Commit Graph
3 Commits
Author SHA1 Message Date
PiohrunandClaude Opus 5.5 f65f733041 fix(render): faster sampled functions, image decodes across zoom levels and patch meshes (vendored hayro-interpret patches 31–33) (#2436)
* fix(render): sampled functions index a flat sample array (vendored hayro-interpret patch 31)

A Type 0 sampled function kept its samples in a HashMap keyed by each point of
its /Size grid (two SmallVecs per key, SipHash), and the renderer builds a
shading's functions again every time it is painted, so every paint hashed one
insert per sample. A 2,097,152-sample ramp painted 30 times took 38 s; the
pdf.js corpus's bug1721218 (InDesign) spent most of a 1.5 s page on it.

The samples now stay in stream order in one Vec, and a grid point is found by
strides (first input fastest). The interpolation keeps the same recursion and
arithmetic, so results are bit for bit the same, and a point the stream ended
before still gives no value. The repeated-paint page draws in well under a
second. The maximum sample value no longer computes 2^32 in a u32 (a panic with
overflow checks on at 32 bits per sample).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01MoEx9Nj8KC4WKDcf5YaokQ

* fix(render): one decode of an image serves every size it is drawn at (vendored hayro-interpret patch 32)

The decoded-image cache (patch 24) keyed each decode by the size the image is
drawn at, but only the JPX filter decodes a reduced resolution for a size:
every other filter decodes the whole image. So a JPEG or Flate scan missed the
cache at every zoom step, was decoded again, and was kept once per zoom level.

The key now carries the target size only when JPX decodes the image, its
/SMask or its /Mask (read from /Filter or /F, erring towards keeping the
target). `InterpreterCache::decoded_image_decodes` counts the cache's decodes;
the new test draws a Flate image at five sizes and sees one decode, and a
copy whose soft mask is JPX-encoded still decodes per size. Both assertions
fail with the old keying.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01MoEx9Nj8KC4WKDcf5YaokQ

* fix(render): patch meshes copy their vertices' colours less (vendored hayro-interpret patch 33)

A Coons or tensor-product patch is drawn as 722 triangles over a 20 x 20 grid
of points, and every vertex's colours (a SmallVec) were produced or copied up
to five times: each grid cell interpolated its four corners itself (1,444
interpolations a patch for 400 points), cloned all six vertices of its two
triangles, and the mesh sampler cloned each vertex again to move the triangle
into device space. Profiling page 8 of the annual report in #1584 put a
quarter of its time in those clones.

Each grid point's colours are now interpolated once, a cell's second triangle
takes the vertices its first copied, and the sampler moves a patch's freshly
made triangles instead of copying them (`TriangleSampler::sample_owned`; a
free-form triangle mesh, which the shading keeps, is still copied). The same
inputs give the same values: rendering the first three pages of every pdf.js
corpus file is byte for byte the same. Release build, Linux: report page 8
773 -> 696 ms, personwithdog.pdf 149 -> 129 ms, issue13520.pdf 104 -> 87 ms.

The new test pins the colours near each corner, at the centre and between them
for a Coons and a tensor-product patch (taken before the change); swapping two
vertices' grid points makes it fail.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01MoEx9Nj8KC4WKDcf5YaokQ

* docs: roadmap entries for faster sampled functions, image decodes and patch meshes

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01MoEx9Nj8KC4WKDcf5YaokQ

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-15 17:50:29 -06:00
f5c99ce059 Never crash: mesh shadings can't exhaust memory or run for minutes (#412)
* Never crash: mesh shadings can't exhaust memory or run for minutes

`cargo xtask fuzz` (with the dash, JBIG2 and decompression fixes in
place) found a page whose Coons patch shading (type 6), a 147-byte
stream with 1-bit coordinates decoded onto +-40000, took the renderer
past 3 GB. hayro-interpret samples mesh shadings (types 4-7) pixel by
pixel over each triangle's device-space bounding box into a map, with
nothing but the u16 cast bounding it: up to 65536 x 65536 entries for
one triangle. A synthetic single patch passed 6 GB in six seconds; ten
thousand triangles that each cover half a 1000 x 1000 page ran for
minutes. Two rounds of review of earlier versions found more: every
patch was cut into 722 triangles (about 150 KB) before anything limited
them; a lattice mesh with `/VerticesPerRow 0` pushed empty rows forever,
and one with 4294967295 read the whole stream into one row; a mesh
painted a thousand times was triangulated a thousand times; and the
first caps cut content without a word.

Vendored hayro-interpret patch (18):
- `ShadingPattern::encode_within(area)`: the vendored hayro renderer
  passes the area it will actually draw (the path's bounding box on the
  canvas, which it already computes) plus a pixel for texels at a
  fractional edge, and triangles are sampled only inside it, so the map
  holds at most that area's pixels.
- `TriangleSampler`: at most 8 visits per pixel of that area plus 4 per
  triangle in it. A triangle's bounding box is about twice its area and a
  sub-pixel triangle's is at most 2 x 2 pixels, so tiling meshes and
  small dense ones (a patch in a few pixels is 722 triangles) still
  shade completely; overlapping ones stop.
- Coons and tensor-product patches are triangulated one at a time.
- Meshes hold at most `MAX_MESH_PATCHES` (2^16; a 200 x 200 gradient
  mesh is 40 thousand) patches and `MAX_MESH_TRIANGLES` (2^20)
  triangles, and a lattice needs two (ISO 32000-2 8.7.4.5.6) to 2^19
  vertices per row.
- A page samples at most `MAX_PAGE_MESH_TRIANGLES` (2^25; the 200 x 200
  mesh is 29 million) mesh triangles in all, reset per page like the
  existing paint budget.
- Each of these cuts logs a warning.
`encode()` keeps its signature; with no area it samples within a fixed
2^24 visits.

Synthetic regression tests in render:
- `mesh_shadings_far_off_the_page_render`: a Coons patch and a triangle
  mesh decoded onto +-40000 render and the rest of the page draws; a
  patch on the page, the part of the huge one that covers it, and a
  patch filling a 4 x 4 pt rectangle as a pattern are all shaded.
- `many_overlapping_mesh_triangles_finish`: 10,000 triangles each
  covering half of a 1000 x 1000 page finish, and are drawn.
- `mesh_shadings_with_many_patches_or_no_rows_finish`: 40,000 patches
  beside the page, and a lattice with `/VerticesPerRow 0`.
Red on main (out of memory, killed at 3.9 GB). Each part is pinned by a
mutation: no visit budget stalls past 60 s; no clip leaves the covering
patch unshaded; no per-triangle allowance leaves the small patch
unshaded; triangulating all patches first runs out of memory (killed at
5.8 GB); no rows check runs out of memory.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

* Never crash: decompression bombs can't exhaust the renderer's memory

The renderer's parser (vendored hayro-syntax) decoded Flate, LZW and
RunLength streams with no output limit. A 2 MB page whose content
stream inflates to 2 GB, or whose 8 x 8 image does, took `pdfcraft-cli
render` and `text` past 3 GB in under a second, and a few more MB of
file scale it further. On the desktop that is the first-page render of
an emailed PDF, and the allocation-failure abort takes every open
document with it. Our own layers already bound single streams (lopdf's
load-time decoding at 256 MiB, cos at 1 GiB), so `info` stays at a few
MB; the renderer path didn't. Random mutation almost never makes a
high-ratio stream, so `cargo xtask fuzz` doesn't find this; found by
hand while triaging the fuzz run.

Vendored hayro-syntax patch (6):
- `decode_limit` gives each filter an output limit, and Flate (both
  flate2 and the fallback inflater), LZW and RunLength never write past
  it (the buffer can still grow to under twice it):
  `MAX_DECODED_STREAM`, 256 MiB, lopdf's figure; or, for the last filter
  of an image whose size, bits per component and components are known,
  twice its pixel bytes (a PNG predictor tag byte per byte at most),
  capped at 1 GiB. Earlier filters in a chain produce compressed data
  and get the general limit.
- `Stream::decoded_within(max)` for callers that budget.
- A page's `/Contents` array shares one `MAX_DECODED_STREAM` (naming one
  bomb twenty times decoded 5 GB), reserving exactly what it appends.

Vendored hayro-interpret patch (18):
- The content a page holds at once (its contents, and the forms, tiling
  patterns and Type 3 glyph procedures being painted) stays within
  `MAX_PAGE_CONTENT`, 512 MiB, reset per page like the existing paint
  budget. Forms nest fifty deep and each level kept its content while
  the next ran: a form painting itself around a 256 MiB stream would
  have held over 12 GB. Each level gives its bytes back when it is
  dropped, so content painted again and again keeps drawing, and a
  stream without filters (borrowed from the file) costs nothing.
- Type 0 sampled functions read every sample into a 4-byte value and
  then a table entry: 256 MiB of 1-bit samples asked for over 8 GB. They
  now take at most 2^21 table points and 2^23 values (the largest real
  tables, DeviceN tint transforms such as 33^4 points x 3 outputs, are
  1.2 million and 3.6 million), counted with checked arithmetic, and
  read no further than `/Size` asks. `/Size 0` no longer underflows
  building the default `/Encode`.

Three rounds of independent review found the aggregate cases, buffer
doubling past the limit, a chain/predictor shape the first image limit
would have truncated, the Type 0 amplifier, and a first, cumulative
budget that would have dropped legitimately repeated content, and a
first Type 0 cap low enough to refuse real tint transforms; all fixed
here.

Measured in a release build (render; OS peak commit):
- content stream inflating to 2 GB: 389 MB, 0.3 s
- 8 x 8 image inflating to 2 GB: 4 MB, 0.2 s
- /Contents naming it twenty times: 516 MB, 0.3 s
- a form painting itself around it: 644 MB, 0.4 s

Synthetic regression tests in render (flate2 is a new dev-dependency
there, already in the workspace):
- `decompression_bombs_stop_at_the_stream_limit`: 288 MiB bombs through
  flate2, the fallback inflater (a stored block with a wrong length
  check, which flate2 refuses and the fallback accepts), LZW and
  RunLength each decode exactly 256 MiB, and at most 128 bytes as an
  8 x 8 image.
- `page_contents_and_nested_forms_share_one_budget`: three /Contents
  references decode one stream's worth; a self-painting form finishes.
- `content_painted_again_and_again_keeps_drawing`: a 2 MiB form painted
  300 times draws the 300th time.
- `sampled_functions_with_billions_of_samples_are_refused`.
Ten mutations each turn them red: no limit at all; no limit in flate2,
the fallback, LZW, RunLength or for images; an unshared /Contents limit;
no page budget; no refund on drop; no Type 0 sample cap. (Taking a form
out of the budget no longer compiles: its content is the budget guard.)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

* M2: normalize JPEG2000 samples without overflowing

Use bounded integer sample scaling for 1-32-bit JPX images and reject empty dimensions before chunking. Cover public decoding and continued page rendering with synthetic regressions.

Co-Authored-By: OpenAI Codex <codex@openai.com>

* Never crash: decompression cut at its limit is logged, not silent; vendor README renumbered after #575

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-authored-by: Streetblock <github@streetblock.de>
Co-authored-by: OpenAI Codex <codex@openai.com>
Co-authored-by: Brandon Thomas <echelon@gmail.com>
2026-10-09 14:11:43 -04:00
Brandon Thomas 108fdc108c more progress, roadmap, wip 2026-09-30 11:00:02 -04:00