diff --git a/crates/engine/src/cmd/mod.rs b/crates/engine/src/cmd/mod.rs
index 2191f20db..26d3ba512 100644
--- a/crates/engine/src/cmd/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/engine/src/cmd/mod.rs
@@ -477,10 +477,12 @@ pub(crate) fn ok() -> Result<Value> {
 }
 
 /// Leaves whose appearance a paint command changes: groups and layers expand to their contents,
-/// and compound paths own their children's appearance.
+/// and compound paths own their children's appearance, so a member stands for its compound path
+/// (#3692), which is listed once.
 pub(crate) fn leaf_targets(s: &Session, ids: &[NodeId]) -> Result<Vec<NodeId>> {
     use vectorcraft_doc::NodeKind;
     let d = &s.doc()?.doc;
+    let compound = |id: NodeId| d.parent_of(id).filter(|p| matches!(d.node(*p).map(|n| &n.kind), Some(NodeKind::Compound { .. })));
     let mut out = vec![];
     for id in ids {
         let Some(n) = d.node(*id) else { continue };
@@ -490,11 +492,13 @@ pub(crate) fn leaf_targets(s: &Session, ids: &[NodeId]) -> Result<Vec<NodeId>> {
                     out.push(c.id)
                 }
             }),
-            _ => out.push(*id),
+            _ => out.push(compound(*id).unwrap_or(*id)),
         }
     }
     let comp: Vec<NodeId> = out.iter().filter(|id| matches!(d.node(**id).map(|n| &n.kind), Some(NodeKind::Compound { .. }))).copied().collect();
     out.retain(|id| !comp.iter().any(|c| d.parent_of(*id) == Some(*c)));
+    let mut seen = std::collections::HashSet::new();
+    out.retain(|id| seen.insert(*id));
     Ok(out)
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/engine/src/lib.rs b/crates/engine/src/lib.rs
index f5854d3e8..bcd8f58a3 100644
--- a/crates/engine/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/engine/src/lib.rs
@@ -2321,6 +2321,8 @@ mod tests_colormgmt;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests_colorthemes;
 #[cfg(test)]
+mod tests_compoundpaint;
+#[cfg(test)]
 mod tests_containers;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests_css;
diff --git a/crates/engine/src/tests_cmdsplit.rs b/crates/engine/src/tests_cmdsplit.rs
index 12e7f56d6..767b82b4c 100644
--- a/crates/engine/src/tests_cmdsplit.rs
+++ b/crates/engine/src/tests_cmdsplit.rs
@@ -77,6 +77,12 @@ fn leaf_targets_expand_groups_and_stop_at_compound_paths() {
     s.execute("select.set", &json!({"ids": [c.0, d.0]})).unwrap();
     let comp = id_of(&s.execute("object.compoundPath.make", &json!({})).unwrap());
     assert_eq!(leaf_targets(&s, &[comp]).unwrap(), vec![comp]);
+    // A member stands for its compound path, listed once (#3692).
+    let members: Vec<NodeId> = s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(comp).unwrap().children().into_iter().flatten().map(|m| m.id).collect();
+    assert_eq!(members.len(), 2);
+    assert_eq!(leaf_targets(&s, &[members[0]]).unwrap(), vec![comp]);
+    assert_eq!(leaf_targets(&s, &[members[0], comp, members[1]]).unwrap(), vec![comp]);
+    assert_eq!(leaf_targets(&s, &[members[1], members[0]]).unwrap(), vec![comp]);
     // `paint_targets` reads `ids`, then `id`, then the selection.
     assert_eq!(paint_targets(&s, &json!({"ids": [g.0]})).unwrap(), vec![a, b]);
     assert_eq!(paint_targets(&s, &json!({"id": comp.0})).unwrap(), vec![comp]);
diff --git a/crates/engine/src/tests_compoundpaint.rs b/crates/engine/src/tests_compoundpaint.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8c81ef2ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/engine/src/tests_compoundpaint.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+//! Fill and stroke given to a path of a compound path paint the compound path (#3692): the
+//! compound holds the paint, so a member's own appearance is never drawn.
+
+use serde_json::{Value, json};
+use vectorcraft_color::Paint;
+
+use super::*;
+
+fn run(s: &mut Session, id: &str, p: Value) -> Value {
+    s.execute(id, &p).unwrap()
+}
+
+fn rect(s: &mut Session, x: f64) -> NodeId {
+    NodeId(run(s, "shape.rectangle", json!({"x": x, "y": 0, "width": 40, "height": 40}))["id"].as_u64().unwrap())
+}
+
+/// A compound path of two black rectangles and a loose black rectangle → (compound, members, loose).
+fn compound() -> (Session, NodeId, Vec<NodeId>, NodeId) {
+    let mut s = Session::new();
+    run(&mut s, "file.new", json!({"width": 200, "height": 100}));
+    let (a, b) = (rect(&mut s, 0.0), rect(&mut s, 10.0));
+    run(&mut s, "select.set", json!({"ids": [a.0, b.0]}));
+    run(&mut s, "object.compoundPath.make", json!({}));
+    let compound = s.doc().unwrap().selection.objects[0];
+    let loose = rect(&mut s, 100.0);
+    run(&mut s, "paint.setFill", json!({"color": "#000000", "ids": [compound.0, loose.0]}));
+    run(&mut s, "paint.setStroke", json!({"color": "#000000", "ids": [compound.0, loose.0]}));
+    let doc = &s.doc().unwrap().doc;
+    let members: Vec<NodeId> = doc.node(compound).unwrap().children().into_iter().flatten().map(|m| m.id).collect();
+    assert_eq!(members.len(), 2);
+    (s, compound, members, loose)
+}
+
+/// The hex of `id`'s own top fill (`fill`) or stroke, `None` when it has none or it isn't solid.
+fn paint(s: &Session, id: NodeId, fill: bool) -> Option<String> {
+    match s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(id).unwrap().appearance.paint_at(None, fill)? {
+        Paint::Solid { color, .. } => Some(color.to_hex()),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+fn solid(hex: &str) -> Option<String> {
+    Some(hex.to_string())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_fill_given_to_a_member_id_paints_its_compound() {
+    let (mut s, compound, members, loose) = compound();
+    let member_paint = paint(&s, members[0], true);
+    run(&mut s, "paint.setFill", json!({"color": "#ff00ff", "ids": [members[0].0, members[1].0, loose.0]}));
+    assert_eq!(paint(&s, compound, true), solid("#ff00ff"), "the compound path takes the fill");
+    assert_eq!(paint(&s, loose, true), solid("#ff00ff"));
+    assert_eq!(paint(&s, members[0], true), member_paint, "the member's own appearance is left alone");
+    assert_eq!(paint(&s, compound, false), solid("#000000"), "the stroke stays");
+    run(&mut s, "edit.undo", json!({}));
+    assert_eq!(paint(&s, compound, true), solid("#000000"), "one undo step");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_stroke_given_to_a_selected_member_paints_its_compound() {
+    let (mut s, compound, members, _) = compound();
+    run(&mut s, "select.set", json!({"ids": [members[1].0]}));
+    run(&mut s, "paint.setStroke", json!({"color": "#00ff00"}));
+    assert_eq!(paint(&s, compound, false), solid("#00ff00"));
+    run(&mut s, "paint.setFill", json!({"color": "#0000ff"}));
+    assert_eq!(paint(&s, compound, true), solid("#0000ff"));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn the_members_of_one_compound_are_one_target() {
+    let (mut s, compound, members, _) = compound();
+    run(&mut s, "paint.setFill", json!({"color": "#ff0000", "ids": [compound.0]}));
+    // Swapped once per id, the two members would swap the compound path back.
+    run(&mut s, "paint.swap", json!({"ids": [members[0].0, members[1].0]}));
+    assert_eq!(paint(&s, compound, true), solid("#000000"), "swapped once, not once per member");
+    assert_eq!(paint(&s, compound, false), solid("#ff0000"));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_group_with_a_compound_still_paints_the_compound_once() {
+    let (mut s, compound, _, loose) = compound();
+    run(&mut s, "select.set", json!({"ids": [compound.0, loose.0]}));
+    let group = NodeId(run(&mut s, "object.group", json!({}))["id"].as_u64().unwrap());
+    run(&mut s, "paint.setFill", json!({"color": "#ff0000", "ids": [group.0]}));
+    run(&mut s, "paint.swap", json!({"ids": [group.0]}));
+    assert_eq!(paint(&s, compound, true), solid("#000000"));
+    assert_eq!(paint(&s, compound, false), solid("#ff0000"));
+    assert_eq!(paint(&s, loose, false), solid("#ff0000"));
+}