diff --git a/crates/raw/src/lib.rs b/crates/raw/src/lib.rs
index 3e5093d73..3a7f04a95 100644
--- a/crates/raw/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/raw/src/lib.rs
@@ -743,7 +743,10 @@ impl RawImage {
             return Err(RawError::Unsupported(format!("CFA pattern {}", c.name())));
         }
         let a = self.active_area;
-        if a.width == 0 || a.height == 0 || a.x + a.width > self.width || a.y + a.height > self.height {
+        // checked: a crop origin from a maker note can be `u64::MAX`, and `x + width` would wrap
+        // back inside the image here and again in `normalized`'s index arithmetic.
+        let fits = |x: usize, len: usize, limit: usize| x.checked_add(len).is_some_and(|end| end <= limit);
+        if a.width == 0 || a.height == 0 || !fits(a.x, a.width, self.width) || !fits(a.y, a.height, self.height) {
             return Err(RawError::Corrupt("active area outside image".into()));
         }
         Ok(())
@@ -893,6 +896,37 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(whole.develop_crop(8, 6), Rect::new(6, 4, 2, 2));
     }
 
+    /// A maker-note crop (`PEF` AOC / `ORF` ImageProcessing) with an origin of `u64::MAX` used to
+    /// pass the bounds check (`x + width` wraps to 0) and then index out of bounds in
+    /// `normalized`. It must be a `Corrupt` error at validate time instead.
+    #[test]
+    fn an_active_area_that_wraps_past_the_image_is_corrupt() {
+        let (w, h) = (12usize, 10usize);
+        let mut raw = RawImage {
+            format: RawFormat::Dng,
+            width: w,
+            height: h,
+            cpp: 1,
+            data: RawData::U16(vec![100; w * h]),
+            cfa: Cfa::bayer("RGGB"),
+            bits: 12,
+            black: BlackLevel::uniform(64.0),
+            white: vec![1023.0],
+            active_area: Rect::new(usize::MAX, 0, 1, 1),
+            crop: Rect::default(),
+            orientation: Orientation::Normal,
+            color: ColorData::default(),
+            wb_multipliers: None,
+            linearized: false,
+            opcodes: OpcodeLists::default(),
+            metadata: Metadata::default(),
+        };
+        assert!(raw.validate().is_err(), "`x + width` wrapped: the area is outside the image");
+        assert!(raw.normalized().is_err());
+        raw.active_area = Rect::new(0, 0, w + 1, h);
+        assert!(raw.validate().is_err(), "one past the last column is outside too");
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn black_levels() {
         let b = BlackLevel { repeat_rows: 2, repeat_cols: 2, values: vec![1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0], delta_h: vec![0.5, 0.0], delta_v: vec![0.0, 10.0] };
diff --git a/crates/raw/src/vendor/orf.rs b/crates/raw/src/vendor/orf.rs
index ea7f30eb7..31dd2d21b 100644
--- a/crates/raw/src/vendor/orf.rs
+++ b/crates/raw/src/vendor/orf.rs
@@ -285,7 +285,12 @@ pub(crate) fn decode(bytes: &[u8], mode: Mode) -> Result<RawImage> {
     let mn = maker_note(bytes, &tiff);
     let ip = mn.as_ref().and_then(|m| sub_ifd(bytes, m, IMAGE_PROCESSING));
     let active = match ip.as_ref().map(|i| CROP.map(|tag| i.u64(tag).map(|v| v as usize))) {
-        Some([Some(x), Some(y), Some(cw), Some(ch)]) if cw > 0 && ch > 0 && x + cw <= w && y + ch <= h => Rect::new(x, y, cw, ch),
+        // checked: the tags are file data; `x + cw` on a hostile value would wrap past the bounds
+        Some([Some(x), Some(y), Some(cw), Some(ch)])
+            if cw > 0 && ch > 0 && x.checked_add(cw).is_some_and(|end| end <= w) && y.checked_add(ch).is_some_and(|end| end <= h) =>
+        {
+            Rect::new(x, y, cw, ch)
+        }
         _ => Rect::new(0, 0, w, h),
     };
     let cfa = stated.unwrap_or_else(|| cfa_from_data(samples, w, active));
diff --git a/crates/raw/src/vendor/pef.rs b/crates/raw/src/vendor/pef.rs
index 49486be74..d8e84db99 100644
--- a/crates/raw/src/vendor/pef.rs
+++ b/crates/raw/src/vendor/pef.rs
@@ -249,7 +249,12 @@ pub(crate) fn decode(bytes: &[u8], mode: Mode) -> Result<RawImage> {
         tiff.exif().and_then(|e| e.get(t::MAKER_NOTE)).and_then(|e| makernote::parse_makernote(bytes, e.offset, e.count() as u64, tiff.order, &make));
     let pair = |tag: u16| mn.as_ref().and_then(|m| m.ifd.u64s(tag)).filter(|v| v.len() == 2).map(|v| (v[0] as usize, v[1] as usize));
     let tagged = match (pair(CROP_ORIGIN), pair(CROP_SIZE)) {
-        (Some((x, y)), Some((cw, ch))) if cw > 0 && ch > 0 && x + cw <= w && y + ch <= hgt => Some(Rect::new(x, y, cw, ch)),
+        // checked: the tags are file data; `x + cw` on a hostile value would wrap past the bounds
+        (Some((x, y)), Some((cw, ch)))
+            if cw > 0 && ch > 0 && x.checked_add(cw).is_some_and(|end| end <= w) && y.checked_add(ch).is_some_and(|end| end <= hgt) =>
+        {
+            Some(Rect::new(x, y, cw, ch))
+        }
         _ => None,
     };
     // without crop tags the image area is found from the samples (dark borders)