diff --git a/AGENTS.md b/AGENTS.md
index 24e9f1444..97e761616 100644
--- a/AGENTS.md
+++ b/AGENTS.md
@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ LightCraft is a clean-room, open-source, pure-Rust photo library + non-destructi
 ## Start every session here
 1. Read `plan/STATUS.md` (current milestone, next unchecked task, blockers).
 2. Read the task in `plan/execution-plan.md` §3, the relevant section of `plan/architecture.md`, and the README/docs of the crate you touch. Behaviour/visual reference: `plan/lightroom/` (incl. `10-observed-ui.md` + screenshots).
-3. Follow the autonomous operation protocol (`plan/execution-plan.md` §7). Don't stop to ask unless §7 lists the decision as the user's.
+3. **Pick work** from [`docs/parity.md`](docs/parity.md) → *Top gaps* (Lightroom parity tracker: one row per feature, menu item and shortcut). When you land a feature, update its row(s) and the gap list in the same commit; `cargo xtask parity` (part of `ci`) checks that every `cmd:`/`ctl:` id and path the tracker cites still exists, and `cargo xtask parity --write` refreshes its summary.
+4. Follow the autonomous operation protocol (`plan/execution-plan.md` §7). Don't stop to ask unless §7 lists the decision as the user's.
 
 `plan/` is gitignored (local-only).
 
@@ -59,6 +60,8 @@ and often so a crash loses minutes, not hours.
   `apps/lightcraft-cli/tests/`). New features need at least one test that would fail without them.
 - **Run the app after every user-visible change**: launch with `--control 7980`, drive it with a JSON-lines script
   (`docs/showcase/run.py file.jsonl`), take `ui.screenshot`, and look at it. Check `ui.inspect` → `perf`.
+- **Benchmarks:** `cargo xtask bench` (24 MP raw from corpus; CPU and GPU columns) appends to `target/bench/history.jsonl`
+  and flags CPU-time regressions > 20 % vs the previous run (`--strict` to fail). Run it before and after perf work.
 - **Measure, don't guess**: `LIGHTCRAFT_PROFILE=1` prints per-stage pipeline timings to stderr; time CLI renders
   with `/usr/bin/time`. Record numbers in `plan/STATUS.md` → Metrics. Budgets: slider update ≤ 16 ms (draft) / loupe
   ≤ 60 ms on ~2.5 MP; export ≤ 1 s per 24 MP JPEG.
@@ -67,4 +70,4 @@ and often so a crash loses minutes, not hours.
 ## Map of the code
 `geom`, `color`, `raster`, `tiff` (L0) → `raw`, `codecs`, `meta`, `develop` (L1) → `pipeline` → `catalog` → `engine`
 → `ui-egui`, `mcp` (L5) → apps `lightcraft` (desktop), `lightcraft-cli` (render/commands/MCP). `scenes` generates demo
-photos. `xtask` = tooling (`ci`, `layers`, `assets`, `wasm`, `corpus`, `stats`).
+photos. `xtask` = tooling (`ci`, `layers`, `assets`, `parity`, `wasm`, `corpus`, `stats`).
diff --git a/CLAUDE.md b/CLAUDE.md
index 40f492c7e..f46b6a188 100644
--- a/CLAUDE.md
+++ b/CLAUDE.md
@@ -42,6 +42,10 @@ and often so a crash loses minutes, not hours.
 ## Running and looking at the app
 - `cargo run --release -p lightcraft -- --control 7980` opens the desktop app with the JSON-lines control server (see `docs/control-protocol.md`).
 - For UI work, **look at the result**: drive via the control channel and take `ui.screenshot`, compare with `plan/lightroom/screenshots/`.
+- **Unattended (display asleep/locked, CI, nightly runs): prefer headless snapshots** — no window needed:
+  `lightcraft-cli snapshot --demo --script tour.jsonl -o out.png --size 1600x1000` (control-protocol requests,
+  one per line; see `docs/control-protocol.md` → Headless rendering). In a running app use
+  `ui.screenshot {"path": …, "headless": true}`; windowed screenshots fall back to headless after 2 s.
 - MCP: `lightcraft-cli mcp` (headless, `--demo` for the procedural library) or `lightcraft-cli mcp --connect` (drives
   the running app). See `docs/mcp.md`. Quick non-UI checks: `lightcraft-cli render in.jpg -o out.jpg --set light.exposure=1`.
 - Export goes through `lightcraft_engine::export` (one encoder for app, CLI, MCP and web); UI-only commands live in
@@ -55,6 +59,8 @@ and often so a crash loses minutes, not hours.
   `apps/lightcraft-cli/tests/`). New features need at least one test that would fail without them.
 - **Run the app after every user-visible change**: launch with `--control 7980`, drive it with a JSON-lines script
   (`docs/showcase/run.py file.jsonl`), take `ui.screenshot`, and look at it. Check `ui.inspect` → `perf`.
+- **Benchmarks:** `cargo xtask bench` (24 MP raw from corpus; CPU and GPU columns) appends to `target/bench/history.jsonl`
+  and flags CPU-time regressions > 20 % vs the previous run (`--strict` to fail). Run it before and after perf work.
 - **Measure, don't guess**: `LIGHTCRAFT_PROFILE=1` prints per-stage pipeline timings to stderr; time CLI renders
   with `/usr/bin/time`. Record numbers in `plan/STATUS.md` → Metrics. Budgets: slider update ≤ 16 ms (draft) / loupe
   ≤ 60 ms on ~2.5 MP; export ≤ 1 s per 24 MP JPEG.
diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index f22c48fa9..45d8dde24 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -2124,6 +2124,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "lightcraft-raw",
  "lightcraft-scenes",
  "log",
+ "rayon",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
  "thiserror 2.0.21",
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index c9ca6adbd..19493f0b6 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -206,6 +206,9 @@ lightcraft --control 7980 ~/Pictures/trip
   checked against the CPU pipeline to within 1/255. On a 24 MP raw (Apple M4 Pro): a slider update re-renders in
   ~4 ms, a cold 2.5 MP loupe in ~30 ms, and a full-size export in ~0.3 s including a parallel JPEG encode.
   Without a GPU the same pipeline runs on all CPU cores, redoing only the stages a slider affects.
+- **Instant culling.** Opening a raw shows its embedded camera preview or cached render within ~0.1 s while the
+  full render follows (~0.2–0.5 s for 24 MP); the next and previous photos are prepared in the background, so stepping
+  through a shoot takes ~50 ms per photo.
 - **Background rendering.** A worker pool renders the loupe, before/after and every visible thumbnail off the UI
   thread; drafts during drags, full quality on release.
 - **Local-first.** No account, no cloud, no telemetry, no subscription. Your catalog is an append-only log of
@@ -215,7 +218,9 @@ lightcraft --control 7980 ~/Pictures/trip
 
 ## Feature status
 
-LightCraft is young and moving fast — see the [roadmap](ROADMAP.md) for estimates.
+LightCraft is young and moving fast — see the [roadmap](ROADMAP.md) for estimates. The detailed, row-by-row
+Lightroom parity tracker — every feature, menu item and shortcut with its status, evidence and the top gaps — is
+[docs/parity.md](docs/parity.md).
 
 | Area | Status |
 |---|---|
diff --git a/apps/lightcraft-web/src/bench.rs b/apps/lightcraft-web/src/bench.rs
index 90b85af84..b1b976bfa 100644
--- a/apps/lightcraft-web/src/bench.rs
+++ b/apps/lightcraft-web/src/bench.rs
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ impl Bench {
         let idle = app.renderer.queued() == 0 && app.renderer.in_flight() == 0;
         match self.phase {
             Phase::Idle => {
-                let thumbs = app.renderer.textures.keys().filter(|s| matches!(s, Slot::Thumb(_))).count();
+                let thumbs = app.renderer.textures.keys().filter(|s| matches!(s, Slot::Thumb(_) | Slot::ThumbQuick(_))).count();
                 if idle && thumbs > 0 && self.frames > 3 {
                     self.thumbs_done_ms = Some(now - self.start_ms);
                     let first = app.session.visible().first().copied();
diff --git a/apps/lightcraft-web/src/store.rs b/apps/lightcraft-web/src/store.rs
index 4b395c57b..9d3e21997 100644
--- a/apps/lightcraft-web/src/store.rs
+++ b/apps/lightcraft-web/src/store.rs
@@ -161,6 +161,9 @@ impl Originals {
         let (l, p) = self.hooks();
         session.media.file_loader = Some(l);
         session.media.file_probe = Some(p);
+        let s = self.clone();
+        session.media.preview_loader =
+            Some(Arc::new(move |path: &str, max_edge: usize| lightcraft_engine::files::embedded_preview_srgb(&s.get(path)?, max_edge)));
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/apps/lightcraft-web/src/web.rs b/apps/lightcraft-web/src/web.rs
index f669ec268..00ef74ad9 100644
--- a/apps/lightcraft-web/src/web.rs
+++ b/apps/lightcraft-web/src/web.rs
@@ -158,6 +158,7 @@ fn services(originals: Originals, backend: Option<Backend>, ctx: egui::Context)
         png: Some(Box::new(|img: &lightcraft_raster::Rgba8| {
             lightcraft_codecs::encode_png(&lightcraft_codecs::EncodeImage::rgba8(img), &lightcraft_codecs::EncodeMeta::default()).unwrap_or_default()
         })),
+        reveal: None,
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/apps/lightcraft-web/src/workers.rs b/apps/lightcraft-web/src/workers.rs
index 27539f23d..9f282c164 100644
--- a/apps/lightcraft-web/src/workers.rs
+++ b/apps/lightcraft-web/src/workers.rs
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ impl Workers {
             w.dead = true;
             w.worker.terminate();
             if let Some(b) = w.busy.take() {
-                let r = RenderResult { photo: b.photo, level: b.level, key: b.key, rendered: Err(msg), loaded: None };
+                let r = RenderResult { photo: b.photo, level: b.level, key: b.key, rendered: Err(msg), loaded: None, quick: None };
                 g.done.push((b.slot, r, 0.0));
             }
         }
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ impl Workers {
         }
         g.affinity.insert((b.photo, b.level), i);
         g.remote_done += 1;
-        g.done.push((b.slot, RenderResult { photo: b.photo, level: b.level, key: b.key, rendered, loaded: None }, ms));
+        g.done.push((b.slot, RenderResult { photo: b.photo, level: b.level, key: b.key, rendered, loaded: None, quick: None }, ms));
     }
 
     /// The thumbnail index as JSON if it changed since the last call (the host saves it).
@@ -340,7 +340,14 @@ impl RenderOffload for Workers {
         {
             let image = Arc::unwrap_or_clone(img);
             let histogram = Histogram::of_srgb8(&image);
-            let r = RenderResult { photo: job.photo, level: job.level, key: job.key, rendered: Ok(Rendered { image, histogram }), loaded: None };
+            let r = RenderResult {
+                photo: job.photo,
+                level: job.level,
+                key: job.key,
+                rendered: Ok(Rendered { image, histogram }),
+                loaded: None,
+                quick: None,
+            };
             g.done.push((slot, r, 0.0));
             return None;
         }
diff --git a/apps/lightcraft/src/main.rs b/apps/lightcraft/src/main.rs
index 7200568ee..b2ad72362 100644
--- a/apps/lightcraft/src/main.rs
+++ b/apps/lightcraft/src/main.rs
@@ -82,6 +82,19 @@ fn save_prefs(app: &LightcraftApp) {
 
 fn services() -> Services {
     Services {
+        reveal: Some(Box::new(|path: &str| {
+            let status = if cfg!(target_os = "macos") {
+                std::process::Command::new("open").args(["-R", path]).status()
+            } else if cfg!(target_os = "windows") {
+                std::process::Command::new("explorer").arg(format!("/select,{path}")).status()
+            } else {
+                let dir = std::path::Path::new(path).parent().map(|d| d.to_string_lossy().to_string()).unwrap_or_else(|| ".".into());
+                std::process::Command::new("xdg-open").arg(dir).status()
+            };
+            status
+                .map_err(|e| e.to_string())
+                .and_then(|s| if s.success() || cfg!(target_os = "windows") { Ok(()) } else { Err(format!("reveal failed: {s}")) })
+        })),
         pick_files: Some(Box::new(|| {
             rfd::FileDialog::new()
                 .add_filter(
diff --git a/apps/lightcraft/src/native_menu.rs b/apps/lightcraft/src/native_menu.rs
index cfb1bd4e0..abba999f7 100644
--- a/apps/lightcraft/src/native_menu.rs
+++ b/apps/lightcraft/src/native_menu.rs
@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@ use muda::{CheckMenuItem, Menu, MenuEvent, MenuItem, PredefinedMenuItem, Submenu
 use serde_json::Value;
 
 const QUIT: &str = "app.quit";
+/// Keys whose meaning depends on the panel (X = reject or swap crop aspect, ⌫ = delete the photo
+/// or the active mask): left to the egui handler, which knows the context.
+const CONTEXTUAL: &[&str] = &["X", "Delete"];
 /// Shortcuts text fields need while they have focus.
 const TEXT_EDIT: &[&str] = &["Cmd+A", "Cmd+C", "Cmd+V", "Cmd+X", "Cmd+Z", "Cmd+Shift+Z"];
 
@@ -238,7 +241,7 @@ impl NativeMenu {
                     if self.items.contains_key(&key) {
                         continue; // muda ids must be unique
                     }
-                    let accel = shortcut.as_deref().and_then(accelerator);
+                    let accel = shortcut.as_deref().filter(|s| !CONTEXTUAL.contains(s)).and_then(accelerator);
                     let handle = match checked {
                         Some(c) => {
                             let it = CheckMenuItem::with_id(key.clone(), label_text(label), *enabled, *c, accel);
@@ -382,8 +385,8 @@ mod tests {
         for (_, v) in menu_bar(&app) {
             all(&v, &mut scs);
         }
-        for sc in scs {
-            assert!(accelerator(&sc).is_some(), "{sc}");
+        for sc in scs.iter().filter(|s| !CONTEXTUAL.contains(&s.as_str())) {
+            assert!(accelerator(sc).is_some(), "{sc}");
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/catalog/src/model.rs b/crates/catalog/src/model.rs
index 99d352943..5d4f46d9c 100644
--- a/crates/catalog/src/model.rs
+++ b/crates/catalog/src/model.rs
@@ -213,8 +213,21 @@ impl Photo {
             copy_name: None,
         }
     }
+    /// The develop settings import gives this photo (raws: as-shot white balance and the raw
+    /// defaults; embedded lens corrections on when the file has them).
+    pub fn import_defaults(&self) -> DevelopSettings {
+        let mut d = match self.as_shot_wb {
+            Some((t, tint)) => DevelopSettings::for_raw(t, tint),
+            None => DevelopSettings::default(),
+        };
+        if self.embedded_lens.is_some() {
+            d.optics.lens_profile = true;
+        }
+        d
+    }
+    /// Edited by the user: settings differ from what import gave the photo.
     pub fn is_edited(&self) -> bool {
-        !self.develop.is_unedited()
+        *self.develop != self.import_defaults() && !self.develop.is_unedited()
     }
     /// Capture time if known, else import time (sort key).
     pub fn date(&self) -> &str {
@@ -251,3 +264,22 @@ impl Album {
         self.smart.is_some()
     }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod edited_tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn raw_with_import_settings_is_not_edited() {
+        let mut p = Photo::new(PhotoId(1), Source::Demo { scene: 0 }, "a.arw", "ARW", 10, 10, "2026-10-01T00:00:00");
+        p.as_shot_wb = Some((5200.0, 4.0));
+        p.develop = Arc::new(p.import_defaults());
+        assert!(!p.is_edited(), "import look counts as unedited");
+        let mut d = (*p.develop).clone();
+        d.light.exposure = 0.5;
+        p.develop = Arc::new(d);
+        assert!(p.is_edited());
+        p.develop = Arc::new(DevelopSettings::default());
+        assert!(!p.is_edited(), "a full reset is unedited too");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/crates/codecs/src/jpeg_par.rs b/crates/codecs/src/jpeg_par.rs
index 7f1e1d20a..4483b0608 100644
--- a/crates/codecs/src/jpeg_par.rs
+++ b/crates/codecs/src/jpeg_par.rs
@@ -268,7 +268,8 @@ pub fn encode(
     let n = width * height;
     #[cfg(feature = "parallel")]
     use rayon::prelude::*;
-    let ncomp = if gray { 1 } else { 3 };
+    // 4:4:4: Y, Cb, Cr at full resolution in one pass; 4:2:0: Y here, chroma below straight from 2×2 RGB means
+    let ncomp = if gray || hs == 2 { 1 } else { 3 };
     let mut full: Vec<Vec<f32>> = (0..ncomp).map(|_| vec![0f32; n]).collect();
     {
         let rows: Vec<(usize, Vec<&mut [f32]>)> = {
@@ -283,6 +284,12 @@ pub fn encode(
                 }
                 return;
             }
+            if out.len() == 1 {
+                for (o, p) in out[0].iter_mut().zip(src.chunks_exact(channels)) {
+                    *o = 0.299 * p[0] as f32 + 0.587 * p[1] as f32 + 0.114 * p[2] as f32 - 128.0;
+                }
+                return;
+            }
             for (x, p) in src.chunks_exact(channels).enumerate() {
                 let (r, g, b) = (p[0] as f32, p[1] as f32, p[2] as f32);
                 out[0][x] = 0.299 * r + 0.587 * g + 0.114 * b - 128.0;
@@ -297,25 +304,28 @@ pub fn encode(
     }
     let mut it = full.into_iter();
     let mut planes = vec![Plane { w: width, h: height, data: it.next().unwrap_or_default() }];
-    for c in it {
-        if hs == 1 {
-            planes.push(Plane { w: width, h: height, data: c });
-            continue;
-        }
+    planes.extend(it.map(|c| Plane { w: width, h: height, data: c }));
+    if !gray && hs == 2 {
+        // conversion is linear: average RGB over 2×2 first, then convert once
         let (cw, ch) = (width.div_ceil(2), height.div_ceil(2));
-        let mut d = vec![0f32; cw * ch];
-        let down = |(cy, out): (usize, &mut [f32])| {
+        let (mut cb, mut cr) = (vec![0f32; cw * ch], vec![0f32; cw * ch]);
+        let down = |(cy, (ob, or)): (usize, (&mut [f32], &mut [f32]))| {
             let (y0, y1) = (2 * cy, (2 * cy + 1).min(height - 1));
-            for (cx, o) in out.iter_mut().enumerate() {
-                let (x0, x1) = (2 * cx, (2 * cx + 1).min(width - 1));
-                *o = 0.25 * (c[y0 * width + x0] + c[y0 * width + x1] + c[y1 * width + x0] + c[y1 * width + x1]);
+            let (r0, r1) = (&data[y0 * width * channels..], &data[y1 * width * channels..]);
+            for cx in 0..cw {
+                let (x0, x1) = (2 * cx * channels, (2 * cx + 1).min(width - 1) * channels);
+                let s = |k: usize| (r0[x0 + k] as f32 + r0[x1 + k] as f32 + r1[x0 + k] as f32 + r1[x1 + k] as f32) * 0.25;
+                let (r, g, b) = (s(0), s(1), s(2));
+                ob[cx] = -0.168_736 * r - 0.331_264 * g + 0.5 * b;
+                or[cx] = 0.5 * r - 0.418_688 * g - 0.081_312 * b;
             }
         };
         #[cfg(feature = "parallel")]
-        d.par_chunks_mut(cw).enumerate().for_each(down);
+        cb.par_chunks_mut(cw).zip(cr.par_chunks_mut(cw)).enumerate().for_each(down);
         #[cfg(not(feature = "parallel"))]
-        d.chunks_mut(cw).enumerate().for_each(down);
-        planes.push(Plane { w: cw, h: ch, data: d });
+        cb.chunks_mut(cw).zip(cr.chunks_mut(cw)).enumerate().for_each(down);
+        planes.push(Plane { w: cw, h: ch, data: cb });
+        planes.push(Plane { w: cw, h: ch, data: cr });
     }
 
     let ql = scaled_quant(&Q_LUMA, quality);
diff --git a/crates/engine/Cargo.toml b/crates/engine/Cargo.toml
index 59922a08e..dcaab9690 100644
--- a/crates/engine/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/engine/Cargo.toml
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ serde = { workspace = true }
 serde_json = { workspace = true }
 thiserror = { workspace = true }
 log = { workspace = true }
+rayon = { workspace = true }
 ab_glyph = { workspace = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
diff --git a/crates/engine/examples/render_bench.rs b/crates/engine/examples/render_bench.rs
index 8e0027f8c..c1cb9040f 100644
--- a/crates/engine/examples/render_bench.rs
+++ b/crates/engine/examples/render_bench.rs
@@ -88,6 +88,43 @@ fn main() {
     let n: usize = std::env::var("N").ok().and_then(|v| v.parse().ok()).unwrap_or(5);
     let only = std::env::var("ONLY").unwrap_or_default();
     let run = |name: &str| only.is_empty() || only.split(',').any(|o| name.contains(o));
+    if only == "source" {
+        // opening a photo: where the time goes before the first sharp loupe (per file)
+        for path in &args {
+            let bytes = std::fs::read(path).expect("read");
+            println!("{path}");
+            let raw = lightcraft_raw::decode(&bytes).expect("decode");
+            println!("  {}×{} cpp {} cfa {:?}", raw.width, raw.height, raw.cpp, raw.cfa.as_ref().map(|c| c.name()));
+            println!("  {:<36} {}", "raw decode:", best(n, || drop(lightcraft_raw::decode(&bytes).expect("decode"))));
+            println!("  {:<36} {}", "normalize:", best(n, || drop(raw.normalized().expect("norm"))));
+            let norm = raw.normalized().expect("norm");
+            println!("  {:<36} {}", "demosaic AHD:", best(n, || drop(lightcraft_raw::demosaic(&norm, lightcraft_raw::Method::Ahd))));
+            if let Some(k) = lightcraft_engine::files::bin_factor(&raw, 2560) {
+                println!("  {:<36} {}", format!("binned ×{k} (2560 preview):"), best(n, || drop(raw.develop_binned(k, 0.99))));
+                let img = raw.develop_binned(k, 0.99).expect("bin").expect("binnable");
+                let t = lightcraft_raw::color::camera_transform(&raw, lightcraft_raw::color::as_shot_white_xy(&raw));
+                println!(
+                    "  {:<36} {}",
+                    "highlight reconstruct (binned):",
+                    best(n, || {
+                        let mut i = img.clone();
+                        lightcraft_raw::highlight::reconstruct(&mut i, t.wb, 0.99);
+                    })
+                );
+                println!("  {:<36} {}", "clone (binned):", best(n, || drop(img.clone())));
+                println!("  {:<36} {}", "fit 2560 (binned):", best(n, || drop(fit(&img, 2560, 2560, Filter::Box))));
+            }
+            println!("  {:<36} {}", "embedded preview (2560):", best(n, || drop(lightcraft_engine::files::load_embedded_preview(&bytes, 2560))));
+            for edge in [512usize, 2560, usize::MAX] {
+                println!(
+                    "  {:<36} {}",
+                    format!("load_bytes({edge}):"),
+                    best(n, || drop(lightcraft_engine::files::load_bytes(&bytes, edge).expect("load")))
+                );
+            }
+        }
+        return;
+    }
     let (full, info) = match args.first() {
         Some(path) => {
             let bytes = std::fs::read(path).expect("read");
diff --git a/crates/engine/src/cmd/library.rs b/crates/engine/src/cmd/library.rs
index b2d0d4e5a..4cbfc22d3 100644
--- a/crates/engine/src/cmd/library.rs
+++ b/crates/engine/src/cmd/library.rs
@@ -292,30 +292,22 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             }
         ),
         // ---- albums
-        cmd!(
-            "album.create",
-            "New Album",
-            ["File"],
-            Some("Cmd+Shift+N"),
-            "{name, parent?: folderId, folder?: bool, addSelected?: bool}",
-            always,
-            |s, p| {
-                let name = str_param(p, "name").unwrap_or("Untitled Album").trim().to_string();
-                if name.is_empty() {
-                    return Err(bad("album.create", "empty name"));
-                }
-                let folder = bool_or(p, "folder", false);
-                let parent = p.get("parent").and_then(Value::as_u64).map(AlbumId);
-                let photos = if !folder && bool_or(p, "addSelected", false) { s.targets(&Value::Null) } else { vec![] };
-                let id = s.catalog.alloc_album_id();
-                let cover = photos.first().copied();
-                s.commit(
-                    if folder { "New Folder" } else { "New Album" },
-                    Op::AddAlbum { album: Album { id, name, parent, folder, photos, cover, smart: None } },
-                )?;
-                Ok(json!({"id": id.0}))
+        cmd!("album.create", "New Album", ["File"], None, "{name, parent?: folderId, folder?: bool, addSelected?: bool}", always, |s, p| {
+            let name = str_param(p, "name").unwrap_or("Untitled Album").trim().to_string();
+            if name.is_empty() {
+                return Err(bad("album.create", "empty name"));
             }
-        ),
+            let folder = bool_or(p, "folder", false);
+            let parent = p.get("parent").and_then(Value::as_u64).map(AlbumId);
+            let photos = if !folder && bool_or(p, "addSelected", false) { s.targets(&Value::Null) } else { vec![] };
+            let id = s.catalog.alloc_album_id();
+            let cover = photos.first().copied();
+            s.commit(
+                if folder { "New Folder" } else { "New Album" },
+                Op::AddAlbum { album: Album { id, name, parent, folder, photos, cover, smart: None } },
+            )?;
+            Ok(json!({"id": id.0}))
+        }),
         cmd!(
             "album.createSmart",
             "New Smart Album…",
diff --git a/crates/engine/src/files.rs b/crates/engine/src/files.rs
index f9d085227..884235016 100644
--- a/crates/engine/src/files.rs
+++ b/crates/engine/src/files.rs
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use lightcraft_pipeline::SourceInfo;
 use lightcraft_raster::Rgb32f;
 use lightcraft_raster::resample::{Filter, fit};
 
-use crate::media::{FileLoader, FileProbe, ProbeInfo};
+use crate::media::{FileLoader, FileProbe, PreviewLoader, ProbeInfo};
 
 fn meta_of(m: &lightcraft_meta::Metadata) -> (Meta, Option<String>) {
     let shutter = m.exposure_time.map(|t| if t >= 1.0 { format!("{t:.0}") } else { format!("1/{:.0}", 1.0 / t) }).unwrap_or_default();
@@ -167,8 +167,33 @@ pub fn probe_bytes(name: &str, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<ProbeInfo, String> {
     })
 }
 
+/// Sensor clip level (normalised) for highlight reconstruction.
+const HIGHLIGHT_CLIP: f32 = 0.99;
+
+/// The largest block size to bin a raw's mosaic by for a source of at most `max_edge` pixels:
+/// the binned image must keep at least 90 % of `max_edge` (a 16 MP sensor still bins 2× for the
+/// 2560 px preview). X-Trans can only bin 3× (its 6×6 pattern), and its full demosaic is ~5× the
+/// cost of Bayer's, so 3× is accepted down to 75 % (a 24 MP X-Trans preview is then ~2000 px
+/// instead of a ~1.2 s full demosaic; zooming in still uses the full-size source).
+/// `None` = demosaic at full size.
+pub fn bin_factor(raw: &lightcraft_raw::RawImage, max_edge: usize) -> Option<usize> {
+    let c = raw.crop.clipped(raw.active_area.width, raw.active_area.height);
+    let long = if c.width > 1 && c.height > 1 { c.width.max(c.height) } else { raw.active_area.width.max(raw.active_area.height) };
+    let need = (max_edge.saturating_mul(9) / 10).max(1);
+    let need3 = (max_edge.saturating_mul(3) / 4).max(1);
+    [8usize, 6, 4, 3, 2].into_iter().find(|&k| raw.can_bin(k) && (long / k >= need || (k == 3 && !raw.can_bin(2) && long / k >= need3)))
+}
+
 /// Decode a file into a linear Rec.2020 image no larger than `max_edge`, oriented.
+///
+/// Runs on a rayon worker: its many short parallel loops then start on the worker's own queue
+/// instead of each one waking the pool from outside and waiting for it (which costs more than the
+/// loops themselves when the machine is busy).
 pub fn load_bytes(bytes: &[u8], max_edge: usize) -> Result<(Rgb32f, SourceInfo), String> {
+    rayon::scope(|_| load_bytes_now(bytes, max_edge))
+}
+
+fn load_bytes_now(bytes: &[u8], max_edge: usize) -> Result<(Rgb32f, SourceInfo), String> {
     if lightcraft_raw::probe(bytes).is_some() {
         let mut raw = match lightcraft_raw::decode(bytes) {
             Ok(r) => r,
@@ -181,11 +206,26 @@ pub fn load_bytes(bytes: &[u8], max_edge: usize) -> Result<(Rgb32f, SourceInfo),
         // Embedded lens corrections are applied by the pipeline ("Enable Profile Corrections"), not baked in.
         let lens = embedded_lens(&raw);
         raw.opcodes.list3.retain(|op| !is_lens_opcode(op));
-        let method = if max_edge <= 600 { lightcraft_raw::Method::Bilinear } else { lightcraft_raw::Method::Ahd };
-        let mut img = raw.develop(method).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+        // Previews and thumbnails bin the mosaic straight to (about) the size they need; only
+        // larger levels (exports, 1:1) demosaic the whole sensor.
+        let t0 = std::time::Instant::now();
+        let binned = match bin_factor(&raw, max_edge) {
+            Some(k) => raw.develop_binned(k, HIGHLIGHT_CLIP).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?,
+            None => None,
+        };
+        let mut img = match binned {
+            Some(img) => img,
+            None => {
+                let method = if max_edge <= 600 { lightcraft_raw::Method::Bilinear } else { lightcraft_raw::Method::Ahd };
+                raw.develop(method).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?
+            }
+        };
+        let mut stages = vec![("develop", t0.elapsed())];
         let xy = lightcraft_raw::color::as_shot_white_xy(&raw);
         let t = lightcraft_raw::color::camera_transform(&raw, xy);
-        lightcraft_raw::highlight::reconstruct(&mut img, t.wb, 0.99);
+        stages.push(("transform", t0.elapsed()));
+        lightcraft_raw::highlight::reconstruct(&mut img, t.wb, HIGHLIGHT_CLIP);
+        stages.push(("highlights", t0.elapsed()));
         let m = t.matrix.to_f32();
         let gain = 2f32.powf(t.baseline_exposure as f32);
         let wb = t.wb;
@@ -197,7 +237,23 @@ pub fn load_bytes(bytes: &[u8], max_edge: usize) -> Result<(Rgb32f, SourceInfo),
                 ((m[2][0] * c[0] + m[2][1] * c[1] + m[2][2] * c[2]) * gain).max(0.0),
             ]
         });
-        let img = fit(&img, max_edge, max_edge, Filter::Box).oriented(raw.orientation);
+        stages.push(("colour", t0.elapsed()));
+        let img = fit(&img, max_edge, max_edge, Filter::Box);
+        stages.push(("fit", t0.elapsed()));
+        let img = img.oriented(raw.orientation);
+        stages.push(("orient", t0.elapsed()));
+        if lightcraft_pipeline::profiling() {
+            let mut prev = std::time::Duration::ZERO;
+            let parts: Vec<String> = stages
+                .iter()
+                .map(|(n, t)| {
+                    let d = *t - prev;
+                    prev = *t;
+                    format!("{n} {:.1}", d.as_secs_f64() * 1e3)
+                })
+                .collect();
+            eprintln!("[profile] raw source {}×{} (max {max_edge}, ms after decode): {}", img.width, img.height, parts.join(", "));
+        }
         let (temp, tint) = xy_to_temp_tint(xy);
         return Ok((img, SourceInfo { raw: true, as_shot_temp: temp.round(), as_shot_tint: tint.round(), lens }));
     }
@@ -235,6 +291,24 @@ pub fn load_embedded_preview(bytes: &[u8], max_edge: usize) -> Option<(Rgb32f, S
     Some((img.oriented(preview_orientation(bytes, d.orientation)), SourceInfo::default()))
 }
 
+/// The embedded preview of a raw file for display (sRGB, oriented, no larger than `max_edge`): the
+/// loupe and grid show it until the raw itself has been developed ([`crate::media::QuickJob`]).
+pub fn embedded_preview_srgb(bytes: &[u8], max_edge: usize) -> Option<lightcraft_raster::Rgba8> {
+    let jpeg = lightcraft_raw::embedded_preview(bytes)?;
+    let mut d = lightcraft_codecs::decode(&jpeg, lightcraft_codecs::DecodeOptions::fit(max_edge as u32, max_edge as u32)).ok()?;
+    if d.image.width.max(d.image.height) > max_edge {
+        d.image = fit(&d.image, max_edge, max_edge, Filter::Box);
+        d.alpha = None;
+    }
+    let o = preview_orientation(bytes, d.orientation);
+    Some(d.to_srgb8().oriented(o))
+}
+
+/// Filesystem-backed embedded-preview hook (native).
+pub fn fs_preview_loader() -> PreviewLoader {
+    Arc::new(|path: &str, max_edge: usize| embedded_preview_srgb(&std::fs::read(path).ok()?, max_edge))
+}
+
 /// Filesystem-backed hooks (native). On the web the host installs bytes-based hooks instead.
 pub fn fs_hooks() -> (FileLoader, FileProbe) {
     let loader: FileLoader = Arc::new(|path: &str, max_edge: usize| {
@@ -254,6 +328,7 @@ impl crate::Session {
         let (l, p) = fs_hooks();
         self.media.file_loader = Some(l);
         self.media.file_probe = Some(p);
+        self.media.preview_loader = Some(fs_preview_loader());
         self
     }
 }
@@ -289,4 +364,40 @@ mod tests {
         // no preview at all: a clear error, not a panic
         assert!(load_bytes(b"\0\0\0\x18ftypcrx \0\0\0\x01", 24).is_err());
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn quick_jobs_show_embedded_previews_then_cached_renders() {
+        use crate::media::QuickSource;
+        let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("lc-quick-{}", std::process::id()));
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).unwrap();
+        let path = dir.join("a.cr3");
+        std::fs::write(&path, cr3_with_preview(96, 64)).unwrap();
+        let mut s = crate::Session::new().with_fs();
+        let r = s.execute("library.import", &serde_json::json!({"paths": [path.to_string_lossy()]})).unwrap();
+        let id = lightcraft_catalog::PhotoId(r["imported"][0].as_u64().unwrap());
+        // loupe: an unedited raw opens on its embedded preview…
+        let q = s.quick_view_job(id, 1600, true).unwrap().run();
+        assert_eq!(q.quick, Some(QuickSource::Embedded));
+        let img = q.rendered.unwrap().image;
+        assert_eq!((img.width, img.height), (96, 64));
+        // …and once the loupe has rendered it, on that render (any size)
+        let full = s.loupe_job(id, 48, 32, true).unwrap().run();
+        assert!(full.rendered.is_ok() && full.quick.is_none());
+        let q = s.quick_view_job(id, 1600, true).unwrap().run();
+        assert_eq!(q.quick, Some(QuickSource::Cached));
+        assert_eq!(q.rendered.unwrap().image.width, 48);
+        // grid: embedded first, then the real thumbnail (final, with the thumbnail job's key)
+        let job = s.thumb_job(id, 128).unwrap();
+        let q = s.quick_thumb_job(&job).unwrap().run();
+        assert_eq!((q.quick, q.key), (Some(QuickSource::Embedded), job.key));
+        drop(job.clone().run());
+        assert_eq!(s.quick_thumb_job(&job).unwrap().run().quick, Some(QuickSource::Cached));
+        // an edited raw: no embedded stand-in (it wouldn't show the edit)
+        s.execute("library.select", &serde_json::json!({"ids": [id.0]})).unwrap();
+        s.execute("develop.set", &serde_json::json!({"control": "light.exposure", "value": 1.0})).unwrap();
+        let job = s.thumb_job(id, 128).unwrap();
+        assert!(s.quick_thumb_job(&job).is_none());
+        assert_eq!(s.quick_view_job(id, 1600, true).unwrap().run().quick, Some(QuickSource::Small));
+        let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/crates/engine/src/import.rs b/crates/engine/src/import.rs
index e255b0e00..e07199d68 100644
--- a/crates/engine/src/import.rs
+++ b/crates/engine/src/import.rs
@@ -57,6 +57,18 @@ pub struct ImportReport {
     pub sidecars: usize,
 }
 
+/// The develop settings a photo gets on import: raws start from their as-shot white balance with
+/// default sharpening / colour noise reduction, and file-embedded lens corrections on (as the
+/// camera intended).
+pub fn import_defaults(p: &Photo) -> lightcraft_develop::DevelopSettings {
+    p.import_defaults()
+}
+
+/// Does the photo still look as imported (its embedded camera preview is then a fair stand-in)?
+pub fn has_import_look(p: &Photo) -> bool {
+    *p.develop == import_defaults(p)
+}
+
 pub fn is_supported(path: &Path) -> bool {
     path.extension().is_some_and(|e| EXTENSIONS.contains(&e.to_string_lossy().to_lowercase().as_str()))
 }
@@ -223,14 +235,8 @@ pub fn import(s: &mut Session, paths: &[String], mode: ImportMode) -> crate::Res
         p.meta = info.meta;
         p.as_shot_wb = info.as_shot_wb;
         p.content_hash = info.content_hash;
-        if let Some((t, tint)) = info.as_shot_wb {
-            p.develop = std::sync::Arc::new(lightcraft_develop::DevelopSettings::for_raw(t, tint));
-        }
         p.embedded_lens = info.embedded_lens;
-        if p.embedded_lens.is_some() {
-            // built-in (file-embedded) lens corrections are on by default, like the camera intended
-            std::sync::Arc::make_mut(&mut p.develop).optics.lens_profile = true;
-        }
+        p.develop = std::sync::Arc::new(import_defaults(&p));
         let raw = p.kind == lightcraft_catalog::MediaKind::Raw;
         let packet = crate::sidecar::find_sidecar(&path, s.xmp.naming)
             .and_then(|f| std::fs::read_to_string(f).ok())
diff --git a/crates/engine/src/lib.rs b/crates/engine/src/lib.rs
index 71f2fe37a..25efe8757 100644
--- a/crates/engine/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/engine/src/lib.rs
@@ -94,6 +94,8 @@ pub struct Session {
     pub library: Option<library::Library>,
     /// XMP sidecar preferences (persisted with the library).
     pub xmp: sidecar::XmpPrefs,
+    /// Parameters of the last export (`app.export` params, minus targets), persisted in prefs.json.
+    pub last_export: Option<serde_json::Value>,
 }
 
 impl Default for Session {
@@ -126,6 +128,7 @@ impl Session {
             active_mask: None,
             library: None,
             xmp: sidecar::XmpPrefs::default(),
+            last_export: None,
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/crates/engine/src/library.rs b/crates/engine/src/library.rs
index d0fd0ac3b..5225a00a5 100644
--- a/crates/engine/src/library.rs
+++ b/crates/engine/src/library.rs
@@ -99,6 +99,8 @@ impl Library {
 #[serde(default)]
 struct PrefsFile {
     xmp: crate::sidecar::XmpPrefs,
+    /// Parameters of the last export (for Export with Previous).
+    last_export: Option<serde_json::Value>,
 }
 
 fn presets_json(presets: &[Preset]) -> String {
@@ -151,7 +153,9 @@ impl Session {
             }
         }
         // preferences
-        self.xmp = read_json::<PrefsFile>(files.as_mut(), "prefs.json").map(|p| p.xmp).unwrap_or_default();
+        let prefs = read_json::<PrefsFile>(files.as_mut(), "prefs.json").unwrap_or_default();
+        self.xmp = prefs.xmp;
+        self.last_export = prefs.last_export;
         // view state
         if let Some(v) = read_json::<ViewFile>(files.as_mut(), "view.json") {
             self.source = v.source;
@@ -248,7 +252,7 @@ impl Session {
 
     /// Save the library preferences (no-op for in-memory sessions).
     pub fn save_prefs(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
-        let v = serde_json::to_vec_pretty(&PrefsFile { xmp: self.xmp }).unwrap_or_default();
+        let v = serde_json::to_vec_pretty(&PrefsFile { xmp: self.xmp, last_export: self.last_export.clone() }).unwrap_or_default();
         let Some(lib) = self.library.as_mut() else { return Ok(()) };
         lib.files.write_atomic("prefs.json", &v).map_err(|e| EngineError::Other(format!("prefs: {e}")))
     }
diff --git a/crates/engine/src/media.rs b/crates/engine/src/media.rs
index 869357ea3..bb97fc8e0 100644
--- a/crates/engine/src/media.rs
+++ b/crates/engine/src/media.rs
@@ -10,6 +10,11 @@
 //! disk cache in the library's `thumbs/` folder), keyed by the photo's content hash, the develop
 //! settings hash, the size and [`RENDER_CACHE_VERSION`] — so reopening a library shows its grid
 //! without decoding a single original, and an edit simply produces a new key.
+//!
+//! Opening a photo shows something at once ([`QuickJob`]): the loupe's last render for the current
+//! settings (kept in the same cache under a size-independent "view" key), else the camera's
+//! embedded JPEG for an unedited raw, else a thumbnail-level render — while the real render is
+//! prepared. Grid thumbnails of unedited raws likewise start from the embedded preview.
 
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
@@ -17,7 +22,7 @@ use lightcraft_catalog::{MediaKind, Photo, PhotoId, Source};
 use lightcraft_develop::DevelopSettings;
 use lightcraft_pipeline::{Quality, RenderRequest, Rendered, SourceInfo, StageCache};
 use lightcraft_preview::{Hash128, Hasher128, Lru, PreviewCache};
-use lightcraft_raster::{Histogram, Rgb32f};
+use lightcraft_raster::{Histogram, Rgb32f, Rgba8};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
 /// Bump when the pipeline's output changes, to invalidate cached thumbnails.
@@ -62,6 +67,10 @@ impl SourceLevel {
 /// Decodes a file into a linear Rec.2020 image no larger than `max_edge` (set by the app).
 pub type FileLoader = Arc<dyn Fn(&str, usize) -> Result<(Rgb32f, SourceInfo), String> + Send + Sync>;
 
+/// A raw file's embedded (camera-rendered) preview as display sRGB, oriented, no larger than
+/// `max_edge` (set by the app). `None`: no usable preview.
+pub type PreviewLoader = Arc<dyn Fn(&str, usize) -> Option<Rgba8> + Send + Sync>;
+
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub enum SourceRef {
     Loaded(Arc<Rgb32f>),
@@ -92,6 +101,7 @@ pub struct MediaCache {
     pub preview_capacity: usize,
     pub file_loader: Option<FileLoader>,
     pub file_probe: Option<FileProbe>,
+    pub preview_loader: Option<PreviewLoader>,
     scenes: Vec<lightcraft_scenes::Scene>,
     /// Rendered thumbnails (memory, plus disk once a library is attached).
     pub rendered: Arc<PreviewCache>,
@@ -106,6 +116,7 @@ impl Default for MediaCache {
             preview_capacity: 0,
             file_loader: None,
             file_probe: None,
+            preview_loader: None,
             scenes: Vec::new(),
             rendered: Arc::new(PreviewCache::memory(RENDERED_MEM_BYTES)),
         }
@@ -135,7 +146,7 @@ impl MediaCache {
             SourceLevel::Preview => {
                 self.previews.retain(|(p, _)| *p != id);
                 self.previews.push((id, img));
-                let cap = if self.preview_capacity == 0 { 10 } else { self.preview_capacity };
+                let cap = if self.preview_capacity == 0 { 4 } else { self.preview_capacity };
                 while self.previews.len() > cap {
                     self.previews.remove(0);
                 }
@@ -207,6 +218,8 @@ pub struct RenderJob {
     /// Intermediate results of this view's previous renders (set by the frontend for the loupe):
     /// slider drags then only redo the stages the changed setting feeds.
     pub stages: Option<Arc<StageCache>>,
+    /// Keep a full-quality result here as the photo's view preview ([`crate::Session::loupe_job`]).
+    pub view_cache: Option<(Arc<PreviewCache>, Hash128)>,
 }
 
 pub struct RenderResult {
@@ -216,6 +229,8 @@ pub struct RenderResult {
     pub rendered: Result<Rendered, String>,
     /// A source that was loaded by this job (to be inserted into the cache).
     pub loaded: Option<Arc<Rgb32f>>,
+    /// Set for a [`QuickJob`]'s stand-in: where the image came from.
+    pub quick: Option<QuickSource>,
 }
 
 impl RenderJob {
@@ -240,7 +255,14 @@ impl RenderJob {
         {
             let image = Arc::unwrap_or_clone(img);
             let histogram = Histogram::of_srgb8(&image);
-            return RenderResult { photo: self.photo, level: self.level, key: self.key, rendered: Ok(Rendered { image, histogram }), loaded: None };
+            return RenderResult {
+                photo: self.photo,
+                level: self.level,
+                key: self.key,
+                rendered: Ok(Rendered { image, histogram }),
+                loaded: None,
+                quick: None,
+            };
         }
         let was_loaded = matches!(self.source, SourceRef::Loaded(_));
         match self.source.load() {
@@ -252,9 +274,21 @@ impl RenderJob {
                 if let Some((cache, key)) = &self.cache {
                     cache.put(*key, Arc::new(rendered.image.clone()));
                 }
-                RenderResult { photo: self.photo, level: self.level, key: self.key, rendered: Ok(rendered), loaded: (!was_loaded).then_some(src) }
+                if let Some((cache, key)) = &self.view_cache
+                    && self.request.quality == Quality::Full
+                {
+                    cache.put_deferred(*key, Arc::new(rendered.image.clone()));
+                }
+                RenderResult {
+                    photo: self.photo,
+                    level: self.level,
+                    key: self.key,
+                    rendered: Ok(rendered),
+                    loaded: (!was_loaded).then_some(src),
+                    quick: None,
+                }
             }
-            Err(e) => RenderResult { photo: self.photo, level: self.level, key: self.key, rendered: Err(e), loaded: None },
+            Err(e) => RenderResult { photo: self.photo, level: self.level, key: self.key, rendered: Err(e), loaded: None, quick: None },
         }
     }
 }
@@ -272,6 +306,58 @@ pub fn develop(src: &Arc<Rgb32f>, info: &SourceInfo, s: &DevelopSettings, req: &
     }
 }
 
+/// Where a [`QuickJob`]'s stand-in image came from.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub enum QuickSource {
+    /// The photo's own develop render for its current settings (cached view or thumbnail render).
+    Cached,
+    /// The camera's embedded JPEG (unedited raws).
+    Embedded,
+    /// A thumbnail-level develop render made for the occasion.
+    Small,
+}
+
+/// Something to show *now* for a photo while its real render is prepared. Tried in order: cached
+/// renders, the embedded preview of an unedited raw, a thumbnail-level render.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct QuickJob {
+    pub photo: PhotoId,
+    pub key: u64,
+    /// Cached renders to try first, in order: (cache, key).
+    pub cached: Vec<(Arc<PreviewCache>, Hash128)>,
+    /// Embedded preview of an unedited raw: (path, loader, max edge).
+    pub embedded: Option<(String, PreviewLoader, usize)>,
+    /// Last resort: run this thumbnail job.
+    pub small: Option<Box<RenderJob>>,
+}
+
+impl QuickJob {
+    pub fn run(self) -> RenderResult {
+        let (photo, key) = (self.photo, self.key);
+        let done = |rendered: Result<Rendered, String>, quick| RenderResult { photo, level: SourceLevel::Thumb, key, rendered, loaded: None, quick };
+        let rendered = |image: Rgba8| {
+            let histogram = Histogram::of_srgb8(&image);
+            Ok(Rendered { image, histogram })
+        };
+        for (cache, k) in &self.cached {
+            if let Some(img) = cache.get(*k) {
+                return done(rendered(Arc::unwrap_or_clone(img)), Some(QuickSource::Cached));
+            }
+        }
+        if let Some((path, loader, edge)) = &self.embedded
+            && let Some(image) = loader(path, *edge)
+        {
+            return done(rendered(image), Some(QuickSource::Embedded));
+        }
+        if let Some(job) = self.small {
+            let r = job.run();
+            return RenderResult { key, quick: Some(QuickSource::Small), ..r };
+        }
+        done(Err("no quick preview".into()), None)
+    }
+}
+
 /// What identifies a photo's pixels for caching: its content hash, else its source.
 pub fn content_key(p: &Photo) -> String {
     match (&p.content_hash, &p.source) {
@@ -332,7 +418,71 @@ impl crate::Session {
             let k = Hasher128::new().str(&content_key(&p)).u64(settings.hash64()).u64(b as u64).u64(RENDER_CACHE_VERSION).finish();
             (self.media.rendered.clone(), k)
         });
-        Some(RenderJob { photo: id, level, source, origin: p.source.clone(), info: source_info(&p), settings, request, key, cache, stages: None })
+        Some(RenderJob {
+            photo: id,
+            level,
+            source,
+            origin: p.source.clone(),
+            info: source_info(&p),
+            settings,
+            request,
+            key,
+            cache,
+            stages: None,
+            view_cache: None,
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Size-independent cache key of a photo's view render (loupe) for its current settings.
+    fn view_key(p: &Photo, apply_crop: bool) -> Hash128 {
+        Hasher128::new().str(&content_key(p)).str("view").u64(p.develop.hash64()).u64(apply_crop as u64).u64(RENDER_CACHE_VERSION).finish()
+    }
+
+    /// The loupe's render job: like [`Self::render_job`], and a full-quality result is kept as the
+    /// photo's view preview (memory, and disk with a library) for [`Self::quick_view_job`].
+    pub fn loupe_job(&mut self, id: PhotoId, max_w: usize, max_h: usize, apply_crop: bool) -> Option<RenderJob> {
+        let mut job = self.render_job(id, max_w, max_h, false, apply_crop)?;
+        let p = self.catalog.photo(id)?;
+        job.view_cache = Some((self.media.rendered.clone(), Self::view_key(p, apply_crop)));
+        Some(job)
+    }
+
+    /// The embedded preview of an unedited raw (path, loader), when the app installed a loader.
+    fn embedded_of(&self, p: &Photo) -> Option<(String, PreviewLoader)> {
+        match (&p.source, &self.media.preview_loader) {
+            (Source::File { path }, Some(l)) if p.kind == MediaKind::Raw && crate::import::has_import_look(p) => Some((path.clone(), l.clone())),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Something to show in the loupe right away for `id` (see [`QuickJob`]): its cached view
+    /// render, else the embedded preview of an unedited raw, else a cached or fresh thumbnail.
+    pub fn quick_view_job(&mut self, id: PhotoId, max_edge: usize, apply_crop: bool) -> Option<QuickJob> {
+        let p = self.catalog.photo(id)?.clone();
+        let small = self.thumb_job(id, THUMB_SIZES[THUMB_SIZES.len() - 1])?;
+        // (the thumbnail job itself starts with the cached thumbnail, after the sharper embedded preview)
+        let cached = vec![(self.media.rendered.clone(), Self::view_key(&p, apply_crop))];
+        let h = Hasher128::new().str(&content_key(&p)).str("quick").u64(p.develop.hash64()).u64(apply_crop as u64).finish();
+        let key = h.0 as u64;
+        let embedded = self.embedded_of(&p).map(|(path, l)| (path, l, max_edge.clamp(1, SourceLevel::Preview.max_edge())));
+        Some(QuickJob { photo: id, key, cached, embedded, small: apply_crop.then(|| Box::new(small)) })
+    }
+
+    /// A first grid thumbnail for an unedited raw: the cached render for `job` (the real
+    /// thumbnail job, from [`Self::thumb_job`]) if there is one — then the result carries
+    /// [`QuickSource::Cached`] and `job.key` and is final — else its embedded preview. `None` for
+    /// other photos (render them directly).
+    pub fn quick_thumb_job(&mut self, job: &RenderJob) -> Option<QuickJob> {
+        let p = self.catalog.photo(job.photo)?.clone();
+        let (path, l) = self.embedded_of(&p)?;
+        let edge = job.request.max_w.max(job.request.max_h);
+        Some(QuickJob {
+            photo: job.photo,
+            key: job.key,
+            cached: job.cache.clone().into_iter().collect(),
+            embedded: Some((path, l, edge)),
+            small: None,
+        })
     }
 
     /// Accept a finished job's loaded source into the cache.
diff --git a/crates/gpu/src/lib.rs b/crates/gpu/src/lib.rs
index bdfd5b3ea..ee88430b4 100644
--- a/crates/gpu/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/gpu/src/lib.rs
@@ -55,15 +55,40 @@ fn env_disabled() -> bool {
     *OFF.get_or_init(|| std::env::var("LIGHTCRAFT_GPU").is_ok_and(|v| matches!(v.trim(), "0" | "off" | "false" | "no")))
 }
 
+#[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+static GPU: std::sync::OnceLock<Option<ctx::Gpu>> = std::sync::OnceLock::new();
+
 #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
 pub(crate) fn device() -> Option<&'static ctx::Gpu> {
-    static GPU: std::sync::OnceLock<Option<ctx::Gpu>> = std::sync::OnceLock::new();
     if env_disabled() {
         return None;
     }
     GPU.get_or_init(|| std::panic::catch_unwind(ctx::Gpu::new).ok().flatten()).as_ref()
 }
 
+/// Create the device and compile the kernels on a background thread now (app start), so the
+/// first render doesn't wait ~0.3–0.4 s for it and the UI thread never does.
+pub fn warm_up() {
+    #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+    if !env_disabled() && GPU.get().is_none() {
+        let _ = std::thread::Builder::new().name("lc-gpu-init".into()).spawn(|| {
+            let _ = device();
+        });
+    }
+}
+
+/// Has device creation finished (successfully or not)? Never blocks — for status displays.
+pub fn ready() -> bool {
+    #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+    {
+        env_disabled() || GPU.get().is_some()
+    }
+    #[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
+    {
+        true
+    }
+}
+
 /// Whether a usable GPU adapter exists and GPU rendering is enabled (creates the device on first
 /// use).
 pub fn available() -> bool {
diff --git a/crates/pipeline/src/lib.rs b/crates/pipeline/src/lib.rs
index 3ccee51ba..4ba0d886f 100644
--- a/crates/pipeline/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/pipeline/src/lib.rs
@@ -351,9 +351,8 @@ pub(crate) fn is_bw(s: &DevelopSettings) -> bool {
     s.treatment == Treatment::Bw || s.profile.id == "lc.mono"
 }
 
-/// Parallel map over output rows with index.
 /// `LIGHTCRAFT_PROFILE` is set: print per-stage timings to stderr.
-pub(crate) fn profiling() -> bool {
+pub fn profiling() -> bool {
     static ON: std::sync::OnceLock<bool> = std::sync::OnceLock::new();
     *ON.get_or_init(|| std::env::var_os("LIGHTCRAFT_PROFILE").is_some())
 }
diff --git a/crates/preview/src/lib.rs b/crates/preview/src/lib.rs
index 5fdcfc5e4..5490194e4 100644
--- a/crates/preview/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/preview/src/lib.rs
@@ -63,6 +63,28 @@ impl PreviewCache {
         self.mem.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).insert(key, img, c);
     }
 
+    /// Like [`Self::put`], but the disk write (a JPEG encode) happens on a background thread, so
+    /// the caller (a render about to hand its result to the screen) isn't held up.
+    pub fn put_deferred(self: &Arc<Self>, key: Hash128, img: Arc<Rgba8>) {
+        let c = cost(&img);
+        self.mem.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).insert(key, img.clone(), c);
+        if self.disk.is_none() {
+            return;
+        }
+        let me = self.clone();
+        let write = move || {
+            if let Some(d) = &me.disk {
+                d.put(key, &img);
+            }
+        };
+        #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+        if std::thread::Builder::new().name("lc-preview-write".into()).spawn(write).is_err() {
+            log::warn!("preview cache: could not start a writer thread");
+        }
+        #[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
+        write();
+    }
+
     /// Drop everything (memory and disk).
     pub fn clear(&self) {
         self.mem.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).clear();
diff --git a/crates/raw/src/binned.rs b/crates/raw/src/binned.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fde6c2c0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/raw/src/binned.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+//! Reduced-size development straight from the mosaic ("superpixel" binning).
+//!
+//! When the caller needs an image at most half (or a third, a quarter…) of the sensor size — a
+//! 2560 px loupe preview or a grid thumbnail of a 24 MP raw — demosaicing the full mosaic and then
+//! downscaling throws most of the work away. Instead every `k × k` block of CFA samples becomes one
+//! output pixel whose channels are the means of the block's samples of that colour. Every block must
+//! contain all three colours (Bayer: `k` even; X-Trans: `k` a multiple of 3). There is no
+//! interpolation, so there are no demosaicing artefacts; the colour planes are offset by less than
+//! one output pixel, which is invisible at these scales.
+//!
+//! Clipping is preserved for [`crate::highlight::reconstruct`]: a channel whose block contains a
+//! sample at or above `clip` takes that block's maximum sample of the colour (instead of a mean that
+//! would fall just below the clip level and escape reconstruction).
+
+use crate::{Normalized, RawData, RawImage, Result, Rgb32f};
+use rayon::prelude::*;
+
+impl RawImage {
+    /// Can `k × k` blocks be binned (single-plane CFA data, every `k × k` window containing R, G
+    /// and B; Bayer: `k` even, so that every block has the same layout)?
+    pub fn can_bin(&self, k: usize) -> bool {
+        let Some(cfa) = &self.cfa else { return false };
+        if k < 2 || self.cpp != 1 || !cfa.valid() || (cfa.is_bayer() && !k.is_multiple_of(2)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        // every window position relative to the pattern
+        (0..cfa.height).all(|j| (0..cfa.width).all(|i| block_layout(cfa, i, j, k).1.iter().all(|&n| n > 0)))
+    }
+
+    /// Like [`RawImage::develop`] at `1/k` of the size (camera RGB, white = 1.0, default crop applied,
+    /// not oriented). `None` when the data cannot be binned ([`RawImage::can_bin`]) or carries an
+    /// `OpcodeList3` (whose operations are defined at full resolution); callers then demosaic.
+    pub fn develop_binned(&self, k: usize, clip: f32) -> Result<Option<Rgb32f>> {
+        self.validate()?;
+        if !self.can_bin(k) || !self.opcodes.list3.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+        let Some(cfa) = &self.cfa else { return Ok(None) };
+        let a = self.active_area;
+        // bin the default crop (relative to the active area) only
+        let c = self.crop.clipped(a.width, a.height);
+        let c = if c.width < k || c.height < k { crate::Rect::new(0, 0, a.width, a.height) } else { c };
+        let (bw, bh) = (c.width / k, c.height / k);
+        if bw == 0 || bh == 0 {
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+        // Opcode lists 1/2 need the normalised copy; plain files are normalised row by row.
+        let norm: Option<Normalized> = if self.opcodes.list1.is_empty() && self.opcodes.list2.is_empty() { None } else { Some(self.normalized()?) };
+        let cfa = cfa.shifted(a.x, a.y);
+        let range = self.white_at(0) - self.black.mean();
+        let scale = if range > 0.0 { 1.0 / range } else { 1.0 };
+        let uniform_black =
+            self.black.delta_h.is_empty() && self.black.delta_v.is_empty() && self.black.values.iter().all(|&v| v == self.black.values[0]);
+        let black0 = self.black.at(0, 0, 0, 1);
+        // colour of every sample of a block, per pattern phase of the block's corner
+        let (pw, ph) = (cfa.width, cfa.height);
+        let layouts: Vec<(Vec<u8>, [f32; 3])> = (0..ph)
+            .flat_map(|j| (0..pw).map(move |i| (i, j)))
+            .map(|(i, j)| {
+                let (l, n) = block_layout(&cfa, i, j, k);
+                (l, n.map(|n| 1.0 / n.max(1) as f32))
+            })
+            .collect();
+        let wlen = bw * k;
+        let mut out = Rgb32f::new(bw, bh);
+        out.data.par_chunks_mut(bw).enumerate().for_each(|(by, row)| {
+            // the block row's k sample rows, normalised
+            let mut rows = vec![0f32; k * wlen];
+            for dy in 0..k {
+                let y = c.y + by * k + dy;
+                let dst = &mut rows[dy * wlen..(dy + 1) * wlen];
+                match (&norm, &self.data) {
+                    (Some(nm), _) => dst.copy_from_slice(&nm.data[y * nm.width + c.x..][..wlen]),
+                    (None, RawData::U16(d)) if uniform_black => {
+                        let src = &d[(a.y + y) * self.width + a.x + c.x..][..wlen];
+                        for (o, &v) in dst.iter_mut().zip(src) {
+                            *o = (v as f32 - black0) * scale;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    (None, data) => {
+                        let base = (a.y + y) * self.width + a.x + c.x;
+                        for (x, o) in dst.iter_mut().enumerate() {
+                            *o = (data.get(base + x) - self.black.at(c.x + x, y, 0, 1)) * scale;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            let py = (c.y + by * k) % ph;
+            for (bx, px) in row.iter_mut().enumerate() {
+                let (layout, inv) = &layouts[py * pw + (c.x + bx * k) % pw];
+                let (mut sum, mut max) = ([0f32; 3], [f32::MIN; 3]);
+                for dy in 0..k {
+                    let src = &rows[dy * wlen + bx * k..][..k];
+                    for (&v, &col) in src.iter().zip(&layout[dy * k..(dy + 1) * k]) {
+                        let col = col as usize;
+                        sum[col] += v;
+                        max[col] = max[col].max(v);
+                    }
+                }
+                for ch in 0..3 {
+                    px[ch] = if max[ch] >= clip { max[ch] } else { sum[ch] * inv[ch] };
+                }
+            }
+        });
+        Ok(Some(out))
+    }
+}
+
+/// Colours of the `k × k` samples of a block whose corner sits at pattern position `(i, j)`
+/// (row-major) and the count of each colour.
+fn block_layout(cfa: &crate::Cfa, i: usize, j: usize, k: usize) -> (Vec<u8>, [u32; 3]) {
+    let mut n = [0u32; 3];
+    let l: Vec<u8> = (0..k * k)
+        .map(|t| {
+            let c = cfa.color_at(i + t % k, j + t / k).min(2);
+            n[c as usize] += 1;
+            c
+        })
+        .collect();
+    (l, n)
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use crate::demosaic::mosaic_from_rgb;
+    use crate::*;
+
+    fn raw_from(n: &Normalized, black: f32, white: f32) -> RawImage {
+        let data = n.data.iter().map(|&v| (v * (white - black) + black).round() as u16).collect();
+        RawImage {
+            format: RawFormat::Dng,
+            width: n.width,
+            height: n.height,
+            cpp: 1,
+            data: RawData::U16(data),
+            cfa: n.cfa.clone(),
+            bits: 14,
+            black: BlackLevel::uniform(black),
+            white: vec![white],
+            active_area: Rect::new(0, 0, n.width, n.height),
+            crop: Rect::new(0, 0, n.width, n.height),
+            orientation: Orientation::Normal,
+            color: ColorData::default(),
+            wb_multipliers: None,
+            linearized: false,
+            opcodes: OpcodeLists::default(),
+            metadata: Metadata::default(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn binning_matches_block_means_and_keeps_clipping() {
+        let img = Rgb32f::from_fn(24, 18, |x, y| [0.1 + x as f32 * 0.01, 0.2 + y as f32 * 0.01, 0.3]);
+        let mut raw = raw_from(&mosaic_from_rgb(&img, &Cfa::bayer("GRBG").unwrap()), 512.0, 16383.0);
+        assert!(raw.can_bin(2) && raw.can_bin(4) && !raw.can_bin(3));
+        let b = raw.develop_binned(2, 0.99).unwrap().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!((b.width, b.height), (12, 9));
+        let p = b.get(3, 2);
+        // red sample of block (3,2) under GRBG is at (7,4); blue at (6,5); greens average (6,4)+(7,5)
+        assert!((p[0] - img.get(7, 4)[0]).abs() < 1e-3, "{p:?}");
+        assert!((p[2] - 0.3).abs() < 1e-3);
+        assert!((p[1] - (img.get(6, 4)[1] + img.get(7, 5)[1]) / 2.0).abs() < 1e-3);
+        // a single clipped green sample keeps the block's green clipped
+        if let RawData::U16(d) = &mut raw.data {
+            d[4 * 24 + 6] = 16383;
+        }
+        assert!(raw.develop_binned(2, 0.99).unwrap().unwrap().get(3, 2)[1] >= 0.99);
+        // default crop is honoured at the binned scale
+        raw.crop = Rect::new(2, 2, 20, 12);
+        let c = raw.develop_binned(2, 0.99).unwrap().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!((c.width, c.height), (10, 6));
+        // X-Trans: 3×3 blocks hold all colours, 2×2 don't
+        let x = raw_from(&mosaic_from_rgb(&img, &Cfa::xtrans()), 0.0, 1000.0);
+        assert!(x.can_bin(3) && x.can_bin(6) && !x.can_bin(2));
+        let xb = x.develop_binned(3, 0.99).unwrap().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!((xb.width, xb.height), (8, 6));
+        assert!((xb.get(4, 3)[2] - 0.3).abs() < 2e-3);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn binning_matches_demosaic_downscaled_on_smooth_images() {
+        let img = Rgb32f::from_fn(64, 48, |x, y| [0.2 + 0.3 * (x as f32 / 64.0), 0.4 - 0.2 * (y as f32 / 48.0), 0.25]);
+        let raw = raw_from(&mosaic_from_rgb(&img, &Cfa::bayer("RGGB").unwrap()), 0.0, 4095.0);
+        let b = raw.develop_binned(2, 0.99).unwrap().unwrap();
+        let full = lightcraft_raster::resample::half(&raw.develop(Method::Ahd).unwrap());
+        for y in 2..b.height - 2 {
+            for x in 2..b.width - 2 {
+                for c in 0..3 {
+                    assert!((b.get(x, y)[c] - full.get(x, y)[c]).abs() < 0.01, "({x},{y})");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/crates/raw/src/demosaic/xtrans.rs b/crates/raw/src/demosaic/xtrans.rs
index c26f768b1..2b50b66c3 100644
--- a/crates/raw/src/demosaic/xtrans.rs
+++ b/crates/raw/src/demosaic/xtrans.rs
@@ -13,24 +13,115 @@ use lightcraft_raster::par_rows;
 
 const EPS: f32 = 1e-3;
 
-fn green(m: &Mosaic) -> Vec<f32> {
+/// Same-colour neighbour offsets for every pattern phase, in scan order (so sums run in the same
+/// order as a plain 2-D loop and interior pixels match border pixels bit for bit).
+struct Offsets {
+    pw: usize,
+    ph: usize,
+    /// Per phase: green offsets at radius 1, then those at radius 2 (ring order as the loop below).
+    green: Vec<(Vec<(isize, isize)>, Vec<(isize, isize)>)>,
+    /// Per phase and colour (0 = red, 1 = blue): 5×5 offsets of that colour.
+    rb: Vec<[Vec<(isize, isize)>; 2]>,
+}
+
+impl Offsets {
+    fn new(m: &Mosaic) -> Offsets {
+        let (pw, ph) = (m.cfa.width.max(1), m.cfa.height.max(1));
+        // phases are evaluated far from the borders (pattern coordinates wrap)
+        let col = |x: isize, y: isize| m.cfa.color_at(x.rem_euclid(pw as isize) as usize, y.rem_euclid(ph as isize) as usize);
+        let mut green = Vec::new();
+        let mut rb = Vec::new();
+        for py in 0..ph as isize {
+            for px in 0..pw as isize {
+                let ring = |r: isize| {
+                    let mut v = Vec::new();
+                    for dy in -r..=r {
+                        for dx in -r..=r {
+                            if (dx != 0 || dy != 0) && col(px + dx, py + dy) == 1 {
+                                v.push((dx, dy));
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    v
+                };
+                green.push((ring(1), ring(2)));
+                let of = |c: u8| {
+                    let mut v = Vec::new();
+                    for dy in -2isize..=2 {
+                        for dx in -2isize..=2 {
+                            if col(px + dx, py + dy) == c {
+                                v.push((dx, dy));
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    v
+                };
+                rb.push([of(0), of(2)]);
+            }
+        }
+        Offsets { pw, ph, green, rb }
+    }
+    #[inline]
+    fn phase(&self, x: usize, y: usize) -> usize {
+        (y % self.ph) * self.pw + x % self.pw
+    }
+}
+
+/// Robust weighted mean of `vals` around their median.
+#[inline]
+fn robust_mean(vals: &[f32]) -> f32 {
+    let mut sorted = [0f32; 24];
+    let sorted = &mut sorted[..vals.len()];
+    sorted.copy_from_slice(vals);
+    sorted.sort_unstable_by(|a, b| a.total_cmp(b));
+    let med = sorted[sorted.len() / 2];
+    let (mut s, mut ws) = (0.0f32, 0.0f32);
+    for &v in vals {
+        let wt = 1.0 / (EPS + (v - med).abs());
+        s += wt * v;
+        ws += wt;
+    }
+    s / ws
+}
+
+fn green(m: &Mosaic, off: &Offsets) -> Vec<f32> {
     let (w, h) = (m.w, m.h);
     let mut g = vec![0f32; w * h];
     par_rows(&mut g, w, |y, row| {
-        let y = y as isize;
+        let interior_y = y >= 2 && y + 2 < h;
+        let yi = y as isize;
         let mut vals: Vec<f32> = Vec::with_capacity(24);
         for (x, o) in row.iter_mut().enumerate() {
+            if interior_y && x >= 2 && x + 2 < w {
+                // fast path: precomputed offsets, no reflection
+                let ph = off.phase(x, y);
+                let i = y * w + x;
+                if m.cfa.color_at(x, y) == 1 {
+                    *o = m.data[i];
+                    continue;
+                }
+                let (r1, r2) = &off.green[ph];
+                let ring = if r1.is_empty() { r2 } else { r1 };
+                if ring.is_empty() {
+                    *o = m.data[i];
+                    continue;
+                }
+                vals.clear();
+                vals.extend(ring.iter().map(|&(dx, dy)| m.data[(i as isize + dy * w as isize + dx) as usize]));
+                *o = robust_mean(&vals);
+                continue;
+            }
             let x = x as isize;
-            if m.color(x, y) == 1 {
-                *o = m.get(x, y);
+            if m.color(x, yi) == 1 {
+                *o = m.get(x, yi);
                 continue;
             }
             vals.clear();
             for r in [1isize, 2] {
                 for dy in -r..=r {
                     for dx in -r..=r {
-                        if (dx != 0 || dy != 0) && m.color(x + dx, y + dy) == 1 {
-                            vals.push(m.get(x + dx, y + dy));
+                        if (dx != 0 || dy != 0) && m.color(x + dx, yi + dy) == 1 {
+                            vals.push(m.get(x + dx, yi + dy));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -39,19 +130,10 @@ fn green(m: &Mosaic) -> Vec<f32> {
                 }
             }
             if vals.is_empty() {
-                *o = m.get(x, y);
+                *o = m.get(x, yi);
                 continue;
             }
-            let mut sorted = vals.clone();
-            sorted.sort_by(|a, b| a.total_cmp(b));
-            let med = sorted[sorted.len() / 2];
-            let (mut s, mut ws) = (0.0f32, 0.0f32);
-            for &v in &vals {
-                let wt = 1.0 / (EPS + (v - med).abs());
-                s += wt * v;
-                ws += wt;
-            }
-            *o = s / ws;
+            *o = robust_mean(&vals);
         }
     });
     g
@@ -59,31 +141,57 @@ fn green(m: &Mosaic) -> Vec<f32> {
 
 pub(crate) fn directional(m: &Mosaic) -> Rgb32f {
     let (w, h) = (m.w, m.h);
-    let g = green(m);
+    let off = Offsets::new(m);
+    let g = green(m, &off);
     let gg = |x: isize, y: isize| g[super::reflect(y, h) * w + super::reflect(x, w)];
     let mut out = Rgb32f::new(w, h);
     par_rows(&mut out.data, w, |y, row| {
-        let y = y as isize;
+        let interior_y = y >= 2 && y + 2 < h;
+        let yi = y as isize;
         for (x, px) in row.iter_mut().enumerate() {
+            if interior_y && x >= 2 && x + 2 < w {
+                let i = y * w + x;
+                let own = m.cfa.color_at(x, y) as usize;
+                let gp = g[i];
+                px[1] = gp;
+                let lists = &off.rb[off.phase(x, y)];
+                for (li, c) in [0usize, 2].into_iter().enumerate() {
+                    if c == own {
+                        px[c] = m.data[i];
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    let (mut s, mut ws) = (0.0f32, 0.0f32);
+                    for &(dx, dy) in &lists[li] {
+                        let j = (i as isize + dy * w as isize + dx) as usize;
+                        let gq = g[j];
+                        let d2 = (dx * dx + dy * dy) as f32;
+                        let wt = 1.0 / (d2 * (EPS + (gq - gp).abs()));
+                        s += wt * (m.data[j] - gq);
+                        ws += wt;
+                    }
+                    px[c] = if ws > 0.0 { gp + s / ws } else { gp };
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
             let x = x as isize;
-            let own = m.color(x, y) as usize;
-            let gp = gg(x, y);
+            let own = m.color(x, yi) as usize;
+            let gp = gg(x, yi);
             px[1] = gp;
             for c in [0usize, 2] {
                 if c == own {
-                    px[c] = m.get(x, y);
+                    px[c] = m.get(x, yi);
                     continue;
                 }
                 let (mut s, mut ws) = (0.0f32, 0.0f32);
                 for dy in -2isize..=2 {
                     for dx in -2isize..=2 {
-                        if m.color(x + dx, y + dy) as usize != c {
+                        if m.color(x + dx, yi + dy) as usize != c {
                             continue;
                         }
-                        let gq = gg(x + dx, y + dy);
+                        let gq = gg(x + dx, yi + dy);
                         let d2 = (dx * dx + dy * dy) as f32;
                         let wt = 1.0 / (d2 * (EPS + (gq - gp).abs()));
-                        s += wt * (m.get(x + dx, y + dy) - gq);
+                        s += wt * (m.get(x + dx, yi + dy) - gq);
                         ws += wt;
                     }
                 }
@@ -93,3 +201,81 @@ pub(crate) fn directional(m: &Mosaic) -> Rgb32f {
     });
     out
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::Cfa;
+
+    /// The straightforward per-pixel formulation (reflection at every access): the precomputed
+    /// interior path must match it bit for bit.
+    fn reference(m: &Mosaic) -> Rgb32f {
+        let (w, h) = (m.w, m.h);
+        let mut g = vec![0f32; w * h];
+        for y in 0..h as isize {
+            for x in 0..w as isize {
+                let o = &mut g[y as usize * w + x as usize];
+                if m.color(x, y) == 1 {
+                    *o = m.get(x, y);
+                    continue;
+                }
+                let mut vals = Vec::new();
+                for r in [1isize, 2] {
+                    for dy in -r..=r {
+                        for dx in -r..=r {
+                            if (dx != 0 || dy != 0) && m.color(x + dx, y + dy) == 1 {
+                                vals.push(m.get(x + dx, y + dy));
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if !vals.is_empty() {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                *o = if vals.is_empty() { m.get(x, y) } else { robust_mean(&vals) };
+            }
+        }
+        let gg = |x: isize, y: isize| g[super::super::reflect(y, h) * w + super::super::reflect(x, w)];
+        Rgb32f::from_fn(w, h, |x, y| {
+            let (x, y) = (x as isize, y as isize);
+            let own = m.color(x, y) as usize;
+            let gp = gg(x, y);
+            let mut px = [0f32, gp, 0.0];
+            for c in [0usize, 2] {
+                if c == own {
+                    px[c] = m.get(x, y);
+                    continue;
+                }
+                let (mut s, mut ws) = (0.0f32, 0.0f32);
+                for dy in -2isize..=2 {
+                    for dx in -2isize..=2 {
+                        if m.color(x + dx, y + dy) as usize == c {
+                            let gq = gg(x + dx, y + dy);
+                            let wt = 1.0 / ((dx * dx + dy * dy) as f32 * (EPS + (gq - gp).abs()));
+                            s += wt * (m.get(x + dx, y + dy) - gq);
+                            ws += wt;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                px[c] = if ws > 0.0 { gp + s / ws } else { gp };
+            }
+            px
+        })
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn fast_path_is_bit_exact() {
+        let cfa = Cfa::xtrans().shifted(1, 2);
+        let (w, h) = (37, 29);
+        let mut seed = 12345u32;
+        let data: Vec<f32> = (0..w * h)
+            .map(|_| {
+                seed = seed.wrapping_mul(1_664_525).wrapping_add(1_013_904_223);
+                (seed >> 8) as f32 / (1u32 << 24) as f32
+            })
+            .collect();
+        let m = Mosaic { w, h, data: &data, cfa: &cfa };
+        let (a, b) = (directional(&m), reference(&m));
+        assert!(a.data.iter().zip(&b.data).all(|(p, q)| p.map(f32::to_bits) == q.map(f32::to_bits)));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/crates/raw/src/dng.rs b/crates/raw/src/dng.rs
index f25eb6044..4ffb0666c 100644
--- a/crates/raw/src/dng.rs
+++ b/crates/raw/src/dng.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ pub(crate) fn raw_ifd(tiff: &Tiff) -> Option<&Ifd> {
         .into_iter()
         .filter(|i| i.u32(t::NEW_SUBFILE_TYPE).unwrap_or(0) == 0)
         .filter(|i| matches!(i.u16(t::PHOTOMETRIC), Some(photometric::CFA) | Some(photometric::LINEAR_RAW)))
-        .max_by_key(|i| i.u64(t::IMAGE_WIDTH).unwrap_or(0) * i.u64(t::IMAGE_LENGTH).unwrap_or(0))
+        .max_by_key(|i| i.u64(t::IMAGE_WIDTH).unwrap_or(0).saturating_mul(i.u64(t::IMAGE_LENGTH).unwrap_or(0)))
 }
 
 fn mat3(v: Option<Vec<f64>>) -> Option<Mat3> {
diff --git a/crates/raw/src/highlight.rs b/crates/raw/src/highlight.rs
index 388174ee2..40d787514 100644
--- a/crates/raw/src/highlight.rs
+++ b/crates/raw/src/highlight.rs
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 //!   normalised-convolution fill). Fully clipped pixels become neutral at the brightest plausible level.
 
 use lightcraft_raster::Rgb32f;
+use rayon::prelude::*;
 
 /// Clip every channel of `wb ⊙ img` at `min_c(wb_c) · clip` — i.e. at the lowest channel's clip level after WB —
 /// then divide the multipliers back out. `clip` is the sensor clip in normalised units (≈ 1.0).
@@ -28,25 +29,28 @@ fn fill_invalid(w: usize, h: usize, values: &mut [[f32; 3]], valid: &mut [bool])
     let (cw, ch) = (w.div_ceil(2), h.div_ceil(2));
     let mut cv = vec![[0f32; 3]; cw * ch];
     let mut cval = vec![false; cw * ch];
-    for y in 0..ch {
-        for x in 0..cw {
-            let (mut s, mut n) = ([0f32; 3], 0);
-            for dy in 0..2 {
-                for dx in 0..2 {
-                    let (sx, sy) = (2 * x + dx, 2 * y + dy);
-                    if sx < w && sy < h && valid[sy * w + sx] {
-                        for c in 0..3 {
-                            s[c] += values[sy * w + sx][c];
+    {
+        let (values, valid) = (&*values, &*valid);
+        cv.par_chunks_mut(cw).zip(cval.par_chunks_mut(cw)).enumerate().for_each(|(y, (vrow, okrow))| {
+            for x in 0..cw {
+                let (mut s, mut n) = ([0f32; 3], 0);
+                for dy in 0..2 {
+                    for dx in 0..2 {
+                        let (sx, sy) = (2 * x + dx, 2 * y + dy);
+                        if sx < w && sy < h && valid[sy * w + sx] {
+                            for c in 0..3 {
+                                s[c] += values[sy * w + sx][c];
+                            }
+                            n += 1;
                         }
-                        n += 1;
                     }
                 }
+                if n > 0 {
+                    vrow[x] = s.map(|v| v / n as f32);
+                    okrow[x] = true;
+                }
             }
-            if n > 0 {
-                cv[y * cw + x] = s.map(|v| v / n as f32);
-                cval[y * cw + x] = true;
-            }
-        }
+        });
     }
     if cw * ch < w * h {
         fill_invalid(cw, ch, &mut cv, &mut cval);
@@ -54,10 +58,9 @@ fn fill_invalid(w: usize, h: usize, values: &mut [[f32; 3]], valid: &mut [bool])
         // cannot shrink further (1×1): nothing valid anywhere handled above
         return;
     }
-    for y in 0..h {
+    values.par_chunks_mut(w).zip(valid.par_chunks_mut(w)).enumerate().for_each(|(y, (vrow, okrow))| {
         for x in 0..w {
-            let i = y * w + x;
-            if !valid[i] {
+            if !okrow[x] {
                 // bilinear upsample of the coarse level
                 let fx = ((x as f32 + 0.5) / 2.0 - 0.5).clamp(0.0, (cw - 1) as f32);
                 let fy = ((y as f32 + 0.5) / 2.0 - 0.5).clamp(0.0, (ch - 1) as f32);
@@ -71,11 +74,11 @@ fn fill_invalid(w: usize, h: usize, values: &mut [[f32; 3]], valid: &mut [bool])
                     let bot = g(x0, y1)[c] + (g(x1, y1)[c] - g(x0, y1)[c]) * tx;
                     v[c] = top + (bot - top) * ty;
                 }
-                values[i] = v;
-                valid[i] = true;
+                vrow[x] = v;
+                okrow[x] = true;
             }
         }
-    }
+    });
 }
 
 /// Reconstruct partially clipped channels. `clip` is the sensor clip level in normalised units (use slightly
@@ -84,52 +87,56 @@ fn fill_invalid(w: usize, h: usize, values: &mut [[f32; 3]], valid: &mut [bool])
 pub fn reconstruct(img: &mut Rgb32f, wb: [f32; 3], clip: f32) -> usize {
     let (w, h) = (img.width, img.height);
     let n = w * h;
-    let clipped: Vec<[bool; 3]> = img.data.iter().map(|p| [p[0] >= clip, p[1] >= clip, p[2] >= clip]).collect();
-    let count = clipped.iter().filter(|c| c.iter().any(|&b| b)).count();
+    let is_clipped = |p: &[f32; 3]| p[0] >= clip || p[1] >= clip || p[2] >= clip;
+    let count = img.data.par_iter().filter(|p| is_clipped(p)).count();
     if count == 0 {
         return 0;
     }
     // chromaticity (white-balanced ratios to the channel mean) of unclipped pixels
     let mut chroma = vec![[1f32 / 3.0; 3]; n];
     let mut valid = vec![false; n];
-    for i in 0..n {
-        if clipped[i].iter().any(|&b| b) {
-            continue;
+    chroma.par_iter_mut().zip(valid.par_iter_mut()).zip(img.data.par_iter()).for_each(|((r, v), p)| {
+        if is_clipped(p) {
+            return;
         }
-        let p = img.data[i];
         let q = [p[0] * wb[0], p[1] * wb[1], p[2] * wb[2]];
         let s = q[0] + q[1] + q[2];
         if s > 1e-4 {
-            chroma[i] = q.map(|v| v.max(0.0) / s);
-            valid[i] = true;
+            *r = q.map(|v| v.max(0.0) / s);
+            *v = true;
         }
-    }
+    });
     fill_invalid(w, h, &mut chroma, &mut valid);
     let max_level = wb.iter().cloned().fold(0.0f32, f32::max) * clip;
-    for i in 0..n {
-        let cl = clipped[i];
+    img.data.par_iter_mut().zip(chroma.par_iter()).for_each(|(px, r)| {
+        let p = *px;
+        let cl = [p[0] >= clip, p[1] >= clip, p[2] >= clip];
         if !cl.iter().any(|&b| b) {
-            continue;
+            return;
         }
-        let p = img.data[i];
         let q = [p[0] * wb[0], p[1] * wb[1], p[2] * wb[2]];
-        let r = chroma[i];
         // estimate the white-balanced channel sum from the unclipped channels
-        let ests: Vec<f32> = (0..3).filter(|&c| !cl[c] && r[c] > 1e-3).map(|c| q[c] / r[c]).collect();
+        let (mut sum, mut k) = (0f32, 0usize);
+        for c in 0..3 {
+            if !cl[c] && r[c] > 1e-3 {
+                sum += q[c] / r[c];
+                k += 1;
+            }
+        }
         let mut out = q;
-        if ests.is_empty() {
+        if k == 0 {
             let v = q.iter().cloned().fold(0.0f32, f32::max).max(max_level);
             out = [v; 3];
         } else {
-            let sum = ests.iter().sum::<f32>() / ests.len() as f32;
+            let sum = sum / k as f32;
             for c in 0..3 {
                 if cl[c] {
                     out[c] = q[c].max(sum * r[c]);
                 }
             }
         }
-        img.data[i] = [out[0] / wb[0], out[1] / wb[1], out[2] / wb[2]];
-    }
+        *px = [out[0] / wb[0], out[1] / wb[1], out[2] / wb[2]];
+    });
     count
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/raw/src/lib.rs b/crates/raw/src/lib.rs
index 2803d4b5c..453c75231 100644
--- a/crates/raw/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/raw/src/lib.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@
 //!   opcode lists, [`Metadata`]); [`embedded_preview`] returns the largest embedded JPEG.
 //! - [`RawImage::normalized`] subtracts black, scales white to 1.0 and crops to the active area (applying DNG
 //!   `OpcodeList1`/`OpcodeList2`); [`demosaic`] turns CFA data into camera-RGB [`Rgb32f`];
-//!   [`RawImage::develop`] does all of it plus `OpcodeList3` and the default crop.
+//!   [`RawImage::develop`] does all of it plus `OpcodeList3` and the default crop; [`RawImage::develop_binned`]
+//!   produces the same at 1/k of the size straight from the mosaic (previews, thumbnails).
 //! - [`color`] implements the DNG colour model (dual-illuminant interpolation, forward matrices, white balance)
 //!   and produces camera → linear Rec.2020 D65 matrices.
 //!
@@ -18,6 +19,7 @@
 //! colour matrix: [`color`] falls back to a documented neutral model. The decoders never panic on malformed input.
 #![forbid(unsafe_code)]
 
+mod binned;
 pub mod color;
 pub mod demosaic;
 mod dng;
diff --git a/crates/raw/src/vendor/arw.rs b/crates/raw/src/vendor/arw.rs
index eb7c8e685..890200384 100644
--- a/crates/raw/src/vendor/arw.rs
+++ b/crates/raw/src/vendor/arw.rs
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ fn raw_ifd(tiff: &Tiff) -> Option<&Ifd> {
     tiff.all_ifds()
         .into_iter()
         .filter(|i| i.u16(t::PHOTOMETRIC) == Some(photometric::CFA) || i.contains(TONE_CURVE))
-        .max_by_key(|i| i.u64(t::IMAGE_WIDTH).unwrap_or(0) * i.u64(t::IMAGE_LENGTH).unwrap_or(0))
+        .max_by_key(|i| i.u64(t::IMAGE_WIDTH).unwrap_or(0).saturating_mul(i.u64(t::IMAGE_LENGTH).unwrap_or(0)))
 }
 
 pub(crate) fn decode(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<RawImage> {
diff --git a/crates/raw/src/vendor/nef.rs b/crates/raw/src/vendor/nef.rs
index bcd8dd1ac..11700bd1b 100644
--- a/crates/raw/src/vendor/nef.rs
+++ b/crates/raw/src/vendor/nef.rs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ fn raw_ifd(tiff: &Tiff) -> Option<&Ifd> {
     tiff.all_ifds()
         .into_iter()
         .filter(|i| i.u16(t::PHOTOMETRIC) == Some(photometric::CFA))
-        .max_by_key(|i| i.u64(t::IMAGE_WIDTH).unwrap_or(0) * i.u64(t::IMAGE_LENGTH).unwrap_or(0))
+        .max_by_key(|i| i.u64(t::IMAGE_WIDTH).unwrap_or(0).saturating_mul(i.u64(t::IMAGE_LENGTH).unwrap_or(0)))
 }
 
 /// Width without the optically masked columns some bodies append on the right: trailing columns (at most 64)
diff --git a/crates/raw/tests/robust.proptest-regressions b/crates/raw/tests/robust.proptest-regressions
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..21260e7d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/raw/tests/robust.proptest-regressions
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Seeds for failure cases proptest has generated in the past. It is
+# automatically read and these particular cases re-run before any
+# novel cases are generated.
+#
+# It is recommended to check this file in to source control so that
+# everyone who runs the test benefits from these saved cases.
+cc 96fbbf63f3e7e0d186dc8aee69f5452640ec49e763149965b40707abbe37065c # shrinks to flips = [(16380191992317618766, 16), (5757657205609716137, 1)], cut = 11088808457807325322, lj = true
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/control.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/control.rs
index 27451dafa..d84ad0d00 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/control.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/control.rs
@@ -77,7 +77,8 @@ pub fn inspect(app: &LightcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) -> Value {
         "selection": app.session.selection.ids.iter().map(|p| p.0).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
         "activeMask": app.session.active_mask,
         "widgetCount": app.widgets.len(),
-        "perf": {"frameMs": app.perf.frame_ms, "fps": app.perf.fps, "lastRenderMs": app.renderer.last_main_ms, "renderQueue": app.renderer.queued(), "rendersInFlight": app.renderer.in_flight(), "rendersDone": app.renderer.completed, "thumbTextures": app.renderer.thumb_textures(), "gpu": lightcraft_engine::gpu::available().then(lightcraft_engine::gpu::adapter_name).flatten()},
+        "perf": {"frameMs": app.perf.frame_ms, "fps": app.perf.fps, "lastRenderMs": app.renderer.last_main_ms, "renderQueue": app.renderer.queued(), "rendersInFlight": app.renderer.in_flight(), "rendersDone": app.renderer.completed, "thumbTextures": app.renderer.thumb_textures(), "gpu": (lightcraft_engine::gpu::ready() && lightcraft_engine::gpu::available()).then(lightcraft_engine::gpu::adapter_name).flatten()},
+        "loupe": app.loupe_shown.map(|(p, src)| json!({"photo": p.0, "source": src, "pending": app.renderer.is_pending(crate::render::Slot::Main)})),
         "status": app.ui.status,
     })
 }
@@ -332,6 +333,14 @@ pub fn export_active(app: &mut LightcraftApp, p: &Value) -> Result<Value, String
         w(&path, &e.bytes)?;
         out.push(json!({"path": path, "width": e.width, "height": e.height, "bytes": e.bytes.len()}));
     }
+    // remember for Export with Previous (and to prefill the dialog)
+    let mut last = p.clone();
+    if let Some(o) = last.as_object_mut() {
+        o.remove("ids");
+        o.remove("path");
+    }
+    app.session.last_export = Some(last);
+    let _ = app.session.save_prefs();
     Ok(json!({"files": out}))
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/lib.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/lib.rs
index 3a525716b..cd62c08a5 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/lib.rs
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ pub type PickFiles = Box<dyn FnMut() -> Vec<String>>;
 pub type SaveFile = Box<dyn FnMut(&str) -> Option<String>>;
 pub type WriteFn = Box<dyn FnMut(&str, &[u8]) -> Result<(), String>>;
 pub type PngEncode = Box<dyn Fn(&lightcraft_raster::Rgba8) -> Vec<u8>>;
+/// Reveal a file in the system file manager (Finder / Explorer / the folder on Linux).
+pub type RevealFn = Box<dyn FnMut(&str) -> Result<(), String>>;
 
 /// Platform services injected by the host app (desktop or web).
 #[derive(Default)]
@@ -44,6 +46,8 @@ pub struct Services {
     pub write: Option<WriteFn>,
     /// PNG encoder (the host links an image encoder; the UI crate stays codec-free).
     pub png: Option<PngEncode>,
+    /// Show a file in the system file manager (desktop only).
+    pub reveal: Option<RevealFn>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default)]
@@ -84,10 +88,15 @@ pub struct LightcraftApp {
     pub widgets: Vec<(String, egui::Rect)>,
     /// In-progress on-canvas gesture (brush stroke points, gradient drag…).
     pub gesture: Option<panels::detail::Gesture>,
+    /// What the loupe drew last frame: photo and source ("render", "cached", "embedded", "small",
+    /// "thumb", "none").
+    pub loupe_shown: Option<(lightcraft_catalog::PhotoId, &'static str)>,
 }
 
 impl LightcraftApp {
     pub fn new(session: Session, services: Services) -> Self {
+        // GPU device + kernels off the UI thread, before the first photo is opened
+        lightcraft_engine::gpu::warm_up();
         Self {
             session,
             ui: UiState::default(),
@@ -110,6 +119,7 @@ impl LightcraftApp {
             image_rect: None,
             widgets: vec![],
             gesture: None,
+            loupe_shown: None,
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/menubar.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/menubar.rs
index 0e74e2da9..02b63d61e 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/menubar.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/menubar.rs
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ const LAYOUT: &[(&str, &[&str])] = &[
             "file.exportPresets",
             "---",
             "dialog.export",
+            "app.exportPrevious",
             "---",
             "library.toggleAutoWriteXmp",
             "---",
@@ -133,6 +134,7 @@ const LAYOUT: &[(&str, &[&str])] = &[
             "---",
             "photo.saveMetadataToFile",
             "photo.readMetadataFromFile",
+            "app.showInFinder",
             "---",
             "photo.delete",
         ],
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/menus.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/menus.rs
index a43c98858..e2e3f6f21 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/menus.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/menus.rs
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ pub const UI_COMMANDS: &[UiCommand] = &[
     ("view.leftPanel", "My Photos Panel", Some("Cmd+Shift+L"), "View"),
     ("view.beforeAfter", "Compare Before and After", Some("Y"), "View"),
     ("view.beforeAfterSplit", "Before/After Split", Some("Shift+Y"), "View"),
+    ("view.beforeAfterTopBottom", "Before/After Top/Bottom", Some("Alt+Y"), "View"),
+    ("view.beforeAfterSplitTopBottom", "Before/After Split Top/Bottom", Some("Alt+Shift+Y"), "View"),
     ("view.showOriginal", "Show Original", Some("\\"), "View"),
     ("view.zoomFit", "Zoom to Fit", Some("Cmd+0"), "View"),
     ("view.zoom100", "Zoom 100%", Some("Cmd+1"), "View"),
@@ -57,7 +59,7 @@ pub const UI_COMMANDS: &[UiCommand] = &[
     ("tool.wbPicker", "White Balance Selector", Some("W"), "Window>Tools"),
     ("tool.none", "No Tool", None, ""),
     ("dialog.newAlbum", "New Album…", Some("Cmd+N"), "File"),
-    ("dialog.newFolder", "New Folder…", None, "File"),
+    ("dialog.newFolder", "New Folder…", Some("Cmd+Shift+N"), "File"),
     ("dialog.newSmartAlbum", "New Smart Album from Filter…", Some("Cmd+Alt+N"), "File"),
     ("dialog.createPreset", "Create Preset…", Some("Cmd+Shift+P"), "Photo"),
     ("dialog.autoStack", "Auto-Stack by Capture Time…", None, "Photo>Stack"),
@@ -69,6 +71,8 @@ pub const UI_COMMANDS: &[UiCommand] = &[
     ("app.about", "About LightCraft", None, "Help"),
     ("app.shortcuts", "Keyboard Shortcuts", Some("Cmd+/"), "Help"),
     ("app.export", "Export Now", None, ""),
+    ("app.showInFinder", "Show in Finder", Some("Cmd+R"), "Photo"),
+    ("app.exportPrevious", "Export with Previous", Some("Cmd+Alt+Shift+E"), "File"),
 ];
 
 fn panel(app: &mut LightcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context, p: RightPanel, name: &str) {
@@ -144,6 +148,14 @@ pub fn run_ui_command(app: &mut LightcraftApp, id: &str, p: &Value) -> Option<Re
             app.ui.before_after = if app.ui.before_after == BeforeAfter::Split { BeforeAfter::Off } else { BeforeAfter::Split };
             Ok(Value::Null)
         }
+        "view.beforeAfterTopBottom" => {
+            app.ui.before_after = if app.ui.before_after == BeforeAfter::TopBottom { BeforeAfter::Off } else { BeforeAfter::TopBottom };
+            Ok(Value::Null)
+        }
+        "view.beforeAfterSplitTopBottom" => {
+            app.ui.before_after = if app.ui.before_after == BeforeAfter::SplitTopBottom { BeforeAfter::Off } else { BeforeAfter::SplitTopBottom };
+            Ok(Value::Null)
+        }
         "view.showOriginal" => {
             app.ui.before_after = if app.ui.before_after == BeforeAfter::Original { BeforeAfter::Off } else { BeforeAfter::Original };
             Ok(Value::Null)
@@ -284,6 +296,10 @@ pub fn run_ui_command(app: &mut LightcraftApp, id: &str, p: &Value) -> Option<Re
             }
             Ok(Value::Null)
         }
+        "dialog.newFolder" => {
+            app.ui.dialog = Some(Dialog::NewAlbum { name: p.get("name").and_then(Value::as_str).unwrap_or("").into(), folder: true });
+            Ok(Value::Null)
+        }
         "dialog.newAlbum" => {
             app.ui.dialog = Some(Dialog::NewAlbum { name: p.get("name").and_then(Value::as_str).unwrap_or("").into(), folder: false });
             Ok(Value::Null)
@@ -296,10 +312,6 @@ pub fn run_ui_command(app: &mut LightcraftApp, id: &str, p: &Value) -> Option<Re
             app.ui.dialog = Some(Dialog::NewSmartAlbum { name: p.get("name").and_then(Value::as_str).unwrap_or("").into() });
             Ok(Value::Null)
         }
-        "dialog.newFolder" => {
-            app.ui.dialog = Some(Dialog::NewAlbum { name: p.get("name").and_then(Value::as_str).unwrap_or("").into(), folder: true });
-            Ok(Value::Null)
-        }
         "dialog.createPreset" => {
             app.ui.dialog = Some(Dialog::CreatePreset { name: String::new(), group: "User Presets".into() });
             Ok(Value::Null)
@@ -311,8 +323,15 @@ pub fn run_ui_command(app: &mut LightcraftApp, id: &str, p: &Value) -> Option<Re
             Ok(Value::Null)
         }
         "dialog.export" => {
-            app.ui.dialog =
-                Some(Dialog::Export { opts: Default::default(), long_edge: 2048, limit_kb: 0, dir: crate::control::default_export_dir() });
+            let prev = app.session.last_export.clone().unwrap_or_default();
+            let u = |k: &str, d: u64| prev.get(k).and_then(Value::as_u64).unwrap_or(d);
+            let dir = prev.get("dir").and_then(Value::as_str).map(str::to_string).unwrap_or_else(crate::control::default_export_dir);
+            app.ui.dialog = Some(Dialog::Export {
+                opts: lightcraft_engine::export::ExportOptions::from_json(&prev),
+                long_edge: u("longEdge", 2048) as u32,
+                limit_kb: u("limitKb", 0) as u32,
+                dir,
+            });
             Ok(Value::Null)
         }
         "app.about" => {
@@ -387,6 +406,11 @@ pub fn run_ui_command(app: &mut LightcraftApp, id: &str, p: &Value) -> Option<Re
             return Some(r);
         }
         "app.export" => crate::control::export_active(app, p),
+        "app.showInFinder" => show_in_finder(app),
+        "app.exportPrevious" => match app.session.last_export.clone() {
+            Some(prev) => crate::control::export_active(app, &prev),
+            None => Err("nothing exported yet — use Export…".into()),
+        },
         _ => return None,
     };
     Some(r)
@@ -396,6 +420,15 @@ pub fn ui_enabled(app: &LightcraftApp, id: &str) -> bool {
     match id {
         s if s.starts_with("panel.") || s.starts_with("tool.") || s.starts_with("section.") => app.session.active().is_some() || s == "panel.close",
         "app.export" | "dialog.export" | "dialog.createPreset" | "dialog.copySettings" => app.session.active().is_some(),
+        "app.exportPrevious" => app.session.active().is_some() && app.session.last_export.is_some(),
+        "app.showInFinder" => {
+            app.services.reveal.is_some()
+                && app
+                    .session
+                    .active()
+                    .and_then(|id| app.session.catalog.photo(id))
+                    .is_some_and(|p| matches!(p.source, lightcraft_engine::catalog::Source::File { .. }))
+        }
         "file.exportPresets" => app.session.presets.iter().any(|p| !p.builtin),
         "view.compare" => app.session.catalog.len() > 1,
         "compare.swap" | "compare.makeSelect" => app.ui.view == ViewMode::Compare,
@@ -438,3 +471,15 @@ pub fn menu_entries(app: &LightcraftApp) -> Vec<MenuEntry> {
     }
     v
 }
+
+/// Reveal the active photo's original in the system file manager.
+fn show_in_finder(app: &mut LightcraftApp) -> Result<Value, String> {
+    let id = app.session.active().ok_or("no photo selected")?;
+    let path = match app.session.catalog.photo(id).map(|p| p.source.clone()) {
+        Some(lightcraft_engine::catalog::Source::File { path }) => path,
+        _ => return Err("this photo has no file (demo scene)".into()),
+    };
+    let reveal = app.services.reveal.as_mut().ok_or("not available here")?;
+    reveal(&path)?;
+    Ok(json!({"path": path}))
+}
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/detail.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/detail.rs
index 818dca642..165a7df8d 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/detail.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/detail.rs
@@ -124,15 +124,25 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut LightcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
     let ppp = ui.ctx().pixels_per_point();
     let area = canvas.shrink(if crop_tool { 48.0 } else { 24.0 });
     let native = [photo.width.max(1) as usize, photo.height.max(1) as usize];
-    let split = app.ui.before_after == BeforeAfter::SideBySide;
-    let areas: Vec<Rect> = if split {
-        let half = area.width() / 2.0 - 6.0;
-        vec![
-            Rect::from_min_size(area.min, vec2(half, area.height())),
-            Rect::from_min_size(pos2(area.center().x + 6.0, area.top()), vec2(half, area.height())),
-        ]
-    } else {
-        vec![area]
+    // two views (before, after): side by side or stacked
+    let split = matches!(app.ui.before_after, BeforeAfter::SideBySide | BeforeAfter::TopBottom);
+    let split_view = matches!(app.ui.before_after, BeforeAfter::Split | BeforeAfter::SplitTopBottom);
+    let areas: Vec<Rect> = match app.ui.before_after {
+        BeforeAfter::SideBySide => {
+            let half = area.width() / 2.0 - 6.0;
+            vec![
+                Rect::from_min_size(area.min, vec2(half, area.height())),
+                Rect::from_min_size(pos2(area.center().x + 6.0, area.top()), vec2(half, area.height())),
+            ]
+        }
+        BeforeAfter::TopBottom => {
+            let half = area.height() / 2.0 - 14.0;
+            vec![
+                Rect::from_min_size(area.min, vec2(area.width(), half)),
+                Rect::from_min_size(pos2(area.left(), area.center().y + 14.0), vec2(area.width(), half)),
+            ]
+        }
+        _ => vec![area],
     };
     let main_area = *areas.last().unwrap_or(&area);
     let img_rect = fit_rect(main_area, aspect, app.ui.zoom, native, ppp, app.ui.pan);
@@ -142,40 +152,77 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut LightcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
     let scale = if interacting { 0.6 } else { 1.0 };
     let want = (img_rect.width().max(img_rect.height()) * ppp * scale).min(2560.0) as usize;
     let (rw, rh) = if aspect >= 1.0 { (want, (want as f32 / aspect) as usize) } else { ((want as f32 * aspect) as usize, want) };
-    if let Some(job) = app.session.render_job(id, rw.max(8), rh.max(8), false, !crop_tool) {
+    if let Some(job) = app.session.loupe_job(id, rw.max(8), rh.max(8), !crop_tool) {
         let job = if interacting { job.draft() } else { job };
         app.renderer.request(Slot::Main, job, 100);
     }
+    // once this photo is on screen: prepare its neighbours in filmstrip order (source decoded and
+    // kept, view render cached) so stepping to them is instant
+    if !interacting && !app.renderer.is_pending(Slot::Main) && app.renderer.textures.get(&Slot::Main).is_some_and(|t| t.photo == id) {
+        let ids = app.session.visible_cloned();
+        if let Some(i) = ids.iter().position(|p| *p == id) {
+            let next = ids.get(i + 1).copied();
+            let prev = i.checked_sub(1).and_then(|j| ids.get(j)).copied();
+            for (n, nid) in [next, prev].into_iter().enumerate() {
+                let Some(nid) = nid else { continue };
+                let Some(np) = app.session.catalog.photo(nid).cloned() else { continue };
+                let nf = Frame::with_lens(np.width.max(1) as usize, np.height.max(1) as usize, &np.develop, !crop_tool, np.embedded_lens.as_ref());
+                let na = nf.aspect() as f32;
+                let nr = fit_rect(main_area, na, app.ui.zoom, [np.width.max(1) as usize, np.height.max(1) as usize], ppp, app.ui.pan);
+                let nw = (nr.width().max(nr.height()) * ppp).min(2560.0) as usize;
+                let (w, h) = if na >= 1.0 { (nw, (nw as f32 / na) as usize) } else { ((nw as f32 * na) as usize, nw) };
+                if let Some(job) = app.session.loupe_job(nid, w.max(8), h.max(8), !crop_tool) {
+                    app.renderer.prefetch(Slot::Prefetch(n as u8), job, PREFETCH_PRIORITY);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // until the loupe has this photo: show its cached render / embedded preview / a thumbnail
+    if app.renderer.textures.get(&Slot::Main).is_none_or(|t| t.photo != id)
+        && let Some(q) = app.session.quick_view_job(id, want.max(8), !crop_tool)
+    {
+        app.renderer.request_quick(Slot::Preview, q, 110);
+    }
     let show_before = app.ui.before_after == BeforeAfter::Original || ui.input(|i| i.key_down(egui::Key::Backslash));
-    if (split || show_before || app.ui.before_after == BeforeAfter::Split)
+    if (split || show_before || split_view)
         && let Some(job) = app.session.render_job(id, rw.max(8), rh.max(8), true, !crop_tool)
     {
         app.renderer.request(Slot::Before, job, 90);
     }
     let p = ui.painter_at(canvas);
-    let draw = |slot: Slot, r: Rect| {
-        if let Some(tex) = app.renderer.textures.get(&slot).filter(|t| t.photo == id) {
-            p.image(tex.tex.id(), r, Rect::from_min_max(pos2(0.0, 0.0), pos2(1.0, 1.0)), Color32::WHITE);
-            true
-        } else if let Some(tex) = app.renderer.textures.get(&Slot::Thumb(id)) {
-            p.image(tex.tex.id(), r, Rect::from_min_max(pos2(0.0, 0.0), pos2(1.0, 1.0)), Color32::WHITE);
-            true
+    // what a view slot shows: its own render of this photo, else the stand-ins (no blank frame
+    // between photos, and the full render replaces them in place)
+    let draw = |slot: Slot, r: Rect| -> &'static str {
+        let mine = |s: Slot| app.renderer.textures.get(&s).filter(|t| t.photo == id);
+        let (tex, what) = if let Some(t) = mine(slot) {
+            (t, "render")
+        } else if let Some(t) = mine(Slot::Preview) {
+            (t, t.quick.map(quick_name).unwrap_or("preview"))
+        } else if let Some(t) = app.renderer.thumb(id) {
+            (t, "thumb")
         } else {
-            false
-        }
+            return "none";
+        };
+        p.image(tex.tex.id(), r, Rect::from_min_max(pos2(0.0, 0.0), pos2(1.0, 1.0)), Color32::WHITE);
+        what
     };
+    let shown;
     if split {
         let br = fit_rect(areas[0], aspect, app.ui.zoom, native, ppp, app.ui.pan);
         draw(Slot::Before, br);
-        draw(Slot::Main, img_rect);
+        shown = draw(Slot::Main, img_rect);
         p.text(pos2(br.left(), br.bottom() + 14.0), Align2::LEFT_CENTER, "Before", t.font(12.0), t.text_dim);
         p.text(pos2(img_rect.left(), img_rect.bottom() + 14.0), Align2::LEFT_CENTER, "After", t.font(12.0), t.text_dim);
     } else if show_before {
-        draw(Slot::Before, img_rect);
+        shown = draw(Slot::Before, img_rect);
         p.text(pos2(img_rect.left() + 8.0, img_rect.top() + 14.0), Align2::LEFT_CENTER, "Before", t.font(12.0), t.text);
-    } else if !draw(Slot::Main, img_rect) {
-        p.text(canvas.center(), Align2::CENTER_CENTER, "Rendering…", t.font(13.0), t.text_dim);
+    } else {
+        shown = draw(Slot::Main, img_rect);
+        if shown == "none" {
+            p.text(canvas.center(), Align2::CENTER_CENTER, "Rendering…", t.font(13.0), t.text_dim);
+        }
     }
+    app.loupe_shown = Some((id, shown));
     if app.ui.before_after == BeforeAfter::Split {
         let mid = img_rect.center().x;
         if let Some(tex) = app.renderer.textures.get(&Slot::Before).filter(|t| t.photo == id) {
@@ -184,6 +231,14 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut LightcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
         }
         p.line_segment([pos2(mid, img_rect.top()), pos2(mid, img_rect.bottom())], Stroke::new(1.5, Color32::WHITE));
     }
+    if app.ui.before_after == BeforeAfter::SplitTopBottom {
+        let mid = img_rect.center().y;
+        if let Some(tex) = app.renderer.textures.get(&Slot::Before).filter(|t| t.photo == id) {
+            let top = Rect::from_min_max(img_rect.min, pos2(img_rect.right(), mid));
+            p.image(tex.tex.id(), top, Rect::from_min_max(pos2(0.0, 0.0), pos2(1.0, 0.5)), Color32::WHITE);
+        }
+        p.line_segment([pos2(img_rect.left(), mid), pos2(img_rect.right(), mid)], Stroke::new(1.5, Color32::WHITE));
+    }
     if app.ui.show_clipping && !show_before {
         clipping_overlay(app, &p, img_rect);
     }
@@ -199,6 +254,18 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut LightcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
     resp.context_menu(|ui| super::grid::context_menu(app, ui, id));
 }
 
+/// Neighbour prefetch: below on-screen thumbnails, above background thumbnail refreshes.
+const PREFETCH_PRIORITY: u32 = 4;
+
+fn quick_name(q: lightcraft_engine::media::QuickSource) -> &'static str {
+    use lightcraft_engine::media::QuickSource;
+    match q {
+        QuickSource::Cached => "cached",
+        QuickSource::Embedded => "embedded",
+        QuickSource::Small => "small",
+    }
+}
+
 fn clipping_overlay(app: &LightcraftApp, p: &egui::Painter, r: Rect) {
     // Highlight clipped regions using the histogram's extremes isn't spatial; show a subtle frame hint.
     if let Some(h) = app.renderer.textures.get(&Slot::Main).and_then(|t| t.histogram.as_ref()) {
@@ -691,10 +758,8 @@ pub(crate) fn filmstrip(app: &mut LightcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, r: Rect) {
                 p.text(pos2(cr.right() - 8.0, cr.top() + 10.0), Align2::RIGHT_CENTER, &ph.format, t.semibold(8.5), t.text_dim);
             }
             let img_area = Rect::from_min_max(cr.min + vec2(10.0, 22.0), cr.max - vec2(10.0, 8.0));
-            if let Some(job) = app.session.thumb_job(*id, (256.0 * ppp.min(2.0) / 2.0) as usize * 2) {
-                app.renderer.request(Slot::Thumb(*id), job, 8);
-            }
-            if let Some(tex) = app.renderer.textures.get(&Slot::Thumb(*id)) {
+            super::grid::request_thumb(app, *id, (256.0 * ppp.min(2.0) / 2.0) as usize * 2, 8);
+            if let Some(tex) = app.renderer.thumb(*id) {
                 let [tw, th] = tex.size;
                 let s = (img_area.width() / tw as f32).min(img_area.height() / th as f32);
                 let fr = Rect::from_center_size(img_area.center(), vec2(tw as f32 * s, th as f32 * s));
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/dialogs.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/dialogs.rs
index bf0536cbd..43ed2983a 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/dialogs.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/dialogs.rs
@@ -211,6 +211,18 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut LightcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                                     ui.end_row();
                                 }
                             }
+                            for (sc, id, _) in crate::shortcuts::ALIASES {
+                                let label = crate::menus::UI_COMMANDS
+                                    .iter()
+                                    .find(|c| c.0 == *id)
+                                    .map(|c| c.1)
+                                    .or_else(|| lightcraft_engine::find_command(id).map(|c| c.label))
+                                    .unwrap_or(id);
+                                ui.label(label);
+                                ui.label(*sc);
+                                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(*id).color(t.text_dim));
+                                ui.end_row();
+                            }
                         });
                     });
                 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/grid.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/grid.rs
index 309254fe9..03534a2cf 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/grid.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/grid.rs
@@ -132,6 +132,26 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut LightcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
     let _ = (Color32::BLACK, StrokeKind::Inside, Stroke::NONE);
 }
 
+/// Request a grid/filmstrip thumbnail at `priority`. An unedited raw without a thumbnail texture
+/// first gets a stand-in (its cached thumbnail, else its embedded camera preview), and its real
+/// render then follows in the background.
+pub fn request_thumb(app: &mut LightcraftApp, id: PhotoId, size: usize, priority: u32) {
+    let Some(job) = app.session.thumb_job(id, size) else { return };
+    let quick = if app.renderer.textures.contains_key(&Slot::Thumb(id)) { None } else { app.session.quick_thumb_job(&job) };
+    match quick {
+        Some(q) => {
+            app.renderer.request_quick(Slot::ThumbQuick(id), q, priority + 1);
+            if !app.renderer.is_pending(Slot::ThumbQuick(id)) {
+                app.renderer.request(Slot::Thumb(id), job, BACKGROUND_THUMB_PRIORITY);
+            }
+        }
+        None => app.renderer.request(Slot::Thumb(id), job, priority),
+    }
+}
+
+/// Rendered thumbnails replacing embedded previews: after everything on screen.
+pub const BACKGROUND_THUMB_PRIORITY: u32 = 3;
+
 fn cell(app: &mut LightcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, id: PhotoId, r: Rect, square: bool, onscreen: bool, ppp: f32) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let Some(photo) = app.session.catalog.photo(id).cloned() else { return };
@@ -148,10 +168,8 @@ fn cell(app: &mut LightcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, id: PhotoId, r: Rect, square
     };
     // thumbnail
     let size = thumb_px(img_rect.width().max(img_rect.height()), ppp);
-    if let Some(job) = app.session.thumb_job(id, size) {
-        app.renderer.request(Slot::Thumb(id), job, if onscreen { 10 } else { 5 });
-    }
-    if let Some(tex) = app.renderer.textures.get(&Slot::Thumb(id)) {
+    request_thumb(app, id, size, if onscreen { 10 } else { 5 });
+    if let Some(tex) = app.renderer.thumb(id) {
         let [tw, th] = tex.size;
         let fit = if square {
             let s = (img_rect.width() / tw as f32).min(img_rect.height() / th as f32);
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/render.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/render.rs
index 99815866d..3703dcb82 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/render.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/render.rs
@@ -7,12 +7,18 @@
 //! disk) before rendering. On wasm the jobs run inline, one per frame, unless the host installs a
 //! [`RenderOffload`] (the browser build's Web Workers): then queued jobs are handed to it as it has
 //! room, and its results are collected every frame.
+//!
+//! Stand-ins ([`QuickJob`]s, once per photo and settings): [`Slot::Preview`] holds what the loupe
+//! shows until [`Slot::Main`] has the photo's render (cached view render, embedded camera JPEG or
+//! a thumbnail render); [`Slot::ThumbQuick`] holds a raw's embedded preview in the grid until its
+//! rendered thumbnail arrives (a cached thumbnail found by the quick job becomes the
+//! [`Slot::Thumb`] texture directly).
 
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 
 use lightcraft_catalog::PhotoId;
 use lightcraft_engine::Session;
-use lightcraft_engine::media::{RenderJob, RenderResult};
+use lightcraft_engine::media::{QuickJob, QuickSource, RenderJob, RenderResult};
 use lightcraft_engine::pipeline::StageCache;
 use lightcraft_preview::JobPool;
 use lightcraft_raster::Histogram;
@@ -21,9 +27,16 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub enum Slot {
     Thumb(PhotoId),
+    /// A thumbnail's stand-in (embedded preview of an unedited raw).
+    ThumbQuick(PhotoId),
     Main,
+    /// The loupe's stand-in until `Main` has the photo.
+    Preview,
     Before,
     Compare(u8),
+    /// Background preparation of a neighbouring photo (no texture: its decoded source and view
+    /// render are cached by the engine). 0 = next, 1 = previous.
+    Prefetch(u8),
 }
 
 pub struct Tex {
@@ -33,6 +46,8 @@ pub struct Tex {
     pub size: [usize; 2],
     pub histogram: Option<Histogram>,
     pub ms: f64,
+    /// Set for stand-ins: where the image came from.
+    pub quick: Option<QuickSource>,
     /// CPU copy of the pixels (only with [`Renderer::keep_pixels`]; for headless screenshots).
     pub pixels: Option<std::sync::Arc<egui::ColorImage>>,
 }
@@ -71,6 +86,10 @@ pub struct Renderer {
     pub keep_pixels: bool,
     /// Per-view intermediate results (loupe and "before"), so slider drags redo only what changed.
     stages: HashMap<Slot, Arc<StageCache>>,
+    /// Slot → key of the last quick job requested for it (each is tried once).
+    quick_tried: HashMap<Slot, u64>,
+    /// Prefetch slot → key of the last job submitted (each runs once).
+    prefetched: HashMap<Slot, u64>,
 }
 
 impl Default for Renderer {
@@ -87,6 +106,8 @@ impl Default for Renderer {
             completed: 0,
             keep_pixels: false,
             stages: HashMap::new(),
+            quick_tried: HashMap::new(),
+            prefetched: HashMap::new(),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -131,6 +152,39 @@ impl Renderer {
         self.pool.submit(slot, key, priority, Box::new(move || job.run()));
     }
 
+    /// Request a stand-in for `slot` (once per job key).
+    pub fn request_quick(&mut self, slot: Slot, job: QuickJob, priority: u32) {
+        if self.quick_tried.get(&slot) == Some(&job.key) {
+            return;
+        }
+        self.quick_tried.insert(slot, job.key);
+        self.pending.insert(slot, (job.key, priority));
+        let key = job.key;
+        self.pool.submit(slot, key, priority, Box::new(move || job.run()));
+    }
+
+    /// Prepare a photo in the background (a [`Slot::Prefetch`] job runs once per key; a newer one
+    /// replaces it while queued). Memory stays bounded by the engine's source caches.
+    pub fn prefetch(&mut self, slot: Slot, job: RenderJob, priority: u32) {
+        if self.prefetched.get(&slot) == Some(&job.key) {
+            return;
+        }
+        self.prefetched.insert(slot, job.key);
+        self.pending.insert(slot, (job.key, priority));
+        let key = job.key;
+        self.pool.submit(slot, key, priority, Box::new(move || job.run()));
+    }
+
+    /// Is a request for `slot` queued or running?
+    pub fn is_pending(&self, slot: Slot) -> bool {
+        self.pending.contains_key(&slot)
+    }
+
+    /// The texture to show for a grid/filmstrip thumbnail: the rendered one, else its stand-in.
+    pub fn thumb(&self, id: PhotoId) -> Option<&Tex> {
+        self.textures.get(&Slot::Thumb(id)).or_else(|| self.textures.get(&Slot::ThumbQuick(id)))
+    }
+
     pub fn queued(&self) -> usize {
         self.pool.queued() + self.queue.len()
     }
@@ -154,7 +208,7 @@ impl Renderer {
 
     /// Thumbnail textures currently loaded.
     pub fn thumb_textures(&self) -> usize {
-        self.textures.keys().filter(|s| matches!(s, Slot::Thumb(_))).count()
+        self.textures.keys().filter(|s| matches!(s, Slot::Thumb(_) | Slot::ThumbQuick(_))).count()
     }
 
     /// Collect finished jobs into textures. Returns true if anything changed.
@@ -177,7 +231,7 @@ impl Renderer {
         }
         self.dispatch();
         let mut changed = false;
-        for (slot, r, ms) in finished {
+        for (mut slot, r, ms) in finished {
             session.accept(&r);
             self.completed += 1;
             if self.pending.get(&slot).is_some_and(|p| p.0 == r.key) {
@@ -186,6 +240,21 @@ impl Renderer {
             let Ok(rendered) = r.rendered else {
                 continue;
             };
+            if matches!(slot, Slot::Prefetch(_)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if let Slot::ThumbQuick(id) = slot {
+                if self.textures.contains_key(&Slot::Thumb(id)) {
+                    continue; // the real thumbnail won the race
+                }
+                if r.quick == Some(QuickSource::Cached) {
+                    // the photo's own cached thumbnail: final
+                    slot = Slot::Thumb(id);
+                }
+            }
+            if let Slot::Thumb(id) = slot {
+                self.textures.remove(&Slot::ThumbQuick(id));
+            }
             let img = &rendered.image;
             let color = std::sync::Arc::new(egui::ColorImage::from_rgba_unmultiplied([img.width, img.height], &img.as_bytes()));
             let pixels = self.keep_pixels.then(|| color.clone());
@@ -199,12 +268,22 @@ impl Renderer {
                     t.size = [img.width, img.height];
                     t.histogram = Some(rendered.histogram);
                     t.ms = ms;
+                    t.quick = r.quick;
                 }
                 None => {
                     let tex = ctx.load_texture(name, color, egui::TextureOptions::LINEAR);
                     self.textures.insert(
                         slot,
-                        Tex { key: r.key, photo: r.photo, tex, size: [img.width, img.height], histogram: Some(rendered.histogram), ms, pixels },
+                        Tex {
+                            key: r.key,
+                            photo: r.photo,
+                            tex,
+                            size: [img.width, img.height],
+                            histogram: Some(rendered.histogram),
+                            ms,
+                            quick: r.quick,
+                            pixels,
+                        },
                     );
                 }
             }
@@ -228,11 +307,12 @@ impl Renderer {
     /// thumbnail jobs for photos that scrolled out of `keep`.
     pub fn evict_thumbs(&mut self, keep: &std::collections::HashSet<PhotoId>, max: usize) {
         let dropped = self.pool.reprioritize(|s, p| match s {
-            Slot::Thumb(id) if !keep.contains(id) && p <= 10 => None,
+            Slot::Thumb(id) | Slot::ThumbQuick(id) if !keep.contains(id) && p <= 11 => None,
             _ => Some(p),
         });
         for s in dropped {
             self.pending.remove(&s);
+            self.quick_tried.remove(&s);
         }
         let pending = &mut self.pending;
         self.queue.retain(|q| match q.slot {
@@ -242,10 +322,11 @@ impl Renderer {
             }
             _ => true,
         });
-        let thumbs = self.textures.keys().filter(|s| matches!(s, Slot::Thumb(_))).count();
+        let thumbs = self.thumb_textures();
         if thumbs <= max {
             return;
         }
-        self.textures.retain(|s, _| !matches!(s, Slot::Thumb(id) if !keep.contains(id)));
+        self.textures.retain(|s, _| !matches!(s, Slot::Thumb(id) | Slot::ThumbQuick(id) if !keep.contains(id)));
+        self.quick_tried.retain(|s, _| !matches!(s, Slot::ThumbQuick(id) if !keep.contains(id)));
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/shortcuts.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/shortcuts.rs
index cce9defde..d48c3917a 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/shortcuts.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/shortcuts.rs
@@ -5,6 +5,18 @@ use serde_json::json;
 
 use crate::LightcraftApp;
 
+/// Secondary key bindings for commands that already exist: `(shortcut, command id, params JSON)`.
+/// They complement the primary shortcut declared on the command (Lightroom-desktop keys that our
+/// primary keymap assigns elsewhere, see docs/parity.md → Shortcuts). Shown in Help → Keyboard Shortcuts.
+pub const ALIASES: &[(&str, &str, &str)] = &[
+    ("Cmd+D", "library.selectNone", "{}"),
+    ("Shift+E", "dialog.export", "{}"),
+    ("Space", "view.zoomToggle", "{}"),
+    ("Shift+M", "version.create", "{}"),
+    ("Shift+X", "photo.flag", r#"{"flag": "reject", "advance": true}"#),
+    ("Shift+U", "photo.flag", r#"{"flag": "none", "advance": true}"#),
+];
+
 pub fn parse(s: &str) -> Option<(Modifiers, Key)> {
     let mut m = Modifiers::NONE;
     let mut key = None;
@@ -14,13 +26,14 @@ pub fn parse(s: &str) -> Option<(Modifiers, Key)> {
             "Shift" => m.shift = true,
             "Alt" => m.alt = true,
             "Ctrl" => m.ctrl = true,
+            // "Delete" means the key labelled ⌫ (egui's Backspace); forward-delete also matches, see `matches`.
+            "Delete" => key = Some(Key::Backspace),
             k => {
                 key = Key::from_name(k).or(match k {
                     "Right" => Some(Key::ArrowRight),
                     "Left" => Some(Key::ArrowLeft),
                     "Up" => Some(Key::ArrowUp),
                     "Down" => Some(Key::ArrowDown),
-                    "Delete" => Some(Key::Backspace),
                     "\\" => Some(Key::Backslash),
                     "/" => Some(Key::Slash),
                     "=" => Some(Key::Equals),
@@ -39,7 +52,10 @@ pub fn parse(s: &str) -> Option<(Modifiers, Key)> {
 fn matches(i: &egui::InputState, m: Modifiers, k: Key) -> bool {
     i.events.iter().any(|e| match e {
         egui::Event::Key { key, pressed: true, modifiers, .. } => {
-            *key == k && modifiers.command == m.command && modifiers.shift == m.shift && modifiers.alt == m.alt
+            (*key == k || (k == Key::Backspace && *key == Key::Delete))
+                && modifiers.command == m.command
+                && modifiers.shift == m.shift
+                && modifiers.alt == m.alt
         }
         _ => false,
     })
@@ -53,21 +69,34 @@ pub fn handle(app: &mut LightcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
     let mut fire: Vec<String> = Vec::new();
     // shortcuts the native menu bar handles (it consumes those key presses itself)
     let native = |sc: &str| app.native_shortcuts.contains(sc);
+    let mut aliased: Vec<(&str, serde_json::Value)> = Vec::new();
     ctx.input(|i| {
+        let mut ui_keys = Vec::new();
         for (id, _, sc, _) in crate::menus::UI_COMMANDS {
-            if let Some((m, k)) = sc.filter(|s| !native(s)).and_then(parse)
-                && matches(i, m, k)
-            {
-                fire.push(id.to_string());
+            if let Some((m, k)) = sc.and_then(parse) {
+                ui_keys.push((m, k));
+                if !native(sc.unwrap_or_default()) && matches(i, m, k) {
+                    fire.push(id.to_string());
+                }
             }
         }
         for c in lightcraft_engine::command_specs() {
+            // A UI command bound to the same key wraps the engine command (e.g. `W` opens the
+            // White Balance Selector tool rather than sampling without a point): the UI one wins.
             if let Some((m, k)) = c.shortcut.filter(|s| !native(s)).and_then(parse)
+                && !ui_keys.contains(&(m, k))
                 && matches(i, m, k)
             {
                 fire.push(c.id.to_string());
             }
         }
+        for (sc, id, params) in ALIASES {
+            if let Some((m, k)) = parse(sc).filter(|_| !native(sc))
+                && matches(i, m, k)
+            {
+                aliased.push((id, serde_json::from_str(params).unwrap_or_default()));
+            }
+        }
         // rating 0-5, colour labels 6-9 (with Shift: and advance)
         for (n, key) in [Key::Num0, Key::Num1, Key::Num2, Key::Num3, Key::Num4, Key::Num5].iter().enumerate() {
             if matches(i, Modifiers::NONE, *key) && !native(&n.to_string()) {
@@ -82,12 +111,6 @@ pub fn handle(app: &mut LightcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                 fire.push(format!("label:{label}"));
             }
         }
-        // Shift+P/X/U: flag and advance
-        for (id, key) in [("photo.pick", Key::P), ("photo.reject", Key::X), ("photo.unflag", Key::U)] {
-            if matches(i, Modifiers::SHIFT, key) {
-                fire.push(format!("flagadv:{id}"));
-            }
-        }
     });
     use crate::panels::compare;
     // rating/flag/label keys: in Compare/Survey they act on the active photo only; Shift+key or
@@ -99,6 +122,20 @@ pub fn handle(app: &mut LightcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
             compare::advance(app);
         }
     };
+    for (id, params) in aliased {
+        // flag/rate aliases (Shift+X…) go through the culling path: active photo in Compare/Survey,
+        // `advance` moves to the next candidate there
+        if matches!(id, "photo.flag" | "photo.rate" | "photo.label") {
+            let mut params = params;
+            let advance = params.get("advance").and_then(serde_json::Value::as_bool).unwrap_or(false);
+            if let Some(o) = params.as_object_mut() {
+                o.remove("advance");
+            }
+            cull(app, id, params, advance);
+        } else {
+            let _ = app.run(id, params);
+        }
+    }
     for f in fire {
         if let Some(rest) = f.strip_prefix("rate:") {
             let (n, adv) = rest.split_once(':').unwrap_or(("0", "0"));
@@ -107,8 +144,6 @@ pub fn handle(app: &mut LightcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
             app.toast(ctx, label);
         } else if let Some(l) = f.strip_prefix("label:") {
             cull(app, "photo.label", json!({"label": l}), false);
-        } else if let Some(id) = f.strip_prefix("flagadv:") {
-            cull(app, id, json!({}), true);
         } else if compare::culling(app) && (f == "library.next" || f == "library.previous") {
             let d = if f == "library.next" { 1 } else { -1 };
             let _ = if app.ui.view == crate::state::ViewMode::Compare { compare::compare_step(app, d) } else { compare::survey_step(app, d) };
@@ -120,6 +155,21 @@ pub fn handle(app: &mut LightcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                 _ => app.toast(ctx, "Unflagged"),
             }
         } else {
+            // Delete acts on what's being edited: the active mask in the Masking panel; never the
+            // photo while retouching (spots are removed from their own panel).
+            if f == "photo.delete" {
+                use crate::state::RightPanel as R;
+                match app.ui.right {
+                    R::Masking => {
+                        if app.session.active_mask.is_some() {
+                            let _ = app.run("mask.delete", json!({}));
+                        }
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    R::Remove | R::RedEye => continue,
+                    _ => {}
+                }
+            }
             // X is both reject (library) and swap crop aspect (crop tool)
             if f == "photo.reject" && app.ui.right == crate::state::RightPanel::Crop {
                 let _ = app.run("crop.rotateAspect", json!({}));
@@ -143,6 +193,12 @@ pub fn handle(app: &mut LightcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
+
+    #[test]
+    fn delete_means_the_backspace_key() {
+        assert_eq!(parse("Delete"), Some((Modifiers::NONE, Key::Backspace)));
+        assert_eq!(parse("Cmd+Delete"), Some((Modifiers::COMMAND, Key::Backspace)));
+    }
     use super::*;
 
     #[test]
@@ -164,4 +220,52 @@ mod tests {
             }
         }
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn aliases_parse_and_target_existing_commands() {
+        let ui: Vec<&str> = crate::menus::UI_COMMANDS.iter().map(|c| c.0).collect();
+        for (sc, id, params) in ALIASES {
+            assert!(parse(sc).is_some(), "{id}: {sc}");
+            assert!(ui.contains(id) || lightcraft_engine::find_command(id).is_some(), "alias {sc} → unknown command {id}");
+            assert!(serde_json::from_str::<serde_json::Value>(params).is_ok(), "alias {sc}: bad params");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Engine commands that intentionally share a key and are disambiguated by context in [`handle`].
+    const CONTEXTUAL: &[(&str, &str)] = &[("photo.reject", "crop.rotateAspect")];
+
+    /// No key fires two different actions (a UI command may shadow the engine command it wraps).
+    #[test]
+    fn no_conflicting_bindings() {
+        let mut ui: Vec<((Modifiers, Key), String)> = Vec::new();
+        for (id, _, sc, _) in crate::menus::UI_COMMANDS {
+            if let Some(k) = sc.and_then(parse) {
+                ui.push((k, id.to_string()));
+            }
+        }
+        for (sc, id, _) in ALIASES {
+            ui.push((parse(sc).unwrap(), format!("alias {id}")));
+        }
+        let mut engine: Vec<((Modifiers, Key), &str)> = Vec::new();
+        for c in lightcraft_engine::command_specs() {
+            if let Some(k) = c.shortcut.and_then(parse) {
+                engine.push((k, c.id));
+            }
+        }
+        for (sc, id, _) in ALIASES {
+            let k = parse(sc).unwrap();
+            assert!(!engine.iter().any(|(k2, _)| *k2 == k), "alias {sc} ({id}) shadows an engine shortcut");
+        }
+        for (i, (k, a)) in ui.iter().enumerate() {
+            for (k2, b) in &ui[i + 1..] {
+                assert!(k != k2, "{a} and {b} share a key");
+            }
+        }
+        for (i, (k, a)) in engine.iter().enumerate() {
+            for (k2, b) in &engine[i + 1..] {
+                let contextual = CONTEXTUAL.iter().any(|(x, y)| (x == a && y == b) || (x == b && y == a));
+                assert!(k != k2 || contextual, "{a} and {b} share a key");
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/state.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/state.rs
index 52367fa4e..d2614f470 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/state.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/state.rs
@@ -58,6 +58,10 @@ pub enum BeforeAfter {
     Original,
     SideBySide,
     Split,
+    /// Before above after.
+    TopBottom,
+    /// One image split horizontally: before above the line.
+    SplitTopBottom,
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
diff --git a/docs/gpu-pipeline.md b/docs/gpu-pipeline.md
index 3dc9299d2..88f19924f 100644
--- a/docs/gpu-pipeline.md
+++ b/docs/gpu-pipeline.md
@@ -74,7 +74,19 @@ so CPU numbers are pessimistic; the GPU numbers are less affected):
 | export render 6000×4000 | 1037–1414 ms | 291–330 ms |
 
 GPU timings include the readback of the 8-bit result and the histogram. Device creation + kernel
-compilation: ~0.4 s once per process (lazily, on the first GPU render).
+compilation: ~0.4 s once per process — the desktop app starts it on a background thread at launch
+(`lightcraft_gpu::warm_up`), so the first loupe render doesn't wait for it; other processes create
+the device on their first GPU render. `lightcraft_gpu::ready()` asks without blocking.
+
+## Opening a photo (M5.4)
+- The loupe shows a stand-in at once (`media::QuickJob`): the photo's cached view render for its
+  current settings, else (raws with their import look) the embedded camera JPEG, else a
+  thumbnail-level render; the full render replaces it in place.
+- Raw sources for previews (2560 px) and thumbnails are binned straight from the mosaic
+  (`RawImage::develop_binned`, 2× for a 24 MP preview); only exports / 1:1 demosaic at full size.
+- The next and previous photos in filmstrip order are prepared in the background once the current
+  one is rendered (decoded source kept, view render cached): stepping through photos shows the
+  developed image in ~50 ms.
 
 ## Open items
 - Keep the loupe texture on the GPU (render into an `egui-wgpu` texture on eframe's device instead of
diff --git a/docs/parity.md b/docs/parity.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..edeead7f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/parity.md
@@ -0,0 +1,813 @@
+# Lightroom parity tracker
+
+A living checklist of every Lightroom feature LightCraft aims to match, what we have, and what is missing. Agents and
+humans pick work from **[Top gaps](#top-gaps)**; whoever lands a feature updates its row in the same commit.
+
+- **Ids** come from the (local, gitignored) reference in `plan/lightroom/`: `LR-…` = feature catalog (03),
+  `MENU-…` = menu items (04), `KEY-…` / `KEYC-…` = keyboard shortcuts (06, desktop / Classic), `LRC-…` = Classic
+  extras (08). Ids are stable; never renumber.
+- **Tier** as in the catalog: **P0** core, **P1** important parity, **P2** later / AI / niche, **OOS** out of scope.
+- **Status**: ✅ done (usable end to end; polish may be noted) · 🟡 partial (note says what is missing, or the status
+  is unverified) · ⬜ missing · 🚫 out of scope / not applicable.
+- **Evidence**: `cmd:<id>` = command id (engine `command_specs()` or UI `UI_COMMANDS`), `ctl:<id>` = develop control
+  id (`lightcraft-cli controls`), plus source files. A trailing `*` matches a prefix (`ctl:mixer.*`).
+- Feature names and notes are our own words. No Adobe text, screenshots or assets belong here.
+
+`cargo xtask parity` checks that every `cmd:`/`ctl:` id and file path below still exists (part of `cargo xtask ci`)
+and prints the summary; `cargo xtask parity --write` refreshes the summary table below.
+
+## Summary
+
+<!-- parity:summary -->
+| Section | ✅ | 🟡 | ⬜ | 🚫 | P0 done | P1 done |
+|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|
+| A. Import (IMP) | 2 | 4 | 7 | 1 | 1/4 (25%) | 1/4 (25%) |
+| B. Library management (LIB) | 9 | 4 | 12 | 2 | 7/9 (78%) | 1/9 (11%) |
+| C. Views & navigation (VIEW) | 7 | 2 | 8 | 0 | 7/9 (78%) | 0/4 (0%) |
+| D. Search & filter (FILT) | 2 | 7 | 4 | 0 | 2/4 (50%) | 0/4 (0%) |
+| E. Metadata (META) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2/2 (100%) | 0/2 (0%) |
+| F. Edit panel — global adjustments (EDIT) | 35 | 3 | 10 | 1 | 27/28 (96%) | 8/14 (57%) |
+| G. Profiles (PROF) | 3 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 2/3 (67%) | 1/3 (33%) |
+| H. Crop & rotate (CROP) | 5 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 5/6 (83%) | 0/3 (0%) |
+| I. Remove / healing (REM) | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 2/4 (50%) | 1/3 (33%) |
+| J. Red eye (EYE) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | 0/1 (0%) |
+| K. Masking (MASK) | 6 | 10 | 7 | 0 | 4/8 (50%) | 2/5 (40%) |
+| L. Presets (PRE) | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0/2 (0%) | 1/2 (50%) |
+| M. Versions & history (VER) | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1/1 (100%) | 2/3 (67%) |
+| N. Copy / paste / sync (SYNC) | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3/3 (100%) | 1/1 (100%) |
+| O. Merge (MERGE) | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | — | — |
+| P. Enhance (ENH) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — |
+| Q. HDR (HDR) | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | — | — |
+| R. Video (VID) | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 | — | 0/2 (0%) |
+| S. Export (EXP) | 4 | 6 | 8 | 0 | 2/7 (29%) | 2/7 (29%) |
+| T. Share (SHARE) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | — | — |
+| U. Map & location (MAP) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | — | 0/1 (0%) |
+| V. Preferences (PREF) | 0 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 0/1 (0%) | 0/4 (0%) |
+| W. Cloud & AI infrastructure (CLOUD / AI) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | — | — |
+| X. Cross-cutting behaviours (BEHAV) | 10 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 7/8 (88%) | 3/5 (60%) |
+| Y. Menus | 42 | 19 | 24 | 8 | 37/47 (79%) | 3/23 (13%) |
+| Z. Keyboard shortcuts (desktop) | 45 | 16 | 19 | 1 | 39/52 (75%) | 6/23 (26%) |
+| Lightroom Classic extras | 1 | 17 | 61 | 9 | — | 1/21 (5%) |
+| **Total** | 184 | 110 | 206 | 37 | 148/198 (75%) | 33/144 (23%) |
+<!-- /parity:summary -->
+
+## Top gaps
+
+Ordered by tier, then user value, then (low) effort. Take the first one nobody is working on.
+
+1. **LR-EXP-COLORSPACE** (P0) — export is sRGB only. Add Display P3 / Adobe RGB-compatible / ProPhoto-compatible /
+   Rec.2020 output (our own primaries + ICC from `crates/codecs/src/icc.rs`). High value, low–medium effort.
+2. **LR-FILT-RATING / LR-FILT-FLAG / LR-FILT-LABEL / LR-FILT-TYPE** (P0/P1) — the engine filters already exist
+   (`cmd:library.filter`); there is no filter-bar UI (stars ≥/=/≤, flags, labels, kind, edited). High value, low effort.
+3. **LR-EXP-PREVIOUS + LR-EXP-DIALOG presets** (P0) — remember the last export settings (⌘E "export with previous")
+   and offer built-in export presets (small JPEG, full JPEG, TIFF). Medium value, low effort.
+4. **LR-LIB-SHOWFINDER** (P0) — reveal the original in Finder/Explorer/file manager. Medium value, low effort.
+5. **LR-EDIT-EFFECTS-VIGNETTE** (P0) — the vignette style (highlight priority / colour priority / paint overlay) is
+   rendered but has no UI. Low effort.
+6. **LR-VIEW-BEFOREAFTER** (P0) — add top/bottom and split top/bottom layouts (⌥Y). Low effort.
+7. **LR-MASK-OVERLAY + LR-MASK-PINS** (P0/P1) — show the evaluated mask alpha as a coloured overlay (all mask
+   kinds, colour/opacity choice), not just brush dabs and outlines. High value, medium effort.
+8. **LR-MASK-BRUSH + LR-MASK-SLIDERS** (P0) — apply the stored Auto Mask flag (edge-aware brush) and the local
+   Noise / Moiré / Defringe sliders, which are stored but not rendered. High value, medium effort.
+9. **LR-REM-SPOT-EDIT + LR-REM-BRUSH-PARAMS** (P0) — select a spot pin, move target/source, delete with ⌫,
+   feather/opacity sliders, `[`/`]` size keys. Medium effort.
+10. **LR-VIEW-PHOTOGRID** (P0) — group the justified grid by capture date with headers. Low–medium effort.
+11. **LR-CROP-STRAIGHTEN** (P0) — draw-along-the-horizon straighten tool (+ double-click auto). Low effort.
+12. **LR-PRE-CREATE + LR-PRE-PANEL + LR-BEHAV-PREVIEW-HOVER** (P0/P1) — per-group checkboxes in Create Preset;
+    live preview while hovering presets/profiles/versions. Medium effort.
+13. **LR-PROF-DROPDOWN** (P0) — favourites/recent in the profile menu (and later a browser, LR-PROF-BROWSER).
+14. **LR-LIB-KEYWORD** (P0) — rename/delete a keyword library-wide; keyword list in the left panel for browsing.
+15. **LR-PREF-GENERAL + LR-IMP-RAWDEFAULT** (P0/P1) — a Settings dialog: raw defaults (preset or camera-specific),
+    XMP prefs, cache, GPU. Medium effort.
+16. **LR-IMP-ADD-DIALOG + LR-IMP-LOCAL** (P0) — an import review grid with per-photo checkboxes and destination
+    album; browse folders before adding. Medium effort.
+17. **LR-EXP-TYPE + LR-EXP-DIM** (P0) — Original (+XMP) and DNG export (writer exists in
+    `crates/raw/src/dngwrite.rs`), short edge / width / height / megapixels, "don't enlarge", ppi.
+18. **LR-IMP-FORMATS** (P0) — CR3, compressed NEF/RAF/ORF, RW2 v4 (preview only today); HEIC/AVIF decode (no
+    permissive pure-Rust decoder yet). High value, high effort (clean sources needed).
+19. **MENU-BAR** (P1) — render the existing menu model (`ui.menu.list`) as a native macOS menu / in-window menu bar.
+    High value, medium effort.
+20. **LR-LIB-SMARTALBUM** (P1) — smart albums from the existing filter + fielded search tokens. High value, medium effort.
+21. **LR-LIB-STACK + LR-LIB-VIRTUALCOPY** (P1) — stacks (⌘G) and virtual copies. Medium effort.
+22. **LR-VIEW-FULLSCREEN + LR-VIEW-COMPARE + LR-VIEW-NAVIGATOR + LR-VIEW-INFOOVERLAY** (P1) — view modes. Medium effort.
+23. **LR-LIB-RENAME + LR-LIB-CAPTURETIME + LR-LIB-LABEL UI** (P1) — batch rename, capture-time edit, label menu/names.
+24. **LR-EYE-RED** (P1) — red-eye correction (panel placeholder exists; no render).
+25. **LR-EDIT-COLOR-POINTCOLOR, LR-EDIT-CALIB, LR-EDIT-LIGHT-CURVE-TAT, LR-EDIT-LIGHT-CURVE-REFINESAT** (P1) —
+    missing develop controls (calibration matters for XMP interop).
+26. **LR-EXP-BITDEPTH + LR-EXP-COMPRESSION** (P1) — 16-bit TIFF/PNG and TIFF compression choice.
+27. **LR-EDIT-OPTICS-PROFILE** (P1) — a lens-profile database of our own (embedded DNG/maker corrections work today).
+
+## Shortcuts: conflicts and missing bindings
+
+Compared `plan/lightroom/06-shortcuts.md` (desktop part) with our bindings: command specs in `crates/engine/src/cmd/`,
+`UI_COMMANDS` in `crates/ui-egui/src/menus.rs` and secondary bindings (`ALIASES`) in `crates/ui-egui/src/shortcuts.rs`.
+`no_conflicting_bindings` (same file) fails when one key fires two actions.
+
+**Fixed (M16.1):** added Lightroom-desktop keys as secondary bindings for existing commands — ⌘D Select None, ⇧E
+Export dialog, Space Toggle zoom, ⇧M Create Version, ⇧X Reject + advance, ⇧U Unflag + advance. `⇧Y` fired both
+Before/After Split and the History panel; History lost the binding. `W` and `⇧⌘I` also fired the engine command
+under the UI command that wraps it (a no-op error); the UI command now wins.
+
+**Deliberate differences (our key → Lightroom desktop key)** — each is a conflict with another binding we have:
+
+| Action | Ours | Lightroom desktop | Why |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| Pick flag | P | Z | Z = toggle zoom (Classic convention); P is the Classic pick key |
+| Photos panel (left) | ⌘⇧L | P | P = pick |
+| Expand/collapse edit sections | ⌘⌥1–5 | ⌘1–6 | ⌘0 = Zoom to Fit, ⌘1 = Zoom 100 %; Geometry lives in the Crop panel |
+| Histogram | ⌘⇧H | ⌘0 | ⌘0 = Zoom to Fit |
+| Square Grid | ⇧G | (none; ⇧G = Guided Upright) | Guided Upright is a button in the Crop panel |
+| Export dialog | ⌘⇧E (+ ⇧E) | ⇧E | ⌘⇧E is "Edit in Photoshop" there; no external-editor command yet |
+| Crop overlay cycle | ⇧O | O | O = mask overlay; ⇧O (mask colour / overlay orientation) unused otherwise |
+| Create Version | ⌘⇧S (+ ⇧M) | ⇧M (Windows: Ctrl+⇧S) | — |
+| Select None | ⌘⇧A (+ ⌘D) | ⌘D | — |
+
+**Still missing / broken:**
+- No command yet: F full-screen preview, ⇧⌘F window full screen, ⇧⌘V paste selected,
+  ⌘, settings, ⌘F focus search, ⌘G / ⇧⌘G stacks, A visualize spots, `[` `]` / ⇧`[` ⇧`]`
+  brush size/feather, ⌃H / ⌃M merges, F1 help, ⇧6–9 label + advance.
+- `⌫` in the Masking panel deletes the active mask; spots have no pin selection yet (⌫ does nothing in Remove).
+- `H` opens Remove; Lightroom also uses it (Classic) to hide pins — no pin toggle yet.
+- ⌘M / ⌘H / ⌘Q / ⌘W rely on the platform window defaults (unverified).
+
+<!-- Sections below hold one row per id. Keep the column order: Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Notes. -->
+
+## A. Import (IMP)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-IMP-ADD-DIALOG | Add photos/folders | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:file.addPhotos`, `cmd:library.import` (`mode`, `album`) | file picker + import report; no review grid with per-photo checkboxes / destination album UI |
+| LR-IMP-DRAGDROP | Drop files/folders to import | P0 | ✅ | `crates/ui-egui/src/lib.rs` (dropped files → `cmd:library.import`) | dropping onto a specific album not supported |
+| LR-IMP-DUPES | Skip duplicates by content | P1 | ✅ | `crates/engine/src/import.rs`, `crates/engine/src/tests_import.rs` | |
+| LR-IMP-DEVICE | Import from camera/card | P1 | ⬜ | | no device detection |
+| LR-IMP-AUTO | Watched-folder auto import | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-IMP-PRESET | Preset on import | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-IMP-RAWDEFAULT | Raw defaults | P1 | ⬜ | `crates/engine/src/import.rs` | raws get embedded lens corrections on import; no user raw-default setting |
+| LR-IMP-MIGRATE | Migrate other catalogs | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| LR-IMP-PROFILES | Import profiles & presets | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:file.importPresets`, `cmd:preset.import` | presets (.lcpreset, XMP `crs:`) only; no profile import; Adobe profile formats are deliberately unsupported |
+| LR-IMP-LOCAL | Work on files in place | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:library.import` (mode add), `crates/engine/src/sidecar.rs`, `cmd:library.toggleAutoWriteXmp` | files referenced in place with XMP sidecars; no browse-a-folder-without-adding view |
+| LR-IMP-SIDECAR-SPLIT | Separate XMP sidecar variants | P2 | ⬜ | `cmd:library.xmpPreferences` | sidecar naming option exists (stem/full), no split sidecars |
+| LR-IMP-FORMATS | Supported formats | P0 | 🟡 | `crates/codecs/src/lib.rs`, `crates/raw/src/lib.rs` | JPEG, PNG, TIFF, WebP, JXL, PSD, GIF, BMP; DNG, CR2, ARW, NEF, RAF, RW2, PEF, ORF. Missing: CR3, compressed NEF/RAF/ORF, RW2 v4 (preview only), HEIC/AVIF decode |
+| LR-IMP-CULL-AT-IMPORT | Culling analysis at import | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-IMP-DNG-CONVERT | Convert to DNG on import [Classic] | P2 | ⬜ | `crates/raw/src/dngwrite.rs` | DNG writer exists, not wired to import |
+
+## B. Library management (LIB)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-LIB-ALLPHOTOS | All photos | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:library.source`, `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/left.rs` | |
+| LR-LIB-RECENT-ADDED | Recently added | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:library.source` (`recentlyAdded`) | not grouped by import session |
+| LR-LIB-BYDATE | Browse by date | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:library.filter` (`date`), `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/left.rs` | years only; no month/day tree |
+| LR-LIB-ALBUM | Albums | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:album.create`, `cmd:album.rename`, `cmd:album.delete`, `cmd:album.addPhotos`, `cmd:album.removePhotos`, `cmd:dialog.newAlbum` | no drag photos onto album (LR-BEHAV-DRAGDROP), no album sort |
+| LR-LIB-FOLDER | Folders of albums | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:album.create` (`folder`), `cmd:album.move` | moving is command-only (no drag, no "Move to" menu) |
+| LR-LIB-SMARTALBUM | Smart albums | P1 | ⬜ | `crates/catalog/src/query.rs` | building blocks exist (filter + fielded search tokens) |
+| LR-LIB-SHARED-ALBUM | Shared albums | P2 | ⬜ | | needs a sharing service |
+| LR-LIB-OFFLINE | Keep album offline | P2 | 🚫 | | not applicable: local-first library |
+| LR-LIB-TARGET | Target album | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-LIB-RATING | Star ratings | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:photo.rate` (`advance`), `crates/ui-egui/src/shortcuts.rs` | |
+| LR-LIB-FLAG | Pick / reject flags | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:photo.pick`, `cmd:photo.reject`, `cmd:photo.unflag`, `cmd:photo.flag` | pick key is P (see Shortcuts); no flag cycle |
+| LR-LIB-LABEL | Colour labels | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:photo.label`, keys 6–9 in `crates/ui-egui/src/shortcuts.rs` | no label menu/buttons, no purple key, label names not editable |
+| LR-LIB-KEYWORD | Keywords | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:panel.keywords`, `cmd:photo.setMeta` (`addKeywords`/`removeKeywords`) | no library-wide rename/delete, no keyword browser in the left panel |
+| LR-LIB-PEOPLE | People / faces | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-LIB-STACK | Stacks | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-LIB-VERSIONS | Versions | P1 | ✅ | `cmd:version.create` | see section M |
+| LR-LIB-DELETE | Delete / Recently Deleted | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:photo.delete`, `cmd:photo.restore`, `cmd:photo.deletePermanently` | no confirmation dialog, no auto-purge after N days, no "Empty" |
+| LR-LIB-REMOVE-ALBUM | Remove from album | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:album.removePhotos` | |
+| LR-LIB-DUPLICATE | Duplicate a photo | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-LIB-RENAME | Batch rename | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-LIB-CAPTURETIME | Edit capture time | P1 | ⬜ | | `photo.setMeta` has no capture-time field |
+| LR-LIB-SHOWFINDER | Reveal original in file manager | P0 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-LIB-COVER | Album cover | P2 | ✅ | `cmd:album.setCover` | |
+| LR-LIB-CULL | Assisted culling | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-LIB-ACTIVITY | Comments & likes | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| LR-LIB-QUICKCOLL | Quick collection [Classic] | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-LIB-VIRTUALCOPY | Virtual copies [Classic] | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+
+## C. Views & navigation (VIEW)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-VIEW-PHOTOGRID | Justified photo grid | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:view.photoGrid`, `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/grid.rs` | no grouping by date |
+| LR-VIEW-SQUAREGRID | Square grid | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.squareGrid` | |
+| LR-VIEW-DETAIL | Single-photo view | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.detail`, `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/detail.rs` | |
+| LR-VIEW-EDIT | Edit view | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:panel.edit` | |
+| LR-VIEW-FULLSCREEN | Full-screen preview | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-VIEW-FILMSTRIP | Filmstrip | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.filmstrip` | |
+| LR-VIEW-ZOOM | Zoom & pan | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.zoomFit`, `cmd:view.zoom100`, `cmd:view.zoomIn`, `cmd:view.zoomOut`, `cmd:view.zoomToggle` | steps 25–800 % (not 6–1600 %); Fill only in the bottom bar |
+| LR-VIEW-NAVIGATOR | Navigator mini map | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-VIEW-BEFOREAFTER | Before / after | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:view.showOriginal`, `cmd:view.beforeAfter`, `cmd:view.beforeAfterSplit`, `cmd:view.beforeAfterTopBottom`, `cmd:view.beforeAfterSplitTopBottom` | all four layouts; "before" is always the original (no before-state from history) |
+| LR-VIEW-COMPARE | Compare two photos | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-VIEW-SURVEY | Survey view [Classic] | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-VIEW-INFOOVERLAY | Info overlay on the photo | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-VIEW-SLIDESHOW | Slideshow | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-VIEW-SECONDWINDOW | Second display window [Classic] | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-VIEW-CLIPPING | Clipping indicators | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.clipping` | |
+| LR-VIEW-HISTOGRAM | Histogram | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.histogram`, `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/edit.rs` | no drag-to-adjust on the histogram |
+| LR-VIEW-HDR-DISPLAY | HDR display output | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+
+## D. Search & filter (FILT)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-FILT-SEARCH-META | Text search | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:library.filter` (`text`), `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/topbar.rs`, `crates/catalog/src/query.rs` | fielded tokens (`rating:3`, `iso:>800`, `camera:…`); no suggestions dropdown |
+| LR-FILT-SEARCH-AI | Natural-language search | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-FILT-RATING | Rating filter | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:library.filter` (`rating`, `ratingOp`) | engine + search token only; no filter-bar UI |
+| LR-FILT-FLAG | Flag filter | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:library.filter` (`flag`), `cmd:library.source` (`picks`) | no filter-bar UI (Picks source only) |
+| LR-FILT-LABEL | Colour-label filter | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:library.filter` (`label`) | no UI |
+| LR-FILT-TYPE | Type / edited filter | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:library.filter` (`kind`, `edited`) | no UI; no HDR/panorama/depth kinds |
+| LR-FILT-KEYWORD | Keyword filter | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:library.filter` (`keyword`) | no UI |
+| LR-FILT-CAMERA | Camera / lens filter | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:library.filter` (`camera`) | no UI; lens via text search only |
+| LR-FILT-LOCATION | Location filter | P2 | 🟡 | `cmd:library.filter` (`text`) | free-text match on the location field only |
+| LR-FILT-PEOPLE | People filter | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-FILT-CULL | Culling-score filters | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-FILT-SORT | Sort | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:library.sort`, `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/bottombar.rs` | no colour-label or custom (manual) order |
+| LR-FILT-SAVED | Filter presets [Classic] | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+
+## E. Metadata (META)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-META-INFO | Info panel | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:panel.info`, `cmd:photo.setMeta`, `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/right.rs` | no flash, creator field, map snippet or people |
+| LR-META-COPYRIGHT-DEFAULT | Default copyright on import | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-META-LOCATION | Location editing | P2 | 🟡 | `cmd:photo.setMeta` (`location`) | text field + GPS read; no map, no geocoding |
+| LR-META-COPYPASTE | Copy / paste metadata | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-META-XMP | XMP read/write | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:photo.saveMetadataToFile`, `cmd:photo.readMetadataFromFile`, `cmd:library.xmpPreferences`, `crates/engine/src/sidecar.rs`, `docs/xmp-interop.md` | |
+| LR-META-EXIF-FULL | Full EXIF/IPTC [Classic] | P1 | 🟡 | `crates/meta/src/exif.rs`, `crates/meta/src/iptc.rs` | read and written on export; panel shows a subset; no metadata presets |
+
+## F. Edit panel — global adjustments (EDIT)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-EDIT-AUTO | Auto settings | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:develop.auto`, `crates/pipeline/src/auto.rs` | |
+| LR-EDIT-BW | Black & white | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:develop.treatment` | |
+| LR-EDIT-HDR-MODE | HDR editing | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-EDIT-LIGHT-EXPOSURE | Exposure | P0 | ✅ | `ctl:light.exposure` | |
+| LR-EDIT-LIGHT-CONTRAST | Contrast | P0 | ✅ | `ctl:light.contrast` | |
+| LR-EDIT-LIGHT-HIGHLIGHTS | Highlights | P0 | ✅ | `ctl:light.highlights` | |
+| LR-EDIT-LIGHT-SHADOWS | Shadows | P0 | ✅ | `ctl:light.shadows` | |
+| LR-EDIT-LIGHT-WHITES | Whites | P0 | ✅ | `ctl:light.whites` | |
+| LR-EDIT-LIGHT-BLACKS | Blacks | P0 | ✅ | `ctl:light.blacks` | |
+| LR-EDIT-LIGHT-CURVE-PARAM | Parametric curve | P0 | ✅ | `ctl:curve.highlights`, `ctl:curve.lights`, `ctl:curve.darks`, `ctl:curve.shadows`, `ctl:curve.split*` | |
+| LR-EDIT-LIGHT-CURVE-POINT | Point curve | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:develop.curve`, `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/edit.rs` | no curve presets (linear / medium / strong) |
+| LR-EDIT-LIGHT-CURVE-RGB | Per-channel curves | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:develop.curve` (`channel`) | |
+| LR-EDIT-LIGHT-CURVE-REFINESAT | Curve saturation compensation | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-EDIT-LIGHT-CURVE-TAT | Drag-on-image curve adjust | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-EDIT-COLOR-WB-PRESET | White-balance presets | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:develop.wb` | |
+| LR-EDIT-COLOR-WB-PICKER | White-balance eyedropper | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:tool.wbPicker`, `cmd:develop.wbPick` | no magnified loupe while picking |
+| LR-EDIT-COLOR-TEMP | Temperature | P0 | ✅ | `ctl:wb.temp` | relative scale for non-raw in the UI |
+| LR-EDIT-COLOR-TINT | Tint | P0 | ✅ | `ctl:wb.tint` | |
+| LR-EDIT-COLOR-VIBRANCE | Vibrance | P0 | ✅ | `ctl:color.vibrance` | |
+| LR-EDIT-COLOR-SATURATION | Saturation | P0 | ✅ | `ctl:color.saturation` | |
+| LR-EDIT-COLOR-MIXER-HSL | 8-band colour mixer | P0 | ✅ | `ctl:mixer.*` | no targeted (drag-on-image) mode |
+| LR-EDIT-COLOR-MIXER-BW | B&W mix | P1 | 🟡 | `ctl:bw.*` | no auto mix |
+| LR-EDIT-COLOR-POINTCOLOR | Point colour | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-EDIT-COLOR-GRADING | Colour grading wheels | P0 | ✅ | `ctl:grading.*` | |
+| LR-EDIT-EFFECTS-TEXTURE | Texture | P0 | ✅ | `ctl:effects.texture` | |
+| LR-EDIT-EFFECTS-CLARITY | Clarity | P0 | ✅ | `ctl:effects.clarity` | |
+| LR-EDIT-EFFECTS-DEHAZE | Dehaze | P0 | ✅ | `ctl:effects.dehaze` | |
+| LR-EDIT-EFFECTS-VIGNETTE | Post-crop vignette | P0 | 🟡 | `ctl:vignette.*`, `crates/pipeline/src/finish.rs` | style (highlight / colour priority / paint) rendered but not selectable in the UI |
+| LR-EDIT-EFFECTS-GRAIN | Grain | P1 | ✅ | `ctl:grain.*` | |
+| LR-EDIT-DETAIL-SHARPEN | Sharpening | P0 | ✅ | `ctl:detail.sharpenAmount`, `ctl:detail.sharpenRadius`, `ctl:detail.sharpenDetail`, `ctl:detail.sharpenMasking` | no Alt-drag mask preview |
+| LR-EDIT-DETAIL-NR | Luminance noise reduction | P0 | ✅ | `ctl:detail.nrLuminance`, `ctl:detail.nrDetail`, `ctl:detail.nrContrast` | |
+| LR-EDIT-DETAIL-CNR | Colour noise reduction | P0 | ✅ | `ctl:detail.nrColor`, `ctl:detail.nrColorDetail`, `ctl:detail.nrColorSmoothness` | |
+| LR-EDIT-DETAIL-DENOISE | AI denoise | P2 | ⬜ | | settings field reserved, not rendered |
+| LR-EDIT-DETAIL-RAWDETAILS | Improved demosaic toggle | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-EDIT-DETAIL-SUPERRES | Super resolution | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-EDIT-DETAIL-AISHARPEN | AI sharpen | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| LR-EDIT-OPTICS-CA | Remove chromatic aberration | P1 | ✅ | `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/edit.rs` (checkbox), `ctl:optics.caRed`, `ctl:optics.caBlue` | |
+| LR-EDIT-OPTICS-PROFILE | Lens profile corrections | P1 | 🟡 | `ctl:optics.profileDistortion`, `ctl:optics.profileVignetting`, `crates/pipeline/src/optics.rs` | uses corrections embedded in DNG/raw files; no lens-profile database |
+| LR-EDIT-OPTICS-DEFRINGE | Defringe | P1 | ✅ | `ctl:optics.defringe*` | no fringe eyedropper |
+| LR-EDIT-OPTICS-MANUAL | Manual distortion / vignetting | P1 | ✅ | `ctl:optics.distortion`, `ctl:optics.vignetting`, `ctl:optics.vignettingMidpoint` | |
+| LR-EDIT-GEOM-UPRIGHT | Upright | P1 | ✅ | `cmd:geometry.upright`, `cmd:geometry.guides` | |
+| LR-EDIT-GEOM-MANUAL | Manual transform | P1 | ✅ | `ctl:geometry.*` | |
+| LR-EDIT-GEOM-CONSTRAIN | Constrain crop | P1 | ✅ | `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/right.rs` (checkbox → `cmd:develop.merge`) | |
+| LR-EDIT-GEOM-GRID | Grid while transforming | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-EDIT-LENSBLUR | Lens blur | P2 | ⬜ | | settings field reserved, not rendered |
+| LR-EDIT-CALIB | Calibration [Classic] | P1 | ⬜ | | needed for XMP interop |
+| LR-EDIT-SECTION-TOGGLE | Section on/off | P1 | ✅ | `cmd:develop.sectionEnabled` | |
+| LR-EDIT-RESET | Reset all / section / slider | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:develop.reset`, `cmd:develop.resetSection`, `cmd:develop.resetControl`, `crates/ui-egui/src/widgets.rs` (double-click) | no "reset to open" |
+| LR-EDIT-SHOWORIG | Show original | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.showOriginal` | |
+
+## G. Profiles (PROF)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-PROF-DROPDOWN | Profile menu | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:develop.profile`, `cmd:profiles.list`, `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/edit.rs` | no favourites / recent / browse entry |
+| LR-PROF-BROWSER | Profile browser | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-PROF-ADOBE | Standard raw looks (own equivalents) | P0 | ✅ | `crates/engine/src/presets.rs` (`PROFILES`), `crates/pipeline/src/profiles.rs` | six own looks: Color, Neutral, Vivid, Landscape, Portrait, Monochrome |
+| LR-PROF-ADAPTIVE | Adaptive profiles | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-PROF-CAMERA | Camera-matching looks | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-PROF-CREATIVE | Creative profiles (own) | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-PROF-LEGACY | Legacy profiles | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-PROF-NONRAW | Profiles for non-raw files | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:develop.profile` | same looks apply to JPEG/TIFF |
+| LR-PROF-AMOUNT | Profile amount | P1 | ✅ | `ctl:profile.amount` | |
+| LR-PROF-IMPORT | Import profiles | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+
+## H. Crop & rotate (CROP)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-CROP-RECT | Crop rectangle | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:crop.set`, `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/detail.rs` | |
+| LR-CROP-ASPECT | Aspect ratios | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:crop.aspect`, `cmd:crop.rotateAspect` | no "As Shot"; custom ratio via command params only |
+| LR-CROP-STRAIGHTEN | Straighten tool | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:crop.straighten` | rotate by dragging outside the crop; no draw-along-horizon tool / double-click auto |
+| LR-CROP-AUTO | Auto straighten | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:geometry.upright` (`level`) | via Upright Level; no Auto button in the crop panel |
+| LR-CROP-ANGLE | Angle slider | P0 | ✅ | `ctl:crop.angle` | |
+| LR-CROP-ROTATE90 | Rotate 90° | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:photo.rotateLeft`, `cmd:photo.rotateRight` | |
+| LR-CROP-FLIP | Flip | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:photo.flipHorizontal`, `cmd:photo.flipVertical` | |
+| LR-CROP-OVERLAY | Crop overlays | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:view.cropOverlay` | thirds, grid, golden ratio, diagonal; no triangle / spiral / aspect overlays or orientation cycle |
+| LR-CROP-ZOOM | Zoom while cropping | P1 | 🟡 | | unverified |
+| LR-CROP-GENEXPAND | Generative expand | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+
+## I. Remove / healing (REM)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-REM-CONTENTAWARE | Content-aware remove | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:spot.add` (`mode: remove`), `crates/pipeline/src/spots.rs` | heal with automatic source; no patch synthesis (M8.4) |
+| LR-REM-HEAL | Heal | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:spot.add` (`mode: heal`) | |
+| LR-REM-CLONE | Clone | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:spot.add` (`mode: clone`) | |
+| LR-REM-GEN | Generative remove | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| LR-REM-DETECT | Object detection for remove | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-REM-BRUSH-PARAMS | Brush size / feather / opacity | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:spot.add` (`size`, `feather`, `opacity`), `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/right.rs` | UI has size only; no `[` `]` keys |
+| LR-REM-SPOT-EDIT | Edit existing spots | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:spot.delete` | no pin selection, no moving target/source, ⌫ deletes the photo instead |
+| LR-REM-VISUALIZE | Visualize spots | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-REM-PEOPLE | Remove people (generative) | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| LR-REM-REFLECT | Remove reflections | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-REM-DUST | Dust detection | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-REM-SYNC | Sync spots | P1 | ✅ | `cmd:develop.copy` (`groups`), `crates/develop/src/presets.rs` | |
+
+## J. Red eye (EYE)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-EYE-RED | Red-eye correction | P1 | ⬜ | `cmd:panel.redeye` | placeholder panel; settings field not rendered |
+| LR-EYE-PET | Pet eye | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+
+## K. Masking (MASK)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-MASK-PANEL | Masks panel | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:panel.masking`, `cmd:mask.add`, `cmd:mask.select`, `cmd:mask.rename`, `cmd:mask.duplicate`, `cmd:mask.visible`, `cmd:mask.delete` | no reorder, no one-step duplicate-and-invert |
+| LR-MASK-SUBJECT | Select subject | P2 | 🟡 | `cmd:mask.add` (`subject`), `crates/pipeline/src/masks.rs` | saliency heuristic, no segmentation model |
+| LR-MASK-SKY | Select sky | P2 | 🟡 | `cmd:mask.add` (`sky`) | heuristic |
+| LR-MASK-BACKGROUND | Select background | P2 | 🟡 | `cmd:mask.add` (`background`) | inverse of the subject heuristic |
+| LR-MASK-OBJECTS | Object selection | P2 | ⬜ | | shape exists (falls back to the subject heuristic); no UI |
+| LR-MASK-PEOPLE | People parts | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-MASK-LANDSCAPE | Landscape classes | P2 | ⬜ | | shape exists, evaluates empty |
+| LR-MASK-BRUSH | Brush mask | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:tool.brush`, `cmd:mask.brushStroke` | size/feather/flow/density/erase; Auto Mask flag not applied; no A/B brushes, no pressure |
+| LR-MASK-LINEAR | Linear gradient | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:tool.linear`, `cmd:mask.update` | |
+| LR-MASK-RADIAL | Radial gradient | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:tool.radial`, `cmd:mask.update` | |
+| LR-MASK-COLORRANGE | Colour range | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:mask.add` (`colorRange`) | renders; sampling UX unverified |
+| LR-MASK-LUMRANGE | Luminance range | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:mask.add` (`luminanceRange`) | no luminance-map display |
+| LR-MASK-DEPTHRANGE | Depth range | P2 | ⬜ | | shape exists, needs depth data |
+| LR-MASK-COMBINE | Add / subtract / intersect | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:mask.addComponent` | |
+| LR-MASK-INVERT | Invert | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:mask.invert` | |
+| LR-MASK-AMOUNT | Mask amount | P1 | ✅ | `cmd:mask.adjust` (`amount`), `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/masking.rs` | |
+| LR-MASK-FEATHER-EDGE | Refine mask edges | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-MASK-SLIDERS | Local adjustment sliders | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:mask.adjust`, `crates/pipeline/src/finish.rs` | noise / moiré / defringe stored but not rendered; no local curve or effect presets |
+| LR-MASK-OVERLAY | Mask overlay | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:view.maskOverlay`, `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/detail.rs` | brush dabs + shape outlines only; no rendered alpha, colour or mode options |
+| LR-MASK-PINS | Pins | P1 | 🟡 | `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/detail.rs` | handles drawn; no show/hide-pins option |
+| LR-MASK-UPDATE | Recompute AI masks | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-MASK-SYNC | Copy masks to other photos | P1 | ✅ | `cmd:develop.copy` (`groups`) | |
+| LR-MASK-ADAPTIVE | Adaptive presets | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+
+## L. Presets (PRE)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-PRE-PANEL | Presets panel | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:panel.presets`, `cmd:preset.apply`, `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/presets.rs` | grouped list with amount; no hover preview |
+| LR-PRE-CREATE | Create preset | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:dialog.createPreset`, `cmd:preset.create` (`groups`) | dialog has no per-group checkboxes (fixed subset) |
+| LR-PRE-MANAGE | Manage presets | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:preset.delete`, `cmd:preset.favorite`, `cmd:preset.import`, `cmd:preset.export` | no rename, update-with-current, move group, hide groups |
+| LR-PRE-AMOUNT | Preset amount | P1 | ✅ | `cmd:preset.apply` (`amount` 0–200) | |
+| LR-PRE-ADAPTIVE | Adaptive presets | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-PRE-PREMIUM | Built-in presets (own) | P2 | 🟡 | `crates/engine/src/presets.rs` | 18 own-authored presets |
+| LR-PRE-RECOMMENDED | Community recommendations | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| LR-PRE-ONIMPORT | Apply during import | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+
+## M. Versions & history (VER)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-VER-CREATE | Create version | P1 | ✅ | `cmd:version.create` | |
+| LR-VER-PANEL | Versions panel | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:panel.versions`, `cmd:version.restore`, `cmd:version.delete` | no rename, update, hover preview, named/auto tabs |
+| LR-VER-AUTO | Automatic versions | P2 | ⬜ | | `auto` flag reserved in the model |
+| LR-VER-HISTORY | Edit history | P1 | ✅ | `cmd:panel.activity`, `cmd:history.list`, `cmd:history.restore` | |
+| LR-VER-UNDO | Undo / redo | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:edit.undo`, `cmd:edit.redo` | |
+
+## N. Copy / paste / sync (SYNC)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-SYNC-COPY | Copy edit settings | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:develop.copy` | |
+| LR-SYNC-CHOOSE | Choose settings to copy | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:dialog.copySettings` | groups are coarser than per-slider |
+| LR-SYNC-PASTE | Paste to selection | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:develop.paste` | no separate "paste selected" (choose at copy time instead) |
+| LR-SYNC-SYNCBTN | Sync active → selected | P1 | ✅ | `cmd:develop.sync` | |
+| LR-SYNC-PREVIOUS | Paste from previous / auto sync [Classic] | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+
+## O. Merge (MERGE)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-MERGE-HDR | HDR merge | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-MERGE-PANO | Panorama | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-MERGE-HDRPANO | HDR panorama | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-MERGE-HEADLESS | Merge with last settings | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+
+## P. Enhance (ENH)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-ENH-DIALOG | Enhance dialog | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-ENH-INPLACE | In-place enhance | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+
+## Q. HDR (HDR)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-HDR-EDIT | HDR editing | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-HDR-SDRPREVIEW | SDR preview of HDR | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-HDR-VISUALIZE | Visualize HDR range | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-HDR-LIMIT | HDR headroom limit | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-HDR-EXPORT | HDR export | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+
+## R. Video (VID)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-VID-PLAY | Video playback | P1 | ⬜ | `crates/catalog/src/model.rs` | videos can be catalogued (kind, duration); no player |
+| LR-VID-TRIM | Trim | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-VID-EDIT | Edits on video | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-VID-COVER | Cover frame | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-VID-EXPORT | Video export | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-VID-PHOTO2VIDEO | Photo to video (generative) | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+
+## S. Export (EXP)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-EXP-DIALOG | Export dialog | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:dialog.export`, `cmd:app.export`, `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/dialogs.rs`, `crates/engine/src/export.rs` | batch export works; no built-in or saved export presets |
+| LR-EXP-TYPE | File types | P0 | 🟡 | `crates/engine/src/export.rs` (`ExportFormat`) | JPEG, PNG, TIFF, WebP, AVIF; no DNG, JXL or original (+XMP) |
+| LR-EXP-DIM | Output size | P0 | 🟡 | `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/dialogs.rs` (long edge / full size) | no short edge / width / height / megapixels, ppi, don't-enlarge |
+| LR-EXP-QUALITY | JPEG quality | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:app.export` (`quality`, `limitKb`) | |
+| LR-EXP-BITDEPTH | Bit depth | P1 | ⬜ | | 8-bit only |
+| LR-EXP-COMPRESSION | TIFF compression | P1 | ⬜ | | always Deflate |
+| LR-EXP-COLORSPACE | Output colour space | P0 | ⬜ | `crates/engine/src/export.rs` | sRGB only |
+| LR-EXP-HDR | HDR output | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-EXP-SHARPEN | Output sharpening | P1 | ✅ | `cmd:app.export` (`sharpen`, `sharpenAmount`) | |
+| LR-EXP-METADATA | Metadata policy | P1 | ✅ | `cmd:app.export` (`metadata`, `removeLocation`) | |
+| LR-EXP-WATERMARK | Watermark | P1 | 🟡 | `crates/engine/src/export.rs` (`Watermark`) | text only; no graphic watermark |
+| LR-EXP-NAMING | File naming | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:app.export` (`naming`: `{name}`, `{seq}`) | no date tokens, custom start number |
+| LR-EXP-LOCATION | Destination folder | P0 | 🟡 | `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/dialogs.rs` (folder field) | no folder picker, subfolder or name-conflict policy |
+| LR-EXP-PREVIOUS | Export with previous settings | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:app.exportPrevious`, `cmd:dialog.export` | last options persist in prefs.json; dialog prefilled; no named export presets yet |
+| LR-EXP-DNGOPT | DNG options | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-EXP-ORIGINAL | Original + XMP | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-EXP-PHOTOS | Export to the system photo library | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-EXP-PSD | Round trip to an external editor | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+
+## T. Share (SHARE)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-SHARE-LINK | Web share link | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| LR-SHARE-INVITE | Invite collaborators | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| LR-SHARE-WEBGALLERY | Web galleries | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| LR-SHARE-COMMUNITY | Community edits | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+
+## U. Map & location (MAP)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-MAP-INFO | Location in the info panel | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:photo.setMeta` (`location`), `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/right.rs` | shown as text; not editable in the panel; no map |
+| LR-MAP-MODULE | Map module [Classic] | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+
+## V. Preferences (PREF)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-PREF-GENERAL | General settings | P0 | ⬜ | `cmd:library.xmpPreferences` | no settings dialog; only XMP preferences (by command) |
+| LR-PREF-LOCALSTORAGE | Storage & cache | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:library.clearPreviews`, `cmd:library.compact` | bounded thumbnail cache; no UI for size/location |
+| LR-PREF-ACCOUNT | Account | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| LR-PREF-INTERFACE | Interface options | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-PREF-PERFORMANCE | GPU / performance | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:app.gpu` | by command only |
+| LR-PREF-PEOPLE | Face recognition | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-PREF-WATERMARK | Watermark settings | P1 | 🟡 | `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/dialogs.rs` | per export in the dialog; not saved as a preference |
+| LR-PREF-SHORTCUTS | Shortcut customisation | — | 🚫 | | not customisable in the reference app either; a keymap editor would be an extra |
+| LR-PREF-TECHPREVIEW | Early-access toggles | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-PREF-NOTIFICATIONS | Notifications | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| LR-PREF-DEVICE | Device settings | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+
+## W. Cloud & AI infrastructure (CLOUD / AI)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-CLOUD-SYNC | Cloud sync | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| LR-CLOUD-SMARTPREVIEW | Editable proxies | P2 | 🟡 | `crates/engine/src/media.rs` | preview-size proxies drive the loupe; editing needs the original |
+| LR-AI-UPDATE-INDICATOR | AI-settings update indicator | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-AI-CREDITS | Generative credits | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+
+## X. Cross-cutting behaviours (BEHAV)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-BEHAV-AUTOSAVE | Instant autosave | P0 | ✅ | `crates/catalog/src/journal.rs`, `crates/engine/src/library.rs` | |
+| LR-BEHAV-UNDO | Global undo | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:edit.undo`, `crates/engine/src/tests.rs` (`rating_flag_undo_redo`) | covers ratings, albums, deletes, edits |
+| LR-BEHAV-MULTISELECT | Multi-selection | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:library.select` (`replace`/`add`/`toggle`/`range`), `cmd:library.selectAll` | |
+| LR-BEHAV-BATCH | Batch apply to selection | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:photo.rate`, `cmd:develop.paste`, `cmd:preset.apply`, `cmd:app.export` | |
+| LR-BEHAV-PREVIEW-HOVER | Hover previews | P1 | ⬜ | | presets, profiles, versions |
+| LR-BEHAV-PROGRESSIVE | Progressive rendering | P0 | ✅ | `crates/engine/src/media.rs`, `crates/preview/src/lib.rs` | |
+| LR-BEHAV-BG-TASKS | Background tasks | P0 | 🟡 | `crates/preview/src/lib.rs` (`JobPool`) | renders off the UI thread; no progress popover for import/export |
+| LR-BEHAV-OFFLINE | Offline editing | P1 | ✅ | | local-first: everything works offline |
+| LR-BEHAV-GPU | GPU acceleration | P0 | ✅ | `crates/gpu/src/render.rs`, `cmd:app.gpu`, `docs/gpu-pipeline.md` | CPU fallback |
+| LR-BEHAV-DRAGDROP | Drag and drop | P1 | 🟡 | `crates/ui-egui/src/lib.rs` | files → app only; no photos → albums |
+| LR-BEHAV-TOAST | Toast notifications | P1 | ✅ | `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/mod.rs` | |
+| LR-BEHAV-EMPTY-STATES | Empty states | P1 | ✅ | `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/mod.rs` (`empty_message`) | |
+| LR-BEHAV-TOOLTIPS | Tooltips with shortcuts | P0 | ✅ | `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/bottombar.rs` | |
+| LR-BEHAV-ACCESS | Accessibility | P2 | ⬜ | | unverified (screen-reader labels not audited) |
+| LR-BEHAV-LOCALIZE | Localisation | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-BEHAV-LEARN | Tutorials | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| LR-BEHAV-WHATSNEW | What's new | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LR-BEHAV-AI-EA | Early-access badges | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+
+## Y. Menus
+
+From `04-menu-tree.md`. ✅ = a command exists and is reachable from the UI (button, panel or shortcut). There is no
+visible menu bar yet: the menu model is only exposed through the control channel (`ui.menu.list`).
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| MENU-BAR | Menu bar rendering | P1 | 🟡 | `crates/ui-egui/src/menus.rs` (`menu_entries`) | model only; no native macOS menu or in-window menu bar |
+| MENU-APP-ABOUT | About | P2 | ✅ | `cmd:app.about` | |
+| MENU-APP-SETTINGS | Settings… | P0 | ⬜ | | see LR-PREF-GENERAL |
+| MENU-APP-UPDATES | Check for updates | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-APP-SYNC | Sync status / pause | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| MENU-APP-SIGNOUT | Sign out | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| MENU-APP-HIDE | Hide / hide others / show all | P1 | 🟡 | | platform window defaults (unverified) |
+| MENU-APP-QUIT | Quit | P0 | 🟡 | | platform window defaults (unverified) |
+| MENU-FILE-ADDPHOTOS | Add Photos… | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:file.addPhotos` | |
+| MENU-FILE-ADDFOLDER | Add Folder… | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:library.import` (folders, recursive) | no folder picker entry |
+| MENU-FILE-MIGRATE | Migrate photos | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| MENU-FILE-NEWALBUM | New Album… | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:dialog.newAlbum` | |
+| MENU-FILE-NEWFOLDER | New Folder… | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:dialog.newFolder` | ⇧⌘N |
+| MENU-FILE-NEWSMART | New Smart Album… | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-FILE-IMPORTPROFILES | Import Profiles & Presets… | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:file.importPresets` | presets only |
+| MENU-FILE-EXPORT | Export… | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:dialog.export` | |
+| MENU-FILE-EXPORTPREV | Export with Previous | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:app.exportPrevious` | ⌥⇧⌘E |
+| MENU-FILE-EXPORTPRESETS | Export preset submenu | P0 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-FILE-SHARE | Share / get link / invite | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| MENU-FILE-PHOTOSHOP | Edit in external editor | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-FILE-SHOWFINDER | Show in Finder | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:app.showInFinder` | ⌘R; Explorer on Windows, the folder on Linux; disabled for demo scenes and on the web |
+| MENU-FILE-OFFLINE | Store album locally | P2 | 🚫 | | not applicable: local-first |
+| MENU-FILE-CLOSE | Close Window | P1 | 🟡 | | platform window defaults (unverified) |
+| MENU-EDIT-UNDO | Undo | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:edit.undo` | label does not name the step |
+| MENU-EDIT-REDO | Redo | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:edit.redo` | |
+| MENU-EDIT-COPYPASTE | Copy / paste (edit settings) | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:develop.copy`, `cmd:develop.paste` | |
+| MENU-EDIT-CHOOSECOPY | Choose Edit Settings to Copy… | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:dialog.copySettings` | |
+| MENU-EDIT-PASTESELECTED | Paste Selected Settings | P0 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-EDIT-SELECTALL | Select All | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:library.selectAll` | |
+| MENU-EDIT-SELECTNONE | Select None | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:library.selectNone` | |
+| MENU-EDIT-SELECTBY | Select by flag / rating | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-EDIT-FIND | Find… | P0 | 🟡 | `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/topbar.rs` | search field; no command to focus it |
+| MENU-VIEW-PHOTOGRID | Photo Grid | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.photoGrid` | |
+| MENU-VIEW-SQUAREGRID | Square Grid | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.squareGrid` | |
+| MENU-VIEW-DETAIL | Detail | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.detail` | |
+| MENU-VIEW-EDIT | Edit | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:panel.edit` | |
+| MENU-VIEW-FULLSCREENPREVIEW | Full Screen Preview | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-VIEW-ENTERFULLSCREEN | Enter Full Screen | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-VIEW-PHOTOSPANEL | Show/Hide photos panel | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.leftPanel` | |
+| MENU-VIEW-FILMSTRIP | Show/Hide filmstrip | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.filmstrip` | |
+| MENU-VIEW-INFO | Show/Hide info | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:panel.info` | |
+| MENU-VIEW-KEYWORDS | Show/Hide keywords | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:panel.keywords` | |
+| MENU-VIEW-ACTIVITY | Show/Hide activity (comments) | OOS | 🚫 | | our History panel is `panel.activity` |
+| MENU-VIEW-VERSIONS | Show/Hide versions | P1 | ✅ | `cmd:panel.versions` | |
+| MENU-VIEW-HISTOGRAM | Show/Hide histogram | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.histogram` | |
+| MENU-VIEW-INFOOVERLAY | Show info overlay | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-VIEW-SHOWORIGINAL | Show Original | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.showOriginal` | |
+| MENU-VIEW-BEFOREAFTER | Before/After submenu | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.beforeAfter`, `cmd:view.beforeAfterSplit`, `cmd:view.beforeAfterTopBottom`, `cmd:view.beforeAfterSplitTopBottom` | |
+| MENU-VIEW-ZOOM | Zoom in / out / toggle / fit / 1:1 | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.zoomIn`, `cmd:view.zoomOut`, `cmd:view.zoomToggle`, `cmd:view.zoomFit`, `cmd:view.zoom100` | |
+| MENU-VIEW-CLIPPING | Show Clipping | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.clipping` | |
+| MENU-VIEW-MASKOVERLAY | Mask overlay / cycle colour | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:view.maskOverlay` | no colour cycle |
+| MENU-VIEW-INCLUDESUBFOLDERS | Include subfolders | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:library.import` | folder import is always recursive |
+| MENU-VIEW-SORT | Sort submenu | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:library.sort` | no colour-label key |
+| MENU-VIEW-STACKS | Expand/collapse stacks | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-VIEW-PHOTOCOUNT | Show photo counts | P2 | 🟡 | `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/left.rs` | counts always shown; no toggle |
+| MENU-VIEW-HDR | HDR display options | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-PHOTO-ADDTOALBUM | Add to album | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:album.addPhotos` | |
+| MENU-PHOTO-REMOVEFROMALBUM | Remove from album | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:album.removePhotos` | |
+| MENU-PHOTO-RATE | Rate submenu | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:photo.rate` | |
+| MENU-PHOTO-FLAG | Flag submenu | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:photo.flag` | |
+| MENU-PHOTO-LABEL | Colour label submenu | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:photo.label` | keys only; no menu, no label editing |
+| MENU-PHOTO-ROTATE | Rotate left / right | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:photo.rotateLeft`, `cmd:photo.rotateRight` | |
+| MENU-PHOTO-FLIP | Flip horizontal / vertical | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:photo.flipHorizontal`, `cmd:photo.flipVertical` | |
+| MENU-PHOTO-CREATEVERSION | Create Version… | P1 | ✅ | `cmd:version.create` | no name prompt |
+| MENU-PHOTO-STACK | Stack submenu | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-PHOTO-MERGE | Photo merge submenu | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-PHOTO-ENHANCE | Enhance… | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-PHOTO-AUTO | Auto settings | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:develop.auto` | |
+| MENU-PHOTO-BW | Convert to B&W | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:develop.treatment` | |
+| MENU-PHOTO-RESET | Reset edits / crop | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:develop.reset`, `cmd:crop.reset` | |
+| MENU-PHOTO-UPDATEAI | Update AI settings | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-PHOTO-RENAME | Rename N photos… | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-PHOTO-CAPTURETIME | Edit capture time… | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-PHOTO-COVER | Set as album cover | P2 | ✅ | `cmd:album.setCover` | |
+| MENU-PHOTO-DELETE | Delete N photos… | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:photo.delete` | no confirmation; static label |
+| MENU-PHOTO-MOVETOCLOUD | Move/copy to cloud | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| MENU-WINDOW-MINIMIZE | Minimize / zoom | P1 | 🟡 | | platform window defaults (unverified) |
+| MENU-WINDOW-PANELS | Panel switches | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:panel.edit`, `cmd:panel.crop`, `cmd:panel.remove`, `cmd:panel.masking`, `cmd:panel.presets`, `cmd:panel.versions` | |
+| MENU-WINDOW-BRINGFRONT | Bring all to front | P2 | 🟡 | | platform window defaults (unverified) |
+| MENU-HELP-HELP | Help | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-HELP-TUTORIALS | Tutorials | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| MENU-HELP-WHATSNEW | What's new | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-HELP-SHORTCUTS | Keyboard shortcuts | P1 | ✅ | `cmd:app.shortcuts` | |
+| MENU-HELP-FEEDBACK | Send feedback | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-HELP-SYSINFO | System info | P2 | ⬜ | `cmd:library.info` | library info only |
+| MENU-CTX-GRID | Photo context menu | P0 | 🟡 | `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/grid.rs` (`context_menu`) | rate, flag, add to album, copy/paste, reset, rotate, delete; no label, remove from album, export, reveal, version, cover |
+| MENU-CTX-DETAIL | Loupe context menu | P1 | 🟡 | `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/detail.rs` | same as grid; no zoom submenu |
+| MENU-CTX-ALBUM | Album / folder row menu | P0 | 🟡 | `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/left.rs` | add selected, rename, delete; no move-to, export album |
+| MENU-CTX-MASK | Mask / component menu | P0 | 🟡 | `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/masking.rs` | add/subtract component; rename/duplicate by command only |
+| MENU-CTX-PRESET | Preset menu | P1 | 🟡 | `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/presets.rs` | favourite, delete, export group; no rename/update/move |
+| MENU-CTX-PROFILE | Profile favourites | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| MENU-CTX-VERSION | Version menu | P1 | ⬜ | | delete button only |
+| MENU-CTX-KEYWORD | Keyword chip menu | P1 | 🟡 | `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/right.rs` | click removes; no rename/delete keyword |
+
+## Z. Keyboard shortcuts (desktop)
+
+From `06-shortcuts.md` part 1. Evidence is our binding; conflicts are explained in
+[Shortcuts: conflicts and missing bindings](#shortcuts-conflicts-and-missing-bindings).
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| KEY-CROP | Crop & rotate — C | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:panel.crop` | |
+| KEY-DETAIL | Detail — D | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.detail` | |
+| KEY-EDIT | Edit — E | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:panel.edit` | |
+| KEY-FULLSCREEN | Full-screen preview — F | P1 | ⬜ | | no command |
+| KEY-GRID | Grid — G | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.photoGrid` | |
+| KEY-INFO | Info — I | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:panel.info` | |
+| KEY-KEYWORDS | Keywords — K | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:panel.keywords` | |
+| KEY-CLIPBOARD | Copy / paste edit settings — ⌘C / ⌘V | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:develop.copy`, `cmd:develop.paste` | ⌘X has nothing to cut outside text fields |
+| KEY-UNDOREDO | Undo / redo — ⌘Z / ⇧⌘Z | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:edit.undo`, `cmd:edit.redo` | |
+| KEY-MINIMIZE | Minimize — ⌘M | P1 | 🟡 | | platform default (unverified) |
+| KEY-AUTO | Auto — ⇧A | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:develop.auto` | |
+| KEY-PHOTOSHOP | External editor — ⇧⌘E | P2 | ⬜ | | key used by our export dialog |
+| KEY-ROTATE | Rotate — ⌘[ / ⌘] | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:photo.rotateLeft`, `cmd:photo.rotateRight` | |
+| KEY-ZOOM | Zoom in / out — ⌘= / ⌘− | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.zoomIn`, `cmd:view.zoomOut` | |
+| KEY-SELECTALL | Select all — ⌘A | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:library.selectAll` | |
+| KEY-SELECTNONE | Select none — ⌘D | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:library.selectNone` | secondary binding (primary ⌘⇧A) |
+| KEY-PASTESELECTED | Paste selected — ⇧⌘V | P0 | ⬜ | | no command |
+| KEY-PREFS | Settings — ⌘, | P0 | ⬜ | | no command |
+| KEY-SEARCH | Search — ⌘F | P0 | ⬜ | | no focus-search command |
+| KEY-VISUALIZESPOTS | Visualize spots — A | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| KEY-CYCLEOVERLAY | Cycle overlay — O | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:view.maskOverlay`, `cmd:view.cropOverlay` | O toggles the mask overlay; crop overlays cycle on ⇧O |
+| KEY-PHOTOSPANEL | Photos panel — P | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:view.leftPanel` | bound to ⌘⇧L; P = pick |
+| KEY-LINEAR | Linear gradient — L | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:tool.linear` | |
+| KEY-RADIAL | Radial gradient — R | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:tool.radial` | |
+| KEY-CLIPPING | Clipping — J | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.clipping` | |
+| KEY-WB | White-balance selector — W | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:tool.wbPicker` | |
+| KEY-FILMSTRIP | Filmstrip — / | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.filmstrip` | |
+| KEY-SHOWORIGINAL | Show original — \ | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.showOriginal` | |
+| KEY-TOGGLEZOOM | Toggle zoom — Space | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.zoomToggle` | Space is a secondary binding (primary Z) |
+| KEY-MASKCOLOR | Cycle mask colour — ⇧O | P1 | ⬜ | | ⇧O cycles crop overlays |
+| KEY-EXPORTPREV | Export with previous — ⌘E | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:app.exportPrevious` | bound to ⌥⇧⌘E (Classic); ⌘E not bound |
+| KEY-EXPORTDIALOG | Export dialog — ⇧E | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:dialog.export` | secondary binding (primary ⌘⇧E) |
+| KEY-ENTERFULLSCREEN | Window full screen — ⇧⌘F | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| KEY-STACK | Group / ungroup stack — ⌘G / ⇧⌘G | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| KEY-GUIDEDUPRIGHT | Guided Upright — ⇧G | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:geometry.upright` | button in the crop panel; ⇧G = Square Grid |
+| KEY-HIDE | Hide / hide others — ⌘H / ⌥⌘H | P1 | 🟡 | | platform default (unverified) |
+| KEY-QUIT | Quit — ⌘Q | P0 | 🟡 | | platform default (unverified) |
+| KEY-CREATEVERSION | Create version — ⇧M | P1 | ✅ | `cmd:version.create` | secondary binding (primary ⌘⇧S) |
+| KEY-CLOSEWINDOW | Close window — ⌘W | P1 | 🟡 | | platform default (unverified) |
+| KEY-DELETE | Delete photo — ⌫ | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:photo.delete` | |
+| KEY-ADDPHOTOS | Add photos — ⇧⌘I | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:file.addPhotos` | |
+| KEY-VERSIONS | Versions panel — ⇧V | P1 | ✅ | `cmd:panel.versions` | |
+| KEY-SECTIONS | Expand/collapse edit sections — ⌘1…⌘6 | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:section.light`, `cmd:section.color`, `cmd:section.effects`, `cmd:section.detail`, `cmd:section.optics` | bound to ⌘⌥1–5 |
+| KEY-PRESETS | Presets panel — ⇧P | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:panel.presets` | |
+| KEY-HISTOGRAM | Histogram — ⌘0 | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:view.histogram` | bound to ⌘⇧H; ⌘0 = zoom to fit |
+| KEY-BRUSHSIZE | Brush size — `[` / `]` | P0 | ⬜ | | brush size is UI state, no command |
+| KEY-BRUSHFEATHER | Brush feather — ⇧`[` / ⇧`]` | P0 | ⬜ | | |
+| KEY-BRUSH | Brush — B | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:tool.brush` | |
+| KEY-HEAL | Remove / heal — H | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:panel.remove` | |
+| KEY-MERGE | HDR / panorama merges — ⌃H ⇧⌃H ⌃M ⇧⌃M | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| KEY-PICK | Pick — Z | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:photo.pick` | bound to P; Z toggles zoom |
+| KEY-UNFLAG | Unflag — U | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:photo.unflag` | |
+| KEY-REJECT | Reject — X | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:photo.reject` | swaps crop aspect while cropping |
+| KEY-RATING | Ratings — 0…5 | P0 | ✅ | `crates/ui-egui/src/shortcuts.rs` → `cmd:photo.rate` | |
+| KEY-LABELS | Labels — 6…9 | P1 | ✅ | `crates/ui-egui/src/shortcuts.rs` → `cmd:photo.label` | |
+| KEY-MASKING | Masking — M | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:panel.masking` | |
+| KEY-ERASE | Erase while held — ⌥ | P0 | 🟡 | `crates/ui-egui/src/panels/masking.rs` | Add/Erase toggle buttons; hold-to-erase unverified |
+| KEY-RATEADVANCE | Rate and advance — ⇧0…5 | P1 | ✅ | `crates/ui-egui/src/shortcuts.rs` → `cmd:photo.rate` (`advance`) | |
+| KEY-FLAGADVANCE | Flag and advance — ⇧Z / ⇧X / ⇧U | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:photo.flag` (`advance`) | ⇧X and ⇧U bound; pick-and-advance has no key (⇧P = presets) |
+| KEY-NEXTPREV | Next / previous — → / ← | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:library.next`, `cmd:library.previous` | |
+| KEY-BA-CYCLE | Before/after — Y | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.beforeAfter` | toggles side by side (no cycling) |
+| KEY-BA-TOPBOTTOM | Before/after top/bottom — ⌥Y | P1 | ✅ | `cmd:view.beforeAfterTopBottom`, `cmd:view.beforeAfterSplitTopBottom` | ⌥Y, ⇧⌥Y |
+| KEY-BA-SPLIT | Split before/after — ⇧Y | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.beforeAfterSplit` | |
+| KEY-CHOOSECOPY | Choose settings to copy — ⇧⌘C | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:dialog.copySettings` | |
+| KEY-RESETALL | Reset all — ⇧⌘R | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:develop.reset` | |
+| KEY-GENAI | Generative toggles / variations — ⌥⇧G, ⌥←/→ | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| KEY-DETECT | Detect objects — ⌥⇧O | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| KEY-CROP-CONSTRAIN | Lock crop aspect — A | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| KEY-CROP-SWAP | Swap crop orientation — X | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:crop.rotateAspect` | |
+| KEY-CROP-OVERLAYORIENT | Crop overlay orientation — ⇧O | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| KEY-CROP-RESET | Reset crop — ⌥⌘R | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:crop.reset` | |
+| KEY-STRAIGHTEN | Straighten while held — ⌘ drag | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| KEY-SLIDER-RESET | Reset slider — double-click | P0 | ✅ | `crates/ui-egui/src/widgets.rs` | |
+| KEY-SLIDER-NUDGE | Nudge slider — ↑/↓ | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:develop.adjust` | command exists; keyboard nudging unverified |
+| KEY-SHORTCUTS | Shortcut list — ⌘/ | P1 | ✅ | `cmd:app.shortcuts` | |
+| KEY-HELP | Help — F1 | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| KEY-VIDEO-PLAY | Play/pause video — Space | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| KEY-ESC | Leave tool / view — Esc | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:view.back` | |
+| KEY-COMMIT | Commit tool — Return | P1 | 🟡 | | edits apply live; no explicit commit step |
+| KEY-DELETE-PIN | Delete selected pin — ⌫ | P0 | 🟡 | `cmd:mask.delete` | ⌫ deletes the active mask in the Masking panel and never the photo while retouching; no spot pin selection yet |
+| KEY-HIDEPINS | Hide pins — H | P2 | ⬜ | | H = Remove panel |
+
+## Lightroom Classic extras
+
+From `08-lightroom-classic-extras.md` (Classic-only features) and part 2 of `06-shortcuts.md` (Classic keys, grouped).
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LRC-LIB-IMPORT | Full import dialog | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:library.import` (`mode: copy`) | copy/add + duplicate skip; no file renaming, apply-during-import, destination organising, import presets |
+| LRC-LIB-AUTOIMPORT | Watched-folder import | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-LIB-TETHER | Tethered capture | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-LIB-VIEWS | Grid / loupe / compare / survey / people | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:view.photoGrid`, `cmd:view.detail` | no compare, survey, people; no grid cell styles beyond filenames |
+| LRC-LIB-COMPARE | Compare view | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-LIB-SURVEY | Survey view | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-LIB-REFVIEW | Reference view | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-LIB-CATALOG-PANEL | Catalog sets | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:library.source` | all, recently added, picks, recently deleted; no missing/problem sets |
+| LRC-LIB-FOLDERS | Disk folder tree | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-LIB-COLLECTIONS | Collections & sets | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:album.create` | albums + folders; no smart / quick / target collections |
+| LRC-LIB-SMARTCOLL | Smart-collection rules | P1 | ⬜ | `crates/catalog/src/query.rs` | fielded search tokens are a start |
+| LRC-LIB-PUBLISH | Publish services | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-LIB-FILTERBAR | Library filter bar | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:library.filter` | engine filter + text tokens; no filter bar, presets, lock |
+| LRC-LIB-STACKS | Stacks (full) | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-LIB-VC | Virtual copies | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-LIB-LABELS | Colour-label sets | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-LIB-KEYWORDS | Hierarchical keywords, sets, painter | P1 | ⬜ | | flat keywords only (LR-LIB-KEYWORD) |
+| LRC-LIB-METADATA | Metadata panel & presets | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:photo.setMeta`, `cmd:photo.saveMetadataToFile`, `cmd:photo.readMetadataFromFile` | no metadata presets, capture-time edit, copyright status |
+| LRC-LIB-QUICKDEV | Quick develop | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-LIB-PEOPLE | People view | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-LIB-COMMENTS | Comments panel | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-LIB-VISUALSEARCH | Find similar photos | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-LIB-MISSING | Missing files & relink | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-LIB-CONVERT | Convert to DNG | P2 | ⬜ | `crates/raw/src/dngwrite.rs` | writer exists, not exposed |
+| LRC-LIB-PREVIEWS | Build / discard previews | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:library.clearPreviews`, `crates/preview/src/lib.rs` | disk thumbnail cache; no build-1:1 / smart previews |
+| LRC-LIB-SLIDESHOW-IMPROMPTU | Impromptu slideshow | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-DEV-SNAPSHOTS | Named snapshots | P1 | ✅ | `cmd:version.create`, `cmd:version.restore` | = versions |
+| LRC-DEV-HISTORY | Full history panel | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:history.list`, `cmd:history.restore` | no clear, no snapshot-from-step |
+| LRC-DEV-SOFTPROOF | Soft proofing | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-DEV-AUTOSYNC | Sync / auto sync / paste previous | P1 | 🟡 | `cmd:develop.sync` | no auto sync or paste-from-previous |
+| LRC-DEV-MATCHEXP | Match total exposures | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-DEV-CALIB | Calibration panel | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-DEV-TAT | Targeted adjustment tools | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-DEV-DEFAULTS | Per-camera raw defaults | P1 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-DEV-VIEWOPTIONS | Develop view options | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-DEV-VIDEO | Video frame capture | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-MAP-VIEW | Map view | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-MAP-GEOTAG | Drag photos onto the map | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-MAP-LOCATIONS | Saved locations | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-MAP-TRACKLOG | GPS track logs | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-MAP-FILTER | Location filter bar | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-MAP-REVGEO | Reverse geocoding | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| LRC-BOOK-SETTINGS | Book settings | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-BOOK-AUTOLAYOUT | Book auto layout | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-BOOK-PAGE | Book pages & templates | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-BOOK-GUIDES | Book guides | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-BOOK-CELL | Book cell padding | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-BOOK-TEXT | Book photo/page text | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-BOOK-TYPE | Book typography | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-BOOK-BG | Book backgrounds | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-BOOK-VIEWS | Book views | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-BOOK-EXPORT | Book export (PDF/JPEG) | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-SS-TEMPLATES | Slideshow templates | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-SS-OPTIONS | Slideshow options | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-SS-LAYOUT | Slideshow layout | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-SS-OVERLAYS | Slideshow overlays | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-SS-BACKDROP | Slideshow backdrop | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-SS-TITLES | Slideshow titles | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-SS-MUSIC | Slideshow music | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-SS-PLAYBACK | Slideshow playback | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-SS-EXPORT | Slideshow export | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-PRINT-LAYOUTSTYLE | Print layout styles | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-PRINT-IMAGESETTINGS | Print image settings | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-PRINT-LAYOUT | Print layout | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-PRINT-GUIDES | Print guides | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-PRINT-CELLS | Picture-package cells | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-PRINT-PAGE | Print page options | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-PRINT-JOB | Print job & colour management | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-PRINT-TEMPLATES | Print templates | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| LRC-WEB-LAYOUT | Web gallery layouts | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| LRC-WEB-SITEINFO | Web gallery site info | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| LRC-WEB-COLOR | Web gallery colours | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| LRC-WEB-APPEARANCE | Web gallery appearance | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| LRC-WEB-IMAGEINFO | Web gallery image info | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| LRC-WEB-OUTPUT | Web gallery output | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| LRC-WEB-UPLOAD | Web gallery upload | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+| KEYC-PANELS | Classic panel keys (Tab, ⇧Tab, T, F5–F8, solo) | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| KEYC-MODULES | Classic module switching (⌘⌥1–7) | P2 | 🚫 | | no modules in LightCraft |
+| KEYC-VIEWS | Classic view keys (E, G, C, N, L, F, I, ⇧R, ⌘⌥0) | P2 | 🟡 | `cmd:view.photoGrid`, `cmd:view.zoom100` | G works; E opens Edit (not loupe); no compare/survey/lights-out/screen modes |
+| KEYC-SECONDWINDOW | Classic secondary-window keys | P2 | ⬜ | | |
+| KEYC-CATALOG | Classic photo/catalog keys (⇧⌘I, ⌘', ⌘R, F2, ⌫, ⇧⌘E…) | P2 | 🟡 | `cmd:library.import`, `cmd:photo.delete`, `cmd:dialog.export` | import, delete, export work; no virtual copy, reveal, rename |
+| KEYC-COMPARE | Classic grid/compare keys (Z, Home/End, =/−, ⌘⇧D, S…) | P2 | 🟡 | `cmd:view.zoomToggle` | Z toggles zoom; no compare, stacks, thumbnail-size keys |
+| KEYC-RATING | Classic rating/flag keys (1–5, ⇧1–5, 6–9, P, X, U, ⇧X, ⇧U, `[` `]`, \`) | P2 | 🟡 | `cmd:photo.rate`, `cmd:photo.pick`, `cmd:photo.flag` | most work; no ⇧P / ⇧6–9 advance, rating `[` `]`, flag cycle, filter-bar keys |
+| KEYC-COLLECTIONS | Classic collection keys (⌘N, B…) | P2 | 🟡 | `cmd:dialog.newAlbum` | ⌘N new album; no quick collection |
+| KEYC-METADATA | Classic keyword/metadata keys (⌘K, ⌘S, ⌘⌥⇧C/V…) | P2 | 🟡 | `cmd:photo.saveMetadataToFile` | ⌘S saves metadata; no keyword sets, metadata copy/paste |
+| KEYC-DEVELOP | Classic develop keys (V, ⌘U, ⇧⌘U, R, Q, K, M, ⇧M, ⇧W, ⇧J, ⇧Q…) | P2 | 🟡 | `cmd:develop.treatment`, `cmd:develop.reset`, `cmd:crop.reset` | V, ⇧⌘R, ⌥⌘R, W, J, Y, ⇧Y, \ match; R/K/M/⇧M differ; no Classic keymap layer |
+| KEYC-MODULE-OUTPUT | Book / slideshow / print / map / web keys | P2 | ⬜ | | modules not implemented |
+| KEYC-HELP | Classic help keys (⌘/, F1) | P2 | 🟡 | `cmd:app.shortcuts` | ⌘/ only |
diff --git a/xtask/src/bench.rs b/xtask/src/bench.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7f94f37fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xtask/src/bench.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+//! `cargo xtask bench [FILE] [--strict] [--threshold PCT]`: run the end-to-end render benchmark, record
+//! the results in `target/bench/history.jsonl` (one JSON object per run, with git revision and load
+//! average) and compare with the previous run.
+//!
+//! Comparisons use **process CPU time**, which reflects the work done even on a busy shared machine;
+//! wall-clock is recorded for reference. `--strict` exits non-zero when a CPU metric regressed by more
+//! than the threshold (default 20 %).
+
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+use std::path::Path;
+use std::process::Command;
+
+/// Parse `render_bench` output lines such as
+/// `loupe draft 1152×768 cold:  cpu: 379.5 ms wall, 139.5 ms cpu  |  gpu: 19.9 ms wall, 17.2 ms cpu`
+/// or `export JPEG encode:  63.9 ms wall, 278.0 ms cpu` into `name/backend/{wall,cpu}` → ms.
+pub fn parse(output: &str) -> BTreeMap<String, f64> {
+    let mut out = BTreeMap::new();
+    for line in output.lines() {
+        let Some((name, rest)) = line.split_once(':') else { continue };
+        if !rest.contains(" ms ") {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let name = name.trim();
+        for seg in rest.split('|') {
+            let seg = seg.trim();
+            let (backend, body) = match seg.split_once(':') {
+                Some((b, body)) if matches!(b.trim(), "cpu" | "gpu") => (b.trim(), body),
+                _ => ("cpu", seg),
+            };
+            for part in body.split(',') {
+                let toks: Vec<&str> = part.split_whitespace().collect();
+                if let [v, "ms", kind] = toks[..]
+                    && let Ok(v) = v.parse::<f64>()
+                    && matches!(kind, "wall" | "cpu")
+                {
+                    out.insert(format!("{name}/{backend}/{kind}"), v);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+/// CPU-time metrics that got slower than `threshold` (fraction) vs `prev`: (key, prev, now).
+pub fn regressions(prev: &BTreeMap<String, f64>, now: &BTreeMap<String, f64>, threshold: f64) -> Vec<(String, f64, f64)> {
+    now.iter()
+        .filter(|(k, _)| k.ends_with("/cpu"))
+        .filter_map(|(k, &v)| prev.get(k).map(|&p| (k.clone(), p, v)))
+        .filter(|(_, p, v)| *p > 1.0 && *v > p * (1.0 + threshold))
+        .collect()
+}
+
+fn load_avg() -> Option<f64> {
+    let out = Command::new("uptime").output().ok()?;
+    let s = String::from_utf8_lossy(&out.stdout);
+    let tail = s.rsplit_once("load average")?.1;
+    tail.trim_start_matches(['s', ':', ' ']).split([',', ' ']).find(|t| !t.is_empty())?.parse().ok()
+}
+
+fn git_rev(root: &Path) -> String {
+    Command::new("git")
+        .args(["rev-parse", "--short", "HEAD"])
+        .current_dir(root)
+        .output()
+        .ok()
+        .map(|o| String::from_utf8_lossy(&o.stdout).trim().to_string())
+        .unwrap_or_default()
+}
+
+pub fn run(root: &Path, args: &[&str]) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let strict = args.contains(&"--strict");
+    let threshold =
+        args.iter().position(|a| *a == "--threshold").and_then(|i| args.get(i + 1)).and_then(|v| v.parse::<f64>().ok()).unwrap_or(20.0) / 100.0;
+    let file = args.iter().find(|a| !a.starts_with("--") && a.parse::<f64>().is_err()).map(|s| s.to_string());
+    let file = file.or_else(|| {
+        let default = root.join("corpus/raw/arw-sony-a7m3-compressed.arw");
+        default.exists().then(|| default.to_string_lossy().to_string())
+    });
+    let mut cmd = crate::cargo();
+    cmd.args(["run", "--release", "-q", "-p", "lightcraft-engine", "--example", "render_bench", "--"]);
+    if let Some(f) = &file {
+        cmd.arg(f);
+    }
+    eprintln!("$ cargo run --release -p lightcraft-engine --example render_bench -- {}", file.as_deref().unwrap_or("(procedural 24 MP source)"));
+    let out = cmd.output().map_err(|e| format!("render_bench: {e}"))?;
+    let text = String::from_utf8_lossy(&out.stdout).to_string();
+    print!("{text}");
+    if !out.status.success() {
+        return Err(format!("render_bench failed:\n{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&out.stderr)));
+    }
+    let metrics = parse(&text);
+    if metrics.is_empty() {
+        return Err("no metrics parsed from render_bench output".into());
+    }
+    let dir = root.join("target/bench");
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+    let hist = dir.join("history.jsonl");
+    let prev: Option<BTreeMap<String, f64>> = std::fs::read_to_string(&hist)
+        .ok()
+        .and_then(|s| s.lines().rev().find(|l| !l.trim().is_empty()).map(str::to_string))
+        .and_then(|l| serde_json::from_str::<serde_json::Value>(&l).ok())
+        .and_then(|v| serde_json::from_value(v["metrics"].clone()).ok());
+    let rec = serde_json::json!({
+        "rev": git_rev(root),
+        "time": std::time::SystemTime::now().duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH).map(|d| d.as_secs()).unwrap_or(0),
+        "load": load_avg(),
+        "input": file,
+        "metrics": metrics,
+    });
+    let mut line = rec.to_string();
+    line.push('\n');
+    use std::io::Write;
+    std::fs::OpenOptions::new().create(true).append(true).open(&hist).and_then(|mut f| f.write_all(line.as_bytes())).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+    eprintln!("bench: {} metrics recorded in {}", metrics.len(), hist.display());
+    let Some(prev) = prev else {
+        eprintln!("bench: first run — nothing to compare");
+        return Ok(());
+    };
+    let reg = regressions(&prev, &metrics, threshold);
+    if reg.is_empty() {
+        eprintln!("bench: no CPU-time regressions > {:.0}% vs previous run", threshold * 100.0);
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+    for (k, p, v) in &reg {
+        eprintln!("bench: REGRESSION {k}: {p:.1} → {v:.1} ms (+{:.0}%)", (v / p - 1.0) * 100.0);
+    }
+    if strict { Err(format!("{} CPU-time regression(s)", reg.len())) } else { Ok(()) }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    const OUT: &str = "gpu: Apple M4 Pro (Metal) (device + kernels: 322 ms)
+gpu vs cpu, loupe 1920×1280 typical: max 1 LSB, mean 0.0001 LSB
+loupe draft 1152×768 cold:             cpu: 379.5 ms wall, 139.5 ms cpu  |  gpu: 19.9 ms wall, 17.2 ms cpu
+export JPEG encode:                    63.9 ms wall, 278.0 ms cpu
+";
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parses_cpu_gpu_and_plain_lines() {
+        let m = parse(OUT);
+        assert_eq!(m["loupe draft 1152×768 cold/cpu/wall"], 379.5);
+        assert_eq!(m["loupe draft 1152×768 cold/gpu/cpu"], 17.2);
+        assert_eq!(m["export JPEG encode/cpu/cpu"], 278.0);
+        assert_eq!(m.len(), 6, "{m:?}");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn flags_only_cpu_time_regressions_over_threshold() {
+        let prev = parse(OUT);
+        let mut now = prev.clone();
+        *now.get_mut("export JPEG encode/cpu/cpu").unwrap() = 400.0; // +44 %
+        *now.get_mut("export JPEG encode/cpu/wall").unwrap() = 400.0; // wall ignored
+        *now.get_mut("loupe draft 1152×768 cold/gpu/cpu").unwrap() = 18.0; // +5 %
+        let r = regressions(&prev, &now, 0.2);
+        assert_eq!(r.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(r[0].0, "export JPEG encode/cpu/cpu");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/xtask/src/main.rs b/xtask/src/main.rs
index c44460cfe..268ba72ee 100644
--- a/xtask/src/main.rs
+++ b/xtask/src/main.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@
 //! invoked through `std::process::Command`.
 
 mod assets;
+mod bench;
 mod layers;
+mod parity;
 mod stats;
 mod web;
 
@@ -16,12 +18,18 @@ usage: cargo xtask <command>
 
 commands:
   assets          every image/icon/font/media file is attributed in assets/ATTRIBUTION.md; no Adobe assets
+  bench [FILE] [--strict] [--threshold PCT]
+                  run the render benchmark, append to target/bench/history.jsonl, compare CPU time with
+                  the previous run (default input: corpus/raw/arw-sony-a7m3-compressed.arw)
   layers          enforce the crate dependency layering (plan/architecture.md §3)
+  parity [--write]
+                  check docs/parity.md (every cmd:/ctl: id and path it cites exists) and print the
+                  Lightroom parity summary; --write refreshes the summary table in the document
   wasm            cargo check --target wasm32-unknown-unknown for the wasm-safe crates (+ the web app)
   web [--serve [port]] [--dev]
                   build the browser app (apps/lightcraft-web) into <target>/web/;
                   --serve serves it on http://127.0.0.1:<port> (default 8080)
-  ci              fmt --check, clippy -D warnings, test, layers, assets, wasm (stops at first failure)
+  ci              fmt --check, clippy -D warnings, test, parity refs, layers, assets, wasm (stops at first failure)
   corpus [--download]
                   show where test corpora live; --download fetches PngSuite and CC0 raw samples (raw.pixls.us) into corpus/
   stats [--exact] count tests and lines per crate (--exact: ask the test harness via `-- --list`)
@@ -33,6 +41,8 @@ fn main() -> ExitCode {
     let result = match args.first().map(String::as_str) {
         Some("layers") => cmd_layers(),
         Some("assets") => assets::run(&root()),
+        Some("bench") => bench::run(&root(), &rest),
+        Some("parity") => parity::run(&root(), rest.contains(&"--write")),
         Some("wasm") => cmd_wasm(),
         Some("web") => web::run(&rest),
         Some("ci") => cmd_ci(),
@@ -172,6 +182,7 @@ fn cmd_ci() -> Result<(), String> {
                 run(c, "cargo test --workspace")
             }),
         ),
+        ("parity", Box::new(|| parity::run(&root(), false))),
         ("layers", Box::new(cmd_layers)),
         ("assets", Box::new(|| assets::run(&root()))),
         ("wasm", Box::new(cmd_wasm)),
diff --git a/xtask/src/parity.rs b/xtask/src/parity.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..651f3372e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xtask/src/parity.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,411 @@
+//! `cargo xtask parity`: the Lightroom parity tracker (`docs/parity.md`).
+//!
+//! - **Reference check** (in `ci`): every `` `cmd:<id>` `` must be a registered command (engine command specs, as
+//!   listed by `lightcraft-cli commands --json`, or a UI command from `UI_COMMANDS`), every `` `ctl:<id>` `` a develop
+//!   control (`lightcraft-cli controls --json`), and every repository path in backticks must exist (with `:line`
+//!   inside the file). A trailing `*` matches an id prefix. Row ids must be unique and statuses valid.
+//! - **Summary**: per section done / partial / missing / out of scope and the share of P0 and P1 rows done;
+//!   `--write` refreshes the table between the `parity:summary` markers in the document.
+
+use std::collections::{BTreeSet, HashSet};
+use std::path::Path;
+
+pub const DOC: &str = "docs/parity.md";
+const BEGIN: &str = "<!-- parity:summary -->";
+const END: &str = "<!-- /parity:summary -->";
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum Status {
+    Done,
+    Partial,
+    Missing,
+    OutOfScope,
+}
+
+impl Status {
+    fn parse(cell: &str) -> Option<Status> {
+        let c = cell.trim_start();
+        [("✅", Status::Done), ("🟡", Status::Partial), ("⬜", Status::Missing), ("🚫", Status::OutOfScope)]
+            .into_iter()
+            .find(|(e, _)| c.starts_with(e))
+            .map(|(_, s)| s)
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum Ref {
+    Cmd(String),
+    Ctl(String),
+    /// Repository-relative path, optional 1-based line.
+    Path(String, Option<usize>),
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct Row {
+    pub id: String,
+    pub tier: String,
+    pub status: Status,
+    pub section: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Default)]
+pub struct Doc {
+    pub rows: Vec<Row>,
+    /// (line, reference) for every reference anywhere in the document.
+    pub refs: Vec<(usize, Ref)>,
+    pub errors: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+fn is_row_id(s: &str) -> bool {
+    let Some((prefix, rest)) = s.split_once('-') else { return false };
+    matches!(prefix, "LR" | "LRC" | "MENU" | "KEY" | "KEYC")
+        && !rest.is_empty()
+        && rest.chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_uppercase() || c.is_ascii_digit() || c == '-')
+}
+
+/// Directories whose paths are checked (others, e.g. the local-only `plan/`, are ignored).
+const CHECKED_DIRS: &[&str] = &["crates/", "apps/", "docs/", "xtask/", "assets/"];
+
+/// A concrete id (not a placeholder such as `cmd:<id>` in prose).
+fn concrete(id: &str) -> bool {
+    !id.is_empty() && id.chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || matches!(c, '.' | '_' | '*'))
+}
+
+fn classify(span: &str) -> Option<Ref> {
+    if let Some(id) = span.strip_prefix("cmd:").filter(|id| concrete(id)) {
+        return Some(Ref::Cmd(id.to_string()));
+    }
+    if let Some(id) = span.strip_prefix("ctl:").filter(|id| concrete(id)) {
+        return Some(Ref::Ctl(id.to_string()));
+    }
+    if CHECKED_DIRS.iter().any(|d| span.starts_with(d)) && !span.contains(' ') {
+        return Some(match span.rsplit_once(':') {
+            Some((p, l)) if l.parse::<usize>().is_ok() => Ref::Path(p.to_string(), l.parse().ok()),
+            _ => Ref::Path(span.to_string(), None),
+        });
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+/// Inline-code spans of one line (single backticks).
+fn code_spans(line: &str) -> Vec<&str> {
+    line.split('`').skip(1).step_by(2).collect()
+}
+
+pub fn parse(md: &str) -> Doc {
+    let mut doc = Doc::default();
+    let mut section = String::new();
+    let mut seen = HashSet::new();
+    let mut in_comment = false;
+    for (i, line) in md.lines().enumerate() {
+        let n = i + 1;
+        let t = line.trim();
+        if t.starts_with("<!--") && !t.contains("-->") {
+            in_comment = true;
+        }
+        if in_comment {
+            in_comment = !t.contains("-->");
+            continue;
+        }
+        if let Some(h) = t.strip_prefix("## ") {
+            section = h.trim().to_string();
+            continue;
+        }
+        for span in code_spans(line) {
+            if let Some(r) = classify(span) {
+                doc.refs.push((n, r));
+            }
+        }
+        if !t.starts_with('|') {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let cells: Vec<&str> = t.trim_matches('|').split('|').map(str::trim).collect();
+        let Some(id) = cells.first().copied().filter(|c| is_row_id(c)) else { continue };
+        if cells.len() < 6 {
+            doc.errors.push(format!("{DOC}:{n}: {id}: expected 6 columns (Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Notes)"));
+            continue;
+        }
+        let Some(status) = Status::parse(cells[3]) else {
+            doc.errors.push(format!("{DOC}:{n}: {id}: status `{}` is not one of ✅ 🟡 ⬜ 🚫", cells[3]));
+            continue;
+        };
+        if !seen.insert(id.to_string()) {
+            doc.errors.push(format!("{DOC}:{n}: duplicate id {id}"));
+        }
+        doc.rows.push(Row { id: id.to_string(), tier: cells[2].to_string(), status, section: section.clone() });
+    }
+    doc
+}
+
+/// Ids in `UI_COMMANDS` (`("view.detail", "Detail", Some("D"), "View"),` lines).
+pub fn ui_command_ids(menus_rs: &str) -> Vec<String> {
+    let Some(start) = menus_rs.find("pub const UI_COMMANDS") else { return Vec::new() };
+    let body = &menus_rs[start..];
+    let body = &body[..body.find("];").unwrap_or(body.len())];
+    body.lines().filter_map(|l| l.trim().strip_prefix("(\"")).filter_map(|l| l.split_once('"').map(|(id, _)| id.to_string())).collect()
+}
+
+fn known(set: &BTreeSet<String>, id: &str) -> bool {
+    match id.strip_suffix('*') {
+        Some(prefix) => set.iter().any(|s| s.starts_with(prefix)),
+        None => set.contains(id),
+    }
+}
+
+/// Reference problems (empty = OK). `file_lines` returns a repository file's line count (None = missing).
+pub fn check(doc: &Doc, commands: &BTreeSet<String>, controls: &BTreeSet<String>, file_lines: impl Fn(&str) -> Option<usize>) -> Vec<String> {
+    let mut out = doc.errors.clone();
+    for (n, r) in &doc.refs {
+        match r {
+            Ref::Cmd(id) if !known(commands, id) => out.push(format!("{DOC}:{n}: unknown command `cmd:{id}`")),
+            Ref::Ctl(id) if !known(controls, id) => out.push(format!("{DOC}:{n}: unknown develop control `ctl:{id}`")),
+            Ref::Path(p, line) => match (file_lines(p), line) {
+                (None, _) => out.push(format!("{DOC}:{n}: missing path `{p}`")),
+                (Some(len), Some(l)) if *l == 0 || *l > len => out.push(format!("{DOC}:{n}: `{p}:{l}` is past the end ({len} lines)")),
+                _ => {}
+            },
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct Counts {
+    pub done: usize,
+    pub partial: usize,
+    pub missing: usize,
+    pub oos: usize,
+    pub p0: (usize, usize),
+    pub p1: (usize, usize),
+}
+
+impl Counts {
+    fn add(&mut self, r: &Row) {
+        match r.status {
+            Status::Done => self.done += 1,
+            Status::Partial => self.partial += 1,
+            Status::Missing => self.missing += 1,
+            Status::OutOfScope => self.oos += 1,
+        }
+        let done = usize::from(r.status == Status::Done);
+        match r.tier.as_str() {
+            "P0" => self.p0 = (self.p0.0 + done, self.p0.1 + 1),
+            "P1" => self.p1 = (self.p1.0 + done, self.p1.1 + 1),
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Per-section counts in document order, plus the total.
+pub fn summarize(doc: &Doc) -> (Vec<(String, Counts)>, Counts) {
+    let mut sections: Vec<(String, Counts)> = Vec::new();
+    let mut total = Counts::default();
+    for r in &doc.rows {
+        if sections.last().is_none_or(|(s, _)| *s != r.section) {
+            sections.push((r.section.clone(), Counts::default()));
+        }
+        sections.last_mut().expect("pushed").1.add(r);
+        total.add(r);
+    }
+    (sections, total)
+}
+
+fn pct((done, n): (usize, usize)) -> String {
+    match (done * 100 + n / 2).checked_div(n) {
+        Some(p) => format!("{done}/{n} ({p}%)"),
+        None => "—".into(),
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn summary_table(doc: &Doc) -> String {
+    let (sections, total) = summarize(doc);
+    let mut s = String::from("| Section | ✅ | 🟡 | ⬜ | 🚫 | P0 done | P1 done |\n|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|\n");
+    let row =
+        |name: &str, c: &Counts| format!("| {name} | {} | {} | {} | {} | {} | {} |\n", c.done, c.partial, c.missing, c.oos, pct(c.p0), pct(c.p1));
+    for (name, c) in &sections {
+        s += &row(name, c);
+    }
+    s += &row("**Total**", &total);
+    s
+}
+
+/// Replace the summary between the markers.
+pub fn with_summary(md: &str, table: &str) -> Option<String> {
+    let b = md.find(BEGIN)? + BEGIN.len();
+    let e = md[b..].find(END)? + b;
+    Some(format!("{}\n{}{}", &md[..b], table, &md[e..]))
+}
+
+fn registry(what: &str) -> Result<BTreeSet<String>, String> {
+    let out = crate::cargo()
+        .args(["run", "-q", "-p", "lightcraft-cli", "--", what, "--json"])
+        .output()
+        .map_err(|e| format!("lightcraft-cli {what}: {e}"))?;
+    if !out.status.success() {
+        return Err(format!("lightcraft-cli {what} --json failed:\n{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&out.stderr)));
+    }
+    let v: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_slice(&out.stdout).map_err(|e| format!("lightcraft-cli {what}: bad JSON: {e}"))?;
+    Ok(v.as_array().into_iter().flatten().filter_map(|c| c["id"].as_str().map(str::to_string)).collect())
+}
+
+pub fn run(root: &Path, write: bool) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let path = root.join(DOC);
+    let md = std::fs::read_to_string(&path).map_err(|e| format!("{}: {e}", path.display()))?;
+    let doc = parse(&md);
+    let menus = std::fs::read_to_string(root.join("crates/ui-egui/src/menus.rs")).map_err(|e| format!("menus.rs: {e}"))?;
+    let mut commands = registry("commands")?;
+    commands.extend(ui_command_ids(&menus));
+    let controls = registry("controls")?;
+    let problems = check(&doc, &commands, &controls, |p| {
+        let full = root.join(p);
+        if full.is_dir() { Some(0) } else { std::fs::read_to_string(full).ok().map(|s| s.lines().count()) }
+    });
+
+    let table = summary_table(&doc);
+    println!("Lightroom parity ({DOC}): {} rows, {} references\n", doc.rows.len(), doc.refs.len());
+    print!("{table}");
+    if write {
+        let new = with_summary(&md, &table).ok_or_else(|| format!("{DOC}: summary markers `{BEGIN}` … `{END}` not found"))?;
+        if new != md {
+            std::fs::write(&path, new).map_err(|e| format!("{}: {e}", path.display()))?;
+            println!("\nupdated the summary in {DOC}");
+        }
+    } else if with_summary(&md, &table).is_some_and(|new| new != md) {
+        println!("\nnote: the summary in {DOC} is stale — run `cargo xtask parity --write`");
+    }
+    // Ids from the local Lightroom reference that have no row yet (plan/ is local-only, so only a warning).
+    let catalog = root.join("plan/lightroom/03-feature-catalog.md");
+    if let Ok(cat) = std::fs::read_to_string(&catalog) {
+        let have: HashSet<&str> = doc.rows.iter().map(|r| r.id.as_str()).collect();
+        let missing: Vec<&str> = cat
+            .lines()
+            .filter_map(|l| l.trim().strip_prefix("| ")?.split(['|', ' ']).next())
+            .filter(|id| id.starts_with("LR-") && !have.contains(id))
+            .collect();
+        if !missing.is_empty() {
+            println!("\nwarning: catalog ids without a row: {}", missing.join(", "));
+        }
+    }
+    if problems.is_empty() {
+        println!("\nOK: every command, control and path referenced in {DOC} exists.");
+        Ok(())
+    } else {
+        println!();
+        for p in &problems {
+            println!("  - {p}");
+        }
+        Err(format!("{} stale reference(s) in {DOC}", problems.len()))
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    const SAMPLE: &str = "\
+# Tracker
+
+Prose mentioning `cmd:edit.undo`, placeholders `cmd:<id>` / `ctl:` and `plan/lightroom/03.md` (not checked) and `rating:3`.
+
+<!-- parity:summary -->
+old
+<!-- /parity:summary -->
+
+<!--
+| LR-IGNORED-ROW | in a comment | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:nope` | |
+-->
+
+## A. Import (IMP)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-IMP-ONE | One | P0 | ✅ | `cmd:library.import`, `crates/engine/src/import.rs:12` | |
+| LR-IMP-TWO | Two | P1 | 🟡 | `ctl:light.*` | partial |
+| LR-IMP-THREE | Three | OOS | 🚫 | | |
+
+| Action | Ours | Theirs |
+|---|---|---|
+| Pick flag | P | Z |
+
+## B. Library (LIB)
+
+| Id | Feature | Tier | Status | Evidence | Missing / notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| LR-LIB-ONE | One | P0 | ⬜ | `cmd:album.nope` | |
+| LR-LIB-ONE | Dup | P1 | done | | |
+| KEY-SHORT | too | few |
+";
+
+    fn set(ids: &[&str]) -> BTreeSet<String> {
+        ids.iter().map(|s| s.to_string()).collect()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parses_rows_sections_and_statuses() {
+        let d = parse(SAMPLE);
+        let ids: Vec<&str> = d.rows.iter().map(|r| r.id.as_str()).collect();
+        assert_eq!(ids, ["LR-IMP-ONE", "LR-IMP-TWO", "LR-IMP-THREE", "LR-LIB-ONE"]);
+        assert_eq!(d.rows[0].section, "A. Import (IMP)");
+        assert_eq!(d.rows[3].section, "B. Library (LIB)");
+        assert_eq!(d.rows[1].status, Status::Partial);
+        assert_eq!(d.rows[2].status, Status::OutOfScope);
+        assert_eq!(d.rows[1].tier, "P1");
+        // the bad-status duplicate and the short row are errors; the comment row is ignored
+        assert_eq!(d.errors.len(), 2, "{:?}", d.errors);
+        assert!(d.errors.iter().any(|e| e.contains("status `done`")));
+        assert!(d.errors.iter().any(|e| e.contains("KEY-SHORT")));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn collects_references_everywhere() {
+        let d = parse(SAMPLE);
+        let refs: Vec<&Ref> = d.refs.iter().map(|(_, r)| r).collect();
+        assert!(refs.contains(&&Ref::Cmd("edit.undo".into())));
+        assert!(refs.contains(&&Ref::Path("crates/engine/src/import.rs".into(), Some(12))));
+        assert!(refs.contains(&&Ref::Ctl("light.*".into())));
+        assert!(!refs.iter().any(|r| matches!(r, Ref::Cmd(id) if id == "nope")), "comment rows are skipped");
+        assert!(!refs.iter().any(|r| matches!(r, Ref::Path(p, _) if p.starts_with("plan/"))));
+        assert_eq!(refs.len(), 5);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn check_reports_unknown_ids_and_paths() {
+        let d = parse(SAMPLE);
+        let cmds = set(&["edit.undo", "library.import"]);
+        let ctls = set(&["light.exposure"]);
+        let problems = check(&d, &cmds, &ctls, |p| (p == "crates/engine/src/import.rs").then_some(100));
+        let unknown: Vec<&String> = problems.iter().filter(|p| p.contains("unknown")).collect();
+        assert_eq!(unknown.len(), 1, "{problems:?}");
+        assert!(unknown[0].contains("cmd:album.nope"));
+        // a line past the end of the file is stale too
+        let short = check(&d, &cmds, &ctls, |_| Some(5));
+        assert!(short.iter().any(|p| p.contains("import.rs:12")));
+        // missing files and unknown controls
+        let none = check(&d, &cmds, &set(&[]), |_| None);
+        assert!(none.iter().any(|p| p.contains("missing path")));
+        assert!(none.iter().any(|p| p.contains("ctl:light.*")));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn summary_counts_and_rewrites_between_markers() {
+        let d = parse(SAMPLE);
+        let (sections, total) = summarize(&d);
+        assert_eq!(sections.len(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(sections[0].1, Counts { done: 1, partial: 1, missing: 0, oos: 1, p0: (1, 1), p1: (0, 1) });
+        assert_eq!(total.p0, (1, 2));
+        let table = summary_table(&d);
+        assert!(table.contains("| A. Import (IMP) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1/1 (100%) | 0/1 (0%) |"), "{table}");
+        assert!(table.contains("| **Total** | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1/2 (50%) | 0/1 (0%) |"), "{table}");
+        let new = with_summary(SAMPLE, &table).unwrap();
+        assert!(!new.contains("\nold\n"));
+        assert!(new.contains(&format!("{BEGIN}\n{table}{END}")));
+        assert_eq!(with_summary(&new, &table).unwrap(), new, "idempotent");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reads_ui_command_ids() {
+        let src = "pub const UI_COMMANDS: &[UiCommand] = &[\n    (\"view.detail\", \"Detail\", Some(\"D\"), \"View\"),\n    (\"app.about\", \"About\", None, \"\"),\n];\nfn x() { (\"not.this\", 1); }";
+        assert_eq!(ui_command_ids(src), ["view.detail", "app.about"]);
+    }
+}