diff --git a/crates/audit/src/cover.rs b/crates/audit/src/cover.rs
index 3df666c19..516bb193d 100644
--- a/crates/audit/src/cover.rs
+++ b/crates/audit/src/cover.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 //! Positions compare lexicographically in paint order.
 
 use pdfcraft_content::{Matrix, Op, Pieces, parse};
-use pdfcraft_cos::{Dict, Document, Object};
+use pdfcraft_cos::{DecodeBudget, Dict, Document, Object};
 
 use crate::AuditError;
 
@@ -109,6 +109,8 @@ struct Walker<'a> {
     pieces: &'a Pieces,
     out: Vec<FilledRect>,
     ops_seen: usize,
+    /// Decoded bytes left for the page, its forms included: spending it fails the audit.
+    budget: DecodeBudget,
 }
 
 impl<'a> Walker<'a> {
@@ -272,7 +274,7 @@ impl<'a> Walker<'a> {
             .unwrap_or(Matrix::IDENTITY);
         let sub_resources = dict.get(b"Resources").map(|o| self.doc.resolve(o)).and_then(|o| o.as_dict().cloned()).unwrap_or_default();
         // A form stream that cannot be decoded fails the audit: it might hide a cover.
-        let data = stream.decoded_strict()?;
+        let data = self.budget.decode_strict(stream)?;
         let ops = parse(&data).ops;
         // The XObject matrix maps form space into the user space active at `Do`.
         let mut sub_gs = gs.clone();
@@ -304,7 +306,8 @@ fn ext_alpha(doc: &Document, resources: &Dict, name: &[u8]) -> f64 {
 /// Every opaque filled rectangle drawn by a page's content (and its form XObjects), with paint
 /// positions. A page's content streams are walked once, joined, with one graphics state, so
 /// state set in an earlier stream is still in force in the later ones. Any content stream that
-/// cannot be decoded is an audit failure, never an empty result.
+/// cannot be decoded, or content and forms that decode past one page's [`DecodeBudget`] in all,
+/// is an audit failure, never an empty result.
 pub fn filled_rects(doc: &Document, page: &Dict) -> Result<Vec<FilledRect>, AuditError> {
     let resources = page.get(b"Resources").map(|o| doc.resolve(o)).and_then(|o| o.as_dict().cloned()).unwrap_or_default();
     let contents: Vec<Object> = match page.get(b"Contents") {
@@ -314,15 +317,16 @@ pub fn filled_rects(doc: &Document, page: &Dict) -> Result<Vec<FilledRect>, Audi
             _ => vec![c.clone()],
         },
     };
+    let mut budget = DecodeBudget::page();
     let mut streams = Vec::with_capacity(contents.len());
     for c in &contents {
         if let Object::Stream(s) = &*doc.resolve(c) {
-            streams.push(s.decoded_strict()?);
+            streams.push(budget.decode_strict(s)?);
         }
     }
     let pieces = Pieces::join(&streams);
     let parsed = pieces.parse();
-    let mut w = Walker { doc, pieces: &pieces, out: Vec::new(), ops_seen: 0 };
+    let mut w = Walker { doc, pieces: &pieces, out: Vec::new(), ops_seen: 0, budget };
     let mut gs = Gs::default();
     let mut stack = Vec::new();
     w.walk_ops(&parsed.ops, &mut gs, &mut stack, &resources, 0, None)?;
diff --git a/crates/audit/src/tests.rs b/crates/audit/src/tests.rs
index 4ca3b0bf5..8155c6dec 100644
--- a/crates/audit/src/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/audit/src/tests.rs
@@ -592,3 +592,22 @@ fn reading_blocks_respect_stream_comments_and_split_operands() {
         assert_eq!(text, "Replacement text", "{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(s1));
     }
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn repeated_stream_references_share_one_decode_budget() {
+    use pdfcraft_cos::{Dict, Document, Object, Stream};
+    // One 1 MiB stream of spaces (a kilobyte on disk), named 300 times: by the page's /Contents,
+    // and by 300 draws of a form holding it.
+    let mut doc = Document::new_empty();
+    let spaces = doc.add(Stream::flate(Dict::new(), &vec![b' '; 1 << 20]));
+    let contents: Dict = [(b"Contents".to_vec(), Object::Array(vec![Object::Ref(spaces); 300]))].into_iter().collect();
+    assert!(crate::cover::filled_rects(&doc, &contents).is_err(), "repeated content streams");
+
+    let form_dict: Dict = [(b"Subtype".to_vec(), Object::Name(b"Form".to_vec()))].into_iter().collect();
+    let form = doc.add(Stream::flate(form_dict, &vec![b' '; 1 << 20]));
+    let draws = doc.add(Stream::from_raw(Dict::new(), "/X Do ".repeat(300).into_bytes()));
+    let xobjects: Dict = [(b"X".to_vec(), Object::Ref(form))].into_iter().collect();
+    let resources: Dict = [(b"XObject".to_vec(), Object::Dict(xobjects))].into_iter().collect();
+    let page: Dict = [(b"Contents".to_vec(), Object::Ref(draws)), (b"Resources".to_vec(), Object::Dict(resources))].into_iter().collect();
+    assert!(crate::cover::filled_rects(&doc, &page).is_err(), "repeated form draws");
+}