d, "createLayers", tl!("Create PDF layers from top-level layers"), layers);
+    flag(ui, d, "includeNonPrinting", tl!("Include non-printing layers"), true);
     if editor {
-        heading(ui, "Description");
+        heading(ui, tl!("Description"));
         if let Some(text) = widgets::text_field(ui, "pdf-preset-description", Some(&d.str("description")), 460.0, 3) {
             d.fields.insert("description".into(), json!(text));
         }
         return;
     }
-    heading(ui, "Artboards");
+    heading(ui, tl!("Artboards"));
     let mut all = d.bool("__allArtboards");
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        let changed = ui.radio_value(&mut all, true, "All").changed() | ui.radio_value(&mut all, false, "Range:").changed();
+        let changed = ui.radio_value(&mut all, true, tl!("All")).changed() | ui.radio_value(&mut all, false, tl!("Range:")).changed();
         if changed {
             d.fields.insert("__allArtboards".into(), json!(all));
         }
@@ -473,19 +473,19 @@ fn image_rows(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, title: &str) {
     let on = get(d, &format!("{base}.downsample")) != Downsample::None.id();
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         pick::<Downsample>(ui, d, &format!("{base}.downsample"), 150.0, |_| true);
-        ui.label("to");
+        ui.label(tl!("to"));
         number(ui, d, &format!("{base}.ppi"), " ppi", on);
-        ui.label("above");
+        ui.label(tl!("above"));
         number(ui, d, &format!("{base}.abovePpi"), " ppi", on);
     });
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        ui.label("Compression:");
+        ui.label(tl!("Compression:"));
         if key == "mono" {
             pick::<MonoCodec>(ui, d, &format!("{base}.compression"), 150.0, |_| true);
         } else {
             pick::<ImageCodec>(ui, d, &format!("{base}.compression"), 120.0, |_| true);
             let lossy = get(d, &format!("{base}.compression")).as_str().is_some_and(|c| c != ImageCodec::None.id() && c != ImageCodec::Zip.id());
-            ui.label("Quality:");
+            ui.label(tl!("Quality:"));
             ui.add_enabled_ui(lossy, |ui| {
                 pick::<JpegQuality>(ui, d, &format!("{base}.quality"), 110.0, |_| true);
             });
@@ -494,11 +494,11 @@ fn image_rows(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, title: &str) {
 }
 
 fn compression(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
-    image_rows(ui, d, "color", "Color images");
-    image_rows(ui, d, "gray", "Grayscale images");
-    image_rows(ui, d, "mono", "Monochrome images");
+    image_rows(ui, d, "color", tl!("Color images"));
+    image_rows(ui, d, "gray", tl!("Grayscale images"));
+    image_rows(ui, d, "mono", tl!("Monochrome images"));
     ui.add_space(8.0);
-    flag(ui, d, "compression.compressText", "Compress text and line art", true);
+    flag(ui, d, "compression.compressText", tl!("Compress text and line art"), true);
 }
 
 pub(super) fn marks_and_bleeds(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
@@ -509,9 +509,9 @@ pub(super) fn marks_and_bleeds(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut
         ("marks.colorBars", "Color bars"),
         ("marks.pageInfo", "Page information"),
     ];
-    heading(ui, "Marks");
+    heading(ui, tl!("Marks"));
     let all = MARKS.iter().all(|(p, _)| get(d, p).as_bool() == Some(true));
-    if widgets::check(ui, "All printer's marks", all, true) {
+    if widgets::check(ui, tl!("All printer's marks"), all, true) {
         for (p, _) in MARKS {
             set(d, p, json!(!all));
         }
@@ -519,15 +519,15 @@ pub(super) fn marks_and_bleeds(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut
     egui::Grid::new("pdf-marks").num_columns(2).spacing([24.0, 4.0]).show(ui, |ui| {
         for pair in MARKS.chunks(2) {
             for (p, label) in pair {
-                flag(ui, d, p, label, true);
+                flag(ui, d, p, tl!(label), true);
             }
             ui.end_row();
         }
     });
-    row(ui, "Printer mark type:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Printer mark type:"), |ui| {
         pick::<MarkKind>(ui, d, "marks.kind", 130.0, |_| true);
     });
-    row(ui, "Trim mark weight:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Trim mark weight:"), |ui| {
         let w = get(d, "marks.weight").as_f64().unwrap_or(0.25);
         let current =
             WEIGHTS.iter().zip(WEIGHT_LABELS).find(|(x, _)| (*x - w).abs() < 1e-9).map_or_else(|| format!("{w} pt"), |(_, l)| l.to_string());
@@ -535,13 +535,16 @@ pub(super) fn marks_and_bleeds(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut
             set(d, "marks.weight", json!(x));
         }
     });
-    row(ui, "Offset:", |ui| length(ui, d, "marks.offset", unit, true));
-    heading(ui, "Bleeds");
-    flag(ui, d, "bleed.useDocument", "Use document bleed settings", true);
+    row(ui, tl!("Offset:"), |ui| length(ui, d, "marks.offset", unit, true));
+    heading(ui, tl!("Bleeds"));
+    flag(ui, d, "bleed.useDocument", tl!("Use document bleed settings"), true);
     // With the document's bleed the fields show it (Document Setup's `[top, bottom, left, right]`).
     let document = (get(d, "bleed.useDocument").as_bool() == Some(true)).then(|| app.session.active().map_or([0.0; 4], |s| s.doc.setup.bleed));
     egui::Grid::new("pdf-bleed").num_columns(4).spacing([10.0, 6.0]).show(ui, |ui| {
-        for pair in [[(0, "bleed.top", "Top:"), (1, "bleed.bottom", "Bottom:")], [(2, "bleed.left", "Left:"), (3, "bleed.right", "Right:")]] {
+        for pair in [
+            [(0, "bleed.top", tl!("Top:")), (1, "bleed.bottom", tl!("Bottom:"))],
+            [(2, "bleed.left", tl!("Left:")), (3, "bleed.right", tl!("Right:"))],
+        ] {
             for (i, p, label) in pair {
                 ui.label(label);
                 match document {
@@ -572,56 +575,56 @@ fn output(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     let profiles = vectorcraft_color::cms::profiles();
     let names = |blank: &'static str| -> Vec<&str> { std::iter::once(blank).chain(profiles.iter().map(|p| p.name.as_str())).collect() };
     let standard = choice::<Standard>(d, "standard").unwrap_or_default();
-    heading(ui, "Color");
-    row(ui, "Color conversion:", |ui| {
+    heading(ui, tl!("Color"));
+    row(ui, tl!("Color conversion:"), |ui| {
         pick::<ColorConversion>(ui, d, "output.conversion", 300.0, |_| true);
     });
     // PDF/X-1a converts to CMYK even without a conversion.
     let converting = get(d, "output.conversion") != ColorConversion::None.id() || standard.cmyk_only();
-    row(ui, "Destination:", |ui| profile_pick(ui, d, "output.destination", &names(DOCUMENT_PROFILE), converting));
-    row(ui, "Profile inclusion:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Destination:"), |ui| profile_pick(ui, d, "output.destination", &names(DOCUMENT_PROFILE), converting));
+    row(ui, tl!("Profile inclusion:"), |ui| {
         // A standard decides whether colours are tagged.
         ui.add_enabled_ui(standard == Standard::None, |ui| pick::<ProfileInclusion>(ui, d, "output.profiles", 300.0, |_| true));
     });
     if standard.cmyk_only() {
-        note(ui, "PDF/X-1a files are CMYK: every colour is converted to the destination (blank: the output intent's CMYK profile), untagged.");
+        note(ui, tl!("PDF/X-1a files are CMYK: every colour is converted to the destination (blank: the output intent's CMYK profile), untagged."));
     } else if standard != Standard::None {
-        note(ui, "Files of this standard tag their colours with ICC profiles.");
+        note(ui, tl!("Files of this standard tag their colours with ICC profiles."));
     }
-    heading(ui, "Output Intent");
+    heading(ui, tl!("Output Intent"));
     // PDF/A files carry their own output intent; PDF/X files always have one.
     let own = standard != Standard::PdfA2b;
     let blank = if standard.is_pdfx() { PDFX_INTENT } else { NO_PROFILE };
-    row(ui, "Output intent profile:", |ui| profile_pick(ui, d, "output.outputIntent", &names(blank), own));
+    row(ui, tl!("Output intent profile:"), |ui| profile_pick(ui, d, "output.outputIntent", &names(blank), own));
     for (p, label) in [
-        ("output.outputCondition", "Output condition:"),
-        ("output.outputConditionId", "Condition identifier:"),
-        ("output.registry", "Registry name:"),
+        ("output.outputCondition", tl!("Output condition:")),
+        ("output.outputConditionId", tl!("Condition identifier:")),
+        ("output.registry", tl!("Registry name:")),
     ] {
         row(ui, label, |ui| text(ui, d, p, own));
     }
-    flag(ui, d, "output.trapped", "Mark as trapped", own);
+    flag(ui, d, "output.trapped", tl!("Mark as trapped"), own);
     if !own {
-        note(ui, "PDF/A files carry their own output intent.");
+        note(ui, tl!("PDF/A files carry their own output intent."));
     }
 }
 
 fn advanced(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
-    heading(ui, "Fonts");
+    heading(ui, tl!("Fonts"));
     let outline = get(d, "advanced.outlineText").as_bool() == Some(true);
-    row(ui, "Subset fonts below:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Subset fonts below:"), |ui| {
         number(ui, d, "advanced.fontSubsetPercent", "%", !outline);
-        ui.label("of characters used");
+        ui.label(tl!("of characters used"));
     });
-    flag(ui, d, "advanced.outlineText", "Convert text to outlines", true);
-    heading(ui, "Overprint and Transparency Flattener");
-    row(ui, "Overprint:", |ui| {
+    flag(ui, d, "advanced.outlineText", tl!("Convert text to outlines"), true);
+    heading(ui, tl!("Overprint and Transparency Flattener"));
+    row(ui, tl!("Overprint:"), |ui| {
         pick::<Overprint>(ui, d, "advanced.overprint", 130.0, |_| true);
     });
     // PDF 1.3 files (PDF/X-1a and PDF/X-3 ones too) have no transparency: it is flattened.
     let flat = choice::<Compatibility>(d, "compatibility") == Some(Compatibility::Pdf13)
         || choice::<Standard>(d, "standard").is_some_and(Standard::flattens);
-    row(ui, "Flattener preset:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Flattener preset:"), |ui| {
         let presets = app.session.flattener_presets();
         let names: Vec<&str> = presets.iter().map(|p| p.name.as_str()).collect();
         let name = get(d, "flattenerPreset").as_str().map(str::trim).filter(|n| !n.is_empty()).unwrap_or(pdf::DEFAULT_FLATTENER);
@@ -634,7 +637,7 @@ fn advanced(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
         });
     });
     if !flat {
-        note(ui, "PDF 1.3 files have no transparency: the preset flattens it.");
+        note(ui, tl!("PDF 1.3 files have no transparency: the preset flattens it."));
     }
 }
 
@@ -665,24 +668,24 @@ fn password_field(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, path: &str, enabled: bool)
 fn security(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     let plain = choice::<Standard>(d, "standard").unwrap_or_default() == Standard::None;
     if !plain {
-        note(ui, "Files of a PDF standard can't be password-protected.");
+        note(ui, tl!("Files of a PDF standard can't be password-protected."));
     }
-    heading(ui, "Document open password");
-    let open = password_check(ui, d, OPEN_PASSWORD, "__requireOpenPassword", "Require a password to open the document", plain);
-    row(ui, "Open password:", |ui| password_field(ui, d, OPEN_PASSWORD, open));
-    heading(ui, "Permissions");
-    let restrict = password_check(ui, d, PERMISSIONS_PASSWORD, "__restrictPermissions", "Restrict printing, editing and other tasks", plain);
-    row(ui, "Permissions password:", |ui| password_field(ui, d, PERMISSIONS_PASSWORD, restrict));
+    heading(ui, tl!("Document open password"));
+    let open = password_check(ui, d, OPEN_PASSWORD, "__requireOpenPassword", tl!("Require a password to open the document"), plain);
+    row(ui, tl!("Open password:"), |ui| password_field(ui, d, OPEN_PASSWORD, open));
+    heading(ui, tl!("Permissions"));
+    let restrict = password_check(ui, d, PERMISSIONS_PASSWORD, "__restrictPermissions", tl!("Restrict printing, editing and other tasks"), plain);
+    row(ui, tl!("Permissions password:"), |ui| password_field(ui, d, PERMISSIONS_PASSWORD, restrict));
     ui.add_enabled_ui(restrict, |ui| {
-        row(ui, "Printing allowed:", |ui| {
+        row(ui, tl!("Printing allowed:"), |ui| {
             pick::<Printing>(ui, d, "security.printing", 260.0, |_| true);
         });
-        row(ui, "Changes allowed:", |ui| {
+        row(ui, tl!("Changes allowed:"), |ui| {
             pick::<Changes>(ui, d, "security.changes", 260.0, |_| true);
         });
     });
-    flag(ui, d, "security.copy", "Enable copying of text, images and other content", restrict);
-    let reader = "Enable text access for screen readers";
+    flag(ui, d, "security.copy", tl!("Enable copying of text, images and other content"), restrict);
+    let reader = tl!("Enable text access for screen readers");
     if get(d, "security.copy").as_bool() == Some(true) {
         // What can be copied can be read out.
         widgets::check(ui, reader, true, false);
@@ -694,11 +697,11 @@ fn security(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
         ui,
         d,
         "security.plaintextMetadata",
-        "Enable plaintext metadata",
+        tl!("Enable plaintext metadata"),
         (open || restrict) && !matches!(compatibility, Compatibility::Pdf13 | Compatibility::Pdf14),
     );
     ui.add_space(6.0);
-    note(ui, &format!("Encryption: {} (set by Compatibility)", Encryption::for_compatibility(compatibility).label()));
+    note(ui, &crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Encryption: {name} (set by Compatibility)"), &[("name", Encryption::for_compatibility(compatibility).label())]));
 }
 
 /// The section a changed option belongs to (for the Summary's order).
@@ -745,20 +748,20 @@ fn summary(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     let v = match summary_of(app, ui.ctx(), &params(d)) {
         Ok(v) => v,
         Err(e) => {
-            heading(ui, "Error");
+            heading(ui, tl!("Error"));
             ui.label(egui::RichText::new(format!("⚠ {e}")).color(t.text));
             return;
         }
     };
-    heading(ui, "Options");
+    heading(ui, tl!("Options"));
     let mut changed: Vec<&Value> = v["changed"].as_array().map(|a| a.iter().collect()).unwrap_or_default();
     changed.sort_by_key(|c| section_of(c["option"].as_str().unwrap_or_default()));
     if changed.is_empty() {
-        let base = if d.kind == PRESET_KIND { pdf::DEFAULT_PRESET } else { "the preset" };
-        note(ui, &format!("Every option matches {base}."));
+        let base = if d.kind == PRESET_KIND { pdf::DEFAULT_PRESET } else { tl!("the preset") };
+        note(ui, &crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Every option matches {base}."), &[("base", base)]));
     }
     option_rows(ui, changed, option_label);
-    heading(ui, "Warnings");
+    heading(ui, tl!("Warnings"));
     warning_rows(ui, v["warnings"].as_array().map(Vec::as_slice).unwrap_or_default());
 }
 
@@ -767,7 +770,7 @@ pub(super) fn option_rows<'a>(ui: &mut egui::Ui, changed: impl IntoIterator<Item
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     for c in changed {
         let value = match &c["value"] {
-            Value::Bool(b) => if *b { "On" } else { "Off" }.to_string(),
+            Value::Bool(b) => if *b { tl!("On") } else { tl!("Off") }.to_string(),
             Value::String(s) => s.clone(),
             other => other.to_string(),
         };
@@ -779,7 +782,7 @@ pub(super) fn option_rows<'a>(ui: &mut egui::Ui, changed: impl IntoIterator<Item
 pub(super) fn warning_rows(ui: &mut egui::Ui, warnings: &[Value]) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     if warnings.is_empty() {
-        note(ui, "None.");
+        note(ui, tl!("None."));
     }
     for w in warnings {
         ui.label(egui::RichText::new(format!("⚠ {}", w.as_str().unwrap_or_default())).color(t.text));
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_style_library.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_style_library.rs
index 17a948666..6ff271332 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_style_library.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_style_library.rs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ use crate::state::Dialog;
 pub const KIND: &str = "saveGraphicStyleLibrary";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Save Graphic Style Library".into(), body, confirm, min_width: 360.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Save Graphic Style Library").into(), body, confirm, min_width: 360.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// Open Save Graphic Style Library for the document's styles (`names`: the ones selected in the
 /// panel).
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, names: Vec<String>) -> Result<Value, Strin
 fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     grid(ui, |ui| {
         name_row(ui, d);
-        destination(ui, d, "Selected Styles Only");
+        destination(ui, d, tl!("Selected Styles Only"));
     });
     false
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_swatch_library.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_swatch_library.rs
index 5d599e789..f6fca6af4 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_swatch_library.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/save_swatch_library.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
 /// The dialog kind of Save Swatch Library.
 pub const KIND: &str = "saveSwatchLibrary";
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Save Swatch Library".into(), body, confirm, min_width: 360.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Save Swatch Library").into(), body, confirm, min_width: 360.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// Open Save Swatch Library for the document's swatches (`names`: the ones selected in the panel).
 pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, names: Vec<String>) -> Result<Value, String> {
@@ -51,22 +52,22 @@ fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let labels = PaletteFormat::ALL.map(PaletteFormat::label);
     grid(ui, |ui| {
         name_row(ui, d);
-        label(ui, "Format:");
+        label(ui, tl!("Format:"));
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "library-format", format_of(d).label(), &labels, 230.0) {
             set(d, "format", json!(PaletteFormat::ALL[i].id()));
         }
         ui.end_row();
-        destination(ui, d, "Selected Swatches Only");
+        destination(ui, d, tl!("Selected Swatches Only"));
     });
     if format_of(d) == PaletteFormat::Gpl {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "GPL palettes keep solid colours only, as RGB.");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("GPL palettes keep solid colours only, as RGB."));
     }
     false
 }
 
 /// The Name row of a Save … Library dialog's [`grid`].
 pub(super) fn name_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
-    label(ui, "Name:");
+    label(ui, tl!("Name:"));
     form::text(ui, d, "name", 220.0);
     ui.end_row();
 }
@@ -75,14 +76,14 @@ pub(super) fn name_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
 /// one) or a file, and `only` (Selected Swatches Only) with the number of selected items.
 pub(super) fn destination(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, only: &str) {
     let names = d.fields.get("names").and_then(Value::as_array).map_or(0, Vec::len);
-    label(ui, "Save To:");
+    label(ui, tl!("Save To:"));
     let (user, has_user) = (d.bool("user"), d.bool("__user"));
-    if widgets::radio(ui, "User Defined Libraries", user, has_user) {
+    if widgets::radio(ui, tl!("User Defined Libraries"), user, has_user) {
         set(d, "user", json!(true));
     }
     ui.end_row();
     ui.label("");
-    if widgets::radio(ui, "A File…", !user, true) {
+    if widgets::radio(ui, tl!("A File…"), !user, true) {
         set(d, "user", json!(false));
     }
     ui.end_row();
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/shapes.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/shapes.rs
index 75a8a4f75..aa57f9770 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/shapes.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/shapes.rs
@@ -11,12 +11,12 @@ pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |d| title(&d.kind).int
 
 fn title(kind: &str) -> &'static str {
     match kind {
-        "rectangle" => "Rectangle",
-        "roundedRectangle" => "Rounded Rectangle",
-        "ellipse" => "Ellipse",
-        "polygon" => "Polygon",
-        "star" => "Star",
-        _ => "Line Segment Tool Options",
+        "rectangle" => tl!("Rectangle"),
+        "roundedRectangle" => tl!("Rounded Rectangle"),
+        "ellipse" => tl!("Ellipse"),
+        "polygon" => tl!("Polygon"),
+        "star" => tl!("Star"),
+        _ => tl!("Line Segment Tool Options"),
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/slices.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/slices.rs
index 524ca5b91..da45a477f 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/slices.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/slices.rs
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ pub const OPTIONS: &str = "sliceOptions";
 pub const DIVIDE: &str = "divideSlices";
 
 pub(super) const OPTIONS_SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Slice Options".into(), body: options_body, confirm: options_confirm, min_width: 380.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Slice Options").into(), body: options_body, confirm: options_confirm, min_width: 380.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 pub(super) const DIVIDE_SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Divide Slices".into(), body: divide_body, confirm: divide_confirm, min_width: 320.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Divide Slices").into(), body: divide_body, confirm: divide_confirm, min_width: 320.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// Label column and field widths of the dialogs.
 const LABEL_W: f32 = 110.0;
@@ -61,29 +61,31 @@ fn pairs<T: Copy>(all: &[T], key: fn(T) -> &'static str, label: fn(T) -> &'stati
 
 fn options_body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let kinds: Vec<_> = SliceKind::ALL.iter().filter(|k| **k != SliceKind::HtmlText || d.bool("__html")).copied().collect();
-    form::choice(ui, d, "kind", "Slice Type:", (LABEL_W, FIELD_W), &pairs(&kinds, SliceKind::key, SliceKind::label));
+    form::choice(ui, d, "kind", tl!("Slice Type:"), (LABEL_W, FIELD_W), &pairs(&kinds, SliceKind::key, SliceKind::label));
     ui.add_space(6.0);
     let kind = SliceKind::parse(&d.str("kind")).unwrap_or_default();
     match kind {
         SliceKind::Image => {
-            for (key, label) in [("name", "Name:"), ("url", "URL:"), ("target", "Target:"), ("message", "Message:"), ("alt", "Alt:")] {
+            for (key, label) in
+                [("name", tl!("Name:")), ("url", tl!("URL:")), ("target", tl!("Target:")), ("message", tl!("Message:")), ("alt", tl!("Alt:"))]
+            {
                 widgets::label_row(ui, label, LABEL_W, |ui| {
                     form::text(ui, d, key, FIELD_W - 12.0);
                 });
             }
         }
         SliceKind::NoImage => {
-            widgets::dim_label(ui, "Text Displayed in Cell:");
+            widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Text Displayed in Cell:"));
             form::text_area(ui, d, "text", LABEL_W + FIELD_W - 12.0, 4);
         }
         SliceKind::HtmlText => {
-            widgets::dim_label(ui, "The cell shows the type object's text as HTML.");
+            widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("The cell shows the type object's text as HTML."));
         }
     }
     if kind != SliceKind::Image {
         ui.add_space(6.0);
-        form::choice(ui, d, "hAlign", "Horizontal:", (LABEL_W, FIELD_W), &pairs(CellAlign::ALL, CellAlign::key, CellAlign::label));
-        form::choice(ui, d, "vAlign", "Vertical:", (LABEL_W, FIELD_W), &pairs(CellVAlign::ALL, CellVAlign::key, CellVAlign::label));
+        form::choice(ui, d, "hAlign", tl!("Horizontal:"), (LABEL_W, FIELD_W), &pairs(CellAlign::ALL, CellAlign::key, CellAlign::label));
+        form::choice(ui, d, "vAlign", tl!("Vertical:"), (LABEL_W, FIELD_W), &pairs(CellVAlign::ALL, CellVAlign::key, CellVAlign::label));
     }
     ui.add_space(6.0);
     background_row(ui, d);
@@ -101,7 +103,7 @@ fn background_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
         "#000000" => 3,
         _ => 4,
     };
-    widgets::label_row(ui, "Background:", LABEL_W, |ui| {
+    widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Background:"), LABEL_W, |ui| {
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "slice-background", NAMES[shown], &NAMES, 120.0) {
             let v = match i {
                 0 => "",
@@ -152,16 +154,22 @@ fn divide_section(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, keys:
                     d.fields.insert(mode.into(), json!("size"));
                 }
                 form::length(ui, d, size, app.session.general_unit(), 70.0);
-                widgets::dim_label(ui, "per slice");
+                widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("per slice"));
             });
         });
     });
 }
 
 fn divide_body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
-    divide_section(app, ui, d, ["divideRows", "rows", "rowMode", "rowHeight"], ["Divide Horizontally Into", "slices down, evenly spaced"]);
+    divide_section(app, ui, d, ["divideRows", "rows", "rowMode", "rowHeight"], [tl!("Divide Horizontally Into"), tl!("slices down, evenly spaced")]);
     ui.add_space(8.0);
-    divide_section(app, ui, d, ["divideColumns", "columns", "columnMode", "columnWidth"], ["Divide Vertically Into", "slices across, evenly spaced"]);
+    divide_section(
+        app,
+        ui,
+        d,
+        ["divideColumns", "columns", "columnMode", "columnWidth"],
+        [tl!("Divide Vertically Into"), tl!("slices across, evenly spaced")],
+    );
     false
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/spot_colors.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/spot_colors.rs
index d724ebed9..9ab6c2993 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/spot_colors.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/spot_colors.rs
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
 /// The dialog kind of Spot Colors.
 pub const KIND: &str = "spotColors";
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Spot Colors".into(), body, confirm, min_width: 360.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Spot Colors").into(), body, confirm, min_width: 360.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// The choices: (`useLab`, label, what it does).
 const CHOICES: [(bool, &str, &str); 2] = [
@@ -33,15 +33,15 @@ fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     grid(ui, |ui| {
         for (i, (value, text, help)) in CHOICES.into_iter().enumerate() {
             if i == 0 {
-                label(ui, "Lab Spot Colors:");
+                label(ui, tl!("Lab Spot Colors:"));
             } else {
                 ui.label("");
             }
             ui.vertical(|ui| {
-                if widgets::radio(ui, text, use_lab == value, true) {
+                if widgets::radio(ui, tl!(text), use_lab == value, true) {
                     d.fields.insert("useLab".into(), json!(value));
                 }
-                ui.indent(text, |ui| label(ui, help));
+                ui.indent(text, |ui| label(ui, tl!(help)));
             });
             ui.end_row();
         }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/svg_options.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/svg_options.rs
index 4a6e5d4bd..d88b0cbc8 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/svg_options.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/svg_options.rs
@@ -12,8 +12,15 @@ use crate::state::Dialog;
 use crate::theme::{self, Tokens};
 use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "SVG Options".into(), body, confirm, ok: Some("OK"), min_width: 380.0, max_width: Some(560.0), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec {
+    heading: |_| tl!("SVG Options").into(),
+    body,
+    confirm,
+    ok: Some("OK"),
+    min_width: 380.0,
+    max_width: Some(560.0),
+    ..DialogSpec::FORM
+};
 
 /// `Dialog::kind` of this dialog.
 pub const KIND: &str = "svgOptions";
@@ -166,11 +173,11 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     if Mode::of(d) == Mode::Export {
         artboards(app, ui, d);
     } else {
-        check(ui, d, "preserveEditing", "Preserve Editing Capabilities", true);
+        check(ui, d, "preserveEditing", tl!("Preserve Editing Capabilities"), true);
     }
     ui.add_space(10.0);
     let show = d.bool("showCode");
-    if widgets::secondary_button(ui, if show { "Hide Code" } else { "Show Code" }).clicked() {
+    if widgets::secondary_button(ui, if show { tl!("Hide Code") } else { tl!("Show Code") }).clicked() {
         d.fields.insert("showCode".into(), json!(!show));
     }
     if show {
@@ -188,47 +195,47 @@ pub(super) fn option_fields(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, screens: bool) {
     // SVG Tiny has presentation attributes alone and no web fonts.
     let tiny = d.str("profile") == "tiny12";
     egui::Grid::new("svg-options").num_columns(2).spacing([12.0, 8.0]).show(ui, |ui| {
-        choice(ui, d, "profile", "SVG Profile:", &PROFILES, None);
-        choice(ui, d, "styling", "Styling:", &STYLING, tiny.then_some("presentation"));
-        choice(ui, d, "outlineText", "Font:", &FONTS, None);
+        choice(ui, d, "profile", tl!("SVG Profile:"), &PROFILES, None);
+        choice(ui, d, "styling", tl!("Styling:"), &STYLING, tiny.then_some("presentation"));
+        choice(ui, d, "outlineText", tl!("Font:"), &FONTS, None);
         if !screens {
-            choice(ui, d, "images", "Images:", &IMAGES, None);
+            choice(ui, d, "images", tl!("Images:"), &IMAGES, None);
         }
-        choice(ui, d, "objectIds", "Object IDs:", &OBJECT_IDS, None);
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Decimal:").color(t.text_dim));
+        choice(ui, d, "objectIds", tl!("Object IDs:"), &OBJECT_IDS, None);
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Decimal:")).color(t.text_dim));
         let decimals = d.f64("decimals", 3.0);
         if let Some(v) = widgets::spin_plain(ui, "svg-decimals", decimals, "", 0, 70.0, 1.0, 1.0, &[]) {
             let (lo, hi) = (*vectorcraft_svg::DECIMALS.start() as f64, *vectorcraft_svg::DECIMALS.end() as f64);
             d.fields.insert("decimals".into(), json!(v.round().clamp(lo, hi) as u8));
         }
         ui.end_row();
-        choice(ui, d, "encoding", "Encoding:", &ENCODINGS, None);
+        choice(ui, d, "encoding", tl!("Encoding:"), &ENCODINGS, None);
     });
     ui.add_space(6.0);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        check(ui, d, "minify", "Minify", true);
+        check(ui, d, "minify", tl!("Minify"), true);
         ui.add_space(12.0);
-        check(ui, d, "responsive", "Responsive", true);
+        check(ui, d, "responsive", tl!("Responsive"), true);
     });
-    check(ui, d, "embedFonts", "Embed Fonts (Glyphs Used)", !d.bool("outlineText") && !tiny);
-    check(ui, d, "fewerTspans", "Fewer <tspan> Elements", !d.bool("outlineText"));
-    check(ui, d, "metadata", "Include Metadata", true);
+    check(ui, d, "embedFonts", tl!("Embed Fonts (Glyphs Used)"), !d.bool("outlineText") && !tiny);
+    check(ui, d, "fewerTspans", tl!("Fewer <tspan> Elements"), !d.bool("outlineText"));
+    check(ui, d, "metadata", tl!("Include Metadata"), true);
 }
 
 /// Use Artboards: all of them or a range; off = the bounds of all art.
 fn artboards(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) {
     let count = app.session.active().map_or(0, |st| st.doc.artboards.len());
     ui.add_space(4.0);
-    check(ui, d, "useArtboards", "Use Artboards", count > 0);
+    check(ui, d, "useArtboards", tl!("Use Artboards"), count > 0);
     let on = d.bool("useArtboards") && count > 0;
     ui.add_enabled_ui(on, |ui| {
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
             ui.add_space(22.0);
             let all = d.bool("allArtboards");
-            if ui.radio(all, "All").clicked() {
+            if ui.radio(all, tl!("All")).clicked() {
                 d.fields.insert("allArtboards".into(), json!(true));
             }
-            if ui.radio(!all, "Range:").clicked() {
+            if ui.radio(!all, tl!("Range:")).clicked() {
                 d.fields.insert("allArtboards".into(), json!(false));
             }
             let mut range = d.str("range");
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/swatch_conflict.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/swatch_conflict.rs
index f7c353418..48e90e5d4 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/swatch_conflict.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/swatch_conflict.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
 pub const KIND: &str = "swatchConflict";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Swatch Conflict".into(), body, confirm, min_width: 380.0, max_width: Some(440.0), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Swatch Conflict").into(), body, confirm, min_width: 380.0, max_width: Some(440.0), ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// The choices: (`choice` value, label, what it does).
 const CHOICES: [(&str, &str, &str); 2] = [
@@ -67,33 +67,33 @@ fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let i = index(d);
     let (count, Some(c)) = (conflicts(d).len(), conflicts(d).get(i).cloned()) else { return true };
     let name = c["name"].as_str().unwrap_or_default();
-    ui.label(format!("This document already has a swatch named \u{201c}{name}\u{201d} with another color."));
+    ui.label(crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("This document already has a swatch named “{name}” with another color."), &[("name", name)]));
     if count > 1 {
-        label(ui, &format!("Conflict {} of {count}", i + 1));
+        label(ui, &crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Conflict {n} of {count}"), &[("n", &(i + 1).to_string()), ("count", &count.to_string())]));
     }
     ui.add_space(10.0);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        chip(ui, c["document"].as_str(), "Document");
+        chip(ui, c["document"].as_str(), tl!("Document"));
         ui.add_space(12.0);
-        chip(ui, c["clipboard"].as_str(), "Pasted");
+        chip(ui, c["clipboard"].as_str(), tl!("Pasted"));
     });
     ui.add_space(10.0);
     let choice = d.str("choice");
     grid(ui, |ui| {
         for (k, (value, text, help)) in CHOICES.into_iter().enumerate() {
-            label(ui, if k == 0 { "Options:" } else { "" });
+            label(ui, if k == 0 { tl!("Options:") } else { "" });
             ui.vertical(|ui| {
-                if widgets::radio(ui, text, choice == value, true) {
+                if widgets::radio(ui, tl!(text), choice == value, true) {
                     d.fields.insert("choice".into(), json!(value));
                 }
-                ui.indent(text, |ui| label(ui, help));
+                ui.indent(text, |ui| label(ui, tl!(help)));
             });
             ui.end_row();
         }
     });
     ui.add_space(6.0);
     let all = d.bool("applyToAll");
-    if widgets::check(ui, "Apply to All", all, count > 1) {
+    if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Apply to All"), all, count > 1) {
         d.fields.insert("applyToAll".into(), json!(!all));
     }
     false
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/swatch_options.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/swatch_options.rs
index d8696364d..79413bf6f 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/swatch_options.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/swatch_options.rs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ use crate::widgets;
 pub const KIND: &str = "swatchOptions";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Swatch Options".into(), body, confirm, preview: true, min_width: 340.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Swatch Options").into(), body, confirm, preview: true, min_width: 340.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// Colour modes, in menu order, with their `mode` field / `swatch.edit` ids.
 const MODES: [(Mode, &str); 6] =
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     };
     ui.add_space(8.0);
     let mut pv = d.bool("preview");
-    let pv_changed = widgets::check(ui, "Preview", pv, true);
+    let pv_changed = widgets::check(ui, tl!("Preview"), pv, true);
     if pv_changed {
         pv = !pv;
         d.fields.insert("preview".into(), json!(pv));
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ pub(super) fn label(ui: &mut egui::Ui, s: &str) {
 
 /// The Swatch Name row of the grid. Returns true when it changed.
 pub(super) fn name_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
-    label(ui, "Swatch Name:");
+    label(ui, tl!("Swatch Name:"));
     let changed = form::text(ui, d, "name", 190.0);
     ui.end_row();
     changed
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ pub(super) fn editor(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let mut changed = false;
     grid(ui, |ui| {
         changed |= name_row(ui, d);
-        label(ui, "Color Type:");
+        label(ui, tl!("Color Type:"));
         let spot = d.bool("spot");
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "swatch-type", TYPES[usize::from(spot)], &TYPES, 200.0) {
             d.fields.insert("spot".into(), json!(i == 1));
@@ -173,12 +173,12 @@ pub(super) fn editor(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         ui.label("");
         // Spot colours are always global.
         let global = spot || d.bool("global");
-        if widgets::check(ui, "Global", global, !spot) {
+        if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Global"), global, !spot) {
             d.fields.insert("global".into(), json!(!global));
             changed = true;
         }
         ui.end_row();
-        label(ui, "Color Mode:");
+        label(ui, tl!("Color Mode:"));
         let labels = MODES.map(|m| m.0.label());
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "swatch-mode", mode_of(d).label(), &labels, 200.0) {
             let m = MODES[i].0;
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/text_export.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/text_export.rs
index 748942c7f..6701fd65d 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/text_export.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/text_export.rs
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, io};
 pub(crate) const KIND: &str = "txtOptions";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Text Export Options".into(), body, confirm, ok: Some("Export"), min_width: 340.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Text Export Options").into(), body, confirm, ok: Some("Export"), min_width: 340.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 const ENCODINGS: [&str; 2] = ["utf8", "utf16"];
 const ENCODING_LABELS: [&str; 2] = ["UTF-8", "UTF-16 (Unicode)"];
@@ -31,16 +31,16 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let label = |ui: &mut egui::Ui, text: &str| ui.label(egui::RichText::new(text).color(t.text_dim));
     egui::Grid::new("text-export").num_columns(2).spacing([10.0, 8.0]).show(ui, |ui| {
-        label(ui, "Encoding:");
+        label(ui, tl!("Encoding:"));
         choice(ui, d, "encoding", &ENCODINGS, &ENCODING_LABELS);
         ui.end_row();
-        label(ui, "Line Endings:");
+        label(ui, tl!("Line Endings:"));
         choice(ui, d, "lineEndings", &LINE_ENDINGS, &LINE_ENDING_LABELS);
         ui.end_row();
     });
     ui.add_space(8.0);
     let selected = app.session.active().is_some_and(|st| !st.selection.objects.is_empty());
-    ui.add_enabled_ui(selected, |ui| form::check(ui, d, "selectionOnly", "Selection Only"));
+    ui.add_enabled_ui(selected, |ui| form::check(ui, d, "selectionOnly", tl!("Selection Only")));
     false
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/text_import.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/text_import.rs
index e4f159b08..2ac09e349 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/text_import.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/text_import.rs
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
 /// The dialog kind of Text Import Options.
 pub const KIND: &str = "textImport";
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Text Import Options".into(), body, confirm, min_width: 340.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Text Import Options").into(), body, confirm, min_width: 340.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// The label column of the Encoding rows.
 const LABEL: f32 = 104.0;
@@ -42,13 +43,13 @@ pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, params: &Value) -> Value {
 }
 
 fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Encoding");
-    form::choice(ui, d, "platform", "Platform:", (LABEL, 180.0), &[("windows", "Windows"), ("mac", "Mac")]);
-    form::choice(ui, d, "characterSet", "Character Set:", (LABEL, 180.0), &[("unicode", "Unicode"), ("ansi", "ANSI")]);
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Encoding"));
+    form::choice(ui, d, "platform", tl!("Platform:"), (LABEL, 180.0), &[("windows", "Windows"), ("mac", "Mac")]);
+    form::choice(ui, d, "characterSet", tl!("Character Set:"), (LABEL, 180.0), &[("unicode", "Unicode"), ("ansi", "ANSI")]);
     ui.add_space(10.0);
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Line Breaks");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Line Breaks"));
     for (key, label) in
-        [("removeLineReturns", "Join the lines of each paragraph"), ("removeParagraphReturns", "Remove blank lines between paragraphs")]
+        [("removeLineReturns", tl!("Join the lines of each paragraph")), ("removeParagraphReturns", tl!("Remove blank lines between paragraphs"))]
     {
         let on = d.bool(key);
         if widgets::check(ui, label, on, true) {
@@ -56,17 +57,17 @@ fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         }
     }
     ui.add_space(10.0);
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Spaces");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Spaces"));
     let on = d.bool("replaceSpaces");
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        if widgets::check(ui, "Replace", on, true) {
+        if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Replace"), on, true) {
             d.fields.insert("replaceSpaces".into(), json!(!on));
         }
         ui.add_enabled_ui(on, |ui| {
             if let Some(n) = widgets::plain_field(ui, "text-import-spaces", d.f64("spaces", 3.0), "", 0, 44.0) {
                 d.fields.insert("spaces".into(), json!(n.round().clamp(2.0, 100.0)));
             }
-            widgets::dim_label(ui, "or more spaces with a tab");
+            widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("or more spaces with a tab"));
         });
     });
     false
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/tiff_bmp_tga.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/tiff_bmp_tga.rs
index 24c6efa54..1349cd196 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/tiff_bmp_tga.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/tiff_bmp_tga.rs
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ pub(super) fn rows(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, id: &str, label: Label) {
         "tiff" => tiff_rows(ui, d, label),
         "bmp" => bmp_rows(ui, d, label),
         "tga" => {
-            label(ui, "Depth:");
+            label(ui, tl!("Depth:"));
             depth_row(ui, d, "tga-depth", &tga::DEPTHS, &TGA_DEPTH_LABELS, |_| true);
             ui.end_row();
         }
@@ -85,51 +85,51 @@ pub(super) fn rows(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, id: &str, label: Label) {
 }
 
 fn tiff_rows(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, label: Label) {
-    label(ui, "Color Model:");
+    label(ui, tl!("Color Model:"));
     choice(ui, d, "colorModel", &ColorModel::ALL.map(ColorModel::id), &ColorModel::ALL.map(ColorModel::label));
     ui.end_row();
 
-    label(ui, "Byte Order:");
+    label(ui, tl!("Byte Order:"));
     choice(ui, d, "byteOrder", &ByteOrder::ALL.map(ByteOrder::id), &ByteOrder::ALL.map(ByteOrder::label));
     ui.end_row();
 
     ui.label("");
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        form::check(ui, d, "lzw", "LZW Compression");
-        form::check(ui, d, "embedIcc", "Embed ICC Profile");
+        form::check(ui, d, "lzw", tl!("LZW Compression"));
+        form::check(ui, d, "embedIcc", tl!("Embed ICC Profile"));
     });
     ui.end_row();
 }
 
 fn bmp_rows(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, label: Label) {
-    label(ui, "Color Model:");
+    label(ui, tl!("Color Model:"));
     choice(ui, d, "colorModel", &BMP_MODELS, &BMP_MODEL_LABELS);
     ui.end_row();
 
-    label(ui, "File Format:");
+    label(ui, tl!("File Format:"));
     choice(ui, d, "fileFormat", &LAYOUTS, &LAYOUT_LABELS);
     ui.end_row();
 
     let os2 = d.str("fileFormat") == LAYOUTS[1];
-    label(ui, "Depth:");
+    label(ui, tl!("Depth:"));
     depth_row(ui, d, "bmp-depth", &bmp::DEPTHS, &BMP_DEPTH_LABELS, |depth| !os2 || bmp::OS2_DEPTHS.contains(&depth));
     ui.end_row();
 
     // The palette of a colour image at 4 or 8 bits (1 bit is black and white; greys are fixed).
     let depth = d.f64("depth", 24.0) as u8;
     if matches!(depth, 4 | 8) && d.str("colorModel") != BMP_MODELS[1] {
-        label(ui, "Color Reduction:");
+        label(ui, tl!("Color Reduction:"));
         choice(ui, d, "reduction", &Reduction::ALL.map(Reduction::id), &Reduction::ALL.map(Reduction::label));
         ui.end_row();
-        label(ui, "Dither:");
+        label(ui, tl!("Dither:"));
         choice(ui, d, "dither", &Dither::ALL.map(Dither::id), &Dither::ALL.map(Dither::label));
         ui.end_row();
     }
 
     ui.label("");
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        ui.add_enabled_ui(!os2 && matches!(depth, 4 | 8), |ui| form::check(ui, d, "rle", "Compress (RLE)"));
-        ui.add_enabled_ui(!os2 && !d.bool("rle"), |ui| form::check(ui, d, "flipRows", "Flip Row Order"));
+        ui.add_enabled_ui(!os2 && matches!(depth, 4 | 8), |ui| form::check(ui, d, "rle", tl!("Compress (RLE)")));
+        ui.add_enabled_ui(!os2 && !d.bool("rle"), |ui| form::check(ui, d, "flipRows", tl!("Flip Row Order")));
     });
     ui.end_row();
     normalize_bmp(d);
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/tile_edge_color.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/tile_edge_color.rs
index 3efcdfa22..785fafbcd 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/tile_edge_color.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/tile_edge_color.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
 /// The dialog kind of Tile Edge Color.
 pub const KIND: &str = "tileEdgeColor";
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Tile Edge Color".into(), body, confirm, min_width: 300.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Tile Edge Color").into(), body, confirm, min_width: 300.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// Open Tile Edge Color on the current preference.
 pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp) -> Result<Value, String> {
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ fn body(_: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let preset = LAYER_COLORS.iter().position(|(_, c)| *c == [r, g, b]);
     let names: Vec<&str> = LAYER_COLORS.iter().map(|(n, _)| *n).chain(["Custom"]).collect();
     grid(ui, |ui| {
-        label(ui, "Color:");
+        label(ui, tl!("Color:"));
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
             if let Some((_, [r, g, b])) =
                 widgets::dropdown(ui, "tile-edge", names[preset.unwrap_or(LAYER_COLORS.len())], &names, 140.0).and_then(|i| LAYER_COLORS.get(i))
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/transform.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/transform.rs
index 4ef5fbafe..bbc81d2fb 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/transform.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/transform.rs
@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |d| title(&d.kind).int
 
 fn title(kind: &str) -> &'static str {
     match kind {
-        "move" => "Move",
-        "rotate" => "Rotate",
-        "scale" => "Scale",
-        "reflect" => "Reflect",
-        _ => "Shear",
+        "move" => tl!("Move"),
+        "rotate" => tl!("Rotate"),
+        "scale" => tl!("Scale"),
+        "reflect" => tl!("Reflect"),
+        _ => tl!("Shear"),
     }
 }
 
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     form::grid(ui, d, app.session.general_unit());
     ui.add_space(6.0);
     if d.kind == "scale" {
-        form::check(ui, d, "uniform", "Uniform");
+        form::check(ui, d, "uniform", tl!("Uniform"));
         scale_options(app, ui, d);
     }
-    form::check(ui, d, "copy", "Copy (make a transformed copy)");
+    form::check(ui, d, "copy", tl!("Copy (make a transformed copy)"));
     false
 }
 
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ pub(super) fn scale_options(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dia
     for (field, _, label) in SCALE_OPTIONS {
         let on = scale_option(app, d, field);
         d.fields.insert(field.into(), Value::Bool(on));
-        form::check(ui, d, field, label);
+        form::check(ui, d, field, tl!(label));
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/transform_each.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/transform_each.rs
index d8609bc31..22c397544 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/transform_each.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/transform_each.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ pub const KIND: &str = "transformEach";
 const CMD: &str = "object.transformEach";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Transform Each".into(), body, confirm, preview: true, min_width: 360.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Transform Each").into(), body, confirm, preview: true, min_width: 360.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// The fields a fresh dialog starts with.
 pub fn fields() -> Value {
@@ -55,9 +55,9 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
             egui::Grid::new("te-grid").num_columns(2).spacing([10.0, 6.0]).show(ui, |ui| {
                 for (head, rows) in [
-                    ("Scale", [("scaleH", "Horizontal:", "%"), ("scaleV", "Vertical:", "%")].as_slice()),
-                    ("Move", &[("moveH", "Horizontal:", "pt"), ("moveV", "Vertical:", "pt")]),
-                    ("Rotate", &[("rotate", "Angle:", "°")]),
+                    (tl!("Scale"), [("scaleH", tl!("Horizontal:"), "%"), ("scaleV", tl!("Vertical:"), "%")].as_slice()),
+                    (tl!("Move"), &[("moveH", tl!("Horizontal:"), "pt"), ("moveV", tl!("Vertical:"), "pt")]),
+                    (tl!("Rotate"), &[("rotate", tl!("Angle:"), "°")]),
                 ] {
                     widgets::subheader(ui, head);
                     ui.end_row();
@@ -69,20 +69,20 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
         });
         ui.add_space(16.0);
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
-            widgets::subheader(ui, "Options");
+            widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Options"));
             ui.add_space(4.0);
             scale_options(app, ui, d);
-            form::check(ui, d, "reflectX", "Reflect X");
-            form::check(ui, d, "reflectY", "Reflect Y");
+            form::check(ui, d, "reflectX", tl!("Reflect X"));
+            form::check(ui, d, "reflectY", tl!("Reflect Y"));
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
                 let cur = d.f64("reference", 4.0).clamp(0.0, 8.0) as usize;
                 if let Some(i) = widgets::reference_point(ui, cur) {
                     d.fields.insert("reference".into(), json!(i));
                 }
-                widgets::dim_label(ui, "Reference Point");
+                widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Reference Point"));
             });
-            form::check(ui, d, "random", "Random");
-            form::check(ui, d, "copy", "Copy");
+            form::check(ui, d, "random", tl!("Random"));
+            form::check(ui, d, "copy", tl!("Copy"));
         });
     });
     let mut p = params(d);
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/width_point.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/width_point.rs
index 35a4ebb22..247669a26 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/width_point.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/width_point.rs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
 pub const KIND: &str = "widthPoint";
 
 pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec =
-    DialogSpec { heading: |_| "Width Point Edit".into(), body, confirm, discard: Some("Delete"), min_width: 300.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+    DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Width Point Edit").into(), body, confirm, discard: Some("Delete"), min_width: 300.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 /// Width point `index` of `id`: its place and side widths (points).
 fn point(app: &VectorcraftApp, id: u64, index: usize) -> Option<(f64, f64, f64)> {
@@ -44,12 +44,12 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     let (s1, s2, linked) = (d.f64("side1", 0.0), d.f64("side2", 0.0), d.bool("linked"));
     let mut sides = None;
     grid(ui, |ui| {
-        label(ui, "Side 1:");
+        label(ui, tl!("Side 1:"));
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
             if let Some(v) = widgets::num_field(ui, "wp-side1", Some(s1), unit, 90.0) {
                 sides = Some((v, if linked { v } else { s2 }));
             }
-            if widgets::icon_button(ui, if linked { "link" } else { "link-2-off" }, "Keep both sides the same width", linked, 22.0).clicked() {
+            if widgets::icon_button(ui, if linked { "link" } else { "link-2-off" }, tl!("Keep both sides the same width"), linked, 22.0).clicked() {
                 d.fields.insert("linked".into(), json!(!linked));
                 if !linked {
                     sides = Some((s1, s1));
@@ -57,12 +57,12 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
             }
         });
         ui.end_row();
-        label(ui, "Side 2:");
+        label(ui, tl!("Side 2:"));
         if let Some(v) = widgets::num_field(ui, "wp-side2", Some(s2), unit, 90.0) {
             sides = Some((if linked { v } else { s1 }, v));
         }
         ui.end_row();
-        label(ui, "Total Width:");
+        label(ui, tl!("Total Width:"));
         if let Some(v) = widgets::num_field(ui, "wp-total", Some(s1 + s2), unit, 90.0) {
             // Both sides in proportion (equal halves from nothing).
             let k = if s1 + s2 > 1e-9 { v / (s1 + s2) } else { 0.0 };
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
     }
     ui.add_space(4.0);
     ui.allocate_ui(vec2(ui.available_width(), 22.0), |ui| {
-        if widgets::check(ui, "Adjust Adjoining Width Points", d.bool("adjustAdjoining"), true) {
+        if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Adjust Adjoining Width Points"), d.bool("adjustAdjoining"), true) {
             d.fields.insert("adjustAdjoining".into(), json!(!d.bool("adjustAdjoining")));
         }
     });
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dock.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dock.rs
index 33c705193..db7e35675 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dock.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dock.rs
@@ -28,7 +28,8 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             let mut x = strip.left();
             for (tab, label) in [(DockTab::Properties, "Properties"), (DockTab::Layers, "Layers"), (DockTab::Libraries, "Libraries")] {
                 let active = app.ui.dock_tab == tab;
-                let galley = ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(label.to_string(), theme::semibold(12.5), if active { t.text_strong } else { t.text_dim });
+                let galley =
+                    ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(tl!(label).to_string(), theme::semibold(12.5), if active { t.text_strong } else { t.text_dim });
                 let r = egui::Rect::from_min_size(egui::pos2(x, strip.top()), vec2(galley.size().x + 24.0, strip.height() - 1.0));
                 let resp = ui.interact(r, ui.id().with(("docktab", label)), Sense::click());
                 if active {
@@ -99,10 +100,10 @@ pub fn floating_panel(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
             ui.painter().rect_filled(strip, CornerRadius { nw: 4, ne: 4, sw: 0, se: 0 }, t.panel_darker);
             let tab = egui::Rect::from_min_size(
                 strip.min,
-                vec2(ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(label.to_string(), theme::semibold(12.0), t.text).size().x + 24.0, 26.0),
+                vec2(ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(tl!(label).to_string(), theme::semibold(12.0), t.text).size().x + 24.0, 26.0),
             );
             ui.painter().rect_filled(tab, CornerRadius { nw: 4, ne: 0, sw: 0, se: 0 }, t.panel);
-            ui.painter().text(tab.left_center() + vec2(12.0, 0.0), egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER, *label, theme::semibold(12.0), t.text);
+            ui.painter().text(tab.left_center() + vec2(12.0, 0.0), egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER, tl!(label), theme::semibold(12.0), t.text);
             let close = egui::Rect::from_center_size(strip.right_center() - vec2(13.0, 0.0), vec2(14.0, 14.0));
             let cr = ui.interact(close, ui.id().with("close-panel"), Sense::click());
             icons::paint(ui, "chevrons-right", close, if cr.hovered() { t.text } else { t.text_dim });
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/find_font.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/find_font.rs
index 9bef09ff0..6d969f7ea 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/find_font.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/find_font.rs
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
     egui::Area::new(egui::Id::new("modal-dim")).order(egui::Order::Middle).fixed_pos(egui::pos2(0.0, 0.0)).show(ctx, |ui| {
         ui.allocate_rect(ctx.content_rect(), egui::Sense::click());
     });
-    egui::Window::new("Find Font")
+    egui::Window::new(tl!("Find Font"))
         .id(egui::Id::new("dialog-find-font"))
         .order(egui::Order::Foreground)
         .collapsible(false)
@@ -49,9 +49,9 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
         .frame(egui::Frame::window(&ctx.global_style()).fill(t.panel).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(22)))
         .show(ctx, |ui: &mut Ui| {
             ui.set_width(380.0);
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Find Font").font(theme::semibold(16.0)).color(t.text));
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Find Font")).font(theme::semibold(16.0)).color(t.text));
             ui.add_space(10.0);
-            widgets::subheader(ui, &format!("Fonts in Document: {}", list.len()));
+            widgets::subheader(ui, &crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Fonts in Document: {count}"), &[("count", &list.len().to_string())]));
             let sel = d.fields.get("selected").and_then(Value::as_u64).unwrap_or(0) as usize;
             egui::Frame::NONE.fill(t.input).stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, t.input_border)).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(4)).show(ui, |ui| {
                 ui.set_min_height(120.0);
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                 });
             });
             ui.add_space(10.0);
-            widgets::subheader(ui, "Replace With Font");
+            widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Replace With Font"));
             let fam = d.str("family");
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
                 if let Some(f) = widgets::font_dropdown(ui, "ff-family", &fam, 220.0) {
@@ -86,17 +86,17 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
             ui.add_space(14.0);
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
                 let has = sel < list.len();
-                if ui.add_enabled(has, egui::Button::new("Find")).clicked() {
+                if ui.add_enabled(has, egui::Button::new(tl!("Find"))).clicked() {
                     act = Some("find");
                 }
-                if ui.add_enabled(has, egui::Button::new("Change")).on_hover_text("In the selected objects").clicked() {
+                if ui.add_enabled(has, egui::Button::new(tl!("Change"))).on_hover_text(tl!("In the selected objects")).clicked() {
                     act = Some("change");
                 }
-                if ui.add_enabled(has, egui::Button::new("Change All")).clicked() {
+                if ui.add_enabled(has, egui::Button::new(tl!("Change All"))).clicked() {
                     act = Some("changeAll");
                 }
                 ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
-                    if widgets::primary_button(ui, "Done").clicked() {
+                    if widgets::primary_button(ui, tl!("Done")).clicked() {
                         close = true;
                     }
                 });
@@ -124,12 +124,16 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
 /// standing in for another, characters the font lacks; and the colour to flag it with.
 fn font_note(f: &Value) -> (String, Option<egui::Color32>) {
     let lacking = f["missingGlyphs"].as_u64().unwrap_or(0);
-    let glyphs = if lacking > 0 { format!("  — {lacking} characters from another font") } else { String::new() };
+    let glyphs =
+        if lacking > 0 { crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("  — {n} characters from another font"), &[("n", &lacking.to_string())]) } else { String::new() };
     match f["status"].as_str() {
-        Some("missing") => (format!("  — missing{glyphs}"), Some(egui::Color32::from_rgb(230, 90, 90))),
+        Some("missing") => (format!("{}{glyphs}", tl!("  — missing")), Some(egui::Color32::from_rgb(230, 90, 90))),
         Some("substitute") => {
             let used = f["resolved"]["style"].as_str().unwrap_or("");
-            (format!("  — substituted by {used}{glyphs}"), Some(egui::Color32::from_rgb(220, 160, 60)))
+            (
+                format!("{}{glyphs}", crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("  — substituted by {style}"), &[("style", used)])),
+                Some(egui::Color32::from_rgb(220, 160, 60)),
+            )
         }
         _ if lacking > 0 => (glyphs, Some(egui::Color32::from_rgb(220, 160, 60))),
         _ => (String::new(), None),
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 0ed267048..000000000
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,313 +0,0 @@
-//! Interface translations. Command ids, document text and file names remain stable.
-//! Untranslated labels fall back to English so coverage can grow incrementally. Every entry is a
-//! label VectorCraft's menus show (tested), so labels from other apps don't creep in.
-
-mod czech;
-use czech::CZECH;
-
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
-pub enum Language {
-    #[default]
-    En,
-    Ja,
-    Cs,
-}
-
-impl Language {
-    pub const ALL: [Self; 3] = [Self::En, Self::Ja, Self::Cs];
-
-    pub fn name(self) -> &'static str {
-        match self {
-            Self::En => "English",
-            Self::Ja => "日本語",
-            Self::Cs => "Čeština",
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn parse(code: &str) -> Option<Self> {
-        match code {
-            "en" => Some(Self::En),
-            "ja" => Some(Self::Ja),
-            "cs" => Some(Self::Cs),
-            _ => None,
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn tr(self, text: &str) -> &str {
-        let table = match self {
-            Self::En => return text,
-            Self::Ja => JAPANESE,
-            Self::Cs => CZECH,
-        };
-        table.iter().find(|(english, _)| *english == text).map_or(text, |(_, translated)| translated)
-    }
-}
-
-const JAPANESE: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
-    ("Object", "オブジェクト"),
-    ("Effect", "効果"),
-    ("Settings…", "環境設定…"),
-    ("Type", "書式"),
-    ("Select", "選択"),
-    ("Window", "ウィンドウ"),
-    ("Language", "表示言語"),
-    ("Save As…", "別名で保存…"),
-    ("New…", "新規…"),
-    ("Horizontal", "横書き"),
-    ("Vertical", "縦書き"),
-    ("Type Orientation", "組み方向"),
-    ("Layers", "レイヤー"),
-    ("History", "履歴"),
-    ("Properties", "プロパティ"),
-    ("Color", "カラー"),
-    ("Tools", "ツール"),
-    ("Zoom In", "ズームイン"),
-    ("Zoom Out", "ズームアウト"),
-    ("Copy", "コピー"),
-    ("Cut", "切り取り"),
-    ("Paste", "貼り付け"),
-    ("Deselect", "選択を解除"),
-    ("Export", "書き出し"),
-    ("Export As…", "形式を指定して書き出し…"),
-    ("File", "ファイル"),
-    ("Edit", "編集"),
-    ("View", "表示"),
-    ("Help", "ヘルプ"),
-    ("Preferences…", "環境設定…"),
-    ("Open…", "開く…"),
-    ("Save", "保存"),
-    ("Revert", "保存済みの状態に戻す"),
-    ("Print…", "印刷…"),
-    ("Undo", "取り消し"),
-    ("Redo", "やり直し"),
-];
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use serde_json::{Value, json};
-
-    use super::*;
-    use crate::menus::Item;
-
-    const TABLES: [(Language, &[(&str, &str)]); 2] = [(Language::Ja, JAPANESE), (Language::Cs, CZECH)];
-
-    /// Menu labels Czech shows as they are: the product name, language names, a format name, the
-    /// built-in workspace names and the perspective grid presets (names, shown untranslated
-    /// wherever else they appear).
-    const KEEP_AS_IS: &[&str] = &[
-        "VectorCraft",
-        "English",
-        "日本語",
-        "Čeština",
-        "OpenType",
-        "Essentials",
-        "Essentials Classic",
-        "Automation",
-        "Layout",
-        "Painting",
-        "Printing and Proofing",
-        "Tracing",
-        "Typography",
-        "Web",
-        "[1P-Normal View]",
-        "[1P-Low View]",
-        "[1P-High View]",
-        "[2P-Normal View]",
-        "[2P-Low View]",
-        "[2P-High View]",
-        "[3P-Normal View]",
-        "[3P-Low View]",
-    ];
-
-    /// Every menu title, submenu, item and header label with its command and params (`""`/null
-    /// for the ones that run nothing).
-    fn menu_labels() -> Vec<(&'static str, &'static str, Value)> {
-        fn walk(items: &[Item], out: &mut Vec<(&'static str, &'static str, Value)>) {
-            for i in items {
-                match i {
-                    Item::Cmd(l, id, p) => out.push((l, id, p.clone())),
-                    Item::Todo(l, _) | Item::Header(l) => out.push((l, "", Value::Null)),
-                    Item::Sub(l, children) => {
-                        out.push((l, "", Value::Null));
-                        walk(children, out);
-                    }
-                    Item::Sep => {}
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        let mut labels = vec![];
-        for (title, items) in crate::menus::menu_tree() {
-            labels.push((title, "", Value::Null));
-            walk(&items, &mut labels);
-        }
-        labels
-    }
-
-    /// The labels toggling items switch to ("Show Guides" once guides are hidden…), from a
-    /// document with every toggle flipped.
-    fn toggled_labels() -> Vec<String> {
-        let mut app = crate::VectorcraftApp::new(vectorcraft_engine::Session::new(), crate::Services::default());
-        app.run("file.new", json!({})).unwrap();
-        app.run("shape.rectangle", json!({"x": 10, "y": 10, "width": 50, "height": 50})).unwrap();
-        app.run("object.envelope.makeWithWarp", json!({})).unwrap();
-        let toggles = [
-            "view.outline",
-            "view.edges",
-            "view.cornerWidget",
-            "view.textThreads",
-            "type.hiddenCharacters",
-            "view.gradientAnnotator",
-            "view.artboards",
-            "view.rulers",
-            "view.boundingBox",
-            "view.transparencyGrid",
-            "view.guides",
-            "view.grid",
-            "view.guides.lock",
-            "view.slices.hide",
-            "view.printTiling",
-            "perspective.grid.show",
-            "perspective.grid.rulers",
-            "perspective.grid.lock",
-            "object.envelope.editContents",
-        ];
-        let mut labels = vec![];
-        for id in toggles {
-            let before = crate::menus::dynamic_label(&app, id, "");
-            app.run(id, json!({})).unwrap();
-            let after = crate::menus::dynamic_label(&app, id, "");
-            assert_ne!(before, after, "{id} didn't toggle its label");
-            labels.extend([before, after]);
-        }
-        labels
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn translations_are_unique_and_preserve_unknown_text() {
-        for (language, table) in TABLES {
-            for (i, (en, translated)) in table.iter().enumerate() {
-                assert!(!translated.is_empty());
-                assert!(table.iter().take(i).all(|(other, _)| en != other), "`{en}` twice");
-                assert_eq!(en.ends_with('…'), translated.ends_with('…'), "`{en}` and `{translated}` differ in their ellipsis");
-                assert_eq!(Language::En.tr(en), *en);
-                assert_eq!(language.tr(en), *translated);
-            }
-            assert_eq!(language.tr("日本語の文書.pdf"), "日本語の文書.pdf");
-        }
-        assert_eq!(Language::Ja.tr("File"), "ファイル");
-        assert_eq!(Language::Cs.tr("File"), "Soubor");
-        assert_eq!(Language::parse("xx"), None);
-        for language in Language::ALL {
-            let code = serde_json::to_value(language).unwrap();
-            assert_eq!(Language::parse(code.as_str().unwrap()), Some(language));
-        }
-        assert_eq!(serde_json::to_value(Language::Cs).unwrap(), json!("cs"));
-        assert_eq!(Language::Cs.name(), "Čeština");
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn every_translated_label_is_a_menu_label() {
-        let mut labels: Vec<String> = menu_labels().into_iter().map(|(l, ..)| l.to_string()).collect();
-        // Object › Plug-ins' header leaves the menu while any test has a filter plug-in installed.
-        labels.push(crate::dialogs::plugin::NO_FILTERS.into());
-        labels.extend(toggled_labels());
-        for (language, table) in TABLES {
-            for (en, _) in table {
-                assert!(labels.iter().any(|l| l == en), "{language:?}: `{en}` isn't a VectorCraft menu label");
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn czech_translates_every_menu_label() {
-        let translated = |l: &str| CZECH.iter().any(|(en, _)| *en == l);
-        let labels = menu_labels();
-        // Font names and sizes, and installed plug-ins' own names, are not interface text.
-        let interface = |(label, id, p): &(&str, &str, Value)| {
-            let plugin = *id == "plugin.dialog" || p.get("effect").and_then(Value::as_str).is_some_and(|e| e.starts_with("plugin."));
-            *id != "text.setStyle" && !plugin && !KEEP_AS_IS.contains(label)
-        };
-        let mut missing: Vec<String> = labels.iter().filter(|l| interface(l)).map(|(l, ..)| l.to_string()).collect();
-        missing.extend(toggled_labels());
-        missing.retain(|l| !translated(l));
-        missing.dedup();
-        assert!(missing.is_empty(), "untranslated Czech menu labels: {missing:?}");
-        for keep in KEEP_AS_IS {
-            assert!(labels.iter().any(|(l, ..)| l == keep), "`{keep}` isn't a menu label");
-            assert!(!translated(keep), "`{keep}` is both kept and translated");
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn language_command_validates_and_persists_without_a_document() {
-        let mut app = crate::VectorcraftApp::new(vectorcraft_engine::Session::new(), crate::Services::default());
-        crate::menus::run_ui_command(&mut app, "app.language", &json!({"lang": "ja"})).unwrap().unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(app.ui.language, Language::Ja);
-        assert_eq!(crate::menus::checked(&app, "app.language", &json!({"lang": "ja"})), Some(true));
-        assert!(crate::menus::run_ui_command(&mut app, "app.language", &json!({"lang": "xx"})).unwrap().is_err());
-        assert_eq!(app.ui.language, Language::Ja);
-        let saved = serde_json::to_string(&app.ui).unwrap();
-        let restored: crate::state::UiState = serde_json::from_str(&saved).unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(restored.language, Language::Ja);
-        assert_eq!(crate::menus::run_ui_command(&mut app, "app.language", &json!({"lang": "cs"})).unwrap(), Ok(json!("cs")));
-        assert_eq!(app.ui.language, Language::Cs);
-        assert_eq!(crate::menus::checked(&app, "app.language", &json!({"lang": "cs"})), Some(true));
-        assert_eq!(crate::menus::checked(&app, "app.language", &json!({"lang": "ja"})), Some(false));
-        let restored: crate::state::UiState = serde_json::from_str(&serde_json::to_string(&app.ui).unwrap()).unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(restored.language, Language::Cs);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn the_language_menu_offers_every_language() {
-        let items: Vec<_> = menu_labels().into_iter().filter(|(_, id, _)| *id == "app.language").collect();
-        assert_eq!(items.len(), Language::ALL.len());
-        for language in Language::ALL {
-            let code = serde_json::to_value(language).unwrap();
-            assert!(items.iter().any(|(l, _, p)| *l == language.name() && p["lang"] == code), "{language:?} isn't in the Language menu");
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn japanese_glyphs_are_available_without_system_fonts() {
-        if !vectorcraft_text::CRAFT_FONTS.iter().any(|f| f.is_japanese()) {
-            eprintln!("skipped: built without craft-fonts (set CRAFT_FONTS_DIR to a craft-fonts checkout to run it)");
-            return;
-        }
-        let ctx = egui::Context::default();
-        crate::theme::install_fonts(&ctx);
-        let mut output = ctx.run_ui(egui::RawInput::default(), |_| {});
-        output.textures_delta.clear();
-        ctx.fonts_mut(|fonts| {
-            let families: Vec<_> = fonts.definitions().families.keys().cloned().collect();
-            for family in families {
-                let font = egui::FontId::new(13.0, family);
-                for ch in "日本語ファイル編集".chars() {
-                    assert!(fonts.has_glyph(&font, ch), "missing {ch} in {font:?}");
-                }
-            }
-        });
-    }
-
-    /// Czech letters (and the punctuation Czech text uses) come from each family's own first font,
-    /// not from a fallback further down the stack. (`has_glyph` can't tell: it counts characters of
-    /// the face that draws missing glyphs, the first one, as missing.)
-    #[test]
-    fn czech_glyphs_are_available_without_system_fonts() {
-        let ctx = egui::Context::default();
-        crate::theme::install_fonts(&ctx);
-        let mut output = ctx.run_ui(egui::RawInput::default(), |_| {});
-        output.textures_delta.clear();
-        ctx.fonts_mut(|fonts| {
-            let families: Vec<_> = fonts.definitions().families.iter().map(|(f, stack)| (f.clone(), stack.first().cloned())).collect();
-            for (family, first) in families {
-                let first = first.unwrap();
-                let mut font = fonts.fonts.font(&family);
-                let chars = font.characters();
-                for ch in "áčďéěíňóřšťúůýžÁČĎÉĚÍŇÓŘŠŤÚŮÝŽ„“‚‘…–".chars() {
-                    assert!(chars.get(&ch).is_some_and(|fonts| fonts.contains(&first)), "{first} ({family:?}) has no {ch}");
-                }
-            }
-        });
-    }
-}
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/catalog.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/catalog.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..48d833a43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/catalog.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+//! Parser and lookup tables for translation catalogs (`*.tsv`, format documented in `zh-hant.tsv`).
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+/// A parsed catalog. Values are owned for the life of the process (catalogs are built once).
+#[derive(Debug, Default)]
+pub struct Catalog {
+    /// context-free strings: English source → translation (the hot path, looked up every frame)
+    plain: HashMap<String, String>,
+    /// strings with a disambiguating context, keyed `context \u{1} source`
+    contextual: HashMap<String, String>,
+    /// command-id keyed strings
+    ids: HashMap<String, String>,
+    /// plural messages: `one|other` → forms
+    plurals: HashMap<String, Vec<String>>,
+}
+
+/// A catalog entry as read from the file: (context, source, translation).
+pub type Entry = (String, String, String);
+
+fn unescape(s: &str) -> String {
+    let mut out = String::with_capacity(s.len());
+    let mut it = s.chars();
+    while let Some(c) = it.next() {
+        if c != '\\' {
+            out.push(c);
+            continue;
+        }
+        match it.next() {
+            Some('n') => out.push('\n'),
+            Some('t') => out.push('\t'),
+            Some('\\') => out.push('\\'),
+            Some(o) => {
+                out.push('\\');
+                out.push(o);
+            }
+            None => out.push('\\'),
+        }
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+/// Read the entries of a catalog file. Malformed lines are returned as errors (and skipped), so
+/// a bad translation never breaks the UI; the tests insist the bundled catalogs have none.
+pub fn parse_entries(text: &str) -> (Vec<Entry>, Vec<String>) {
+    let mut entries = Vec::new();
+    let mut errors = Vec::new();
+    for (n, line) in text.lines().enumerate() {
+        if line.trim().is_empty() || line.starts_with('#') {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let mut cols = line.split('\t');
+        match (cols.next(), cols.next(), cols.next(), cols.next()) {
+            (Some(ctx), Some(src), Some(tr), None) if !src.is_empty() && !tr.is_empty() => {
+                entries.push((unescape(ctx), unescape(src), unescape(tr)));
+            }
+            _ => errors.push(format!("line {}: expected `context<TAB>source<TAB>translation`", n + 1)),
+        }
+    }
+    (entries, errors)
+}
+
+impl Catalog {
+    pub fn parse(text: &str) -> Catalog {
+        let mut c = Catalog::default();
+        for (ctx, src, tr) in parse_entries(text).0 {
+            match ctx.as_str() {
+                "" => {
+                    c.plain.insert(src, tr);
+                }
+                "@id" => {
+                    c.ids.insert(src, tr);
+                }
+                "@plural" => {
+                    c.plurals.insert(src, tr.split('|').map(str::to_string).collect());
+                }
+                _ => {
+                    c.contextual.insert(format!("{ctx}\u{1}{src}"), tr);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        c
+    }
+
+    pub fn plain(&self, s: &str) -> Option<&str> {
+        self.plain.get(s).map(String::as_str)
+    }
+
+    pub fn contextual(&self, ctx: &str, s: &str) -> Option<&str> {
+        self.contextual.get(&format!("{ctx}\u{1}{s}")).map(String::as_str)
+    }
+
+    pub fn id(&self, id: &str) -> Option<&str> {
+        self.ids.get(id).map(String::as_str)
+    }
+
+    /// The plural form `index` of the message whose English forms are `one|other`.
+    pub fn plural(&self, one: &str, other: &str, index: usize) -> Option<&str> {
+        let forms = self.plurals.get(&format!("{one}|{other}"))?;
+        forms.get(index.min(forms.len().saturating_sub(1))).map(String::as_str)
+    }
+}
+
+/// `{name}` placeholders of a template, in order of appearance.
+#[cfg(test)]
+pub fn placeholders(s: &str) -> Vec<&str> {
+    let mut out = Vec::new();
+    let mut rest = s;
+    while let Some(a) = rest.find('{') {
+        let after = &rest[a + 1..];
+        match after.find('}') {
+            Some(b) => {
+                out.push(&after[..b]);
+                rest = &after[b + 1..];
+            }
+            None => break,
+        }
+    }
+    out
+}
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/cs.tsv b/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/cs.tsv
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..28c35aac6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/cs.tsv
@@ -0,0 +1,571 @@
+# Czech (cs) catalog. Same format as zh-hant.tsv:  context <TAB> source <TAB> translation
+# (empty context = a plain UI string; `@id` = a command id; `@plural` = "one|few|other" forms).
+#
+# Clean-room: every entry is written from the meaning of VectorCraft's English label, following
+# common Czech desktop-software conventions (commands in the infinitive, menus as nouns); no other
+# application's Czech localisation was consulted or copied.
+#
+# Coverage: every menu label (tested: `czech_translates_every_menu_label`); panels and dialogs fall
+# back to English. Left in English on purpose (`CZECH_KEEP_AS_IS` in the tests): the product name,
+# language names, OpenType, the built-in workspace names and the bracketed perspective grid preset
+# names.
+	About VectorCraft	O aplikaci VectorCraft
+	Join Our Discord	Připojit se k našemu Discordu
+	Settings…	Nastavení…
+	Language	Jazyk
+	UI Brightness	Jas rozhraní
+	Dark	Tmavý
+	Medium Dark	Středně tmavý
+	Medium Light	Středně světlý
+	Light	Světlý
+	Quit VectorCraft	Ukončit VectorCraft
+	File	Soubor
+	New…	Nový…
+	New from Template…	Nový ze šablony…
+	Open…	Otevřít…
+	Open Recent Files	Otevřít nedávné soubory
+	Clear Recent Files	Vymazat seznam nedávných souborů
+	Show in Folder	Zobrazit ve složce
+	Close	Zavřít
+	Close All	Zavřít vše
+	Save	Uložit
+	Save As…	Uložit jako…
+	Save a Copy…	Uložit kopii…
+	Save as Template…	Uložit jako šablonu…
+	Save as PDF…	Uložit jako PDF…
+	Save for Office Documents…	Uložit pro kancelářské dokumenty…
+	Revert	Vrátit k uložené verzi
+	Place…	Umístit…
+	Export	Export
+	Export for Screens…	Exportovat pro obrazovky…
+	Export As…	Exportovat jako…
+	Export As SVG…	Exportovat jako SVG…
+	Export As PNG…	Exportovat jako PNG…
+	Save for Web (Legacy)…	Uložit pro web (starší)…
+	Export Selection…	Exportovat výběr…
+	Package…	Sbalit…
+	Scripts	Skripty
+	Other Script…	Jiný skript…
+	Document Setup…	Nastavení dokumentu…
+	Document Color Mode	Barevný režim dokumentu
+	CMYK Color	Barvy CMYK
+	RGB Color	Barvy RGB
+	File Info…	Informace o souboru…
+	Print…	Tisk…
+	Edit	Úpravy
+	Undo	Zpět
+	Redo	Znovu
+	Cut	Vyjmout
+	Copy	Kopírovat
+	Paste	Vložit
+	Paste in Front	Vložit dopředu
+	Paste in Back	Vložit dozadu
+	Paste in Place	Vložit na místo
+	Paste on All Artboards	Vložit na všechny pracovní plochy
+	Paste without Formatting	Vložit bez formátování
+	Clear	Smazat
+	Find and Replace…	Najít a nahradit…
+	Find Next	Najít další
+	Spelling	Pravopis
+	Auto Spell Check	Automatická kontrola pravopisu
+	Check Spelling…	Zkontrolovat pravopis…
+	Edit Custom Dictionary…	Upravit vlastní slovník…
+	Edit Colors	Upravit barvy
+	Recolor Artwork…	Přebarvit kresbu…
+	Recolor with Preset	Přebarvit podle přednastavení
+	1 Color Job…	Zakázka s 1 barvou…
+	2 Color Job…	Zakázka se 2 barvami…
+	3 Color Job…	Zakázka se 3 barvami…
+	Color Library…	Knihovna barev…
+	Adjust Color Balance…	Upravit vyvážení barev…
+	Blend Front to Back	Prolnout zepředu dozadu
+	Blend Horizontally	Prolnout vodorovně
+	Blend Vertically	Prolnout svisle
+	Convert to CMYK	Převést na CMYK
+	Convert to Grayscale	Převést na stupně šedi
+	Convert to RGB	Převést na RGB
+	Invert Colors	Invertovat barvy
+	Overprint Black…	Přetisknout černou…
+	Saturate…	Upravit sytost…
+	Edit Original	Upravit originál
+	Transparency Flattener Presets…	Přednastavení sloučení průhlednosti…
+	Print Presets…	Přednastavení tisku…
+	PDF Presets…	Přednastavení PDF…
+	Perspective Grid Presets…	Přednastavení perspektivní mřížky…
+	Color Settings…	Nastavení barev…
+	Assign Profile…	Přiřadit profil…
+	Keyboard Shortcuts…	Klávesové zkratky…
+	Preferences…	Předvolby…
+	Object	Objekt
+	Transform	Transformace
+	Transform Again	Transformovat znovu
+	Move…	Přesunout…
+	Rotate…	Otočit…
+	Reflect…	Zrcadlit…
+	Scale…	Změnit velikost…
+	Shear…	Zkosit…
+	Transform Each…	Transformovat jednotlivě…
+	Reset Bounding Box	Obnovit ohraničovací rámeček
+	Arrange	Uspořádat
+	Bring to Front	Přenést do popředí
+	Bring Forward	Přenést blíž
+	Send Backward	Přesunout dál
+	Send to Back	Přesunout do pozadí
+	Send to Current Layer	Přesunout do aktuální vrstvy
+	Align	Zarovnat
+	Horizontal Align Left	Vodorovně zarovnat doleva
+	Horizontal Align Center	Vodorovně zarovnat na střed
+	Horizontal Align Right	Vodorovně zarovnat doprava
+	Vertical Align Top	Svisle zarovnat nahoru
+	Vertical Align Center	Svisle zarovnat na střed
+	Vertical Align Bottom	Svisle zarovnat dolů
+	Group	Seskupit
+	Ungroup	Oddělit
+	Lock	Zamknout
+	Selection	Výběr
+	All Artwork Above	Veškerou kresbu výše
+	Other Layers	Ostatní vrstvy
+	Unlock All	Odemknout vše
+	Hide	Skrýt
+	Show All	Zobrazit vše
+	Expand…	Rozložit…
+	Expand Appearance	Rozložit vzhled
+	Crop Image	Oříznout obraz
+	Rasterize…	Rastrovat…
+	Create Gradient Mesh…	Vytvořit přechodovou síť…
+	Create Object Mosaic…	Vytvořit mozaiku objektů…
+	Vector Halftone…	Vektorový polotón…
+	Create Trim Marks	Vytvořit značky ořezu
+	Flatten Transparency…	Sloučit průhlednost…
+	Make Pixel Perfect	Zarovnat na obrazové body
+	Slice	Řez
+	Make	Vytvořit
+	Release	Uvolnit
+	Create from Guides	Vytvořit z vodítek
+	Create from Selection	Vytvořit z výběru
+	Duplicate Slice	Duplikovat řez
+	Combine Slices	Spojit řezy
+	Divide Slices…	Rozdělit řezy…
+	Delete All	Odstranit vše
+	Slice Options…	Možnosti řezu…
+	Clip to Artboard	Oříznout na pracovní plochu
+	Path	Cesta
+	Join	Spojit
+	Average…	Zprůměrovat…
+	Outline Stroke	Převést tah na obrys
+	Offset Path…	Posunout cestu…
+	Reverse Path Direction	Obrátit směr cesty
+	Simplify…	Zjednodušit…
+	Add Anchor Points	Přidat kotevní body
+	Remove Anchor Points	Odstranit kotevní body
+	Divide Objects Below	Rozdělit objekty pod
+	Split Into Grid…	Rozdělit do mřížky…
+	Clean Up…	Vyčistit…
+	Shape	Tvar
+	Convert to Shape	Převést na tvar
+	Expand Shape	Rozložit tvar
+	Pattern	Vzorek
+	Edit Pattern	Upravit vzorek
+	Tile Edge Color…	Barva okraje dlaždice…
+	Repeat	Opakování
+	Radial	Kruhové
+	Grid	Mřížkové
+	Mirror	Zrcadlové
+	Options…	Možnosti…
+	Blend	Prolnutí
+	Blend Options…	Možnosti prolnutí…
+	Expand	Rozložit
+	Replace Spine	Nahradit páteř
+	Reverse Spine	Obrátit páteř
+	Reverse Front to Back	Obrátit pořadí zepředu dozadu
+	Envelope Distort	Deformace obálkou
+	Make with Warp…	Vytvořit pokřivením…
+	Reset with Warp…	Obnovit pokřivením…
+	Make with Mesh…	Vytvořit sítí…
+	Reset with Mesh…	Obnovit sítí…
+	Make with Top Object	Vytvořit horním objektem
+	Envelope Options…	Možnosti obálky…
+	Edit Contents	Upravit obsah
+	Edit Envelope	Upravit obálku
+	Perspective	Perspektiva
+	Attach to Active Plane	Připojit k aktivní rovině
+	Release with Perspective	Uvolnit s perspektivou
+	Move Plane to Match Object	Posunout rovinu k objektu
+	Edit Text	Upravit text
+	Live Paint	Živá malba
+	Merge	Sloučit
+	Gap Options…	Možnosti mezer…
+	Image Trace	Vektorizace obrazu
+	Make…	Vytvořit…
+	Make and Expand…	Vytvořit a rozložit…
+	Text Wrap	Obtékání textu
+	Text Wrap Options…	Možnosti obtékání textu…
+	Clipping Mask	Ořezová maska
+	Edit Clipping Path	Upravit ořezovou cestu
+	Compound Path	Složená cesta
+	Artboards	Pracovní plochy
+	Convert to Artboards	Převést na pracovní plochy
+	Rearrange All Artboards…	Přeuspořádat všechny pracovní plochy…
+	Fit to Artwork Bounds	Přizpůsobit hranicím kresby
+	Fit to Selected Art	Přizpůsobit vybrané kresbě
+	Graph	Graf
+	Type…	Typ…
+	Data…	Údaje…
+	Design…	Návrh…
+	Column…	Sloupec…
+	Marker…	Značka…
+	Collect for Export	Shromáždit pro export
+	As Single Asset	Jako jeden prvek
+	As Multiple Assets	Jako více prvků
+	Plug-ins	Zásuvné moduly
+	No filter plug-ins installed	Nejsou nainstalovány žádné filtry
+	Install Plug-in…	Nainstalovat zásuvný modul…
+	Reload Plug-ins	Znovu načíst zásuvné moduly
+	Type	Text
+	Font	Písmo
+	Recent Fonts	Nedávná písma
+	Size	Velikost
+	Glyphs	Glyfy
+	Insert Special Character	Vložit speciální znak
+	Bullet	Odrážka
+	Copyright Symbol	Symbol copyrightu
+	Ellipsis	Výpustka
+	Paragraph Symbol	Symbol odstavce
+	Registered Trademark Symbol	Symbol registrované ochranné známky
+	Section Symbol	Symbol paragrafu
+	Trademark Symbol	Symbol ochranné známky
+	Em Dash	Dlouhá pomlčka
+	En Dash	Krátká pomlčka
+	Discretionary Hyphen	Volitelný spojovník
+	Nonbreaking Hyphen	Nezlomitelný spojovník
+	Double Left Quotation Marks	Levé dvojité uvozovky
+	Double Right Quotation Marks	Pravé dvojité uvozovky
+	Single Left Quotation Mark	Levá jednoduchá uvozovka
+	Single Right Quotation Mark	Pravá jednoduchá uvozovka
+	Insert Whitespace Character	Vložit znak mezery
+	Em Space	Čtverčíková mezera
+	En Space	Půlčtverčíková mezera
+	Hair Space	Vlasová mezera
+	Sixth Space	Šestinová mezera
+	Thin Space	Úzká mezera
+	Nonbreaking Space	Nezlomitelná mezera
+	Figure Space	Číslicová mezera
+	Punctuation Space	Interpunkční mezera
+	Third Space	Třetinová mezera
+	Quarter Space	Čtvrtinová mezera
+	Insert Break Character	Vložit znak zalomení
+	Forced Line Break	Vynucené zalomení řádku
+	Tab	Tabulátor
+	Convert To Area Type	Převést na text v oblasti
+	Convert To Point Type	Převést na bodový text
+	Area Type Options…	Možnosti textu v oblasti…
+	Type on a Path	Text na cestě
+	Rainbow	Duha
+	Skew	Zkosení
+	3D Ribbon	3D stuha
+	Stair Step	Schody
+	Gravity	Gravitace
+	Type on a Path Options…	Možnosti textu na cestě…
+	Threaded Text	Zřetězený text
+	Create	Vytvořit
+	Release Selection	Uvolnit výběr
+	Remove Threading	Odstranit zřetězení
+	Fit Headline	Přizpůsobit titulek
+	Find Font…	Najít písmo…
+	Change Case	Změnit velikost písmen
+	UPPERCASE	VELKÁ PÍSMENA
+	lowercase	malá písmena
+	Title Case	Velká Počáteční Písmena
+	Sentence case	Velké první písmeno věty
+	Smart Punctuation…	Inteligentní interpunkce…
+	Create Outlines	Převést na křivky
+	Optical Margin Alignment	Optické zarovnání okrajů
+	Fill with Placeholder Text	Vyplnit zástupným textem
+	Show Hidden Characters	Zobrazit skryté znaky
+	Hide Hidden Characters	Skrýt skryté znaky
+	Type Orientation	Orientace textu
+	Horizontal	Vodorovně
+	Vertical	Svisle
+	Select	Výběr
+	All	Vybrat vše
+	All on Active Artboard	Vše na aktivní pracovní ploše
+	Deselect	Zrušit výběr
+	Reselect	Znovu vybrat
+	Inverse	Invertovat výběr
+	Next Object Above	Další objekt nad
+	Next Object Below	Další objekt pod
+	Same	Stejné
+	Appearance	Vzhled
+	Appearance Attribute	Atribut vzhledu
+	Blending Mode	Režim míchání
+	Fill & Stroke	Výplň a tah
+	Fill Color	Barva výplně
+	Opacity	Krytí
+	Stroke Color	Barva tahu
+	Stroke Weight	Tloušťka tahu
+	Graphic Style	Grafický styl
+	Symbol Instance	Instance symbolu
+	Font Family	Rodina písma
+	Font Family & Style	Rodina a řez písma
+	Font Family, Style & Size	Rodina, řez a velikost písma
+	Font Size	Velikost písma
+	Text Fill Color	Barva výplně textu
+	Text Stroke Color	Barva tahu textu
+	All on Same Layers	Vše ve stejných vrstvách
+	Direction Handles	Směrové úchyty
+	Brush Strokes	Tahy štětcem
+	Bristle Brush Strokes	Tahy štětinovým štětcem
+	Clipping Masks	Ořezové masky
+	Slices	Řezy
+	Stray Points	Osamocené body
+	Open Paths	Otevřené cesty
+	All Text Objects	Všechny textové objekty
+	Point Text Objects	Bodové textové objekty
+	Area Text Objects	Textové objekty v oblasti
+	Start Global Edit	Zahájit globální úpravy
+	Save Selection…	Uložit výběr…
+	Edit Selection…	Upravit výběr…
+	Effect	Efekt
+	Apply Last Effect	Použít poslední efekt
+	Last Effect…	Poslední efekt…
+	Document Raster Effects Settings…	Nastavení rastrových efektů dokumentu…
+	Vector Effects	Vektorové efekty
+	3D and Materials	3D a materiály
+	Extrude & Bevel…	Vysunutí a zkosení…
+	Revolve…	Rotační těleso…
+	Inflate…	Nafouknutí…
+	Materials…	Materiály…
+	Color Adjustments	Úpravy barev
+	Brightness/Contrast…	Jas/kontrast…
+	Curves…	Křivky…
+	Hue/Saturation…	Odstín/sytost…
+	Levels…	Úrovně…
+	Shift to Color…	Posun k barvě…
+	Temperature/Tint…	Teplota/nádech…
+	Rectangle…	Obdélník…
+	Rounded Rectangle…	Zaoblený obdélník…
+	Ellipse…	Elipsa…
+	Crop Marks	Ořezové značky
+	Distort & Transform	Deformace a transformace
+	Free Distort…	Volná deformace…
+	Pucker & Bloat…	Smrštění a vyboulení…
+	Roughen…	Zdrsnění…
+	Transform…	Transformovat…
+	Tweak…	Náhodné posunutí…
+	Twist…	Zkroucení…
+	Zig Zag…	Cikcak…
+	Pathfinder	Operace s cestami
+	Add	Sjednotit
+	Intersect	Protnout
+	Exclude	Vyloučit
+	Subtract	Odečíst
+	Minus Back	Odečíst zadní
+	Divide	Rozdělit
+	Trim	Zastřihnout
+	Crop	Oříznout
+	Outline	Obrys
+	Stylize	Stylizace
+	Round Corners…	Zaoblit rohy…
+	Scribble…	Čmáranice…
+	Drop Shadow…	Vržený stín…
+	Inner Glow…	Vnitřní záře…
+	Outer Glow…	Vnější záře…
+	Feather…	Měkké okraje…
+	SVG Filters	Filtry SVG
+	Apply SVG Filter…	Použít filtr SVG…
+	Warp	Pokřivení
+	Arc…	Oblouk…
+	Arc Lower…	Dolní oblouk…
+	Arc Upper…	Horní oblouk…
+	Arch…	Klenba…
+	Bulge…	Vydutí…
+	Shell Lower…	Dolní mušle…
+	Shell Upper…	Horní mušle…
+	Flag…	Vlajka…
+	Wave…	Vlna…
+	Fish…	Ryba…
+	Rise…	Stoupání…
+	Fisheye…	Rybí oko…
+	Squeeze…	Stlačení…
+	Raster Effects	Rastrové efekty
+	Blur	Rozostření
+	Gaussian Blur…	Gaussovské rozostření…
+	View	Zobrazení
+	Preview	Náhled
+	Overprint Preview	Náhled přetisků
+	Pixel Preview	Náhled obrazových bodů
+	Trim View	Oříznuté zobrazení
+	Presentation Mode	Režim prezentace
+	Screen Mode	Režim obrazovky
+	Normal Screen Mode	Normální režim obrazovky
+	Full Screen Mode with Menu Bar	Celá obrazovka s pruhem nabídek
+	Full Screen Mode	Celá obrazovka
+	Proof Setup	Nastavení nátisku
+	Working CMYK	Pracovní CMYK
+	Legacy Macintosh RGB (Gamma 1.8)	Starší Macintosh RGB (gama 1,8)
+	Internet Standard RGB (sRGB)	Standardní internetové RGB (sRGB)
+	Monitor RGB	RGB monitoru
+	Color blindness – Protanopia-type	Barvoslepost – protanopie
+	Color blindness – Deuteranopia-type	Barvoslepost – deuteranopie
+	Customize…	Vlastní…
+	Proof Colors	Barvy nátisku
+	Zoom In	Zvětšit
+	Zoom Out	Zmenšit
+	Fit Artboard in Window	Přizpůsobit pracovní plochu oknu
+	Fit All in Window	Přizpůsobit vše oknu
+	Actual Size	Skutečná velikost
+	Reset Rotate View	Obnovit otočení zobrazení
+	Hide Edges	Skrýt okraje
+	Show Edges	Zobrazit okraje
+	Hide Artboards	Skrýt pracovní plochy
+	Show Artboards	Zobrazit pracovní plochy
+	Show Print Tiling	Zobrazit dlaždice tisku
+	Hide Print Tiling	Skrýt dlaždice tisku
+	Hide Slices	Skrýt řezy
+	Show Slices	Zobrazit řezy
+	Lock Slices	Zamknout řezy
+	Rulers	Pravítka
+	Show Rulers	Zobrazit pravítka
+	Hide Rulers	Skrýt pravítka
+	Change to Global Rulers	Přepnout na globální pravítka
+	Show Video Rulers	Zobrazit video pravítka
+	Hide Bounding Box	Skrýt ohraničovací rámeček
+	Show Bounding Box	Zobrazit ohraničovací rámeček
+	Show Transparency Grid	Zobrazit mřížku průhlednosti
+	Hide Transparency Grid	Skrýt mřížku průhlednosti
+	Hide Text Threads	Skrýt zřetězení textu
+	Show Text Threads	Zobrazit zřetězení textu
+	Hide Gradient Annotator	Skrýt ovladač přechodu
+	Show Gradient Annotator	Zobrazit ovladač přechodu
+	Hide Corner Widget	Skrýt ovladač rohů
+	Show Corner Widget	Zobrazit ovladač rohů
+	Guides	Vodítka
+	Hide Guides	Skrýt vodítka
+	Show Guides	Zobrazit vodítka
+	Lock Guides	Zamknout vodítka
+	Unlock Guides	Odemknout vodítka
+	Make Guides	Vytvořit vodítka
+	Release Guides	Uvolnit vodítka
+	Clear Guides	Vymazat vodítka
+	Smart Guides	Chytrá vodítka
+	Perspective Grid	Perspektivní mřížka
+	Show Grid	Zobrazit mřížku
+	Hide Grid	Skrýt mřížku
+	Snap to Grid	Přichytávat k mřížce
+	Lock Grid	Zamknout mřížku
+	Unlock Grid	Odemknout mřížku
+	Lock Station Point	Zamknout bod pozorovatele
+	Define Grid…	Definovat mřížku…
+	One Point Perspective	Jednobodová perspektiva
+	Two Point Perspective	Dvoubodová perspektiva
+	Three Point Perspective	Tříbodová perspektiva
+	Save Grid as Preset…	Uložit mřížku jako přednastavení…
+	Snap to Pixel	Přichytávat k obrazovým bodům
+	Snap to Point	Přichytávat k bodům
+	Snap to Glyph	Přichytávat ke glyfům
+	New View…	Nové zobrazení…
+	Edit Views…	Upravit zobrazení…
+	Saved View 1	Uložené zobrazení 1
+	Saved View 2	Uložené zobrazení 2
+	Saved View 3	Uložené zobrazení 3
+	Saved View 4	Uložené zobrazení 4
+	Saved View 5	Uložené zobrazení 5
+	Saved View 6	Uložené zobrazení 6
+	Saved View 7	Uložené zobrazení 7
+	Saved View 8	Uložené zobrazení 8
+	Saved View 9	Uložené zobrazení 9
+	Saved View 10	Uložené zobrazení 10
+	Window	Okno
+	New Window	Nové okno
+	Cascade	Do kaskády
+	Tile	Vedle sebe
+	Float in Window	Uvolnit do samostatného okna
+	Consolidate All Windows	Sloučit všechna okna
+	Workspace	Pracovní prostor
+	Reset Essentials	Obnovit Essentials
+	New Workspace…	Nový pracovní prostor…
+	Manage Workspaces…	Spravovat pracovní prostory…
+	Control	Ovládací panel
+	Contextual Task Bar	Kontextový panel úloh
+	Tools	Nástroje
+	Toolbars	Panely nástrojů
+	Advanced	Rozšířený
+	Single / Double Column	Jeden / dva sloupce
+	Actions	Akce
+	Asset Export	Export prvků
+	Attributes	Atributy
+	Brushes	Štětce
+	Color	Barva
+	Color Guide	Průvodce barvami
+	Color Themes	Barevné motivy
+	CSS Properties	Vlastnosti CSS
+	Document Info	Informace o dokumentu
+	Flattener Preview	Náhled sloučení
+	Gradient	Přechod
+	Graphic Styles	Grafické styly
+	History	Historie
+	Info	Informace
+	Layers	Vrstvy
+	Libraries	Knihovny
+	Links	Propojení
+	Magic Wand	Kouzelná hůlka
+	Navigator	Navigátor
+	Pattern Options	Možnosti vzorku
+	Properties	Vlastnosti
+	Separations Preview	Náhled separací
+	Stroke	Tah
+	SVG Interactivity	Interaktivita SVG
+	Swatches	Vzorník
+	Symbols	Symboly
+	Transparency	Průhlednost
+	Character	Znak
+	Character Styles	Styly znaků
+	Paragraph	Odstavec
+	Paragraph Styles	Styly odstavců
+	Tabs	Tabulátory
+	Variables	Proměnné
+	Brush Libraries	Knihovny štětců
+	Built-in Libraries	Vestavěné knihovny
+	User Defined	Uživatelské
+	Other Library…	Jiná knihovna…
+	Graphic Style Libraries	Knihovny grafických stylů
+	Shadows and Glows	Stíny a záře
+	Outlines and Rules	Obrysy a linky
+	Hand-Drawn	Ručně kreslené
+	Gradient Finishes	Přechodové povrchy
+	Shape Effects	Efekty tvarů
+	Blends and Transparency	Prolnutí a průhlednost
+	Save Graphic Style Library…	Uložit knihovnu grafických stylů…
+	Swatch Libraries	Knihovny vzorníků
+	Default Swatches	Výchozí vzorník
+	Web Safe 216	Webově bezpečné 216
+	Grays and Neutrals	Šedé a neutrální
+	Earth Tones	Zemité tóny
+	Skin Tone Ramps	Škály odstínů pleti
+	Pastels	Pastelové
+	Brights	Zářivé
+	Metallic Gradients	Kovové přechody
+	Perceptual Scales	Percepční škály
+	Harmony Sets	Harmonické sady
+	Gradients	Přechody
+	Spectrum Gradients	Spektrální přechody
+	Sky Gradients	Přechody oblohy
+	Neutral Gradients	Neutrální přechody
+	Duotone Gradients	Dvoutónové přechody
+	Radial Glows	Kruhové záře
+	Save Swatch Library…	Uložit knihovnu vzorníku…
+	Symbol Libraries	Knihovny symbolů
+	Help	Nápověda
+	ArtCraft Website	Web ArtCraft
+	VectorCraft on getartcraft.com	VectorCraft na getartcraft.com
+	VectorCraft on GitHub	VectorCraft na GitHubu
+	Search Commands…	Hledat příkazy…
+	VectorCraft Help…	Nápověda VectorCraft…
+	Automatic	Automaticky
+	Isolate Selected Group	Izolovat vybranou skupinu
+	Exit Isolation Mode	Ukončit izolovaný režim
+	Make Clipping Mask	Vytvořit ořezovou masku
+	Release Clipping Mask	Uvolnit ořezovou masku
+	Make Compound Path	Vytvořit složenou cestu
+	Release Compound Path	Uvolnit složenou cestu
+	Select All	Vybrat vše
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/czech.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/czech.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 897532b4f..000000000
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/czech.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,578 +0,0 @@
-//! Czech (Čeština) menu labels, in menu order.
-//!
-//! Clean-room: every entry is written from the meaning of VectorCraft's English label, following
-//! common Czech desktop-software conventions (commands in the infinitive, menus as nouns); no
-//! other application's Czech localisation was consulted or copied.
-//!
-//! Left in English on purpose (see `KEEP_AS_IS` in the tests): the product name, language names,
-//! OpenType, the built-in workspace names (names the workspace switcher and saved preferences
-//! show as-is) and the bracketed perspective grid preset names (preset names stored in documents).
-
-pub(super) const CZECH: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
-    // VectorCraft
-    ("About VectorCraft", "O aplikaci VectorCraft"),
-    ("Join Our Discord", "Připojit se k našemu Discordu"),
-    ("Settings…", "Nastavení…"),
-    ("Language", "Jazyk"),
-    ("UI Brightness", "Jas rozhraní"),
-    ("Dark", "Tmavý"),
-    ("Medium Dark", "Středně tmavý"),
-    ("Medium Light", "Středně světlý"),
-    ("Light", "Světlý"),
-    ("Quit VectorCraft", "Ukončit VectorCraft"),
-    // File
-    ("File", "Soubor"),
-    ("New…", "Nový…"),
-    ("New from Template…", "Nový ze šablony…"),
-    ("Open…", "Otevřít…"),
-    ("Open Recent Files", "Otevřít nedávné soubory"),
-    ("Recent File", "Nedávný soubor"),
-    ("Clear Recent Files", "Vymazat seznam nedávných souborů"),
-    ("Show in Folder", "Zobrazit ve složce"),
-    ("Close", "Zavřít"),
-    ("Close All", "Zavřít vše"),
-    ("Save", "Uložit"),
-    ("Save As…", "Uložit jako…"),
-    ("Save a Copy…", "Uložit kopii…"),
-    ("Save as Template…", "Uložit jako šablonu…"),
-    ("Save as PDF…", "Uložit jako PDF…"),
-    ("Save for Office Documents…", "Uložit pro kancelářské dokumenty…"),
-    ("Revert", "Vrátit k uložené verzi"),
-    ("Place…", "Umístit…"),
-    ("Export", "Export"),
-    ("Export for Screens…", "Exportovat pro obrazovky…"),
-    ("Export As…", "Exportovat jako…"),
-    ("Export As SVG…", "Exportovat jako SVG…"),
-    ("Export As PNG…", "Exportovat jako PNG…"),
-    ("Save for Web (Legacy)…", "Uložit pro web (starší)…"),
-    ("Export Selection…", "Exportovat výběr…"),
-    ("Package…", "Sbalit…"),
-    ("Scripts", "Skripty"),
-    ("Other Script…", "Jiný skript…"),
-    ("Document Setup…", "Nastavení dokumentu…"),
-    ("Document Color Mode", "Barevný režim dokumentu"),
-    ("CMYK Color", "Barvy CMYK"),
-    ("RGB Color", "Barvy RGB"),
-    ("File Info…", "Informace o souboru…"),
-    ("Print…", "Tisk…"),
-    // Edit
-    ("Edit", "Úpravy"),
-    ("Undo", "Zpět"),
-    ("Redo", "Znovu"),
-    ("Cut", "Vyjmout"),
-    ("Copy", "Kopírovat"),
-    ("Paste", "Vložit"),
-    ("Paste in Front", "Vložit dopředu"),
-    ("Paste in Back", "Vložit dozadu"),
-    ("Paste in Place", "Vložit na místo"),
-    ("Paste on All Artboards", "Vložit na všechny pracovní plochy"),
-    ("Paste without Formatting", "Vložit bez formátování"),
-    ("Clear", "Smazat"),
-    ("Find and Replace…", "Najít a nahradit…"),
-    ("Find Next", "Najít další"),
-    ("Spelling", "Pravopis"),
-    ("Auto Spell Check", "Automatická kontrola pravopisu"),
-    ("Check Spelling…", "Zkontrolovat pravopis…"),
-    ("Edit Custom Dictionary…", "Upravit vlastní slovník…"),
-    ("Edit Colors", "Upravit barvy"),
-    ("Recolor Artwork…", "Přebarvit kresbu…"),
-    ("Recolor with Preset", "Přebarvit podle přednastavení"),
-    ("1 Color Job…", "Zakázka s 1 barvou…"),
-    ("2 Color Job…", "Zakázka se 2 barvami…"),
-    ("3 Color Job…", "Zakázka se 3 barvami…"),
-    ("Color Library…", "Knihovna barev…"),
-    ("Adjust Color Balance…", "Upravit vyvážení barev…"),
-    ("Blend Front to Back", "Prolnout zepředu dozadu"),
-    ("Blend Horizontally", "Prolnout vodorovně"),
-    ("Blend Vertically", "Prolnout svisle"),
-    ("Convert to CMYK", "Převést na CMYK"),
-    ("Convert to Grayscale", "Převést na stupně šedi"),
-    ("Convert to RGB", "Převést na RGB"),
-    ("Invert Colors", "Invertovat barvy"),
-    ("Overprint Black…", "Přetisknout černou…"),
-    ("Saturate…", "Upravit sytost…"),
-    ("Edit Original", "Upravit originál"),
-    ("Transparency Flattener Presets…", "Přednastavení sloučení průhlednosti…"),
-    ("Print Presets…", "Přednastavení tisku…"),
-    ("PDF Presets…", "Přednastavení PDF…"),
-    ("Perspective Grid Presets…", "Přednastavení perspektivní mřížky…"),
-    ("Color Settings…", "Nastavení barev…"),
-    ("Assign Profile…", "Přiřadit profil…"),
-    ("Keyboard Shortcuts…", "Klávesové zkratky…"),
-    ("Preferences…", "Předvolby…"),
-    // Object
-    ("Object", "Objekt"),
-    ("Transform", "Transformace"),
-    ("Transform Again", "Transformovat znovu"),
-    ("Move…", "Přesunout…"),
-    ("Rotate…", "Otočit…"),
-    ("Reflect…", "Zrcadlit…"),
-    ("Scale…", "Změnit velikost…"),
-    ("Shear…", "Zkosit…"),
-    ("Transform Each…", "Transformovat jednotlivě…"),
-    ("Reset Bounding Box", "Obnovit ohraničovací rámeček"),
-    ("Arrange", "Uspořádat"),
-    ("Bring to Front", "Přenést do popředí"),
-    ("Bring Forward", "Přenést blíž"),
-    ("Send Backward", "Přesunout dál"),
-    ("Send to Back", "Přesunout do pozadí"),
-    ("Send to Current Layer", "Přesunout do aktuální vrstvy"),
-    ("Align", "Zarovnat"),
-    ("Horizontal Align Left", "Vodorovně zarovnat doleva"),
-    ("Horizontal Align Center", "Vodorovně zarovnat na střed"),
-    ("Horizontal Align Right", "Vodorovně zarovnat doprava"),
-    ("Vertical Align Top", "Svisle zarovnat nahoru"),
-    ("Vertical Align Center", "Svisle zarovnat na střed"),
-    ("Vertical Align Bottom", "Svisle zarovnat dolů"),
-    ("Group", "Seskupit"),
-    ("Ungroup", "Oddělit"),
-    ("Lock", "Zamknout"),
-    ("Selection", "Výběr"),
-    ("All Artwork Above", "Veškerou kresbu výše"),
-    ("Other Layers", "Ostatní vrstvy"),
-    ("Unlock All", "Odemknout vše"),
-    ("Hide", "Skrýt"),
-    ("Show All", "Zobrazit vše"),
-    ("Expand…", "Rozložit…"),
-    ("Expand Appearance", "Rozložit vzhled"),
-    ("Crop Image", "Oříznout obraz"),
-    ("Rasterize…", "Rastrovat…"),
-    ("Create Gradient Mesh…", "Vytvořit přechodovou síť…"),
-    ("Create Object Mosaic…", "Vytvořit mozaiku objektů…"),
-    ("Vector Halftone…", "Vektorový polotón…"),
-    ("Create Trim Marks", "Vytvořit značky ořezu"),
-    ("Flatten Transparency…", "Sloučit průhlednost…"),
-    ("Make Pixel Perfect", "Zarovnat na obrazové body"),
-    ("Slice", "Řez"),
-    ("Make", "Vytvořit"),
-    ("Release", "Uvolnit"),
-    ("Create from Guides", "Vytvořit z vodítek"),
-    ("Create from Selection", "Vytvořit z výběru"),
-    ("Duplicate Slice", "Duplikovat řez"),
-    ("Combine Slices", "Spojit řezy"),
-    ("Divide Slices…", "Rozdělit řezy…"),
-    ("Delete All", "Odstranit vše"),
-    ("Slice Options…", "Možnosti řezu…"),
-    ("Clip to Artboard", "Oříznout na pracovní plochu"),
-    ("Path", "Cesta"),
-    ("Join", "Spojit"),
-    ("Average…", "Zprůměrovat…"),
-    ("Outline Stroke", "Převést tah na obrys"),
-    ("Offset Path…", "Posunout cestu…"),
-    ("Reverse Path Direction", "Obrátit směr cesty"),
-    ("Simplify…", "Zjednodušit…"),
-    ("Add Anchor Points", "Přidat kotevní body"),
-    ("Remove Anchor Points", "Odstranit kotevní body"),
-    ("Divide Objects Below", "Rozdělit objekty pod"),
-    ("Split Into Grid…", "Rozdělit do mřížky…"),
-    ("Clean Up…", "Vyčistit…"),
-    ("Shape", "Tvar"),
-    ("Convert to Shape", "Převést na tvar"),
-    ("Expand Shape", "Rozložit tvar"),
-    ("Pattern", "Vzorek"),
-    ("Edit Pattern", "Upravit vzorek"),
-    ("Tile Edge Color…", "Barva okraje dlaždice…"),
-    ("Repeat", "Opakování"),
-    ("Radial", "Kruhové"),
-    ("Grid", "Mřížkové"),
-    ("Mirror", "Zrcadlové"),
-    ("Options…", "Možnosti…"),
-    ("Blend", "Prolnutí"),
-    ("Blend Options…", "Možnosti prolnutí…"),
-    ("Expand", "Rozložit"),
-    ("Replace Spine", "Nahradit páteř"),
-    ("Reverse Spine", "Obrátit páteř"),
-    ("Reverse Front to Back", "Obrátit pořadí zepředu dozadu"),
-    ("Envelope Distort", "Deformace obálkou"),
-    ("Make with Warp…", "Vytvořit pokřivením…"),
-    ("Reset with Warp…", "Obnovit pokřivením…"),
-    ("Make with Mesh…", "Vytvořit sítí…"),
-    ("Reset with Mesh…", "Obnovit sítí…"),
-    ("Make with Top Object", "Vytvořit horním objektem"),
-    ("Envelope Options…", "Možnosti obálky…"),
-    ("Edit Contents", "Upravit obsah"),
-    ("Edit Envelope", "Upravit obálku"),
-    ("Perspective", "Perspektiva"),
-    ("Attach to Active Plane", "Připojit k aktivní rovině"),
-    ("Release with Perspective", "Uvolnit s perspektivou"),
-    ("Move Plane to Match Object", "Posunout rovinu k objektu"),
-    ("Edit Text", "Upravit text"),
-    ("Live Paint", "Živá malba"),
-    ("Merge", "Sloučit"),
-    ("Gap Options…", "Možnosti mezer…"),
-    ("Image Trace", "Vektorizace obrazu"),
-    ("Make…", "Vytvořit…"),
-    ("Make and Expand…", "Vytvořit a rozložit…"),
-    ("Text Wrap", "Obtékání textu"),
-    ("Text Wrap Options…", "Možnosti obtékání textu…"),
-    ("Clipping Mask", "Ořezová maska"),
-    ("Edit Clipping Path", "Upravit ořezovou cestu"),
-    ("Compound Path", "Složená cesta"),
-    ("Artboards", "Pracovní plochy"),
-    ("Convert to Artboards", "Převést na pracovní plochy"),
-    ("Rearrange All Artboards…", "Přeuspořádat všechny pracovní plochy…"),
-    ("Fit to Artwork Bounds", "Přizpůsobit hranicím kresby"),
-    ("Fit to Selected Art", "Přizpůsobit vybrané kresbě"),
-    ("Graph", "Graf"),
-    ("Type…", "Typ…"),
-    ("Data…", "Údaje…"),
-    ("Design…", "Návrh…"),
-    ("Column…", "Sloupec…"),
-    ("Marker…", "Značka…"),
-    ("Collect for Export", "Shromáždit pro export"),
-    ("As Single Asset", "Jako jeden prvek"),
-    ("As Multiple Assets", "Jako více prvků"),
-    ("Plug-ins", "Zásuvné moduly"),
-    ("No filter plug-ins installed", "Nejsou nainstalovány žádné filtry"),
-    ("Install Plug-in…", "Nainstalovat zásuvný modul…"),
-    ("Reload Plug-ins", "Znovu načíst zásuvné moduly"),
-    // Type
-    ("Type", "Text"),
-    ("Font", "Písmo"),
-    ("Recent Fonts", "Nedávná písma"),
-    ("Recent Font", "Nedávné písmo"),
-    ("Size", "Velikost"),
-    ("Glyphs", "Glyfy"),
-    ("Insert Special Character", "Vložit speciální znak"),
-    ("Bullet", "Odrážka"),
-    ("Copyright Symbol", "Symbol copyrightu"),
-    ("Ellipsis", "Výpustka"),
-    ("Paragraph Symbol", "Symbol odstavce"),
-    ("Registered Trademark Symbol", "Symbol registrované ochranné známky"),
-    ("Section Symbol", "Symbol paragrafu"),
-    ("Trademark Symbol", "Symbol ochranné známky"),
-    ("Em Dash", "Dlouhá pomlčka"),
-    ("En Dash", "Krátká pomlčka"),
-    ("Discretionary Hyphen", "Volitelný spojovník"),
-    ("Nonbreaking Hyphen", "Nezlomitelný spojovník"),
-    ("Double Left Quotation Marks", "Levé dvojité uvozovky"),
-    ("Double Right Quotation Marks", "Pravé dvojité uvozovky"),
-    ("Single Left Quotation Mark", "Levá jednoduchá uvozovka"),
-    ("Single Right Quotation Mark", "Pravá jednoduchá uvozovka"),
-    ("Insert Whitespace Character", "Vložit znak mezery"),
-    ("Em Space", "Čtverčíková mezera"),
-    ("En Space", "Půlčtverčíková mezera"),
-    ("Hair Space", "Vlasová mezera"),
-    ("Sixth Space", "Šestinová mezera"),
-    ("Thin Space", "Úzká mezera"),
-    ("Nonbreaking Space", "Nezlomitelná mezera"),
-    ("Figure Space", "Číslicová mezera"),
-    ("Punctuation Space", "Interpunkční mezera"),
-    ("Third Space", "Třetinová mezera"),
-    ("Quarter Space", "Čtvrtinová mezera"),
-    ("Insert Break Character", "Vložit znak zalomení"),
-    ("Forced Line Break", "Vynucené zalomení řádku"),
-    ("Tab", "Tabulátor"),
-    ("Convert To Area Type", "Převést na text v oblasti"),
-    ("Convert To Point Type", "Převést na bodový text"),
-    ("Area Type Options…", "Možnosti textu v oblasti…"),
-    ("Type on a Path", "Text na cestě"),
-    ("Rainbow", "Duha"),
-    ("Skew", "Zkosení"),
-    ("3D Ribbon", "3D stuha"),
-    ("Stair Step", "Schody"),
-    ("Gravity", "Gravitace"),
-    ("Type on a Path Options…", "Možnosti textu na cestě…"),
-    ("Threaded Text", "Zřetězený text"),
-    ("Create", "Vytvořit"),
-    ("Release Selection", "Uvolnit výběr"),
-    ("Remove Threading", "Odstranit zřetězení"),
-    ("Fit Headline", "Přizpůsobit titulek"),
-    ("Find Font…", "Najít písmo…"),
-    ("Change Case", "Změnit velikost písmen"),
-    ("UPPERCASE", "VELKÁ PÍSMENA"),
-    ("lowercase", "malá písmena"),
-    ("Title Case", "Velká Počáteční Písmena"),
-    ("Sentence case", "Velké první písmeno věty"),
-    ("Smart Punctuation…", "Inteligentní interpunkce…"),
-    ("Create Outlines", "Převést na křivky"),
-    ("Optical Margin Alignment", "Optické zarovnání okrajů"),
-    ("Fill with Placeholder Text", "Vyplnit zástupným textem"),
-    ("Show Hidden Characters", "Zobrazit skryté znaky"),
-    ("Hide Hidden Characters", "Skrýt skryté znaky"),
-    ("Type Orientation", "Orientace textu"),
-    ("Horizontal", "Vodorovně"),
-    ("Vertical", "Svisle"),
-    // Select
-    ("Select", "Výběr"),
-    ("All", "Vybrat vše"),
-    ("All on Active Artboard", "Vše na aktivní pracovní ploše"),
-    ("Deselect", "Zrušit výběr"),
-    ("Reselect", "Znovu vybrat"),
-    ("Inverse", "Invertovat výběr"),
-    ("Next Object Above", "Další objekt nad"),
-    ("Next Object Below", "Další objekt pod"),
-    ("Same", "Stejné"),
-    ("Appearance", "Vzhled"),
-    ("Appearance Attribute", "Atribut vzhledu"),
-    ("Blending Mode", "Režim míchání"),
-    ("Fill & Stroke", "Výplň a tah"),
-    ("Fill Color", "Barva výplně"),
-    ("Opacity", "Krytí"),
-    ("Stroke Color", "Barva tahu"),
-    ("Stroke Weight", "Tloušťka tahu"),
-    ("Graphic Style", "Grafický styl"),
-    ("Symbol Instance", "Instance symbolu"),
-    ("Font Family", "Rodina písma"),
-    ("Font Family & Style", "Rodina a řez písma"),
-    ("Font Family, Style & Size", "Rodina, řez a velikost písma"),
-    ("Font Size", "Velikost písma"),
-    ("Text Fill Color", "Barva výplně textu"),
-    ("Text Stroke Color", "Barva tahu textu"),
-    ("All on Same Layers", "Vše ve stejných vrstvách"),
-    ("Direction Handles", "Směrové úchyty"),
-    ("Brush Strokes", "Tahy štětcem"),
-    ("Bristle Brush Strokes", "Tahy štětinovým štětcem"),
-    ("Clipping Masks", "Ořezové masky"),
-    ("Slices", "Řezy"),
-    ("Stray Points", "Osamocené body"),
-    ("Open Paths", "Otevřené cesty"),
-    ("All Text Objects", "Všechny textové objekty"),
-    ("Point Text Objects", "Bodové textové objekty"),
-    ("Area Text Objects", "Textové objekty v oblasti"),
-    ("Start Global Edit", "Zahájit globální úpravy"),
-    ("Save Selection…", "Uložit výběr…"),
-    ("Edit Selection…", "Upravit výběr…"),
-    // Effect
-    ("Effect", "Efekt"),
-    ("Apply Last Effect", "Použít poslední efekt"),
-    ("Last Effect…", "Poslední efekt…"),
-    ("Document Raster Effects Settings…", "Nastavení rastrových efektů dokumentu…"),
-    ("Vector Effects", "Vektorové efekty"),
-    ("3D and Materials", "3D a materiály"),
-    ("Extrude & Bevel…", "Vysunutí a zkosení…"),
-    ("Revolve…", "Rotační těleso…"),
-    ("Inflate…", "Nafouknutí…"),
-    ("Materials…", "Materiály…"),
-    ("Color Adjustments", "Úpravy barev"),
-    ("Brightness/Contrast…", "Jas/kontrast…"),
-    ("Curves…", "Křivky…"),
-    ("Hue/Saturation…", "Odstín/sytost…"),
-    ("Levels…", "Úrovně…"),
-    ("Shift to Color…", "Posun k barvě…"),
-    ("Temperature/Tint…", "Teplota/nádech…"),
-    ("Rectangle…", "Obdélník…"),
-    ("Rounded Rectangle…", "Zaoblený obdélník…"),
-    ("Ellipse…", "Elipsa…"),
-    ("Crop Marks", "Ořezové značky"),
-    ("Distort & Transform", "Deformace a transformace"),
-    ("Free Distort…", "Volná deformace…"),
-    ("Pucker & Bloat…", "Smrštění a vyboulení…"),
-    ("Roughen…", "Zdrsnění…"),
-    ("Transform…", "Transformovat…"),
-    ("Tweak…", "Náhodné posunutí…"),
-    ("Twist…", "Zkroucení…"),
-    ("Zig Zag…", "Cikcak…"),
-    ("Pathfinder", "Operace s cestami"),
-    ("Add", "Sjednotit"),
-    ("Intersect", "Protnout"),
-    ("Exclude", "Vyloučit"),
-    ("Subtract", "Odečíst"),
-    ("Minus Back", "Odečíst zadní"),
-    ("Divide", "Rozdělit"),
-    ("Trim", "Zastřihnout"),
-    ("Crop", "Oříznout"),
-    ("Outline", "Obrys"),
-    ("Stylize", "Stylizace"),
-    ("Round Corners…", "Zaoblit rohy…"),
-    ("Scribble…", "Čmáranice…"),
-    ("Drop Shadow…", "Vržený stín…"),
-    ("Inner Glow…", "Vnitřní záře…"),
-    ("Outer Glow…", "Vnější záře…"),
-    ("Feather…", "Měkké okraje…"),
-    ("SVG Filters", "Filtry SVG"),
-    ("Apply SVG Filter…", "Použít filtr SVG…"),
-    ("Warp", "Pokřivení"),
-    ("Arc…", "Oblouk…"),
-    ("Arc Lower…", "Dolní oblouk…"),
-    ("Arc Upper…", "Horní oblouk…"),
-    ("Arch…", "Klenba…"),
-    ("Bulge…", "Vydutí…"),
-    ("Shell Lower…", "Dolní mušle…"),
-    ("Shell Upper…", "Horní mušle…"),
-    ("Flag…", "Vlajka…"),
-    ("Wave…", "Vlna…"),
-    ("Fish…", "Ryba…"),
-    ("Rise…", "Stoupání…"),
-    ("Fisheye…", "Rybí oko…"),
-    ("Squeeze…", "Stlačení…"),
-    ("Raster Effects", "Rastrové efekty"),
-    ("Blur", "Rozostření"),
-    ("Gaussian Blur…", "Gaussovské rozostření…"),
-    // View
-    ("View", "Zobrazení"),
-    ("Preview", "Náhled"),
-    ("Overprint Preview", "Náhled přetisků"),
-    ("Pixel Preview", "Náhled obrazových bodů"),
-    ("Trim View", "Oříznuté zobrazení"),
-    ("Presentation Mode", "Režim prezentace"),
-    ("Screen Mode", "Režim obrazovky"),
-    ("Normal Screen Mode", "Normální režim obrazovky"),
-    ("Full Screen Mode with Menu Bar", "Celá obrazovka s pruhem nabídek"),
-    ("Full Screen Mode", "Celá obrazovka"),
-    ("Proof Setup", "Nastavení nátisku"),
-    ("Working CMYK", "Pracovní CMYK"),
-    ("Legacy Macintosh RGB (Gamma 1.8)", "Starší Macintosh RGB (gama 1,8)"),
-    ("Internet Standard RGB (sRGB)", "Standardní internetové RGB (sRGB)"),
-    ("Monitor RGB", "RGB monitoru"),
-    ("Color blindness – Protanopia-type", "Barvoslepost – protanopie"),
-    ("Color blindness – Deuteranopia-type", "Barvoslepost – deuteranopie"),
-    ("Customize…", "Vlastní…"),
-    ("Proof Colors", "Barvy nátisku"),
-    ("Zoom In", "Zvětšit"),
-    ("Zoom Out", "Zmenšit"),
-    ("Fit Artboard in Window", "Přizpůsobit pracovní plochu oknu"),
-    ("Fit All in Window", "Přizpůsobit vše oknu"),
-    ("Actual Size", "Skutečná velikost"),
-    ("Reset Rotate View", "Obnovit otočení zobrazení"),
-    ("Hide Edges", "Skrýt okraje"),
-    ("Show Edges", "Zobrazit okraje"),
-    ("Hide Artboards", "Skrýt pracovní plochy"),
-    ("Show Artboards", "Zobrazit pracovní plochy"),
-    ("Show Print Tiling", "Zobrazit dlaždice tisku"),
-    ("Hide Print Tiling", "Skrýt dlaždice tisku"),
-    ("Hide Slices", "Skrýt řezy"),
-    ("Show Slices", "Zobrazit řezy"),
-    ("Lock Slices", "Zamknout řezy"),
-    ("Rulers", "Pravítka"),
-    ("Show Rulers", "Zobrazit pravítka"),
-    ("Hide Rulers", "Skrýt pravítka"),
-    ("Change to Global Rulers", "Přepnout na globální pravítka"),
-    ("Show Video Rulers", "Zobrazit video pravítka"),
-    ("Hide Bounding Box", "Skrýt ohraničovací rámeček"),
-    ("Show Bounding Box", "Zobrazit ohraničovací rámeček"),
-    ("Show Transparency Grid", "Zobrazit mřížku průhlednosti"),
-    ("Hide Transparency Grid", "Skrýt mřížku průhlednosti"),
-    ("Hide Text Threads", "Skrýt zřetězení textu"),
-    ("Show Text Threads", "Zobrazit zřetězení textu"),
-    ("Hide Gradient Annotator", "Skrýt ovladač přechodu"),
-    ("Show Gradient Annotator", "Zobrazit ovladač přechodu"),
-    ("Hide Corner Widget", "Skrýt ovladač rohů"),
-    ("Show Corner Widget", "Zobrazit ovladač rohů"),
-    ("Guides", "Vodítka"),
-    ("Hide Guides", "Skrýt vodítka"),
-    ("Show Guides", "Zobrazit vodítka"),
-    ("Lock Guides", "Zamknout vodítka"),
-    ("Unlock Guides", "Odemknout vodítka"),
-    ("Make Guides", "Vytvořit vodítka"),
-    ("Release Guides", "Uvolnit vodítka"),
-    ("Clear Guides", "Vymazat vodítka"),
-    ("Smart Guides", "Chytrá vodítka"),
-    ("Perspective Grid", "Perspektivní mřížka"),
-    ("Show Grid", "Zobrazit mřížku"),
-    ("Hide Grid", "Skrýt mřížku"),
-    ("Snap to Grid", "Přichytávat k mřížce"),
-    ("Lock Grid", "Zamknout mřížku"),
-    ("Unlock Grid", "Odemknout mřížku"),
-    ("Lock Station Point", "Zamknout bod pozorovatele"),
-    ("Define Grid…", "Definovat mřížku…"),
-    ("One Point Perspective", "Jednobodová perspektiva"),
-    ("User Preset", "Uživatelské přednastavení"),
-    ("Two Point Perspective", "Dvoubodová perspektiva"),
-    ("Three Point Perspective", "Tříbodová perspektiva"),
-    ("Save Grid as Preset…", "Uložit mřížku jako přednastavení…"),
-    ("Snap to Pixel", "Přichytávat k obrazovým bodům"),
-    ("Snap to Point", "Přichytávat k bodům"),
-    ("Snap to Glyph", "Přichytávat ke glyfům"),
-    ("New View…", "Nové zobrazení…"),
-    ("Edit Views…", "Upravit zobrazení…"),
-    ("Saved View 1", "Uložené zobrazení 1"),
-    ("Saved View 2", "Uložené zobrazení 2"),
-    ("Saved View 3", "Uložené zobrazení 3"),
-    ("Saved View 4", "Uložené zobrazení 4"),
-    ("Saved View 5", "Uložené zobrazení 5"),
-    ("Saved View 6", "Uložené zobrazení 6"),
-    ("Saved View 7", "Uložené zobrazení 7"),
-    ("Saved View 8", "Uložené zobrazení 8"),
-    ("Saved View 9", "Uložené zobrazení 9"),
-    ("Saved View 10", "Uložené zobrazení 10"),
-    // Window
-    ("Window", "Okno"),
-    ("New Window", "Nové okno"),
-    ("Cascade", "Do kaskády"),
-    ("Tile", "Vedle sebe"),
-    ("Float in Window", "Uvolnit do samostatného okna"),
-    ("Consolidate All Windows", "Sloučit všechna okna"),
-    ("Workspace", "Pracovní prostor"),
-    ("Reset Essentials", "Obnovit Essentials"),
-    ("New Workspace…", "Nový pracovní prostor…"),
-    ("Manage Workspaces…", "Spravovat pracovní prostory…"),
-    ("Control", "Ovládací panel"),
-    ("Contextual Task Bar", "Kontextový panel úloh"),
-    ("Tools", "Nástroje"),
-    ("Toolbars", "Panely nástrojů"),
-    ("Advanced", "Rozšířený"),
-    ("Single / Double Column", "Jeden / dva sloupce"),
-    ("Actions", "Akce"),
-    ("Asset Export", "Export prvků"),
-    ("Attributes", "Atributy"),
-    ("Brushes", "Štětce"),
-    ("Color", "Barva"),
-    ("Color Guide", "Průvodce barvami"),
-    ("Color Themes", "Barevné motivy"),
-    ("CSS Properties", "Vlastnosti CSS"),
-    ("Document Info", "Informace o dokumentu"),
-    ("Flattener Preview", "Náhled sloučení"),
-    ("Gradient", "Přechod"),
-    ("Graphic Styles", "Grafické styly"),
-    ("History", "Historie"),
-    ("Info", "Informace"),
-    ("Layers", "Vrstvy"),
-    ("Libraries", "Knihovny"),
-    ("Links", "Propojení"),
-    ("Magic Wand", "Kouzelná hůlka"),
-    ("Navigator", "Navigátor"),
-    ("Pattern Options", "Možnosti vzorku"),
-    ("Properties", "Vlastnosti"),
-    ("Separations Preview", "Náhled separací"),
-    ("Stroke", "Tah"),
-    ("SVG Interactivity", "Interaktivita SVG"),
-    ("Swatches", "Vzorník"),
-    ("Symbols", "Symboly"),
-    ("Transparency", "Průhlednost"),
-    ("Character", "Znak"),
-    ("Character Styles", "Styly znaků"),
-    ("Paragraph", "Odstavec"),
-    ("Paragraph Styles", "Styly odstavců"),
-    ("Tabs", "Tabulátory"),
-    ("Variables", "Proměnné"),
-    ("Brush Libraries", "Knihovny štětců"),
-    ("Built-in Libraries", "Vestavěné knihovny"),
-    ("User Defined", "Uživatelské"),
-    ("Other Library…", "Jiná knihovna…"),
-    ("Graphic Style Libraries", "Knihovny grafických stylů"),
-    ("Shadows and Glows", "Stíny a záře"),
-    ("Outlines and Rules", "Obrysy a linky"),
-    ("Hand-Drawn", "Ručně kreslené"),
-    ("Gradient Finishes", "Přechodové povrchy"),
-    ("Shape Effects", "Efekty tvarů"),
-    ("Blends and Transparency", "Prolnutí a průhlednost"),
-    ("User Library", "Uživatelská knihovna"),
-    ("Save Graphic Style Library…", "Uložit knihovnu grafických stylů…"),
-    ("Swatch Libraries", "Knihovny vzorníků"),
-    ("Default Swatches", "Výchozí vzorník"),
-    ("Web Safe 216", "Webově bezpečné 216"),
-    ("Grays and Neutrals", "Šedé a neutrální"),
-    ("Earth Tones", "Zemité tóny"),
-    ("Skin Tone Ramps", "Škály odstínů pleti"),
-    ("Pastels", "Pastelové"),
-    ("Brights", "Zářivé"),
-    ("Metallic Gradients", "Kovové přechody"),
-    ("Perceptual Scales", "Percepční škály"),
-    ("Harmony Sets", "Harmonické sady"),
-    ("Gradients", "Přechody"),
-    ("Spectrum Gradients", "Spektrální přechody"),
-    ("Sky Gradients", "Přechody oblohy"),
-    ("Neutral Gradients", "Neutrální přechody"),
-    ("Duotone Gradients", "Dvoutónové přechody"),
-    ("Radial Glows", "Kruhové záře"),
-    ("Save Swatch Library…", "Uložit knihovnu vzorníku…"),
-    ("Symbol Libraries", "Knihovny symbolů"),
-    // Help
-    ("Help", "Nápověda"),
-    ("ArtCraft Website", "Web ArtCraft"),
-    ("VectorCraft on getartcraft.com", "VectorCraft na getartcraft.com"),
-    ("VectorCraft on GitHub", "VectorCraft na GitHubu"),
-    ("Search Commands…", "Hledat příkazy…"),
-    ("VectorCraft Help…", "Nápověda VectorCraft…"),
-];
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/ja.tsv b/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/ja.tsv
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..86fae124b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/ja.tsv
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# Japanese (ja) catalog. Same format as zh-hant.tsv:  context <TAB> source <TAB> translation
+# (empty context = a plain UI string; `@id` = a command id; `@plural` = "one|other" forms).
+#
+# Coverage: the main menus. Untranslated text falls back to English, so rows can be added one at a
+# time; set `complete_menus` in i18n/mod.rs once every menu string and `tl!` literal has a row.
+# Every row's source must be a string the UI shows (menu label or `tl!` literal): tested.
+	Copy	コピー
+	Color	カラー
+	Cut	切り取り
+	Deselect	選択を解除
+	Edit	編集
+	Effect	効果
+	Export	書き出し
+	Export As…	形式を指定して書き出し…
+	File	ファイル
+	Help	ヘルプ
+	History	履歴
+	Horizontal	横書き
+	Language	表示言語
+	Layers	レイヤー
+	New…	新規…
+	Object	オブジェクト
+	Open…	開く…
+	Paste	貼り付け
+	Preferences…	環境設定…
+	Print…	印刷…
+	Properties	プロパティ
+	Redo	やり直し
+	Revert	保存済みの状態に戻す
+	Save	保存
+	Save As…	別名で保存…
+	Select	選択
+	Settings…	環境設定…
+	Tools	ツール
+	Type	書式
+	Type Orientation	組み方向
+	Undo	取り消し
+	Vertical	縦書き
+	View	表示
+	Window	ウィンドウ
+	Zoom In	ズームイン
+	Zoom Out	ズームアウト
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/mod.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ebacd8b9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+//! UI localisation. Strings in code stay English and are the default lookup keys; a per-language
+//! catalog (`*.tsv`, see `zh-hant.tsv` for the format) maps them to display text at render time.
+//! Command ids, menu paths used for logic, the control channel, the CLI and MCP never see
+//! translated text, so agents and scripts are unaffected. A string without a translation is shown
+//! in English.
+//!
+//! # Adding a language
+//! 1. Add `xx.tsv` next to `zh-hant.tsv` (copy its header; translate from the *meaning* of the
+//!    English text, clean-room, see `zh-hant.tsv`).
+//! 2. Add one row to [`LANGUAGES`] (code, native name, catalog, plural rule).
+//!
+//! That is all: the Preferences dropdown, the system-locale match and the catalog tests (parse,
+//! placeholders, plural forms, menu coverage) pick it up from the registry.
+//!
+//! # Looking strings up
+//! - [`t`] / the `tl!` macro: a plain string in the language the UI is drawn in. [`tr`] takes the
+//!   language explicitly; [`tr_ctx`] when one English word needs different translations.
+//! - [`tr_id`]: a command-id keyed string with the English label as fallback (menu items), so a
+//!   translation survives rewording of the English text and can differ per command.
+//! - [`trn`]: plural-aware (`{n}` is filled in). [`fmt`]: fill `{name}` placeholders after [`tr`];
+//!   translators may reorder placeholders freely.
+
+mod catalog;
+
+use std::sync::OnceLock;
+use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
+
+use catalog::Catalog;
+
+/// One supported UI language.
+pub struct LangInfo {
+    /// BCP 47 code, lowercase (`ja`, `zh-hant`, `pt-br`). Also the `interfaceLanguage` value.
+    pub code: &'static str,
+    /// The language's name in itself, shown in the Preferences dropdown.
+    pub name: &'static str,
+    /// Catalog file contents (empty for the built-in English).
+    pub source: &'static str,
+    /// Plural form index for a count (English: 0 = one, 1 = other; Chinese: always 0).
+    pub plural: fn(u64) -> usize,
+    /// Must the catalog cover every menu string? (checked by the tests)
+    pub complete_menus: bool,
+    catalog: OnceLock<Catalog>,
+}
+
+fn plural_one_other(n: u64) -> usize {
+    usize::from(n != 1)
+}
+
+fn plural_none(_: u64) -> usize {
+    0
+}
+
+/// Czech: 1 is `one`, 2–4 `few`, everything else (0, 5…) `other`.
+fn plural_czech(n: u64) -> usize {
+    match n {
+        1 => 0,
+        2..=4 => 1,
+        _ => 2,
+    }
+}
+
+/// The registry. English first: it is the fallback and the source language.
+pub static LANGUAGES: [LangInfo; 4] = [
+    LangInfo { code: "en", name: "English", source: "", plural: plural_one_other, complete_menus: false, catalog: OnceLock::new() },
+    // Japanese: the main menus so far (untranslated text stays English); `complete_menus` once the
+    // catalog covers every menu string and `tl!` literal.
+    LangInfo { code: "ja", name: "日本語", source: include_str!("ja.tsv"), plural: plural_none, complete_menus: false, catalog: OnceLock::new() },
+    // Czech: every menu label (`czech_translates_every_menu_label`); panels and dialogs not yet.
+    LangInfo { code: "cs", name: "Čeština", source: include_str!("cs.tsv"), plural: plural_czech, complete_menus: false, catalog: OnceLock::new() },
+    // Traditional Chinese in the vocabulary used in Taiwan; `zh-TW`, `zh-HK`, `zh-MO` and `zh-Hant-*`
+    // locales all resolve here (see `candidates`).
+    LangInfo {
+        code: "zh-hant",
+        name: "繁體中文",
+        source: include_str!("zh-hant.tsv"),
+        plural: plural_none,
+        complete_menus: true,
+        catalog: OnceLock::new(),
+    },
+];
+
+impl LangInfo {
+    fn catalog(&self) -> &Catalog {
+        self.catalog.get_or_init(|| Catalog::parse(self.source))
+    }
+}
+
+/// A language the UI can be shown in (a handle into [`LANGUAGES`]).
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct Lang(&'static LangInfo);
+
+impl std::fmt::Debug for Lang {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "Lang({})", self.0.code)
+    }
+}
+
+impl PartialEq for Lang {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
+        self.0.code == other.0.code
+    }
+}
+
+impl Eq for Lang {}
+
+impl Lang {
+    pub const EN: Lang = Lang(&LANGUAGES[0]);
+
+    pub fn code(self) -> &'static str {
+        self.0.code
+    }
+
+    /// A language by its exact code.
+    pub fn from_code(code: &str) -> Option<Lang> {
+        LANGUAGES.iter().find(|l| l.code.eq_ignore_ascii_case(code)).map(Lang)
+    }
+
+    /// Resolve the `interfaceLanguage` preference: a language code, or `auto` (and anything
+    /// unknown, e.g. a code from a newer version) to follow the system locale.
+    pub fn from_pref(pref: &str) -> Lang {
+        Lang::from_code(pref).unwrap_or_else(system_lang)
+    }
+
+    /// Every registered language.
+    pub fn all() -> impl Iterator<Item = Lang> {
+        LANGUAGES.iter().map(Lang)
+    }
+
+    pub fn name(self) -> &'static str {
+        self.0.name
+    }
+
+    /// Does this language's catalog claim to cover every menu string and `tl!` literal?
+    pub fn complete_menus(self) -> bool {
+        self.0.complete_menus
+    }
+
+    fn catalog(self) -> &'static Catalog {
+        self.0.catalog()
+    }
+}
+
+/// Candidate language codes for a locale tag, most specific first: `zh_TW.UTF-8` →
+/// `zh-tw`, `zh-hant`, `zh`.
+fn candidates(tag: &str) -> Vec<String> {
+    let base = tag.split(['.', '@']).next().unwrap_or("").replace('_', "-").to_ascii_lowercase();
+    let parts: Vec<&str> = base.split('-').filter(|p| !p.is_empty()).collect();
+    let Some(&primary) = parts.first() else { return Vec::new() };
+    let mut out = Vec::new();
+    for n in (1..=parts.len()).rev() {
+        out.push(parts[..n].join("-"));
+    }
+    if primary == "zh" && !parts.iter().any(|p| matches!(*p, "hans" | "hant")) {
+        // Chinese by region when no script is given.
+        let script = if parts.iter().any(|p| matches!(*p, "tw" | "hk" | "mo")) { "zh-hant" } else { "zh-hans" };
+        out.insert(out.len() - 1, script.to_string());
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+/// The registered language for a locale tag such as `ja_JP.UTF-8`, `ja-JP`, `zh-TW`; `None` if
+/// the language isn't supported. `C`/`POSIX` mean English.
+pub fn lang_from_tag(tag: &str) -> Option<Lang> {
+    let cands = candidates(tag);
+    if matches!(cands.first().map(String::as_str), Some("c" | "posix")) {
+        return Some(Lang::EN);
+    }
+    cands.iter().find_map(|c| Lang::from_code(c))
+}
+
+/// The system language (cached). English when it can't be determined.
+pub fn system_lang() -> Lang {
+    // Tests drive the UI by its English labels whatever the developer's locale is.
+    if cfg!(test) {
+        return Lang::EN;
+    }
+    static SYSTEM: OnceLock<Lang> = OnceLock::new();
+    *SYSTEM.get_or_init(detect_system_lang)
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+fn detect_system_lang() -> Lang {
+    // `VECTORCRAFT_LOCALE` overrides everything (also handy for screenshots); then the POSIX
+    // variables. `LANGUAGE` is a colon-separated priority list.
+    for var in ["VECTORCRAFT_LOCALE", "LC_ALL", "LC_MESSAGES", "LANG", "LANGUAGE"] {
+        let Some(v) = std::env::var(var).ok().filter(|v| !v.is_empty()) else { continue };
+        if let Some(l) = v.split(':').find_map(lang_from_tag) {
+            return l;
+        }
+    }
+    // Apps started from the Finder don't inherit LANG: use the macOS preferred-languages list.
+    // The absolute path keeps a `defaults` earlier on PATH from running; any failure means English.
+    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+    if let Ok(out) = std::process::Command::new("/usr/bin/defaults").args(["read", "-g", "AppleLanguages"]).output()
+        && out.status.success()
+        && let Some(l) = first_supported(&String::from_utf8_lossy(&out.stdout))
+    {
+        return l;
+    }
+    // Windows sets no LANG: read the user locale (`HKCU\Control Panel\International` ›
+    // `LocaleName`, e.g. `zh-TW`).
+    #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
+    if let Some(l) = windows_locale().as_deref().and_then(lang_from_tag) {
+        return l;
+    }
+    Lang::EN
+}
+
+/// The first supported language in a `defaults read` list like `(\n    "ja-JP",\n    "en-US"\n)`.
+#[cfg_attr(not(target_os = "macos"), allow(dead_code))]
+fn first_supported(list: &str) -> Option<Lang> {
+    list.split(['(', ')', ',', '"', '\n']).map(str::trim).filter(|s| !s.is_empty()).find_map(lang_from_tag)
+}
+
+/// The Windows user locale name (`reg query` so no extra dependency; a hidden console window).
+#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
+fn windows_locale() -> Option<String> {
+    use std::os::windows::process::CommandExt;
+    const CREATE_NO_WINDOW: u32 = 0x0800_0000;
+    // reg.exe by its full path, so nothing named `reg` in the app's folder or on PATH runs instead.
+    let root = std::env::var_os("SystemRoot").map(std::path::PathBuf::from).unwrap_or_else(|| r"C:\Windows".into());
+    let out = std::process::Command::new(root.join("System32").join("reg.exe"))
+        .args(["query", "HKCU\\Control Panel\\International", "/v", "LocaleName"])
+        .creation_flags(CREATE_NO_WINDOW)
+        .output()
+        .ok()?;
+    registry_locale(&String::from_utf8_lossy(&out.stdout))
+}
+
+/// The value in `reg query` output like `    LocaleName    REG_SZ    zh-TW`.
+#[cfg_attr(not(target_os = "windows"), allow(dead_code))]
+fn registry_locale(text: &str) -> Option<String> {
+    text.lines().find(|l| l.contains("LocaleName")).and_then(|l| l.split_whitespace().last()).map(str::to_string)
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
+fn detect_system_lang() -> Lang {
+    Lang::EN
+}
+
+/// Index into [`LANGUAGES`] of the language the UI is drawn in this frame.
+static CURRENT: AtomicUsize = AtomicUsize::new(0);
+
+/// Set the UI language for drawing (the shell calls this once per frame from the preference), so
+/// widgets can translate without every call site carrying a language around.
+pub fn set_current(lang: Lang) {
+    let i = LANGUAGES.iter().position(|l| l.code == lang.code()).unwrap_or(0);
+    CURRENT.store(i, Ordering::Relaxed);
+}
+
+/// The language the UI is drawn in.
+pub fn current() -> Lang {
+    Lang(LANGUAGES.get(CURRENT.load(Ordering::Relaxed)).unwrap_or(&LANGUAGES[0]))
+}
+
+/// Does `lang` have a catalog entry for this plain string? (English never does: it is the source.)
+pub fn has(lang: Lang, s: &str) -> bool {
+    lang.catalog().plain(s).is_some()
+}
+
+/// Translate an English UI string into the current language ([`tr`] with [`current`]).
+pub fn t(s: &str) -> &str {
+    tr(current(), s)
+}
+
+/// Translate an English UI string; unknown strings come back unchanged.
+pub fn tr(lang: Lang, s: &str) -> &str {
+    lang.catalog().plain(s).unwrap_or(s)
+}
+
+/// Like [`tr`], for an English string that needs a disambiguating `context`.
+pub fn tr_ctx<'a>(lang: Lang, context: &str, s: &'a str) -> &'a str {
+    lang.catalog().contextual(context, s).unwrap_or_else(|| tr(lang, s))
+}
+
+/// A string keyed by its command id, falling back to the translation of the English `label`.
+pub fn tr_id<'a>(lang: Lang, id: &str, label: &'a str) -> &'a str {
+    lang.catalog().id(id).unwrap_or_else(|| tr(lang, label))
+}
+
+/// [`tr_id`] in the current language.
+pub fn t_id<'a>(id: &str, label: &'a str) -> &'a str {
+    tr_id(current(), id, label)
+}
+
+/// Fill `{name}` placeholders. Unknown placeholders are left as written.
+pub fn fmt(template: &str, args: &[(&str, &str)]) -> String {
+    let mut out = template.to_string();
+    for (k, v) in args {
+        out = out.replace(&format!("{{{k}}}"), v);
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+/// A plural-aware message: `one`/`other` are the English forms (with `{n}` where the count goes).
+pub fn trn(lang: Lang, n: u64, one: &str, other: &str) -> String {
+    let idx = (lang.0.plural)(n);
+    let text = lang.catalog().plural(one, other, idx).unwrap_or(if n == 1 { one } else { other });
+    fmt(text, &[("n", &n.to_string())])
+}
+
+/// [`trn`] in the current language.
+pub fn tn(n: u64, one: &str, other: &str) -> String {
+    trn(current(), n, one, other)
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests;
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/tests.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/tests.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2d030a03d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/tests.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,488 @@
+use super::catalog::{Catalog, parse_entries, placeholders};
+use super::*;
+
+const ZH: fn() -> Lang = || Lang::from_code("zh-hant").expect("zh-hant registered");
+
+#[test]
+fn tags_map_to_languages() {
+    assert_eq!(lang_from_tag("en_US.UTF-8"), Some(Lang::EN));
+    assert_eq!(lang_from_tag("C"), Some(Lang::EN));
+    assert_eq!(lang_from_tag("POSIX"), Some(Lang::EN));
+    assert_eq!(lang_from_tag("fr_FR"), None);
+    assert_eq!(lang_from_tag("ja_JP.UTF-8"), Lang::from_code("ja"));
+    assert_eq!(lang_from_tag("ja"), Lang::from_code("ja"));
+    // Traditional Chinese: by region, by script, and with a region after the script.
+    assert_eq!(lang_from_tag("zh_TW.UTF-8"), Some(ZH()));
+    assert_eq!(lang_from_tag("zh-TW"), Some(ZH()));
+    assert_eq!(lang_from_tag("zh-HK"), Some(ZH()));
+    assert_eq!(lang_from_tag("zh_MO"), Some(ZH()));
+    assert_eq!(lang_from_tag("zh-Hant"), Some(ZH()));
+    assert_eq!(lang_from_tag("zh-Hant-TW"), Some(ZH()));
+    assert_eq!(lang_from_tag("zh-Hant-HK"), Some(ZH()));
+    assert_eq!(lang_from_tag("zh_TW.UTF-8@radical"), Some(ZH()));
+    // Simplified Chinese locales never pick up the Traditional catalog (they resolve to a
+    // `zh-hans` catalog once one is registered, and to English until then).
+    for tag in ["zh-CN", "zh_CN.UTF-8", "zh_SG", "zh-Hans", "zh-Hans-CN", "zh"] {
+        assert_ne!(lang_from_tag(tag), Some(ZH()), "{tag}");
+    }
+    assert_eq!(lang_from_tag(""), None);
+    assert_eq!(lang_from_tag("_"), None);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn candidates_walk_from_specific_to_general() {
+    assert_eq!(candidates("pt_BR.UTF-8"), ["pt-br", "pt"]);
+    assert_eq!(candidates("zh_TW"), ["zh-tw", "zh-hant", "zh"]);
+    assert_eq!(candidates("zh-CN"), ["zh-cn", "zh-hans", "zh"]);
+    assert_eq!(candidates("zh-Hant-HK"), ["zh-hant-hk", "zh-hant", "zh"]);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn os_language_lists_are_parsed() {
+    assert_eq!(first_supported("(\n    \"zh-Hant-TW\",\n    \"en-US\"\n)\n"), Some(ZH()));
+    assert_eq!(first_supported("(\n    \"fr-FR\",\n    \"en-US\"\n)\n"), Some(Lang::EN));
+    assert_eq!(first_supported("("), None);
+    // Windows: `reg query HKCU\Control Panel\International /v LocaleName`.
+    let reg = "\r\nHKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Control Panel\\International\r\n    LocaleName    REG_SZ    zh-TW\r\n\r\n";
+    assert_eq!(registry_locale(reg).as_deref(), Some("zh-TW"));
+    assert_eq!(registry_locale(reg).as_deref().and_then(lang_from_tag), Some(ZH()));
+    assert_eq!(registry_locale("ERROR: The system was unable to find the specified registry key or value."), None);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn preferences_resolve_with_fallback() {
+    assert_eq!(Lang::from_pref("zh-hant"), ZH());
+    assert_eq!(Lang::from_pref("ZH-Hant"), ZH());
+    assert_eq!(Lang::from_pref("en"), Lang::EN);
+    // `auto` and unknown codes follow the system (English under test).
+    assert_eq!(Lang::from_pref("auto"), Lang::EN);
+    assert_eq!(Lang::from_pref("xx-unknown"), Lang::EN);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn current_language_is_a_frame_setting() {
+    set_current(ZH());
+    assert_eq!(current(), ZH());
+    assert_eq!(t("Layers"), "圖層");
+    set_current(Lang::EN);
+    assert_eq!(current(), Lang::EN);
+    assert_eq!(t("Layers"), "Layers");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn lookups_fall_back_to_english() {
+    assert_eq!(tr(Lang::EN, "Layers"), "Layers");
+    assert_eq!(tr(ZH(), "Layers"), "圖層");
+    assert_eq!(tr(ZH(), "no such label"), "no such label");
+    assert_eq!(tr_id(ZH(), "no.such.id", "Layers"), "圖層");
+    assert_eq!(tr_ctx(ZH(), "no such context", "Layers"), "圖層");
+    assert!(has(ZH(), "Layers"));
+    assert!(!has(Lang::EN, "Layers"));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn catalog_kinds_are_parsed_and_looked_up() {
+    let c = Catalog::parse("# c\n\tHello\t你好\n@id\tfile.save\t儲存\nmenu\tWindows\t視窗們\n@plural\t{n} file|{n} files\t{n} 個檔案\n\n");
+    assert_eq!(c.plain("Hello"), Some("你好"));
+    assert_eq!(c.id("file.save"), Some("儲存"));
+    assert_eq!(c.contextual("menu", "Windows"), Some("視窗們"));
+    assert_eq!(c.contextual("other", "Windows"), None);
+    assert_eq!(c.plural("{n} file", "{n} files", 0), Some("{n} 個檔案"));
+    assert_eq!(c.plural("{n} file", "{n} files", 5), Some("{n} 個檔案"), "an index past the forms clamps");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn malformed_lines_are_reported_not_fatal() {
+    let (entries, errors) = parse_entries("\tok\t好\nno tabs here\n\tonly\n\ta\tb\tc\textra\n\t\tempty source\n");
+    assert_eq!(entries.len(), 1);
+    assert_eq!(errors.len(), 4, "{errors:?}");
+    assert_eq!(parse_entries("\ta\\tb\tx\\ny\\\\z\n").0[0], (String::new(), "a\tb".into(), "x\ny\\z".into()));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn plurals_and_placeholders() {
+    assert_eq!(trn(Lang::EN, 1, "{n} item", "{n} items"), "1 item");
+    assert_eq!(trn(Lang::EN, 0, "{n} item", "{n} items"), "0 items");
+    assert_eq!(trn(Lang::EN, 7, "{n} item", "{n} items"), "7 items");
+    assert_eq!(trn(ZH(), 1, "{n} item", "{n} items"), "1 個項目");
+    assert_eq!(trn(ZH(), 7, "{n} item", "{n} items"), "7 個項目");
+    assert_eq!(fmt("{b} before {a}", &[("a", "x"), ("b", "y"), ("c", "z")]), "y before x");
+    assert_eq!(fmt("{missing}", &[]), "{missing}");
+    assert_eq!(placeholders("a {x} b {y} {"), ["x", "y"]);
+}
+
+/// Every bundled catalog is well-formed and consistent with its sources.
+#[test]
+fn bundled_catalogs_are_consistent() {
+    for l in &LANGUAGES {
+        assert!(l.code == l.code.to_ascii_lowercase() && !l.name.is_empty(), "{}", l.code);
+        let (entries, errors) = parse_entries(l.source);
+        assert!(errors.is_empty(), "{}: {errors:?}", l.code);
+        let mut seen = std::collections::HashSet::new();
+        for (ctx, src, tr) in &entries {
+            assert!(seen.insert((ctx.clone(), src.clone())), "{}: duplicate {ctx:?} {src:?}", l.code);
+            if ctx == "@plural" {
+                let one_other: Vec<&str> = src.split('|').collect();
+                assert_eq!(one_other.len(), 2, "{}: plural source must be `one|other`: {src:?}", l.code);
+                for form in tr.split('|') {
+                    let mut want = placeholders(one_other[1]);
+                    let mut got = placeholders(form);
+                    want.sort_unstable();
+                    got.sort_unstable();
+                    assert_eq!(want, got, "{}: placeholders differ in {src:?}", l.code);
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
+            let mut want = placeholders(src);
+            let mut got = placeholders(tr);
+            want.sort_unstable();
+            got.sort_unstable();
+            assert_eq!(want, got, "{}: placeholders differ in {src:?}", l.code);
+            if ctx.is_empty() {
+                assert_eq!(src.ends_with('…'), tr.ends_with('…'), "{}: ellipsis mismatch: {src:?}", l.code);
+            }
+            if ctx == "@id" {
+                let known =
+                    crate::menus::UI_COMMANDS.iter().any(|c| c.0 == src) || vectorcraft_engine::cmd::command_specs().iter().any(|c| c.id == src);
+                assert!(known, "{}: unknown command id {src:?}", l.code);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// A catalog that doesn't claim complete menus may still only hold strings the UI shows (menu
+/// labels, command labels, `tl!` literals), so labels from other apps don't creep in.
+#[test]
+fn partial_catalogs_only_translate_strings_the_ui_shows() {
+    let known: std::collections::BTreeSet<String> = crate::menus::menu_strings().into_iter().chain(tl_literals()).collect();
+    for l in LANGUAGES.iter().filter(|l| !l.complete_menus && !l.source.is_empty()) {
+        let (entries, _) = parse_entries(l.source);
+        let unknown: Vec<_> = entries.iter().filter(|(ctx, src, _)| ctx.is_empty() && !known.contains(src)).map(|(_, src, _)| src).collect();
+        assert!(unknown.is_empty(), "{}: not UI strings: {unknown:?}", l.code);
+    }
+}
+
+/// VectorCraft › Language (`app.language`) sets the `interfaceLanguage` preference, which is what
+/// persists; the checked item follows the preference, and a bad code is an error, not a change.
+#[test]
+fn language_command_sets_the_preference() {
+    use crate::menus::{checked, run_ui_command};
+    let mut app = crate::VectorcraftApp::new(vectorcraft_engine::Session::new(), crate::Services::default());
+    assert_eq!(checked(&app, "app.language", &serde_json::json!({"lang": "auto"})), Some(true));
+    run_ui_command(&mut app, "app.language", &serde_json::json!({"lang": "ja"})).unwrap().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(app.session.prefs.interface_language, "ja");
+    assert_eq!(app.ui_language(), Lang::from_code("ja").unwrap());
+    assert_eq!(checked(&app, "app.language", &serde_json::json!({"lang": "ja"})), Some(true));
+    assert_eq!(checked(&app, "app.language", &serde_json::json!({"lang": "auto"})), Some(false));
+    assert_eq!(checked(&app, "app.language", &serde_json::json!({"lang": "zh-hant"})), Some(false));
+    let err = run_ui_command(&mut app, "app.language", &serde_json::json!({"lang": "xx"})).unwrap().unwrap_err();
+    assert!(err.contains("auto") && err.contains("zh-hant"), "{err}");
+    assert_eq!(app.session.prefs.interface_language, "ja");
+    run_ui_command(&mut app, "app.language", &serde_json::json!({"lang": "auto"})).unwrap().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(app.session.prefs.interface_language, "auto");
+    assert_eq!(checked(&app, "app.language", &serde_json::json!({"lang": "auto"})), Some(true));
+    // Every registered language is in the menu, by its own name.
+    let labels: Vec<String> =
+        crate::menus::menu_entries(&app).into_iter().filter(|e| e.command.as_deref() == Some("app.language")).map(|e| e.label).collect();
+    for l in Lang::all() {
+        assert!(labels.iter().any(|x| x == l.name()), "{} missing from {labels:?}", l.code());
+    }
+}
+
+/// Chinese and Japanese characters (CJK punctuation, kana, ideographs, full-width forms).
+fn is_cjk(c: char) -> bool {
+    matches!(c as u32, 0x3000..=0x9FFF | 0xF900..=0xFAFF | 0xFF00..=0xFFEF | 0x20000..=0x2FFFF)
+}
+
+/// The UI fonts draw every character the catalogs use, in every family the UI draws text with
+/// (the web build has no system fonts to fall back to). Chinese and Japanese characters come from
+/// the craft-fonts build input, which is optional: without it they are left to the installed
+/// fonts, and with it the Japanese catalog is checked against BIZ UDPGothic (the Traditional
+/// Chinese one waits for a Traditional Chinese UI font in craft-fonts).
+#[test]
+fn bundled_fonts_cover_the_catalogs() {
+    let japanese_ui_font = vectorcraft_text::CRAFT_FONTS.iter().any(|f| f.is_japanese());
+    let ctx = egui::Context::default();
+    crate::theme::install_fonts(&ctx);
+    let mut output = ctx.run_ui(egui::RawInput::default(), |_| {});
+    output.textures_delta.clear();
+    let mut missing = std::collections::BTreeMap::new();
+    ctx.fonts_mut(|fonts| {
+        let families = [
+            egui::FontFamily::Proportional,
+            egui::FontFamily::Name(crate::theme::FONT_UI.into()),
+            egui::FontFamily::Name(crate::theme::FONT_UI_SEMIBOLD.into()),
+            egui::FontFamily::Name(crate::theme::FONT_MONO.into()),
+        ];
+        for l in LANGUAGES.iter().filter(|l| !l.source.is_empty()) {
+            let (entries, _) = parse_entries(l.source);
+            let cjk_checked = japanese_ui_font && l.code == "ja";
+            let chars: std::collections::BTreeSet<char> =
+                entries.iter().flat_map(|(_, _, tr)| tr.chars()).filter(|c| !c.is_whitespace() && (cjk_checked || !is_cjk(*c))).collect();
+            for family in &families {
+                let font = egui::FontId::new(13.0, family.clone());
+                let gone: String = chars.iter().filter(|c| !fonts.has_glyph(&font, **c)).collect();
+                if !gone.is_empty() {
+                    missing.insert(format!("{} in {family:?}", l.code), gone);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    });
+    assert!(missing.is_empty(), "characters without a glyph: {missing:#?}");
+}
+
+/// The Traditional Chinese catalog holds no Simplified-only characters (a translation written
+/// in the wrong script would read as a typo to every user).
+#[test]
+fn zh_hant_has_no_simplified_characters() {
+    const SIMPLIFIED_ONLY: &str = "们这为来时间个说对会发现过还没动开关图层选设项编辑显视帮删预览导节线连择报错误处据库经体应该样点击确认标记录输进转换调约维护启闭锁义类网络页颜绘画宽长边缘缩镜复贴渐滤笔钢区饱参数变号单双属组齐径锚轮阴阳实际让从产东车门问闪并坚测试运术压缩叠饰够亚质纸张档缺省认识";
+    let (entries, _) = parse_entries(ZH().0.source);
+    let mut bad = Vec::new();
+    for (ctx, src, tr) in entries {
+        if let Some(c) = tr.chars().find(|c| SIMPLIFIED_ONLY.contains(*c)) {
+            bad.push(format!("{ctx} {src:?} → {tr:?} has {c:?}"));
+        }
+    }
+    assert!(bad.is_empty(), "simplified characters in zh-hant.tsv:\n{}", bad.join("\n"));
+}
+
+/// Every menu string (top-level titles, submenu names, item labels, section headers, UI and
+/// engine command labels and menu paths) has an entry in each language that claims complete menus.
+#[test]
+fn complete_languages_translate_every_menu_string() {
+    let strings = crate::menus::menu_strings();
+    assert!(strings.len() > 500, "menu scan found only {} strings", strings.len());
+    for l in LANGUAGES.iter().filter(|l| l.complete_menus) {
+        let cat = l.catalog();
+        let missing: Vec<_> = strings.iter().filter(|s| cat.plain(s).is_none()).collect();
+        assert!(missing.is_empty(), "{}: {} untranslated menu strings: {missing:#?}", l.code, missing.len());
+    }
+}
+
+/// Every `tl!("literal")` in the shell has an entry in each language that claims complete menus
+/// (so a new label can't ship untranslated by accident). Literals that are deliberately shown as
+/// they are (names, units) are listed in `KEEP_AS_IS`.
+#[test]
+fn every_tl_literal_is_translated() {
+    const KEEP_AS_IS: &[&str] = &[];
+    let literals = tl_literals();
+    assert!(literals.len() > 300, "scan found only {} literals", literals.len());
+    for l in LANGUAGES.iter().filter(|l| l.complete_menus) {
+        let cat = l.catalog();
+        let missing: Vec<_> = literals.iter().filter(|s| !KEEP_AS_IS.contains(&s.as_str()) && cat.plain(s).is_none()).collect();
+        assert!(missing.is_empty(), "{}: {} untranslated tl! strings: {missing:#?}", l.code, missing.len());
+    }
+}
+
+/// Every `tl!("…")` literal in this crate's sources (test modules aside).
+pub fn tl_literals() -> std::collections::BTreeSet<String> {
+    let dir = std::path::Path::new(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR")).join("src");
+    let mut literals = std::collections::BTreeSet::new();
+    let mut stack = vec![dir];
+    while let Some(d) = stack.pop() {
+        for entry in std::fs::read_dir(&d).into_iter().flatten().flatten() {
+            let path = entry.path();
+            let name = path.file_name().and_then(|n| n.to_str()).unwrap_or("");
+            if path.is_dir() {
+                stack.push(path);
+            } else if name.ends_with(".rs") && name != "lib.rs" && !name.starts_with("tests") {
+                let text = std::fs::read_to_string(&path).unwrap_or_default();
+                let code = text.split("#[cfg(test)]").next().unwrap_or("");
+                let mut rest = code;
+                while let Some(at) = rest.find("tl!(\"") {
+                    rest = &rest[at + 5..];
+                    let mut end = 0;
+                    let bytes = rest.as_bytes();
+                    while end < bytes.len() && !(bytes[end] == b'"' && (end == 0 || bytes[end - 1] != b'\\')) {
+                        end += 1;
+                    }
+                    let lit = rest.get(..end).unwrap_or("").replace("\\\"", "\"");
+                    if rest.get(end + 1..end + 2) == Some(")") {
+                        literals.insert(lit);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    literals
+}
+
+/// `VECTORCRAFT_I18N_DUMP=<file> cargo test -p vectorcraft-ui-egui dump_source_strings` writes every
+/// English source string a complete catalog has to cover, one per line, for translators.
+#[test]
+fn dump_source_strings() {
+    let Ok(path) = std::env::var("VECTORCRAFT_I18N_DUMP") else { return };
+    let mut all = crate::menus::menu_strings();
+    all.extend(tl_literals());
+    let text: String = all.iter().map(|s| format!("{}\n", s.replace('\\', "\\\\").replace('\n', "\\n").replace('\t', "\\t"))).collect();
+    std::fs::write(path, text).expect("write dump");
+}
+
+fn cs() -> Lang {
+    Lang::from_code("cs").expect("cs registered")
+}
+
+/// Menu labels Czech shows as they are: the product name, a format name, the built-in workspace
+/// names and the perspective grid presets (names, shown untranslated wherever else they appear).
+/// Each language's own name in the Language menu is left alone too.
+const CZECH_KEEP_AS_IS: &[&str] = &[
+    "VectorCraft",
+    "OpenType",
+    "Essentials",
+    "Essentials Classic",
+    "Automation",
+    "Layout",
+    "Painting",
+    "Printing and Proofing",
+    "Tracing",
+    "Typography",
+    "Web",
+    "[1P-Normal View]",
+    "[1P-Low View]",
+    "[1P-High View]",
+    "[2P-Normal View]",
+    "[2P-Low View]",
+    "[2P-High View]",
+    "[3P-Normal View]",
+    "[3P-Low View]",
+];
+
+/// Every menu title, submenu, item and header label with its command and params (`""`/null for
+/// the ones that run nothing).
+fn menu_labels() -> Vec<(&'static str, &'static str, serde_json::Value)> {
+    use crate::menus::Item;
+    fn walk(items: &[Item], out: &mut Vec<(&'static str, &'static str, serde_json::Value)>) {
+        for i in items {
+            match i {
+                Item::Cmd(l, id, p) => out.push((l, id, p.clone())),
+                Item::Todo(l, _) | Item::Header(l) => out.push((l, "", serde_json::Value::Null)),
+                Item::Sub(l, children) => {
+                    out.push((l, "", serde_json::Value::Null));
+                    walk(children, out);
+                }
+                Item::Sep => {}
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    let mut labels = vec![];
+    for (title, items) in crate::menus::menu_tree() {
+        labels.push((title, "", serde_json::Value::Null));
+        walk(&items, &mut labels);
+    }
+    labels
+}
+
+/// The labels toggling items switch to ("Show Guides" once guides are hidden…), from a document
+/// with every toggle flipped.
+fn toggled_labels() -> Vec<String> {
+    use serde_json::json;
+    let mut app = crate::VectorcraftApp::new(vectorcraft_engine::Session::new(), crate::Services::default());
+    app.run("file.new", json!({})).unwrap();
+    app.run("shape.rectangle", json!({"x": 10, "y": 10, "width": 50, "height": 50})).unwrap();
+    app.run("object.envelope.makeWithWarp", json!({})).unwrap();
+    let toggles = [
+        "view.outline",
+        "view.edges",
+        "view.cornerWidget",
+        "view.textThreads",
+        "type.hiddenCharacters",
+        "view.gradientAnnotator",
+        "view.artboards",
+        "view.rulers",
+        "view.boundingBox",
+        "view.transparencyGrid",
+        "view.guides",
+        "view.grid",
+        "view.guides.lock",
+        "view.slices.hide",
+        "view.printTiling",
+        "perspective.grid.show",
+        "perspective.grid.rulers",
+        "perspective.grid.lock",
+        "object.envelope.editContents",
+    ];
+    let mut labels = vec![];
+    for id in toggles {
+        let before = crate::menus::dynamic_label(&app, id, "");
+        app.run(id, json!({})).unwrap();
+        let after = crate::menus::dynamic_label(&app, id, "");
+        assert_ne!(before, after, "{id} didn't toggle its label");
+        labels.extend([before, after]);
+    }
+    labels
+}
+
+/// Czech covers every menu label, the Show/Hide pairs included (panels and dialogs not yet).
+#[test]
+fn czech_translates_every_menu_label() {
+    let labels = menu_labels();
+    // What the menus show (recent files and fonts, user presets and libraries show their names).
+    let shown = crate::menus::menu_strings();
+    let language_name = |l: &str| Lang::all().any(|lang| lang.name() == l);
+    // Font names and sizes, and installed plug-ins' own names, are not interface text.
+    let interface = |(label, id, p): &(&str, &str, serde_json::Value)| {
+        let plugin = *id == "plugin.dialog" || p.get("effect").and_then(serde_json::Value::as_str).is_some_and(|e| e.starts_with("plugin."));
+        *id != "text.setStyle" && !plugin && shown.contains(*label) && !CZECH_KEEP_AS_IS.contains(label) && !language_name(label)
+    };
+    let mut missing: Vec<String> = labels.iter().filter(|l| interface(l)).map(|(l, ..)| l.to_string()).collect();
+    missing.extend(toggled_labels());
+    missing.extend(crate::menus::CONTEXT_LABELS.iter().map(|l| l.to_string()));
+    missing.retain(|l| !has(cs(), l));
+    missing.sort();
+    missing.dedup();
+    assert!(missing.is_empty(), "untranslated Czech menu labels: {missing:?}");
+    for keep in CZECH_KEEP_AS_IS {
+        assert!(labels.iter().any(|(l, ..)| l == keep), "`{keep}` isn't a menu label");
+        assert!(!has(cs(), keep), "`{keep}` is both kept and translated");
+    }
+    assert_eq!(tr(cs(), "File"), "Soubor");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn czech_plurals_have_three_forms() {
+    let forms: Vec<usize> = [0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 11, 21].into_iter().map(plural_czech).collect();
+    assert_eq!(forms, [2, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2]);
+}
+
+/// Czech letters (and the punctuation Czech text uses) come from each family's own first font, not
+/// from a fallback further down the stack. (`has_glyph` can't tell: it counts characters of the
+/// face that draws missing glyphs, the first one, as missing.)
+#[test]
+fn czech_glyphs_are_available_without_system_fonts() {
+    let ctx = egui::Context::default();
+    crate::theme::install_fonts(&ctx);
+    let mut output = ctx.run_ui(egui::RawInput::default(), |_| {});
+    output.textures_delta.clear();
+    ctx.fonts_mut(|fonts| {
+        let families: Vec<_> = fonts.definitions().families.iter().map(|(f, stack)| (f.clone(), stack.first().cloned())).collect();
+        for (family, first) in families {
+            let first = first.unwrap();
+            let mut font = fonts.fonts.font(&family);
+            let chars = font.characters();
+            for ch in "áčďéěíňóřšťúůýžÁČĎÉĚÍŇÓŘŠŤÚŮÝŽ„“‚‘…–".chars() {
+                assert!(chars.get(&ch).is_some_and(|fonts| fonts.contains(&first)), "{first} ({family:?}) has no {ch}");
+            }
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+/// A language chosen in an older version (saved with the UI state as `"language"`) carries over to
+/// the `interfaceLanguage` preference, and isn't written back.
+#[test]
+fn a_language_saved_by_an_older_version_carries_over() {
+    for (saved, want) in [("ja", "ja"), ("cs", "cs"), ("en", "auto"), ("xx", "auto")] {
+        let ui: crate::state::UiState = serde_json::from_value(serde_json::json!({"language": saved})).unwrap();
+        let mut app = crate::VectorcraftApp::new(vectorcraft_engine::Session::new(), crate::Services::default());
+        app.ui = ui;
+        crate::prefs_dialog::restore(&mut app);
+        assert_eq!(app.session.prefs.interface_language, want, "saved {saved}");
+        assert!(serde_json::to_value(&app.ui).unwrap().get("language").is_none());
+    }
+    // A preference already set wins over the old field.
+    let ui: crate::state::UiState =
+        serde_json::from_value(serde_json::json!({"language": "ja", "engine_prefs": {"interfaceLanguage": "cs"}})).unwrap();
+    let mut app = crate::VectorcraftApp::new(vectorcraft_engine::Session::new(), crate::Services::default());
+    app.ui = ui;
+    crate::prefs_dialog::restore(&mut app);
+    assert_eq!(app.session.prefs.interface_language, "cs");
+}
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/zh-hant.tsv b/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/zh-hant.tsv
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d3a3ba7de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/zh-hant.tsv
@@ -0,0 +1,2899 @@
+# Traditional Chinese (zh-hant) catalog. Columns, separated by a TAB:  context <TAB> source <TAB> translation
+#
+#   context  empty                a plain UI string; `source` is the English text in the code
+#            @id                  a command id (e.g. file.saveAs): wins over the English text for
+#                                 that menu item, so one id can read differently from its twin
+#            @plural              `source` is "one|other" (English forms); Chinese has one form, so
+#                                 the translation is a single string (see `plural` in i18n/mod.rs)
+#            anything else        a disambiguating context passed to `tr_ctx`
+#   escapes  \n  \t  \\  inside a column. `{name}` placeholders must appear in both columns.
+#   lines starting with # and blank lines are ignored.
+#
+# Clean-room: every entry was written from the plain meaning of the English label using the
+# vector-drawing vocabulary in everyday use in Taiwan (錨點, 路徑, 筆畫, 填色, 工作區域, 路徑管理員 ...).
+# No proprietary localisation resource, string table or product UI was consulted or copied; add
+# entries the same way. Product and technology names (VectorCraft, ArtCraft, SVG, OpenType, CMYK,
+# Lab ...) and paper sizes (Letter, Tabloid) stay in Latin letters; the trailing "…" of dialog
+# commands is kept. Full-width punctuation (，。：) inside sentences; half-width parentheses and
+# the " · " separators as in the English. Terms shared with PhotoCraft use the same words as its
+# zh-hant catalog (圖層, 選取, 偏好設定, 混合模式 ...), so the two apps read alike.
+
+	  — missing	  — 遺失
+	 to search every command	 以搜尋所有指令
+	+ Add Scale	+ 新增縮放比例
+	0.2 (quality) to 100 (speed)	0.2 (品質) 至 100 (速度)
+	1 Color Job…	1 色印刷作業…
+	1 {unit} on the artboard stands for {real} {unit} in the scene.	工作區域上的1 {unit}代表場景中的{real} {unit}。
+	2 Color Job…	2 色印刷作業…
+	3 Color Job…	3 色印刷作業…
+	30° Angles	30° 角度
+	3D and Materials	3D 與材質
+	3D Ribbon	3D 緞帶
+	45° Angles	45° 角度
+	60° Angles	60° 角度
+	90° & 45° & 30° Angles	90°、45° 與 30° 角度
+	90° & 45° Angles	90° 與 45° 角度
+	90° Angles	90° 角度
+	< 1 sec	< 1 秒
+	<Opacity Mask>	<不透明度遮色片>
+	[1P-High View]	[一點透視-高視角]
+	[1P-Low View]	[一點透視-低視角]
+	[1P-Normal View]	[一點透視-正常視角]
+	[2P-High View]	[兩點透視-高視角]
+	[2P-Low View]	[兩點透視-低視角]
+	[2P-Normal View]	[兩點透視-正常視角]
+	[3P-Low View]	[三點透視-低視角]
+	[3P-Normal View]	[三點透視-正常視角]
+	[Default] is protected: New… starts an editable copy.	[預設] 受到保護：「新增…」會開始一份可編輯的複本。
+	[Unnamed]	[未命名]
+	A File…	一個檔案…
+	A new preset starting from the selected one	以所選預設集為基礎建立新預設集
+	A saved copy of the selected preset	所選預設集的已儲存拷貝
+	About VectorCraft	關於 VectorCraft
+	above	以上
+	Absolute Position	絕對位置
+	Abutting	相鄰
+	Action {n}	動作 {n}
+	Actions	動作
+	Activate Document	啟用文件
+	Active Perspective Plane	作用中的透視平面
+	Actual Size	實際尺寸
+	Add	新增
+	Add Anchor (Pen)	增加錨點 (鋼筆)
+	Add Anchor Point	增加錨點
+	Add Anchor Point Tool	增加錨點工具
+	Add Anchor Points	增加錨點
+	Add Effect	新增效果
+	Add Freeform Line	新增任意線條
+	Add Freeform Point	新增任意形狀錨點
+	Add Guide	新增參考線
+	Add Mesh Line	新增網格線
+	Add New	新增
+	Add New Effect	新增效果
+	Add New Fill	新增填色
+	Add New Stroke	新增筆畫
+	Add Selected Artwork (Alt: as one asset)	新增所選圖稿 (Alt：合為一個資產)
+	Add Selected Artwork as Multiple Assets	將所選圖稿新增為多個資產
+	Add Selected Artwork as One Asset	將所選圖稿新增為一個資產
+	Add Spine Point	新增脊線點
+	Add Swatches	新增色票
+	Add to Graphic Styles	新增至繪圖樣式
+	Add to Profiles	新增至描述檔
+	Add to Profiles…	加入描述檔…
+	Add to Selection	加入選取範圍
+	Add to Swatches	新增至色票
+	Add Used Colors	新增使用中的顏色
+	Additional Plug-ins Folder	額外的增效模組資料夾
+	Adjust Adjoining Width Points	調整相鄰寬度點
+	Adjust Color Balance…	調整色彩平衡…
+	Adjust Colors	調整顏色
+	Adjust Options:	調整選項：
+	Advanced	進階
+	Advanced Options	進階選項
+	Align	對齊
+	Align center	置中對齊
+	Align left	靠左對齊
+	Align Objects:	對齊物件：
+	Align On:	對齊於：
+	Align right	靠右對齊
+	Align Stroke to Center	筆畫對齊中央
+	Align Stroke to Inside	筆畫對齊內側
+	Align Stroke to Outside	筆畫對齊外側
+	Align Stroke:	對齊筆畫：
+	Align to Artboard	對齊工作區域
+	Align to Glyph Bounds	對齊字符邊界
+	Align to Key Object	對齊關鍵物件
+	Align to Page	對齊頁面
+	Align to Path	對齊路徑
+	Align to Selection	對齊選取範圍
+	Align To:	對齊至：
+	Align:	對齊：
+	Alignment Guides	對齊參考線
+	Alignment:	對齊方式：
+	All	全部
+	All Artwork Above	上方所有圖稿
+	All Caps	全部大寫
+	All Categories	所有類別
+	All colours are within the CMYK gamut	所有顏色皆在 CMYK 色域內
+	All on Active Artboard	作用中工作區域上的全部
+	All on Same Layers	相同圖層上的全部
+	All printer's marks	所有印表機標記
+	All Text Objects	所有文字物件
+	All the art	所有圖稿
+	All Tools	所有工具
+	Alt	Alt
+	Alt:	Alt：
+	Alter Paths for Appearance	依外觀調整路徑
+	Amount	數量
+	Amount:	數量：
+	Anchor Point	錨點
+	Anchor Point Tool	錨點工具
+	Anchor Points	錨點
+	Anchor Points, Handle, and Bounding Box Display	錨點、控制把手與邊框顯示
+	Anchor/Path Labels	錨點/路徑標籤
+	Angle	角度
+	Angle:	角度：
+	Angles	角度
+	Animated Zoom	動畫縮放
+	Anti-alias	消除鋸齒
+	Anti-Alias	消除鋸齒
+	Anti-alias Rasters	點陣影像消除鋸齒
+	Anti-aliased Artwork	消除鋸齒的圖稿
+	Anti-aliasing:	消除鋸齒：
+	Appearance	外觀
+	Appearance Attribute	外觀屬性
+	Appearance Item	外觀項目
+	Appearance of Black	黑色外觀
+	Appearance Panel	外觀面板
+	Appearance panel	外觀面板
+	Applies when the linked file is relinked or updated.	重新連結或更新連結檔案時套用。
+	Apply Brush	套用筆刷
+	Apply Character Style	套用字元樣式
+	Apply Effect	套用效果
+	Apply Graphic Style	套用繪圖樣式
+	Apply Last Color	套用上次的顏色
+	Apply Last Effect	套用上次的效果
+	Apply Last Gradient	套用上次的漸層
+	Apply Paragraph Style	套用段落樣式
+	Apply SVG Filter…	套用 SVG 濾鏡…
+	Apply to All	全部套用
+	Apply to All ({count} more missing)	全部套用 (另有 {count} 個遺失)
+	Arc	弧形
+	Arc Lower…	下弧形…
+	Arc Tool	弧形工具
+	Arc Upper…	上弧形…
+	Arch…	拱形…
+	Arc…	弧形…
+	Area / Path Type	區域／路徑文字
+	Area Graph Tool	面積圖工具
+	Area Text Objects	區域文字物件
+	Area Type Options	區域文字選項
+	Area Type Options…	區域文字選項…
+	Area Type Tool	區域文字工具
+	Around Object	繞物件
+	Arrange	排列順序
+	Arrange: Bring to Front	排列順序：移至最前
+	Arrowheads:	箭頭：
+	Art	圖稿
+	Art using a deleted global swatch keeps its colour.	使用已刪除整體色票的圖稿會保留其顏色。
+	Artboard Options	工作區域選項
+	Artboard Options: edit with the Artboard tool	工作區域選項：請使用工作區域工具編輯
+	Artboard Options…	工作區域選項…
+	Artboard Tool	工作區域工具
+	Artboard {number}	工作區域 {number}
+	Artboard:	工作區域：
+	Artboards	工作區域
+	ArtCraft Website	ArtCraft 網站
+	ArtCraft website	ArtCraft 網站
+	Artwork Colors	圖稿顏色
+	As Multiple Assets	作為多個資產
+	As Single Asset	作為單一資產
+	Ask When Modified	修改時詢問
+	Aspect Ratio	長寬比
+	Asset Export	資產匯出
+	Asset Export Settings	資產匯出設定
+	Assets	資產
+	Assign	指定
+	Assign Profile…	指定描述檔…
+	Assign:	指定：
+	Attach to Active Plane	附加至作用中平面
+	Attributes	屬性
+	Author Title:	作者職稱：
+	Author:	作者：
+	Auto	自動
+	Automatic	自動
+	Auto Size New Area Type	自動調整新區域文字大小
+	Auto Spell Check	自動拼字檢查
+	Auto-Collapse Iconic Panels	自動收合圖示面板
+	Auto-Rotate (turn the paper to each artboard)	自動旋轉 (將紙張轉向各工作區域)
+	Automatic flatness	自動平滑度
+	Automatically	自動
+	Automatically Save Recovery Data	自動儲存復原資料
+	Automation	自動化
+	Average	平均
+	Average…	平均…
+	Axis:	軸：
+	Background Color:	背景顏色：
+	Background Contents	背景內容
+	Background Contents:	背景內容：
+	Background:	背景：
+	Backspace	Backspace
+	Bar Graph Tool	橫條圖工具
+	Baseline Shift	基線位移
+	Basic Latin	基本拉丁文
+	Batch	批次
+	Begin Recording	開始錄製
+	Bend:	彎曲：
+	Bevel Join	斜角
+	Bitmap	點陣圖
+	Black	黑色
+	Black and White	黑白
+	Black and White Logo	黑白標誌
+	BLANK DOCUMENT PRESETS	空白文件預設集
+	Bleed	出血
+	Bleed:	出血：
+	Bleeds	出血
+	Blend	漸變
+	Blend Front to Back	由前至後漸變
+	Blend Horizontally	水平漸變
+	Blend Info	漸變資訊
+	Blend Options	漸變選項
+	Blend Options…	漸變選項…
+	Blend Tool	漸變工具
+	Blend Vertically	垂直漸變
+	Blending Mode	混合模式
+	Blends and Transparency	混合與透明度
+	Bloat Tool	膨脹工具
+	Blob Brush	點滴筆刷
+	Blob Brush Tool	點滴筆刷工具
+	Blue	藍
+	Blur	模糊
+	Bottom	下
+	Bottom in Front	下方置前
+	Bottom:	下：
+	Bounds	邊界
+	Bounds (Fill Proportionally)	邊界 (按比例填滿)
+	Bounds (Fit Proportionally)	邊界 (按比例符合)
+	Break Link to Graphic Style	中斷繪圖樣式連結
+	Break Link to Symbol	中斷符號連結
+	Brick by Column	依欄磚狀
+	Brick by Row	依列磚狀
+	Brick Offset:	磚塊位移：
+	Brightness	亮度
+	Brightness/Contrast…	亮度/對比…
+	Brights	亮色
+	Bring Forward	前移
+	Bring to Front	移至最前
+	Bristle	鬃毛
+	Bristle Brush Strokes	鬃毛筆刷筆畫
+	Browser	瀏覽器
+	Brush Affects:	筆刷影響：
+	Brush Definition	筆刷定義
+	Brush Libraries	筆刷資料庫
+	Brush Libraries (on the roadmap)	筆刷資料庫 (規劃中)
+	Brush Options…	筆刷選項…
+	Brush Strokes	筆刷筆畫
+	Brushes	筆刷
+	Built-in Libraries	內建資料庫
+	Built-in presets are read-only: New… starts an editable copy.	內建預設集為唯讀：「新增…」會建立可編輯的複本。
+	Built-in presets don't change: New makes a copy you can edit.	內建預設集無法變更：「新增」會建立可編輯的拷貝。
+	Built-in presets don't change: New… starts an editable copy.	內建預設集不會變動：「新增…」會建立可編輯的複本。
+	Bulge…	鼓起…
+	Bullet	項目符號
+	Butt Cap	平端點
+	Byte Order:	位元組順序：
+	Calligraphic	書法
+	Can't print these settings: see the Summary	無法列印這些設定：請見摘要
+	Cancel	取消
+	Cancel Key Object	取消關鍵物件
+	Canvas Color	畫布顏色
+	Cap	端點
+	Cap:	端點：
+	Cascade	重疊顯示
+	Center Artwork	圖稿置中
+	Center on Artboard	在工作區域置中
+	Center-Justified Tab	置中對齊定位點
+	Centimeters	公分
+	Change	變更
+	Change All	全部變更
+	Change Case	變更大小寫
+	Change Screen Mode (F)	變更螢幕模式 (F)
+	Change to Global Rulers	變更為全域尺標
+	Change to Right-to-Left Layout	變更為由右至左版面配置
+	Changed since the last Refresh.	自上次重新整理後已變更。
+	Changes allowed:	允許的變更：
+	Changes made since it was last saved will be lost.	自上次儲存後所做的變更將會遺失。
+	Changing these settings changes how raster effects look when exported, flattened or expanded.	變更這些設定會改變點陣效果在匯出、平面化或展開時的外觀。
+	Channel	色版
+	Character	字元
+	Character / Paragraph	字元／段落
+	Character Rotation	字元旋轉
+	Character Set:	字元集：
+	Character Style	字元樣式
+	Character Style Options	字元樣式選項
+	Character Styles	字元樣式
+	Check Links	檢查連結
+	Check Spelling…	拼字檢查…
+	Choose a folder	選擇資料夾
+	Choose…	選擇…
+	Circle	圓形
+	Classic Defaults	經典預設值
+	Clean Up…	清除…
+	Clear	清除
+	Clear All Tabs	清除所有定位點
+	Clear Appearance	清除外觀
+	Clear Guides	清除參考線
+	Clear Overrides	清除覆寫
+	Clear Recent Files	清除最近檔案
+	Click	按一下
+	Click an anchor point	按一下錨點
+	Click or drag	按一下或拖曳
+	Click the art with the Gradient tool to add or select points.	以漸層工具點擊圖稿，即可新增或選取點。
+	Click the first point	按一下第一個點
+	Click the ramp or a type button to apply a gradient.	點擊漸層條或類型按鈕以套用漸層。
+	Click to add a tab stop, drag to move it, drag it off the ruler to delete it	點擊以新增定位點，拖曳可移動，拖出尺標即可刪除
+	Click to choose a swatch, Shift-click to mix a colour	點擊以選擇色票，Shift+點擊可混合顏色
+	Click to edit the mask; Alt-click to view only the mask; Shift-click to disable or enable it	點擊以編輯遮色片；Alt+點擊僅檢視遮色片；Shift+點擊可停用或啟用
+	Click to place each file at 100%, or drag to size it; arrow keys switch files, Esc skips one.	按一下以 100% 置入每個檔案，或拖曳以調整大小；方向鍵可切換檔案，Esc 可略過一個。
+	Click to select, double-click to edit	按一下以選取，按兩下以編輯
+	Click to toggle visibility	點擊以切換可見性
+	Click to zoom in, Alt-click to zoom out, drag to pan, double-click to fit	按一下放大顯示，Alt 加按一下縮小顯示，拖曳以平移，按兩下以符合視窗
+	Client-side (.html)	用戶端 (.html)
+	Clip	剪裁
+	Clip Complex Regions	剪裁複雜區域
+	Clip to Art	剪裁至圖稿
+	Clip to Artboard	剪裁至工作區域
+	Clip to Bounding Box	剪裁至邊框
+	Clipboard as PDF	剪貼簿存為 PDF
+	Clipboard as PNG	剪貼簿存為 PNG
+	Clipboard as SVG	剪貼簿存為 SVG
+	Clipboard as Text	剪貼簿存為文字
+	Clipboard Formats	剪貼簿格式
+	Clipboard Handling	剪貼簿處理
+	Clipping Mask	剪裁遮色片
+	Clipping Masks	剪裁遮色片
+	Close	關閉
+	Close All	全部關閉
+	Close Library	關閉資料庫
+	Close Path	封閉路徑
+	Cmd	Cmd
+	CMYK	CMYK
+	CMYK Color	CMYK 色彩
+	CMYK colours print with their own values; off, they go through the colour settings too.	CMYK 顏色以其本身的數值列印；關閉時，也會經過色彩設定處理。
+	Collate	逐份列印
+	Collect for Export	收集以供匯出
+	Collect in New Layer	收集至新圖層
+	Collect Links in a Separate Folder	將連結收集到獨立的資料夾
+	Color	顏色
+	Color (,)	顏色 (,)
+	Color Adjustments	色彩調整
+	Color bars	色彩條
+	Color blindness – Deuteranopia-type	色盲 – 綠色盲型
+	Color blindness – Protanopia-type	色盲 – 紅色盲型
+	Color Burn	加深顏色
+	Color conversion:	色彩轉換：
+	Color Dodge	加亮顏色
+	Color Group	顏色群組
+	Color Group:	顏色群組：
+	Color Group: {name}	顏色群組：{name}
+	Color Guide	色彩參考
+	Color Guide Options	色彩參考選項
+	Color Guide Options…	色彩參考選項…
+	Color images	彩色影像
+	Color Library	顏色資料庫
+	Color Library…	色彩資料庫…
+	Color Management	色彩管理
+	Color Mixer (Shift-click the chip)	混色器 (Shift-按一下色塊)
+	Color Mode	色彩模式
+	Color Mode:	色彩模式：
+	Color Model:	色彩模型：
+	Color Models	色彩模型
+	Color Picker	顏色選擇器
+	Color Picker…	顏色選擇器…
+	Color Reduction:	色彩縮減：
+	Color Settings	色彩設定
+	Color Settings…	色彩設定…
+	Color Space	色彩空間
+	Color Swatches	色票
+	Color Table	色彩表
+	Color Table ({n} color)	顏色表 ({n} 色)
+	Color Table ({n} colors)	顏色表 ({n} 色)
+	Color Theme	色彩主題
+	Color Themes	色彩主題
+	Color Type:	顏色類型：
+	Color:	顏色：
+	Colorize	上色
+	Colors	顏色
+	Colors:	顏色：
+	Column Graph Tool	長條圖工具
+	Columns:	欄數：
+	Column…	欄…
+	Combine Slices	合併切片
+	Coming soon — tracked in the parity plan	即將推出 — 已列入功能對等計畫
+	Command Click to Select Objects Behind	Cmd 加按一下可選取後方物件
+	Command Dialog	指令對話框
+	Community	社群
+	Compatibility:	相容性：
+	Compatible Gradient and Gradient Mesh Printing	相容的漸層與漸層網格列印
+	Complement	互補色
+	Complexity:	複雜度：
+	Composite colours are converted to it; separations separate with it when it is a CMYK profile.	複合顏色會轉換為此描述檔；其為 CMYK 描述檔時，分色也會使用它。
+	Compound Path	複合路徑
+	Compress (RLE)	壓縮 (RLE)
+	Compress text and line art	壓縮文字與線條圖
+	Compression	壓縮
+	Compression › Color › Above Ppi	壓縮 › 顏色 › 高於 ppi
+	Compression:	壓縮：
+	Condition identifier:	條件識別碼：
+	Conflict {n} of {count}	衝突 {n}／{count}
+	Consolidate All Windows	合併所有視窗
+	Constrain Angle	強制角度
+	Constrain Width and Height Proportions	強制寬度與高度比例
+	Construction Guides	建構參考線
+	Contextual Alternates	前後關聯替代字
+	Contextual Task Bar	快捷工作列
+	Contrast	對比
+	Control	控制
+	Convert	轉換
+	Convert All Spot Colors to Process	將所有特別色轉換為印刷色
+	Convert All Strokes to Outlines	將所有筆畫轉換為外框
+	Convert All Text to Outlines	將所有文字轉換為外框
+	Convert Anchor Point	轉換錨點
+	Convert Anchor Points	轉換錨點
+	Convert Color	轉換顏色
+	Convert Document Color Mode	轉換文件色彩模式
+	Convert Process to Global	將印刷色轉換為整體色
+	Convert text to outlines	將文字轉換為外框
+	Convert To Area Type	轉換為區域文字
+	Convert to Artboards	轉換為工作區域
+	Convert to CMYK	轉換為 CMYK
+	Convert to Grayscale	轉換為灰階
+	Convert To Outlines	轉換為外框
+	Convert To Point Type	轉換為點狀文字
+	Convert to RGB	轉換為 RGB
+	Convert to Shape	轉換為形狀
+	Convert to sRGB	轉換為 sRGB
+	Copied the CSS of {rules} object(s)	已複製 {rules} 個物件的 CSS
+	Copies:	份數：
+	Copy	複製
+	Copy (make a transformed copy)	複製 (製作變形後的拷貝)
+	Copy All Objects	複製所有物件
+	Copy All Styles	複製所有樣式
+	Copy Color Value (Hex)	複製顏色值 (Hex)
+	Copy Fonts Used in the Document	複製文件中使用的字體
+	Copy Links	複製連結
+	Copy Selected Style	複製所選樣式
+	Copy Width Point	複製寬度點
+	Copyright	版權
+	Copyright Info URL:	著作權資訊網址：
+	Copyright Notice:	著作權聲明：
+	Copyright Status:	著作權狀態：
+	Copyright Symbol	著作權符號
+	Corner Radius	圓角半徑
+	Corner Radius:	圓角半徑：
+	Corner:	轉角：
+	Corners	轉角
+	Couldn't copy to the system clipboard: {e}	無法複製到系統剪貼簿：{e}
+	Couldn't paste from the clipboard: {e}	無法從剪貼簿貼上：{e}
+	Couldn't save recovery data: {e}	無法儲存復原資料：{e}
+	Couldn't {} {name}: {e}	無法{} {name}：{e}
+	Create	建立
+	Create Clipping Mask	建立剪裁遮色片
+	Create Document	建立文件
+	Create from Guides	從參考線建立
+	Create from Selection	從選取範圍建立
+	Create From:	建立來源：
+	Create Gradient Mesh…	建立漸層網格…
+	Create Graph	建立圖表
+	Create New Layer	建立新圖層
+	Create New Sublayer	建立新子圖層
+	Create New Swatch…	建立新色票…
+	Create New {kind} Style	建立新的{kind}樣式
+	Create Object Mosaic…	建立物件馬賽克…
+	Create Outlines	建立外框
+	Create Path	建立路徑
+	Create PDF layers from top-level layers	從最上層圖層建立 PDF 圖層
+	Create PDF-Compatible File	建立與 PDF 相容的檔案
+	Create Report	建立報告
+	Create Slice	建立切片
+	Create Sub-folders	建立子資料夾
+	Create Text	建立文字
+	Create Trim Marks	建立剪裁標記
+	Created	建立時間
+	Created:	建立時間：
+	Crop	裁切
+	Crop Image	裁切影像
+	Crop Marks	裁切標記
+	Crop To	裁切至
+	Crystallize Tool	結晶化工具
+	CSS Properties	CSS 屬性
+	Ctrl	Ctrl
+	Currency & Symbols	貨幣與符號
+	Current Brush	目前的筆刷
+	Current Colors ({total})	目前顏色 ({total})
+	Current Symbol	目前的符號
+	Curvature	曲率
+	Curvature Tool	曲線工具
+	Curves…	曲線…
+	Custom	自訂
+	Customize…	自訂…
+	Cut	剪下
+	Cut Path at Selected Anchor Points	在所選錨點處切斷路徑
+	Cyan	青色
+	Dark	深色
+	Darken	變暗
+	dash	虛線
+	Dash Pattern	虛線樣式
+	Dashed	虛線
+	Dashed Line	虛線
+	Data Recovery	資料復原
+	Data…	資料…
+	Dates	日期
+	Decimal-Justified Tab	小數點對齊定位點
+	Decimal:	小數：
+	Default	預設
+	Default Actions	預設動作
+	Default Figure	預設數字
+	Default Fill and Stroke	預設填色與筆畫
+	Default Fill and Stroke (D)	預設填色與筆畫 (D)
+	Default Language	預設語言
+	Default Printer	預設印表機
+	Default Swatches	預設色票
+	Define Grid…	定義格點…
+	Define Perspective Grid	定義透視格點
+	Define Perspective Grid…	定義透視格點…
+	Delete	刪除
+	Delete All	全部刪除
+	Delete Anchor Point	刪除錨點
+	Delete Anchor Point Tool	刪除錨點工具
+	Delete Artboard	刪除工作區域
+	Delete Artboards	刪除工作區域
+	Delete Brush	刪除筆刷
+	Delete Character Style	刪除字元樣式
+	Delete Empty Artboards	刪除空白工作區域
+	Delete Freeform Point	刪除任意形狀錨點
+	Delete Graphic Style	刪除繪圖樣式
+	Delete Graphic Style (Alt-click: without asking)	刪除繪圖樣式 (Alt+點擊：不詢問)
+	Delete Layer	刪除圖層
+	Delete Mesh Point	刪除網格點
+	Delete Paragraph Style	刪除段落樣式
+	Delete Pattern	刪除圖樣
+	Delete PDF Preset	刪除 PDF 預設集
+	Delete Perspective Grid Preset	刪除透視格點預設集
+	Delete Point	刪除點
+	Delete Preset	刪除預設集
+	Delete Print Preset	刪除列印預設集
+	Delete Profile	刪除描述檔
+	Delete Save for Web Preset	刪除儲存為網頁用預設集
+	Delete Selected Item	刪除所選項目
+	Delete Selection	刪除選取範圍
+	Delete Slices	刪除切片
+	Delete Spine Point	刪除脊線點
+	Delete Stop	刪除色標
+	Delete Swatch	刪除色票
+	Delete Symbol	刪除符號
+	Delete Tab	刪除定位點
+	Delete the graphic style “{name}”?	要刪除繪圖樣式「{name}」嗎？
+	Delete Theme	刪除主題
+	Delete theme	刪除主題
+	Delete these {count} swatches and groups?	要刪除這 {count} 個色票和群組嗎？
+	Delete these {n} graphic styles?	要刪除這 {n} 個繪圖樣式嗎？
+	Delete this saved preset	刪除此已儲存的預設集
+	Delete this {n} graphic style?	要刪除這 {n} 個繪圖樣式嗎？
+	Delete Transparency Flattener Preset	刪除透明度平面化預設集
+	Delete Width Point	刪除寬度點
+	Delete Workspace	刪除工作區
+	Delete {kind} Style	刪除{kind}樣式
+	Delete “{name}”?	要刪除「{name}」嗎？
+	Depth:	深度：
+	Description	描述
+	Description:	說明：
+	Deselect	取消選取
+	Design…	設計…
+	Destination:	目的地：
+	Detail:	細節：
+	Devices	裝置
+	Dialog	對話方塊
+	Diamond	菱形
+	Difference	差異化
+	Differences from {preset}:	與{preset}的差異：
+	Dim Copies to:	將拷貝調暗至：
+	Dimensions	尺寸
+	Direct Selection Tool	直接選取工具
+	Direction Handles	控制把手
+	Disable Auto Add/Delete	停用自動增加/刪除
+	Disable Opacity Mask	停用不透明度遮色片
+	Discard	捨棄
+	Discard Empty Type	捨棄空白文字
+	Discard Recovered Documents	捨棄已復原的文件
+	Discard White Overprint in Output	輸出時捨棄白色疊印
+	Discarded {} recovered document(s)	已捨棄 {} 份復原的文件
+	Discord	Discord
+	Discretionary Hyphen	選擇性連字號
+	Discretionary Ligatures	任意連字
+	Display All Blacks Accurately	精確顯示所有黑色
+	Display All Blacks as Rich Black	將所有黑色顯示為濃黑
+	Display Bitmaps as Anti-aliased Images in Pixel Preview	在像素預視中將點陣圖顯示為消除鋸齒的影像
+	Display Options	顯示選項
+	Display Print Size at 100% Zoom	以 100% 縮放顯示列印尺寸
+	Distort & Transform	扭曲與變形
+	Distort Appearance	扭曲外觀
+	Distort Linear Gradients	扭曲線性漸層
+	Distort Pattern Fills	扭曲圖樣填色
+	Distortion	扭曲
+	Distribute	均分
+	Distribute Objects:	均分物件：
+	Distribute Spacing	均分間距
+	Distribute Spacing:	均分間距：
+	Dither:	仿色：
+	Divide	分割
+	Divide Horizontally Into	水平分割為
+	Divide Objects Below	分割下方物件
+	Divide Slices	分割切片
+	Divide Slices…	分割切片…
+	Divide Vertically Into	垂直分割為
+	Do Not Move	不移動
+	Do you want to save the changes you made to “{name}”?	要儲存對「{name}」所做的變更嗎？
+	Document	文件
+	Document Color Mode	文件色彩模式
+	Document Info	文件資訊
+	Document Ink Options	文件油墨選項
+	Document JSON	文件 JSON
+	Document open password	文件開啟密碼
+	Document profile	文件描述檔
+	Document Raster Effects Settings	文件點陣效果設定
+	Document Raster Effects Settings Dialog	文件點陣效果設定對話框
+	Document Raster Effects Settings…	文件點陣效果設定…
+	Document Setup	文件設定
+	Document Setup…	文件設定…
+	Document Swatches	文件色票
+	Document Title:	文件標題：
+	Documents you create appear here.	您建立的文件會顯示在這裡。
+	Don't Save	不儲存
+	Don't Show Center	不顯示中心點
+	Done	完成
+	Dots	點
+	Double Click To Isolate	按兩下以隔離
+	Double Left Quotation Marks	左雙引號
+	Double Quotes:	雙引號：
+	Double Right Quotation Marks	右雙引號
+	Double-click	按兩下
+	Double-click to edit the characters' paint	按兩下以編輯字元的上色
+	Double-click to insert	按兩下以插入
+	Double-click to rename	按兩下以重新命名
+	Double-click to target the contents	按兩下以指定內容
+	Download	下載
+	Download:	下載：
+	Downloaded {what}	已下載 {what}
+	Downloaded {} file(s)	已下載 {} 個檔案
+	Drag	拖曳
+	Drag a handle	拖曳控制把手
+	Drag art here, or select it and click +. Hold Alt for one asset of several objects.	將圖稿拖曳到這裡，或選取後按一下 +。按住 Alt 可將多個物件合為一個資產。
+	Drag onto art to apply this appearance	拖曳到圖稿上以套用此外觀
+	Drag the art to move it on the paper	拖曳圖稿以在紙張上移動
+	Draw	繪製
+	Draw Behind	背後繪圖
+	Draw in Perspective	在透視中繪製
+	Draw Inside	內部繪圖
+	Draw Normal	正常繪圖
+	Draw:	繪製：
+	Drawing Mode	繪圖模式
+	Drop Shadow	製作陰影
+	Drop Shadow…	陰影…
+	Duotone Gradients	雙色調漸層
+	Duplicate	製作複本
+	Duplicate and Offset 10 pt	製作複本並位移 10 pt
+	Duplicate Artboard	製作工作區域複本
+	Duplicate Artboards	製作工作區域複本
+	Duplicate Brush	製作筆刷複本
+	Duplicate Character Style	製作字元樣式複本
+	Duplicate Effect	製作效果複本
+	Duplicate Graphic Style	製作繪圖樣式複本
+	Duplicate Item	製作項目複本
+	Duplicate Layer	製作圖層複本
+	Duplicate Paragraph Style	製作段落樣式複本
+	Duplicate Selected Item	製作所選項目的複本
+	Duplicate Slice	製作切片複本
+	Duplicate Swatch	製作色票複本
+	Duplicate Symbol	製作符號複本
+	Duplicate {kind} Style	製作{kind}樣式的複本
+	Dutch	荷蘭文
+	DXF Import Options	DXF 匯入選項
+	DXF Info	DXF 資訊
+	DXF Options	DXF 選項
+	DXF Options Dialog	DXF 選項對話框
+	e.g. 1-3, 5	例如 1-3, 5
+	Each page prints as one image, at the document's raster effects resolution.	每頁會以文件的點陣效果解析度列印為單一影像。
+	Earth Tones	大地色系
+	East Asian Type	東亞文字
+	Edit	編輯
+	Edit Artboards	編輯工作區域
+	Edit Clipping Path	編輯剪裁路徑
+	Edit Color Group	編輯顏色群組
+	Edit Colors	編輯顏色
+	Edit Contents	編輯內容
+	Edit Custom Dictionary…	編輯自訂字典…
+	Edit Envelope	編輯封套
+	Edit Freeform Point	編輯任意形狀錨點
+	Edit Gradient	編輯漸層
+	Edit Opacity Mask	編輯不透明度遮色片
+	Edit or Apply Color Group	編輯或套用顏色群組
+	Edit or Apply Color Group…	編輯或套用顏色群組…
+	Edit or Apply Colors	編輯或套用顏色
+	Edit Original	編輯原稿
+	Edit Pattern	編輯圖樣
+	Edit PDF Preset	編輯 PDF 預設集
+	Edit Print Preset	編輯列印預設集
+	Edit Selection…	編輯選取範圍…
+	Edit Symbol	編輯符號
+	Edit Text	編輯文字
+	Edit the applied effect, or add another one?	要編輯已套用的效果，還是新增另一個？
+	Edit the selected point's colour in the Color panel	在顏色面板中編輯所選點的顏色
+	Edit the stop	編輯色標
+	Edit Theme	編輯主題
+	Edit theme	編輯主題
+	Edit Toolbar	編輯工具列
+	Edit Views	編輯檢視
+	Edit Views…	編輯檢視…
+	Edit…	編輯…
+	Effect	效果
+	Effect Options	效果選項
+	Effective PPI	有效 PPI
+	Effects	效果
+	Effect…	效果…
+	Ellipse	橢圓形
+	Ellipse Tool	橢圓工具
+	Ellipse…	橢圓形…
+	Ellipsis	刪節號
+	Em Dash	長破折號
+	Em Space	全形空格
+	Embed	嵌入
+	Embed Fonts (for other applications)	內嵌字體 (供其他應用程式使用)
+	Embed Fonts (Glyphs Used)	內嵌字體 (使用的字符)
+	Embed ICC Profile	內嵌 ICC 描述檔
+	Embed ICC Profiles	內嵌 ICC 描述檔
+	Embed Image	內嵌影像
+	Embed Image(s)	內嵌影像
+	Embed page thumbnails	嵌入頁面縮圖
+	Embedded	已內嵌
+	Embedded Image	嵌入的影像
+	Embedded {n} image(s)	已嵌入 {n} 張影像
+	Embedded {n} image(s); {missing} missing: relink them first	已嵌入 {n} 張影像；{missing} 張遺失：請先重新連結
+	Emulsion:	藥膜：
+	En Dash	短破折號
+	En Space	半形空格
+	Enable Background Export	啟用背景匯出
+	Enable Background Save	啟用背景儲存
+	Enable Contextual Task Bar	啟用快捷工作列
+	Enable copying of text, images and other content	啟用複製文字、影像與其他內容
+	Enable in-menu font previews	啟用選單內字體預覽
+	Enable Missing Glyph Protection	啟用遺失字符保護
+	Enable Opacity Mask	啟用不透明度遮色片
+	Enable plaintext metadata	啟用純文字中繼資料
+	Enable Rubber Band for	啟用橡皮筋預覽，適用於
+	Enable text access for screen readers	啟用螢幕閱讀器的文字存取
+	Enable Touch Gestures	啟用觸控手勢
+	Enable Touch Workspace	啟用觸控工作區
+	Encoding	編碼
+	Encoding:	編碼：
+	Encryption: {name} (set by Compatibility)	加密：{name} (由相容性設定)
+	End arrowhead	結尾箭頭
+	English	English
+	English: UK	英文：英國
+	English: USA	英文：美國
+	Enter	Enter
+	Enter Isolation Mode	進入隔離模式
+	Entire Font	整個字體
+	Envelope Distort	封套扭曲
+	Envelope Info	封套資訊
+	Envelope Mesh	封套網格
+	Envelope Options	封套選項
+	Envelope Options…	封套選項…
+	EPS Options	EPS 選項
+	EPS Options Dialog	EPS 選項對話框
+	Eraser	橡皮擦
+	Eraser Tool	橡皮擦工具
+	Error	錯誤
+	Esc	Esc
+	Essentials	基本功能
+	Essentials Classic	基本功能 經典
+	Every (minutes)	每隔 (分鐘)
+	Every option is at its default.	所有選項皆為預設值。
+	Every option matches {base}.	所有選項皆與{base}相同。
+	Every-line Composer	逐行排版程式
+	Exact dash lengths	精確虛線長度
+	Exceptions (comma separated)	例外 (以逗號分隔)
+	Exclude	差集
+	Exclusion	排除
+	Exit Isolation Mode	結束隔離模式
+	Expand	展開
+	Expand Appearance	展開外觀
+	Expand applies to compound shapes (Alt-click a shape mode) — on the roadmap	展開適用於複合形狀 (按住 Alt 按一下形狀模式)，已列入開發計畫
+	Expand Brush Strokes	展開筆刷筆畫
+	Expand Compound Shape	展開複合形狀
+	Expand Gradient Mesh	展開漸層網格
+	Expand Gradient To	展開漸層為
+	Expand Options	展開選項
+	Expand Repeat	展開重複
+	Expand Shape	展開形狀
+	Expand:	展開：
+	Expand…	展開…
+	Export	匯出
+	Export All…	全部匯出…
+	Export and Clipboard Transparency Flattener Settings	匯出與剪貼簿透明度平面化設定
+	Export Artboard	匯出工作區域
+	Export As	匯出為
+	Export As PNG…	匯出為 PNG…
+	Export As SVG…	匯出為 SVG…
+	Export Asset	匯出資產
+	Export Assets	匯出資產
+	Export As…	匯出為…
+	Export CSS	匯出 CSS
+	Export CSS…	匯出 CSS…
+	Export Document	匯出文件
+	Export DXF	匯出 DXF
+	Export EPS	匯出 EPS
+	Export for Screens	匯出為螢幕適用
+	Export for Screens Settings	匯出為螢幕適用設定
+	Export for Screens…	匯出為螢幕適用…
+	Export Keyboard Shortcuts…	匯出鍵盤快速鍵…
+	Export Option	匯出選項
+	Export PDF	匯出 PDF
+	Export PDF Presets	匯出 PDF 預設集
+	Export Perspective Grid Presets	匯出透視格點預設集
+	Export Print Presets	匯出列印預設集
+	Export Selected Art Only	僅匯出選取的圖稿
+	Export Selected CSS…	匯出選取的 CSS…
+	Export Selection…	匯出選取範圍…
+	Export Settings	匯出設定
+	Export the selected assets (else all of them)	匯出選取的資產 (未選取時匯出全部)
+	Export to:	匯出至：
+	Export Transparency Flattener Presets	匯出透明度平面化預設集
+	Export {count} Selected	匯出 {count} 個選取項目
+	Export:	匯出：
+	Exported {count} file(s) to {folder}	已匯出 {count} 個檔案至 {folder}
+	Exported {path}	已匯出 {path}
+	Exported {what}	已匯出 {what}
+	Exported {what} with {} note(s): {first}	已匯出 {what}，附 {} 則附註：{first}
+	Exporting {}	正在匯出 {}
+	Export…	匯出…
+	Extrude & Bevel…	突出與斜角…
+	Eyedropper	滴管
+	Eyedropper Applies:	滴管套用：
+	Eyedropper Options	滴管選項
+	Eyedropper Picks Up:	滴管擷取：
+	Eyedropper Tool	滴管工具
+	Eyedropper: click the art to sample the stop's colour	滴管：點擊圖稿以取樣色標的顏色
+	Feather…	羽化…
+	Feet	英呎
+	Feet & Inches	英呎與英吋
+	Fewer <tspan> Elements	減少 <tspan> 元素
+	Fidelity:	精確度：
+	Figure Space	數字空格
+	Figure:	數字：
+	File	檔案
+	File Dimensions	檔案尺寸
+	File Format:	檔案格式：
+	File Formats	檔案格式
+	File Handling	檔案處理
+	File Info	檔案資訊
+	File Info Dialog	檔案資訊對話框
+	File Info…	檔案資訊…
+	File Name:	檔案名稱：
+	File › Place… brings in an image, linked or embedded.	檔案 › 置入… 可置入影像，可選擇連結或內嵌。
+	Files	檔案
+	Files of a PDF standard can't be password-protected.	PDF 標準的檔案無法設定密碼保護。
+	Files of this standard tag their colours with ICC profiles.	此標準的檔案會以 ICC 描述檔標記顏色。
+	Fill	填色
+	Fill & Stroke	填色與筆畫
+	Fill (X), double-click for the Color Picker	填色 (X)，按兩下開啟檢色器
+	Fill and Stroke	填色與筆畫
+	Fill Color	填色顏色
+	Fill New Type Objects With Placeholder Text	以預留位置文字填滿新文字物件
+	Fill Rule	填色規則
+	Fill with Placeholder Text	以預留位置文字填滿
+	Fill:	填色：
+	Fill: click for swatches, Shift-click for the color mixer	填色：按一下開啟色票，按住 Shift 按一下開啟混色器
+	Find	尋找
+	Find and Replace…	尋找與取代…
+	Find Font	尋找字體
+	Find Font…	尋找字體…
+	Find Next	尋找下一個
+	First Page	第一頁
+	First-line Left Indent	首行左縮排
+	Fisheye…	魚眼…
+	Fish…	魚形…
+	Fit All	符合全部
+	Fit All in Window	全部符合視窗
+	Fit Artboard in Window	使工作區域符合視窗
+	Fit dashes to corners and ends	讓虛線貼合轉角與端點
+	Fit Headline	符合標題
+	Fit in View	符合檢視
+	Fit in Window	符合視窗
+	Fit on Screen	顯示全頁
+	Fit to Artwork Bounds	符合圖稿邊界
+	Fit to Selected Art	符合選取的圖稿
+	Flag…	旗形…
+	Flare	光暈
+	Flare Tool	光暈工具
+	Flare Tool Options	光暈工具選項
+	Flat Image	平面影像
+	Flatness:	平滑度：
+	Flatten Transparency	透明度平面化
+	Flatten Transparency…	透明度平面化…
+	Flattener preset:	平面化預設集：
+	Flattener presets	平面化預設集
+	Flattener Preview	平面化預視
+	Flip Across	跨軸翻轉
+	Flip Along	沿軸翻轉
+	Flip Along Horizontal Axis	沿水平軸翻轉
+	Flip Along Vertical Axis	沿垂直軸翻轉
+	Flip Horizontal	水平翻轉
+	Flip Row Order	反轉列順序
+	Flip Vertical	垂直翻轉
+	Float in Window	在視窗中浮動
+	Focal Fill	焦點填色
+	Focal Stroke	焦點筆畫
+	Folder	資料夾
+	Folder Name:	資料夾名稱：
+	Font	字體
+	Font Family	字體家族
+	Font Family & Style	字體家族與樣式
+	Font Family, Style & Size	字體家族、樣式與大小
+	Font List	字體清單
+	Font Preview Size	字體預覽大小
+	Font Size	字體大小
+	Font:	字體：
+	Fonts	字體
+	Fonts in Document	文件中的字體
+	Fonts in Document: {count}	文件中的字體：{count}
+	Fonts whose licence doesn't allow embedding are not copied.	授權不允許嵌入的字體不會複製。
+	Forced Line Break	強制換行
+	Format	格式
+	Format Options	格式選項
+	Format Settings	格式設定
+	Format:	格式：
+	Formats:	格式：
+	Fractional Widths	小數字寬
+	Fractions	分數
+	Free	自由
+	Free Distort	隨意扭曲
+	Free Distort…	隨意扭曲…
+	Free Transform Tool	任意變形工具
+	Freeform Gradient	任意形狀漸層
+	French	法文
+	Frequencies and angles are the output device's to apply.	頻率與角度由輸出裝置負責套用。
+	Frequency	頻率
+	Full Document	完整文件
+	Full Screen Mode	全螢幕模式
+	Full Screen Mode with Menu Bar	含選單列的全螢幕模式
+	Gamma	Gamma
+	Gamut Check	色域檢查
+	Gamut Warning	色域警告
+	gap	間隙
+	Gap Options…	間隙選項…
+	Gaussian Blur…	高斯模糊…
+	General	一般
+	General › Placement › X	一般 › 位置 › X
+	General › Thumbnails	一般 › 縮圖
+	Generate CSS	產生 CSS
+	Generate CSS: the whole document's CSS while nothing is selected	產生 CSS：未選取任何物件時，產生整份文件的 CSS
+	German	德文
+	Get Preferences	取得偏好設定
+	Get Text Range	取得文字範圍
+	Global	全域
+	Global Brush Dimensions	整體筆刷尺寸
+	Global Process Color	整體印刷色
+	Global Process Color, CMYK	整體印刷色，CMYK
+	glyph {id}	字符 {id}
+	Glyphs	字符
+	Go To Link	前往連結
+	GPL palettes keep solid colours only, as RGB.	GPL 調色盤僅保留純色，並以 RGB 儲存。
+	GPU Performance	GPU 效能
+	Gradient	漸層
+	Gradient (.)	漸層 (.)
+	Gradient across stroke	橫跨筆畫的漸層
+	Gradient along stroke	沿筆畫的漸層
+	Gradient and Mesh Resolution:	漸層與網格解析度：
+	Gradient Fill: click to apply, drag onto art	漸層填色：點擊以套用，或拖曳到圖稿上
+	Gradient Finishes	漸層質感
+	Gradient Mesh	漸層網格
+	Gradient swatches	漸層色票
+	Gradient Tool	漸層工具
+	Gradient Vector	漸層向量
+	Gradient within stroke	筆畫內的漸層
+	Gradients	漸層
+	Graph	圖表
+	Graph Data	圖表資料
+	Graph Type	圖表類型
+	Graphic Style	繪圖樣式
+	Graphic Style Libraries	繪圖樣式資料庫
+	Graphic Style Libraries Menu	繪圖樣式資料庫選單
+	Graphic Style Library	繪圖樣式資料庫
+	Graphic Style Options	繪圖樣式選項
+	Graphic Style Options…	繪圖樣式選項…
+	Graphic Styles	繪圖樣式
+	Graphic Styles Options	繪圖樣式選項
+	Graphics	圖形
+	Gravity	重力
+	Grays	灰色
+	Grays and Neutrals	灰色與中性色
+	Grayscale	灰階
+	Grayscale images	灰階影像
+	Greek & Cyrillic	希臘文與西里爾文
+	Green	綠
+	Grid	格點
+	Grid Color & Opacity	格點顏色與不透明度
+	Grid Colors:	格點顏色：
+	Grid Size:	格點大小：
+	Gridline every	格線間隔
+	Gridline every:	格線間隔：
+	Grids In Back	格點置於後方
+	Group	群組
+	Group Selection Tool	群組選取工具
+	Guides	參考線
+	Guides & Grid	參考線與格點
+	H Spacing:	水平間距：
+	H:	高：
+	Hair Space	極細空格
+	Hand Tool	手形工具
+	Hand-Drawn	手繪
+	Handles	控制把手
+	Hard Light	實光
+	Harmony Rules:	色彩調和規則：
+	Harmony Sets	色彩調和組
+	Height	高度
+	Height:	高度：
+	Help	說明
+	Help › Search Commands…	說明 › 搜尋指令…
+	Hex by Column	六角形 (依欄)
+	Hex by Row	六角形 (依列)
+	Hide	隱藏
+	Hide Artboards	隱藏工作區域
+	Hide Bounding Box	隱藏邊框
+	Hide Code	隱藏程式碼
+	Hide Contextual Task Bar	隱藏快捷工作列
+	Hide Corner Widget	隱藏轉角 Widget
+	Hide Corner Widget for angles greater than	角度大於以下數值時隱藏轉角 Widget
+	Hide Edges	隱藏邊緣
+	Hide Gradient Annotator	隱藏漸層註解者
+	Hide Grid	隱藏格點
+	Hide Guides	隱藏參考線
+	Hide Hidden Characters	隱藏隱藏字元
+	Hide Note	隱藏註解
+	Hide Options	隱藏選項
+	Hide Print Tiling	隱藏列印分頁
+	Hide Rulers	隱藏尺標
+	Hide Slices	隱藏切片
+	Hide Text Threads	隱藏文字串連
+	Hide Thumbnail	隱藏縮圖
+	Hide Thumbnails	隱藏縮圖
+	Hide Transparency Grid	隱藏透明度格點
+	High	高
+	High (300 ppi)	高 (300 ppi)
+	Highlight Alternate Glyphs	醒目提示替代字符
+	Highlight anchors on mouse over	滑鼠移過時醒目提示錨點
+	Highlight Substituted Fonts	醒目提示被取代的字體
+	Highlight Substituted Glyphs	醒目提示被取代的字符
+	History	步驟記錄
+	History Options…	步驟記錄選項…
+	History States	步驟記錄狀態
+	Hollow	空心
+	Home	首頁
+	Horizon Height:	地平線高度：
+	Horizontal	水平
+	Horizontal %	水平 %
+	Horizontal Align Center	水平置中對齊
+	Horizontal Align Left	水平靠左對齊
+	Horizontal Align Right	水平靠右對齊
+	Horizontal Distribute Center	水平均分中心
+	Horizontal Distribute Left	水平均分左緣
+	Horizontal Distribute Right	水平均分右緣
+	Horizontal Distribute Space	水平均分間距
+	Horizontal Grid:	水平格點：
+	Horizontal Plane	水平面
+	Horizontal Scale %	水平縮放 %
+	Horizontal:	水平：
+	How colours outside the press's gamut are separated.	印刷機色域以外的顏色如何分色。
+	Hue	色相
+	Hue/Saturation…	色相/飽和度…
+	Hyphenate	使用連字號
+	Hyphenation	連字號
+	Hyphenation…	連字號…
+	ICC Profile	ICC 描述檔
+	Identify Objects By	識別物件依據
+	Ignore	略過
+	Ignore Artboards (all the art as one page)	忽略工作區域 (所有圖稿視為單一頁面)
+	Ignore White	忽略白色
+	Image	影像
+	Image Info	影像資訊
+	Image Map:	影像地圖：
+	Image Size	影像尺寸
+	Image Trace	影像描圖
+	Image Trace Presets	影像描圖預設集
+	Image:	影像：
+	Images:	影像：
+	Import Keyboard Shortcuts…	匯入鍵盤快速鍵…
+	Import PDF	匯入 PDF
+	Import PDF Presets	匯入 PDF 預設集
+	Import Perspective Grid Presets	匯入透視格點預設集
+	Import Print Presets	匯入列印預設集
+	Import Transparency Flattener Presets	匯入透明度平面化預設集
+	Imported {what}: {}	已匯入 {what}：{}
+	Import…	匯入…
+	In Tangent Handles	內側切線控制把手
+	In the selected objects	在選取的物件中
+	Inches	英吋
+	Include Blacks with CMY:	包含 CMY 的黑色：
+	Include Bleed	包含出血
+	Include Cmy Blacks	包含 CMY 黑色
+	Include CMYK PostScript in RGB Files	在 RGB 檔案中包含 CMYK PostScript
+	Include Document Thumbnails	包含文件縮圖
+	Include Hidden Layers	包含隱藏圖層
+	Include Linked Files	包含連結檔案
+	Include Metadata	包含中繼資料
+	Include non-printing layers	包含不列印的圖層
+	Include SVG Code	包含 SVG 程式碼
+	Include Swatches for Tints	包含色調的色票
+	Inflate…	膨脹…
+	Info	資訊
+	Ink	油墨
+	Inner Glow…	內光暈…
+	Input Black	輸入黑色
+	Input White	輸入白色
+	Insert Break Character	插入分行字元
+	Insert Character	插入字元
+	Insert Special Character	插入特殊字元
+	Insert Whitespace Character	插入空白字元
+	Inspect Document	檢查文件
+	Inspect Object	檢查物件
+	Install Plug-in	安裝增效模組
+	Install Plug-in…	安裝增效模組…
+	Installed plug-in {}	已安裝增效模組 {}
+	Intensity:	強度：
+	Intent:	目的：
+	Interlaced	交錯
+	Internal CSS	內部 CSS
+	Internet Standard RGB (sRGB)	網際網路標準 RGB (sRGB)
+	Intersect	交集
+	Inverse	反轉
+	Invert	反轉
+	Invert Colors	反轉顏色
+	Invert Mask	反轉遮色片
+	Isolate	隔離
+	Isolate Blending	隔離混合
+	Isolate Group	隔離群組
+	Italian	義大利文
+	Join	連接
+	Join Our Discord	加入我們的 Discord
+	Join our Discord	加入我們的 Discord
+	Join the ArtCraft community on Discord (discord.gg/artcraft)	加入 Discord 上的 ArtCraft 社群 (discord.gg/artcraft)
+	Join the lines of each paragraph	合併每個段落的各行
+	Join Tool	連接工具
+	Justification…	對齊設定…
+	Justify all lines	兩端對齊所有行
+	Justify with last line aligned center	兩端對齊，最後一行置中
+	Justify with last line aligned left	兩端對齊，最後一行靠左
+	Justify with last line aligned right	兩端對齊，最後一行靠右
+	Keep a link to an image file instead of only embedding it	保留影像檔案的連結，而不只是嵌入
+	Keep both sides the same width	保持兩側寬度相同
+	Keep Formatting	保留格式
+	Keep Original	保留原稿
+	Keep Plain Text	保留純文字
+	Keep the pasted color as a new swatch with a numbered name.	將貼上的顏色保留為新色票，並以編號命名。
+	Keep this row's colors (exclude)	保留此列的顏色 (排除)
+	Keep:	保留：
+	Kerning (0 = Auto)	字距微調 (0 = 自動)
+	Keyboard Increment	鍵盤增量
+	Keyboard Shortcut Conflicts	鍵盤快速鍵衝突
+	Keyboard Shortcut Set	鍵盤快速鍵組
+	Keyboard Shortcuts…	鍵盤快速鍵…
+	Keywords:	關鍵字：
+	Knife	美工刀
+	Knockout Group	去底群組
+	Lab	Lab
+	Lab Spot Colors:	Lab 特別色：
+	Lab Values	Lab 值
+	Landscape	橫向
+	Interface Language	介面語言
+	Language	語言
+	Language Options	語言選項
+	Language:	語言：
+	Large	大
+	Large List View	大型清單檢視
+	Large Tabs	大型頁籤
+	Large Thumbnail View	大縮圖檢視
+	Large Thumbnails	大縮圖
+	Lasso Tool	套索工具
+	Last Effect: {name}	最後一次效果：{name}
+	Last Effect: {}	上次效果：{}
+	Last Effect…	最後一次效果…
+	Last Page	最後一頁
+	Latin Extended	拉丁文擴充
+	Latin-1 Supplement	拉丁文-1 補充
+	Layer	圖層
+	Layer Names	圖層名稱
+	Layer Options…	圖層選項…
+	Layers	圖層
+	Layout	版面配置
+	Layout:	版面配置：
+	Leader:	前導字元：
+	Leading	行距
+	Left	左
+	Left Grid:	左側格點：
+	Left in Front	左側在前
+	Left Indent	左縮排
+	Left Plane	左平面
+	Left-Justified Tab	靠左定位點
+	Left:	左：
+	Legacy Macintosh RGB (Gamma 1.8)	舊版 Macintosh RGB (Gamma 1.8)
+	Legacy vector clipboard	舊版向量剪貼簿
+	Legacy vector clipboard (no transparency)	舊版向量剪貼簿 (無透明度)
+	Less	較少
+	Letter	Letter
+	Levels…	色階…
+	Libraries	資料庫
+	Ligatures are off while the text is tracked.	文字套用字距時，連字功能會關閉。
+	Light	淺色
+	Light Blue	淺藍色
+	Lighten	變亮
+	Lightness	亮度
+	Limit Color Guide to Library	將色彩參考限制於資料庫
+	Limit colors to swatch library	將顏色限制於色票資料庫
+	Limit colors to swatch library: {name}	將顏色限制於色票資料庫：{name}
+	Limit to Library:	限定於資料庫：
+	Limit:	限度：
+	Line	直線
+	Line Art and Text Resolution:	線條圖與文字解析度：
+	Line Breaks	換行
+	Line Color	線條顏色
+	Line Cut	線條切割
+	Line Cut Tool	線條切割工具
+	Line Endings:	換行字元：
+	Line Graph Tool	折線圖工具
+	Line Segment	線段
+	Line Segment Tool	線段工具
+	Line Segment Tool Options	線段工具選項
+	Linear Gradient	線性漸層
+	Lines	直線
+	Lines: clicks add points joined by a line	線條：每次點擊會新增以線連接的點
+	Link	連結
+	Link harmony colors	連結調和顏色
+	Link Info	連結資訊
+	Link Opacity Mask	連結不透明度遮色片
+	Link start and end arrowhead scales	連結起點與終點箭頭的縮放
+	Link the mask	連結遮色片
+	Linked	已連結
+	Linked File	連結檔案
+	Linked File Not Found	找不到連結檔案
+	Links	連結
+	Liquify	液化
+	List Graphic Styles	列出繪圖樣式
+	List Keyboard Shortcuts	列出鍵盤快速鍵
+	List Patterns	列出圖樣
+	List Plug-ins	列出增效模組
+	List Preferences	列出偏好設定
+	List Slices	列出切片
+	List View	清單檢視
+	List Workspaces	列出工作區
+	Live Paint	即時上色
+	Live Paint Bucket	即時上色油漆桶
+	Live Paint Bucket (Stroke)	即時上色油漆桶 (筆畫)
+	Live Paint Info	即時上色資訊
+	Live Paint Selection Tool	即時上色選取工具
+	Live Shape Properties	即時形狀內容
+	Load Color Profile…	載入色彩描述檔…
+	Load Image into Clipboard	將影像載入剪貼簿
+	Load Metafile into Clipboard	將中繼檔載入剪貼簿
+	Load PDF into Clipboard	將 PDF 載入剪貼簿
+	Load Place Cursor	載入置入游標
+	Load Profile…	載入描述檔…
+	Load SVG into Clipboard	將 SVG 載入剪貼簿
+	Load Text into Clipboard	將文字載入剪貼簿
+	Local Libraries	本機資料庫
+	Locate Object	尋找物件
+	Location	位置
+	Location:	位置：
+	Lock	鎖定
+	Lock (⌘2)	鎖定 (⌘2)
+	Lock Grid	鎖定格點
+	Lock Guides	鎖定參考線
+	Lock Slices	鎖定切片
+	Lock Station Point	鎖定基準點
+	Lossless (lossy WebP isn't available yet)	無失真 (尚未提供有失真的 WebP)
+	Lossy:	失真度：
+	Low	低
+	lowercase	全部小寫
+	Luminosity	明度
+	LZW Compression	LZW 壓縮
+	Mac	Mac
+	Magenta	洋紅色
+	Magic Wand	魔術棒
+	Magic Wand Options	魔術棒選項
+	Magic Wand Settings	魔術棒設定
+	Magic Wand Tool	魔術棒工具
+	Maintain Envelope Shape	維持封套形狀
+	Make	製作
+	Make a theme on Create and save it.	按一下「建立」即可製作主題並儲存。
+	Make all bleed settings the same	將所有出血設定設為相同
+	Make and Expand	製作並展開
+	Make and Expand…	製作並展開…
+	Make Clipping Mask	製作剪裁遮色片
+	Make Compound Shape	製作複合形狀
+	Make Envelope	製作封套
+	Make Guides	製作參考線
+	Make Mask	製作遮色片
+	Make Opacity Mask	製作不透明度遮色片
+	Make Pixel Perfect	像素完美化
+	Make the bleed values differ	讓出血值各自不同
+	Make with Mesh…	以網格製作…
+	Make with Top Object	以最上層物件製作
+	Make with Warp…	以彎曲製作…
+	Make/Release Clipping Mask	製作／釋放剪裁遮色片
+	Make…	製作…
+	Manage Workspaces	管理工作區
+	Manage Workspaces…	管理工作區…
+	Manually	手動
+	Mark as trapped	標示為已陷印
+	Mark Older Files as [Converted] When Opened	開啟舊檔時標示為 [已轉換]
+	Marker…	標記…
+	Marks	標記
+	Marks and Bleed	標記與出血
+	Marks and Bleeds	標記與出血
+	Match User Interface Brightness	符合使用者介面亮度
+	Materials…	材質…
+	Matte	邊緣色
+	Matte:	遮色：
+	Maximize	最大化
+	Maximum	最大
+	Maximum Editability	最高可編輯性
+	Measure Tool	測量工具
+	Measurement Labels	測量標籤
+	Media	媒體
+	Medium	中
+	Medium (150 ppi)	中 (150 ppi)
+	Medium Dark	中等深色
+	Medium Light	中等淺色
+	Medium Thumbnail View	中縮圖檢視
+	Medium Thumbnails	中縮圖
+	Menu Dialog	選單對話框
+	Merge	合併
+	Merge colors into one row	將顏色合併為一列
+	Merge Graphic Styles	合併繪圖樣式
+	Merge Graphic Styles…	合併繪圖樣式…
+	Merge Layers	合併圖層
+	Merge Swatches	合併色票
+	Mesh Tool	網格工具
+	Message:	訊息：
+	Metadata:	中繼資料：
+	Metallic Gradients	金屬漸層
+	Meters	公尺
+	Method:	方法：
+	Millimeters	公釐
+	Minify	縮減檔案大小
+	Minimal	最少
+	Minimize	最小化
+	Minus Back	去除後方
+	Minus Front	去除前方
+	Mirror	鏡射
+	Mirror & Cut	鏡射並切割
+	Mirror & Cut Tool	鏡射並切割工具
+	Missing	遺失
+	Missing: {path}	遺失：{path}
+	Miter Join	尖角
+	Miter Limit	尖角限度
+	Miter Limit:	尖角限度：
+	Mixed Appearances	混合外觀
+	Mixed Objects	混雜物件
+	Mode:	模式：
+	Model	模型
+	Modified	已修改
+	Modified since it was read: {path}	讀取後已被修改：{path}
+	Modified:	修改時間：
+	Modify	修改
+	Monitor RGB	顯示器 RGB
+	Mono	單色
+	Monochrome images	單色影像
+	More	更多
+	More Pathfinder options	更多路徑管理員選項
+	More Settings	更多設定
+	Move	移動
+	Move All Objects	移動所有物件
+	Move Anchors	移動錨點
+	Move Appearance	移動外觀
+	Move Artboard	移動工作區域
+	Move Artboard Up/Down	上移／下移工作區域
+	Move Direction Handle	移動控制把手
+	Move Down	下移
+	Move Effect	移動效果
+	Move Envelope Mesh Point	移動封套網格點
+	Move Graphic Style	移動繪圖樣式
+	Move Guide	移動參考線
+	Move in Perspective	在透視中移動
+	Move Locked and Hidden Artwork with Artboard	移動工作區域時一併移動鎖定與隱藏的圖稿
+	Move Mesh Point	移動網格點
+	Move Plane	移動平面
+	Move Plane to Match Object	移動平面以符合物件
+	Move Slices	移動切片
+	Move Spine Point	移動脊線點
+	Move Swatch	移動色票
+	Move Up	上移
+	Move…	移動…
+	Multiply	色彩增值
+	My Themes	我的主題
+	N pt per	每 N pt
+	N slices …, evenly spaced	N 個切片…，等距分佈
+	Name	名稱
+	Name 40%	名稱 40%
+	Name* @ 66.67 % (RGB/Preview)	名稱* @ 66.67 % (RGB/預覽)
+	Name* @ 66.67% (RGB/Preview)	名稱* @ 66.67% (RGB/預覽)
+	Name:	名稱：
+	Navigate	導覽
+	Navigator	導覽器
+	Needs the desktop app	需要桌面版應用程式
+	Neutral Gradients	中性漸層
+	New	新增
+	New Art Appearance	新增圖稿外觀
+	New Art Brush from Selection	從選取範圍新增藝術筆刷
+	New Art Has Basic Appearance	新圖稿具有基本外觀
+	New Artboard	新增工作區域
+	New Bristle Brush	新增鬃毛筆刷
+	New Brush…	新增筆刷…
+	New Calligraphic Brush	新增書法筆刷
+	New Character Style	新增字元樣式
+	New Color Group	新增顏色群組
+	New Color Group…	新增顏色群組…
+	New Document Presets	新增文件預設集
+	New file	新增檔案
+	New from Template	從範本新增
+	New from Template…	從範本新增…
+	New Graphic Style	新增繪圖樣式
+	New Graphic Style (Alt-click to name it)	新增繪圖樣式 (Alt+點擊可命名)
+	New Graphic Style…	新增繪圖樣式…
+	New Layer…	新增圖層…
+	New Opacity Masks Are Clipping	新的不透明度遮色片為剪裁
+	New Opacity Masks Are Inverted	新的不透明度遮色片為反轉
+	New Paragraph Style	新增段落樣式
+	New Pattern Brush from Selection	從選取範圍新增圖樣筆刷
+	New PDF Preset	新增 PDF 預設集
+	New Print Preset	新增列印預設集
+	New Scatter Brush from Selection	從選取範圍新增散布筆刷
+	New Sublayer…	新增子圖層…
+	New Swatch	新增色票
+	New Swatch…	新增色票…
+	New Symbol	新增符號
+	New Symbol…	新增符號…
+	New theme from the current color	以目前顏色新增主題
+	New View	新增檢視
+	New View…	新增檢視…
+	New Window	新增視窗
+	New Workspace	新增工作區
+	New Workspace…	新增工作區…
+	New {kind} Style…	新增{kind}樣式…
+	New…	新增…
+	Next	下一個
+	Next Library	下一個資料庫
+	Next Object Above	上方的下一個物件
+	Next Object Below	下方的下一個物件
+	Next Page	下一頁
+	Next page	下一頁
+	No actions. Press ● to record.	沒有動作。按 ● 開始錄製。
+	No assets	沒有資產
+	No assets yet. Collect art with Object › Collect for Export, or drag it into the Asset Export panel.	尚無資產。請使用「物件 › 收集以供匯出」收集圖稿，或將圖稿拖曳到資產匯出面板。
+	No Break	不斷行
+	No brushes	沒有筆刷
+	No colors to recolor (preserved colors are left out).	沒有可重新上色的顏色 (已保留的顏色不計入)。
+	No CSS	無 CSS
+	No document	無文件
+	No Document	無文件
+	No document open	沒有開啟的文件
+	No document open.	沒有開啟的文件。
+	No filter plug-ins installed	未安裝濾鏡增效模組
+	No fonts are available.	沒有可用的字體。
+	No gradient swatches	沒有漸層色票
+	No graphic styles	沒有繪圖樣式
+	No images	沒有影像
+	No matches.	沒有相符項目。
+	No matching fonts	沒有相符的字體
+	No options	沒有選項
+	No printer settings to open here	此處沒有可開啟的印表機設定
+	No saved themes	沒有已儲存的主題
+	No saved views (View → New View…)	沒有已儲存的檢視 (檢視 → 新增檢視…)
+	No Selection	未選取
+	No selection	未選取
+	No symbols in this document	此文件中沒有符號
+	No text selected	未選取文字
+	No Thumbnails	無縮圖
+	Noise	雜訊
+	Nonbreaking Hyphen	不斷行連字號
+	Nonbreaking Space	不斷行空格
+	None	無
+	None (/)	無 (/)
+	None (keep transparency)	無 (保留透明度)
+	None.	無。
+	Normal	正常
+	Normal Screen Mode	正常螢幕模式
+	Note:	註解：
+	Nothing matches the Show filter.	沒有項目符合「顯示」篩選條件。
+	Nothing to print	沒有可列印的內容
+	Nudge	微移
+	Nudge in Perspective	在透視中微移
+	Number of Artboards:	工作區域數量：
+	Number of Colors:	顏色數量：
+	Number of Recent Files to Display	最近使用檔案的顯示數量
+	Number of Recent Fonts	最近使用字體的數量
+	Numbers Without Units Are Points	無單位的數字視為 pt
+	Object	物件
+	Object Highlighting	物件醒目提示
+	Object IDs:	物件 ID：
+	Object Name	物件名稱
+	Object Properties	物件內容
+	Object Selection by Path Only	僅依路徑選取物件
+	Objects	物件
+	Objects using them keep their look but are no longer linked.	使用它們的物件會保持外觀，但不再連結。
+	of characters used	使用的字元
+	of {count}	共 {count}
+	Off	關
+	Offset Path	位移複製
+	Offset Path…	位移複製…
+	Offset X	X 位移
+	Offset:	位移：
+	OK	確定
+	On	開
+	On Copy	複製時
+	On Paste	貼上時
+	On Screen	螢幕上
+	One file per artboard: <name>-<artboard>.{ext}	每個工作區域一個檔案：<name>-<artboard>.{ext}
+	One page per artboard.	每個工作區域一頁。
+	One Point	一點
+	One Point Perspective	一點透視
+	One Point Perspective Preset 1	一點透視預設集 1
+	One Point Perspective Preset 2	一點透視預設集 2
+	One Point Perspective Preset 3	一點透視預設集 3
+	One Point Perspective Preset 4	一點透視預設集 4
+	One Point Perspective Preset 5	一點透視預設集 5
+	Only Web Colors	僅限網頁色彩
+	Opacity	不透明度
+	Opacity & Mask Define Knockout Shape	不透明度與遮色片定義挖空形狀
+	Opacity Mask	不透明度遮色片
+	Opacity Mask Info	不透明度遮色片資訊
+	Opacity Mask Options	不透明度遮色片選項
+	Opacity:	不透明度：
+	Opacity: 50% Multiply	不透明度：50% 色彩增值
+	Opacity: Default	不透明度：預設
+	Opacity: {value}	不透明度：{value}
+	Opaque	不透明
+	Open	開啟
+	Open a document to edit its patterns.	開啟文件以編輯其圖樣。
+	Open a document to navigate it.	開啟文件以進行導覽。
+	Open a document to preview its flattening.	開啟文件以預覽其平面化結果。
+	Open a document to preview its pages	開啟文件即可預覽其頁面
+	Open a document to see its artboards.	開啟文件以檢視其工作區域。
+	Open a document to see its graphic styles.	開啟文件即可檢視其繪圖樣式。
+	Open a document to see its history.	開啟文件以檢視其步驟記錄。
+	Open a document to see its swatches.	開啟文件以檢視其色票。
+	Open Document	開啟文件
+	Open Documents As Tabs	以分頁開啟文件
+	Open Graphic Style Library	開啟繪圖樣式資料庫
+	Open Location after Export	匯出後開啟位置
+	Open password:	開啟密碼：
+	Open Paths	開放路徑
+	Open Recent File 1	開啟最近使用的檔案 1
+	Open Recent File 10	開啟最近使用的檔案 10
+	Open Recent File 11	開啟最近使用的檔案 11
+	Open Recent File 12	開啟最近使用的檔案 12
+	Open Recent File 13	開啟最近使用的檔案 13
+	Open Recent File 14	開啟最近使用的檔案 14
+	Open Recent File 15	開啟最近使用的檔案 15
+	Open Recent File 16	開啟最近使用的檔案 16
+	Open Recent File 17	開啟最近使用的檔案 17
+	Open Recent File 18	開啟最近使用的檔案 18
+	Open Recent File 19	開啟最近使用的檔案 19
+	Open Recent File 2	開啟最近使用的檔案 2
+	Open Recent File 20	開啟最近使用的檔案 20
+	Open Recent File 21	開啟最近使用的檔案 21
+	Open Recent File 22	開啟最近使用的檔案 22
+	Open Recent File 23	開啟最近使用的檔案 23
+	Open Recent File 24	開啟最近使用的檔案 24
+	Open Recent File 25	開啟最近使用的檔案 25
+	Open Recent File 26	開啟最近使用的檔案 26
+	Open Recent File 27	開啟最近使用的檔案 27
+	Open Recent File 28	開啟最近使用的檔案 28
+	Open Recent File 29	開啟最近使用的檔案 29
+	Open Recent File 3	開啟最近使用的檔案 3
+	Open Recent File 30	開啟最近使用的檔案 30
+	Open Recent File 4	開啟最近使用的檔案 4
+	Open Recent File 5	開啟最近使用的檔案 5
+	Open Recent File 6	開啟最近使用的檔案 6
+	Open Recent File 7	開啟最近使用的檔案 7
+	Open Recent File 8	開啟最近使用的檔案 8
+	Open Recent File 9	開啟最近使用的檔案 9
+	Open Recent Files	開啟最近使用的檔案
+	Open Swatch Library	開啟色票資料庫
+	Open the URL in the web browser	在網頁瀏覽器中開啟網址
+	Opened with {} note(s): {}	已開啟，附 {} 則附註：{}
+	OpenType	OpenType
+	Open…	開啟…
+	Optical Margin Alignment	視覺邊界對齊
+	Optimize for fast web view	最佳化以便快速網頁檢視
+	Optimized	最佳化
+	Options	選項
+	Options:	選項：
+	Options…	選項…
+	or more spaces with a tab	個以上的空格取代為定位字元
+	Order:	順序：
+	Ordinals	序數字
+	Orientation	方向
+	Orientation:	方向：
+	Original	原始
+	Original: click to restore	原始：按一下以回復
+	Other	其他
+	Other Layers	其他圖層
+	Other Libraries	其他資料庫
+	Other Library…	其他資料庫…
+	Other Script…	其他指令碼…
+	Out of Gamut Warning	超出色域警告
+	Out of Web Color Warning	非網頁安全色警告
+	Out Tangent Handles	外切線控制把手
+	Outer Glow…	外光暈…
+	Outline	外框
+	Outline Stroke	外框筆畫
+	Outline Text	外框文字
+	Outlines and Rules	外框與規則線
+	Output	輸出
+	Output All Blacks Accurately	精確輸出所有黑色
+	Output All Blacks as Rich Black	以濃黑輸出所有黑色
+	Output Black	輸出黑色
+	Output condition:	輸出條件：
+	Output Intent	輸出目的
+	Output intent profile:	輸出目的描述檔：
+	Output White	輸出白色
+	Output › Mode	輸出 › 模式
+	Output:	輸出：
+	Overlap:	重疊：
+	Overlapping	重疊
+	Overlay	覆蓋
+	Overprint	疊印
+	Overprint and Transparency Flattener	疊印與透明度平面化
+	Overprint and Transparency Flattener Options	疊印與透明度平面化選項
+	Overprint Black…	疊印黑色…
+	Overprint Fill	疊印填色
+	Overprint Preview	疊印預視
+	Overprint Preview (separations)	疊印預視 (分色)
+	Overprint Stroke	疊印筆畫
+	Overprint:	疊印：
+	Overprints:	疊印：
+	Override Character Color	覆寫字元顏色
+	Package	封裝
+	Package collects a saved document with its linked files and fonts.	封裝會將已儲存的文件連同其連結檔案與字體一併收集。
+	Package created	已建立封裝
+	Packaged {n} file(s) in {folder}{note}	已將 {n} 個檔案封裝於 {folder}{note}
+	Packaged {n} file(s){note}	已封裝 {n} 個檔案{note}
+	Package…	封裝…
+	Page	頁面
+	Page information	頁面資訊
+	Page Isolated Blending	頁面隔離混合
+	Page Knockout Group	頁面挖空群組
+	Pages	頁面
+	Paintbrush	繪圖筆刷
+	Paintbrush Tool	繪圖筆刷工具
+	Painting	繪畫
+	Panel menu	面板選單
+	Panel Options…	面板選項…
+	Panels	面板
+	Paragraph	段落
+	Paragraph Style	段落樣式
+	Paragraph Style Options	段落樣式選項
+	Paragraph Styles	段落樣式
+	Paragraph Symbol	段落符號
+	Part of ArtCraft. MIT OR Apache-2.0. Fonts: Source Sans 3, Inter, JetBrains Mono (OFL). Icons: Lucide (ISC) + VectorCraft.	ArtCraft 的一部分。MIT OR Apache-2.0。字體：Source Sans 3、Inter、JetBrains Mono (OFL)。圖示：Lucide (ISC) + VectorCraft。
+	Password	密碼
+	Paste	貼上
+	Paste in Back	貼至後方
+	Paste in Front	貼至前方
+	Paste in Place	原地貼上
+	Paste Offset	貼上位移
+	Paste on All Artboards	貼至所有工作區域
+	Paste Remembers Layers	貼上時記住圖層
+	Paste without Formatting	貼上但不含格式
+	Pasted	已貼上
+	Pastels	粉彩
+	Path	路徑
+	Path Eraser	路徑橡皮擦
+	Path Eraser Tool	路徑橡皮擦工具
+	Pathfinder	路徑管理員
+	Pathfinder Options…	路徑管理員選項…
+	Pathfinders:	路徑管理員：
+	Paths	路徑
+	Paths: {paths}    Anchors: {anchors}    Colors: {colors}	路徑：{paths}    錨點：{anchors}    顏色：{colors}
+	Pattern	圖樣
+	Pattern Editing	圖樣編輯
+	Pattern Options	圖樣選項
+	Pattern options are available in pattern editing mode.	圖樣選項可在圖樣編輯模式中使用。
+	PDF	PDF
+	PDF 1.3 files have no transparency: the preset flattens it.	PDF 1.3 檔案不支援透明度：預設集會將其平面化。
+	PDF Info	PDF 資訊
+	PDF Preset	PDF 預設集
+	PDF Preset:	PDF 預設集：
+	PDF Presets	PDF 預設集
+	PDF Presets…	PDF 預設集…
+	PDF Settings	PDF 設定
+	PDF/A files carry their own output intent.	PDF/A 檔案自帶輸出目的。
+	PDF/X-1a files are CMYK: every colour is converted to the destination (blank: the output intent's CMYK profile), untagged.	PDF/X-1a 檔案為 CMYK：所有顏色都會轉換至目的地 (留空：輸出目的的 CMYK 描述檔)，且不加標記。
+	Pen Tool	筆型工具
+	Pencil	鉛筆
+	Pencil Tool	鉛筆工具
+	per slice	每個切片
+	Percent:	百分比：
+	Perceptual Scales	感知尺度
+	Performance	效能
+	Performance & Storage	效能與儲存空間
+	Permissions	權限
+	Permissions password:	權限密碼：
+	Perspective	透視
+	Perspective Grid	透視格點
+	Perspective Grid Options	透視格點選項
+	Perspective Grid Preset	透視格點預設集
+	Perspective Grid Presets	透視格點預設集
+	Perspective grid presets	透視格點預設集
+	Perspective Grid Presets…	透視格點預設集…
+	Perspective Grid Settings	透視格點設定
+	Perspective Grid Tool	透視格點工具
+	Perspective Plane Options…	透視平面選項…
+	Perspective Selection Tool	透視選取工具
+	Phone 390×844	手機 390×844
+	Picas	派卡
+	Pie Graph Tool	圓餅圖工具
+	Pixel Preview	像素預視
+	Pixels	像素
+	Place	置入
+	Place DXF	置入 DXF
+	Place onto a new locked, dimmed template layer below the current layer	置入至目前圖層下方新的鎖定且淡化的範本圖層
+	Place PDF	置入 PDF
+	Place Symbol Instance	置入符號範例
+	Place the pages with the placement again	以擺放方式重新放置頁面
+	Placed File Info	已置入檔案資訊
+	Placement Options	置入選項
+	Placement Options…	置入選項…
+	Placement:	擺放方式：
+	Place…	置入…
+	Plates	色版
+	Platform:	平台：
+	Play Current Selection	播放目前選取項目
+	Plug-in Info	增效模組資訊
+	Plug-ins	增效模組
+	Plug-in…	增效模組…
+	Point Sample	單點取樣
+	Point Text Objects	點狀文字物件
+	Points	點
+	Points: clicks add free points	點：按一下即新增自由點
+	Polar Grid	極座標格點
+	Polar Grid Tool	極座標格點工具
+	Polygon	多邊形
+	Polygon Properties:	多邊形內容：
+	Polygon Tool	多邊形工具
+	Portrait	直向
+	Portuguese	葡萄牙文
+	Position	位置
+	Postcard	明信片
+	PostScript:	PostScript：
+	PPI	PPI
+	Preferences	偏好設定
+	Preferences…	偏好設定…
+	Prefix:	前綴：
+	Presentation Attributes	呈現屬性
+	Presentation Mode	簡報模式
+	Preserve Alpha Transparency	保留 Alpha 透明度
+	Preserve Appearance and Overprints	保留外觀與疊印
+	Preserve CMYK Numbers	保留 CMYK 數值
+	Preserve Editing Capabilities	保留編輯功能
+	Preserve editing capabilities	保留編輯功能
+	Preserve Lightness	保留亮度
+	Preserve Overprints and Spot Colors	保留疊印與特別色
+	Preserve Paths	保留路徑
+	Preserve Shape Using:	保留形狀的方式：
+	Preserve Spot Colors	保留特別色
+	Preserve Text Appearance	保留文字外觀
+	Preserve Text Editability	保留文字可編輯性
+	Preserve:	保留：
+	PRESET DETAILS	預設集詳細資料
+	Preset Name	預設集名稱
+	Preset name:	預設集名稱：
+	Preset {}	預設集 {}
+	Preset:	預設集：
+	Presets you save with the Save Preset button appear here.	以「儲存預設集」按鈕儲存的預設集會顯示在這裡。
+	Presets:	預設集：
+	Press 	按下 
+	Preview	預覽
+	Preview in Browser	在瀏覽器中預覽
+	Preview in Browser needs the desktop app (the web downloads files instead)	在瀏覽器中預覽需要桌面版應用程式 (網頁版會改為下載檔案)
+	Preview Mode	預覽模式
+	Preview the document as it is now	以目前狀態預覽文件
+	Previous	上一個
+	Previous Library	上一個資料庫
+	Previous Page	上一頁
+	Previous page	上一頁
+	Primary	主要
+	Print	列印
+	Print as Bitmap	以點陣圖列印
+	Print Layers:	列印圖層：
+	Print Preset	列印預設集
+	Print Preset:	列印預設集：
+	Print Presets	列印預設集
+	Print presets	列印預設集
+	Print Presets…	列印預設集…
+	Print Preview	列印預覽
+	Print Setup	列印設定
+	Print Tiling	列印拼貼
+	Print Tiling Pages	列印拼貼頁面
+	Print Tiling Tool	列印拼貼工具
+	Printer	印表機
+	Printer mark type:	印表機標記類型：
+	Printer profile:	印表機描述檔：
+	Printer Setup…	印表機設定…
+	Printer:	印表機：
+	Printers	印表機
+	Printing / Exporting	列印／匯出
+	Printing allowed:	允許列印：
+	Printing and Proofing	列印與校樣
+	Print…	列印…
+	Process Color	印刷色
+	Profile inclusion:	描述檔內嵌：
+	Profile:	描述檔：
+	Progressive	漸進式
+	Projecting Cap	方端點
+	Proof Colors	校樣色彩
+	Proof Setup	校樣設定
+	Properties	內容
+	Proportional Oldstyle	比例舊式數字
+	Pucker & Bloat…	縮攏與膨脹…
+	Pucker Tool	縮攏工具
+	Punctuation	標點符號
+	Punctuation Space	標點空格
+	Puppet Warp	操控彎曲
+	Puppet Warp Pins	操控彎曲圖釘
+	Puppet Warp Tool	操控彎曲工具
+	Quality {quality}	品質 {quality}
+	Quality:	品質：
+	Quarter Space	四分之一空格
+	Quick Actions	快速動作
+	Quickly start a new file	快速開始新檔案
+	Quit VectorCraft	結束 VectorCraft
+	Radar Graph Tool	雷達圖工具
+	Radial	放射狀
+	Radial Glows	放射狀光暈
+	Radial Gradient	放射狀漸層
+	Radius 1	半徑 1
+	Radius 2	半徑 2
+	Radius1	半徑1
+	Radius2	半徑2
+	Rainbow	彩虹
+	Random	隨機
+	Randomize Colors	隨機排列顏色
+	Randomly change color order	隨機變更顏色順序
+	Randomly change saturation and brightness	隨機變更飽和度與亮度
+	Range:	範圍：
+	Raster Effects	點陣效果
+	Raster File Format:	點陣檔案格式：
+	Raster Sample Size:	點陣取樣大小：
+	Raster/Vector Balance:	點陣／向量平衡：
+	Rasterize	點陣化
+	Rasterize Unsupported Art	點陣化不支援的圖稿
+	Rasterize…	點陣化…
+	Rasters	點陣圖
+	Rating:	評等：
+	Real World:	真實世界：
+	Real-time Drawing and Editing	即時繪圖與編輯
+	Rearrange All Artboards (on the roadmap)	重新排列所有工作區域 (規劃中)
+	Rearrange All Artboards…	重新排列所有工作區域…
+	Recall Selection	叫出選取範圍
+	RECENT	最近使用
+	Recent	最近使用
+	Recent Colors	最近使用的顏色
+	Recent File	最近使用的檔案
+	Recent Files	最近使用的檔案
+	Recent Font	最近使用的字體
+	Recent Font 1	最近使用的字體 1
+	Recent Font 10	最近使用的字體 10
+	Recent Font 2	最近使用的字體 2
+	Recent Font 3	最近使用的字體 3
+	Recent Font 4	最近使用的字體 4
+	Recent Font 5	最近使用的字體 5
+	Recent Font 6	最近使用的字體 6
+	Recent Font 7	最近使用的字體 7
+	Recent Font 8	最近使用的字體 8
+	Recent Font 9	最近使用的字體 9
+	Recent Fonts	最近使用的字體
+	Recent URLs	最近使用的網址
+	Recolor	重新上色
+	Recolor Artwork	重新上色圖稿
+	Recolor Artwork…	重新上色圖稿…
+	Recolor this row	重新上色此列
+	Recolor with Preset	以預設集重新上色
+	Recover Documents	找回文件
+	Recovery Data	救援資料
+	Rectangle	矩形
+	Rectangle Cut	矩形切割
+	Rectangle Cut Tool	矩形切割工具
+	Rectangle Properties:	矩形內容：
+	Rectangle Tool	矩形工具
+	Rectangle: Sunshine	矩形：陽光
+	Rectangle…	矩形…
+	Rectangular Grid	矩形格線
+	Rectangular Grid Tool	矩形格線工具
+	Red	紅色
+	Redefine Character Style	重新定義字元樣式
+	Redefine Graphic Style	重新定義繪圖樣式
+	Redefine Graphic Style “{name}”	重新定義繪圖樣式「{name}」
+	Redefine Paragraph Style	重新定義段落樣式
+	Redefine Symbol	重新定義符號
+	Redefine {kind} Style	重新定義{kind}樣式
+	Redo	重做
+	Redo {name}	重做 {name}
+	Redo {}	重做 {}
+	Reduce Colors	縮減顏色
+	Reduce to Basic Appearance	縮減至基本外觀
+	Reduction:	縮減：
+	Reference Point	參考點
+	Reflect	鏡射
+	Reflect Horizontal	水平鏡射
+	Reflect Tool	鏡射工具
+	Reflect X	鏡射 X
+	Reflect Y	鏡射 Y
+	Reflect…	鏡射…
+	Refresh	重新整理
+	Refresh Font List	重新整理字體清單
+	Registered Trademark Symbol	註冊商標符號
+	Registration marks	對位標記
+	Registry name:	登錄名稱：
+	Regular	標準
+	Release	釋放
+	Release Compound Shape	釋放複合形狀
+	Release Guides	釋放參考線
+	Release Opacity Mask	釋放不透明度遮色片
+	Release Selection	釋放選取範圍
+	Release with Perspective	釋放透視
+	Relink	重新連結
+	Relink Linked Files to the Document	將連結檔案重新連結至文件
+	Relink to Folder…	重新連結至資料夾…
+	Relinked {n} image(s)	已重新連結 {n} 張影像
+	Relinked {n} image(s); not in that folder: {}	已重新連結 {n} 張影像；不在該資料夾中：{}
+	Relinked {} image(s)	已重新連結 {} 張影像
+	Relink…	重新連結…
+	Reload Plug-ins	重新載入增效模組
+	Remove	移除
+	Remove Anchor Points	移除錨點
+	Remove Asset	移除資產
+	Remove blank lines between paragraphs	移除段落之間的空白行
+	Remove Brush Stroke	移除筆刷筆畫
+	Remove Effect	移除效果
+	Remove Guide	移除參考線
+	Remove Item	移除項目
+	Remove Plug-in	移除增效模組
+	Remove Selected Assets	移除所選資產
+	Remove Threading	移除串連
+	Remove “{keyword}”	移除「{keyword}」
+	Rename	重新命名
+	Rename Asset	重新命名資產
+	Rename Character Style	重新命名字元樣式
+	Rename Graphic Style	重新命名繪圖樣式
+	Rename Paragraph Style	重新命名段落樣式
+	Rename Workspace	重新命名工作區
+	Render Threads (-1 = Automatic)	算圖執行緒 (-1 = 自動)
+	Rendering intent:	演算目的：
+	Reorder	重新排序
+	Reorder Appearance Item	重新排序外觀項目
+	Repeat	重複
+	Repeat Options	重複選項
+	Repeat Pathfinder	重複路徑管理員
+	Repeat Tab	重複定位點
+	Repeat {name}	重複 {name}
+	Replace	取代
+	Replace Font	取代字體
+	Replace it with another file, or ignore it: its images keep showing the preview saved with the document.	以其他檔案取代，或忽略：其影像會繼續顯示隨文件儲存的預覽。
+	Replace Spine	取代軸線
+	Replace Symbol	取代符號
+	Replace With Font	取代為字體
+	Replaces the saved preset of that name.	取代同名的已儲存預設集。
+	Replace…	取代…
+	Require a password to open the document	開啟文件時需要密碼
+	Reselect	重新選取
+	Reset	重設
+	Reset Bounding Box	重設邊框
+	Reset Envelope Mesh	重設封套網格
+	Reset Envelope Shape	重設封套形狀
+	Reset Essentials	重設基本功能
+	Reset Keyboard Shortcuts	重設鍵盤快速鍵
+	Reset OpenType Features	重設 OpenType 功能
+	Reset Panel	重設面板
+	Reset Preferences	重設偏好設定
+	Reset Profiles	重設描述檔
+	Reset Rotate View	重設旋轉檢視
+	Reset the rows to the artwork's colors	將各列重設為圖稿的顏色
+	Reset to Default	重設為預設值
+	Reset to White, Black	重設為白色、黑色
+	Reset with Mesh	以網格重設
+	Reset with Mesh…	以網格重設…
+	Reset with Warp	以彎曲重設
+	Reset with Warp…	以彎曲重設…
+	Reset {name}	重設 {name}
+	Reset {}	重設 {}
+	Reshape	改變外框
+	Reshape Segment	改變線段外框
+	Reshape Tool	改變外框工具
+	Resolution:	解析度：
+	Responsive	回應式
+	Restore	還原
+	Restore every preference to its default (applied on OK)	將所有偏好設定還原為預設值 (按下確定後套用)
+	Restore Recovered Documents	還原找回的文件
+	Restored documents open unsaved: save them to keep them.	還原的文件會以未儲存狀態開啟：請儲存以保留。
+	Restored {} recovered document(s): save them to keep them	已還原 {} 份復原的文件：請儲存以保留
+	Restrict printing, editing and other tasks	限制列印、編輯及其他操作
+	Reverse Front to Back	反轉前後順序
+	Reverse Gradient	反轉漸層
+	Reverse Order	反轉順序
+	Reverse Path Direction	反轉路徑方向
+	Reverse Path Direction Off	關閉反轉路徑方向
+	Reverse Path Direction On	開啟反轉路徑方向
+	Reverse Spine	反轉軸線
+	Revert	回復
+	Revert to the saved version of “{name}”?	要回復為「{name}」已儲存的版本嗎？
+	Revolve…	迴轉…
+	RGB Color	RGB 色彩
+	Right	右
+	Right Grid:	右側格點：
+	Right in Front	右側在前
+	Right Indent	右縮排
+	Right Plane	右側平面
+	Right-Justified Tab	靠右定位點
+	Right:	右：
+	Rise…	上升…
+	Roman Hanging Punctuation	羅馬懸掛標點
+	Rotate	旋轉
+	Rotate 90° CW	順時針旋轉 90°
+	Rotate Tool	旋轉工具
+	Rotate View Tool	旋轉檢視工具
+	Rotate…	旋轉…
+	Rotation	旋轉
+	Roughen…	粗糙效果…
+	Round Cap	圓端點
+	Round Corners…	圓角…
+	Round Join	圓角
+	Rounded Rectangle	圓角矩形
+	Rounded Rectangle Tool	圓角矩形工具
+	Rounded Rectangle…	圓角矩形…
+	Rows:	列數：
+	Rule:	規則線：
+	Rulers	尺標
+	Rulers & Grids	尺標與格點
+	Run Plug-in	執行增效模組
+	Same	相同
+	Same As Source	與來源相同
+	Sample Color	取樣顏色
+	Saturate	飽和
+	Saturate…	增加飽和度…
+	Saturation	飽和度
+	Save	儲存
+	Save a Copy	儲存拷貝
+	Save a Copy…	儲存拷貝…
+	Save As	另存新檔
+	Save as PDF…	儲存為 PDF…
+	Save as preset:	儲存為預設集：
+	Save as Template	另存範本
+	Save as Template…	另存範本…
+	Save As…	另存新檔…
+	Save changes to {name}	儲存對 {name} 的變更
+	Save color group to Swatch panel	將顏色群組儲存至色票面板
+	Save Colors as Swatches	將顏色儲存為色票
+	Save Document	儲存文件
+	Save Document Info…	儲存文件資訊…
+	Save each artboard to a separate file	將每個工作區域儲存為個別檔案
+	Save for Office Documents	儲存為 Office 文件用
+	Save for Office Documents…	儲存為 Office 文件用…
+	Save for Web	儲存為網頁用
+	Save for Web (Legacy)…	儲存為網頁用 (舊版)…
+	Save for Web Presets	儲存為網頁用預設集
+	Save for Web Preview	儲存為網頁用預覽
+	Save for Web Settings	儲存為網頁用設定
+	Save Graphic Style Library	儲存繪圖樣式資料庫
+	Save Graphic Style Library…	儲存繪圖樣式資料庫…
+	Save Grid as Preset	將格點儲存為預設集
+	Save Grid as Preset…	將格點儲存為預設集…
+	Save PDF	儲存 PDF
+	Save PDF Dialog	儲存 PDF 對話框
+	Save PDF Preset	儲存 PDF 預設集
+	Save Perspective Grid Preset	儲存透視格點預設集
+	Save Preset	儲存預設集
+	Save Preset…	儲存預設集…
+	Save Print Preset	儲存列印預設集
+	Save Recovery Data	儲存救援資料
+	Save Save for Web Preset	儲存「儲存為網頁用」預設集
+	Save selected colors as swatches	將所選顏色儲存為色票
+	Save Selection…	儲存選取範圍…
+	Save Swatch Library	儲存色票資料庫
+	Save Swatch Library…	儲存色票資料庫…
+	Save the current layout under this name	以此名稱儲存目前的版面配置
+	Save the document first?	要先儲存文件嗎？
+	Save the selected preset to a file	將所選預設集儲存為檔案
+	Save the settings as a preset	將設定儲存為預設集
+	Save Theme	儲存主題
+	Save theme to My Themes	將主題儲存至「我的主題」
+	Save these settings as a preset	將這些設定儲存為預設集
+	Save these settings as a print preset	將這些設定儲存為列印預設集
+	Save to Swatches	儲存至色票
+	Save To:	儲存至：
+	Save Transparency Flattener Preset	儲存透明度平面化預設集
+	Save Transparency Flattener Preset…	儲存透明度平面化預設集…
+	SAVED	已儲存
+	Saved	已儲存
+	Saved recovery data for {title}	已儲存 {title} 的復原資料
+	Saved Selections	已儲存的選取範圍
+	Saved to User Defined: {}	已儲存至使用者自訂：{}
+	Saved View 1	已儲存的檢視 1
+	Saved View 10	已儲存的檢視 10
+	Saved View 2	已儲存的檢視 2
+	Saved View 3	已儲存的檢視 3
+	Saved View 4	已儲存的檢視 4
+	Saved View 5	已儲存的檢視 5
+	Saved View 6	已儲存的檢視 6
+	Saved View 7	已儲存的檢視 7
+	Saved View 8	已儲存的檢視 8
+	Saved View 9	已儲存的檢視 9
+	Saved Views	已儲存的檢視
+	Saved {n} files beside {path}	已將 {n} 個檔案儲存於 {path} 旁
+	Saved {path}	已儲存 {path}
+	Saved {path} with {} note(s): {first}	已儲存 {path}，附 {} 則附註：{first}
+	Saves the current bars, toolbar and panel layout.	儲存目前的列、工具列與面板配置。
+	Save…	儲存…
+	Saving	正在儲存
+	Saving Poster.vectorcraft	正在儲存 Poster.vectorcraft
+	Saving recovery data for {}	正在儲存 {} 的復原資料
+	Saving {}	正在儲存 {}
+	Scale	縮放
+	Scale Corners	縮放圓角
+	Scale Cursor Proportional to UI	游標依介面比例縮放
+	Scale Lineweights	縮放線條寬度
+	Scale Strokes & Effects	縮放筆畫與效果
+	Scale to Fit Artboard	縮放至符合工作區域
+	Scale Tool	縮放工具
+	Scale:	縮放比例：
+	Scale…	縮放…
+	Scaling	縮放
+	Scaling:	縮放：
+	Scallop Tool	扇形化工具
+	Scans:	掃描：
+	Scatter	散佈
+	Scatter Graph Tool	散佈圖工具
+	Scissors Tool	剪刀工具
+	Scratch Disks	暫存磁碟
+	Screen	濾色
+	Screen (72 ppi)	螢幕 (72 ppi)
+	Screen Mode	螢幕模式
+	Screens	螢幕
+	Scribble…	塗抹…
+	Scripts	指令碼
+	Search	搜尋
+	Search All	搜尋全部
+	Search commands and tools	搜尋指令與工具
+	Search commands and tools…	搜尋指令與工具…
+	Search Commands…	搜尋指令…
+	Secondary	次要
+	Section Symbol	章節符號
+	Security	安全性
+	Select	選取
+	Select a text object	選取文字物件
+	Select a text object to edit its character attributes.	選取文字物件以編輯其字元屬性。
+	Select a text object to edit its paragraph attributes.	選取文字物件以編輯其段落屬性。
+	Select a text object to set its tab stops.	選取文字物件以設定其定位點。
+	Select All	全選
+	Select All Art on Layer	選取圖層上的所有圖稿
+	Select All Assets	選取所有資產
+	Select All Instances	選取所有範例
+	Select All Pins	全選圖釘
+	Select All Unused	選取所有未使用項目
+	Select an image to see its Link Info.	選取影像以檢視其連結資訊。
+	Select an image to trace	選取要描圖的影像
+	Select Anchors	選取錨點
+	Select Appearance Item	選取外觀項目
+	Select art and choose Object › Pattern › Make.	選取圖稿，然後選擇「物件 › 圖樣 › 製作」。
+	Select art and click New Symbol to make one.	選取圖稿並按一下「新增符號」即可建立。
+	Select art and use New Brush to make one.	選取圖稿，然後使用「新增筆刷」來製作。
+	Select Freeform Point	選取任意形狀點
+	Select Gradient Stop	選取漸層色標
+	Select Objects	選取物件
+	Select objects to see their CSS, or Generate CSS for the whole document.	選取物件以檢視其 CSS，或對整份文件「產生 CSS」。
+	Select Same Tint %	選取相同色調 %
+	Select Slices	選取切片
+	Select styled art and click New Graphic Style.	選取已套用樣式的圖稿並按一下「新增繪圖樣式」。
+	Select text	選取文字
+	Select Text by Font	依字體選取文字
+	Select text or click into text with the Type tool to insert glyphs	使用文字工具選取文字或按一下文字內部，以插入字符
+	Select text to set its OpenType features.	選取文字以設定其 OpenType 功能。
+	Select the art (and, on top of it, the mask object)	選取圖稿 (以及位於其上方的遮色片物件)
+	Select Tool	選取工具
+	Select:	選取：
+	Selected Artwork	選取的圖稿
+	Selected Styles Only	僅限選取的樣式
+	Selected Swatches	選取的色票
+	Selected Swatches Only	僅限選取的色票
+	Selection	選取範圍
+	Selection & Anchor Display	選取和錨點顯示
+	Selection Only	僅限選取範圍
+	Selection Tool	選取工具
+	Send Backward	後移
+	Send to Back	移至最後
+	Send to Current Layer	移至目前圖層
+	Sentence case	句首大寫
+	Separate colors into rows	將顏色分成多列
+	Separate several keywords with commas.	多個關鍵字請以逗號分隔。
+	Separations list the document's inks here: one page per ink that prints.	分色會在此列出文件的油墨：每種會列印的油墨各一頁。
+	Separations Preview	分色預視
+	Serialize Document	序列化文件
+	Server-side (.map)	伺服器端 (.map)
+	Set 1	組 1
+	Set Anchors	設定錨點
+	Set base color	設定基準色
+	Set base color to the current color	將基本色設為目前顏色
+	Set Bounds	設定邊界
+	Set Current Layer	設定目前圖層
+	Set Key Object	設定關鍵物件
+	Set Keyboard Shortcut	設定鍵盤快速鍵
+	Set Mesh Point Color	設定網格點顏色
+	Set Preference	設定偏好設定
+	Set Slice Rectangle	設定切片矩形
+	Set Tab Stops	設定定位點
+	Set Text	設定文字
+	Set the selected color to the current color	將選取的顏色設為目前顏色
+	Set Zoom	設定縮放
+	Settings…	設定…
+	Setup…	設定…
+	Shadows and Glows	陰影與光暈
+	Shape	形狀
+	Shape Builder	形狀建立
+	Shape Builder Regions	形狀建立區域
+	Shape Builder Tool	形狀建立工具
+	Shape Effects	形狀效果
+	Shape Modes:	形狀模式：
+	Shape Properties:	形狀內容：
+	Shaper Tool	Shaper 工具
+	Shapes	形狀
+	Shear	傾斜
+	Shear Tool	傾斜工具
+	Shear…	傾斜…
+	Shell Lower…	下弧形…
+	Shell Upper…	上弧形…
+	Shift	Shift
+	Shift to Color…	位移至顏色…
+	Shifts the tints of global and spot colors; other colors stay.	位移整體色與特別色的色調；其他顏色維持不變。
+	Show	顯示
+	Show Active Plane Widget	顯示作用中平面 Widget
+	Show All	全部顯示
+	Show All Hidden Attributes	顯示所有隱藏屬性
+	Show All Plates	顯示所有色版
+	Show all plates	顯示所有色版
+	Show All Swatches	顯示所有色票
+	Show and print from the Lab definition; PDF files carry it as the ink's alternate color.	依 Lab 定義顯示與列印；PDF 檔案會將其作為油墨的替代色。
+	Show and separate through the working CMYK space, as in older documents.	如同舊文件，透過工作 CMYK 色彩空間顯示與分色。
+	Show Artboards	顯示工作區域
+	Show Bounding Box	顯示邊框
+	Show Brush Size	顯示筆刷大小
+	Show Center	顯示中心點
+	Show Code	顯示程式碼
+	Show Color Groups	顯示顏色群組
+	Show Color Swatches	顯示顏色色票
+	Show Corner Widget	顯示轉角 Widget
+	Show East Asian Options	顯示東亞選項
+	Show Edges	顯示邊緣
+	Show Embedded	顯示已嵌入
+	Show Find Field	顯示尋找欄位
+	Show Font Names in English	以英文顯示字體名稱
+	Show Gradient Annotator	顯示漸層註解者
+	Show Gradient Swatches	顯示漸層色票
+	Show Grid	顯示格點
+	Show Grid (⌘')	顯示格點 (⌘')
+	Show Guides	顯示參考線
+	Show handles when multiple anchors are selected	選取多個錨點時顯示控制把手
+	Show Hidden Characters	顯示隱藏字元
+	Show Images in Outline Mode	在外框模式中顯示影像
+	Show in Folder	在資料夾中顯示
+	Show Indic Options	顯示印度文字選項
+	Show Link Info	顯示連結資訊
+	Show List View	顯示清單檢視
+	Show Mesh	顯示網格
+	Show Missing	顯示遺失
+	Show Modified	顯示已修改
+	Show Note	顯示註解
+	Show Options	顯示選項
+	Show Package	顯示封裝
+	Show Panel	顯示面板
+	Show Pattern Swatches	顯示圖樣色票
+	Show Perspective Grid	顯示透視格點
+	Show Pixel Grid (Above 600% Zoom)	顯示像素格點 (縮放超過 600% 時)
+	Show Print Tiling	顯示列印分頁
+	Show Rulers	顯示尺標
+	Show Rulers (⌘R)	顯示尺標 (⌘R)
+	Show Slice Numbers	顯示切片編號
+	Show Slices	顯示切片
+	Show Swatch Bounds	顯示色票邊界
+	Show Swatch Kinds	顯示色票種類
+	Show Text Threads	顯示文字串連
+	Show The Home Screen When No Documents Are Open	沒有開啟文件時顯示首頁
+	Show Thumbnail	顯示縮圖
+	Show Thumbnail View	顯示縮圖檢視
+	Show Thumbnails	顯示縮圖
+	Show Tile Edge	顯示拼貼邊緣
+	Show Tints/Shades	顯示淺色調/深色調
+	Show Tool Tips	顯示工具提示
+	Show Transparency Grid	顯示透明度格點
+	Show Video Rulers	顯示視訊尺標
+	Show Vivid/Muted	顯示鮮豔/柔和
+	Show Warm/Cool	顯示暖色/冷色
+	Show {kind} Brushes	顯示{kind}筆刷
+	Show/hide plate (Alt-click: only this plate)	顯示／隱藏色版 (Alt-按一下：僅此色版)
+	Show:	顯示：
+	Shown with the optimised preview.	於最佳化預覽時顯示。
+	Side 1:	側面 1：
+	Side 2:	側面 2：
+	Sides:	邊數：
+	Simplify	簡化
+	Simplify:	簡化：
+	Simplify…	簡化…
+	Simulate Colored Paper	模擬有色紙張
+	Simulate Paper	模擬紙張
+	Single / Double Column	單欄 / 雙欄
+	Single Left Quotation Mark	左單引號
+	Single Quotes:	單引號：
+	Single Right Quotation Mark	右單引號
+	Single-line Composer	單行排版程式
+	Sixth Space	六分之一空格
+	Size	大小
+	Size Tile to Art	拼貼符合圖稿大小
+	Size/Leading	大小/行距
+	Size:	大小：
+	Size: {size}  Tracking: {tracking}	大小：{size}  字距：{tracking}
+	Skew	傾斜
+	Skin Tone Ramps	膚色漸階
+	Skip Blank Artboards	略過空白工作區域
+	Sky Gradients	天空漸層
+	Slice	切片
+	Slice Options	切片選項
+	Slice Options…	切片選項…
+	Slice Selection Tool	切片選取工具
+	Slice Tool	切片工具
+	Slice Type:	切片類型：
+	Slices	切片
+	slices across, evenly spaced	個橫向切片，間距均等
+	slices down, evenly spaced	個縱向切片，間距均等
+	Slices:	切片：
+	Small	小
+	Small Caps	小型大寫
+	Small Caps (on the roadmap)	小型大寫字母 (規劃中)
+	Small Caps:	小型大寫字母：
+	Small List View	小型清單檢視
+	Small Thumbnail View	小縮圖檢視
+	Small Thumbnails	小縮圖
+	Smaller ↔ Larger	較小 ↔ 較大
+	Smart Guides	智慧型參考線
+	Smart Guides (View → Smart Guides)	智慧型參考線 (檢視 → 智慧型參考線)
+	Smart Guides (⌘U)	智慧型參考線 (⌘U)
+	Smart Punctuation…	智慧型標點…
+	Smooth	平滑
+	Smooth Color	平滑顏色
+	Smooth Tool	平滑工具
+	Snap Curves To Lines	將曲線靠齊線條
+	Snap Options	靠齊選項
+	Snap to Glyph	靠齊字符
+	Snap to Grid	靠齊格點
+	Snap to Pixel	靠齊像素
+	Snap to Point	靠齊控制點
+	Snapping Tolerance	靠齊容許度
+	Social Square Post 1080×1080	社群正方形貼文 1080×1080
+	Soft Light	柔光
+	Solid	實心
+	Sort by Kind	依類型排序
+	Sort by Name	依名稱排序
+	Sort by Status	依狀態排序
+	Source code on GitHub	GitHub 上的原始碼
+	Source Sans 3	Source Sans 3
+	Space After Paragraph	段後間距
+	Space Before Paragraph	段前間距
+	Spaces	空格
+	Spacing Guides	間距參考線
+	Spacing:	間距：
+	Spanish	西班牙文
+	Specified Distance	指定距離
+	Specified Steps	指定階數
+	Specify:	指定：
+	Spectrum Gradients	光譜漸層
+	Spelling	拼字
+	Spiral	螺旋
+	Spiral Tool	螺旋工具
+	Split Freeform Line	分割任意形狀線條
+	Split Into Grid	分割為格線
+	Split Into Grid…	分割為格線…
+	Split Path	分割路徑
+	spot	特別色
+	Spot Color	特別色
+	Spot Colors	特別色
+	Spot Colors…	特別色…
+	Spread:	擴散：
+	Square	正方形
+	Squeeze…	擠壓…
+	Stacked Bar Graph Tool	堆疊橫條圖工具
+	Stacked Column Graph Tool	堆疊長條圖工具
+	Stair Step	階梯
+	Standard Ligatures	標準連字
+	Standard Vertical Roman Alignment	標準垂直羅馬字對齊
+	Standard:	標準：
+	Star	星形
+	Star Tool	星形工具
+	Start arrowhead	起點箭頭
+	Start Global Edit	開始整體編輯
+	Status	狀態
+	Steps:	步驟：
+	Stop Editing Opacity Mask	停止編輯不透明度遮色片
+	Stop editing the opacity mask	停止編輯不透明度遮色片
+	Stop Playing/Recording	停止播放/錄製
+	Stray Points	零散錨點
+	Strikethrough	刪除線
+	Stroke	筆畫
+	Stroke (X), double-click for the Color Picker	筆畫 (X)，按兩下開啟檢色器
+	Stroke Color	筆畫顏色
+	Stroke Options	筆畫選項
+	Stroke options	筆畫選項
+	Stroke Weight	筆畫寬度
+	Stroke:	筆畫：
+	Stroke: click for swatches, Shift-click for the color mixer	筆畫：按一下開啟色票，按住 Shift 按一下開啟混色器
+	Style	樣式
+	Style Attributes	樣式屬性
+	Style Attributes (Entity References)	樣式屬性 (實體參照)
+	Style Name:	樣式名稱：
+	Style:	樣式：
+	Styling:	樣式設定：
+	Stylize	風格化
+	Subdivisions	細分
+	Subscript	下標
+	Subscript (on the roadmap)	下標 (規劃中)
+	Subscript:	下標：
+	Subset fonts below:	字體子集化門檻：
+	Subtract	減去
+	Suffix	後綴
+	Summary	摘要
+	Superscript	上標
+	Superscript (on the roadmap)	上標 (規劃中)
+	Superscript:	上標：
+	SVG Filters	SVG 濾鏡
+	SVG Interactivity	SVG 互動性
+	SVG Options	SVG 選項
+	SVG Profile:	SVG 描述檔：
+	Swap Fill and Stroke	對調填色和筆畫
+	Swap Fill and Stroke (Shift+X)	對調填色與筆畫 (Shift+X)
+	Swap start and end arrowheads	對調起點與終點箭頭
+	Swap the selected object for the file, keeping its place and transform	以檔案取代選取的物件，並保留其位置與變形
+	Swash	花體字
+	Swatch Conflict	色票衝突
+	Swatch Conflicts	色票衝突
+	Swatch Libraries	色票資料庫
+	Swatch Libraries Menu	色票資料庫選單
+	Swatch Library	色票資料庫
+	Swatch Name:	色票名稱：
+	Swatch Options	色票選項
+	Swatch Options…	色票選項…
+	Swatch Tiles	色票拼貼
+	Swatches	色票
+	Switch workspace	切換工作區
+	Symbol Instance	符號範例
+	Symbol Libraries	符號資料庫
+	Symbol Libraries (on the roadmap)	符號資料庫 (已列入路線圖)
+	Symbol Screener Tool	符號濾色器工具
+	Symbol Scruncher Tool	符號緊縮器工具
+	Symbol Shifter Tool	符號移位器工具
+	Symbol Sizer Tool	符號縮放器工具
+	Symbol Spinner Tool	符號旋轉器工具
+	Symbol Sprayer	符號噴灑器
+	Symbol Sprayer Tool	符號噴灑器工具
+	Symbol Stainer Tool	符號染色器工具
+	Symbol Styler Tool	符號樣式器工具
+	Symbolism Tool	符號工具
+	Symbols	符號
+	System Layout	系統配置
+	Tab	定位字元
+	Tab Stops	定位點
+	Tabs	定位點
+	Tabular Lining	等寬齊線數字
+	Tabular Oldstyle	等寬舊式數字
+	Target	目標
+	Target Contents	目標內容
+	Target:	目標：
+	Tate-chu-yoko	縱中橫
+	Temperature	色溫
+	Temperature/Tint…	色溫/色調…
+	Template	範本
+	Templates	範本
+	Templates Folder	範本資料夾
+	Templates…	範本…
+	Text Displayed in Cell:	儲存格中顯示的文字：
+	Text Export Options	文字匯出選項
+	Text Fill Color	文字填色
+	Text Import Options	文字匯入選項
+	Text Stroke Color	文字筆畫顏色
+	Text Wrap	文字繞圖
+	Text Wrap Options	文字繞圖選項
+	Text Wrap Options…	文字繞圖選項…
+	The bounds of the visible art.	可見圖稿的邊界。
+	The cell shows the type object's text as HTML.	儲存格以 HTML 顯示文字物件的文字。
+	The document has no colour swatches.	文件中沒有色票。
+	The edge of the paper the printer can't reach: the art goes inside it, and the preview shows it dashed.	印表機無法觸及的紙張邊緣：圖稿會放在其內側，預覽中會以虛線顯示。
+	The page as it prints	頁面列印時的樣子
+	the preset	該預設集
+	The Print Tiling tool placed the pages.	已由列印拼貼工具放置頁面。
+	The selected objects have no CSS of their own (see below).	選取的物件沒有自己的 CSS (請見下方)。
+	The system's settings of this printer	此印表機的系統設定
+	Thin Space	細空格
+	Third Space	三分之一空格
+	Third Vanishing Point:	第三消失點：
+	This document already has a swatch named “{name}” with another color.	此文件已有名為「{name}」但顏色不同的色票。
+	This library is empty.	此資料庫是空的。
+	This panel is on the roadmap (see the parity plan).	此面板已列入規劃 (請見對等計畫)。
+	Threaded Text	串連文字
+	Threads	串連
+	Three Point	三點
+	Three Point Perspective	三點透視
+	Three Point Perspective Preset 1	三點透視預設集 1
+	Three Point Perspective Preset 2	三點透視預設集 2
+	Three Point Perspective Preset 3	三點透視預設集 3
+	Three Point Perspective Preset 4	三點透視預設集 4
+	Three Point Perspective Preset 5	三點透視預設集 5
+	Threshold	臨界值
+	Thumbnail View	縮圖檢視
+	Tile	並排顯示
+	Tile Edge Color	拼貼邊緣顏色
+	Tile Edge Color…	拼貼邊緣顏色…
+	Tile Full Pages	並排完整頁面
+	Tile Range:	拼貼範圍：
+	Tile Type:	拼貼類型：
+	tile {number}	拼貼 {number}
+	Tiles are numbered across, then down; leave the range empty for every tile.	拼貼先由左至右再由上至下編號；範圍留空表示全部拼貼。
+	Tint	色調
+	Tip extends past the end point	尖端延伸超過終點
+	Tip on the end point	尖端位於終點
+	Title Case	標題式大小寫
+	to	至
+	Toggle Fill/Stroke Focus	切換填色/筆畫焦點
+	Toggle Selection	切換選取
+	Toggle single/double column	切換單欄/雙欄
+	Tolerance	容許度
+	Tolerance:	容許度：
+	Tool Option	工具選項
+	Tool Options…	工具選項…
+	Toolbar: Advanced / Basic	工具列：進階 / 基本
+	Toolbar: Single/Double Column	工具列：單欄/雙欄
+	Toolbars	工具列
+	Tools	工具
+	Top	上
+	Top in Front	上方在前
+	Top:	上：
+	Total Width:	總寬度：
+	Touch Type Tool	觸控文字工具
+	Trace	描圖
+	Tracing	描圖中
+	Tracking	字距
+	Trademark Symbol	商標符號
+	Transform	變形
+	Transform Again	再次變形
+	Transform Both	兩者皆變形
+	Transform Each	個別變形
+	Transform Each…	個別變形…
+	Transform in Perspective	透視變形
+	Transform Object Only	僅變形物件
+	Transform Panel	變形面板
+	Transform Pattern Only	僅變形圖樣
+	Transform Pattern Tiles	變形圖樣拼貼
+	Transform Patterns	變形圖樣
+	Transform Tools	變形工具
+	Transforms	變形
+	Transform…	變形…
+	Transparency	透明度
+	Transparency Flattener Presets	透明度平面化預設集
+	Transparency Flattener Presets…	透明度平面化預設集…
+	Transparency Grid	透明度格點
+	Transparency Info	透明度資訊
+	Transparency is flattened with the preset. Type is written as outlines; gradients as bands of colour.	透明度會依預設集平面化。文字以外框寫出；漸層以色帶寫出。
+	Transparency is flattened with the preset. Type is written as outlines; gradients stay smooth.	透明度會依預設集平面化。文字以外框寫出；漸層維持平滑。
+	Transparency Options	透明度選項
+	Transparent	透明
+	Transparent (Default)	透明 (預設)
+	Transparent Background	透明背景
+	Transverse (the page a quarter turn on the paper)	橫向轉置 (頁面在紙張上轉四分之一圈)
+	Trap…	補漏白…
+	Trim	剪裁
+	Trim mark weight:	剪裁標記寬度：
+	Trim marks	剪裁標記
+	Trim View	剪裁檢視
+	True colour needs version 2004 or later: the nearest of 256 colours is written.	全彩需要 2004 或更新的版本：會寫入 256 色中最接近的顏色。
+	Turn off Data Recovery for complex documents	對複雜文件關閉資料復原
+	Tweak…	隨意筆畫…
+	Twirl Rate:	旋轉速率：
+	Twirl Tool	旋轉扭曲工具
+	Twist…	螺旋…
+	Two Point	兩點
+	Two Point Perspective	兩點透視
+	Two Point Perspective Preset 1	兩點透視預設集 1
+	Two Point Perspective Preset 2	兩點透視預設集 2
+	Two Point Perspective Preset 3	兩點透視預設集 3
+	Two Point Perspective Preset 4	兩點透視預設集 4
+	Two Point Perspective Preset 5	兩點透視預設集 5
+	Type	文字
+	Type becomes outlines, and strokes a CAD line can't draw become filled shapes.	文字會變成外框，CAD 線條無法繪製的筆畫會變成填色形狀。
+	Type Object Selection by Path Only	僅以路徑選取文字物件
+	Type on a Path	路徑文字
+	Type on a Path Options…	路徑文字選項…
+	Type on a Path Tool	路徑文字工具
+	Type Orientation	文字方向
+	Type stays text, and every stroke is a line with its lineweight and dashes.	文字維持為文字，每個筆畫都是帶有線寬與虛線的線條。
+	Type Tool	文字工具
+	Type:	類型：
+	Type…	文字…
+	Typography	字體排印
+	UI Brightness	介面亮度
+	UI Scaling	介面縮放
+	Underline	底線
+	Undo	復原
+	Undo {name}	復原{name}
+	Undo {}	復原 {}
+	Unembed	取消嵌入
+	Unembedded to {}	已取消嵌入至 {}
+	Unembed…	取消嵌入…
+	Ungroup	解散群組
+	Ungroup Color Group	解散顏色群組
+	Unicode	Unicode
+	Unicode (UTF-16)	Unicode (UTF-16)
+	Unicode (UTF-8)	Unicode (UTF-8)
+	Uniform	等比例
+	Unique	唯一
+	Unite	聯集
+	Unite and Simplify	聯集並簡化
+	Units	單位
+	Units:	單位：
+	Units: {units}	單位：{units}
+	Unlink harmony colors	取消連結調和色彩
+	Unlink Opacity Mask	取消連結不透明度遮色片
+	Unlink the mask	取消連結遮色片
+	Unlock	解除鎖定
+	Unlock All	全部解除鎖定
+	Unlock Grid	解除鎖定格點
+	Unlock Guides	解除鎖定參考線
+	Unnamed Objects	未命名物件
+	Unprintable margin:	不可列印邊界：
+	Unshift	取消位移
+	Untitled	未命名
+	Update Link	更新連結
+	Update Links	更新連結
+	Update Modified Links	更新已修改的連結
+	Updated {} image(s)	已更新 {} 張影像
+	UPPERCASE	全部大寫
+	URL:	URL：
+	Use 	使用 
+	Use Artboards	使用工作區域
+	Use Black Point Compensation	使用黑點補償
+	Use Compression	使用壓縮
+	Use document bleed settings	使用文件的出血設定
+	Use Even-Odd Fill Rule	使用奇偶填色規則
+	Use Japanese Crop Marks	使用日式裁切標記
+	Use Low Resolution Proxy for Linked EPS	連結的 EPS 使用低解析度代理
+	Use Non-Zero Winding Fill Rule	使用非零纏繞填色規則
+	Use Precise Cursors	使用精確游標
+	Use Pressure Pen	使用壓感筆
+	Use Preview Bounds	使用預覽邊界
+	Use Registration Point for Symbol	符號使用參考點
+	Use Square for Previews	預覽使用方形
+	Use Text for Previews	預覽使用文字
+	Use the document's swatch: pasted colors take its color.	使用文件的色票：貼上的顏色會採用其顏色。
+	Use the Selected Text's Font	使用選取文字的字體
+	Use Typographer's Quotes	使用印刷體引號
+	User Defined	使用者定義
+	User Defined Libraries	使用者定義資料庫
+	User Graphic Style Library 1	使用者繪圖樣式資料庫 1
+	User Graphic Style Library 10	使用者繪圖樣式資料庫 10
+	User Graphic Style Library 2	使用者繪圖樣式資料庫 2
+	User Graphic Style Library 3	使用者繪圖樣式資料庫 3
+	User Graphic Style Library 4	使用者繪圖樣式資料庫 4
+	User Graphic Style Library 5	使用者繪圖樣式資料庫 5
+	User Graphic Style Library 6	使用者繪圖樣式資料庫 6
+	User Graphic Style Library 7	使用者繪圖樣式資料庫 7
+	User Graphic Style Library 8	使用者繪圖樣式資料庫 8
+	User Graphic Style Library 9	使用者繪圖樣式資料庫 9
+	User Interface	使用者介面
+	User Library	使用者資料庫
+	User Preset	使用者預設集
+	User Swatch Library 1	使用者色票資料庫 1
+	User Swatch Library 10	使用者色票資料庫 10
+	User Swatch Library 2	使用者色票資料庫 2
+	User Swatch Library 3	使用者色票資料庫 3
+	User Swatch Library 4	使用者色票資料庫 4
+	User Swatch Library 5	使用者色票資料庫 5
+	User Swatch Library 6	使用者色票資料庫 6
+	User Swatch Library 7	使用者色票資料庫 7
+	User Swatch Library 8	使用者色票資料庫 8
+	User Swatch Library 9	使用者色票資料庫 9
+	V Spacing:	垂直間距：
+	V:	V：
+	Variable Width Profile	可變寬度描述檔
+	Variables	變數
+	Variation:	變化：
+	Vector Effects	向量效果
+	Vector Halftone	向量半色調
+	Vector Halftone…	向量半色調…
+	Vector illustration — fast, open, scriptable.	向量插圖：快速、開放、可用指令碼操控。
+	VectorCraft	VectorCraft
+	VectorCraft didn't quit normally last time. These documents had unsaved changes:	VectorCraft 上次未正常結束。下列文件有未儲存的變更：
+	VectorCraft Help…	VectorCraft 說明…
+	VectorCraft on getartcraft.com	getartcraft.com 上的 VectorCraft
+	VectorCraft on GitHub	GitHub 上的 VectorCraft
+	Vectors	向量
+	Version {version} — open-source vector illustration in pure Rust.	版本 {version} — 以純 Rust 打造的開放原始碼向量插畫軟體。
+	Version:	版本：
+	Vertical	垂直
+	Vertical %	垂直 %
+	Vertical Align Bottom	垂直靠下對齊
+	Vertical Align Center	垂直置中對齊
+	Vertical Align Top	垂直靠上對齊
+	Vertical Area Type Tool	垂直區域文字工具
+	Vertical Distribute Bottom	垂直均分下緣
+	Vertical Distribute Center	垂直均分中心
+	Vertical Distribute Space	垂直均分間距
+	Vertical Distribute Top	垂直均分上緣
+	Vertical Scale %	垂直縮放 %
+	Vertical Type on a Path Tool	垂直路徑文字工具
+	Vertical Type Tool	垂直文字工具
+	Vertical:	垂直：
+	Very High	極高
+	View	檢視
+	View Artboard Only	僅檢視工作區域
+	View Opacity Mask	檢視不透明度遮色片
+	View PDF after saving	儲存後檢視 PDF
+	View {n}	檢視 {n}
+	Viewing Angle:	檢視角度：
+	Viewing Distance:	檢視距離：
+	W:	寬：
+	Warnings	警告
+	Warp	彎曲
+	Warp Options	彎曲選項
+	Warp Tool	彎曲工具
+	Wave…	波形…
+	Web	網頁
+	Web 1920×1080	網頁 1920×1080
+	Web Safe 216	網頁安全色 216
+	Web Safe RGB	網頁安全 RGB
+	Web Shift	網頁位移
+	Web Snap:	網頁靠齊：
+	Weight	寬度
+	Weight:	寬度：
+	Welcome to VectorCraft	歡迎使用 VectorCraft
+	When pasting text	貼上文字時
+	White	白色
+	Widget Position:	Widget 位置：
+	Width	寬度
+	Width and Height	寬度與高度
+	Width Point	寬度點
+	Width Point Edit	寬度點編輯
+	Width Point Edit…	寬度點編輯…
+	Width Profile	寬度描述檔
+	Width Profiles	寬度描述檔
+	Width Tool	寬度工具
+	Width:	寬度：
+	Window	視窗
+	Windows	Windows
+	Working CMYK	使用中的 CMYK
+	Working CMYK (don't tag)	工作 CMYK (不加標記)
+	Workspace	工作區
+	Workspace {i}	工作區 {i}
+	Wrinkle Tool	皺摺工具
+	Write Layers	寫入圖層
+	XML ID	XML ID
+	Yards	碼
+	Yellow	黃色
+	Your browser downloads the files (several as one .zip).	瀏覽器會下載這些檔案 (多個檔案會合為一個 .zip)。
+	Your changes will be lost if you don't save them.	若不儲存，您的變更將會遺失。
+	Zig Zag…	鋸齒化…
+	Zoom In	放大顯示
+	Zoom Out	縮小顯示
+	Zoom to Selection	縮放至選取範圍
+	Zoom Tool	縮放工具
+	Zoom with Mouse Wheel	使用滑鼠滾輪縮放
+	{count} file(s) in {folder}{note}. Show the package folder?	{folder} 中有 {count} 個檔案{note}。要顯示封裝資料夾嗎？
+	{count} linked file(s) not found	找不到 {count} 個連結檔案
+	{count} linked image(s) changed since this document was saved. Show the new versions?	自儲存此文件後，有 {count} 個連結影像已變更。要顯示新版本嗎？
+	{count} more rules: Export writes every one.	另有 {count} 條規則：匯出時會全部寫出。
+	{count} unnamed objects left out: name them, or turn on Unnamed Objects in the panel menu.	已略過 {count} 個未命名物件：請為它們命名，或在面板選單中開啟「未命名物件」。
+	{effect} is already applied	已套用 {effect}
+	{format} Options	{format} 選項
+	{kind} Gradient	{kind}漸層
+	{kind} Style Options…	{kind}樣式選項…
+	{kind}, {model}	{kind}，{model}
+	{name} (spot)	{name} (特別色)
+	{pages} in all, {count} per copy	共 {pages}，每份 {count}
+	{page} of {count}	第 {page} 頁，共 {count} 頁
+	{percent}% opacity	不透明度 {percent}%
+	{secs} sec	{secs} 秒
+	{shortcut} with the tool sizes the brush	以工具搭配 {shortcut} 調整筆刷大小
+	{title} (selection)	{title} (選取範圍)
+	{tool} Options	{tool}選項
+	{tool} Tool Options	{tool}工具選項
+	{warning}: click to correct to the closest color ({hex})	{warning}：按一下以修正為最接近的顏色 ({hex})
+	“{file}” is protected by a password.	「{file}」受密碼保護。
+	● Recording	● 錄製中
+@plural	{n} item|{n} items	{n} 個項目
+@plural	Color Table ({n} color)|Color Table ({n} colors)	色彩表 ({n} 色)
+@plural	Delete this {n} graphic style?|Delete these {n} graphic styles?	要刪除這 {n} 個繪圖樣式嗎？
+@plural	{n} Layer|{n} Layers	{n} 個圖層
+@plural	{n} Object|{n} Objects	{n} 個物件
+@plural	{n} area highlighted|{n} areas highlighted	已標示 {n} 個區域
+@plural	{n} color|{n} colors	{n} 色
+@plural	{n} fill|{n} fills	{n} 個填色
+@plural	{n} glyph|{n} glyphs	{n} 個字符
+@plural	{n} object highlighted|{n} objects highlighted	已標示 {n} 個物件
+@plural	{n} star|{n} stars	{n} 個星芒
+@plural	{n} step|{n} steps	{n} 個步驟
+@plural	{n} stroke|{n} strokes	{n} 個筆畫
+	 the object to select  |  	物件以選取  |  
+	 to select multiple objects  |  	可選取多個物件  |  
+	 the object to duplicate	物件可製作複本
+	 an anchor or path segment to select it  |  	錨點或路徑線段以選取  |  
+	 to move  |  	可移動  |  
+	 to add	可新增
+	 to add a corner point  |  	可新增尖角錨點  |  
+	 to add a smooth point  |  	可新增平滑錨點  |  
+	 to close  |  	可封閉路徑  |  
+	 to finish	可結束
+	 to add smooth points  |  	可新增平滑錨點  |  
+	 to toggle corner  |  	可切換尖角  |  
+	 to create point type  |  	可建立點狀文字  |  
+	 to create area type  |  	可建立區域文字  |  
+	 to exit editing	可結束編輯
+	 to draw  |  	可繪製  |  
+	 to constrain proportions  |  	可等比例  |  
+	 from center  |  	可從中心繪製  |  
+	 for exact size	可輸入精確尺寸
+	 to set the reference point  |  	可設定參考點  |  
+	 to transform  |  	可變形  |  
+	 for exact values	可輸入精確數值
+	 to pan the view	可平移檢視
+	 to zoom in  |  	可放大  |  
+	 to zoom out  |  	可縮小  |  
+	 to zoom into an area	可放大至指定區域
+	 an object to copy its attributes  |  	物件可複製其屬性  |  
+	 to apply the selection's to it  |  	可將選取範圍的屬性套用至該物件  |  
+	 to sample a color	可取樣顏色
+	 across a selected object to set the gradient direction	橫越所選物件可設定漸層方向
+	 to select an artboard  |  	可選取工作區域  |  
+	 on the canvas to create one	畫布可建立工作區域
+	 a stroke to add a width point  |  	筆畫可新增寬度點  |  
+	 to change one side  |  	可只變更單側  |  
+	 to select more points  |  	可選取更多點  |  
+	 a point to edit it  |  	寬度點可編輯  |  
+	 to remove points	可移除點
+	 the art to add a pin  |  	圖稿可新增圖釘  |  
+	 to select more pins  |  	可選取更多圖釘  |  
+	 a pin to warp  |  	圖釘可彎曲  |  
+	 near a selected pin to rotate  |  	所選圖釘附近可旋轉  |  
+	 to remove pins	可移除圖釘
+	 across paths to push them along  |  	橫越路徑可推移路徑  |  
+	 to size the brush (	可調整筆刷大小 (
+	 keeps its proportions)	可維持比例)
+	 over paths, and hold still to keep going  |  	經過路徑，停住不動可持續作用  |  
+	 over paths to roughen their outlines  |  	經過路徑可使外框粗糙化  |  
+	 to move in perspective  |  	可在透視中移動  |  
+	 to copy  |  	可複製  |  
+	 while dragging to move perpendicular to the plane  |  	拖曳時可垂直於平面移動  |  
+	 to scale in perspective	可在透視中縮放
+	 an object, then another to blend them  |  	一個物件，再按另一個可建立漸變  |  
+	 to blend from it  |  	可從該處開始漸變  |  
+	 to set spacing and orientation	可設定間距與方向
+	:	：
+	Isolate Selected Group	隔離選取的群組
+	Release Clipping Mask	釋放剪裁遮色片
+	Make Compound Path	製作複合路徑
+	Release Compound Path	釋放複合路徑
+	  — substituted by {style}	  — 以 {style} 取代
+	  — {n} characters from another font	  — {n} 個字符來自其他字體
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/lib.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/lib.rs
index 81cff3729..3cf4855b7 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/lib.rs
@@ -5,6 +5,14 @@
 //! shortcuts, the ⌘K palette and the control channel ([`control`]).
 #![forbid(unsafe_code)]
 
+/// Translate a UI string literal into the language the UI is drawn in (see [`i18n`]).
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! tl {
+    ($s:expr) => {
+        $crate::i18n::t($s)
+    };
+}
+
 pub mod background;
 mod brand;
 pub mod canvas;
@@ -640,6 +648,14 @@ impl VectorcraftApp {
 /// eframe isn't a dependency of this crate (the host owns the event loop); these entry points are
 /// called from the host's `eframe::App` impl.
 impl VectorcraftApp {
+    /// The language the UI is drawn in: the Preferences dialog's choice while it is open (so a
+    /// change shows before OK), else the `interfaceLanguage` preference (`auto` = the system's).
+    pub fn ui_language(&self) -> i18n::Lang {
+        let editing =
+            self.ui.dialog.as_ref().filter(|d| d.kind == "preferences").and_then(|d| d.fields.get("interfaceLanguage")).and_then(Value::as_str);
+        i18n::Lang::from_pref(editing.unwrap_or(&self.session.prefs.interface_language))
+    }
+
     /// Per-frame logic before layout (control channel, shortcuts, inbox). A bug that panics costs
     /// one frame and shows an error, instead of closing the app with unsaved work.
     pub fn logic(&mut self, ctx: &egui::Context) {
@@ -649,6 +665,7 @@ impl VectorcraftApp {
     }
 
     fn logic_frame(&mut self, ctx: &egui::Context) {
+        i18n::set_current(self.ui_language());
         if !self.styled {
             theme::install_fonts(ctx);
             theme::apply(ctx, self.ui.brightness);
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/menus.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/menus.rs
index e99e1ad4c..d58b2e387 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/menus.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/menus.rs
@@ -50,7 +50,12 @@ use Item::Sep;
 
 /// UI-level commands: (id, label, shortcut, params doc).
 pub const UI_COMMANDS: &[(&str, &str, &str, &str)] = &[
-    ("app.language", "Interface Language", "", "{lang: en|ja|cs} — persistent interface language"),
+    (
+        "app.language",
+        "Interface Language",
+        "",
+        "{lang: auto|<code>} the interface language, persisted as the `interfaceLanguage` preference (`auto` follows the system locale; codes: prefs.list › interfaceLanguage, e.g. en, ja, cs, zh-hant)",
+    ),
     ("file.open", "Open…", "Cmd+O", "{path?}"),
     (
         "file.save",
@@ -673,10 +678,16 @@ pub const UI_COMMANDS: &[(&str, &str, &str, &str)] = &[
 /// Handle a UI command. `None` = not a UI command (the engine handles it).
 pub fn run_ui_command(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, id: &str, p: &Value) -> Option<Result<Value, String>> {
     if id == "app.language" {
-        let language = p.get("lang").and_then(Value::as_str).and_then(crate::i18n::Language::parse);
-        let Some(language) = language else { return Some(Err("lang must be en, ja or cs".into())) };
-        app.ui.language = language;
-        return Some(Ok(json!(language)));
+        let lang = p.get("lang").and_then(Value::as_str).unwrap_or("");
+        let value = if lang.eq_ignore_ascii_case("auto") {
+            "auto".to_string()
+        } else if let Some(l) = crate::i18n::Lang::from_code(lang) {
+            l.code().to_string()
+        } else {
+            let codes: Vec<&str> = std::iter::once("auto").chain(crate::i18n::Lang::all().map(|l| l.code())).collect();
+            return Some(Err(format!("lang must be one of {}", codes.join(", "))));
+        };
+        return Some(app.run("prefs.set", json!({"key": "interfaceLanguage", "value": value})).map(|_| json!(value)));
     }
     if let Some(r) = crate::panels::character::intercept_text_command(app, id) {
         return Some(r);
@@ -1110,7 +1121,13 @@ pub fn run_ui_command(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, id: &str, p: &Value) -> Option<R
 /// Checked state for toggle items.
 pub fn checked(app: &VectorcraftApp, id: &str, p: &Value) -> Option<bool> {
     if id == "app.language" {
-        return Some(p.get("lang").and_then(Value::as_str).and_then(crate::i18n::Language::parse) == Some(app.ui.language));
+        let lang = p.get("lang").and_then(Value::as_str).unwrap_or("");
+        let pref = app.session.prefs.interface_language.as_str();
+        return Some(if lang.eq_ignore_ascii_case("auto") {
+            crate::i18n::Lang::from_code(pref).is_none()
+        } else {
+            crate::i18n::Lang::from_code(pref).is_some_and(|l| l.code().eq_ignore_ascii_case(lang))
+        });
     }
     let v = &app.ui.view;
     Some(match id {
@@ -1241,6 +1258,33 @@ pub fn dynamic_label(app: &VectorcraftApp, id: &str, label: &str) -> String {
     }
 }
 
+/// The label of a menu item as drawn: [`dynamic_label`] in the UI language. Labels assembled
+/// around a name (Undo *Move*, Reset *Essentials*, Last Effect: *Drop Shadow*) are translated as
+/// templates so the name can move; names that are user data (files, views, fonts) pass through.
+pub fn display_label(app: &VectorcraftApp, id: &str, label: &str) -> String {
+    let lang = crate::i18n::current();
+    let fmt = crate::i18n::fmt;
+    match id {
+        "edit.undo" | "edit.redo" => {
+            let last = app.session.active().and_then(|d| if id == "edit.undo" { d.history.undo.last() } else { d.history.redo.last() });
+            match last {
+                Some(h) if id == "edit.undo" => fmt(tl!("Undo {name}"), &[("name", tl!(&h.label))]),
+                Some(h) => fmt(tl!("Redo {name}"), &[("name", tl!(&h.label))]),
+                None => tl!(if id == "edit.undo" { "Undo" } else { "Redo" }).to_string(),
+            }
+        }
+        "window.workspace.reset" => fmt(tl!("Reset {name}"), &[("name", tl!(&app.ui.workspace))]),
+        "effect.last" => match &app.last_effect {
+            Some((e, _)) => {
+                let name = vectorcraft_effects::effect_info(e).map(|i| i.label).unwrap_or(e.as_str());
+                fmt(tl!("Last Effect: {name}"), &[("name", tl!(name))])
+            }
+            None => crate::i18n::tr_id(lang, id, label).to_string(),
+        },
+        _ => crate::i18n::tr_id(lang, id, &dynamic_label(app, id, label)).to_string(),
+    }
+}
+
 /// Menu slots that are left out while they have nothing to show (unused saved views, recent files,
 /// User Defined swatch and graphic style libraries).
 fn hidden_when_disabled(id: &str) -> bool {
@@ -1466,11 +1510,10 @@ pub fn menu_tree() -> Vec<(&'static str, Vec<Item>)> {
                 c("Settings…", "edit.preferences"),
                 sub(
                     "Language",
-                    vec![
-                        cp("English", "app.language", json!({"lang": "en"})),
-                        cp("日本語", "app.language", json!({"lang": "ja"})),
-                        cp("Čeština", "app.language", json!({"lang": "cs"})),
-                    ],
+                    std::iter::once(cp("Automatic", "app.language", json!({"lang": "auto"})))
+                        .chain(std::iter::once(Sep))
+                        .chain(crate::i18n::Lang::all().map(|l| cp(l.name(), "app.language", json!({"lang": l.code()}))))
+                        .collect(),
                 ),
                 Sep,
                 sub("UI Brightness", Brightness::ALL.iter().map(|b| cp(b.label(), "window.brightness", json!({"brightness": b.id()}))).collect()),
@@ -2244,9 +2287,9 @@ pub fn menu_bar(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) -> f32 {
         .ui(ui, |ui| {
             for (i, (title, items)) in tree.iter().enumerate() {
                 let text = if i == 0 {
-                    egui::RichText::new(app.ui.language.tr(title)).font(theme::semibold(13.0)).color(t.text)
+                    egui::RichText::new(tl!(title)).font(theme::semibold(13.0)).color(t.text)
                 } else {
-                    egui::RichText::new(app.ui.language.tr(title)).size(13.0).color(t.text)
+                    egui::RichText::new(tl!(title)).size(13.0).color(t.text)
                 };
                 ui.menu_button(text, |ui| menu_body(app, ui, items, &mut clicked));
             }
@@ -2278,10 +2321,10 @@ fn render_items(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, items: &[Item], checks:
                 ui.separator();
             }
             Item::Header(h) => {
-                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(app.ui.language.tr(h)).size(11.0).color(t.text_dim));
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(h)).size(11.0).color(t.text_dim));
             }
             Item::Sub(label, children) => {
-                ui.menu_button(app.ui.language.tr(label), |ui| {
+                ui.menu_button(tl!(label), |ui| {
                     widgets::menu_scroll(ui, |ui| {
                         ui.set_min_width(200.0);
                         render_items(app, ui, children, checks, clicked);
@@ -2290,10 +2333,10 @@ fn render_items(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, items: &[Item], checks:
             }
             Item::Todo(label, sc) => {
                 ui.add_enabled_ui(false, |ui| {
-                    ui.add(egui::Button::new(app.ui.language.tr(label)).shortcut_text(pretty_shortcut(sc)));
+                    ui.add(egui::Button::new(tl!(label)).shortcut_text(pretty_shortcut(sc)));
                 })
                 .response
-                .on_disabled_hover_text("Coming soon — tracked in the parity plan");
+                .on_disabled_hover_text(tl!("Coming soon — tracked in the parity plan"));
             }
             Item::Cmd(label, id, p) => {
                 let en = enabled(app, id);
@@ -2301,8 +2344,7 @@ fn render_items(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, items: &[Item], checks:
                 if (!en && hidden_when_disabled(id)) || swapped_out(app, id) {
                     continue;
                 }
-                let label = dynamic_label(app, id, label);
-                let label = app.ui.language.tr(&label).to_string();
+                let label = display_label(app, id, label);
                 let sc = item_shortcut(id, p).map(pretty_shortcut).unwrap_or_default();
                 let chk = checks.then(|| checked(app, id, p)).flatten();
                 let text = match chk {
@@ -2729,6 +2771,127 @@ pub fn item_shortcut(id: &str, p: &Value) -> Option<&'static str> {
     }
 }
 
+/// Labels only the canvas context menu ([`context_items`]) shows, so the catalog tests can insist
+/// every one of them is translated (a test checks the list against the menu).
+pub const CONTEXT_LABELS: &[&str] = &[
+    "Isolate Selected Group",
+    "Exit Isolation Mode",
+    "Make Clipping Mask",
+    "Release Clipping Mask",
+    "Make Compound Path",
+    "Release Compound Path",
+    "Select All",
+];
+
+/// The labels [`dynamic_label`] can show in place of an item's own (Show/Hide pairs and the like),
+/// so the catalog tests can insist every one of them is translated.
+pub const DYNAMIC_LABELS: &[&str] = &[
+    "Preview",
+    "Outline",
+    "Hide Edges",
+    "Show Edges",
+    "Hide Corner Widget",
+    "Show Corner Widget",
+    "Hide Text Threads",
+    "Show Text Threads",
+    "Hide Hidden Characters",
+    "Show Hidden Characters",
+    "Hide Gradient Annotator",
+    "Show Gradient Annotator",
+    "Hide Artboards",
+    "Show Artboards",
+    "Hide Rulers",
+    "Show Rulers",
+    "Hide Bounding Box",
+    "Show Bounding Box",
+    "Hide Transparency Grid",
+    "Show Transparency Grid",
+    "Hide Guides",
+    "Show Guides",
+    "Hide Grid",
+    "Show Grid",
+    "Unlock Guides",
+    "Lock Guides",
+    "Show Slices",
+    "Hide Slices",
+    "Hide Print Tiling",
+    "Show Print Tiling",
+    "Edit Envelope",
+    "Edit Contents",
+    "Undo",
+    "Redo",
+    "Unlock Grid",
+    "Lock Grid",
+];
+
+/// Every English string the menus, the command palette, the panel registry, the toolbar and the
+/// Preferences dialog can show: what a complete language catalog has to cover. Names that are user
+/// data (fonts, recent files, saved views, libraries) and the point sizes are left out.
+pub fn menu_strings() -> std::collections::BTreeSet<String> {
+    use std::collections::BTreeSet;
+    fn user_data(id: &str) -> bool {
+        hidden_when_disabled(id) || id.starts_with("type.recentFont")
+    }
+    fn walk(items: &[Item], under: &str, out: &mut BTreeSet<String>) {
+        for it in items {
+            match it {
+                Item::Cmd(l, id, _) => {
+                    let size = l.strip_suffix(" pt").is_some_and(|n| n.chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_digit()));
+                    // VectorCraft › Language lists each language by its own name.
+                    let language_name = *id == "app.language" && crate::i18n::Lang::all().any(|lang| lang.name() == *l);
+                    if !user_data(id) && !size && !language_name && *l != "—" {
+                        out.insert(l.to_string());
+                    }
+                }
+                Item::Todo(l, _) | Item::Header(l) => {
+                    out.insert(l.to_string());
+                }
+                Item::Sub(l, children) => {
+                    out.insert(l.to_string());
+                    // Type › Font lists the installed families: names, not UI text.
+                    if !(under == "Type" && *l == "Font") {
+                        walk(children, l, out);
+                    }
+                }
+                Item::Sep => {}
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    let mut out = BTreeSet::new();
+    for (title, items) in menu_tree() {
+        out.insert(title.to_string());
+        walk(&items, title, &mut out);
+    }
+    out.extend(DYNAMIC_LABELS.iter().map(|s| s.to_string()));
+    out.extend(CONTEXT_LABELS.iter().map(|s| s.to_string()));
+    out.extend(UI_COMMANDS.iter().map(|c| c.1.to_string()));
+    for c in vectorcraft_engine::cmd::command_specs() {
+        out.insert(c.label.to_string());
+        out.extend(c.menu.iter().map(|m| m.to_string()));
+    }
+    out.extend(ICON_PANELS.iter().map(|p| p.1.to_string()));
+    out.extend(["Properties", "Layers", "Libraries"].map(str::to_string));
+    out.extend(vectorcraft_tools::catalog::all_tools().map(|t| t.label.to_string()));
+    out.extend(crate::toolbar::BASIC.iter().map(|c| c.0.to_string()));
+    out.extend(vectorcraft_color::BlendMode::ALL.iter().map(|m| m.label().to_string()));
+    out.extend(vectorcraft_effects::effect_catalog().iter().map(|e| e.label.to_string()));
+    out.extend(vectorcraft_engine::cmd::prefscmds::PREF_CATEGORIES.iter().map(|c| c.to_string()));
+    for sp in vectorcraft_engine::cmd::prefscmds::PREF_SPECS {
+        out.insert(sp.label.to_string());
+        if !sp.section.is_empty() {
+            out.insert(sp.section.to_string());
+        }
+        if let vectorcraft_engine::cmd::prefscmds::PrefKind::Choice(opts) = sp.kind {
+            out.extend(opts.iter().map(|o| o.1.to_string()));
+        }
+    }
+    out.extend(crate::prefs_dialog::UI_FIELDS.iter().map(|f| f.2.to_string()));
+    out.extend(crate::dialogs::button_labels().into_iter().map(str::to_string));
+    out.extend(crate::chrome::hint_strings().into_iter().map(str::to_string));
+    out.remove("");
+    out
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/palette.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/palette.rs
index 31ac6527d..aa7699c3d 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/palette.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/palette.rs
@@ -23,6 +23,12 @@ pub fn items() -> Vec<(String, String, String)> {
     items
 }
 
+/// A palette label in the UI language: each `›`-separated menu segment and the command label
+/// translate on their own.
+fn shown_label(label: &str) -> String {
+    label.split(" › ").map(crate::i18n::t).collect::<Vec<_>>().join(" › ")
+}
+
 pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
     if !app.ui.palette_open {
         return;
@@ -32,19 +38,28 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
     let items = items();
     let matches: Vec<&(String, String, String)> = items
         .iter()
-        .filter(|(l, id, _)| q.is_empty() || q.split_whitespace().all(|w| l.to_lowercase().contains(w) || id.to_lowercase().contains(w)))
+        .filter(|(l, id, _)| {
+            q.is_empty() || {
+                // Match the English text (what agents document), the shown text and the id.
+                let shown = shown_label(l).to_lowercase();
+                q.split_whitespace().all(|w| l.to_lowercase().contains(w) || shown.contains(w) || id.to_lowercase().contains(w))
+            }
+        })
         .take(14)
         .collect();
     let mut run: Option<String> = None;
     egui::Area::new(egui::Id::new("palette")).order(egui::Order::Foreground).anchor(egui::Align2::CENTER_TOP, [0.0, 90.0]).show(ctx, |ui| {
         egui::Frame::popup(ui.style()).fill(t.panel).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(10)).show(ui, |ui| {
             ui.set_width(520.0);
-            let r = ui.add(egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut app.ui.palette_query).hint_text("Search commands and tools…").desired_width(500.0));
+            let r = ui.add(egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut app.ui.palette_query).hint_text(tl!("Search commands and tools…")).desired_width(500.0));
             r.request_focus();
             ui.add_space(6.0);
             for (i, (label, id, sc)) in matches.iter().enumerate() {
                 let resp = ui.add(
-                    egui::Button::new(label.as_str()).shortcut_text(menus::pretty_shortcut(sc)).min_size(egui::vec2(500.0, 24.0)).selected(i == 0),
+                    egui::Button::new(shown_label(label))
+                        .shortcut_text(menus::pretty_shortcut(sc))
+                        .min_size(egui::vec2(500.0, 24.0))
+                        .selected(i == 0),
                 );
                 if resp.clicked() {
                     run = Some(id.clone());
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/actions.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/actions.rs
index b33b407bb..3ad51aa19 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/actions.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/actions.rs
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
                 ui.painter().text(
                     r.right_center() - egui::vec2(6.0, 0.0),
                     egui::Align2::RIGHT_CENTER,
-                    format!("{} step{}", a.steps.len(), if a.steps.len() == 1 { "" } else { "s" }),
+                    crate::i18n::tn(a.steps.len() as u64, "{n} step", "{n} steps"),
                     egui::FontId::proportional(11.0),
                     t.text_dim,
                 );
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
     // Bottom bar: stop, record, play, new, delete.
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         let recording = app.ui.recording.is_some();
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "square", "Stop Playing/Recording", false, 24.0).clicked()
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "square", tl!("Stop Playing/Recording"), false, 24.0).clicked()
             && let Some((set, name, start)) = app.ui.recording.take()
         {
             let steps = app.session.journal_for_action(start);
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
         }
         let (r, resp) = ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(24.0, 24.0), egui::Sense::click());
         ui.painter().circle_filled(r.center(), 6.0, if recording { egui::Color32::from_rgb(0xe0, 0x30, 0x30) } else { t.icon });
-        if resp.on_hover_text("Begin Recording").clicked() && !recording {
+        if resp.on_hover_text(tl!("Begin Recording")).clicked() && !recording {
             let n = app.ui.action_sets.first().map(|s| s.actions.len()).unwrap_or(0) + 1;
             if app.ui.action_sets.is_empty() {
                 app.ui.action_sets.push(ActionSet { name: "Set 1".into(), actions: vec![] });
@@ -112,12 +112,12 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
             let set = selected.map(|s| s.0).unwrap_or(0);
             app.ui.recording = Some((set, format!("Action {n}"), app.session.journal.len()));
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-actions", "Play Current Selection", false, 24.0).clicked()
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-actions", tl!("Play Current Selection"), false, 24.0).clicked()
             && let Some(s) = selected
         {
             play_req = Some(s);
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "trash-2", "Delete Selection", false, 24.0).clicked()
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "trash-2", tl!("Delete Selection"), false, 24.0).clicked()
             && let Some((si, ai)) = selected
             && let Some(s) = app.ui.action_sets.get_mut(si)
             && ai < s.actions.len()
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
             ui.data_mut(|d| d.insert_temp::<Option<(usize, usize)>>(selected_id, None));
         }
         if recording {
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new("● Recording").color(egui::Color32::from_rgb(0xe0, 0x30, 0x30)));
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("● Recording")).color(egui::Color32::from_rgb(0xe0, 0x30, 0x30)));
         }
     });
     if let Some((si, ai)) = play_req
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
     }
     let _ = icons::exists;
     if app.ui.action_sets.is_empty() {
-        dim_label(ui, "No actions. Press ● to record.");
+        dim_label(ui, tl!("No actions. Press ● to record."));
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/align.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/align.rs
index 16d4d2095..a469412f6 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/align.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/align.rs
@@ -55,27 +55,27 @@ pub const DISTRIBUTE: [(&str, &str, &str, &str); 6] = [
 pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let n = selection_len(app);
     let to: AlignTo = pstate(ui.ctx(), "align-to");
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Align Objects:");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Align Objects:"));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.x = 5.0;
         for (i, (icon, tip, axis, v)) in ALIGN.iter().enumerate() {
             if i == 3 {
                 ui.add_space(6.0);
             }
-            if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, icon, tip, false, n >= 1, 32.0).clicked() {
+            if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, icon, tl!(tip), false, n >= 1, 32.0).clicked() {
                 app.run("object.align", align_params(json!({*axis: v}), to, n)).ok();
             }
         }
     });
     widgets::divider(ui);
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Distribute Objects:");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Distribute Objects:"));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.x = 5.0;
         for (i, (icon, tip, axis, v)) in DISTRIBUTE.iter().enumerate() {
             if i == 3 {
                 ui.add_space(6.0);
             }
-            if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, icon, tip, false, n >= 2, 32.0).clicked() {
+            if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, icon, tl!(tip), false, n >= 2, 32.0).clicked() {
                 app.run("object.distribute", json!({*axis: v})).ok();
             }
         }
@@ -86,16 +86,16 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     widgets::divider(ui);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
-            widgets::subheader(ui, "Distribute Spacing:");
+            widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Distribute Spacing:"));
             let spacing: f64 = pstate::<Option<f64>>(ui.ctx(), "align-spacing").unwrap_or(0.0);
             let key = to == AlignTo::Key;
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
                 let on = n >= 2;
                 let sp = if key { Some(spacing) } else { None };
-                if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-dist-vspace", "Vertical Distribute Space", false, on, 28.0).clicked() {
+                if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-dist-vspace", tl!("Vertical Distribute Space"), false, on, 28.0).clicked() {
                     app.run("object.distributeSpacing", json!({"axis": "vertical", "spacing": sp})).ok();
                 }
-                if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-dist-hspace", "Horizontal Distribute Space", false, on, 28.0).clicked() {
+                if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-dist-hspace", tl!("Horizontal Distribute Space"), false, on, 28.0).clicked() {
                     app.run("object.distributeSpacing", json!({"axis": "horizontal", "spacing": sp})).ok();
                 }
                 ui.add_enabled_ui(key, |ui| {
@@ -107,14 +107,14 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         });
         ui.separator();
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
-            widgets::subheader(ui, "Align To:");
+            widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Align To:"));
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
                 for (v, icon, tip) in [
-                    (AlignTo::Selection, "dc-alignto-selection", "Align to Selection"),
-                    (AlignTo::Key, "dc-alignto-key", "Align to Key Object"),
-                    (AlignTo::Artboard, "dc-alignto-artboard", "Align to Artboard"),
+                    (AlignTo::Selection, "dc-alignto-selection", tl!("Align to Selection")),
+                    (AlignTo::Key, "dc-alignto-key", tl!("Align to Key Object")),
+                    (AlignTo::Artboard, "dc-alignto-artboard", tl!("Align to Artboard")),
                 ] {
-                    if widgets::icon_button(ui, icon, tip, to == v, 28.0).clicked() {
+                    if widgets::icon_button(ui, icon, tl!(tip), to == v, 28.0).clicked() {
                         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "align-to", v);
                     }
                 }
@@ -125,19 +125,19 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let hidden: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), "align-hide-options");
-    if menu_item(ui, if hidden { "Show Options" } else { "Hide Options" }, true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, if hidden { tl!("Show Options") } else { tl!("Hide Options") }, true, false) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "align-hide-options", !hidden);
     }
     let pb = app.session.prefs.use_preview_bounds;
-    if menu_item(ui, "Use Preview Bounds", true, pb) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Use Preview Bounds"), true, pb) {
         super::transform::set_pref(app, "usePreviewBounds", !pb);
     }
     let to: AlignTo = pstate(ui.ctx(), "align-to");
-    if menu_item(ui, "Cancel Key Object", to == AlignTo::Key, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Cancel Key Object"), to == AlignTo::Key, false) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "align-to", AlignTo::Selection);
         app.run("select.key", json!({})).ok();
     }
-    menu_item(ui, "Align to Glyph Bounds", false, false);
+    menu_item(ui, tl!("Align to Glyph Bounds"), false, false);
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/appearance.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/appearance.rs
index 2f4822eaa..32d0d990e 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/appearance.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/appearance.rs
@@ -157,11 +157,11 @@ pub fn effect_label(id: &str) -> String {
 /// "Opacity: Default" or "Opacity: 50% Multiply".
 pub fn opacity_text(opacity: f32, blend: BlendMode) -> String {
     if (opacity - 1.0).abs() < 1e-4 && blend == BlendMode::Normal {
-        "Default".into()
+        tl!("Default").into()
     } else if blend == BlendMode::Normal {
         format!("{:.0}%", opacity * 100.0)
     } else {
-        format!("{:.0}% {}", opacity * 100.0, blend.label())
+        format!("{:.0}% {}", opacity * 100.0, tl!(blend.label()))
     }
 }
 
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ fn eye(ui: &mut Ui, r: Rect, id: impl std::hash::Hash + std::fmt::Debug, on: boo
         t.icon
     };
     icons::paint(ui, if on { "eye" } else { "eye-off" }, er, col);
-    enabled && resp.on_hover_text("Click to toggle visibility").clicked()
+    enabled && resp.on_hover_text(tl!("Click to toggle visibility")).clicked()
 }
 
 fn chevron(ui: &mut Ui, r: Rect, id: impl std::hash::Hash + std::fmt::Debug, open: bool) -> bool {
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         }
         ui.painter().line_segment([r.left_bottom(), r.right_bottom()], Stroke::new(1.0, t.input_border));
         let mixed = mixed_appearances(app);
-        let label = if mixed { "Mixed Appearances" } else { object_label(app) };
+        let label = if mixed { tl!("Mixed Appearances") } else { tl!(object_label(app)) };
         // A linked object names its graphic style ("Rectangle: Sunshine"), and so does new art
         // with nothing selected.
         let style = match app.session.selection_graphic_style() {
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 /// The object row's thumbnail drags this object's appearance onto art ([`PanelDrag::Appearance`];
 /// a chip of its fill follows the pointer).
 fn thumbnail_drag(ui: &mut Ui, th: Rect, id: NodeId) {
-    let resp = ui.interact(th, ui.id().with("ap-thumb"), Sense::drag()).on_hover_text("Drag onto art to apply this appearance");
+    let resp = ui.interact(th, ui.id().with("ap-thumb"), Sense::drag()).on_hover_text(tl!("Drag onto art to apply this appearance"));
     widgets::drag_source(ui, &resp, || PanelDrag::Appearance(id));
     if resp.dragged() {
         ui.ctx().set_cursor_icon(egui::CursorIcon::Grabbing);
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ fn default_stack(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let fx = |ui: &mut Ui, e: &Effect, id: (Option<usize>, usize)| {
         let (r, _) = row(ui, false);
         eye(ui, r, ("ap-def-fx", id), e.visible, false);
-        text(ui, pos2(r.left() + EYE_W + 24.0 + if id.0.is_some() { 12.0 } else { 0.0 }, r.center().y), &effect_label(&e.id), false);
+        text(ui, pos2(r.left() + EYE_W + 24.0 + if id.0.is_some() { 12.0 } else { 0.0 }, r.center().y), tl!(&effect_label(&e.id)), false);
         icons::paint(ui, "dc-fx", Rect::from_center_size(r.right_center() - vec2(14.0, 0.0), vec2(16.0, 16.0)), t.icon);
     };
     for (i, it) in ap.items.iter().enumerate().rev() {
@@ -328,8 +328,8 @@ fn default_stack(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         eye(ui, r, ("ap-def-eye", i), it.visible(), false);
         let lx = r.left() + EYE_W + 24.0;
         if it.is_fill() {
-            text(ui, pos2(lx, r.center().y), "Fill:", false);
-        } else if link(ui, pos2(lx, r.center().y), ("ap-def-link", i), "Stroke:") {
+            text(ui, pos2(lx, r.center().y), tl!("Fill:"), false);
+        } else if link(ui, pos2(lx, r.center().y), ("ap-def-link", i), tl!("Stroke:")) {
             app.ui.open_panel = Some("stroke".into());
         }
         chip(ui, Rect::from_min_size(pos2(r.left() + EYE_W + 76.0, r.center().y - 9.0), vec2(18.0, 18.0)), it.paint());
@@ -347,7 +347,12 @@ fn default_stack(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     }
     let (r, _) = row(ui, false);
     eye(ui, r, "ap-def-op", true, false);
-    text(ui, r.left_center() + vec2(EYE_W + 24.0, 0.0), &format!("Opacity: {}", opacity_text(opacity, blend)), false);
+    text(
+        ui,
+        r.left_center() + vec2(EYE_W + 24.0, 0.0),
+        &crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Opacity: {value}"), &[("value", &opacity_text(opacity, blend))]),
+        false,
+    );
 }
 
 /// A stack row being dragged.
@@ -409,12 +414,12 @@ fn stack(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, n: &Node, sel: Sel, object_row:
         }
         let lx = r.left() + EYE_W + 24.0;
         if is_stroke {
-            if link(ui, pos2(lx, r.center().y), ("ap-link", i), "Stroke:") {
+            if link(ui, pos2(lx, r.center().y), ("ap-link", i), tl!("Stroke:")) {
                 select_row(app, ui.ctx(), Sel::Item(i));
                 app.ui.open_panel = Some("stroke".into());
             }
         } else {
-            text(ui, pos2(lx, r.center().y), "Fill:", false);
+            text(ui, pos2(lx, r.center().y), tl!("Fill:"), false);
         }
         // Swatch with a swatches popup that sets this item's paint; Shift-click opens the Color
         // panel's mixer on this row instead.
@@ -422,7 +427,7 @@ fn stack(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, n: &Node, sel: Sel, object_row:
         chip(ui, cr, paint);
         let cresp = ui
             .interact(cr.expand(2.0), ui.id().with(("ap-chip", i)), Sense::click())
-            .on_hover_text("Click to choose a swatch, Shift-click to mix a colour");
+            .on_hover_text(tl!("Click to choose a swatch, Shift-click to mix a colour"));
         let mixer = cresp.clicked() && ui.input(|inp| inp.modifiers.shift);
         if mixer {
             select_row(app, ui.ctx(), Sel::Item(i));
@@ -597,7 +602,7 @@ fn drop_command(n: &Node, rows: &[(Slot, Rect)], what: Dragged, p: egui::Pos2, c
 fn contents_row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, n: &Node, label: &str, sel: Sel) -> (Rect, egui::Response) {
     let (r, resp) = row(ui, sel == Sel::Contents);
     eye(ui, r, "ap-contents-eye", true, false);
-    text(ui, pos2(r.left() + EYE_W + 24.0, r.center().y), label, false);
+    text(ui, pos2(r.left() + EYE_W + 24.0, r.center().y), tl!(label), false);
     let characters = matches!(n.kind, vectorcraft_doc::NodeKind::Text(_));
     if characters {
         for (k, stroke) in [false, true].into_iter().enumerate() {
@@ -605,7 +610,8 @@ fn contents_row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, n: &Node, label: &str, se
             chip(ui, cr, n.proxy_paint(stroke, None).map_or(&Paint::None, |(p, ..)| p));
         }
     }
-    let resp = resp.on_hover_text(if characters { "Double-click to edit the characters' paint" } else { "Double-click to target the contents" });
+    let resp =
+        resp.on_hover_text(if characters { tl!("Double-click to edit the characters' paint") } else { tl!("Double-click to target the contents") });
     if resp.clicked() || resp.double_clicked() {
         select_row(app, ui.ctx(), Sel::Contents);
     }
@@ -623,7 +629,7 @@ fn contents_row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, n: &Node, label: &str, se
 fn stroke_notes(ui: &Ui, r: Rect, st: &vectorcraft_doc::StrokeLayer) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let painter = ui.painter_at(r);
-    let dashed = st.dash.as_ref().is_some_and(|d| d.is_dashed()).then_some("Dashed");
+    let dashed = st.dash.as_ref().is_some_and(|d| d.is_dashed()).then_some(tl!("Dashed"));
     let notes: Vec<&str> = st.brush.as_deref().into_iter().chain(dashed).collect();
     let mut x = r.left();
     if !notes.is_empty() {
@@ -646,7 +652,7 @@ fn opacity_row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, item: Option<usize>, opaci
     let (r, resp) = row(ui, false);
     eye(ui, r, ("ap-op-eye", item), true, false);
     let lx = r.left() + EYE_W + 24.0 + if item.is_some() { 12.0 } else { 0.0 };
-    let clicked = link(ui, pos2(lx, r.center().y), ("ap-op-link", item), "Opacity:") || resp.clicked();
+    let clicked = link(ui, pos2(lx, r.center().y), ("ap-op-link", item), tl!("Opacity:")) || resp.clicked();
     text(ui, pos2(lx + 56.0, r.center().y), &opacity_text(opacity, blend), false);
     egui::Popup::menu(&resp)
         .open_memory(clicked.then_some(egui::SetOpenCommand::Toggle))
@@ -680,7 +686,7 @@ fn effect_row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, item: Option<usize>, k: usi
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), &open_key, !open);
     }
     let lx = r.left() + EYE_W + 24.0;
-    if link(ui, pos2(lx, r.center().y), ("ap-fx-link", item, k), &effect_label(&e.id)) {
+    if link(ui, pos2(lx, r.center().y), ("ap-fx-link", item, k), tl!(&effect_label(&e.id))) {
         select_row(app, ui.ctx(), this);
         if has_options(&e.id) {
             app.run("effect.dialog", json!({"effect": e.id, "index": k, "item": item})).ok();
@@ -722,12 +728,12 @@ fn effect_editor(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, item: Option<usize>, k:
     egui::Frame::NONE.fill(t.panel_darker).inner_margin(egui::Margin { left: (EYE_W + 12.0) as i8, right: 6, top: 4, bottom: 4 }).show(ui, |ui| {
         ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.y = 3.0;
         if params.is_empty() {
-            widgets::dim_label(ui, "No options");
+            widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("No options"));
         }
         for (key, v) in &params {
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
                 let label = humanize(key);
-                ui.add_sized(vec2(84.0, 22.0), egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(label).size(11.5).color(t.text)).truncate());
+                ui.add_sized(vec2(84.0, 22.0), egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(tl!(&label)).size(11.5).color(t.text)).truncate());
                 if let Some(cur) = widgets::blend_param(key, v) {
                     if let Some(m) = widgets::blend_param_dropdown(ui, ("fx-blend", item, k, key.as_str()), cur) {
                         change = Some((key.clone(), m));
@@ -815,26 +821,26 @@ fn swatch_picker(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, index: usize) {
 fn bottom(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, node: Option<&Node>, sel: Sel) {
     let has = node.is_some();
     widgets::bottom_bar(ui, |ui| {
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-new-stroke", "Add New Stroke", false, has, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-new-stroke", tl!("Add New Stroke"), false, has, 24.0).clicked() {
             app.run("appearance.addStroke", json!({})).ok();
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-new-fill", "Add New Fill", false, has, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-new-fill", tl!("Add New Fill"), false, has, 24.0).clicked() {
             app.run("appearance.addFill", json!({})).ok();
         }
-        let fx = widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-fx", "Add New Effect", false, has, 24.0);
+        let fx = widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-fx", tl!("Add New Effect"), false, has, 24.0);
         egui::Popup::menu(&fx).show(|ui| {
             fx_menu(app, ui);
         });
         ui.add_space((ui.available_width() - 3.0 * 28.0).max(0.0));
         let basic = node.is_none_or(|n| n.appearance.is_basic());
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-clear", "Clear Appearance", false, has, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-clear", tl!("Clear Appearance"), false, has, 24.0).clicked() {
             app.run("appearance.clear", json!({})).ok();
         }
         let can = has && sel.editable();
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-new-item", "Duplicate Selected Item", false, can, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-new-item", tl!("Duplicate Selected Item"), false, can, 24.0).clicked() {
             duplicate_selected(app, ui, node, sel);
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", "Delete Selected Item", false, can, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", tl!("Delete Selected Item"), false, can, 24.0).clicked() {
             delete_selected(app, ui, node, sel);
         }
         let _ = basic;
@@ -876,10 +882,10 @@ pub(crate) fn fx_menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         }
     }
     for (g, items) in groups {
-        ui.menu_button(g, |ui| {
+        ui.menu_button(tl!(&g), |ui| {
             crate::widgets::menu_scroll(ui, |ui| {
                 for (id, label) in items {
-                    if ui.button(format!("{label}…")).clicked() {
+                    if ui.button(format!("{}…", tl!(&label))).clicked() {
                         app.run("effect.dialog", json!({"effect": id})).ok();
                         ui.close();
                     }
@@ -893,41 +899,43 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let node = first_subject(app);
     let has = node.is_some();
     let sel = current_sel(app, ui.ctx(), node.as_ref());
-    if menu_item(ui, "Add New Fill", has, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Add New Fill"), has, false) {
         app.run("appearance.addFill", json!({})).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Add New Stroke", has, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Add New Stroke"), has, false) {
         app.run("appearance.addStroke", json!({})).ok();
     }
     ui.separator();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Duplicate Item", has && sel.editable(), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Duplicate Item"), has && sel.editable(), false) {
         duplicate_selected(app, ui, node.as_ref(), sel);
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Remove Item", has && sel.editable(), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Remove Item"), has && sel.editable(), false) {
         delete_selected(app, ui, node.as_ref(), sel);
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Clear Appearance", has, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Clear Appearance"), has, false) {
         app.run("appearance.clear", json!({})).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Reduce to Basic Appearance", has && !node.as_ref().is_some_and(|n| n.appearance.is_basic()), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Reduce to Basic Appearance"), has && !node.as_ref().is_some_and(|n| n.appearance.is_basic()), false) {
         app.run("appearance.reduceToBasic", json!({})).ok();
     }
     ui.separator();
     let basic = app.session.prefs.new_art_basic;
-    if menu_item(ui, "New Art Has Basic Appearance", true, basic) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("New Art Has Basic Appearance"), true, basic) {
         app.run("appearance.setNewArtBasic", json!({ "on": !basic })).ok();
     }
     let hide: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), "ap-hide-thumb");
-    if menu_item(ui, if hide { "Show Thumbnail" } else { "Hide Thumbnail" }, true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, if hide { tl!("Show Thumbnail") } else { tl!("Hide Thumbnail") }, true, false) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "ap-hide-thumb", !hide);
     }
     ui.separator();
     let style = app.session.selection_graphic_style().map(|(g, _)| g.name.clone());
-    let redefine = style.as_ref().map_or_else(|| "Redefine Graphic Style".into(), |n| format!("Redefine Graphic Style \u{201c}{n}\u{201d}"));
+    let redefine = style
+        .as_ref()
+        .map_or_else(|| tl!("Redefine Graphic Style").into(), |n| crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Redefine Graphic Style “{name}”"), &[("name", n)]));
     if menu_item(ui, &redefine, style.is_some(), false) {
         app.run("graphicStyle.redefine", json!({})).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Show All Hidden Attributes", node.as_ref().is_some_and(|n| n.appearance.has_hidden()), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Show All Hidden Attributes"), node.as_ref().is_some_and(|n| n.appearance.has_hidden()), false) {
         app.run("appearance.showAllHidden", json!({})).ok();
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/artboards.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/artboards.rs
index 1c5265c75..69dee3463 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/artboards.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/artboards.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let abs: Vec<String> = app.session.active().map(|d| d.doc.artboards.iter().map(|a| a.name.clone()).collect()).unwrap_or_default();
     if abs.is_empty() {
-        super::empty_state(ui, "dc-artboards", "No document", "Open a document to see its artboards.");
+        super::empty_state(ui, "dc-artboards", tl!("No document"), tl!("Open a document to see its artboards."));
         return;
     }
     let sel = selected(ui, abs.len());
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                 let opt = egui::Rect::from_center_size(r.right_center() - vec2(14.0, 0.0), vec2(14.0, 14.0));
                 let oresp = ui.interact(opt, ui.id().with(("ab-opt", i)), Sense::click());
                 icons::paint(ui, "dc-artboard-options", opt, if oresp.hovered() { t.text_strong } else { t.icon });
-                if oresp.on_hover_text("Artboard Options: edit with the Artboard tool").clicked() {
+                if oresp.on_hover_text(tl!("Artboard Options: edit with the Artboard tool")).clicked() {
                     set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "ab-sel", i);
                     app.select_tool("artboard");
                 }
@@ -76,22 +76,22 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     });
     let n = abs.len();
     widgets::bottom_bar(ui, |ui| {
-        widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-rearrange", "Rearrange All Artboards (on the roadmap)", false, false, 24.0);
+        widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-rearrange", tl!("Rearrange All Artboards (on the roadmap)"), false, false, 24.0);
         ui.add_space((ui.available_width() - 4.0 * 28.0).max(0.0));
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-arrow-up", "Move Up", false, sel > 0, 24.0).clicked()
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-arrow-up", tl!("Move Up"), false, sel > 0, 24.0).clicked()
             && app.run("artboard.reorder", json!({"index": sel, "to": sel - 1})).is_ok()
         {
             set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "ab-sel", sel - 1);
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-arrow-down", "Move Down", false, sel + 1 < n, 24.0).clicked()
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-arrow-down", tl!("Move Down"), false, sel + 1 < n, 24.0).clicked()
             && app.run("artboard.reorder", json!({"index": sel, "to": sel + 1})).is_ok()
         {
             set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "ab-sel", sel + 1);
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-new-item", "New Artboard", false, 24.0).clicked() && app.run("artboard.new", json!({})).is_ok() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-new-item", tl!("New Artboard"), false, 24.0).clicked() && app.run("artboard.new", json!({})).is_ok() {
             set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "ab-sel", n);
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", "Delete Artboard", false, n > 1, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", tl!("Delete Artboard"), false, n > 1, 24.0).clicked() {
             app.run("artboard.delete", json!({"index": sel})).ok();
         }
     });
@@ -100,27 +100,27 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let n = app.session.active().map(|d| d.doc.artboards.len()).unwrap_or(0);
     let sel = selected(ui, n);
-    if menu_item(ui, "New Artboard", n > 0, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("New Artboard"), n > 0, false) {
         app.run("artboard.new", json!({})).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Duplicate Artboards", n > 0, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Duplicate Artboards"), n > 0, false) {
         app.run("artboard.duplicate", json!({"index": sel})).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Delete Artboards", n > 1, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Delete Artboards"), n > 1, false) {
         app.run("artboard.delete", json!({"index": sel})).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Rename", n > 0, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Rename"), n > 0, false) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "ab-edit", Some(sel));
     }
-    menu_item(ui, "Delete Empty Artboards", false, false);
+    menu_item(ui, tl!("Delete Empty Artboards"), false, false);
     ui.separator();
-    menu_item(ui, "Convert to Artboards", false, false);
-    if menu_item(ui, "Artboard Options…", n > 0, false) {
+    menu_item(ui, tl!("Convert to Artboards"), false, false);
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Artboard Options…"), n > 0, false) {
         app.select_tool("artboard");
     }
-    menu_item(ui, "Rearrange All Artboards…", false, false);
+    menu_item(ui, tl!("Rearrange All Artboards…"), false, false);
     ui.separator();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Fit to Artwork Bounds", n > 0, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Fit to Artwork Bounds"), n > 0, false) {
         app.run("artboard.fitToArt", json!({"index": sel})).ok();
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/asset_export.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/asset_export.rs
index 64700d849..dad16612f 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/asset_export.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/asset_export.rs
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ fn tiles(ui: &mut Ui, st: &DocState, sel: &[u64], ev: &mut Events) {
                     );
                 }
             }
-            let resp = resp.on_hover_text(format!("{}\nDouble-click to rename", a.name));
+            let resp = resp.on_hover_text(format!("{}\n{}", a.name, tl!("Double-click to rename")));
             if resp.double_clicked() {
                 ui.data_mut(|d| d.insert_temp(rename_id, (a.id, a.name.clone())));
             } else if resp.clicked() {
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ fn settings(ui: &mut Ui, st: &DocState) -> (Option<Settings>, usize) {
 pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let ctx = ui.ctx().clone();
     let Some(st) = app.session.active() else {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "No document");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("No document"));
         return;
     };
     let sel = selected(&ctx, st);
@@ -261,7 +261,12 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             ui.set_min_height(110.0);
             ui.set_width(ui.available_width());
             if st.doc.assets.is_empty() {
-                super::empty_state(ui, "share-2", "No assets", "Drag art here, or select it and click +. Hold Alt for one asset of several objects.");
+                super::empty_state(
+                    ui,
+                    "share-2",
+                    tl!("No assets"),
+                    tl!("Drag art here, or select it and click +. Hold Alt for one asset of several objects."),
+                );
             } else {
                 tiles(ui, st, &sel, &mut ev);
             }
@@ -270,7 +275,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         drop_zone(ui, &zone, &mut ev);
     });
     ui.add_space(6.0);
-    widgets::section_header(ui, "Export Settings");
+    widgets::section_header(ui, tl!("Export Settings"));
     let (change, files_each) = settings(ui, st);
     let all: Vec<u64> = st.doc.assets.iter().map(|a| a.id).collect();
     let has_art = !st.selection.is_empty();
@@ -280,17 +285,21 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
             ui.add_enabled_ui(!all.is_empty(), |ui| {
-                let label = if sel.is_empty() || sel.len() == all.len() { "Export".to_string() } else { format!("Export {} Selected", sel.len()) };
-                export_clicked = widgets::primary_button(ui, &label).on_hover_text("Export the selected assets (else all of them)").clicked();
+                let label = if sel.is_empty() || sel.len() == all.len() {
+                    tl!("Export").to_string()
+                } else {
+                    crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Export {count} Selected"), &[("count", &sel.len().to_string())])
+                };
+                export_clicked = widgets::primary_button(ui, &label).on_hover_text(tl!("Export the selected assets (else all of them)")).clicked();
             });
         });
     });
     let (mut screens, mut add, mut remove) = (false, false, false);
     widgets::bottom_bar(ui, |ui| {
-        screens = widgets::icon_button(ui, "monitor", "Export for Screens…", false, 24.0).clicked();
+        screens = widgets::icon_button(ui, "monitor", tl!("Export for Screens…"), false, 24.0).clicked();
         ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
-            remove = widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", "Remove Selected Assets", false, !sel.is_empty(), 24.0).clicked();
-            add = widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "plus", "Add Selected Artwork (Alt: as one asset)", false, has_art, 24.0).clicked();
+            remove = widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", tl!("Remove Selected Assets"), false, !sel.is_empty(), 24.0).clicked();
+            add = widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "plus", tl!("Add Selected Artwork (Alt: as one asset)"), false, has_art, 24.0).clicked();
         });
     });
     // Act on what the panel saw (the document is no longer borrowed).
@@ -345,22 +354,22 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let Some(st) = app.session.active() else { return };
     let (has_art, sel) = (!st.selection.is_empty(), selected(&ctx, st));
     let all: Vec<u64> = st.doc.assets.iter().map(|a| a.id).collect();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Add Selected Artwork as One Asset", has_art, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Add Selected Artwork as One Asset"), has_art, false) {
         collect(app, &ctx, None, true);
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Add Selected Artwork as Multiple Assets", has_art, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Add Selected Artwork as Multiple Assets"), has_art, false) {
         collect(app, &ctx, None, false);
     }
     ui.separator();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Select All Assets", !all.is_empty(), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Select All Assets"), !all.is_empty(), false) {
         set_pstate(&ctx, SELECTED, all.clone());
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Remove Selected Assets", !sel.is_empty(), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Remove Selected Assets"), !sel.is_empty(), false) {
         run(app, "assets.remove", json!({ "assets": sel }));
         set_pstate(&ctx, SELECTED, Vec::<u64>::new());
     }
     ui.separator();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Export for Screens…", true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Export for Screens…"), true, false) {
         open_export_for_screens_assets(app, Some(&sel_or_all(&sel, &all)));
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/attributes.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/attributes.rs
index 2d93378b3..192397334 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/attributes.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/attributes.rs
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let has = !info.ids.is_empty();
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         for (label, key, value) in
-            [("Overprint Fill", "overprintFill", info.overprint_fill), ("Overprint Stroke", "overprintStroke", info.overprint_stroke)]
+            [(tl!("Overprint Fill"), "overprintFill", info.overprint_fill), (tl!("Overprint Stroke"), "overprintStroke", info.overprint_stroke)]
         {
             if widgets::check3(ui, label, value, has) {
                 set(app, json!({ key: value != Some(true) }));
@@ -76,19 +76,19 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     if !pstate::<bool>(ui.ctx(), HIDE_OPTIONS) {
         widgets::divider(ui);
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-            let center = [("dc-center-hide", "Don't Show Center", false), ("dc-center-show", "Show Center", true)];
+            let center = [("dc-center-hide", tl!("Don't Show Center"), false), ("dc-center-show", tl!("Show Center"), true)];
             if let Some(v) = pair(ui, has, info.show_center, center) {
                 set(app, json!({ "showCenter": v }));
             }
             ui.add_space(10.0);
-            let dir = [("dc-dir-off", "Reverse Path Direction Off", false), ("dc-dir-on", "Reverse Path Direction On", true)];
+            let dir = [("dc-dir-off", tl!("Reverse Path Direction Off"), false), ("dc-dir-on", tl!("Reverse Path Direction On"), true)];
             if let Some(v) = pair(ui, paths, info.reversed, dir) {
                 app.run("path.reverse", json!({ "reversed": v })).ok();
             }
             ui.add_space(10.0);
             let rules = [
-                ("dc-rule-nonzero", "Use Non-Zero Winding Fill Rule", FillRule::NonZero),
-                ("dc-rule-evenodd", "Use Even-Odd Fill Rule", FillRule::EvenOdd),
+                ("dc-rule-nonzero", tl!("Use Non-Zero Winding Fill Rule"), FillRule::NonZero),
+                ("dc-rule-evenodd", tl!("Use Even-Odd Fill Rule"), FillRule::EvenOdd),
             ];
             if let Some(r) = pair(ui, paths, info.fill_rule, rules) {
                 app.run("path.setFillRule", json!({ "rule": if r == FillRule::EvenOdd { "evenOdd" } else { "nonZero" } })).ok();
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         });
         ui.add_space(4.0);
         let url = info.url.clone().filter(|u| !u.is_empty());
-        widgets::label_row(ui, "Image Map:", LABEL_W, |ui| {
+        widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Image Map:"), LABEL_W, |ui| {
             ui.add_enabled_ui(has, |ui| {
                 let labels = ImageMap::ALL.map(ImageMap::label);
                 if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "attr-map", info.image_map.map_or("", ImageMap::label), &labels, 100.0) {
@@ -104,12 +104,12 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                 }
             });
             ui.add_space(6.0);
-            let r = ui.add_enabled_ui(url.is_some(), |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, "Browser", 64.0)).inner;
-            if r.on_hover_text("Open the URL in the web browser").clicked() {
+            let r = ui.add_enabled_ui(url.is_some(), |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Browser"), 64.0)).inner;
+            if r.on_hover_text(tl!("Open the URL in the web browser")).clicked() {
                 app.run("attributes.openUrl", json!({})).ok();
             }
         });
-        widgets::label_row(ui, "URL:", LABEL_W, |ui| {
+        widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("URL:"), LABEL_W, |ui| {
             ui.add_enabled_ui(has, |ui| {
                 let width = (ui.available_width() - 26.0).max(80.0);
                 if let Some(u) = widgets::text_field(ui, "attr-url", info.url.as_deref(), width, 1) {
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     }
     if !pstate::<bool>(ui.ctx(), HIDE_NOTE) {
         widgets::divider(ui);
-        widgets::subheader(ui, "Note:");
+        widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Note:"));
         ui.add_enabled_ui(has, |ui| {
             if let Some(n) = widgets::text_field(ui, "attr-note", info.note.as_deref(), ui.available_width(), 3) {
                 set(app, json!({ "note": n }));
@@ -129,13 +129,13 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         });
     }
     if !has {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, if selection_len(app) == 0 { "No Selection" } else { "" });
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, if selection_len(app) == 0 { tl!("No Selection") } else { "" });
     }
 }
 
 /// The recent URLs button: a menu of the URLs given lately; picking one sets it.
 fn recent_urls(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
-    let resp = widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "chevron-down", "Recent URLs", false, !app.session.recent_urls.is_empty(), 20.0);
+    let resp = widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "chevron-down", tl!("Recent URLs"), false, !app.session.recent_urls.is_empty(), 20.0);
     let mut chosen = None;
     egui::Popup::menu(&resp).show(|ui| {
         ui.set_min_width(220.0);
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ fn recent_urls(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 }
 
 pub fn menu(_app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
-    for (key, hide, show) in [(HIDE_OPTIONS, "Hide Options", "Show Options"), (HIDE_NOTE, "Hide Note", "Show Note")] {
+    for (key, hide, show) in [(HIDE_OPTIONS, tl!("Hide Options"), tl!("Show Options")), (HIDE_NOTE, tl!("Hide Note"), tl!("Show Note"))] {
         let hidden: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), key);
         if menu_item(ui, if hidden { show } else { hide }, true, false) {
             set_pstate(ui.ctx(), key, !hidden);
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/brushes.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/brushes.rs
index 66bc7da43..7976cff7c 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/brushes.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/brushes.rs
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         ui.set_min_height(110.0);
         ui.set_width(ui.available_width());
         if list.is_empty() {
-            super::empty_state(ui, "paintbrush", "No brushes", "Select art and use New Brush to make one.");
+            super::empty_state(ui, "paintbrush", tl!("No brushes"), tl!("Select art and use New Brush to make one."));
             return;
         }
         for (ty, _) in KINDS {
@@ -131,18 +131,18 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let target = sel_brush.clone().or(current.clone());
     let has_sel = app.session.active().is_some_and(|d| !d.selection.is_empty());
     widgets::bottom_bar(ui, |ui| {
-        widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "library", "Brush Libraries (on the roadmap)", false, false, 24.0);
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-remove-brush", "Remove Brush Stroke", false, has_brush, 24.0).clicked() {
+        widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "library", tl!("Brush Libraries (on the roadmap)"), false, false, 24.0);
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-remove-brush", tl!("Remove Brush Stroke"), false, has_brush, 24.0).clicked() {
             app.run("brush.remove", json!({})).ok();
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-options", "Expand Brush Strokes", false, has_brush, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-options", tl!("Expand Brush Strokes"), false, has_brush, 24.0).clicked() {
             app.run("object.expandBrush", json!({})).ok();
         }
         ui.add_space((ui.available_width() - 2.0 * 28.0).max(0.0));
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-new-item", "New Art Brush from Selection", false, has_sel, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-new-item", tl!("New Art Brush from Selection"), false, has_sel, 24.0).clicked() {
             app.run("brush.new", json!({"type": "art"})).ok();
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", "Delete Brush", false, target.is_some(), 24.0).clicked()
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", tl!("Delete Brush"), false, target.is_some(), 24.0).clicked()
             && let Some(n) = &target
         {
             app.run("brush.delete", json!({"name": n})).ok();
@@ -155,39 +155,41 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let (_, current) = brushes(app);
     let target = sel.clone().or(current);
     let has_sel = app.session.active().is_some_and(|d| !d.selection.is_empty());
-    for (label, ty) in [("New Calligraphic Brush", "calligraphic"), ("New Bristle Brush", "bristle")] {
+    for (label, ty) in [(tl!("New Calligraphic Brush"), "calligraphic"), (tl!("New Bristle Brush"), "bristle")] {
         if menu_item(ui, label, true, false) {
             app.run("brush.new", json!({"type": ty})).ok();
         }
     }
-    for (label, ty) in
-        [("New Art Brush from Selection", "art"), ("New Scatter Brush from Selection", "scatter"), ("New Pattern Brush from Selection", "pattern")]
-    {
+    for (label, ty) in [
+        (tl!("New Art Brush from Selection"), "art"),
+        (tl!("New Scatter Brush from Selection"), "scatter"),
+        (tl!("New Pattern Brush from Selection"), "pattern"),
+    ] {
         if menu_item(ui, label, has_sel, false) {
             app.run("brush.new", json!({"type": ty})).ok();
         }
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Duplicate Brush", target.is_some(), false)
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Duplicate Brush"), target.is_some(), false)
         && let Some(n) = &target
     {
         app.run("brush.duplicate", json!({"name": n})).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Delete Brush", target.is_some(), false)
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Delete Brush"), target.is_some(), false)
         && let Some(n) = &target
     {
         app.run("brush.delete", json!({"name": n})).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Remove Brush Stroke", sel.is_some(), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Remove Brush Stroke"), sel.is_some(), false) {
         app.run("brush.remove", json!({})).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Expand Brush Strokes", sel.is_some(), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Expand Brush Strokes"), sel.is_some(), false) {
         app.run("object.expandBrush", json!({})).ok();
     }
     ui.separator();
     let mut hidden: Vec<String> = pstate(ui.ctx(), "br-hidden");
     for (ty, label) in KINDS {
         let shown = !hidden.iter().any(|h| h == ty);
-        if menu_item(ui, &format!("Show {label} Brushes"), true, shown) {
+        if menu_item(ui, &crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Show {kind} Brushes"), &[("kind", tl!(label))]), true, shown) {
             if shown {
                 hidden.push(ty.to_string());
             } else {
@@ -198,10 +200,10 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     }
     ui.separator();
     let list: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), "br-list");
-    if menu_item(ui, "Thumbnail View", true, !list) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Thumbnail View"), true, !list) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "br-list", false);
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "List View", true, list) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("List View"), true, list) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "br-list", true);
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/character.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/character.rs
index 829d3da22..8853f968f 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/character.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/character.rs
@@ -230,14 +230,14 @@ pub(crate) fn route_type_input(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
 fn cell(ui: &mut Ui, label: &str, tip: &str, add: impl FnOnce(&mut Ui)) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        ui.add_sized(vec2(22.0, 24.0), egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(label).size(11.5).strong().color(t.text))).on_hover_text(tip);
+        ui.add_sized(vec2(22.0, 24.0), egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(label).size(11.5).strong().color(t.text))).on_hover_text(tl!(tip));
         add(ui);
     });
 }
 
 pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let Some((s, _)) = text_style(app) else {
-        super::empty_state(ui, "type", "No text selected", "Select a text object to edit its character attributes.");
+        super::empty_state(ui, "type", tl!("No text selected"), tl!("Select a text object to edit its character attributes."));
         return;
     };
     let w = ui.available_width();
@@ -253,47 +253,47 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let fw = ((w - 66.0) / 2.0).clamp(60.0, 100.0);
     let unit = app.session.type_unit();
     egui::Grid::new("ch-grid").num_columns(2).spacing([6.0, 4.0]).show(ui, |ui| {
-        cell(ui, "T", "Font Size", |ui| {
+        cell(ui, "T", tl!("Font Size"), |ui| {
             if let Some(v) = widgets::spin_field(ui, "ch-size", Some(s.size), unit, fw, 1.0, 0.1, &SIZE_PRESETS) {
                 style(app, json!({"size": v}));
             }
         });
-        cell(ui, "A↕", "Leading", |ui| {
+        cell(ui, "A↕", tl!("Leading"), |ui| {
             let presets: Vec<f64> = SIZE_PRESETS.iter().map(|v| v * 1.2).collect();
             if let Some(v) = widgets::spin_field(ui, "ch-lead", Some(s.effective_leading()), unit, fw, 1.0, 0.1, &presets) {
                 style(app, json!({"leading": v}));
             }
         });
         ui.end_row();
-        cell(ui, "VA", "Kerning (0 = Auto)", |ui| {
+        cell(ui, "VA", tl!("Kerning (0 = Auto)"), |ui| {
             if let Some(v) = widgets::spin_plain(ui, "ch-kern", s.kerning.unwrap_or(0.0), "", 0, fw, 10.0, -1000.0, &TRACKING_PRESETS) {
                 format(app, if v == 0.0 { json!({"kerning": "auto"}) } else { json!({"kerning": v}) });
             }
         });
-        cell(ui, "VA↔", "Tracking", |ui| {
+        cell(ui, "VA↔", tl!("Tracking"), |ui| {
             if let Some(v) = widgets::spin_plain(ui, "ch-track", s.tracking, "", 0, fw, 10.0, -1000.0, &TRACKING_PRESETS) {
                 style(app, json!({"tracking": v}));
             }
         });
         ui.end_row();
         if !pstate::<bool>(ui.ctx(), "ch-hide-options") {
-            cell(ui, "IT", "Vertical Scale %", |ui| {
+            cell(ui, "IT", tl!("Vertical Scale %"), |ui| {
                 if let Some(v) = widgets::spin_plain(ui, "ch-vs", s.v_scale, "%", 1, fw, 1.0, 1.0, &SCALE_PRESETS) {
                     format(app, json!({"vScale": v}));
                 }
             });
-            cell(ui, "T↔", "Horizontal Scale %", |ui| {
+            cell(ui, "T↔", tl!("Horizontal Scale %"), |ui| {
                 if let Some(v) = widgets::spin_plain(ui, "ch-hs", s.h_scale, "%", 1, fw, 1.0, 1.0, &SCALE_PRESETS) {
                     format(app, json!({"hScale": v}));
                 }
             });
             ui.end_row();
-            cell(ui, "Aª", "Baseline Shift", |ui| {
+            cell(ui, "Aª", tl!("Baseline Shift"), |ui| {
                 if let Some(v) = widgets::spin_field(ui, "ch-bs", Some(s.baseline_shift), unit, fw, 1.0, -1296.0, &[]) {
                     format(app, json!({"baselineShift": v}));
                 }
             });
-            cell(ui, "⟲T", "Character Rotation", |ui| {
+            cell(ui, "⟲T", tl!("Character Rotation"), |ui| {
                 if let Some(v) = widgets::spin_plain(ui, "ch-rot", s.rotation, "°", 1, fw, 15.0, -360.0, &super::transform::ANGLE_PRESETS) {
                     format(app, json!({"rotation": v}));
                 }
@@ -307,12 +307,12 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     ui.add_space(4.0);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         for (kind, tip, key, on, enabled) in [
-            (Glyph::AllCaps, "All Caps", "allCaps", s.all_caps, true),
-            (Glyph::SmallCaps, "Small Caps (on the roadmap)", "", false, false),
-            (Glyph::Super, "Superscript (on the roadmap)", "", false, false),
-            (Glyph::Sub, "Subscript (on the roadmap)", "", false, false),
-            (Glyph::Underline, "Underline", "underline", s.underline, true),
-            (Glyph::Strike, "Strikethrough", "strikethrough", s.strikethrough, true),
+            (Glyph::AllCaps, tl!("All Caps"), "allCaps", s.all_caps, true),
+            (Glyph::SmallCaps, tl!("Small Caps (on the roadmap)"), "", false, false),
+            (Glyph::Super, tl!("Superscript (on the roadmap)"), "", false, false),
+            (Glyph::Sub, tl!("Subscript (on the roadmap)"), "", false, false),
+            (Glyph::Underline, tl!("Underline"), "underline", s.underline, true),
+            (Glyph::Strike, tl!("Strikethrough"), "strikethrough", s.strikethrough, true),
         ] {
             if style_toggle(ui, kind, tip, on, enabled) && !key.is_empty() {
                 format(app, json!({key: !on}));
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ fn style_toggle(ui: &mut Ui, g: Glyph, tip: &str, on: bool, enabled: bool) -> bo
             p.line_segment([c + vec2(-6.0, 1.0), c + vec2(6.0, 1.0)], egui::Stroke::new(1.2, col));
         }
     }
-    let resp = resp.on_hover_text(tip);
+    let resp = resp.on_hover_text(tl!(tip));
     enabled && resp.clicked()
 }
 
@@ -379,36 +379,36 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let st = text_style(app);
     let has = st.is_some();
     let hidden: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), "ch-hide-options");
-    if menu_item(ui, if hidden { "Show Options" } else { "Hide Options" }, true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, if hidden { tl!("Show Options") } else { tl!("Hide Options") }, true, false) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "ch-hide-options", !hidden);
     }
     ui.separator();
     let s = st.map(|x| x.0);
     for (label, key, on) in [
-        ("All Caps", "allCaps", s.as_ref().is_some_and(|s| s.all_caps)),
-        ("Underline", "underline", s.as_ref().is_some_and(|s| s.underline)),
-        ("Strikethrough", "strikethrough", s.as_ref().is_some_and(|s| s.strikethrough)),
+        (tl!("All Caps"), "allCaps", s.as_ref().is_some_and(|s| s.all_caps)),
+        (tl!("Underline"), "underline", s.as_ref().is_some_and(|s| s.underline)),
+        (tl!("Strikethrough"), "strikethrough", s.as_ref().is_some_and(|s| s.strikethrough)),
     ] {
         if menu_item(ui, label, has, on) {
             format(app, json!({key: !on}));
         }
     }
     for l in ["Small Caps", "Superscript", "Subscript"] {
-        menu_item(ui, l, false, false);
+        menu_item(ui, tl!(l), false, false);
     }
     ui.separator();
     for l in ["Standard Vertical Roman Alignment", "Tate-chu-yoko", "Fractional Widths", "System Layout", "No Break"] {
-        menu_item(ui, l, false, l == "Fractional Widths");
+        menu_item(ui, tl!(l), false, l == "Fractional Widths");
     }
     ui.separator();
     // The installed fonts are always listed; this picks up fonts installed since the app started.
     #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
-    if menu_item(ui, "Refresh Font List", true, false)
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Refresh Font List"), true, false)
         && let Ok(r) = app.run("text.rescanFonts", json!({}))
     {
         app.status(format!("{} font families available", r["families"]));
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Reset Panel", has, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Reset Panel"), has, false) {
         style(app, json!({"tracking": 0, "leading": "auto"}));
         format(
             app,
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/color.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/color.rs
index ebfdfe5d2..e1a130271 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/color.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/color.rs
@@ -209,10 +209,14 @@ pub(crate) fn warning_chip(ui: &mut Ui, (icon, warning): (&str, &str), fix: &Col
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.x = 3.0;
-        icons::icon(ui, icon, 16.0, t.icon).on_hover_text(warning);
+        icons::icon(ui, icon, 16.0, t.icon).on_hover_text(tl!(warning));
         let (r, resp) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(16.0, 16.0), Sense::click());
         widgets::swatch_tile(ui, r, &Paint::solid(*fix), false, resp.hovered());
-        resp.on_hover_text(format!("{warning}: click to correct to the closest color ({})", fix.to_hex())).clicked()
+        resp.on_hover_text(crate::i18n::fmt(
+            tl!("{warning}: click to correct to the closest color ({hex})"),
+            &[("warning", tl!(warning)), ("hex", &fix.to_hex())],
+        ))
+        .clicked()
     })
     .inner
 }
@@ -572,7 +576,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     // None / Black / White chips and the hex field.
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.x = 0.0;
-        for (p, tip) in [(Paint::None, "None"), (Paint::solid(Color::BLACK), "Black"), (Paint::solid(Color::WHITE), "White")] {
+        for (p, tip) in [(Paint::None, tl!("None")), (Paint::solid(Color::BLACK), tl!("Black")), (Paint::solid(Color::WHITE), tl!("White"))] {
             let (r, resp) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(16.0, 16.0), Sense::click());
             widgets::swatch_tile(ui, r, &p, false, resp.hovered());
             if resp.on_hover_text(tip).clicked() {
@@ -612,7 +616,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let hidden: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), "color-hide-options");
-    if menu_item(ui, if hidden { "Show Options" } else { "Hide Options" }, true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, if hidden { tl!("Show Options") } else { tl!("Hide Options") }, true, false) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "color-hide-options", !hidden);
     }
     ui.separator();
@@ -621,7 +625,7 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     // Tint mode checks no colour mode: picking one makes the tint a process colour.
     let cur = display_mode(pstate(ui.ctx(), "color-mode"), color.as_ref());
     for m in Mode::ALL {
-        if menu_item(ui, m.label(), true, m == cur && tgt.tint().is_none()) {
+        if menu_item(ui, tl!(m.label()), true, m == cur && tgt.tint().is_none()) {
             set_mode(app, ui.ctx(), &tgt, m);
         }
     }
@@ -630,8 +634,8 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     // its colour model); a gradient stop is recoloured in place.
     let recolor = color.is_some() || super::active_mixed(app, ui.ctx());
     for (label, cmd, f) in [
-        ("Invert", "paint.invert", Color::invert_keep_model as fn(&Color) -> Color),
-        ("Complement", "paint.complement", Color::complement_keep_model),
+        (tl!("Invert"), "paint.invert", Color::invert_keep_model as fn(&Color) -> Color),
+        (tl!("Complement"), "paint.complement", Color::complement_keep_model),
     ] {
         if menu_item(ui, label, recolor, false) {
             match (&tgt, color) {
@@ -643,7 +647,7 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         }
     }
     ui.separator();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Create New Swatch…", color.is_some(), false)
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Create New Swatch…"), color.is_some(), false)
         && let Some(c) = color
     {
         // A tint saves a tint swatch ("Name 40%").
@@ -653,7 +657,7 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         };
         app.run("swatch.new", p).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Copy Color Value (Hex)", color.is_some(), false)
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Copy Color Value (Hex)"), color.is_some(), false)
         && let Some(c) = color
     {
         ui.ctx().copy_text(c.to_hex());
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/color_guide.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/color_guide.rs
index 449c403ad..89e4f5a18 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/color_guide.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/color_guide.rs
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ fn limit_menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     ui.set_min_width(200.0);
     let cur = app.ui.color_guide_limit.clone();
     let mut chosen = None;
-    for (key, label) in [("", "None"), (swatchlib::DOCUMENT_SWATCHES, swatches::DOCUMENT_SWATCHES)] {
+    for (key, label) in [("", tl!("None")), (swatchlib::DOCUMENT_SWATCHES, swatches::DOCUMENT_SWATCHES)] {
         if menu_item(ui, label, true, cur == key) {
             chosen = Some(key.to_string());
         }
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         let (r, resp) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(26.0, 26.0), Sense::click());
         widgets::swatch_tile(ui, r, &Paint::solid(base), false, resp.hovered());
-        if resp.on_hover_text("Set base color to the current color").clicked()
+        if resp.on_hover_text(tl!("Set base color to the current color")).clicked()
             && let Some(c) = active_paint(app).color()
         {
             set_pstate(&ctx, "cg-base", Some(c));
@@ -211,8 +211,8 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     });
     widgets::bottom_bar(ui, |ui| {
         let tip = match &limit {
-            Some(name) => format!("Limit colors to swatch library: {name}"),
-            None => "Limit colors to swatch library".into(),
+            Some(name) => crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Limit colors to swatch library: {name}"), &[("name", name)]),
+            None => tl!("Limit colors to swatch library").into(),
         };
         let lr = widgets::icon_button(ui, "library", &tip, limit.is_some(), 24.0);
         egui::Popup::menu(&lr).show(|ui| limit_menu(app, ui));
@@ -220,13 +220,13 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         // Recolor Artwork with the harmony colours as the new colours: the selected art's, or
         // (without art) the colours themselves, which OK saves as a colour group.
         let doc = app.session.active().is_some();
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "palette", "Edit or Apply Colors", false, doc, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "palette", tl!("Edit or Apply Colors"), false, doc, 24.0).clicked() {
             edit_or_apply(app, &g);
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-new-item", "Save selected colors as swatches", false, !sel.is_empty(), 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-new-item", tl!("Save selected colors as swatches"), false, !sel.is_empty(), 24.0).clicked() {
             save_selected(app, &ctx);
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-folder", "Save color group to Swatch panel", false, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-folder", tl!("Save color group to Swatch panel"), false, 24.0).clicked() {
             let cs: Vec<_> = g.colors.iter().map(color_json).collect();
             app.run("swatch.newGroup", json!({"name": h.label(), "colors": cs})).ok();
         }
@@ -238,19 +238,21 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let mode = app.ui.color_guide.variation;
-    for (m, l) in
-        [(Variation::TintsShades, "Show Tints/Shades"), (Variation::WarmCool, "Show Warm/Cool"), (Variation::VividMuted, "Show Vivid/Muted")]
-    {
+    for (m, l) in [
+        (Variation::TintsShades, tl!("Show Tints/Shades")),
+        (Variation::WarmCool, tl!("Show Warm/Cool")),
+        (Variation::VividMuted, tl!("Show Vivid/Muted")),
+    ] {
         if menu_item(ui, l, true, m == mode) {
             app.ui.color_guide.variation = m;
         }
     }
     ui.separator();
     let ctx = ui.ctx().clone();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Save Colors as Swatches", !selected(&ctx).is_empty(), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Save Colors as Swatches"), !selected(&ctx).is_empty(), false) {
         save_selected(app, &ctx);
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Color Guide Options…", true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Color Guide Options…"), true, false) {
         app.run("ui.colorGuideOptions", json!({})).ok();
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/color_themes.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/color_themes.rs
index 0cde331a8..29caf04fc 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/color_themes.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/color_themes.rs
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let ctx = ui.ctx().clone();
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         let cur = tab(&ctx);
-        for (i, label) in ["Create", "My Themes"].into_iter().enumerate() {
+        for (i, label) in [tl!("Create"), tl!("My Themes")].into_iter().enumerate() {
             if ui.selectable_label(cur == i, egui::RichText::new(label).font(theme::semibold(12.5))).clicked() {
                 set_pstate(&ctx, "ct-tab", i);
             }
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ fn create(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let mut d = draft(app, &ctx);
     let before = d.clone();
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Rule:").color(t.text_dim));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Rule:")).color(t.text_dim));
         let labels: Vec<&str> = std::iter::once("Custom").chain(Harmony::ALL.iter().map(|h| h.label())).collect();
         let cur = d.rule.map_or("Custom", Harmony::label);
         // A rule makes the theme from the selected colour; Custom frees the colours.
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ fn create(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             d.set_selected(c);
         }
         let current = active_paint(app).color();
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "pipette", "Set the selected color to the current color", false, current.is_some(), 24.0).clicked()
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "pipette", tl!("Set the selected color to the current color"), false, current.is_some(), 24.0).clicked()
             && let Some(c) = current
         {
             d.set_selected(c);
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ fn create(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     });
     ui.add_space(4.0);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Name:").color(t.text_dim));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Name:")).color(t.text_dim));
         if let Some(n) = widgets::text_field(ui, "ct-name", Some(&d.name), ui.available_width() - 4.0, 1) {
             d.name = n;
         }
@@ -208,18 +208,18 @@ fn create(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     }
     widgets::bottom_bar(ui, |ui| {
         let tip = match &d.editing {
-            Some(n) => format!("Save changes to {n}"),
-            None => "Save theme to My Themes".into(),
+            Some(n) => crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Save changes to {name}"), &[("name", n)]),
+            None => tl!("Save theme to My Themes").into(),
         };
         if widgets::icon_button(ui, "save", &tip, false, 24.0).clicked() {
             save(app, &ctx);
         }
         let doc = app.session.active().is_some();
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-folder", "Add to Swatches", false, doc, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-folder", tl!("Add to Swatches"), false, doc, 24.0).clicked() {
             add_draft_to_swatches(app, &ctx);
         }
         ui.add_space((ui.available_width() - 28.0).max(0.0));
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "file-plus", "New theme from the current color", false, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "file-plus", tl!("New theme from the current color"), false, 24.0).clicked() {
             let base = active_paint(app).color().unwrap_or(DEFAULT_BASE);
             set_draft(&ctx, Draft::new(base, d.rule.or(Some(DEFAULT_RULE))));
         }
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ fn my_themes(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let pick = picked(app, &ctx);
     let mut action = None;
     if app.session.prefs.color_themes.is_empty() {
-        empty_state(ui, "sun", "No saved themes", "Make a theme on Create and save it.");
+        empty_state(ui, "sun", tl!("No saved themes"), tl!("Make a theme on Create and save it."));
     } else {
         widgets::list_box(ui, |ui| {
             egui::ScrollArea::vertical().id_salt("ct-list").max_height(300.0).auto_shrink([false, true]).show(ui, |ui| {
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ fn my_themes(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                     ui.painter().rect_stroke(strip, 0.0, egui::Stroke::new(1.0, t.border), egui::StrokeKind::Outside);
                     if resp.double_clicked() {
                         action = Some(Action::Edit(th.name.clone()));
-                    } else if resp.on_hover_text("Click to select, double-click to edit").clicked() {
+                    } else if resp.on_hover_text(tl!("Click to select, double-click to edit")).clicked() {
                         action = Some(Action::Pick(th.name.clone()));
                     }
                 }
@@ -276,19 +276,19 @@ fn my_themes(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let pick = picked(app, &ctx);
     widgets::bottom_bar(ui, |ui| {
         let some = pick.is_some();
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "pencil", "Edit theme", false, some, 24.0).clicked()
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "pencil", tl!("Edit theme"), false, some, 24.0).clicked()
             && let Some(n) = &pick
         {
             edit_saved(app, &ctx, n);
         }
         let doc = app.session.active().is_some();
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-folder", "Add to Swatches", false, some && doc, 24.0).clicked()
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-folder", tl!("Add to Swatches"), false, some && doc, 24.0).clicked()
             && let Some(n) = &pick
         {
             app.run("colorTheme.addToSwatches", json!({ "name": n })).ok();
         }
         ui.add_space((ui.available_width() - 28.0).max(0.0));
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", "Delete theme", false, some, 24.0).clicked()
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", tl!("Delete theme"), false, some, 24.0).clicked()
             && let Some(n) = &pick
         {
             delete(app, &ctx, n);
@@ -319,26 +319,26 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let doc = app.session.active().is_some();
     if tab(&ctx) == 1 {
         let pick = picked(app, &ctx);
-        if menu_item(ui, "Edit Theme", pick.is_some(), false)
+        if menu_item(ui, tl!("Edit Theme"), pick.is_some(), false)
             && let Some(n) = &pick
         {
             edit_saved(app, &ctx, n);
         }
-        if menu_item(ui, "Add to Swatches", pick.is_some() && doc, false)
+        if menu_item(ui, tl!("Add to Swatches"), pick.is_some() && doc, false)
             && let Some(n) = &pick
         {
             app.run("colorTheme.addToSwatches", json!({ "name": n })).ok();
         }
-        if menu_item(ui, "Delete Theme", pick.is_some(), false)
+        if menu_item(ui, tl!("Delete Theme"), pick.is_some(), false)
             && let Some(n) = &pick
         {
             delete(app, &ctx, n);
         }
     } else {
-        if menu_item(ui, "Save Theme", true, false) {
+        if menu_item(ui, tl!("Save Theme"), true, false) {
             save(app, &ctx);
         }
-        if menu_item(ui, "Add to Swatches", doc, false) {
+        if menu_item(ui, tl!("Add to Swatches"), doc, false) {
             add_draft_to_swatches(app, &ctx);
         }
     }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/css_properties.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/css_properties.rs
index 274be815c..e6cd65818 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/css_properties.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/css_properties.rs
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ fn sentence(w: &str) -> String {
 pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let ctx = ui.ctx().clone();
     let Some(selected) = app.session.active().map(|st| !st.selection.is_empty()) else {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "No document");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("No document"));
         return;
     };
     let opts: CssOptions = pstate(&ctx, OPTIONS);
@@ -118,18 +118,25 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                 Some(job) => {
                     ui.add(egui::Label::new(egui::WidgetText::LayoutJob(job.clone())).selectable(true).extend());
                 }
-                None if selected => super::empty_state(ui, "globe", "No CSS", "The selected objects have no CSS of their own (see below)."),
-                None => super::empty_state(ui, "globe", "No selection", "Select objects to see their CSS, or Generate CSS for the whole document."),
+                None if selected => super::empty_state(ui, "globe", tl!("No CSS"), tl!("The selected objects have no CSS of their own (see below).")),
+                None => super::empty_state(
+                    ui,
+                    "globe",
+                    tl!("No selection"),
+                    tl!("Select objects to see their CSS, or Generate CSS for the whole document."),
+                ),
             }
         });
     });
     let notes = (shown.more > 0)
-        .then(|| format!("{} more rules: Export writes every one.", shown.more))
+        .then(|| crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("{count} more rules: Export writes every one."), &[("count", &shown.more.to_string())]))
         .into_iter()
-        .chain(
-            (shown.skipped > 0)
-                .then(|| format!("{} unnamed objects left out: name them, or turn on Unnamed Objects in the panel menu.", shown.skipped)),
-        )
+        .chain((shown.skipped > 0).then(|| {
+            crate::i18n::fmt(
+                tl!("{count} unnamed objects left out: name them, or turn on Unnamed Objects in the panel menu."),
+                &[("count", &shown.skipped.to_string())],
+            )
+        }))
         .chain(shown.warnings.iter().map(|w| sentence(w)));
     let dim = Tokens::get(&ctx).text_dim;
     for n in notes {
@@ -139,13 +146,19 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let scope = if all { "all" } else { "selection" };
     let (mut generate, mut copy, mut export) = (false, false, false);
     widgets::bottom_bar(ui, |ui| {
-        generate =
-            widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "sparkles", "Generate CSS: the whole document's CSS while nothing is selected", all, !selected, 24.0)
-                .clicked();
+        generate = widgets::icon_button_enabled(
+            ui,
+            "sparkles",
+            tl!("Generate CSS: the whole document's CSS while nothing is selected"),
+            all,
+            !selected,
+            24.0,
+        )
+        .clicked();
         ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
-            let tip = if all { "Export All…" } else { "Export Selected CSS…" };
+            let tip = if all { tl!("Export All…") } else { tl!("Export Selected CSS…") };
             export = widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "save", tip, false, has_css, 24.0).clicked();
-            let tip = if all { "Copy All Styles" } else { "Copy Selected Style" };
+            let tip = if all { tl!("Copy All Styles") } else { tl!("Copy Selected Style") };
             copy = widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "copy", tip, false, has_css, 24.0).clicked();
         });
     });
@@ -199,22 +212,22 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let Some(selected) = app.session.active().map(|st| !st.selection.is_empty()) else { return };
     let mut opts: CssOptions = pstate(&ctx, OPTIONS);
     let all: bool = pstate(&ctx, ALL);
-    if menu_item(ui, "Copy Selected Style", selected, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Copy Selected Style"), selected, false) {
         crate::menus::invoke(app, "css.copy", params(&opts, "selection"));
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Export Selected CSS…", selected, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Export Selected CSS…"), selected, false) {
         crate::menus::invoke(app, "css.exportFile", params(&opts, "selection"));
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Export All…", true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Export All…"), true, false) {
         crate::menus::invoke(app, "css.exportFile", params(&opts, "all"));
     }
     ui.separator();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Generate CSS", true, all) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Generate CSS"), true, all) {
         set_pstate(&ctx, ALL, !all);
     }
     ui.separator();
     let before = opts.clone();
-    ui.menu_button(format!("   Units: {}", opts.units.name()), |ui| {
+    ui.menu_button(format!("   {}", crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Units: {units}"), &[("units", opts.units.name())])), |ui| {
         for u in CssUnits::ALL {
             if menu_item(ui, u.name(), true, opts.units == u) {
                 opts.units = u;
@@ -222,10 +235,10 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         }
     });
     for (label, on) in [
-        ("Absolute Position", &mut opts.position),
-        ("Width and Height", &mut opts.dimensions),
-        ("Unnamed Objects", &mut opts.unnamed),
-        ("Rasterize Unsupported Art", &mut opts.rasterize),
+        (tl!("Absolute Position"), &mut opts.position),
+        (tl!("Width and Height"), &mut opts.dimensions),
+        (tl!("Unnamed Objects"), &mut opts.unnamed),
+        (tl!("Rasterize Unsupported Art"), &mut opts.rasterize),
     ] {
         if menu_item(ui, label, true, *on) {
             *on = !*on;
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/doc_info.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/doc_info.rs
index 7352868b5..9559ae008 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/doc_info.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/doc_info.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ struct Cache {
 pub(crate) fn row(ui: &mut Ui, label: &str, value: String) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(label).size(12.0).color(t.text_dim));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(label)).size(12.0).color(t.text_dim));
         ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
             // Long values (paths) are cut to the panel's width; hovering shows them whole.
             ui.add(egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(value).size(12.0).color(t.text)).truncate());
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let sel_only: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), "docinfo-sel");
     let category: String = pstate(ui.ctx(), "docinfo-category");
     let Some(i) = info(app, ui.ctx(), sel_only) else {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "No document");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("No document"));
         return;
     };
     egui::ScrollArea::vertical().max_height(420.0).show(ui, |ui| {
@@ -60,12 +60,15 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             let rows = s["rows"].as_array().map_or(&[][..], Vec::as_slice);
             // Lists show how many they hold; the selection scope shows on the first.
             let title = match s["id"].as_str() {
-                Some("document" | "objects") => title.to_string(),
-                _ => format!("{title} ({})", rows.len()),
+                Some("document" | "objects") => tl!(title).to_string(),
+                _ => format!("{} ({})", tl!(title), rows.len()),
             };
-            widgets::subheader(ui, &if sel_only && n == 0 && category.is_empty() { format!("{title} (selection)") } else { title });
+            widgets::subheader(
+                ui,
+                &if sel_only && n == 0 && category.is_empty() { crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("{title} (selection)"), &[("title", &title)]) } else { title },
+            );
             if rows.is_empty() {
-                widgets::dim_label(ui, "None");
+                widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("None"));
             }
             for r in rows {
                 let (label, value) = (r[0].as_str().unwrap_or_default(), r[1].as_str().unwrap_or_default());
@@ -95,12 +98,12 @@ pub(crate) fn save_report(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, p: &Value) -> Result<Value,
 
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let sel: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), "docinfo-sel");
-    if menu_item(ui, "Selection Only", true, sel) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Selection Only"), true, sel) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "docinfo-sel", !sel);
     }
     ui.separator();
     let category: String = pstate(ui.ctx(), "docinfo-category");
-    if menu_item(ui, "All Categories", true, category.is_empty()) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("All Categories"), true, category.is_empty()) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "docinfo-category", String::new());
     }
     let info = info(app, ui.ctx(), sel).unwrap_or_default();
@@ -111,7 +114,7 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         }
     }
     ui.separator();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Save…", app.session.active().is_some(), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Save…"), app.session.active().is_some(), false) {
         crate::menus::invoke(app, "docInfo.save", json!({ "selectionOnly": sel }));
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/flattener_preview.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/flattener_preview.rs
index fdd807da0..01d0d9691 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/flattener_preview.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/flattener_preview.rs
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ fn merged(base: &FlattenOptions, over: &Value) -> Value {
 pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let Some(st) = app.session.active() else {
-        super::empty_state(ui, "eye", "No document", "Open a document to preview its flattening.");
+        super::empty_state(ui, "eye", tl!("No document"), tl!("Open a document to preview its flattening."));
         return;
     };
     let (index, revision) = (app.session.active_index().unwrap_or(0), st.revision);
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let mut set = app.ui.flattener_preview.clone();
     let mut refresh_now = false;
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Refresh", 64.0).on_hover_text("Preview the document as it is now").clicked() {
+        if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Refresh"), 64.0).on_hover_text(tl!("Preview the document as it is now")).clicked() {
             refresh_now = true;
         }
         let labels = Highlight::ALL.map(Highlight::label);
@@ -210,13 +210,13 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     });
     ui.add_space(4.0);
     egui::Grid::new("fp-settings").num_columns(2).spacing([8.0, 6.0]).show(ui, |ui| {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Overprints:");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Overprints:"));
         let labels = Overprints::ALL.map(Overprints::label);
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "fp-overprints", set.overprints.label(), &labels, 150.0) {
             set.overprints = Overprints::ALL[i];
         }
         ui.end_row();
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Preset:");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Preset:"));
         let presets = app.session.flattener_presets();
         if let Some(p) = preset_dropdown(ui, "fp-preset", &presets, &set.preset, Some(&set.options), 150.0) {
             set.preset = p.name.clone();
@@ -238,11 +238,17 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         (count, s.is_some_and(|s| s.revision != revision || s.options != set.options || s.overprints != set.overprints))
     });
     if set.highlight != Highlight::None {
-        let what = if matches!(set.highlight, Highlight::RasterizedRegions | Highlight::AllRasterized) { "area" } else { "object" };
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, &format!("{count} {what}{} highlighted", if count == 1 { "" } else { "s" }));
+        let areas = matches!(set.highlight, Highlight::RasterizedRegions | Highlight::AllRasterized);
+        let n = count as u64;
+        let msg = if areas {
+            crate::i18n::tn(n, "{n} area highlighted", "{n} areas highlighted")
+        } else {
+            crate::i18n::tn(n, "{n} object highlighted", "{n} objects highlighted")
+        };
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, &msg);
     }
     if stale {
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Changed since the last Refresh.").color(t.text_dim).size(11.5));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Changed since the last Refresh.")).color(t.text_dim).size(11.5));
     }
     if set != app.ui.flattener_preview {
         app.ui.flattener_preview = set;
@@ -257,7 +263,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 fn preview_area(ui: &mut Ui, t: &Tokens, h: Highlight, overprints: Overprints) {
     let w = ui.available_width();
     let (rect, resp) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(w, (w * 0.8).clamp(140.0, 320.0)), Sense::click_and_drag());
-    let resp = resp.on_hover_text("Click to zoom in, Alt-click to zoom out, drag to pan, double-click to fit");
+    let resp = resp.on_hover_text(tl!("Click to zoom in, Alt-click to zoom out, drag to pan, double-click to fit"));
     ui.painter().rect_filled(rect, 0.0, t.pasteboard);
     let ppp = ui.ctx().pixels_per_point();
     CACHE.with(|c| {
@@ -339,19 +345,19 @@ fn render(
 }
 
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
-    if widgets::menu_item(ui, "Refresh", app.session.active().is_some(), false)
+    if widgets::menu_item(ui, tl!("Refresh"), app.session.active().is_some(), false)
         && let Err(e) = refresh(app)
     {
         app.status(e);
     }
     let shown = app.ui.flattener_preview.show_options;
-    if widgets::menu_item(ui, "Show Options", true, shown) {
+    if widgets::menu_item(ui, tl!("Show Options"), true, shown) {
         app.ui.flattener_preview.show_options = !shown;
     }
-    if widgets::menu_item(ui, "Fit in Window", true, false) {
+    if widgets::menu_item(ui, tl!("Fit in Window"), true, false) {
         CACHE.with(|c| c.borrow_mut().view = View::default());
     }
-    if widgets::menu_item(ui, "Save Transparency Flattener Preset…", true, false) {
+    if widgets::menu_item(ui, tl!("Save Transparency Flattener Preset…"), true, false) {
         // Saved under a new name, then shown in the presets manager to name it.
         match app.run("flattener.presets.save", json!({ "options": app.ui.flattener_preview.options })) {
             Ok(r) => {
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/glyphs.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/glyphs.rs
index 9cbbca69f..81fc527c4 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/glyphs.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/glyphs.rs
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let picked: Option<(String, String)> = pstate(ui.ctx(), "gl-font");
     let (family, style) = picked.or(current).unwrap_or_else(|| (vectorcraft_text::FALLBACK_FAMILY.to_string(), "Regular".to_string()));
     let Some(face) = db.face(&family, &style) else {
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("No fonts are available.").color(t.text_dim));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("No fonts are available.")).color(t.text_dim));
         return;
     };
     let subset: usize = pstate(ui.ctx(), "gl-subset");
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let w = ui.available_width();
     let names: Vec<&str> = SUBSETS.iter().map(|s| s.0).collect();
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Show:").color(t.text_dim));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Show:")).color(t.text_dim));
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "gl-subset", names[subset.min(names.len() - 1)], &names, (w - 50.0).max(80.0)) {
             set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "gl-subset", i);
         }
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                     ui.painter().rect_stroke(rect.shrink(0.5), 0, egui::Stroke::new(0.5, t.border), egui::StrokeKind::Inside);
                     let tex = glyph_texture(ui.ctx(), &face, gid, px);
                     ui.painter().image(tex.id(), rect, egui::Rect::from_min_max(egui::pos2(0.0, 0.0), egui::pos2(1.0, 1.0)), t.text_strong);
-                    let resp = resp.on_hover_text(format!("U+{:04X}  {c}  (glyph {gid})\nDouble-click to insert", c as u32));
+                    let resp = resp.on_hover_text(format!("U+{:04X}  {c}  (glyph {gid})\n{}", c as u32, tl!("Double-click to insert")));
                     if resp.double_clicked() {
                         insert(app, c);
                     }
@@ -187,8 +187,13 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let info = ui.ctx().data(|d| d.get_temp::<(char, u32)>(hover_id));
     ui.label(
         egui::RichText::new(match info {
-            Some((c, g)) => format!("U+{:04X}  glyph {g}  ·  {} glyphs", c as u32, chars.len()),
-            None => format!("{} glyphs", chars.len()),
+            Some((c, g)) => format!(
+                "U+{:04X}  {}  ·  {}",
+                c as u32,
+                crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("glyph {id}"), &[("id", &g.to_string())]),
+                crate::i18n::tn(chars.len() as u64, "{n} glyph", "{n} glyphs")
+            ),
+            None => crate::i18n::tn(chars.len() as u64, "{n} glyph", "{n} glyphs"),
         })
         .size(11.0)
         .color(t.text_dim),
@@ -207,13 +212,13 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 }
 
 pub fn menu(_app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
-    if menu_item(ui, "Use the Selected Text's Font", true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Use the Selected Text's Font"), true, false) {
         set_pstate::<Option<(String, String)>>(ui.ctx(), "gl-font", None);
     }
     ui.separator();
     for (i, (name, _, _)) in SUBSETS.iter().enumerate() {
         let cur: usize = pstate(ui.ctx(), "gl-subset");
-        if menu_item(ui, name, true, cur == i) {
+        if menu_item(ui, tl!(name), true, cur == i) {
             set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "gl-subset", i);
         }
     }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/gradient.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/gradient.rs
index dd071b114..b644af0f1 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/gradient.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/gradient.rs
@@ -185,18 +185,18 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         ui.add_space(4.0);
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                widgets::dim_label(ui, "Type:");
+                widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Type:"));
                 for (k, icon, tip) in [
-                    (GradientKind::Linear, "dc-grad-linear", "Linear Gradient"),
-                    (GradientKind::Radial, "dc-grad-radial", "Radial Gradient"),
-                    (GradientKind::Freeform, "dc-grad-freeform", "Freeform Gradient"),
+                    (GradientKind::Linear, "dc-grad-linear", tl!("Linear Gradient")),
+                    (GradientKind::Radial, "dc-grad-radial", tl!("Radial Gradient")),
+                    (GradientKind::Freeform, "dc-grad-freeform", tl!("Freeform Gradient")),
                 ] {
                     if widgets::icon_button(ui, icon, tip, is_grad && kind == k, 24.0).clicked() {
                         edit(app, json!({"kind": k.label().to_lowercase()}), Live::Released);
                     }
                 }
             });
-            if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Edit Gradient", 96.0).clicked() {
+            if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Edit Gradient"), 96.0).clicked() {
                 app.select_tool("gradient");
             }
         });
@@ -213,11 +213,11 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let stroke_mode = (!app.session.fill_active && is_grad && !freeform).then(|| app.session.shown_stroke().map(|st| st.gradient_mode)).flatten();
     ui.add_space(4.0);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Stroke:");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Stroke:"));
         for (m, icon, tip) in [
-            (StrokeGradientMode::Within, "dc-grad-stroke-within", "Gradient within stroke"),
-            (StrokeGradientMode::Along, "dc-grad-stroke-along", "Gradient along stroke"),
-            (StrokeGradientMode::Across, "dc-grad-stroke-across", "Gradient across stroke"),
+            (StrokeGradientMode::Within, "dc-grad-stroke-within", tl!("Gradient within stroke")),
+            (StrokeGradientMode::Along, "dc-grad-stroke-along", tl!("Gradient along stroke")),
+            (StrokeGradientMode::Across, "dc-grad-stroke-across", tl!("Gradient across stroke")),
         ] {
             let on = stroke_mode == Some(m);
             if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, icon, tip, on, stroke_mode.is_some(), 22.0).clicked() && !on {
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         ui.add_space(4.0);
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                icons::icon(ui, "rotate-ccw", 15.0, if placed { t.icon } else { t.text_disabled }).on_hover_text("Angle");
+                icons::icon(ui, "rotate-ccw", 15.0, if placed { t.icon } else { t.text_disabled }).on_hover_text(tl!("Angle"));
                 let angle = g.geom.map_or(g.angle, |x| x.angle_deg());
                 let set = ui
                     .add_enabled_ui(placed, |ui| {
@@ -247,13 +247,13 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                 if let Some(a) = set {
                     edit(app, json!({"angle": a}), Live::Released);
                 }
-                if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-reverse", "Reverse Gradient", false, is_grad, 22.0).clicked() {
+                if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-reverse", tl!("Reverse Gradient"), false, is_grad, 22.0).clicked() {
                     edit(app, json!({"reverse": true}), Live::Released);
                 }
             });
             let radial = kind == GradientKind::Radial && placed;
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                icons::icon(ui, "scaling", 15.0, if radial { t.icon } else { t.text_disabled }).on_hover_text("Aspect Ratio");
+                icons::icon(ui, "scaling", 15.0, if radial { t.icon } else { t.text_disabled }).on_hover_text(tl!("Aspect Ratio"));
                 let asp = g.geom.map_or(100.0, |x| (x.aspect * 1000.0).round() / 10.0);
                 let set = ui.add_enabled_ui(radial, |ui| widgets::spin_plain(ui, "grad-aspect", asp, "%", 1, 104.0, 1.0, 0.5, &ASPECT_PRESETS)).inner;
                 if let Some(a) = set {
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     ui.add_space(4.0);
     stop_fields(app, ui, &g.gradient, is_grad);
     if !is_grad {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Click the ramp or a type button to apply a gradient.");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Click the ramp or a type button to apply a gradient."));
     }
 }
 
@@ -291,10 +291,10 @@ fn freeform_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, g: &GradientPaint) {
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         super::proxy(app, ui, 36.0);
         ui.add_space(4.0);
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Draw:");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Draw:"));
         for (m, icon, tip) in [
-            (FreeformMode::Points, "circle", "Points: clicks add free points"),
-            (FreeformMode::Lines, "spline", "Lines: clicks add points joined by a line"),
+            (FreeformMode::Points, "circle", tl!("Points: clicks add free points")),
+            (FreeformMode::Lines, "spline", tl!("Lines: clicks add points joined by a line")),
         ] {
             if widgets::icon_button(ui, icon, tip, mode == m, 24.0).clicked() && mode != m {
                 edit(app, json!({ "mode": m.label().to_lowercase() }), Live::Released);
@@ -305,18 +305,18 @@ fn freeform_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, g: &GradientPaint) {
     let sel = app.session.selected_freeform_point().filter(|i| *i < f.points.len());
     let point = sel.map(|i| f.points[i]);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Color:");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Color:"));
         let (r, resp) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(18.0, 18.0), Sense::hover());
         let paint = point.map_or(Paint::None, |p| Paint::solid(p.color));
         widgets::swatch_tile(ui, r, &paint, false, resp.hovered());
-        resp.on_hover_text("Edit the selected point's colour in the Color panel");
+        resp.on_hover_text(tl!("Edit the selected point's colour in the Color panel"));
         if let Some(p) = point {
             widgets::dim_label(ui, &p.color.to_hex().to_uppercase());
         }
     });
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.add_enabled_ui(sel.is_some(), |ui| {
-            for (label, key, value) in [("Opacity:", "opacity", point.map(|p| p.opacity)), ("Spread:", "spread", point.map(|p| p.spread))] {
+            for (label, key, value) in [(tl!("Opacity:"), "opacity", point.map(|p| p.opacity)), (tl!("Spread:"), "spread", point.map(|p| p.spread))] {
                 widgets::dim_label(ui, label);
                 // Blank while no point is selected.
                 let shown = value.map(|v| (v as f64 * 1000.0).round() / 10.0);
@@ -328,14 +328,14 @@ fn freeform_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, g: &GradientPaint) {
             }
         });
         let can_del = sel.is_some() && f.points.len() > 1;
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", "Delete Point", false, can_del, 22.0).clicked()
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", tl!("Delete Point"), false, can_del, 22.0).clicked()
             && let Some(i) = sel
         {
             edit_point(app, "paint.freeform.deletePoint", json!({ "index": i }));
         }
     });
     if sel.is_none() {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Click the art with the Gradient tool to add or select points.");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Click the art with the Gradient tool to add or select points."));
     }
 }
 
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ fn thumbnail(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, g: &GradientPaint, is_grad:
     let (r, resp) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(40.0, 40.0), Sense::click_and_drag());
     widgets::gradient_chip(ui, r, &g.gradient);
     ui.painter().rect_stroke(r, 0.0, Stroke::new(1.0, t.border), StrokeKind::Inside);
-    let resp = resp.on_hover_text("Gradient Fill: click to apply, drag onto art");
+    let resp = resp.on_hover_text(tl!("Gradient Fill: click to apply, drag onto art"));
     if resp.clicked() && !is_grad {
         edit(app, json!({}), Live::Released);
     }
@@ -356,13 +356,13 @@ fn thumbnail(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, g: &GradientPaint, is_grad:
     ui.advance_cursor_after_rect(dr);
     let dresp = ui.interact(dr, ui.id().with("grad-swatches"), Sense::click());
     icons::paint(ui, "chevron-down", Rect::from_center_size(dr.center(), vec2(12.0, 12.0)), if dresp.hovered() { t.text_strong } else { t.icon });
-    let dresp = dresp.on_hover_text("Gradient swatches");
+    let dresp = dresp.on_hover_text(tl!("Gradient swatches"));
     egui::Popup::menu(&dresp).show(|ui| {
         ui.set_min_width(200.0);
         let mut chosen = None;
         let swatches = gradient_swatches(app);
         if swatches.is_empty() {
-            widgets::dim_label(ui, "No gradient swatches");
+            widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("No gradient swatches"));
         }
         for (name, grad) in &swatches {
             let (row, resp) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(ui.available_width(), 22.0), Sense::click());
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ fn thumbnail(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, g: &GradientPaint, is_grad:
             }
         }
         ui.separator();
-        if menu_item(ui, "Save to Swatches", is_grad, false) {
+        if menu_item(ui, tl!("Save to Swatches"), is_grad, false) {
             save_to_swatches(app, g);
         }
         if let Some(name) = chosen {
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ fn stop_fields(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, g: &Gradient, is_grad: boo
     let stop = sel.map(|i| &stops[i]);
     if let (Some(i), Some(s)) = (sel, stop) {
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-            widgets::dim_label(ui, "Color:");
+            widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Color:"));
             let (r, resp) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(18.0, 18.0), Sense::click());
             widgets::swatch_tile(ui, r, &Paint::solid(s.color), false, resp.hovered());
             // A linked stop names its swatch and tint.
@@ -409,18 +409,18 @@ fn stop_fields(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, g: &Gradient, is_grad: boo
                 None => s.color.to_hex().to_uppercase(),
             };
             widgets::dim_label(ui, &label);
-            if resp.on_hover_text("Edit the stop").clicked() {
+            if resp.on_hover_text(tl!("Edit the stop")).clicked() {
                 open_popover(app, i, r.left_bottom() + vec2(0.0, 4.0));
             }
             ui.add_space(ui.available_width() - 22.0);
-            if widgets::icon_button(ui, "pipette", "Eyedropper: click the art to sample the stop's colour", false, 22.0).clicked() {
+            if widgets::icon_button(ui, "pipette", tl!("Eyedropper: click the art to sample the stop's colour"), false, 22.0).clicked() {
                 stop_eyedropper(app);
             }
         });
     }
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.add_enabled_ui(sel.is_some(), |ui| {
-            widgets::dim_label(ui, "Opacity:");
+            widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Opacity:"));
             if let Some(v) = widgets::plain_field(ui, "grad-op", stop.map_or(100.0, |s| s.opacity as f64 * 100.0), "%", 0, 54.0)
                 && let Some(i) = sel
             {
@@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ fn stop_fields(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, g: &Gradient, is_grad: boo
             }
         });
         ui.add_enabled_ui(sel.is_some() || mid.is_some(), |ui| {
-            widgets::dim_label(ui, "Location:");
+            widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Location:"));
             let loc = match (mid, stop) {
                 (Some(m), _) => stops[m].midpoint as f64 * 100.0,
                 (None, Some(s)) => s.offset as f64 * 100.0,
@@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ fn stop_fields(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, g: &Gradient, is_grad: boo
             }
         });
         let can_del = sel.is_some() && stops.len() > MIN_STOPS;
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", "Delete Stop", false, can_del, 22.0).clicked()
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", tl!("Delete Stop"), false, can_del, 22.0).clicked()
             && let Some(i) = sel
             && let Some(v) = remove_stop(stops, i)
         {
@@ -668,19 +668,19 @@ fn ramp(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, g: &Gradient, is_grad: bool) {
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let g = current(app);
     let hidden: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), HIDE_OPTIONS);
-    if menu_item(ui, if hidden { "Show Options" } else { "Hide Options" }, true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, if hidden { tl!("Show Options") } else { tl!("Hide Options") }, true, false) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), HIDE_OPTIONS, !hidden);
     }
     ui.separator();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Add to Swatches", g.is_some(), false)
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Add to Swatches"), g.is_some(), false)
         && let Some(g) = &g
     {
         save_to_swatches(app, g);
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Reverse Gradient", g.is_some(), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Reverse Gradient"), g.is_some(), false) {
         edit(app, json!({"reverse": true}), Live::Released);
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Reset to White, Black", true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Reset to White, Black"), true, false) {
         set_stops(app, &Gradient::default().stops, None, Live::Released);
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/graphic_styles.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/graphic_styles.rs
index d8adbc495..d93729720 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/graphic_styles.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/graphic_styles.rs
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ fn selected(ctx: &egui::Context, d: &Document) -> Vec<String> {
 pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     // The document is shared (an `Arc`): holding it while drawing copies nothing.
     let Some(doc) = app.session.active().map(|d| d.doc.clone()) else {
-        super::empty_state(ui, "dc-graphic-styles", "No document", "Open a document to see its graphic styles.");
+        super::empty_state(ui, "dc-graphic-styles", tl!("No document"), tl!("Open a document to see its graphic styles."));
         return;
     };
     let looks = look_hashes(ui.ctx(), app);
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             ui.set_min_height(120.0);
             ui.set_width(ui.available_width());
             if doc.graphic_styles.is_empty() {
-                super::empty_state(ui, "dc-graphic-styles", "No graphic styles", "Select styled art and click New Graphic Style.");
+                super::empty_state(ui, "dc-graphic-styles", tl!("No graphic styles"), tl!("Select styled art and click New Graphic Style."));
                 return;
             }
             match view.row() {
@@ -490,14 +490,16 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             ui.set_min_width(200.0);
             library_panel::library_menu::<GraphicStyleLibraries>(app, ui);
         });
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "link-2-off", "Break Link to Graphic Style", false, linked, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "link-2-off", tl!("Break Link to Graphic Style"), false, linked, 24.0).clicked() {
             app.run("graphicStyle.breakLink", json!({})).ok();
         }
         ui.add_space((ui.available_width() - 2.0 * 28.0).max(0.0));
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-new-item", "New Graphic Style (Alt-click to name it)", false, has_sel, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-new-item", tl!("New Graphic Style (Alt-click to name it)"), false, has_sel, 24.0).clicked() {
             new_style(app, alt_held(ui));
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", "Delete Graphic Style (Alt-click: without asking)", false, !sel.is_empty(), 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", tl!("Delete Graphic Style (Alt-click: without asking)"), false, !sel.is_empty(), 24.0)
+            .clicked()
+        {
             delete(app, &sel, alt_held(ui));
         }
     });
@@ -548,10 +550,10 @@ fn delete(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, names: &[String], now: bool) {
         return;
     }
     let message = match names {
-        [n] => format!("Delete the graphic style \u{201c}{n}\u{201d}?"),
-        _ => format!("Delete these {} graphic styles?", names.len()),
+        [n] => crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Delete the graphic style “{name}”?"), &[("name", n)]),
+        _ => crate::i18n::tn(names.len() as u64, "Delete this {n} graphic style?", "Delete these {n} graphic styles?"),
     };
-    crate::dialogs::confirm::ask(app, &message, "Objects using them keep their look but are no longer linked.", "graphicStyle.delete", params);
+    crate::dialogs::confirm::ask(app, &message, tl!("Objects using them keep their look but are no longer linked."), "graphicStyle.delete", params);
 }
 
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
@@ -559,15 +561,15 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let sel = doc.as_ref().map(|d| selected(ui.ctx(), d)).unwrap_or_default();
     let one = (sel.len() == 1).then(|| sel[0].clone());
     let has_doc = doc.is_some();
-    if menu_item(ui, "New Graphic Style…", selection_len(app) > 0, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("New Graphic Style…"), selection_len(app) > 0, false) {
         new_style(app, true);
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Duplicate Graphic Style", one.is_some(), false)
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Duplicate Graphic Style"), one.is_some(), false)
         && let Some(n) = &one
     {
         app.run("graphicStyle.duplicate", json!({ "name": n })).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Merge Graphic Styles", sel.len() > 1, false)
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Merge Graphic Styles"), sel.len() > 1, false)
         && let Some(d) = &doc
     {
         // Merged in panel order.
@@ -575,48 +577,48 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         names.sort_by_key(|n| d.graphic_style_index(n));
         run(app, "ui.mergeGraphicStyles", json!({ "names": names }));
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Delete Graphic Style", !sel.is_empty(), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Delete Graphic Style"), !sel.is_empty(), false) {
         delete(app, &sel, false);
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Break Link to Graphic Style", app.session.selection_graphic_style().is_some(), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Break Link to Graphic Style"), app.session.selection_graphic_style().is_some(), false) {
         app.run("graphicStyle.breakLink", json!({})).ok();
     }
     ui.separator();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Select All Unused", has_doc, false)
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Select All Unused"), has_doc, false)
         && let Ok(r) = app.run("graphicStyle.unused", json!({}))
     {
         let names: Vec<String> = serde_json::from_value(r["names"].clone()).unwrap_or_default();
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "gs-sel", names);
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Sort by Name", has_doc, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Sort by Name"), has_doc, false) {
         app.run("graphicStyle.sortByName", json!({})).ok();
     }
     ui.separator();
     let view: View = pstate(ui.ctx(), "gs-view");
     for (v, label) in View::ALL {
-        if menu_item(ui, label, true, view == v) {
+        if menu_item(ui, tl!(label), true, view == v) {
             set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "gs-view", v);
         }
     }
     ui.separator();
     let preview: Preview = pstate(ui.ctx(), "gs-preview");
-    for (p, label) in [(Preview::Square, "Use Square for Previews"), (Preview::Text, "Use Text for Previews")] {
+    for (p, label) in [(Preview::Square, tl!("Use Square for Previews")), (Preview::Text, tl!("Use Text for Previews"))] {
         if menu_item(ui, label, true, preview == p) {
             set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "gs-preview", p);
         }
     }
     let over = app.session.prefs.override_char_color;
-    if menu_item(ui, "Override Character Color", true, over) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Override Character Color"), true, over) {
         app.run("graphicStyle.setOptions", json!({ "overrideCharColor": !over })).ok();
     }
     ui.separator();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Graphic Style Options…", one.is_some(), false)
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Graphic Style Options…"), one.is_some(), false)
         && let Some(n) = &one
     {
         app.run("ui.graphicStyleOptions", json!({ "name": n })).ok();
     }
-    ui.menu_button("Open Graphic Style Library", |ui| library_panel::library_menu::<GraphicStyleLibraries>(app, ui));
-    if menu_item(ui, "Save Graphic Style Library…", has_doc, false) {
+    ui.menu_button(tl!("Open Graphic Style Library"), |ui| library_panel::library_menu::<GraphicStyleLibraries>(app, ui));
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Save Graphic Style Library…"), has_doc, false) {
         run(app, "ui.saveGraphicStyleLibrary", json!({ "names": sel }));
     }
 }
@@ -667,19 +669,19 @@ fn shown_library(lib: Arc<StyleLibrary>) -> LibStyles {
 /// transparency.
 fn describe(g: &GraphicStyle) -> String {
     let ap = &g.appearance;
-    let count = |fill: bool, one: &str| match ap.items.iter().filter(|i| i.is_fill() == fill).count() {
+    let count = |fill: bool| match ap.items.iter().filter(|i| i.is_fill() == fill).count() {
         0 => None,
-        1 => Some(format!("1 {one}")),
-        n => Some(format!("{n} {one}s")),
+        n if fill => Some(crate::i18n::tn(n as u64, "{n} fill", "{n} fills")),
+        n => Some(crate::i18n::tn(n as u64, "{n} stroke", "{n} strokes")),
     };
-    let mut parts: Vec<String> = [count(true, "fill"), count(false, "stroke")].into_iter().flatten().collect();
+    let mut parts: Vec<String> = [count(true), count(false)].into_iter().flatten().collect();
     let effects = ap.effects.iter().filter_map(|e| vectorcraft_render::effects::effect_info(&e.id));
     parts.extend(effects.map(|e| e.label.trim_end_matches('…').to_string()));
     if g.opacity < 1.0 {
-        parts.push(format!("{}% opacity", (g.opacity * 100.0).round()));
+        parts.push(crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("{percent}% opacity"), &[("percent", &format!("{}", (g.opacity * 100.0).round()))]));
     }
     if g.blend != BlendMode::Normal {
-        parts.push(g.blend.label().to_string());
+        parts.push(tl!(g.blend.label()).to_string());
     }
     parts.join(", ")
 }
@@ -728,13 +730,13 @@ impl LibraryKind for GraphicStyleLibraries {
     }
     fn menu_tail(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         ui.separator();
-        if menu_item(ui, "Other Library…", true, false)
+        if menu_item(ui, tl!("Other Library…"), true, false)
             && let Err(e) = other_library(app, None)
         {
             app.status(e);
         }
         let doc = app.session.active().map(|st| st.doc.clone());
-        if menu_item(ui, "Save Graphic Style Library…", doc.is_some(), false) {
+        if menu_item(ui, tl!("Save Graphic Style Library…"), doc.is_some(), false) {
             let names = doc.map(|d| selected(ui.ctx(), &d)).unwrap_or_default();
             run(app, "ui.saveGraphicStyleLibrary", json!({ "names": names }));
         }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/history.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/history.rs
index 007e944f7..75199d7d2 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/history.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/history.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ pub fn steps_to(current: usize, target: usize) -> i64 {
 pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let Some(st) = app.session.active() else {
-        super::empty_state(ui, "history", "No document", "Open a document to see its history.");
+        super::empty_state(ui, "history", tl!("No document"), tl!("Open a document to see its history."));
         return;
     };
     let mut rows: Vec<(String, bool)> = vec![("Open".to_string(), false)];
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                     if *future { t.text_disabled } else { t.icon },
                 );
                 let col = if *future { t.text_disabled } else { t.text };
-                ui.painter().text(r.left_center() + vec2(30.0, 0.0), egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER, label, egui::FontId::proportional(12.5), col);
+                ui.painter().text(r.left_center() + vec2(30.0, 0.0), egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER, tl!(label), egui::FontId::proportional(12.5), col);
                 if resp.clicked() && i != current {
                     steps = Some(steps_to(current, i));
                 }
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 }
 
 pub fn menu(_app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
-    menu_item(ui, "History Options…", false, false);
+    menu_item(ui, tl!("History Options…"), false, false);
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/image_trace.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/image_trace.rs
index 948c49754..07e01595c 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/image_trace.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/image_trace.rs
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ fn trace(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, st: &mut TraceUi) {
 fn slider(ui: &mut Ui, label: &str, v: &mut f64, range: std::ops::RangeInclusive<f64>, suffix: &str) -> (bool, bool) {
     let mut out = (false, false);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        ui.add_sized([74.0, 22.0], egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(label).size(12.0)));
+        ui.add_sized([74.0, 22.0], egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(tl!(label)).size(12.0)));
         // The theme's widget fill matches the panel, which would hide the rail.
         let t = crate::theme::Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
         ui.visuals_mut().widgets.inactive.bg_fill = t.input_border;
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let mut retrace = false;
 
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Preset:");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Preset:"));
         let names: Vec<&str> = all.iter().map(|p| p.0.as_str()).collect();
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "it-preset", &st.preset, &names, 170.0) {
             st.preset = all[i].0.clone();
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         }
     });
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Mode:");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Mode:"));
         let mode = st.params["mode"].as_str().unwrap_or("blackAndWhite").to_string();
         let label = MODES.iter().find(|m| m.0 == mode).map_or("Black and White", |m| m.1);
         let labels: Vec<&str> = MODES.iter().map(|m| m.1).collect();
@@ -97,9 +97,9 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     });
     let bw = st.params["mode"].as_str() == Some("blackAndWhite");
     let (key, label, range) = if bw {
-        ("threshold", "Threshold", 0.0..=255.0)
+        ("threshold", tl!("Threshold"), 0.0..=255.0)
     } else {
-        ("colors", if st.params["mode"] == "grayscale" { "Grays" } else { "Colors" }, 2.0..=256.0)
+        ("colors", if st.params["mode"] == "grayscale" { tl!("Grays") } else { tl!("Colors") }, 2.0..=256.0)
     };
     let mut v = st.params[key].as_f64().unwrap_or(0.0);
     let (changed, release) = slider(ui, label, &mut v, range, "");
@@ -110,12 +110,12 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     retrace |= release;
 
     let open: bool = !pstate::<bool>(ui.ctx(), "it-advanced-closed");
-    if ui.add(egui::Button::new(format!("{} Advanced", if open { "▾" } else { "▸" })).frame(false)).clicked() {
+    if ui.add(egui::Button::new(format!("{} {}", if open { "▾" } else { "▸" }, tl!("Advanced"))).frame(false)).clicked() {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "it-advanced-closed", open);
     }
     if open {
         for (key, label, range, suffix) in
-            [("paths", "Paths", 0.0..=100.0, "%"), ("corners", "Corners", 0.0..=100.0, "%"), ("noise", "Noise", 1.0..=100.0, " px")]
+            [("paths", tl!("Paths"), 0.0..=100.0, "%"), ("corners", tl!("Corners"), 0.0..=100.0, "%"), ("noise", tl!("Noise"), 1.0..=100.0, " px")]
         {
             let mut v = st.params[key].as_f64().unwrap_or(0.0);
             let (changed, release) = slider(ui, label, &mut v, range, suffix);
@@ -126,8 +126,8 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             retrace |= release;
         }
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-            widgets::dim_label(ui, "Method:");
-            for (m, l) in [("abutting", "Abutting"), ("overlapping", "Overlapping")] {
+            widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Method:"));
+            for (m, l) in [("abutting", tl!("Abutting")), ("overlapping", tl!("Overlapping"))] {
                 if ui.selectable_label(st.params["method"] == m, l).clicked() && st.params["method"] != m {
                     st.params["method"] = json!(m);
                     st.preset = "Custom".into();
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                 }
             }
         });
-        for (key, label) in [("snapCurvesToLines", "Snap Curves To Lines"), ("ignoreWhite", "Ignore White")] {
+        for (key, label) in [("snapCurvesToLines", tl!("Snap Curves To Lines")), ("ignoreWhite", tl!("Ignore White"))] {
             let on = st.params[key].as_bool().unwrap_or(false);
             if widgets::check(ui, label, on, true) {
                 st.params[key] = json!(!on);
@@ -146,14 +146,20 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     }
     widgets::divider(ui);
     if let Some((p, a, c)) = st.info {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, &format!("Paths: {p}    Anchors: {a}    Colors: {c}"));
+        widgets::dim_label(
+            ui,
+            &crate::i18n::fmt(
+                tl!("Paths: {paths}    Anchors: {anchors}    Colors: {colors}"),
+                &[("paths", &p.to_string()), ("anchors", &a.to_string()), ("colors", &c.to_string())],
+            ),
+        );
     }
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        let r = ui.add_enabled_ui(is_trace || is_image, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, "Trace", 80.0)).inner;
-        if r.on_disabled_hover_text("Select an image to trace").clicked() {
+        let r = ui.add_enabled_ui(is_trace || is_image, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Trace"), 80.0)).inner;
+        if r.on_disabled_hover_text(tl!("Select an image to trace")).clicked() {
             trace(app, &mut st);
         }
-        if ui.add_enabled_ui(is_trace, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, "Expand", 80.0)).inner.clicked() {
+        if ui.add_enabled_ui(is_trace, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Expand"), 80.0)).inner.clicked() {
             app.run("imageTrace.expand", json!({})).ok();
         }
     });
@@ -165,14 +171,14 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let (is_trace, _, _) = target(app);
-    if menu_item(ui, "Release", is_trace, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Release"), is_trace, false) {
         app.run("imageTrace.release", json!({})).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Expand", is_trace, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Expand"), is_trace, false) {
         app.run("imageTrace.expand", json!({})).ok();
     }
     ui.separator();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Reset to Default", true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Reset to Default"), true, false) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "image-trace", TraceUi::default());
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/info.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/info.rs
index dcb5eb04c..a23678f9f 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/info.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/info.rs
@@ -80,13 +80,19 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         widgets::divider(ui);
         let st = tx.first_style();
         mono(ui, format!("{} {}", st.font_family, st.font_style));
-        mono(ui, format!("Size: {}  Tracking: {:.0}", app.session.type_unit().format(st.size), st.tracking));
+        mono(
+            ui,
+            crate::i18n::fmt(
+                tl!("Size: {size}  Tracking: {tracking}"),
+                &[("size", &app.session.type_unit().format(st.size)), ("tracking", &format!("{:.0}", st.tracking))],
+            ),
+        );
     }
 }
 
 pub fn menu(_app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let hidden: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), "info-hide-options");
-    if menu_item(ui, if hidden { "Show Options" } else { "Hide Options" }, true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, if hidden { tl!("Show Options") } else { tl!("Hide Options") }, true, false) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "info-hide-options", !hidden);
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/layers.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/layers.rs
index 81985c7b5..2e7925866 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/layers.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/layers.rs
@@ -22,6 +22,16 @@ fn expanded_id() -> egui::Id {
     egui::Id::new("layers-expanded")
 }
 
+/// The name painted for a row: a generated `<Kind>` name is translated, anything else is user data.
+fn painted_name(n: &Node, name: &str) -> String {
+    if n.name.is_none()
+        && let Some(inner) = name.strip_prefix('<').and_then(|s| s.strip_suffix('>'))
+    {
+        return format!("<{}>", crate::i18n::t(inner));
+    }
+    name.to_string()
+}
+
 pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let Some(st) = app.session.active() else { return };
@@ -46,7 +56,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let mut expanded: HashSet<u64> = ui.data(|d| d.get_temp(expanded_id())).unwrap_or_else(|| doc.layers.iter().map(|l| l.id.0).collect());
     let mut actions: Vec<(String, serde_json::Value)> = vec![];
     // Search field ("Search All").
-    crate::widgets::search_field(ui, egui::Id::new("layers-search"), "Search All");
+    crate::widgets::search_field(ui, egui::Id::new("layers-search"), tl!("Search All"));
     ui.add_space(6.0);
     let h = ui.available_height() - 34.0;
     egui::ScrollArea::vertical().max_height(h).auto_shrink([false, false]).show(ui, |ui| {
@@ -66,12 +76,12 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     ui.painter().text(
         bar.left_center() + vec2(4.0, 0.0),
         egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
-        format!("{n} Layer{}", if n == 1 { "" } else { "s" }),
+        crate::i18n::tn(n as u64, "{n} Layer", "{n} Layers"),
         egui::FontId::proportional(11.5),
         t.text_dim,
     );
     let mut child = ui.new_child(egui::UiBuilder::new().max_rect(bar).layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center)));
-    let trash = widgets::icon_button(&mut child, "trash-2", "Delete Selection", false, 24.0);
+    let trash = widgets::icon_button(&mut child, "trash-2", tl!("Delete Selection"), false, 24.0);
     // A target circle dropped on the trash clears that appearance.
     if let Some(d) = trash.dnd_release_payload::<PanelDrag>()
         && let PanelDrag::Appearance(id) = *d
@@ -84,16 +94,16 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             actions.push(("layer.delete".into(), json!({})));
         }
     }
-    if widgets::icon_button(&mut child, "file-plus", "Create New Layer", false, 24.0).clicked() {
+    if widgets::icon_button(&mut child, "file-plus", tl!("Create New Layer"), false, 24.0).clicked() {
         actions.push(("layer.new".into(), json!({})));
     }
-    if widgets::icon_button(&mut child, "plus", "Create New Sublayer", false, 24.0).clicked() {
+    if widgets::icon_button(&mut child, "plus", tl!("Create New Sublayer"), false, 24.0).clicked() {
         actions.push(("layer.newSublayer".into(), json!({})));
     }
-    if widgets::icon_button(&mut child, "frame", "Make/Release Clipping Mask", false, 24.0).clicked() {
+    if widgets::icon_button(&mut child, "frame", tl!("Make/Release Clipping Mask"), false, 24.0).clicked() {
         actions.push(("layer.clippingMask.toggle".into(), json!({})));
     }
-    if widgets::icon_button(&mut child, "search", "Locate Object", false, 24.0).clicked() {
+    if widgets::icon_button(&mut child, "search", tl!("Locate Object"), false, 24.0).clicked() {
         // Expand ancestors of the selection.
         if let Some(st) = app.session.active() {
             let mut ex: HashSet<u64> = ui.data(|d| d.get_temp(expanded_id())).unwrap_or_default();
@@ -233,7 +243,9 @@ fn row(
         }
         _ => {
             let painter = ui.painter().with_clip_rect(name_rect);
-            let text = painter.text(egui::pos2(x, r.center().y), egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER, name.clone(), font, t.text);
+            // Generated names ("<Path>", "<Opacity Mask>") are translated where painted; the stored name stays English.
+            let shown = if doc.mask_edit.is_some_and(|m| m.layer == n.id) { tl!("<Opacity Mask>").to_string() } else { painted_name(n, &name) };
+            let text = painter.text(egui::pos2(x, r.center().y), egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER, shown, font, t.text);
             // A clipping path's name is underlined, a masked object's with a dashed line.
             if clip_path {
                 painter.line_segment([text.left_bottom(), text.right_bottom()], Stroke::new(1.0, t.text));
@@ -427,13 +439,13 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         if i == 4 {
             ui.separator();
         }
-        if widgets::menu_item(ui, label, crate::menus::enabled(app, cmd), false) {
+        if widgets::menu_item(ui, tl!(label), crate::menus::enabled(app, cmd), false) {
             app.run(cmd, json!({})).ok();
         }
     }
     ui.separator();
     let remembers = app.session.active().is_some_and(|d| d.doc.paste_remembers_layers);
-    if widgets::menu_item(ui, "Paste Remembers Layers", app.session.active().is_some(), remembers) {
+    if widgets::menu_item(ui, tl!("Paste Remembers Layers"), app.session.active().is_some(), remembers) {
         app.run("layer.pasteRemembersLayers", json!({"on": !remembers})).ok();
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/library_panel.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/library_panel.rs
index 2affee132..0812a358c 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/library_panel.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/library_panel.rs
@@ -174,17 +174,17 @@ fn window<K: LibraryKind>(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context, id: &st
             ui.set_width(256.0);
             let (strip, _) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(256.0, 26.0), Sense::hover());
             ui.painter().rect_filled(strip, CornerRadius { nw: 4, ne: 4, sw: 0, se: 0 }, t.panel_darker);
-            let label = egui::RichText::new(&name).font(theme::semibold(12.0));
-            let galley = ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(name.clone(), theme::semibold(12.0), t.text);
+            let label = egui::RichText::new(tl!(&name)).font(theme::semibold(12.0));
+            let galley = ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(tl!(&name).to_string(), theme::semibold(12.0), t.text);
             let tab = Rect::from_min_size(strip.min, vec2((galley.size().x + 24.0).min(190.0), 26.0));
             ui.painter().rect_filled(tab, CornerRadius { nw: 4, ne: 0, sw: 0, se: 0 }, t.panel);
             ui.put(tab.shrink2(vec2(12.0, 0.0)), egui::Label::new(label.color(t.text)).truncate().selectable(false));
             let close = Rect::from_center_size(strip.right_center() - vec2(13.0, 0.0), vec2(14.0, 14.0));
-            let cr = ui.interact(close, ui.id().with("close-library"), Sense::click()).on_hover_text("Close");
+            let cr = ui.interact(close, ui.id().with("close-library"), Sense::click()).on_hover_text(tl!("Close"));
             icons::paint(ui, "x", close, if cr.hovered() { t.text } else { t.text_dim });
             open = !cr.clicked();
             let menu = Rect::from_center_size(strip.right_center() - vec2(34.0, 0.0), vec2(16.0, 16.0));
-            let mr = ui.interact(menu, ui.id().with("library-menu"), Sense::click()).on_hover_text("Panel menu");
+            let mr = ui.interact(menu, ui.id().with("library-menu"), Sense::click()).on_hover_text(tl!("Panel menu"));
             icons::paint(ui, "menu", menu.shrink(1.0), if mr.hovered() { t.text_strong } else { t.text_dim });
             egui::Popup::menu(&mr).show(|ui| {
                 ui.set_min_width(200.0);
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ fn body<K: LibraryKind>(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, id: &str, lib: &K
     let query = if pstate::<bool>(ui.ctx(), &key::<K>("hide-find")) {
         String::new()
     } else {
-        widgets::search_field(ui, egui::Id::new(key::<K>("find")), "Find")
+        widgets::search_field(ui, egui::Id::new(key::<K>("find")), tl!("Find"))
     };
     ui.add_space(4.0);
     let rows = K::rows(lib, &query.trim().to_lowercase());
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ fn body<K: LibraryKind>(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, id: &str, lib: &K
         egui::ScrollArea::vertical().id_salt(key::<K>("scroll")).max_height(max_height).show(ui, |ui| {
             ui.set_width(ui.available_width());
             if rows.is_empty() {
-                widgets::dim_label(ui, if query.trim().is_empty() { "This library is empty." } else { "No matches." });
+                widgets::dim_label(ui, if query.trim().is_empty() { tl!("This library is empty.") } else { tl!("No matches.") });
             } else if view.is_list() {
                 for row in &rows {
                     let (r, resp, chip) = list_row(ui, tile_id::<K>(row.name), view, is_sel(row.name));
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ fn bottom<K: LibraryKind>(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, id: &str) {
             ui.set_min_width(200.0);
             library_menu::<K>(app, ui);
         });
-        for (icon, tip, step) in [("chevron-left", "Previous Library", -1), ("chevron-right", "Next Library", 1)] {
+        for (icon, tip, step) in [("chevron-left", tl!("Previous Library"), -1), ("chevron-right", tl!("Next Library"), 1)] {
             if widgets::icon_button(ui, icon, tip, false, 24.0).clicked()
                 && let Some(next) = neighbour::<K>(app, id, step)
             {
@@ -327,18 +327,18 @@ fn panel_menu<K: LibraryKind>(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, id: &str) {
     }
     ui.separator();
     let hidden: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), &key::<K>("hide-find"));
-    if menu_item(ui, "Show Find Field", true, !hidden) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Show Find Field"), true, !hidden) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), &key::<K>("hide-find"), !hidden);
     }
     ui.separator();
-    for (label, step) in [("Previous Library", -1), ("Next Library", 1)] {
+    for (label, step) in [(tl!("Previous Library"), -1), (tl!("Next Library"), 1)] {
         if menu_item(ui, label, true, false)
             && let Some(next) = neighbour::<K>(app, id, step)
         {
             open::<K>(app, &next);
         }
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Close Library", true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Close Library"), true, false) {
         app.ui.library_panel = None;
     }
 }
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ pub(crate) fn library_items(ui: &mut Ui, libs: &[LibraryRef], current: Option<&s
         }
     }
     for s in subs {
-        ui.menu_button(s, |ui| {
+        ui.menu_button(tl!(s), |ui| {
             crate::widgets::menu_scroll(ui, |ui| {
                 for l in libs.iter().filter(|l| l.submenu == Some(s)) {
                     item(ui, l);
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/links.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/links.rs
index 0bd233475..124b215fa 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/links.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/links.rs
@@ -198,9 +198,9 @@ fn badge(ui: &Ui, r: egui::Rect, status: &str) {
 fn status_tip(r: &Value) -> String {
     let path = r["found"].as_str().or(r["path"].as_str()).unwrap_or_default();
     match r["status"].as_str().unwrap_or_default() {
-        "missing" => format!("Missing: {path}"),
-        "modified" => format!("Modified since it was read: {path}"),
-        "embedded" => "Embedded".into(),
+        "missing" => crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Missing: {path}"), &[("path", path)]),
+        "modified" => crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Modified since it was read: {path}"), &[("path", path)]),
+        "embedded" => tl!("Embedded").into(),
         _ => path.to_string(),
     }
 }
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let o = options(ui.ctx());
     let Some(cache) = cached(app, ui.ctx(), &o) else {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "No document");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("No document"));
         return;
     };
     let Some(doc) = app.session.active().map(|st| st.doc.clone()) else { return };
@@ -220,9 +220,12 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         ui.set_min_height(110.0);
         ui.set_width(ui.available_width());
         if rows.is_empty() {
-            let detail =
-                if o.show == "all" { "File › Place… brings in an image, linked or embedded." } else { "Nothing matches the Show filter." };
-            super::empty_state(ui, "link", "No images", detail);
+            let detail = if o.show == "all" {
+                tl!("File › Place… brings in an image, linked or embedded.")
+            } else {
+                tl!("Nothing matches the Show filter.")
+            };
+            super::empty_state(ui, "link", tl!("No images"), detail);
             return;
         }
         egui::ScrollArea::vertical().max_height(260.0).auto_shrink([false, true]).show(ui, |ui| {
@@ -297,23 +300,23 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let can_edit = sel.iter().any(|r| r["linked"] == true && !status_is(r, "missing"));
     widgets::bottom_bar(ui, |ui| {
         let info = !o.info;
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, if o.info { "chevron-down" } else { "chevron-right" }, "Show Link Info", false, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, if o.info { "chevron-down" } else { "chevron-right" }, tl!("Show Link Info"), false, 24.0).clicked() {
             set_options(ui.ctx(), |o| o.info = info);
         }
         ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
-            if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "pencil", "Edit Original", false, can_edit, 24.0).clicked() {
+            if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "pencil", tl!("Edit Original"), false, can_edit, 24.0).clicked() {
                 crate::menus::invoke(app, "links.editOriginal", json!({}));
             }
-            if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "rotate-cw", "Update Link", false, !modified.is_empty(), 24.0).clicked() {
+            if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "rotate-cw", tl!("Update Link"), false, !modified.is_empty(), 24.0).clicked() {
                 let r = app.run("links.update", json!({ "ids": modified }));
                 report(app, r, |v| format!("Updated {} image(s)", v["updated"].as_array().map_or(0, Vec::len)));
             }
-            if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "zoom-in", "Go To Link", false, sel.len() == 1, 24.0).clicked()
+            if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "zoom-in", tl!("Go To Link"), false, sel.len() == 1, 24.0).clicked()
                 && let Some(id) = sel.first().and_then(|r| r["id"].as_u64())
             {
                 go_to(app, id);
             }
-            if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "link", "Relink…", false, !sel.is_empty() && can_pick(app), 24.0).clicked() {
+            if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "link", tl!("Relink…"), false, !sel.is_empty() && can_pick(app), 24.0).clicked() {
                 relink(app, ids(&sel, |_| true));
             }
         });
@@ -344,7 +347,7 @@ pub(crate) fn date_label(ms: u64) -> String {
 fn link_info(ui: &mut Ui, info: Option<&Value>) {
     widgets::divider(ui);
     let Some(i) = info else {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Select an image to see its Link Info.");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Select an image to see its Link Info."));
         return;
     };
     let pair = |k: &str| {
@@ -356,38 +359,38 @@ fn link_info(ui: &mut Ui, info: Option<&Value>) {
         }
     };
     let row = super::doc_info::row;
-    row(ui, "Name", i["fileName"].as_str().or(i["name"].as_str()).unwrap_or_default().into());
-    row(ui, "Format", i["format"].as_str().unwrap_or_default().into());
-    row(ui, "Color Space", i["colorMode"].as_str().unwrap_or_default().into());
+    row(ui, tl!("Name"), i["fileName"].as_str().or(i["name"].as_str()).unwrap_or_default().into());
+    row(ui, tl!("Format"), i["format"].as_str().unwrap_or_default().into());
+    row(ui, tl!("Color Space"), i["colorMode"].as_str().unwrap_or_default().into());
     if let Some(l) = i["location"].as_str() {
-        row(ui, "Location", l.into());
+        row(ui, tl!("Location"), l.into());
     }
-    row(ui, "PPI", pair("ppi"));
-    row(ui, "Effective PPI", pair("effectivePpi"));
-    row(ui, "Dimensions", format!("{} × {} px", i["pixelWidth"], i["pixelHeight"]));
+    row(ui, tl!("PPI"), pair("ppi"));
+    row(ui, tl!("Effective PPI"), pair("effectivePpi"));
+    row(ui, tl!("Dimensions"), format!("{} × {} px", i["pixelWidth"], i["pixelHeight"]));
     let scale: Vec<f64> = i["scale"].as_array().into_iter().flatten().filter_map(Value::as_f64).collect();
     if let [x, y] = scale[..] {
-        row(ui, "Scale", format!("H: {x:.1}%  V: {y:.1}%"));
+        row(ui, tl!("Scale"), format!("H: {x:.1}%  V: {y:.1}%"));
     }
-    row(ui, "Rotation", format!("{:.1}°", i["rotation"].as_f64().unwrap_or(0.0)));
+    row(ui, tl!("Rotation"), format!("{:.1}°", i["rotation"].as_f64().unwrap_or(0.0)));
     if let Some(b) = i["fileSize"].as_u64() {
-        row(ui, "Size", size_label(b));
+        row(ui, tl!("Size"), size_label(b));
     }
-    for (k, label) in [("created", "Created"), ("modified", "Modified")] {
+    for (k, label) in [("created", tl!("Created")), ("modified", tl!("Modified"))] {
         if let Some(ms) = i[k].as_u64() {
             row(ui, label, date_label(ms));
         }
     }
     if let Some(p) = i["page"].as_u64() {
-        row(ui, "Page", p.to_string());
+        row(ui, tl!("Page"), p.to_string());
     }
     let status = match i["status"].as_str().unwrap_or_default() {
-        "ok" => "Linked",
-        "missing" => "Missing",
-        "modified" => "Modified",
-        _ => "Embedded",
+        "ok" => tl!("Linked"),
+        "missing" => tl!("Missing"),
+        "modified" => tl!("Modified"),
+        _ => tl!("Embedded"),
     };
-    row(ui, "Status", status.into());
+    row(ui, tl!("Status"), status.into());
 }
 
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
@@ -400,26 +403,26 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let embedded: Vec<&Value> = sel.iter().copied().filter(|r| status_is(r, "embedded")).collect();
     let any = !sel.is_empty();
     let missing_any = list["missing"].as_u64().unwrap_or(0) > 0;
-    if menu_item(ui, "Relink…", any && can_pick(app), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Relink…"), any && can_pick(app), false) {
         relink(app, ids(&sel, |_| true));
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Relink to Folder…", (any || missing_any) && app.services.pick_folder.is_some(), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Relink to Folder…"), (any || missing_any) && app.services.pick_folder.is_some(), false) {
         relink_to_folder(app, ids(&sel, |_| true));
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Go To Link", sel.len() == 1, false)
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Go To Link"), sel.len() == 1, false)
         && let Some(id) = sel.first().and_then(|r| r["id"].as_u64())
     {
         go_to(app, id);
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Update Link", sel.iter().any(|r| status_is(r, "modified")), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Update Link"), sel.iter().any(|r| status_is(r, "modified")), false) {
         let r = app.run("links.update", json!({ "ids": ids(&sel, |r| status_is(r, "modified")) }));
         report(app, r, |v| format!("Updated {} image(s)", v["updated"].as_array().map_or(0, Vec::len)));
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Edit Original", sel.iter().any(|r| r["linked"] == true && !status_is(r, "missing")), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Edit Original"), sel.iter().any(|r| r["linked"] == true && !status_is(r, "missing")), false) {
         crate::menus::invoke(app, "links.editOriginal", json!({}));
     }
     ui.separator();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Embed Image(s)", !linked.is_empty(), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Embed Image(s)"), !linked.is_empty(), false) {
         let r = app.run("links.embed", json!({ "ids": linked }));
         report(app, r, |v| {
             let missing = v["missing"].as_array().map_or(0, Vec::len);
@@ -427,38 +430,38 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             if missing == 0 { format!("Embedded {n} image(s)") } else { format!("Embedded {n} image(s); {missing} missing: relink them first") }
         });
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Unembed…", embedded.len() == 1, false)
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Unembed…"), embedded.len() == 1, false)
         && let Some(r) = embedded.first()
         && let Some(id) = r["id"].as_u64()
     {
         let name = r["name"].as_str().unwrap_or("Image").to_string();
         unembed(app, id, &name);
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Placement Options…", any, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Placement Options…"), any, false) {
         crate::menus::invoke(app, "ui.placementOptionsDialog", json!({ "ids": ids(&sel, |_| true) }));
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Show in Folder", sel.iter().any(|r| r["linked"] == true && !status_is(r, "missing")), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Show in Folder"), sel.iter().any(|r| r["linked"] == true && !status_is(r, "missing")), false) {
         crate::menus::invoke(app, "links.reveal", json!({}));
     }
     ui.separator();
     for (id, label) in SHOW {
-        if menu_item(ui, label, true, o.show == id) {
+        if menu_item(ui, tl!(label), true, o.show == id) {
             set_options(ui.ctx(), |o| o.show = id);
         }
     }
     ui.separator();
     for (id, label) in SORT {
-        if menu_item(ui, label, true, o.sort == Some(id)) {
+        if menu_item(ui, tl!(label), true, o.sort == Some(id)) {
             set_options(ui.ctx(), |o| o.sort = if o.sort == Some(id) { None } else { Some(id) });
         }
     }
     ui.separator();
     for (px, label) in THUMBS {
-        if menu_item(ui, label, true, o.thumb == px) {
+        if menu_item(ui, tl!(label), true, o.thumb == px) {
             set_options(ui.ctx(), |o| o.thumb = px);
         }
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Show Link Info", true, o.info) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Show Link Info"), true, o.info) {
         set_options(ui.ctx(), |o| o.info = !o.info);
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/magic_wand.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/magic_wand.rs
index 6e9c18c86..c2895e19f 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/magic_wand.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/magic_wand.rs
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ fn row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, o: &Value, label: &str, flag: &str
     let on = o[flag].as_bool().unwrap_or(false);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.set_min_height(26.0);
-        if widgets::check(ui, label, on, true) {
+        if widgets::check(ui, tl!(label), on, true) {
             app.run("magicWand.set", json!({ flag: !on })).ok();
         }
         if let Some((key, kind, max)) = tol {
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ fn row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, o: &Value, label: &str, flag: &str
                         app.run("magicWand.set", json!({ key: n.clamp(0.0, max) })).ok();
                     }
                 });
-                widgets::dim_label(ui, "Tolerance:");
+                widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Tolerance:"));
             });
         }
     });
@@ -49,28 +49,28 @@ fn row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, o: &Value, label: &str, flag: &str
 
 pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let o = options(app);
-    row(app, ui, &o, "Fill Color", "fillColor", Some(("fillTolerance", Tol::Plain(""), 255.0)));
+    row(app, ui, &o, tl!("Fill Color"), "fillColor", Some(("fillTolerance", Tol::Plain(""), 255.0)));
     if !pstate::<bool>(ui.ctx(), "wand-hide-stroke") {
         widgets::divider(ui);
-        row(app, ui, &o, "Stroke Color", "strokeColor", Some(("strokeTolerance", Tol::Plain(""), 255.0)));
-        row(app, ui, &o, "Stroke Weight", "strokeWeight", Some(("weightTolerance", Tol::Weight, 1000.0)));
+        row(app, ui, &o, tl!("Stroke Color"), "strokeColor", Some(("strokeTolerance", Tol::Plain(""), 255.0)));
+        row(app, ui, &o, tl!("Stroke Weight"), "strokeWeight", Some(("weightTolerance", Tol::Weight, 1000.0)));
     }
     if !pstate::<bool>(ui.ctx(), "wand-hide-transparency") {
         widgets::divider(ui);
-        row(app, ui, &o, "Opacity", "opacity", Some(("opacityTolerance", Tol::Plain("%"), 100.0)));
-        row(app, ui, &o, "Blending Mode", "blendingMode", None);
+        row(app, ui, &o, tl!("Opacity"), "opacity", Some(("opacityTolerance", Tol::Plain("%"), 100.0)));
+        row(app, ui, &o, tl!("Blending Mode"), "blendingMode", None);
     }
 }
 
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
-    for (label, key) in [("Stroke Options", "wand-hide-stroke"), ("Transparency Options", "wand-hide-transparency")] {
+    for (label, key) in [(tl!("Stroke Options"), "wand-hide-stroke"), (tl!("Transparency Options"), "wand-hide-transparency")] {
         let hidden: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), key);
-        if menu_item(ui, &format!("{} {label}", if hidden { "Show" } else { "Hide" }), true, false) {
+        if menu_item(ui, &format!("{} {label}", if hidden { tl!("Show") } else { tl!("Hide") }), true, false) {
             set_pstate(ui.ctx(), key, !hidden);
         }
     }
     ui.separator();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Reset", true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Reset"), true, false) {
         app.run("magicWand.set", json!({ "reset": true })).ok();
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/mod.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/mod.rs
index edf4467e4..1dcef79d1 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/mod.rs
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ pub fn show_icon_panel(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, id: &str) {
         asset_export::ID => asset_export::show(app, ui),
         css_properties::ID => css_properties::show(app, ui),
         _ => {
-            dim_label(ui, "This panel is on the roadmap (see the parity plan).");
+            dim_label(ui, tl!("This panel is on the roadmap (see the parity plan)."));
         }
     }
 }
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ pub fn panel_menu_items(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, id: &str) {
         asset_export::ID => asset_export::menu(app, ui),
         css_properties::ID => css_properties::menu(app, ui),
         _ => {
-            ui.add_enabled(false, egui::Button::new("No options").frame(false));
+            ui.add_enabled(false, egui::Button::new(tl!("No options")).frame(false));
         }
     }
 }
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ pub fn panel_menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, id: &str, rect: Rect) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let resp = ui.interact(rect, ui.id().with(("panel-menu", id)), Sense::click());
     icons::paint(ui, "menu", rect.shrink(1.0), if resp.hovered() { t.text_strong } else { t.text_dim });
-    let resp = resp.on_hover_text("Panel menu");
+    let resp = resp.on_hover_text(tl!("Panel menu"));
     egui::Popup::menu(&resp).show(|ui| {
         crate::widgets::menu_scroll(ui, |ui| {
             ui.set_min_width(220.0);
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ pub fn libraries(_app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     ui.vertical_centered(|ui| {
         icons::icon(ui, "library", 40.0, t.text_dim);
         ui.add_space(8.0);
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Local Libraries").size(14.0).color(t.text));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Local Libraries")).size(14.0).color(t.text));
         dim_label(
             ui,
             "Drag art, colors and text styles here to reuse them across documents. Libraries are stored on this machine — no account required.",
@@ -425,8 +425,8 @@ pub(crate) fn empty_state(ui: &mut Ui, icon: &str, title: &str, body: &str) {
     ui.vertical_centered(|ui| {
         icons::icon(ui, icon, 28.0, t.text_disabled);
         ui.add_space(4.0);
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(title).size(12.5).color(t.text));
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(body).size(11.5).color(t.text_dim));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(title)).size(12.5).color(t.text));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(body)).size(11.5).color(t.text_dim));
     });
     ui.add_space(12.0);
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/navigator.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/navigator.rs
index 111a16944..921b48bfb 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/navigator.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/navigator.rs
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ pub fn slider_to_zoom(t: f64) -> f64 {
 pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let Some(st) = app.session.active() else {
-        super::empty_state(ui, "map", "No document", "Open a document to navigate it.");
+        super::empty_state(ui, "map", tl!("No document"), tl!("Open a document to navigate it."));
         return;
     };
     let artboard_only: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), "nav-ab-only");
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         if let Some(v) = widgets::plain_field(ui, "nav-zoom", zoom, "%", 2, 64.0) {
             z = Some(v);
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-zoom-small", "Zoom Out", false, 22.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-zoom-small", tl!("Zoom Out"), false, 22.0).clicked() {
             app.run("view.zoomOut", json!({})).ok();
         }
         let sw = (ui.available_width() - 30.0).max(40.0);
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         {
             z = Some(slider_to_zoom(v as f64));
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-zoom-large", "Zoom In", false, 22.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-zoom-large", tl!("Zoom In"), false, 22.0).clicked() {
             app.run("view.zoomIn", json!({})).ok();
         }
         if let Some(z) = z {
@@ -139,10 +139,10 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 
 pub fn menu(_app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let ab: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), "nav-ab-only");
-    if menu_item(ui, "View Artboard Only", true, ab) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("View Artboard Only"), true, ab) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "nav-ab-only", !ab);
     }
-    menu_item(ui, "Panel Options…", false, false);
+    menu_item(ui, tl!("Panel Options…"), false, false);
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/opentype.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/opentype.rs
index a73c2e9e8..9f737233f 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/opentype.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/opentype.rs
@@ -29,13 +29,13 @@ fn set(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, f: OtFeatures) {
 
 pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let Some((st, _)) = text_style(app) else {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Select text to set its OpenType features.");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Select text to set its OpenType features."));
         return;
     };
     let cur = OtFeatures::from_tags(st.features.iter().map(String::as_str));
     let mut next = cur;
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Figure:");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Figure:"));
         let fig = match (cur.tabular_figures, cur.oldstyle_figures) {
             (false, false) => 0,
             (true, false) => 1,
@@ -49,13 +49,13 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     });
     widgets::divider(ui);
     let rows: [Toggle; 7] = [
-        ("Standard Ligatures", |f| &mut f.ligatures),
-        ("Contextual Alternates", |f| &mut f.contextual),
-        ("Discretionary Ligatures", |f| &mut f.discretionary_ligatures),
-        ("Swash", |f| &mut f.swash),
-        ("Small Caps", |f| &mut f.small_caps),
-        ("Ordinals", |f| &mut f.ordinals),
-        ("Fractions", |f| &mut f.fractions),
+        (tl!("Standard Ligatures"), |f| &mut f.ligatures),
+        (tl!("Contextual Alternates"), |f| &mut f.contextual),
+        (tl!("Discretionary Ligatures"), |f| &mut f.discretionary_ligatures),
+        (tl!("Swash"), |f| &mut f.swash),
+        (tl!("Small Caps"), |f| &mut f.small_caps),
+        (tl!("Ordinals"), |f| &mut f.ordinals),
+        (tl!("Fractions"), |f| &mut f.fractions),
     ];
     for (label, field) in rows {
         let on = *field(&mut next.clone());
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         }
     }
     if st.tracking.abs() > 1e-9 && cur.ligatures {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Ligatures are off while the text is tracked.");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Ligatures are off while the text is tracked."));
     }
     if next != cur {
         set(app, next);
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 }
 
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
-    if menu_item(ui, "Reset OpenType Features", text_style(app).is_some(), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Reset OpenType Features"), text_style(app).is_some(), false) {
         set(app, OtFeatures::default());
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/paragraph.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/paragraph.rs
index c3097e99e..2257e43ef 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/paragraph.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/paragraph.rs
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ fn para_cmd(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, cmd: &str, mut p: Value) {
 pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let Some((_, para)) = text_style(app) else {
-        super::empty_state(ui, "pilcrow", "No text selected", "Select a text object to edit its paragraph attributes.");
+        super::empty_state(ui, "pilcrow", tl!("No text selected"), tl!("Select a text object to edit its paragraph attributes."));
         return;
     };
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
@@ -55,34 +55,34 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         ui.add_sized(vec2(22.0, 24.0), egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(s).size(11.5).strong().color(t.text))).on_hover_text(tip);
     };
     egui::Grid::new("para-grid").num_columns(4).spacing([4.0, 4.0]).show(ui, |ui| {
-        label(ui, "→|", "Left Indent");
+        label(ui, "→|", tl!("Left Indent"));
         if let Some(v) = widgets::spin_field(ui, "pa-li", Some(para.left_indent), unit, fw, 1.0, -1296.0, &[]) {
             format(app, json!({"leftIndent": v}));
         }
-        label(ui, "|←", "Right Indent");
+        label(ui, "|←", tl!("Right Indent"));
         if let Some(v) = widgets::spin_field(ui, "pa-ri", Some(para.right_indent), unit, fw, 1.0, -1296.0, &[]) {
             format(app, json!({"rightIndent": v}));
         }
         ui.end_row();
-        label(ui, "1→", "First-line Left Indent");
+        label(ui, "1→", tl!("First-line Left Indent"));
         if let Some(v) = widgets::spin_field(ui, "pa-fi", Some(para.first_line_indent), unit, fw, 1.0, -1296.0, &[]) {
             format(app, json!({"firstLineIndent": v}));
         }
         ui.label("");
         ui.label("");
         ui.end_row();
-        label(ui, "↑¶", "Space Before Paragraph");
+        label(ui, "↑¶", tl!("Space Before Paragraph"));
         if let Some(v) = widgets::spin_field(ui, "pa-sb", Some(para.space_before), unit, fw, 1.0, 0.0, &[]) {
             format(app, json!({"spaceBefore": v}));
         }
-        label(ui, "↓¶", "Space After Paragraph");
+        label(ui, "↓¶", tl!("Space After Paragraph"));
         if let Some(v) = widgets::spin_field(ui, "pa-sa", Some(para.space_after), unit, fw, 1.0, 0.0, &[]) {
             format(app, json!({"spaceAfter": v}));
         }
         ui.end_row();
     });
     ui.add_space(4.0);
-    if !pstate::<bool>(ui.ctx(), "pa-hide-options") && widgets::check(ui, "Hyphenate", para.hyphenate, true) {
+    if !pstate::<bool>(ui.ctx(), "pa-hide-options") && widgets::check(ui, tl!("Hyphenate"), para.hyphenate, true) {
         format(app, json!({"hyphenate": !para.hyphenate}));
     }
 }
@@ -90,18 +90,18 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let has = text_style(app).is_some();
     let hidden: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), "pa-hide-options");
-    if menu_item(ui, if hidden { "Show Options" } else { "Hide Options" }, true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, if hidden { tl!("Show Options") } else { tl!("Hide Options") }, true, false) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "pa-hide-options", !hidden);
     }
     ui.separator();
-    for l in ["Roman Hanging Punctuation", "Justification…", "Hyphenation…"] {
+    for l in [tl!("Roman Hanging Punctuation"), tl!("Justification…"), tl!("Hyphenation…")] {
         menu_item(ui, l, false, false);
     }
     ui.separator();
-    menu_item(ui, "Single-line Composer", false, false);
-    menu_item(ui, "Every-line Composer", false, true);
+    menu_item(ui, tl!("Single-line Composer"), false, false);
+    menu_item(ui, tl!("Every-line Composer"), false, true);
     ui.separator();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Reset Panel", has, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Reset Panel"), has, false) {
         para_cmd(app, "text.setStyle", json!({"justify": "left"}));
         format(app, json!({"leftIndent": 0, "rightIndent": 0, "firstLineIndent": 0, "spaceBefore": 0, "spaceAfter": 0, "hyphenate": false}));
     }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/pathfinder.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/pathfinder.rs
index eab9b1d72..7f25d5e15 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/pathfinder.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/pathfinder.rs
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ fn run(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &Ui, op: &str, label: &str) {
 pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let n = selection_len(app);
     let t = crate::theme::Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Shape Modes:");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Shape Modes:"));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.x = 5.0;
         for (icon, tip, op) in SHAPE_MODES {
@@ -43,12 +43,12 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         ui.add_enabled_ui(false, |ui| {
             let (r, _) = ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(ui.available_width().min(90.0), 26.0), egui::Sense::hover());
             ui.painter().rect_filled(r, 2, t.hover.gamma_multiply(0.5));
-            ui.painter().text(r.center(), egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER, "Expand", egui::FontId::proportional(12.5), t.text_disabled);
+            ui.painter().text(r.center(), egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER, tl!("Expand"), egui::FontId::proportional(12.5), t.text_disabled);
         })
         .response
-        .on_disabled_hover_text("Expand applies to compound shapes (Alt-click a shape mode) — on the roadmap");
+        .on_disabled_hover_text(tl!("Expand applies to compound shapes (Alt-click a shape mode) — on the roadmap"));
     });
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Pathfinders:");
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Pathfinders:"));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.x = 5.0;
         for (icon, tip, op) in PATHFINDERS {
@@ -61,17 +61,18 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 }
 
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
-    menu_item(ui, "Trap…", false, false);
+    menu_item(ui, tl!("Trap…"), false, false);
     let last: Option<(String, String)> = pstate(ui.ctx(), "pf-last");
-    let label = last.as_ref().map(|(_, l)| format!("Repeat {l}")).unwrap_or_else(|| "Repeat Pathfinder".into());
+    let label =
+        last.as_ref().map(|(_, l)| crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Repeat {name}"), &[("name", tl!(l))])).unwrap_or_else(|| tl!("Repeat Pathfinder").into());
     if menu_item(ui, &label, last.is_some() && selection_len(app) >= 1, false)
         && let Some((op, l)) = last
     {
         run(app, ui, &op, &l);
     }
-    menu_item(ui, "Pathfinder Options…", false, false);
+    menu_item(ui, tl!("Pathfinder Options…"), false, false);
     ui.separator();
-    menu_item(ui, "Make Compound Shape", false, false);
-    menu_item(ui, "Release Compound Shape", false, false);
-    menu_item(ui, "Expand Compound Shape", false, false);
+    menu_item(ui, tl!("Make Compound Shape"), false, false);
+    menu_item(ui, tl!("Release Compound Shape"), false, false);
+    menu_item(ui, tl!("Expand Compound Shape"), false, false);
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/pattern_options.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/pattern_options.rs
index 09a113882..cf33bc7a9 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/pattern_options.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/pattern_options.rs
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ fn set(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, name: &str, mut p: Value) {
 
 pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     if app.session.active().is_none() {
-        super::empty_state(ui, "swatch-book", "No document", "Open a document to edit its patterns.");
+        super::empty_state(ui, "swatch-book", tl!("No document"), tl!("Open a document to edit its patterns."));
         return;
     }
     let Some((def, unit)) = editing(app) else {
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     };
     let name = def.name.clone();
     // Name (commit on Enter / focus loss).
-    row(ui, "Name:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Name:"), |ui| {
         let id = ui.id().with("po-name");
         let mut buf: String = ui.data_mut(|d| d.get_temp::<String>(id)).unwrap_or_else(|| name.clone());
         if !ui.memory(|m| m.has_focus(id)) {
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         }
     });
     let tt_index = TileType::IDS.iter().position(|i| *i == def.tile_type.id()).unwrap_or(0);
-    row(ui, "Tile Type:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Tile Type:"), |ui| {
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "po-tile", TILE_LABELS[tt_index], &TILE_LABELS, 150.0) {
             set(app, &name, json!({"tileType": TileType::IDS[i]}));
         }
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         TileType::BrickByRow { offset } | TileType::BrickByColumn { offset } => Some(offset),
         _ => None,
     };
-    row(ui, "Brick Offset:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Brick Offset:"), |ui| {
         ui.add_enabled_ui(offset.is_some(), |ui| {
             let cur = BRICK.iter().find(|(_, v)| offset.is_some_and(|o| (o - v).abs() < 1e-6)).map(|(l, _)| *l).unwrap_or("1/2");
             let labels: Vec<&str> = BRICK.iter().map(|(l, _)| *l).collect();
@@ -76,38 +76,38 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         });
     });
     let sized = def.size_tile_to_art;
-    row(ui, "Width:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Width:"), |ui| {
         ui.add_enabled_ui(!sized, |ui| {
             if let Some(v) = widgets::num_field(ui, "po-w", Some(def.tile.width()), unit, 90.0) {
                 set(app, &name, json!({"width": v}));
             }
         });
     });
-    row(ui, "Height:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Height:"), |ui| {
         ui.add_enabled_ui(!sized, |ui| {
             if let Some(v) = widgets::num_field(ui, "po-h", Some(def.tile.height()), unit, 90.0) {
                 set(app, &name, json!({"height": v}));
             }
         });
     });
-    if widgets::check(ui, "Size Tile to Art", sized, true) {
+    if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Size Tile to Art"), sized, true) {
         set(app, &name, json!({"sizeTileToArt": !sized}));
     }
-    row(ui, "H Spacing:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("H Spacing:"), |ui| {
         ui.add_enabled_ui(sized, |ui| {
             if let Some(v) = widgets::num_field(ui, "po-hs", Some(def.h_spacing), unit, 90.0) {
                 set(app, &name, json!({"hSpacing": v}));
             }
         });
     });
-    row(ui, "V Spacing:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("V Spacing:"), |ui| {
         ui.add_enabled_ui(sized, |ui| {
             if let Some(v) = widgets::num_field(ui, "po-vs", Some(def.v_spacing), unit, 90.0) {
                 set(app, &name, json!({"vSpacing": v}));
             }
         });
     });
-    row(ui, "Overlap:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Overlap:"), |ui| {
         let h = if def.overlap.right_in_front { "Right in Front" } else { "Left in Front" };
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "po-oh", h, &["Left in Front", "Right in Front"], 110.0) {
             set(app, &name, json!({"overlap": {"h": if i == 1 { "right" } else { "left" }}}));
@@ -120,35 +120,35 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         }
     });
     widgets::divider(ui);
-    row(ui, "Copies:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Copies:"), |ui| {
         let cur = COPIES.iter().find(|(_, n)| *n == def.copies).map(|(l, _)| *l).unwrap_or("5 x 5");
         let labels: Vec<&str> = COPIES.iter().map(|(l, _)| *l).collect();
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "po-copies", cur, &labels, 80.0) {
             set(app, &name, json!({"copies": COPIES[i].1}));
         }
     });
-    row(ui, "Dim Copies to:", |ui| {
+    row(ui, tl!("Dim Copies to:"), |ui| {
         if let Some(v) = widgets::plain_field(ui, "po-dim", def.dim_copies as f64, "%", 0, 60.0) {
             set(app, &name, json!({"dimCopies": v}));
         }
     });
-    if widgets::check(ui, "Show Tile Edge", def.show_tile_edge, true) {
+    if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Show Tile Edge"), def.show_tile_edge, true) {
         set(app, &name, json!({"showTileEdge": !def.show_tile_edge}));
     }
-    if widgets::check(ui, "Show Swatch Bounds", def.show_swatch_bounds, true) {
+    if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Show Swatch Bounds"), def.show_swatch_bounds, true) {
         set(app, &name, json!({"showSwatchBounds": !def.show_swatch_bounds}));
     }
     widgets::divider(ui);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Save a Copy", 90.0).clicked()
+        if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Save a Copy"), 90.0).clicked()
             && let Err(e) = app.run("object.pattern.saveCopy", json!({}))
         {
             app.status(e);
         }
-        if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Done", 60.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Done"), 60.0).clicked() {
             app.run("object.pattern.done", json!({})).ok();
         }
-        if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Cancel", 60.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Cancel"), 60.0).clicked() {
             app.run("object.pattern.cancel", json!({})).ok();
         }
     });
@@ -157,10 +157,10 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 /// Not editing: the document's patterns, one to pick and edit.
 fn idle(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let names: Vec<String> = app.session.active().map(|st| st.doc.patterns.iter().map(|p| p.name.clone()).collect()).unwrap_or_default();
-    widgets::dim_label(ui, "Pattern options are available in pattern editing mode.");
+    widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Pattern options are available in pattern editing mode."));
     ui.add_space(4.0);
     if names.is_empty() {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Select art and choose Object › Pattern › Make.");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Select art and choose Object › Pattern › Make."));
         return;
     }
     let mut chosen: String = pstate(ui.ctx(), "po-chosen");
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ fn idle(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "po-pick", &chosen, &labels, 150.0) {
             set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "po-chosen", names[i].clone());
         }
-        if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Edit Pattern", 90.0).clicked()
+        if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Edit Pattern"), 90.0).clicked()
             && let Err(e) = app.run("object.pattern.edit", json!({"name": chosen}))
         {
             app.status(e);
@@ -182,13 +182,13 @@ fn idle(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let editing = editing(app).is_some();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Save a Copy", editing, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Save a Copy"), editing, false) {
         app.run("object.pattern.saveCopy", json!({})).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Done", editing, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Done"), editing, false) {
         app.run("object.pattern.done", json!({})).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Cancel", editing, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Cancel"), editing, false) {
         app.run("object.pattern.cancel", json!({})).ok();
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/properties.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/properties.rs
index c54b4f3b4..0b4953abd 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/properties.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/properties.rs
@@ -12,15 +12,15 @@ use crate::{VectorcraftApp, icons};
 pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let Some(st) = app.session.active() else {
-        dim_label(ui, "No document open");
+        dim_label(ui, tl!("No document open"));
         return;
     };
     let n_sel = st.selection.len();
     let first = first_selected(app);
     let label = match (&first, n_sel) {
-        (None, _) => "Document".to_string(),
-        (_, n) if n > 1 => format!("{n} Objects"),
-        (Some(n), _) => n.kind_label().to_string(),
+        (None, _) => tl!("Document").to_string(),
+        (_, n) if n > 1 => crate::i18n::tn(n as u64, "{n} Object", "{n} Objects"),
+        (Some(n), _) => tl!(n.kind_label()).to_string(),
     };
     ui.label(egui::RichText::new(label).size(11.5).color(t.text_dim));
     ui.add_space(4.0);
@@ -40,15 +40,15 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     }
     appearance_section(app, ui);
     divider(ui);
-    section_header(ui, "Align");
+    section_header(ui, tl!("Align"));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         for (icon, tip, p) in [
-            ("align-start-vertical", "Horizontal Align Left", json!({"horizontal": "left"})),
-            ("align-center-vertical", "Horizontal Align Center", json!({"horizontal": "center"})),
-            ("align-end-vertical", "Horizontal Align Right", json!({"horizontal": "right"})),
-            ("align-start-horizontal", "Vertical Align Top", json!({"vertical": "top"})),
-            ("align-center-horizontal", "Vertical Align Center", json!({"vertical": "center"})),
-            ("align-end-horizontal", "Vertical Align Bottom", json!({"vertical": "bottom"})),
+            ("align-start-vertical", tl!("Horizontal Align Left"), json!({"horizontal": "left"})),
+            ("align-center-vertical", tl!("Horizontal Align Center"), json!({"horizontal": "center"})),
+            ("align-end-vertical", tl!("Horizontal Align Right"), json!({"horizontal": "right"})),
+            ("align-start-horizontal", tl!("Vertical Align Top"), json!({"vertical": "top"})),
+            ("align-center-horizontal", tl!("Vertical Align Center"), json!({"vertical": "center"})),
+            ("align-end-horizontal", tl!("Vertical Align Bottom"), json!({"vertical": "bottom"})),
         ] {
             if widgets::icon_button(ui, icon, tip, false, 26.0).clicked() {
                 let mut p = p;
@@ -61,46 +61,46 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     });
     if n_sel > 1 {
         divider(ui);
-        section_header(ui, "Pathfinder");
+        section_header(ui, tl!("Pathfinder"));
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
             for (icon, tip, op) in [
-                ("squares-unite", "Unite", "unite"),
-                ("squares-subtract", "Minus Front", "minusFront"),
-                ("squares-intersect", "Intersect", "intersect"),
-                ("squares-exclude", "Exclude", "exclude"),
+                ("squares-unite", tl!("Unite"), "unite"),
+                ("squares-subtract", tl!("Minus Front"), "minusFront"),
+                ("squares-intersect", tl!("Intersect"), "intersect"),
+                ("squares-exclude", tl!("Exclude"), "exclude"),
             ] {
                 if widgets::icon_button(ui, icon, tip, false, 28.0).clicked() {
                     app.run(&format!("object.pathfinder.{op}"), json!({})).ok();
                 }
             }
-            if widgets::icon_button(ui, "ellipsis", "More Pathfinder options", false, 28.0).clicked() {
+            if widgets::icon_button(ui, "ellipsis", tl!("More Pathfinder options"), false, 28.0).clicked() {
                 app.ui.open_panel = Some("pathfinder".into());
             }
         });
     }
     divider(ui);
-    section_header(ui, "Quick Actions");
+    section_header(ui, tl!("Quick Actions"));
     let is_group = matches!(first.as_ref().map(|n| &n.kind), Some(NodeKind::Group { .. }));
     let is_live = matches!(first.as_ref().map(|n| &n.kind), Some(NodeKind::Path { live: Some(_), .. }));
     let mut actions: Vec<(&str, &str)> = vec![];
     if n_sel > 1 {
-        actions.push(("Group", "object.group"));
-        actions.push(("Make Clipping Mask", "object.clippingMask.make"));
+        actions.push((tl!("Group"), "object.group"));
+        actions.push((tl!("Make Clipping Mask"), "object.clippingMask.make"));
     }
     if is_group {
-        actions.push(("Ungroup", "object.ungroup"));
-        actions.push(("Isolate Group", "object.isolate"));
+        actions.push((tl!("Ungroup"), "object.ungroup"));
+        actions.push((tl!("Isolate Group"), "object.isolate"));
     }
     if is_live {
-        actions.push(("Expand Shape", "object.expandShape"));
+        actions.push((tl!("Expand Shape"), "object.expandShape"));
     }
     if multi_color(app, ui.ctx()) {
-        actions.push(("Recolor", "ui.recolorDialog"));
+        actions.push((tl!("Recolor"), "ui.recolorDialog"));
     }
-    actions.push(("Offset Path", "object.path.offsetPath"));
-    actions.push(("Simplify", "object.path.simplify"));
-    actions.push(("Arrange: Bring to Front", "object.arrange.bringToFront"));
-    actions.push(("Lock", "object.lock"));
+    actions.push((tl!("Offset Path"), "object.path.offsetPath"));
+    actions.push((tl!("Simplify"), "object.path.simplify"));
+    actions.push((tl!("Arrange: Bring to Front"), "object.arrange.bringToFront"));
+    actions.push((tl!("Lock"), "object.lock"));
     let w = (ui.available_width() - 6.0) / 2.0;
     for pair in actions.chunks(2) {
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ fn image_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let Some(i) = crate::place::selected_image_info(app) else { return };
     let (name, details) = crate::place::image_summary(i);
     let (Some(id), linked) = (i["id"].as_u64(), i["linked"] == true) else { return };
-    section_header(ui, if linked { "Linked File" } else { "Embedded Image" });
+    section_header(ui, if linked { tl!("Linked File") } else { tl!("Embedded Image") });
     ui.add(egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(&name).size(12.0).color(t.text_strong)).truncate());
     dim_label(ui, &details);
     ui.add_space(4.0);
@@ -128,26 +128,26 @@ fn image_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let links = crate::panels::links::ID;
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         if linked {
-            if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Embed", w).clicked() {
+            if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Embed"), w).clicked() {
                 app.run("links.embed", json!({ "ids": [id] })).ok();
             }
-            if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Edit Original", w).clicked() {
+            if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Edit Original"), w).clicked() {
                 crate::menus::invoke(app, "links.editOriginal", json!({ "id": id }));
             }
         } else {
-            if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Unembed…", w).clicked() {
+            if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Unembed…"), w).clicked() {
                 crate::panels::links::unembed(app, id, &name);
             }
-            if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Image Trace", w).clicked() {
+            if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Image Trace"), w).clicked() {
                 app.ui.open_panel = Some("imageTrace".into());
             }
         }
     });
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        if app.services.pick_open.is_some() && widgets::flat_button(ui, "Relink…", w).clicked() {
+        if app.services.pick_open.is_some() && widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Relink…"), w).clicked() {
             crate::panels::links::relink(app, vec![id]);
         }
-        if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Links", w).clicked() {
+        if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Links"), w).clicked() {
             app.ui.open_panel = Some(links.into());
         }
     });
@@ -171,9 +171,9 @@ fn multi_color(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) -> bool {
 
 fn document_sections(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let units = app.session.general_unit();
-    section_header(ui, "Document");
+    section_header(ui, tl!("Document"));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        dim_label(ui, "Units");
+        dim_label(ui, tl!("Units"));
         let labels: Vec<&str> = Unit::ALL.iter().map(|u| u.label()).collect();
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "units", units.label(), &labels, 140.0) {
             app.run("document.setUnits", json!({"units": labels[i]})).ok();
@@ -181,69 +181,69 @@ fn document_sections(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     });
     let w = (ui.available_width() - 6.0) / 2.0;
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Document Setup", w).clicked() {
+        if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Document Setup"), w).clicked() {
             app.run("file.documentSetup", json!({})).ok();
         }
-        if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Edit Artboards", w).clicked() {
+        if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Edit Artboards"), w).clicked() {
             app.select_tool("artboard");
         }
     });
     divider(ui);
-    section_header(ui, "Rulers & Grids");
+    section_header(ui, tl!("Rulers & Grids"));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         let v = app.ui.view.clone();
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "ruler", "Show Rulers (⌘R)", v.rulers, 26.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "ruler", tl!("Show Rulers (⌘R)"), v.rulers, 26.0).clicked() {
             app.run("view.rulers", json!({})).ok();
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "grid-3x3", "Show Grid (⌘')", v.grid, 26.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "grid-3x3", tl!("Show Grid (⌘')"), v.grid, 26.0).clicked() {
             app.run("view.grid", json!({})).ok();
         }
         let transparency_grid = app.session.active().is_some_and(|d| d.transparency_grid);
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "square-dashed", "Show Transparency Grid", transparency_grid, 26.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "square-dashed", tl!("Show Transparency Grid"), transparency_grid, 26.0).clicked() {
             app.run("view.transparencyGrid", json!({})).ok();
         }
     });
     divider(ui);
-    section_header(ui, "Guides");
+    section_header(ui, tl!("Guides"));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         let v = app.ui.view.clone();
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "layout-grid", "Show Guides", v.guides, 26.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "layout-grid", tl!("Show Guides"), v.guides, 26.0).clicked() {
             app.run("view.guides", json!({})).ok();
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "sparkles", "Smart Guides (⌘U)", v.smart_guides, 26.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "sparkles", tl!("Smart Guides (⌘U)"), v.smart_guides, 26.0).clicked() {
             app.run("view.smartGuides", json!({})).ok();
         }
     });
     divider(ui);
-    section_header(ui, "Snap Options");
+    section_header(ui, tl!("Snap Options"));
     let mut sp = app.ui.view.snap_to_point;
-    if ui.checkbox(&mut sp, "Snap to Point").changed() {
+    if ui.checkbox(&mut sp, tl!("Snap to Point")).changed() {
         app.ui.view.snap_to_point = sp;
     }
     let mut sg = app.ui.view.snap_to_grid;
-    if ui.checkbox(&mut sg, "Snap to Grid").changed() {
+    if ui.checkbox(&mut sg, tl!("Snap to Grid")).changed() {
         app.ui.view.snap_to_grid = sg;
     }
     divider(ui);
-    section_header(ui, "Preferences");
+    section_header(ui, tl!("Preferences"));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        dim_label(ui, "Keyboard Increment");
+        dim_label(ui, tl!("Keyboard Increment"));
         if let Some(v) = widgets::num_field(ui, "kbinc", Some(app.session.prefs.keyboard_increment), units, 80.0) {
             app.session.prefs.keyboard_increment = v.max(0.001);
         }
     });
     let mut ss = app.session.prefs.scale_strokes;
-    if ui.checkbox(&mut ss, "Scale Strokes & Effects").changed() {
+    if ui.checkbox(&mut ss, tl!("Scale Strokes & Effects")).changed() {
         super::transform::set_pref(app, "scaleStrokes", ss);
     }
     divider(ui);
-    section_header(ui, "Quick Actions");
+    section_header(ui, tl!("Quick Actions"));
     let w = (ui.available_width() - 6.0) / 2.0;
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Document Setup", w).clicked() {
+        if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Document Setup"), w).clicked() {
             app.run("file.documentSetup", json!({})).ok();
         }
-        if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Preferences", w).clicked() {
+        if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Preferences"), w).clicked() {
             app.run("edit.preferences", json!({})).ok();
         }
     });
@@ -256,13 +256,13 @@ pub fn transform_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let units = app.session.general_unit();
     // The bounding box, rotated with rotated objects (as in the Transform panel).
     let Some(bx) = app.selection_box() else {
-        dim_label(ui, "No Selection");
+        dim_label(ui, tl!("No Selection"));
         return;
     };
     let b = bx.rect;
     let refi: usize = ui.data(|d| d.get_temp(egui::Id::new("refpt"))).unwrap_or(4);
     let rp = bx.reference_point(refi);
-    section_header(ui, "Transform");
+    section_header(ui, tl!("Transform"));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         if let Some(i) = widgets::reference_point(ui, refi) {
             ui.data_mut(|d| d.insert_temp(egui::Id::new("refpt"), i));
@@ -300,10 +300,10 @@ pub fn transform_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             app.run("object.rotate", json!({"angle": a, "absolute": true})).ok();
         }
         ui.add_space(10.0);
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "flip-horizontal-2", "Flip Along Horizontal Axis", false, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "flip-horizontal-2", tl!("Flip Along Horizontal Axis"), false, 24.0).clicked() {
             app.run("object.reflect", json!({"axis": "vertical"})).ok();
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "flip-vertical-2", "Flip Along Vertical Axis", false, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "flip-vertical-2", tl!("Flip Along Vertical Axis"), false, 24.0).clicked() {
             app.run("object.reflect", json!({"axis": "horizontal"})).ok();
         }
     });
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ pub fn transform_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         match live {
             vectorcraft_doc::LiveShape::Rectangle { radii, .. } => {
                 ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    dim_label(ui, "Corner Radius:");
+                    dim_label(ui, tl!("Corner Radius:"));
                     if let Some(r) = widgets::num_field(ui, "radius", Some(radii[0]), units, 80.0) {
                         app.run("object.setLiveShape", json!({"radius": r})).ok();
                     }
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ pub fn transform_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             }
             vectorcraft_doc::LiveShape::Polygon { sides, .. } => {
                 ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    dim_label(ui, "Sides:");
+                    dim_label(ui, tl!("Sides:"));
                     if let Some(s) = widgets::plain_field(ui, "sides", *sides as f64, "", 0, 60.0) {
                         app.run("object.setLiveShape", json!({"sides": s as u32})).ok();
                     }
@@ -335,9 +335,9 @@ pub fn transform_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 
 fn appearance_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let Some(n) = first_selected(app) else { return };
-    section_header(ui, "Appearance");
+    section_header(ui, tl!("Appearance"));
     let weight = super::stroke::shown_weight(app, super::current_stroke(app).as_ref(), &super::stroke_mixed(app, ui.ctx()));
-    for (label, is_fill) in [("Fill", true), ("Stroke", false)] {
+    for (label, is_fill) in [(tl!("Fill"), true), (tl!("Stroke"), false)] {
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
             super::paint_chip(app, ui, !is_fill, 22.0, false);
             ui.label(egui::RichText::new(label).size(12.0));
@@ -346,26 +346,26 @@ fn appearance_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                 if let Some(w) = widgets::num_field(ui, "ap-w", weight, app.session.stroke_unit(), 70.0) {
                     app.run("stroke.set", json!({"weight": w})).ok();
                 }
-                let more = widgets::icon_button(ui, "ellipsis", "Stroke options", false, 22.0);
+                let more = widgets::icon_button(ui, "ellipsis", tl!("Stroke options"), false, 22.0);
                 super::stroke::popover(app, &more);
             }
         });
     }
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Opacity").size(12.0));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Opacity")).size(12.0));
         ui.add_space(8.0);
         if let Some(o) = widgets::plain_field(ui, "ap-op", n.opacity as f64 * 100.0, "%", 0, 64.0) {
             app.run("object.setProps", json!({"opacity": o.clamp(0.0, 100.0)})).ok();
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "ellipsis", "Transparency", false, 22.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "ellipsis", tl!("Transparency"), false, 22.0).clicked() {
             app.ui.open_panel = Some("transparency".into());
         }
     });
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         // The fx button opens the effect menu, as the Appearance panel's does.
-        let r = widgets::flat_button(ui, "fx", 34.0).on_hover_text("Add New Effect");
+        let r = widgets::flat_button(ui, "fx", 34.0).on_hover_text(tl!("Add New Effect"));
         egui::Popup::menu(&r).show(|ui| super::appearance::fx_menu(app, ui));
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "ellipsis", "Appearance panel", false, 22.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "ellipsis", tl!("Appearance panel"), false, 22.0).clicked() {
             app.ui.open_panel = Some("appearance".into());
         }
     });
@@ -373,36 +373,36 @@ fn appearance_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 
 pub fn type_sections(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let Some(n) = first_selected(app) else {
-        dim_label(ui, "Select a text object");
+        dim_label(ui, tl!("Select a text object"));
         return;
     };
     let NodeKind::Text(tx) = &n.kind else {
-        dim_label(ui, "Select a text object");
+        dim_label(ui, tl!("Select a text object"));
         return;
     };
     let s = tx.first_style();
-    section_header(ui, "Character");
+    section_header(ui, tl!("Character"));
     if let Some(f) = widgets::font_dropdown(ui, "font", &s.font_family, ui.available_width() - 4.0) {
         app.run("text.setStyle", json!({ "font": f })).ok();
     }
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        dim_label(ui, "Size");
+        dim_label(ui, tl!("Size"));
         let type_unit = app.session.type_unit();
         if let Some(v) = widgets::num_field(ui, "fsize", Some(s.size), type_unit, 70.0) {
             app.run("text.setStyle", json!({"size": v})).ok();
         }
-        dim_label(ui, "Leading");
+        dim_label(ui, tl!("Leading"));
         if let Some(v) = widgets::num_field(ui, "lead", Some(s.effective_leading()), type_unit, 70.0) {
             app.run("text.setStyle", json!({"leading": v})).ok();
         }
     });
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        dim_label(ui, "Tracking");
+        dim_label(ui, tl!("Tracking"));
         if let Some(v) = widgets::plain_field(ui, "track", s.tracking, "", 0, 60.0) {
             app.run("text.setStyle", json!({"tracking": v})).ok();
         }
     });
-    section_header(ui, "Paragraph");
+    section_header(ui, tl!("Paragraph"));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         for (icon, j) in [("align-start-vertical", "left"), ("align-center-vertical", "center"), ("align-end-vertical", "right")] {
             if widgets::icon_button(ui, icon, j, false, 24.0).clicked() {
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/separations.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/separations.rs
index d7d484df8..39c80ea2d 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/separations.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/separations.rs
@@ -31,11 +31,11 @@ fn plates_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let v = proof::view();
     let on = v.separations.is_some();
-    if widgets::check(ui, "Overprint Preview (separations)", on, app.session.active().is_some()) {
+    if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Overprint Preview (separations)"), on, app.session.active().is_some()) {
         run(app, "view.separationsPreview", json!({"on": !on}));
     }
     let Some(doc) = app.session.active().map(|d| d.doc.clone()) else {
-        dim_label(ui, "No document open.");
+        dim_label(ui, tl!("No document open."));
         return;
     };
     let plates = proof::plates(&doc);
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ fn plates_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         // CMYK composite row.
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
             ui.add_enabled_ui(on, |ui| {
-                if widgets::toggle_icon(ui, "eye", all_on, 18.0, "Show all plates") && on {
+                if widgets::toggle_icon(ui, "eye", all_on, 18.0, tl!("Show all plates")) && on {
                     run(app, "view.separationsPreview", json!({"plates": plates.iter().map(|p| p.name.clone()).collect::<Vec<_>>()}));
                 }
             });
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ fn plates_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                 let vis = visible(&p.name);
                 let mut clicked = false;
                 ui.add_enabled_ui(on, |ui| {
-                    clicked = widgets::toggle_icon(ui, "eye", vis, 18.0, "Show/hide plate (Alt-click: only this plate)");
+                    clicked = widgets::toggle_icon(ui, "eye", vis, 18.0, tl!("Show/hide plate (Alt-click: only this plate)"));
                 });
                 if clicked && on {
                     let key = if alt { "only" } else { "toggle" };
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ fn plates_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                 let (r, _) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(14.0, 14.0), Sense::hover());
                 let q = |x: f32| (x.clamp(0.0, 1.0) * 255.0).round() as u8;
                 ui.painter().rect_filled(r, 2.0, egui::Color32::from_rgb(q(p.rgb[0]), q(p.rgb[1]), q(p.rgb[2])));
-                let label = if p.spot { format!("{} (spot)", p.name) } else { p.name.clone() };
+                let label = if p.spot { crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("{name} (spot)"), &[("name", &p.name)]) } else { p.name.clone() };
                 ui.label(egui::RichText::new(label).size(12.0).color(if on { t.text } else { t.text_dim }));
             });
         }
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ fn profile_dropdown(ui: &mut Ui, id: &str, current: &str, kind: ProfileKind, ext
 
 fn settings_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let st = cms::active_settings();
-    widgets::section_header(ui, "Color Settings");
+    widgets::section_header(ui, tl!("Color Settings"));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.label("RGB:");
         if let Some(n) = profile_dropdown(ui, "cms-rgb", &st.rgb, ProfileKind::Rgb, None) {
@@ -96,17 +96,17 @@ fn settings_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         }
     });
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        ui.label("Intent:");
+        ui.label(tl!("Intent:"));
         let labels: Vec<&str> = Intent::ALL.iter().map(|i| i.label()).collect();
         if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "cms-intent", st.intent.label(), &labels, 170.0) {
             run(app, "edit.colorSettings", json!({"intent": Intent::ALL[i].id()}));
         }
     });
-    if widgets::check(ui, "Use Black Point Compensation", st.bpc, true) {
+    if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Use Black Point Compensation"), st.bpc, true) {
         run(app, "edit.colorSettings", json!({"bpc": !st.bpc}));
     }
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Load Profile…", 110.0).clicked()
+        if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Load Profile…"), 110.0).clicked()
             && let Some(path) = app
                 .services
                 .pick_open
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ fn settings_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         {
             run(app, "color.loadProfile", json!({ "path": path }));
         }
-        if widgets::flat_button(ui, "Gamut Check", 100.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Gamut Check"), 100.0).clicked() {
             match app.run("color.gamutCheck", json!({})) {
                 Ok(r) => {
                     let n = r["outOfGamut"].as_array().map_or(0, Vec::len);
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ fn settings_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         let (_, cmyk) = vectorcraft_engine::cmd::colormgmt::doc_profiles(&d.doc);
         const WORKING: &str = "Working CMYK (don't tag)";
         ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-            ui.label("Assign:");
+            ui.label(tl!("Assign:"));
             if let Some(n) = profile_dropdown(ui, "cms-assign", cmyk.as_deref().unwrap_or(WORKING), ProfileKind::Cmyk, Some(WORKING)) {
                 let v = if n == WORKING { Value::Null } else { Value::String(n) };
                 run(app, "edit.assignProfile", json!({ "cmyk": v }));
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ fn settings_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 
 fn proof_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let v = proof::view();
-    widgets::section_header(ui, "Proof Setup");
+    widgets::section_header(ui, tl!("Proof Setup"));
     let cur = v.setup.target.id();
     let label = PROOF_TARGETS.iter().find(|(id, _)| *id == cur).map_or(cur.as_str(), |(_, l)| l);
     let labels: Vec<&str> = PROOF_TARGETS.iter().map(|(_, l)| *l).collect();
@@ -149,14 +149,14 @@ fn proof_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         run(app, "view.proofSetup", json!({"target": PROOF_TARGETS[i].0}));
     }
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        if widgets::check(ui, "Proof Colors", v.proof_colors, true) {
+        if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Proof Colors"), v.proof_colors, true) {
             run(app, "view.proofColors", json!({"on": !v.proof_colors}));
         }
-        if widgets::check(ui, "Simulate Paper", v.setup.simulate_paper, v.setup.target.is_cmyk()) {
+        if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Simulate Paper"), v.setup.simulate_paper, v.setup.target.is_cmyk()) {
             run(app, "view.proofSetup", json!({"simulatePaper": !v.setup.simulate_paper}));
         }
     });
-    if widgets::check(ui, "Overprint Preview", v.overprint, true) {
+    if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Overprint Preview"), v.overprint, true) {
         run(app, "view.overprintPreview", json!({"on": !v.overprint}));
     }
 }
@@ -171,13 +171,13 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let v = proof::view();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Overprint Preview", true, v.overprint) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Overprint Preview"), true, v.overprint) {
         run(app, "view.overprintPreview", json!({}));
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Proof Colors", true, v.proof_colors) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Proof Colors"), true, v.proof_colors) {
         run(app, "view.proofColors", json!({}));
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Show All Plates", v.separations.is_some(), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Show All Plates"), v.separations.is_some(), false) {
         run(app, "view.separationsPreview", json!({"on": false}));
         run(app, "view.separationsPreview", json!({"on": true}));
     }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/stroke.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/stroke.rs
index fcfa29e3b..63e887fba 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/stroke.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/stroke.rs
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         ui.add_sized(vec2(label_w, 24.0), egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(s).size(12.5).color(t.text)).halign(egui::Align::RIGHT));
     };
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        row_label(ui, "Weight:");
+        row_label(ui, tl!("Weight:"));
         weight_field(app, ui, "stroke-weight", weight, 120.0);
     });
     if hidden {
@@ -124,11 +124,11 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let join = st.as_ref().map(|s| s.join).filter(|_| !mixed.join);
     let align = st.as_ref().map(|s| s.align).filter(|_| !mixed.align);
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        row_label(ui, "Cap:");
+        row_label(ui, tl!("Cap:"));
         for (v, icon, tip, name) in [
-            (LineCap::Butt, "dc-cap-butt", "Butt Cap", "butt"),
-            (LineCap::Round, "dc-cap-round", "Round Cap", "round"),
-            (LineCap::Square, "dc-cap-square", "Projecting Cap", "square"),
+            (LineCap::Butt, "dc-cap-butt", tl!("Butt Cap"), "butt"),
+            (LineCap::Round, "dc-cap-round", tl!("Round Cap"), "round"),
+            (LineCap::Square, "dc-cap-square", tl!("Projecting Cap"), "square"),
         ] {
             if widgets::icon_button(ui, icon, tip, cap == Some(v), 24.0).clicked() {
                 set(app, json!({"cap": name}));
@@ -136,17 +136,17 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         }
     });
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        row_label(ui, "Corner:");
+        row_label(ui, tl!("Corner:"));
         for (v, icon, tip, name) in [
-            (LineJoin::Miter, "dc-join-miter", "Miter Join", "miter"),
-            (LineJoin::Round, "dc-join-round", "Round Join", "round"),
-            (LineJoin::Bevel, "dc-join-bevel", "Bevel Join", "bevel"),
+            (LineJoin::Miter, "dc-join-miter", tl!("Miter Join"), "miter"),
+            (LineJoin::Round, "dc-join-round", tl!("Round Join"), "round"),
+            (LineJoin::Bevel, "dc-join-bevel", tl!("Bevel Join"), "bevel"),
         ] {
             if widgets::icon_button(ui, icon, tip, join == Some(v), 24.0).clicked() {
                 set(app, json!({"join": name}));
             }
         }
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "Limit:");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Limit:"));
         let lim = st.as_ref().map(|s| s.miter_limit).unwrap_or(10.0);
         if !matches!(join, Some(LineJoin::Round | LineJoin::Bevel)) {
             if let Some(v) = widgets::mixed_field(ui, "stroke-limit", (!mixed.miter_limit).then_some(lim), " x", 0, 50.0) {
@@ -157,11 +157,11 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         }
     });
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        row_label(ui, "Align Stroke:");
+        row_label(ui, tl!("Align Stroke:"));
         for (v, icon, tip, name) in [
-            (StrokeAlign::Center, "dc-stroke-center", "Align Stroke to Center", "center"),
-            (StrokeAlign::Inside, "dc-stroke-inside", "Align Stroke to Inside", "inside"),
-            (StrokeAlign::Outside, "dc-stroke-outside", "Align Stroke to Outside", "outside"),
+            (StrokeAlign::Center, "dc-stroke-center", tl!("Align Stroke to Center"), "center"),
+            (StrokeAlign::Inside, "dc-stroke-inside", tl!("Align Stroke to Inside"), "inside"),
+            (StrokeAlign::Outside, "dc-stroke-outside", tl!("Align Stroke to Outside"), "outside"),
         ] {
             // Only closed paths take a stroke inside or outside (not open paths, not type).
             let enabled = v == StrokeAlign::Center || mixed.can_align;
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let (fields, align_corners) = dash_state(dash, pstate(ui.ctx(), "stroke-dash-last"));
     let shown = if mixed.dash { [None; 6] } else { fields };
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        if widgets::check(ui, "Dashed Line", dash.is_some(), st.is_some()) {
+        if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Dashed Line"), dash.is_some(), st.is_some()) {
             if dash.is_some() {
                 set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "stroke-dash-last", Some((fields, align_corners)));
                 set(app, json!({"dash": null}));
@@ -186,10 +186,10 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         }
         ui.add_space((ui.available_width() - 56.0).max(0.0));
         let on = dash.is_some();
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-dash-exact", "Exact dash lengths", on && !align_corners, on, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-dash-exact", tl!("Exact dash lengths"), on && !align_corners, on, 24.0).clicked() {
             set(app, json!({"alignDashes": false}));
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-dash-align", "Fit dashes to corners and ends", on && align_corners, on, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-dash-align", tl!("Fit dashes to corners and ends"), on && align_corners, on, 24.0).clicked() {
             set(app, json!({"alignDashes": true}));
         }
     });
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.x = 3.0;
         let fw = ((ui.available_width() - 15.0) / 6.0).clamp(28.0, 40.0);
-        for lbl in ["dash", "gap", "dash", "gap", "dash", "gap"] {
+        for lbl in [tl!("dash"), tl!("gap"), tl!("dash"), tl!("gap"), tl!("dash"), tl!("gap")] {
             ui.add_sized(vec2(fw, 12.0), egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(lbl).size(10.5).color(t.text_dim)));
         }
     });
@@ -221,14 +221,14 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     // Arrowheads.
     let (sa, ea) = (st.as_ref().and_then(|s| s.start_arrow), st.as_ref().and_then(|s| s.end_arrow));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        row_label(ui, "Arrowheads:");
+        row_label(ui, tl!("Arrowheads:"));
         if let Some(a) = arrow_dropdown(ui, "arrow-start", sa, true) {
             set(app, json!({"startArrow": a.map(|a| format!("{a:?}"))}));
         }
         if let Some(a) = arrow_dropdown(ui, "arrow-end", ea, false) {
             set(app, json!({"endArrow": a.map(|a| format!("{a:?}"))}));
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "arrow-left-right", "Swap start and end arrowheads", false, st.is_some(), 22.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "arrow-left-right", tl!("Swap start and end arrowheads"), false, st.is_some(), 22.0).clicked() {
             app.run("stroke.setAdvanced", json!({"swapArrows": true})).ok();
         }
     });
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     // Scale and Align only mean something for a stroke with a head.
     let (arrow_align, has_head) = arrow_align_state(st.as_ref());
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        row_label(ui, "Scale:");
+        row_label(ui, tl!("Scale:"));
         let mut ns = None;
         ui.add_enabled_ui(has_head, |ui| {
             if let Some(v) = widgets::plain_field(ui, "arrow-scale-s", scale.0, "%", 0, 56.0) {
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                 ns = Some((if linked { v } else { scale.0 }, v));
             }
         });
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, if linked { "link" } else { "link-2-off" }, "Link start and end arrowhead scales", linked, 22.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, if linked { "link" } else { "link-2-off" }, tl!("Link start and end arrowhead scales"), linked, 22.0).clicked() {
             set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "arrow-scale-link", !linked);
         }
         if let Some((a, b)) = ns {
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         }
     });
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        row_label(ui, "Align:");
+        row_label(ui, tl!("Align:"));
         for (v, name, icon, tip) in ARROW_ALIGN {
             if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, icon, tip, arrow_align == v, has_head, 22.0).clicked() {
                 set(app, json!({"arrowAlign": name}));
@@ -265,15 +265,15 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     widgets::divider(ui);
     // Profile.
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        row_label(ui, "Profile:");
+        row_label(ui, tl!("Profile:"));
         if let Some(id) = profile_dropdown(app, ui, st.as_ref().and_then(|s| s.profile.as_ref())) {
             set(app, json!({"profile": id}));
         }
         let can_flip = st.as_ref().is_some_and(|s| s.profile.is_some());
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "flip-horizontal-2", "Flip Along", false, can_flip, 22.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "flip-horizontal-2", tl!("Flip Along"), false, can_flip, 22.0).clicked() {
             app.run("stroke.setAdvanced", json!({"flipProfile": "along"})).ok();
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "flip-vertical-2", "Flip Across", false, can_flip, 22.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "flip-vertical-2", tl!("Flip Across"), false, can_flip, 22.0).clicked() {
             app.run("stroke.setAdvanced", json!({"flipProfile": "across"})).ok();
         }
     });
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ fn arrow_dropdown(ui: &mut Ui, id: &str, cur: Option<Arrowhead>, start: bool) ->
     let body = Rect::from_min_max(r.min + vec2(3.0, 0.0), pos2(r.right() - 16.0, r.bottom()));
     paint_arrow(ui, body, cur, start, t.text_strong);
     icons::paint(ui, "chevron-down", Rect::from_center_size(pos2(r.right() - 8.0, r.center().y), vec2(10.0, 10.0)), t.icon);
-    let resp = resp.on_hover_text(if start { "Start arrowhead" } else { "End arrowhead" });
+    let resp = resp.on_hover_text(if start { tl!("Start arrowhead") } else { tl!("End arrowhead") });
     let mut out = None;
     egui::Popup::menu(&resp).id(egui::Id::new(("arrow-pop", id))).show(|ui| {
         ui.set_min_width(170.0);
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ fn arrow_dropdown(ui: &mut Ui, id: &str, cur: Option<Arrowhead>, start: bool) ->
                 ui.painter().text(
                     row.left_center() + vec2(66.0, 0.0),
                     egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
-                    arrow_label(a),
+                    tl!(arrow_label(a)),
                     egui::FontId::proportional(11.5),
                     t.text,
                 );
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ pub(crate) fn profile_dropdown(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, cur: Option<&W
     let body = Rect::from_min_max(r.min + vec2(6.0, 5.0), pos2(r.right() - 20.0, r.bottom() - 5.0));
     paint_profile(ui, body, cur.and_then(|p| silhouette(&p.points)), t.text_strong);
     icons::paint(ui, "chevron-down", Rect::from_center_size(pos2(r.right() - 9.0, r.center().y), vec2(10.0, 10.0)), t.icon);
-    let resp = resp.on_hover_text("Variable Width Profile");
+    let resp = resp.on_hover_text(tl!("Variable Width Profile"));
     let mut out = None;
     egui::Popup::menu(&resp).show(|ui| {
         egui::ScrollArea::vertical().max_height(360.0).show(ui, |ui| {
@@ -402,7 +402,13 @@ pub(crate) fn profile_dropdown(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, cur: Option<&W
                     ui.painter().rect_filled(row, 0.0, t.hover);
                 }
                 paint_profile(ui, Rect::from_min_size(row.min + vec2(6.0, 6.0), vec2(70.0, 14.0)), silhouette(e.points), t.text_strong);
-                ui.painter().text(row.left_center() + vec2(84.0, 0.0), egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER, e.label, egui::FontId::proportional(11.5), t.text);
+                ui.painter().text(
+                    row.left_center() + vec2(84.0, 0.0),
+                    egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
+                    tl!(e.label),
+                    egui::FontId::proportional(11.5),
+                    t.text,
+                );
                 if rr.clicked() {
                     out = Some(e.id.to_string());
                     ui.close();
@@ -415,11 +421,11 @@ pub(crate) fn profile_dropdown(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, cur: Option<&W
 
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let hidden: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), "stroke-hide-options");
-    if menu_item(ui, if hidden { "Show Options" } else { "Hide Options" }, true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, if hidden { tl!("Show Options") } else { tl!("Hide Options") }, true, false) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "stroke-hide-options", !hidden);
     }
     ui.separator();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Add to Profiles…", crate::menus::enabled(app, "stroke.widthProfile.add"), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Add to Profiles…"), crate::menus::enabled(app, "stroke.widthProfile.add"), false) {
         let name = app.session.next_profile_name();
         let p = json!({"command": "stroke.widthProfile.add", "label": "Variable Width Profile", "params": {"name": name}});
         app.run("ui.paramDialog", p).ok();
@@ -427,10 +433,10 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     // Deletes the selected stroke's saved profile.
     let shown = current_stroke(app).and_then(|s| s.profile);
     let saved = shown.as_ref().and_then(|p| app.session.profile_entry(Some(p))).is_some_and(|e| !e.built_in);
-    if menu_item(ui, "Delete Profile", saved, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Delete Profile"), saved, false) {
         app.run("stroke.widthProfile.delete", json!({})).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Reset Profiles", crate::menus::enabled(app, "stroke.widthProfile.reset"), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Reset Profiles"), crate::menus::enabled(app, "stroke.widthProfile.reset"), false) {
         app.run("stroke.widthProfile.reset", json!({})).ok();
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/swatches.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/swatches.rs
index 9d74e8afe..3af7cb0ae 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/swatches.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/swatches.rs
@@ -234,17 +234,17 @@ pub(crate) fn describe(paint: &Paint, global: bool, spot: bool) -> String {
     match paint {
         Paint::Solid { color, .. } => {
             let kind = if spot {
-                "Spot Color"
+                tl!("Spot Color")
             } else if global {
-                "Global Process Color"
+                tl!("Global Process Color")
             } else {
-                "Process Color"
+                tl!("Process Color")
             };
-            format!("{kind}, {}", color.model_name())
+            crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("{kind}, {model}"), &[("kind", kind), ("model", color.model_name())])
         }
-        Paint::Gradient(g) => format!("{} Gradient", g.gradient.kind.label()),
-        Paint::Pattern { .. } => "Pattern".into(),
-        Paint::None => "None".into(),
+        Paint::Gradient(g) => crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("{kind} Gradient"), &[("kind", tl!(g.gradient.kind.label()))]),
+        Paint::Pattern { .. } => tl!("Pattern").into(),
+        Paint::None => tl!("None").into(),
     }
 }
 
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ fn tile_input(ui: &Ui, resp: Response, e: &Entry, items: &[Entry], sel: &[String
     }
     tile_drop(ui, &resp, e, list, ev);
     let resp = match e {
-        Entry::Folder(n) => resp.on_hover_text(format!("Color Group: {n}")),
+        Entry::Folder(n) => resp.on_hover_text(crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Color Group: {name}"), &[("name", n)])),
         Entry::Swatch { paint, global, spot, .. } if list => resp.on_hover_ui(|ui| {
             ui.label(format!("{name} ({})", describe(paint, *global, *spot)));
         }),
@@ -614,7 +614,7 @@ const POPOVER_TILE: &str = "swatch-pop-tile";
 /// The panel's body; `salt` keys its tiles (see [`tile_id`]).
 fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, salt: &'static str) {
     if app.session.active().is_none() {
-        super::empty_state(ui, "swatch-book", "No document", "Open a document to see its swatches.");
+        super::empty_state(ui, "swatch-book", tl!("No document"), tl!("Open a document to see its swatches."));
         return;
     }
     let view: View = pstate(ui.ctx(), "swatch-view");
@@ -623,18 +623,18 @@ fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, salt: &'static str) {
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         super::proxy(app, ui, 34.0);
         ui.add_space(ui.available_width() - 58.0);
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-list-view", "Show List View", view.is_list(), 26.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-list-view", tl!("Show List View"), view.is_list(), 26.0).clicked() {
             set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "swatch-view", View::SmallList);
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-grid-view", "Show Thumbnail View", !view.is_list(), 26.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-grid-view", tl!("Show Thumbnail View"), !view.is_list(), 26.0).clicked() {
             set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "swatch-view", View::MediumThumb);
         }
     });
     ui.add_space(4.0);
     super::recent_colors_row(app, ui);
     widgets::divider(ui);
-    widgets::subheader(ui, "Swatch Tiles");
-    let query = if pstate(ui.ctx(), "swatch-show-find") { widgets::search_field(ui, find_id(), "Find") } else { String::new() };
+    widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Swatch Tiles"));
+    let query = if pstate(ui.ctx(), "swatch-show-find") { widgets::search_field(ui, find_id(), tl!("Find")) } else { String::new() };
     let items = entries(app, kind, &query);
     let active_swatch = active_swatch(app);
     let selected = selection(app, ui);
@@ -832,10 +832,10 @@ fn delete(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, names: Vec<String>, now: bool) {
         return;
     }
     let message = match names.as_slice() {
-        [n] => format!("Delete “{n}”?"),
-        _ => format!("Delete these {} swatches and groups?", names.len()),
+        [n] => crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Delete “{name}”?"), &[("name", n)]),
+        _ => crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Delete these {count} swatches and groups?"), &[("count", &names.len().to_string())]),
     };
-    crate::dialogs::confirm::ask(app, &message, "Art using a deleted global swatch keeps its colour.", "swatch.delete", params);
+    crate::dialogs::confirm::ask(app, &message, tl!("Art using a deleted global swatch keeps its colour."), "swatch.delete", params);
 }
 
 fn bottom(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, sel: &[String]) {
@@ -847,7 +847,7 @@ fn bottom(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, sel: &[String]) {
             ui.set_min_width(200.0);
             library_panel::library_menu::<SwatchLibraries>(app, ui);
         });
-        let kr = widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-swatch-kinds", "Show Swatch Kinds", kind != Kind::All, 24.0);
+        let kr = widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-swatch-kinds", tl!("Show Swatch Kinds"), kind != Kind::All, 24.0);
         egui::Popup::menu(&kr).show(|ui| {
             for (k, label) in Kind::ALL {
                 if menu_item(ui, label, true, k == kind) {
@@ -858,26 +858,26 @@ fn bottom(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, sel: &[String]) {
         // With a colour group selected the options button edits or applies the group.
         let opts = editable(app, sel);
         if let Some(g) = selected_group(app, sel).filter(|_| opts.is_none()) {
-            if widgets::icon_button(ui, "palette", "Edit or Apply Color Group", false, 24.0).clicked() {
+            if widgets::icon_button(ui, "palette", tl!("Edit or Apply Color Group"), false, 24.0).clicked() {
                 edit_group(app, &g);
             }
-        } else if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-options", "Swatch Options", false, opts.is_some(), 24.0).clicked()
+        } else if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-options", tl!("Swatch Options"), false, opts.is_some(), 24.0).clicked()
             && let Some(n) = opts
         {
             app.run("ui.swatchOptions", json!({"name": n})).ok();
         }
         ui.add_space((ui.available_width() - 3.0 * 28.0).max(0.0));
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-folder", "New Color Group", false, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-folder", tl!("New Color Group"), false, 24.0).clicked() {
             app.run("ui.newColorGroup", json!({"swatches": deletable(sel)})).ok();
         }
         // Alt-click skips the dialog; Ctrl/Cmd-click makes a spot colour.
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-new-item", "New Swatch", false, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-new-item", tl!("New Swatch"), false, 24.0).clicked() {
             let m = ui.input(|i| i.modifiers);
             new_swatch(app, sel, m.command, m.alt);
         }
         // Alt-click deletes without asking.
         let del = deletable(sel);
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", "Delete Swatch", false, !del.is_empty(), 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", tl!("Delete Swatch"), false, !del.is_empty(), 24.0).clicked() {
             delete(app, del, ui.input(|i| i.modifiers.alt));
         }
     });
@@ -911,50 +911,50 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let selected = selection(app, ui);
     let del = deletable(&selected);
     let opts = editable(app, &selected);
-    if menu_item(ui, "New Swatch…", true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("New Swatch…"), true, false) {
         new_swatch(app, &selected, false, false);
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "New Color Group…", true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("New Color Group…"), true, false) {
         app.run("ui.newColorGroup", json!({"swatches": del})).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Duplicate Swatch", opts.is_some(), false)
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Duplicate Swatch"), opts.is_some(), false)
         && let Some(n) = &opts
     {
         app.run("swatch.duplicate", json!({"name": n})).ok();
     }
     // The first selected colour is kept.
     let merge = mergeable(app, &selected);
-    if menu_item(ui, "Merge Swatches", merge.len() > 1, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Merge Swatches"), merge.len() > 1, false) {
         app.run("swatch.merge", json!({ "names": merge })).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Delete Swatch", !del.is_empty(), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Delete Swatch"), !del.is_empty(), false) {
         delete(app, del, false);
     }
     let group = selected_group(app, &selected);
-    if menu_item(ui, "Edit or Apply Color Group…", group.is_some(), false)
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Edit or Apply Color Group…"), group.is_some(), false)
         && let Some(g) = &group
     {
         edit_group(app, g);
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Ungroup Color Group", group.is_some(), false)
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Ungroup Color Group"), group.is_some(), false)
         && let Some(g) = group
     {
         app.run("swatch.ungroup", json!({ "name": g })).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Select All Unused", true, false)
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Select All Unused"), true, false)
         && let Ok(r) = app.run("swatch.unused", json!({}))
     {
         let names: Vec<String> = r["names"].as_array().into_iter().flatten().filter_map(Value::as_str).map(str::to_string).collect();
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "swatch-selected", names);
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Add Used Colors", true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Add Used Colors"), true, false) {
         app.run("swatch.addUsedColors", json!({})).ok();
     }
     ui.separator();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Sort by Name", true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Sort by Name"), true, false) {
         app.run("swatch.sortByName", json!({})).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Sort by Kind", true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Sort by Kind"), true, false) {
         app.run("swatch.sortByKind", json!({})).ok();
     }
     ui.separator();
@@ -965,21 +965,21 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     }
     ui.separator();
     let find: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), "swatch-show-find");
-    if menu_item(ui, "Show Find Field", true, find) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Show Find Field"), true, find) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "swatch-show-find", !find);
     }
     ui.separator();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Swatch Options…", opts.is_some(), false)
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Swatch Options…"), opts.is_some(), false)
         && let Some(n) = opts
     {
         app.run("ui.swatchOptions", json!({"name": n})).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Spot Colors…", app.session.active().is_some(), false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Spot Colors…"), app.session.active().is_some(), false) {
         app.run("ui.spotColors", json!({})).ok();
     }
     ui.separator();
-    ui.menu_button("Open Swatch Library", |ui| library_panel::library_menu::<SwatchLibraries>(app, ui));
-    if menu_item(ui, "Save Swatch Library…", true, false) {
+    ui.menu_button(tl!("Open Swatch Library"), |ui| library_panel::library_menu::<SwatchLibraries>(app, ui));
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Save Swatch Library…"), true, false) {
         app.run("ui.saveSwatchLibrary", json!({ "names": deletable(&selected) })).ok();
     }
 }
@@ -1071,19 +1071,19 @@ impl LibraryKind for SwatchLibraries {
         add_from_library(app, json!({"library": id, "names": names}));
     }
     fn menu_head(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
-        if menu_item(ui, "Default Swatches", app.session.active().is_some(), false) {
+        if menu_item(ui, tl!("Default Swatches"), app.session.active().is_some(), false) {
             app.run("swatch.resetDefaults", json!({})).ok();
         }
         ui.separator();
     }
     fn menu_tail(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         ui.separator();
-        if menu_item(ui, "Other Library…", true, false)
+        if menu_item(ui, tl!("Other Library…"), true, false)
             && let Err(e) = other_library(app, None)
         {
             app.status(e);
         }
-        if menu_item(ui, "Save Swatch Library…", app.session.active().is_some(), false) {
+        if menu_item(ui, tl!("Save Swatch Library…"), app.session.active().is_some(), false) {
             let names = deletable(&selection(app, ui));
             app.run("ui.saveSwatchLibrary", json!({ "names": names })).ok();
         }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/symbols.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/symbols.rs
index 486fb20e6..54dead932 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/symbols.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/symbols.rs
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         ui.set_min_height(110.0);
         ui.set_width(ui.available_width());
         if names.is_empty() {
-            super::empty_state(ui, "spray-can", "No symbols in this document", "Select art and click New Symbol to make one.");
+            super::empty_state(ui, "spray-can", tl!("No symbols in this document"), tl!("Select art and click New Symbol to make one."));
             return;
         }
         let paint_thumb = |ui: &Ui, r: egui::Rect, n: &str| {
@@ -133,18 +133,18 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let has_sel = app.session.active().is_some_and(|d| !d.selection.is_empty());
     let inst = has_instances_selected(app);
     widgets::bottom_bar(ui, |ui| {
-        widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "library", "Symbol Libraries (on the roadmap)", false, false, 24.0);
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-place-symbol", "Place Symbol Instance", false, sel.is_some(), 24.0).clicked() {
+        widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "library", tl!("Symbol Libraries (on the roadmap)"), false, false, 24.0);
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-place-symbol", tl!("Place Symbol Instance"), false, sel.is_some(), 24.0).clicked() {
             app.run("symbol.place", json!({})).ok();
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "link-2-off", "Break Link to Symbol", false, inst, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "link-2-off", tl!("Break Link to Symbol"), false, inst, 24.0).clicked() {
             app.run("symbol.breakLink", json!({})).ok();
         }
         ui.add_space((ui.available_width() - 2.0 * 28.0).max(0.0));
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-new-item", "New Symbol", false, has_sel, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-new-item", tl!("New Symbol"), false, has_sel, 24.0).clicked() {
             app.run("symbol.new", json!({})).ok();
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", "Delete Symbol", false, sel.is_some(), 24.0).clicked()
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", tl!("Delete Symbol"), false, sel.is_some(), 24.0).clicked()
             && let Some(n) = &sel
         {
             app.run("symbol.delete", json!({"name": n})).ok();
@@ -158,15 +158,15 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let inst = has_instances_selected(app);
     let name = json!({"name": sel});
     let items: [(&str, bool, &str, Value); 9] = [
-        ("New Symbol…", has_sel, "symbol.new", json!({})),
-        ("Redefine Symbol", has_sel && sel.is_some(), "symbol.update", name.clone()),
-        ("Duplicate Symbol", sel.is_some(), "symbol.duplicate", name.clone()),
-        ("Delete Symbol", sel.is_some(), "symbol.delete", name.clone()),
-        ("Edit Symbol", inst, "symbol.edit", json!({})),
-        ("Place Symbol Instance", sel.is_some(), "symbol.place", name.clone()),
-        ("Replace Symbol", inst && sel.is_some(), "symbol.replace", name.clone()),
-        ("Break Link to Symbol", inst, "symbol.breakLink", json!({})),
-        ("Select All Instances", sel.is_some(), "symbol.selectInstances", name),
+        (tl!("New Symbol…"), has_sel, "symbol.new", json!({})),
+        (tl!("Redefine Symbol"), has_sel && sel.is_some(), "symbol.update", name.clone()),
+        (tl!("Duplicate Symbol"), sel.is_some(), "symbol.duplicate", name.clone()),
+        (tl!("Delete Symbol"), sel.is_some(), "symbol.delete", name.clone()),
+        (tl!("Edit Symbol"), inst, "symbol.edit", json!({})),
+        (tl!("Place Symbol Instance"), sel.is_some(), "symbol.place", name.clone()),
+        (tl!("Replace Symbol"), inst && sel.is_some(), "symbol.replace", name.clone()),
+        (tl!("Break Link to Symbol"), inst, "symbol.breakLink", json!({})),
+        (tl!("Select All Instances"), sel.is_some(), "symbol.selectInstances", name),
     ];
     for (label, enabled, cmd, params) in items {
         if menu_item(ui, label, enabled, false) {
@@ -175,10 +175,10 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     }
     ui.separator();
     let list: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), "sym-list");
-    if menu_item(ui, "Thumbnail View", true, !list) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Thumbnail View"), true, !list) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "sym-list", false);
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "List View", true, list) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("List View"), true, list) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "sym-list", true);
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/tabs.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/tabs.rs
index 1f6d2aeb0..7a5e3809a 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/tabs.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/tabs.rs
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ fn apply(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, stops: &[TabStop]) {
 pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let Some((mut stops, span)) = current(app) else {
-        super::empty_state(ui, "pilcrow", "No text selected", "Select a text object to set its tab stops.");
+        super::empty_state(ui, "pilcrow", tl!("No text selected"), tl!("Select a text object to set its tab stops."));
         return;
     };
     let mut sel: usize = pstate(ui.ctx(), "tabs-sel");
@@ -70,7 +70,10 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.x = 3.0;
         for (i, (a, label, tip)) in ALIGNS.iter().enumerate() {
             let on = stops.get(sel).map_or(align_idx == i, |s| s.align == *a);
-            if ui.add(egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new(*label).size(13.0)).selected(on).min_size(vec2(28.0, 24.0))).on_hover_text(*tip).clicked()
+            if ui
+                .add(egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new(*label).size(13.0)).selected(on).min_size(vec2(28.0, 24.0)))
+                .on_hover_text(tl!(*tip))
+                .clicked()
             {
                 align_idx = i;
                 set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "tabs-align", i);
@@ -93,7 +96,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             apply(app, &stops);
         }
         ui.end_row();
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Leader:").color(t.text));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Leader:")).color(t.text));
         let mut leader = stops.get(sel).map(|s| s.leader.clone()).unwrap_or_default();
         if ui.add_enabled(stops.get(sel).is_some(), egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut leader).desired_width(90.0)).lost_focus()
             && let Some(s) = stops.get_mut(sel)
@@ -103,7 +106,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             apply(app, &stops);
         }
         ui.end_row();
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Align On:").color(t.text));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Align On:")).color(t.text));
         let decimal = stops.get(sel).is_some_and(|s| s.align == TabAlign::Decimal);
         let mut on = stops.get(sel).map(|s| s.align_on.to_string()).unwrap_or_else(|| ".".into());
         if ui.add_enabled(decimal, egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut on).desired_width(30.0)).lost_focus()
@@ -196,24 +199,24 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             }
         }
     }
-    resp.on_hover_text("Click to add a tab stop, drag to move it, drag it off the ruler to delete it");
+    resp.on_hover_text(tl!("Click to add a tab stop, drag to move it, drag it off the ruler to delete it"));
 }
 
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let Some((mut stops, _)) = current(app) else {
-        ui.add_enabled(false, egui::Button::new("Select text").frame(false));
+        ui.add_enabled(false, egui::Button::new(tl!("Select text")).frame(false));
         return;
     };
     let sel: usize = pstate(ui.ctx(), "tabs-sel");
-    if menu_item(ui, "Clear All Tabs", false, !stops.is_empty()) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Clear All Tabs"), false, !stops.is_empty()) {
         app.run("text.tabs.clear", json!({})).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Delete Tab", false, sel < stops.len()) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Delete Tab"), false, sel < stops.len()) {
         stops.remove(sel);
         apply(app, &stops);
     }
     // Repeat Tab: copies of the selected stop at its distance from the previous one, across the ruler.
-    if menu_item(ui, "Repeat Tab", false, sel < stops.len()) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Repeat Tab"), false, sel < stops.len()) {
         let prev = if sel == 0 { 0.0 } else { stops[sel - 1].position };
         let step = (stops[sel].position - prev).max(1.0);
         let base = stops[sel].clone();
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/text_styles.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/text_styles.rs
index 972987a2b..5f34153a9 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/text_styles.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/text_styles.rs
@@ -26,6 +26,10 @@ impl Kind {
     fn what(self) -> &'static str {
         if self == Kind::Char { "Character" } else { "Paragraph" }
     }
+    /// `what` in the UI language, for text shown to the user.
+    fn what_label(self) -> &'static str {
+        if self == Kind::Char { tl!("Character") } else { tl!("Paragraph") }
+    }
     fn key(self) -> &'static str {
         if self == Kind::Char { "char-style-sel" } else { "para-style-sel" }
     }
@@ -94,7 +98,9 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, kind: Kind) {
             } else if resp.hovered() {
                 ui.painter().rect_filled(r, 0.0, t.hover);
             }
-            let label = if overridden { format!("{name}+") } else { name.clone() };
+            // The built-in "[Normal … Style]" names are translated where painted; other names are user data.
+            let shown = if name.starts_with('[') && name.ends_with(']') { tl!(name) } else { name.as_str() };
+            let label = if overridden { format!("{shown}+") } else { shown.to_string() };
             ui.painter().text(r.left_center() + vec2(8.0, 0.0), egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER, label, egui::FontId::proportional(12.5), t.text);
             if resp.clicked() {
                 clicked = Some((name.clone(), ui.input(|i| i.modifiers.alt)));
@@ -113,12 +119,28 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, kind: Kind) {
     let deletable = sel.as_ref().is_some_and(|s| *s != normal);
     widgets::bottom_bar(ui, |ui| {
         ui.add_space((ui.available_width() - 2.0 * 28.0).max(0.0));
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "dc-new-item", &format!("Create New {} Style", kind.what()), false, true, 24.0).clicked()
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(
+            ui,
+            "dc-new-item",
+            &crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Create New {kind} Style"), &[("kind", kind.what_label())]),
+            false,
+            true,
+            24.0,
+        )
+        .clicked()
             && let Ok(r) = app.run(&format!("{}.new", kind.prefix()), target(app, kind, json!({})))
         {
             set_pstate(ui.ctx(), kind.key(), r["name"].as_str().map(str::to_string));
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "trash-2", &format!("Delete {} Style", kind.what()), false, deletable, 24.0).clicked()
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(
+            ui,
+            "trash-2",
+            &crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Delete {kind} Style"), &[("kind", kind.what_label())]),
+            false,
+            deletable,
+            24.0,
+        )
+        .clicked()
             && let Some(n) = &sel
             && app.run(&format!("{}.delete", kind.prefix()), json!({ "name": n })).is_ok()
         {
@@ -133,31 +155,31 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, kind: Kind) {
     let user = sel.as_ref().is_some_and(|s| s != normal);
     let has_text = current(app, kind).is_some() || selection_len(app) > 0;
     let p = kind.prefix();
-    if menu_item(ui, &format!("New {} Style…", kind.what()), true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, &crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("New {kind} Style…"), &[("kind", kind.what_label())]), true, false) {
         app.run(&format!("{p}.new"), target(app, kind, json!({}))).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, &format!("Duplicate {} Style", kind.what()), sel.is_some(), false)
+    if menu_item(ui, &crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Duplicate {kind} Style"), &[("kind", kind.what_label())]), sel.is_some(), false)
         && let Some(n) = &sel
     {
         app.run(&format!("{p}.duplicate"), json!({ "name": n })).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, &format!("Delete {} Style", kind.what()), user, false)
+    if menu_item(ui, &crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Delete {kind} Style"), &[("kind", kind.what_label())]), user, false)
         && let Some(n) = &sel
     {
         app.run(&format!("{p}.delete"), json!({ "name": n })).ok();
     }
     ui.separator();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Clear Overrides", sel.is_some() && has_text, false)
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Clear Overrides"), sel.is_some() && has_text, false)
         && let Some(n) = &sel
     {
         app.run(&format!("{p}.apply"), target(app, kind, json!({ "name": n, "clearOverrides": true }))).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, &format!("Redefine {} Style", kind.what()), sel.is_some() && has_text, false)
+    if menu_item(ui, &crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Redefine {kind} Style"), &[("kind", kind.what_label())]), sel.is_some() && has_text, false)
         && let Some(n) = &sel
     {
         app.run(&format!("{p}.redefine"), target(app, kind, json!({ "name": n }))).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, &format!("{} Style Options…", kind.what()), user, false)
+    if menu_item(ui, &crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("{kind} Style Options…"), &[("kind", kind.what_label())]), user, false)
         && let Some(n) = &sel
     {
         let label = format!("{} Style Options", kind.what());
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/transform.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/transform.rs
index 54c061d0e..0f366269f 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/transform.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/transform.rs
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ pub fn constrained(w: f64, h: f64, new_w: Option<f64>, new_h: Option<f64>) -> (f
 pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     if app.session.active().is_none() {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, "No document");
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("No document"));
         return;
     }
     let units = app.session.general_unit();
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let origin = rp.map(|p| json!([p.x, p.y]));
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.add_enabled_ui(has, |ui| {
-            icons::icon(ui, "rotate-ccw", 16.0, t.icon).on_hover_text("Rotate");
+            icons::icon(ui, "rotate-ccw", 16.0, t.icon).on_hover_text(tl!("Rotate"));
             // The bounding box's angle: a new value turns the selection to it.
             let angle = bx.map_or(0.0, |b| b.angle);
             if let Some(a) = widgets::spin_plain(ui, "xfp-rot", angle, "°", 2, 96.0, 15.0, -360.0, &ANGLE_PRESETS)
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                 app.run("object.rotate", json!({"angle": a, "absolute": true, "origin": origin})).ok();
             }
             ui.add_space(4.0);
-            icons::icon(ui, "dc-shear", 16.0, t.icon).on_hover_text("Shear");
+            icons::icon(ui, "dc-shear", 16.0, t.icon).on_hover_text(tl!("Shear"));
             if let Some(a) = widgets::plain_field(ui, "xfp-shear", 0.0, "°", 1, 56.0)
                 && a != 0.0
             {
@@ -87,10 +87,10 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         });
     });
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "flip-horizontal-2", "Flip Horizontal", false, has, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "flip-horizontal-2", tl!("Flip Horizontal"), false, has, 24.0).clicked() {
             app.run("object.reflect", json!({"axis": "vertical", "origin": origin})).ok();
         }
-        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "flip-vertical-2", "Flip Vertical", false, has, 24.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button_enabled(ui, "flip-vertical-2", tl!("Flip Vertical"), false, has, 24.0).clicked() {
             app.run("object.reflect", json!({"axis": "horizontal", "origin": origin})).ok();
         }
     });
@@ -101,26 +101,26 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         widgets::divider(ui);
         match live {
             vectorcraft_doc::LiveShape::Rectangle { radii, .. } => {
-                widgets::subheader(ui, "Rectangle Properties:");
+                widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Rectangle Properties:"));
                 ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    widgets::dim_label(ui, "Corner Radius:");
+                    widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Corner Radius:"));
                     if let Some(r) = widgets::num_field(ui, "xfp-radius", Some(radii[0]), units, 80.0) {
                         app.run("object.setLiveShape", json!({"radius": r})).ok();
                     }
                 });
             }
             vectorcraft_doc::LiveShape::Polygon { sides, .. } => {
-                widgets::subheader(ui, "Polygon Properties:");
+                widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Polygon Properties:"));
                 ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    widgets::dim_label(ui, "Sides:");
+                    widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Sides:"));
                     if let Some(s) = widgets::plain_field(ui, "xfp-sides", *sides as f64, "", 0, 60.0) {
                         app.run("object.setLiveShape", json!({"sides": s.clamp(3.0, 20.0) as u32})).ok();
                     }
                 });
             }
             _ => {
-                widgets::subheader(ui, "Shape Properties:");
-                widgets::dim_label(ui, n.kind_label());
+                widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Shape Properties:"));
+                widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!(n.kind_label()));
             }
         }
     }
@@ -129,10 +129,10 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     }
     widgets::divider(ui);
     let (sc, ss) = (app.session.prefs.scale_corners, app.session.prefs.scale_strokes);
-    if widgets::check(ui, "Scale Corners", sc, true) {
+    if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Scale Corners"), sc, true) {
         set_pref(app, "scaleCorners", !sc);
     }
-    if widgets::check(ui, "Scale Strokes & Effects", ss, true) {
+    if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Scale Strokes & Effects"), ss, true) {
         set_pref(app, "scaleStrokes", !ss);
     }
 }
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 /// `constrainProportions` preference, which the size fields pass on as `proportional`.
 pub fn constrain_link(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let on = app.session.prefs.constrain_proportions;
-    if widgets::icon_button(ui, if on { "link" } else { "link-2-off" }, "Constrain Width and Height Proportions", on, 22.0).clicked() {
+    if widgets::icon_button(ui, if on { "link" } else { "link-2-off" }, tl!("Constrain Width and Height Proportions"), on, 22.0).clicked() {
         set_pref(app, "constrainProportions", !on);
     }
 }
@@ -156,27 +156,27 @@ pub fn set_pref(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, key: &str, on: bool) {
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let hidden: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), "xf-hide-options");
     let has = super::selection_len(app) > 0;
-    if menu_item(ui, if hidden { "Show Options" } else { "Hide Options" }, true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, if hidden { tl!("Show Options") } else { tl!("Hide Options") }, true, false) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "xf-hide-options", !hidden);
     }
     ui.separator();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Flip Horizontal", has, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Flip Horizontal"), has, false) {
         app.run("object.reflect", json!({"axis": "vertical"})).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Flip Vertical", has, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Flip Vertical"), has, false) {
         app.run("object.reflect", json!({"axis": "horizontal"})).ok();
     }
     ui.separator();
     let ss = app.session.prefs.scale_strokes;
-    if menu_item(ui, "Scale Strokes & Effects", true, ss) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Scale Strokes & Effects"), true, ss) {
         set_pref(app, "scaleStrokes", !ss);
     }
     ui.separator();
-    menu_item(ui, "Transform Object Only", false, true);
-    menu_item(ui, "Transform Pattern Only", false, false);
-    menu_item(ui, "Transform Both", false, false);
+    menu_item(ui, tl!("Transform Object Only"), false, true);
+    menu_item(ui, tl!("Transform Pattern Only"), false, false);
+    menu_item(ui, tl!("Transform Both"), false, false);
     ui.separator();
-    menu_item(ui, "Use Registration Point for Symbol", false, false);
+    menu_item(ui, tl!("Use Registration Point for Symbol"), false, false);
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/transparency.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/transparency.rs
index 5d2c3c99e..c38d7ac7c 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/transparency.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/transparency.rs
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             // The thumbnail being edited is outlined (object normally, the mask while editing it).
             let (obj_w, mask_w) = if editing.is_some() { (0.5, 1.5) } else { (1.5, 1.0) };
             ui.painter().rect_stroke(r, 0.0, Stroke::new(obj_w, t.border), StrokeKind::Outside);
-            if editing.is_some() && oresp.on_hover_text("Stop editing the opacity mask").clicked() {
+            if editing.is_some() && oresp.on_hover_text(tl!("Stop editing the opacity mask")).clicked() {
                 app.run("transparency.stopEditingOpacityMask", json!({})).ok();
             }
             if let Some(n) = &n {
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                         egui::Rect::from_center_size(lr.center(), vec2(12.0, 12.0)),
                         t.icon,
                     );
-                    if lresp.on_hover_text(if m.linked { "Unlink the mask" } else { "Link the mask" }).clicked() {
+                    if lresp.on_hover_text(if m.linked { tl!("Unlink the mask") } else { tl!("Link the mask") }).clicked() {
                         app.run("transparency.setOpacityMask", json!({"linked": !m.linked})).ok();
                     }
                     let (mr, _) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(50.0, 50.0), Sense::hover());
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                         ui.painter().line_segment([mr.right_top(), mr.left_bottom()], red);
                     }
                     let (shift, alt) = ui.input(|i| (i.modifiers.shift, i.modifiers.alt));
-                    let tip = "Click to edit the mask; Alt-click to view only the mask; Shift-click to disable or enable it";
+                    let tip = tl!("Click to edit the mask; Alt-click to view only the mask; Shift-click to disable or enable it");
                     if mresp.on_hover_text(tip).clicked() {
                         if shift {
                             app.run(if m.disabled { "transparency.enableOpacityMask" } else { "transparency.disableOpacityMask" }, json!({})).ok();
@@ -142,25 +142,25 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             }
         }
         ui.vertical(|ui| {
-            let label = if mask.is_some() { "Release" } else { "Make Mask" };
+            let label = if mask.is_some() { tl!("Release") } else { tl!("Make Mask") };
             let enabled = mask.is_some() || (has && editing.is_none());
             let r = ui.add_enabled_ui(enabled, |ui| widgets::flat_button(ui, label, 96.0)).inner;
-            if r.on_disabled_hover_text("Select the art (and, on top of it, the mask object)").clicked() {
+            if r.on_disabled_hover_text(tl!("Select the art (and, on top of it, the mask object)")).clicked() {
                 let id = if mask.is_some() { "transparency.releaseOpacityMask" } else { "transparency.makeOpacityMask" };
                 app.run(id, json!({})).ok();
             }
             let (clip, invert) = mask.map(|m| (m.clip, m.invert)).unwrap_or((new_clip, new_invert));
-            if widgets::check(ui, "Clip", clip, mask.is_some()) {
+            if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Clip"), clip, mask.is_some()) {
                 app.run("transparency.setOpacityMask", json!({"clip": !clip})).ok();
             }
-            if widgets::check(ui, "Invert Mask", invert, mask.is_some()) {
+            if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Invert Mask"), invert, mask.is_some()) {
                 app.run("transparency.setOpacityMask", json!({"invert": !invert})).ok();
             }
         });
     });
     if !pstate::<bool>(ui.ctx(), "tr-hide-options") {
         widgets::divider(ui);
-        if widgets::check(ui, "Isolate Blending", isolate, has) {
+        if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Isolate Blending"), isolate, has) {
             app.run("transparency.set", json!({"isolate": !isolate})).ok();
         }
         // Neutral (and mixed) show a dash; a click moves on → neutral → off → on (mixed → on).
@@ -169,26 +169,26 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             Some(Knockout::Off) => Some(false),
             _ => None,
         };
-        if widgets::check3(ui, "Knockout Group", shown, has) {
+        if widgets::check3(ui, tl!("Knockout Group"), shown, has) {
             let next = info.knockout.map_or(Knockout::On, Knockout::cycle);
             app.run("transparency.set", json!({"knockout": next.label()})).ok();
         }
-        if widgets::check(ui, "Opacity & Mask Define Knockout Shape", knockout_shape, has) {
+        if widgets::check(ui, tl!("Opacity & Mask Define Knockout Shape"), knockout_shape, has) {
             app.run("transparency.set", json!({"knockoutShape": !knockout_shape})).ok();
         }
     }
     if !has {
-        widgets::dim_label(ui, if selection_len(app) == 0 { "No Selection" } else { "" });
+        widgets::dim_label(ui, if selection_len(app) == 0 { tl!("No Selection") } else { "" });
     }
 }
 
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let hide_thumbs: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), "tr-hide-thumbs");
     let hide_opts: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), "tr-hide-options");
-    if menu_item(ui, if hide_thumbs { "Show Thumbnails" } else { "Hide Thumbnails" }, true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, if hide_thumbs { tl!("Show Thumbnails") } else { tl!("Hide Thumbnails") }, true, false) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "tr-hide-thumbs", !hide_thumbs);
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, if hide_opts { "Show Options" } else { "Hide Options" }, true, false) {
+    if menu_item(ui, if hide_opts { tl!("Show Options") } else { tl!("Hide Options") }, true, false) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "tr-hide-options", !hide_opts);
     }
     ui.separator();
@@ -197,25 +197,25 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let (_, n) = state(app, ui.ctx());
     let mask = n.as_ref().and_then(|n| n.mask.as_deref());
     for (label, id, enabled) in mask_items(mask, n.is_some() && !editing) {
-        if menu_item(ui, label, enabled, false) {
+        if menu_item(ui, tl!(label), enabled, false) {
             app.run(id, json!({})).ok();
         }
     }
     ui.separator();
     let (clip, invert) = app.session.new_mask_defaults();
-    if menu_item(ui, "New Opacity Masks Are Clipping", true, clip) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("New Opacity Masks Are Clipping"), true, clip) {
         app.run("transparency.toggleNewMasksClipping", json!({})).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "New Opacity Masks Are Inverted", true, invert) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("New Opacity Masks Are Inverted"), true, invert) {
         app.run("transparency.toggleNewMasksInverted", json!({})).ok();
     }
     ui.separator();
     let page = app.session.active().map(|d| (d.doc.page_isolate, d.doc.page_knockout));
     let (isolate, knockout) = page.unwrap_or_default();
-    if menu_item(ui, "Page Isolated Blending", page.is_some(), isolate) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Page Isolated Blending"), page.is_some(), isolate) {
         app.run("transparency.togglePageIsolatedBlending", json!({})).ok();
     }
-    if menu_item(ui, "Page Knockout Group", page.is_some(), knockout) {
+    if menu_item(ui, tl!("Page Knockout Group"), page.is_some(), knockout) {
         app.run("transparency.togglePageKnockoutGroup", json!({})).ok();
     }
 }
@@ -225,24 +225,24 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 fn mask_items(mask: Option<&OpacityMask>, can_make: bool) -> [(&'static str, &'static str, bool); 4] {
     match mask {
         Some(m) => [
-            ("Make Opacity Mask", "transparency.makeOpacityMask", false),
-            ("Release Opacity Mask", "transparency.releaseOpacityMask", true),
+            (tl!("Make Opacity Mask"), "transparency.makeOpacityMask", false),
+            (tl!("Release Opacity Mask"), "transparency.releaseOpacityMask", true),
             if m.disabled {
-                ("Enable Opacity Mask", "transparency.enableOpacityMask", true)
+                (tl!("Enable Opacity Mask"), "transparency.enableOpacityMask", true)
             } else {
-                ("Disable Opacity Mask", "transparency.disableOpacityMask", true)
+                (tl!("Disable Opacity Mask"), "transparency.disableOpacityMask", true)
             },
             if m.linked {
-                ("Unlink Opacity Mask", "transparency.unlinkOpacityMask", true)
+                (tl!("Unlink Opacity Mask"), "transparency.unlinkOpacityMask", true)
             } else {
-                ("Link Opacity Mask", "transparency.linkOpacityMask", true)
+                (tl!("Link Opacity Mask"), "transparency.linkOpacityMask", true)
             },
         ],
         None => [
-            ("Make Opacity Mask", "transparency.makeOpacityMask", can_make),
-            ("Release Opacity Mask", "", false),
-            ("Disable Opacity Mask", "", false),
-            ("Unlink Opacity Mask", "", false),
+            (tl!("Make Opacity Mask"), "transparency.makeOpacityMask", can_make),
+            (tl!("Release Opacity Mask"), "", false),
+            (tl!("Disable Opacity Mask"), "", false),
+            (tl!("Unlink Opacity Mask"), "", false),
         ],
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/prefs_dialog.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/prefs_dialog.rs
index 06c85a23d..b7ea9b1cb 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/prefs_dialog.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/prefs_dialog.rs
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ use crate::theme::{self, Brightness, Tokens};
 use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
 
 /// UI-only fields shown in the dialog (backed by `UiState`, not engine prefs).
-const UI_FIELDS: &[(&str, &str, &str)] = &[
+pub const UI_FIELDS: &[(&str, &str, &str)] = &[
     ("__smartGuides", "Smart Guides", "Smart Guides (View → Smart Guides)"),
     ("__snapToGrid", "Guides & Grid", "Snap to Grid"),
     ("__taskBar", "General", "Enable Contextual Task Bar"),
@@ -60,6 +60,15 @@ pub fn restore(app: &mut VectorcraftApp) {
         // Older preference files: keep the saved brightness.
         p.ui_brightness = app.ui.brightness.id().into();
     }
+    // Older preference files kept the interface language with the UI state; English was the
+    // default there, so only another language is carried over (onto an unset preference).
+    if let Some(code) = app.ui.legacy_language.take()
+        && p.interface_language == "auto"
+        && code != "en"
+        && crate::i18n::Lang::from_code(&code).is_some()
+    {
+        p.interface_language = code;
+    }
     app.session.apply_prefs(p);
 }
 
@@ -112,7 +121,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
     });
     let cat = d.str("__category");
     let cat = PREF_CATEGORIES.iter().find(|c| **c == cat).copied().unwrap_or(PREF_CATEGORIES[0]);
-    egui::Window::new("Preferences")
+    egui::Window::new(tl!("Preferences"))
         .id(egui::Id::new("dialog-preferences"))
         .order(egui::Order::Foreground)
         .collapsible(false)
@@ -122,7 +131,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
         .frame(egui::Frame::window(&ctx.global_style()).fill(t.panel).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(20)))
         .show(ctx, |ui| {
             ui.set_width(760.0);
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Preferences").font(theme::semibold(16.0)).color(t.text));
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Preferences")).font(theme::semibold(16.0)).color(t.text));
             ui.add_space(12.0);
             ui.horizontal_top(|ui| {
                 // Category list.
@@ -135,7 +144,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                             ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.y = 1.0;
                             for c in PREF_CATEGORIES {
                                 let sel = *c == cat;
-                                let text = egui::RichText::new(*c).size(12.5).color(if sel { t.text_strong } else { t.text });
+                                let text = egui::RichText::new(tl!(*c)).size(12.5).color(if sel { t.text_strong } else { t.text });
                                 let b = egui::Button::selectable(sel, text).frame_when_inactive(false).min_size(egui::vec2(184.0, 24.0));
                                 if ui.add(b).clicked() {
                                     d.fields.insert("__category".into(), json!(c));
@@ -148,7 +157,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                 // Fields.
                 ui.vertical(|ui| {
                     ui.set_width(530.0);
-                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(cat).font(theme::semibold(14.0)).color(t.text_strong));
+                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(cat)).font(theme::semibold(14.0)).color(t.text_strong));
                     ui.add_space(8.0);
                     egui::ScrollArea::vertical().id_salt(("prefs", cat)).max_height(400.0).auto_shrink([false, false]).show(ui, |ui| {
                         category_fields(ui, &mut d, cat);
@@ -157,26 +166,26 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
             });
             ui.add_space(14.0);
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                if widgets::secondary_button(ui, "Reset Preferences")
-                    .on_hover_text("Restore every preference to its default (applied on OK)")
+                if widgets::secondary_button(ui, tl!("Reset Preferences"))
+                    .on_hover_text(tl!("Restore every preference to its default (applied on OK)"))
                     .clicked()
                 {
                     reset = true;
                 }
                 ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
-                    if widgets::primary_button(ui, "OK").clicked() {
+                    if widgets::primary_button(ui, tl!("OK")).clicked() {
                         ok = true;
                     }
                     ui.add_space(8.0);
-                    if widgets::secondary_button(ui, "Cancel").clicked() {
+                    if widgets::secondary_button(ui, tl!("Cancel")).clicked() {
                         cancel = true;
                     }
                     ui.add_space(16.0);
                     let i = PREF_CATEGORIES.iter().position(|c| *c == cat).unwrap_or(0);
-                    if ui.add_enabled(i + 1 < PREF_CATEGORIES.len(), egui::Button::new("Next")).clicked() {
+                    if ui.add_enabled(i + 1 < PREF_CATEGORIES.len(), egui::Button::new(tl!("Next"))).clicked() {
                         d.fields.insert("__category".into(), json!(PREF_CATEGORIES[i + 1]));
                     }
-                    if ui.add_enabled(i > 0, egui::Button::new("Previous")).clicked() {
+                    if ui.add_enabled(i > 0, egui::Button::new(tl!("Previous"))).clicked() {
                         d.fields.insert("__category".into(), json!(PREF_CATEGORIES[i - 1]));
                     }
                 });
@@ -216,7 +225,7 @@ fn category_fields(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, cat: &str) {
                 if !first {
                     ui.add_space(8.0);
                 }
-                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(section).font(theme::semibold(12.5)).color(t.text_strong));
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(section)).font(theme::semibold(12.5)).color(t.text_strong));
                 ui.add_space(2.0);
             }
         }
@@ -228,7 +237,7 @@ fn category_fields(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, cat: &str) {
                 labeled(ui, sp.label, |ui| {
                     let mut x = v.as_f64().unwrap_or(min);
                     let r = if sp.key == "uiScaling" {
-                        ui.add(egui::Slider::new(&mut x, min..=max).step_by(0.05).text("Smaller ↔ Larger"))
+                        ui.add(egui::Slider::new(&mut x, min..=max).step_by(0.05).text(tl!("Smaller ↔ Larger")))
                     } else {
                         let speed = if max - min > 100.0 { 0.5 } else { 0.05 };
                         ui.add(egui::DragValue::new(&mut x).range(min..=max).speed(speed).max_decimals(3).suffix(format!(" {unit}")))
@@ -252,7 +261,7 @@ fn category_fields(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, cat: &str) {
                 labeled(ui, sp.label, |ui| {
                     let mut x = v.as_i64().unwrap_or(min);
                     let r = if sp.key == "anchorSize" {
-                        ui.add(egui::Slider::new(&mut x, min..=max).show_value(false).text("Size"))
+                        ui.add(egui::Slider::new(&mut x, min..=max).show_value(false).text(tl!("Size")))
                     } else {
                         ui.add(egui::DragValue::new(&mut x).range(min..=max).speed(0.2))
                     };
@@ -282,6 +291,20 @@ fn category_fields(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, cat: &str) {
                     ui.label(egui::RichText::new(hex).color(t.text_dim).size(11.0));
                 });
             }
+            PrefKind::Text if sp.key == "interfaceLanguage" => {
+                // `auto` plus every registered language, by its own name.
+                labeled(ui, sp.label, |ui| {
+                    let cur = v.as_str().unwrap_or("auto");
+                    let codes: Vec<&str> = std::iter::once("auto").chain(crate::i18n::Lang::all().map(|l| l.code())).collect();
+                    let labels: Vec<&str> = std::iter::once(tl!("Auto")).chain(crate::i18n::Lang::all().map(|l| l.name())).collect();
+                    let cur_label = codes.iter().position(|c| c.eq_ignore_ascii_case(cur)).and_then(|i| labels.get(i).copied()).unwrap_or(cur);
+                    if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, sp.key, cur_label, &labels, 260.0)
+                        && let Some(code) = codes.get(i)
+                    {
+                        d.fields.insert(sp.key.into(), json!(code));
+                    }
+                });
+            }
             PrefKind::Text => {
                 labeled(ui, sp.label, |ui| {
                     let mut s = v.as_str().unwrap_or("").to_string();
@@ -296,7 +319,7 @@ fn category_fields(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, cat: &str) {
 
 fn bool_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, label: &str) {
     let mut b = d.bool(key);
-    if ui.checkbox(&mut b, label).changed() {
+    if ui.checkbox(&mut b, tl!(label)).changed() {
         d.fields.insert(key.into(), json!(b));
     }
 }
@@ -306,7 +329,7 @@ fn labeled(ui: &mut egui::Ui, label: &str, add: impl FnOnce(&mut egui::Ui)) {
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         ui.allocate_ui_with_layout(egui::vec2(210.0, 22.0), egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
             ui.set_min_width(210.0);
-            ui.add(egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(format!("{label}:")).color(t.text)).truncate());
+            ui.add(egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(format!("{}{}", tl!(label), tl!(":"))).color(t.text)).truncate());
         });
         add(ui);
     });
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/shortcut_editor.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/shortcut_editor.rs
index 265b69b04..234477e70 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/shortcut_editor.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/shortcut_editor.rs
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
     egui::Area::new(egui::Id::new("modal-dim")).order(egui::Order::Middle).fixed_pos(egui::pos2(0.0, 0.0)).show(ctx, |ui| {
         ui.allocate_rect(ctx.content_rect(), egui::Sense::click());
     });
-    egui::Window::new("Keyboard Shortcuts")
+    egui::Window::new(tl!("Keyboard Shortcuts"))
         .id(egui::Id::new("dialog-shortcuts"))
         .order(egui::Order::Foreground)
         .collapsible(false)
@@ -528,11 +528,11 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
         .frame(egui::Frame::window(&ctx.global_style()).fill(t.panel).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(20)))
         .show(ctx, |ui| {
             ui.set_width(640.0);
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Keyboard Shortcuts").font(theme::semibold(16.0)).color(t.text));
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Keyboard Shortcuts")).font(theme::semibold(16.0)).color(t.text));
             ui.add_space(10.0);
             // Set row.
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Set:").color(t.text_dim));
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Set:")).color(t.text_dim));
                 let cur = d.str("set");
                 let mut opts: Vec<&str> = PRESETS.to_vec();
                 if !PRESETS.contains(&cur.as_str()) {
@@ -546,16 +546,16 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                     d.fields.insert("__message".into(), json!(""));
                 }
                 ui.add_space(12.0);
-                if ui.button("Import…").clicked() {
+                if ui.button(tl!("Import…")).clicked() {
                     d.fields.insert("__import".into(), json!(true));
                 }
-                if ui.button("Export…").clicked() {
+                if ui.button(tl!("Export…")).clicked() {
                     d.fields.insert("__export".into(), json!(true));
                 }
-                if ui.button("Reset to Defaults").clicked() {
+                if ui.button(tl!("Reset to Defaults")).clicked() {
                     ov.clear();
                     d.fields.insert("set".into(), json!(PRESETS[0]));
-                    d.fields.insert("__message".into(), json!("All shortcuts reset to defaults."));
+                    d.fields.insert("__message".into(), json!(tl!("All shortcuts reset to defaults.")));
                 }
             });
             ui.add_space(8.0);
@@ -563,13 +563,13 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
                 let tab = d.str("tab");
                 for (id, label) in [("tools", "Tools"), ("menu", "Menu Commands")] {
-                    if ui.selectable_label(tab == id, egui::RichText::new(label).font(theme::semibold(12.5))).clicked() {
+                    if ui.selectable_label(tab == id, egui::RichText::new(tl!(label)).font(theme::semibold(12.5))).clicked() {
                         d.fields.insert("tab".into(), json!(id));
                     }
                 }
                 ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
                     let mut q = d.str("query");
-                    if ui.add(egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut q).hint_text("Search").desired_width(200.0)).changed() {
+                    if ui.add(egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut q).hint_text(tl!("Search")).desired_width(200.0)).changed() {
                         d.fields.insert("query".into(), json!(q));
                     }
                 });
@@ -584,21 +584,27 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                 ui.horizontal(|ui| {
                     ui.allocate_ui_with_layout(egui::vec2(360.0, 16.0), egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
                         ui.set_min_width(360.0);
-                        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(if tools { "Tool" } else { "Command" }).color(t.text_dim).size(11.0));
+                        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(if tools { tl!("Tool") } else { tl!("Command") }).color(t.text_dim).size(11.0));
                     });
-                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Shortcut").color(t.text_dim).size(11.0));
+                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Shortcut")).color(t.text_dim).size(11.0));
                 });
                 egui::ScrollArea::vertical().max_height(360.0).auto_shrink([false, false]).show(ui, |ui| {
                     for e in entries().iter().filter(|e| e.is_tool == tools) {
                         let sc = effective_in(&ov, &e.key);
                         let matches = e.label.to_lowercase().contains(&q)
+                            || tl!(&e.label).to_lowercase().contains(&q)
                             || e.group.to_lowercase().contains(&q)
+                            || tl!(&e.group).to_lowercase().contains(&q)
                             || sc.as_deref().is_some_and(|s| s.to_lowercase().contains(&q));
                         if !q.is_empty() && !matches {
                             continue;
                         }
                         let row = ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                            let name = if e.is_tool || e.group.is_empty() { e.label.clone() } else { format!("{} › {}", e.group, e.label) };
+                            let name = if e.is_tool || e.group.is_empty() {
+                                tl!(&e.label).to_string()
+                            } else {
+                                format!("{} › {}", tl!(&e.group), tl!(&e.label))
+                            };
                             let r = ui
                                 .allocate_ui_with_layout(egui::vec2(360.0, 20.0), egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
                                     ui.set_min_width(360.0);
@@ -609,7 +615,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                                 d.fields.insert("__selected".into(), json!(e.key));
                             }
                             let label = if rec == e.key {
-                                "Press keys…".to_string()
+                                tl!("Press keys…").to_string()
                             } else {
                                 sc.as_deref().map(menus::pretty_shortcut).unwrap_or_else(|| "—".into())
                             };
@@ -617,7 +623,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                             let txt = egui::RichText::new(label).color(if changed { t.accent } else { t.text });
                             let b = ui
                                 .add_sized([150.0, 20.0], egui::Button::new(txt).selected(rec == e.key))
-                                .on_hover_text("Click, then press the new shortcut (Esc cancels)");
+                                .on_hover_text(tl!("Click, then press the new shortcut (Esc cancels)"));
                             if b.clicked() {
                                 d.fields.insert("__recording".into(), json!(e.key));
                                 d.fields.insert("__selected".into(), json!(e.key));
@@ -634,16 +640,16 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
                 let sel = d.str("__selected");
                 ui.add_enabled_ui(!sel.is_empty(), |ui| {
-                    if ui.button("Clear").on_hover_text("Remove the shortcut").clicked() {
+                    if ui.button(tl!("Clear")).on_hover_text(tl!("Remove the shortcut")).clicked() {
                         let _ = assign(&mut ov, &sel, None, true);
                         d.fields.insert("set".into(), json!(CUSTOM));
                     }
-                    if ui.button("Use Default").clicked() {
+                    if ui.button(tl!("Use Default")).clicked() {
                         reset_one(&mut ov, &sel);
                     }
                 });
                 let conflict = d.str("__conflict");
-                if !conflict.is_empty() && ui.button("Go to Conflict").clicked() {
+                if !conflict.is_empty() && ui.button(tl!("Go to Conflict")).clicked() {
                     let tab = if conflict.starts_with("tool:") { "tools" } else { "menu" };
                     d.fields.insert("tab".into(), json!(tab));
                     d.fields.insert("query".into(), json!(""));
@@ -658,15 +664,23 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
             }
             let n = all_conflicts(&ov).len();
             if n > 0 {
-                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(format!("{n} shortcut(s) are assigned more than once")).color(t.text_dim).size(11.0));
+                ui.label(
+                    egui::RichText::new(crate::i18n::tn(
+                        n as u64,
+                        "{n} shortcut is assigned more than once",
+                        "{n} shortcuts are assigned more than once",
+                    ))
+                    .color(t.text_dim)
+                    .size(11.0),
+                );
             }
             ui.add_space(12.0);
             ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
-                if widgets::primary_button(ui, "OK").clicked() {
+                if widgets::primary_button(ui, tl!("OK")).clicked() {
                     ok = true;
                 }
                 ui.add_space(8.0);
-                if widgets::secondary_button(ui, "Cancel").clicked() {
+                if widgets::secondary_button(ui, tl!("Cancel")).clicked() {
                     cancel = true;
                 }
             });
@@ -686,7 +700,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                 if let Some(d) = app.ui.dialog.as_mut() {
                     d.fields.insert("overrides".into(), serde_json::to_value(&o).unwrap_or(json!({})));
                     d.fields.insert("set".into(), json!(s));
-                    d.fields.insert("__message".into(), json!("Imported. Press OK to keep the imported set."));
+                    d.fields.insert("__message".into(), json!(tl!("Imported. Press OK to keep the imported set.")));
                 }
             }
             Some(Err(e)) if e != "cancelled" => app.status(e),
@@ -720,7 +734,10 @@ fn record(d: &mut Dialog, ov: &mut BTreeMap<String, String>, key: &str, chord: &
                 let names: Vec<String> = removed.iter().map(|k| entry(k).map(|e| e.label.clone()).unwrap_or(k.clone())).collect();
                 d.fields.insert(
                     "__message".into(),
-                    json!(format!("⚠ {} was already used by {} — it has been removed there.", menus::pretty_shortcut(chord), names.join(", "))),
+                    json!(crate::i18n::fmt(
+                        tl!("⚠ {chord} was already used by {names} — it has been removed there."),
+                        &[("chord", &menus::pretty_shortcut(chord)), ("names", &names.join(", "))]
+                    )),
                 );
                 d.fields.insert("__conflict".into(), json!(first));
             } else {
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/state.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/state.rs
index e718e1b6b..fdece9afb 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/state.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/state.rs
@@ -207,8 +207,11 @@ impl Dialog {
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 #[serde(default)]
 pub struct UiState {
-    #[serde(default)]
-    pub language: crate::i18n::Language,
+    /// The interface language older versions saved here (`ja`, `cs`…). It now lives in the
+    /// `interfaceLanguage` preference, which [`crate::prefs_dialog::restore`] carries it over to;
+    /// it is never written back.
+    #[serde(rename = "language", skip_serializing)]
+    pub legacy_language: Option<String>,
     pub brightness: Brightness,
     pub dock_tab: DockTab,
     /// Icon panel currently popped out of the collapsed column.
@@ -344,7 +347,7 @@ impl UiState {
 impl Default for UiState {
     fn default() -> Self {
         Self {
-            language: crate::i18n::Language::default(),
+            legacy_language: None,
             brightness: Brightness::MediumDark,
             dock_tab: DockTab::Properties,
             open_panel: None,
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/tests_contextmenu.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/tests_contextmenu.rs
index dd2fee08e..893583f5f 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/tests_contextmenu.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/tests_contextmenu.rs
@@ -150,3 +150,32 @@ fn the_menu_follows_the_selection() {
     assert!(!matches!(items.first(), Some(Item::Sep)) && !matches!(items.last(), Some(Item::Sep)));
     assert!(items.windows(2).all(|w| !matches!(w, [Item::Sep, Item::Sep])));
 }
+
+/// Every label the context menu can show is a menu string, so complete catalogs must translate it.
+#[test]
+fn every_context_label_is_a_menu_string() {
+    let strings = menus::menu_strings();
+    let mut app = app();
+    let mut shown = vec![];
+    // Nothing selected, one path, two paths, a group, a clipping group, a compound path, isolation.
+    shown.extend(labels(&menus::context_items(&app)));
+    let (a, b) = (rect(&mut app, 0.0, 0.0), rect(&mut app, 50.0, 50.0));
+    shown.extend(labels(&menus::context_items(&app)));
+    app.run("select.set", json!({"ids": [a.0, b.0]})).unwrap();
+    shown.extend(labels(&menus::context_items(&app)));
+    app.run("object.compoundPath.make", json!({})).unwrap();
+    shown.extend(labels(&menus::context_items(&app)));
+    app.run("object.compoundPath.release", json!({})).unwrap();
+    app.run("select.set", json!({"ids": [a.0, b.0]})).unwrap();
+    app.run("object.clippingMask.make", json!({})).unwrap();
+    shown.extend(labels(&menus::context_items(&app)));
+    app.run("object.group", json!({})).unwrap();
+    shown.extend(labels(&menus::context_items(&app)));
+    menus::invoke(&mut app, "object.isolate", json!({}));
+    shown.extend(labels(&menus::context_items(&app)));
+    let missing: Vec<_> = shown.iter().filter(|l| !strings.contains(**l)).collect();
+    assert!(missing.is_empty(), "context menu labels missing from menu_strings: {missing:?}");
+    for label in menus::CONTEXT_LABELS {
+        assert!(shown.contains(label), "`{label}` is listed but the context menu never shows it");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/titlebar.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/titlebar.rs
index 9209b30ac..13e70dfe7 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/titlebar.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/titlebar.rs
@@ -80,10 +80,10 @@ pub fn caption_buttons(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, bar: Rect) {
         let ink = if close && resp.hovered() { t.caption_close_text } else { t.icon };
         paint_glyph(ui, c, max, r.center(), Stroke::new(1.0, ink));
         let tip = match c {
-            Caption::Minimize => "Minimize",
-            Caption::Maximize if max => "Restore",
-            Caption::Maximize => "Maximize",
-            Caption::Close => "Close",
+            Caption::Minimize => tl!("Minimize"),
+            Caption::Maximize if max => tl!("Restore"),
+            Caption::Maximize => tl!("Maximize"),
+            Caption::Close => tl!("Close"),
         };
         if resp.on_hover_text(tip).clicked() {
             clicked = Some(c);
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/toolbar.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/toolbar.rs
index 8d782dfdf..8707bc27c 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/toolbar.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/toolbar.rs
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ pub const BASIC: &[(&str, &[&[&str]])] = &[
 
 fn tip(t: &ToolInfo) -> String {
     match crate::shortcut_editor::tool_shortcut(t.id) {
-        Some(s) => format!("{} ({})", t.label, s),
-        None => t.label.to_string(),
+        Some(s) => format!("{} ({})", tl!(t.label), s),
+        None => tl!(t.label).to_string(),
     }
 }
 
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                 egui::Rect::from_min_size(hdr.left_top() + vec2(3.0, 2.0), vec2(10.0, 10.0)),
                 if hresp.hovered() { t.text_strong } else { t.text },
             );
-            if hresp.on_hover_text("Toggle single/double column").clicked() {
+            if hresp.on_hover_text(tl!("Toggle single/double column")).clicked() {
                 app.ui.toolbar_double = !app.ui.toolbar_double;
             }
             let (grip, _) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(ui.available_width(), 6.0), Sense::hover());
@@ -120,7 +120,13 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
                 while i < all.len() {
                     if let Some(cat) = all[i].0 {
                         let (r, _) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(ui.available_width(), 18.0), Sense::hover());
-                        let label = if cols == 1 && cat.len() > 6 { format!("{}...", &cat[..4]) } else { cat.to_string() };
+                        // A long name is cut to its first four characters in the single column.
+                        let cat = tl!(cat);
+                        let label = if cols == 1 && cat.chars().count() > 6 {
+                            format!("{}...", cat.chars().take(4).collect::<String>())
+                        } else {
+                            cat.to_string()
+                        };
                         ui.painter().text(r.center() + vec2(0.0, 2.0), egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER, label, egui::FontId::proportional(11.0), t.text);
                     }
                     // One row = `cols` slots (a category label always starts a new row).
@@ -246,7 +252,7 @@ pub fn control_bar_options(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let opts = app.session.tool_options();
     for (key, label, choices) in MIRROR {
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(label).size(12.0).color(t.text));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(label)).size(12.0).color(t.text));
         let cur = opts[key].as_str().unwrap_or_default();
         let shown = choices.iter().find(|(v, _)| *v == cur).map_or(cur, |(_, l)| *l);
         let labels: Vec<&str> = choices.iter().map(|(_, l)| *l).collect();
@@ -272,7 +278,7 @@ fn bottom_controls(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, t: &Tokens) {
                 "paint.lastGradient" => widgets::gradient_chip(ui, r, &app.session.last_gradient.gradient),
                 _ => widgets::paint_chip(ui, r, &Paint::None),
             }
-            if resp.on_hover_text(tip).clicked() {
+            if resp.on_hover_text(tl!(tip)).clicked() {
                 clicked = Some(cmd);
             }
         }
@@ -289,7 +295,7 @@ fn bottom_controls(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, t: &Tokens) {
             vectorcraft_engine::DrawMode::Behind => 1,
             vectorcraft_engine::DrawMode::Inside => 2,
         };
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, modes[m], &format!("{} (Shift+D)", names[m]), m != 0, 26.0).clicked() {
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, modes[m], &format!("{} (Shift+D)", tl!(names[m])), m != 0, 26.0).clicked() {
             app.run("view.drawMode", json!({})).ok();
         }
         if widgets::icon_button(ui, "dc-screen-mode", "Change Screen Mode (F)", false, 26.0).clicked() {
@@ -341,7 +347,7 @@ fn flyout(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                         ui.painter().text(
                             r.left_center() + vec2(52.0, 0.0),
                             egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
-                            tool.label,
+                            tl!(tool.label),
                             egui::FontId::proportional(13.0),
                             color,
                         );
@@ -376,7 +382,7 @@ fn flyout(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
 fn puppet_warp_options(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let opts = app.session.tool_options();
-    ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Expand:").size(12.0).color(t.text));
+    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Expand:")).size(12.0).color(t.text));
     let unit = app.session.general_unit();
     if let Some(v) = widgets::num_field(ui, ("cb-tool", "expand"), opts["expand"].as_f64(), unit, 64.0) {
         app.run("tool.setOption", json!({ "key": "expand", "value": v })).ok();
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/widgets.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/widgets.rs
index d3ede10f5..0a7d9ef7a 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/widgets.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/widgets.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ pub fn icon_button(ui: &mut Ui, icon: &str, tip: &str, selected: bool, size: f32
     ui.painter().rect_filled(rect, CornerRadius::same(3), bg);
     let pad = (size * 0.2).round();
     icons::paint(ui, icon, rect.shrink(pad), if selected { t.text } else { t.icon });
-    if !tip.is_empty() { resp.on_hover_text(tip) } else { resp }
+    if !tip.is_empty() { resp.on_hover_text(tl!(tip)) } else { resp }
 }
 
 /// Small flat text button (Quick Actions style).
@@ -40,14 +40,14 @@ pub fn flat_button(ui: &mut Ui, text: &str, width: f32) -> Response {
         Stroke::new(1.0, if resp.hovered() { t.text } else { t.button_border }),
         StrokeKind::Inside,
     );
-    ui.painter().with_clip_rect(rect).text(rect.center(), egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER, text, egui::FontId::proportional(12.5), t.text_strong);
+    ui.painter().with_clip_rect(rect).text(rect.center(), egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER, tl!(text), egui::FontId::proportional(12.5), t.text_strong);
     resp
 }
 
 /// Blue call-to-action pill (dialog OK/Create).
 pub fn primary_button(ui: &mut Ui, text: &str) -> Response {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
-    let galley = ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(text.to_string(), theme::semibold(12.5), Color32::WHITE);
+    let galley = ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(tl!(text).to_string(), theme::semibold(12.5), Color32::WHITE);
     let w = galley.size().x + 32.0;
     let (rect, resp) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(w.max(72.0), 28.0), Sense::click());
     let bg = if resp.hovered() { t.accent } else { t.accent_strong };
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ pub fn primary_button(ui: &mut Ui, text: &str) -> Response {
 /// Outlined secondary pill (dialog Cancel).
 pub fn secondary_button(ui: &mut Ui, text: &str) -> Response {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
-    let galley = ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(text.to_string(), theme::semibold(12.5), t.text);
+    let galley = ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(tl!(text).to_string(), theme::semibold(12.5), t.text);
     let w = galley.size().x + 32.0;
     let (rect, resp) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(w.max(72.0), 28.0), Sense::click());
     if resp.hovered() {
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ pub fn secondary_button(ui: &mut Ui, text: &str) -> Response {
 pub fn section_header(ui: &mut Ui, text: &str) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     ui.add_space(2.0);
-    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(text).size(13.0).color(t.text));
+    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(text)).size(13.0).color(t.text));
     ui.add_space(2.0);
 }
 
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ pub fn divider(ui: &mut Ui) {
 
 pub fn dim_label(ui: &mut Ui, text: &str) -> Response {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
-    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(text).color(t.text).size(12.5))
+    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(text)).color(t.text).size(12.5))
 }
 
 /// A recessed numeric field showing `value` (points) in `unit`. Returns the new value (points)
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ pub fn label_row(ui: &mut Ui, label: &str, label_width: f32, add: impl FnOnce(&m
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         let (r, _) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(label_width, 24.0), Sense::hover());
         let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
-        ui.painter().text(r.left_center(), egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER, label, egui::FontId::proportional(12.5), t.text);
+        ui.painter().text(r.left_center(), egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER, tl!(label), egui::FontId::proportional(12.5), t.text);
         add(ui);
     });
 }
@@ -409,10 +409,10 @@ pub fn dropdown_with(
     width: f32,
     enabled: impl Fn(usize) -> bool,
 ) -> Option<usize> {
-    combo(ui, id, current, width, false, |ui| {
+    combo(ui, id, tl!(current), width, false, |ui| {
         let mut chosen = None;
         for (i, o) in options.iter().enumerate() {
-            if ui.add_enabled(enabled(i), egui::Button::selectable(*o == current, *o)).clicked() {
+            if ui.add_enabled(enabled(i), egui::Button::selectable(*o == current, tl!(o))).clicked() {
                 chosen = Some(i);
             }
         }
@@ -533,13 +533,13 @@ pub fn blend_separator_before(i: usize) -> bool {
 /// The blend-mode dropdown, its groups separated (Normal | darken | lighten | contrast | inversion
 /// | component modes). `None` (objects that differ) shows blank. Returns the chosen mode.
 pub fn blend_dropdown(ui: &mut Ui, id: impl std::hash::Hash + std::fmt::Debug, current: Option<BlendMode>, width: f32) -> Option<BlendMode> {
-    combo(ui, id, current.map_or("", BlendMode::label), width, false, |ui| {
+    combo(ui, id, current.map_or("", |m| tl!(m.label())), width, false, |ui| {
         let mut chosen = None;
         for (i, m) in BlendMode::ALL.into_iter().enumerate() {
             if blend_separator_before(i) {
                 ui.separator();
             }
-            if ui.selectable_label(Some(m) == current, m.label()).clicked() {
+            if ui.selectable_label(Some(m) == current, tl!(m.label())).clicked() {
                 chosen = Some(m);
             }
         }
@@ -644,7 +644,7 @@ pub fn toggle_icon(ui: &mut Ui, on_icon: &str, on: bool, size: f32, tip: &str) -
     } else if resp.hovered() {
         icons::paint(ui, on_icon, rect.shrink(size * 0.2), t.text_disabled);
     }
-    resp.on_hover_text(tip).clicked()
+    resp.on_hover_text(tl!(tip)).clicked()
 }
 
 // ---------- panel widgets (Swatches, Color, Stroke, Gradient, Appearance, …) ----------
@@ -658,19 +658,19 @@ pub fn icon_button_enabled(ui: &mut Ui, icon: &str, tip: &str, selected: bool, e
     let (rect, resp) = ui.allocate_exact_size(Vec2::splat(size), Sense::hover());
     let pad = (size * 0.2).round();
     icons::paint(ui, icon, rect.shrink(pad), t.text_disabled);
-    if tip.is_empty() { resp } else { resp.on_hover_text(tip) }
+    if tip.is_empty() { resp } else { resp.on_hover_text(tl!(tip)) }
 }
 
 /// Regular-weight panel sub-header ("Shape Modes:", "Align Objects:").
 pub fn subheader(ui: &mut Ui, text: &str) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
-    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(text).size(12.5).color(t.text));
+    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(text)).size(12.5).color(t.text));
 }
 
 /// A label drawn with a dotted underline (Illustrator's link labels: "Stroke:", "Opacity:").
 pub fn link_label(ui: &mut Ui, text: &str) -> Response {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
-    let galley = ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(text.to_string(), egui::FontId::proportional(12.5), t.text_strong);
+    let galley = ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(tl!(text).to_string(), egui::FontId::proportional(12.5), t.text_strong);
     let (rect, resp) = ui.allocate_exact_size(galley.size() + vec2(0.0, 3.0), Sense::click());
     let y = rect.top() + galley.size().y + 1.0;
     ui.painter().galley(rect.min, galley, t.text_strong);
@@ -686,7 +686,8 @@ pub fn link_label(ui: &mut Ui, text: &str) -> Response {
 /// returns the box, the response and the box's border colour.
 fn choice_row(ui: &mut Ui, label: &str, enabled: bool) -> (Rect, Response, Color32) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
-    let galley = ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(label.to_string(), egui::FontId::proportional(12.5), if enabled { t.text } else { t.text_disabled });
+    let galley =
+        ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(tl!(label).to_string(), egui::FontId::proportional(12.5), if enabled { t.text } else { t.text_disabled });
     let (rect, resp) =
         ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(18.0 + galley.size().x, 20.0f32.max(galley.size().y)), if enabled { Sense::click() } else { Sense::hover() });
     let bx = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(rect.left(), rect.center().y - 6.5), Vec2::splat(13.0));
@@ -1027,7 +1028,7 @@ pub fn search_field(ui: &mut Ui, id: egui::Id, hint: &str) -> String {
                 egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut query)
                     .id(id.with("edit"))
                     .frame(egui::Frame::NONE)
-                    .hint_text(egui::RichText::new(hint).italics())
+                    .hint_text(egui::RichText::new(tl!(hint)).italics())
                     .desired_width(ui.available_width()),
             );
         });
@@ -1056,6 +1057,7 @@ pub fn bottom_bar(ui: &mut Ui, add: impl FnOnce(&mut Ui)) {
 
 /// A menu row for panel (≡) menus: label, optional check mark, disabled when not implemented.
 pub fn menu_item(ui: &mut Ui, label: &str, enabled: bool, checked: bool) -> bool {
+    let label = tl!(label);
     let text = if checked { format!("✓ {label}") } else { format!("   {label}") };
     ui.add_enabled(enabled, egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new(text).size(12.5)).frame(false)).clicked()
 }
@@ -1297,7 +1299,7 @@ pub fn tab_bar(ui: &mut Ui, tabs: &[&str], current: usize) -> Option<usize> {
         for (i, tab) in tabs.iter().enumerate() {
             let sel = i == current;
             let font = if sel { theme::semibold(13.0) } else { egui::FontId::proportional(13.0) };
-            let galley = ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(tab.to_string(), font, t.text);
+            let galley = ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(tl!(tab).to_string(), font, t.text);
             let (rect, resp) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(galley.size().x, 30.0), Sense::click());
             let color = if sel || resp.hovered() { t.text_strong } else { t.text_dim };
             ui.painter().galley(pos2(rect.left(), rect.center().y - galley.size().y / 2.0 - 2.0), galley, color);
@@ -1334,7 +1336,7 @@ pub fn orientation_button(ui: &mut Ui, landscape: bool, selected: bool, tip: &st
     ui.painter().add(egui::Shape::convex_polygon(outline.clone(), fill, Stroke::new(1.2, color)));
     let corner = [page.right_top() - vec2(fold, 0.0), page.right_top() + vec2(-fold, fold), page.right_top() + vec2(0.0, fold)];
     ui.painter().add(egui::Shape::line(corner.to_vec(), Stroke::new(1.2, if selected { t.panel } else { color })));
-    resp.on_hover_text(tip).clicked()
+    resp.on_hover_text(tl!(tip)).clicked()
 }
 
 /// `region` of `doc` rendered on white, its longest side `px` pixels, as a texture named `name`
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/workspaces.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/workspaces.rs
index 30002af44..17bb04091 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/workspaces.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/workspaces.rs
@@ -240,6 +240,7 @@ pub fn popup(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
             }
             crate::menus::Item::Cmd(label, id, p) => {
                 let label = crate::menus::dynamic_label(app, id, label);
+                let label = tl!(&label);
                 let text = match crate::menus::checked(app, id, &p) {
                     Some(true) => format!("✓  {label}"),
                     Some(false) => format!("     {label}"),
@@ -327,7 +328,9 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
         .frame(egui::Frame::window(&ctx.global_style()).fill(t.panel).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(22)))
         .show(ctx, |ui| {
             ui.set_width(340.0);
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(if manage { "Manage Workspaces" } else { "New Workspace" }).font(theme::semibold(16.0)).color(t.text));
+            ui.label(
+                egui::RichText::new(if manage { tl!("Manage Workspaces") } else { tl!("New Workspace") }).font(theme::semibold(16.0)).color(t.text),
+            );
             ui.add_space(12.0);
             if manage {
                 egui::Frame::NONE.fill(t.input).stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, t.input_border)).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(4)).show(ui, |ui| {
@@ -335,7 +338,8 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                     ui.set_width(ui.available_width());
                     for n in names(&app.ui) {
                         let builtin = is_builtin(&n);
-                        let text = if builtin { egui::RichText::new(&n).color(t.text_dim) } else { egui::RichText::new(&n).color(t.text) };
+                        let shown = if builtin { tl!(&n) } else { n.as_str() };
+                        let text = if builtin { egui::RichText::new(shown).color(t.text_dim) } else { egui::RichText::new(shown).color(t.text) };
                         if ui.selectable_label(d.str("selected") == n, text).clicked() && !builtin {
                             d.fields.insert("selected".into(), json!(n));
                             d.fields.insert("name".into(), json!(n));
@@ -349,36 +353,36 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                     if ui.add(egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut name).desired_width(180.0)).changed() {
                         d.fields.insert("name".into(), json!(name));
                     }
-                    if ui.button("New").on_hover_text("Save the current layout under this name").clicked() {
+                    if ui.button(tl!("New")).on_hover_text(tl!("Save the current layout under this name")).clicked() {
                         action = Some(("window.workspace.new", json!({"name": d.str("name")})));
                     }
                     ui.add_enabled_ui(!sel.is_empty(), |ui| {
-                        if ui.button("Rename").clicked() {
+                        if ui.button(tl!("Rename")).clicked() {
                             action = Some(("window.workspace.rename", json!({"name": sel, "to": d.str("name")})));
                         }
-                        if ui.button("Delete").clicked() {
+                        if ui.button(tl!("Delete")).clicked() {
                             action = Some(("window.workspace.delete", json!({"name": sel})));
                         }
                     });
                 });
             } else {
                 ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Name:").color(t.text_dim));
+                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Name:")).color(t.text_dim));
                     let mut name = d.str("name");
                     let r = ui.add(egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut name).desired_width(240.0));
                     if r.changed() {
                         d.fields.insert("name".into(), json!(name));
                     }
                 });
-                ui.label(egui::RichText::new("Saves the current bars, toolbar and panel layout.").color(t.text_dim).size(11.0));
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Saves the current bars, toolbar and panel layout.")).color(t.text_dim).size(11.0));
             }
             ui.add_space(16.0);
             ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
-                if widgets::primary_button(ui, "OK").clicked() {
+                if widgets::primary_button(ui, tl!("OK")).clicked() {
                     ok = true;
                 }
                 ui.add_space(8.0);
-                if !manage && widgets::secondary_button(ui, "Cancel").clicked() {
+                if !manage && widgets::secondary_button(ui, tl!("Cancel")).clicked() {
                     cancel = true;
                 }
             });
diff --git a/docs/development.md b/docs/development.md
index 68ad36f4d..71a9a1b0b 100644
--- a/docs/development.md
+++ b/docs/development.md
@@ -58,6 +58,48 @@ CRAFT_FONTS_DIR="$PWD/../craft-fonts" cargo xtask ci   # also runs the Japanese-
   CI job and every release job (`release.yml`) check craft-fonts out at a pinned commit; release
   packages carry each embedded font's `OFL-<family>.txt`.
 
+## Localisation
+
+Strings in code stay English and are the default lookup keys. `crates/ui-egui/src/i18n` maps them to display
+text at render time from one catalog per language (`i18n/<code>.tsv`; the format is documented in the header of
+`zh-hant.tsv`). Command ids, menu paths used for logic, `ui.menu.list`, the control channel, the CLI and MCP
+always use the English ids and labels, so agents and scripts never see translated text.
+
+Languages shipped: English (`en`, the source), Traditional Chinese (`zh-hant`, complete, in the vocabulary used
+in Taiwan; `zh-TW`, `zh-HK`, `zh-MO` and `zh-Hant-*` locales all resolve to it), Czech (`cs`, every menu
+label) and Japanese (`ja`, the main menus so far). Untranslated text falls back to English until its rows are
+added. Simplified Chinese locales
+(`zh-CN`, `zh-SG`, `zh-Hans`) fall back to English until a `zh-hans` catalog is registered: the resolver already
+tells the two scripts apart, so the Traditional catalog is never shown to a Simplified locale.
+
+- `tl!("…")` translates a literal into the language the UI is drawn in; `i18n::t(s)` is the same for a
+  `&str`. `tr(lang, s)` takes the language; `tr_ctx` when one English word needs different translations;
+  `tr_id(lang, command_id, label)` for menu items (keyed by command id, English label as the fallback);
+  `tn` / `trn(lang, n, one, other)` for plurals; `fmt` fills `{name}` placeholders, which a translation may
+  reorder.
+- The shared widgets (`widgets::check`, `dropdown`, `menu_item`, the buttons, `label_row`, tooltips of
+  `icon_button`…), the menus, the dock, the toolbar, the dialog frame and `panels::empty_state` translate
+  the text they are given, so a panel mostly needs its literals wrapped in `tl!` to be covered by the tests.
+- The language is VectorCraft › Language (the `app.language` UI command, `{lang: auto|<code>}`) or Edit ›
+  Preferences › User Interface › Language; both set the `interfaceLanguage` preference (`auto` or a language
+  code; `auto` follows the system locale: `VECTORCRAFT_LOCALE`, then `LC_ALL`/`LC_MESSAGES`/`LANG`/`LANGUAGE`,
+  the macOS preferred languages, the Windows user locale). The web build has no locale detection yet and
+  starts in English. The Preferences dialog previews the chosen language before OK.
+- To add a language: add `<code>.tsv` and one row in `i18n::LANGUAGES` (code, native name, catalog, plural
+  rule). The Language menu, the dropdown, locale matching and the catalog tests (well-formed, no duplicates,
+  placeholders and ellipses agree, command ids exist, every row of a partial catalog is a string the UI
+  shows, the UI fonts have every glyph, no Simplified characters in `zh-hant`) pick it up. Set `complete_menus`
+  once every menu string and `tl!` literal is translated; `i18n::tests` then enforce it
+  (`VECTORCRAFT_I18N_DUMP=strings.txt cargo test -p vectorcraft-ui-egui dump_source_strings` lists them).
+- Translations are clean-room: written from the meaning of the English text in ordinary vocabulary, never
+  from another product's localisation resources. Product and technology names stay in Latin letters.
+- Not translated on purpose: status-bar messages and errors (agents and tests read them), names that are
+  user data (layers, swatches, fonts, documents), the tab title's colour mode. Not done yet: locale-aware
+  number and date formats, right-to-left layout, locale detection on the web. Chinese and Japanese UI text
+  is drawn with craft-fonts' BIZ UDPGothic when the build embeds it (see Fonts above), else with an installed
+  system font; the glyph test checks Latin-script catalogs always and the CJK ones only with craft-fonts.
+  A Traditional Chinese UI font is still to be added to craft-fonts for the web build.
+
 ## Vendor names gate
 
 `cargo xtask brands` (part of `cargo xtask ci`) fails when user-visible text names another vendor's products or company: string literals in Rust sources (command labels and params docs, menus, panels, MCP tool definitions), `Cargo.toml` descriptions and packaging files. Comments and test code are not checked. Say "the reference app" or name the feature itself. A line that must keep an old name, such as an alias that files or preferences from earlier versions still use, carries a `brand-ok` comment.