mirror of
https://github.com/storytold/effectcraft.git
synced 2026-10-26 19:18:14 -06:00
Brandon ThomasandClaude Opus 5.5
bb24b931a6
Advanced 3D runs render entirely on the GPU: every motion-blur sub-sample rasterised, resolved and averaged, the depth-based iris depth of field (Classic 3D bokeh spans, highlight boost, progressive levels), the sRGB encode and the composite over the GPU canvas (Accelerator::render_3d, Renderer::prepare_adv_run, adv3d.wgsl). Wireframe outlines draw on the GPU. Fixes NaN environment lookups for straight up/down normals on Metal. bench --gpu gains an Advanced 3D comp (--adv3d). Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
391 lines
16 KiB
Rust
391 lines
16 KiB
Rust
//! Classic 3D depth of field: bokeh-shaped gather blur.
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//!
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//! The camera's Iris Shape (Fast Rectangle, or a regular polygon from Triangle to Decagon),
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//! Iris Rotation, Roundness and Aspect Ratio define the blur kernel; Iris Diffraction Fringe
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//! brightens its rim. Highlight Gain / Threshold / Saturation boost the bright parts of the layer
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//! before blurring so they bloom into visible bokeh shapes. A layer whose depth varies across it
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//! (tilted towards or away from the camera) is blurred progressively: the buffer is blurred at a
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//! few kernel sizes and every pixel blends the two that bracket its own circle of confusion.
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use effectcraft_raster::Image;
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use rayon::prelude::*;
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use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
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/// Camera iris (Camera Options ▸ Iris …).
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#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
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pub struct Iris {
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/// 0 = Fast Rectangle, else the number of sides (3–10).
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pub sides: u32,
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/// Degrees.
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pub rotation: f64,
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/// −1…1: 1 = circular, negative pinches the sides inwards.
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pub roundness: f64,
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/// Width / height of the aperture.
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pub aspect: f64,
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/// Rim brightness: 0 = none, 1 = the rim is twice as bright (Iris Diffraction Fringe / 100).
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pub fringe: f64,
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}
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impl Default for Iris {
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fn default() -> Self {
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Iris { sides: 0, rotation: 0.0, roundness: 0.0, aspect: 1.0, fringe: 0.0 }
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}
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}
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/// Highlight boost before the blur (Camera Options ▸ Highlight …), all 0–1.
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#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
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pub struct Highlight {
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pub gain: f64,
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pub threshold: f64,
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pub saturation: f64,
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}
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impl Iris {
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/// Iris Shape popup index → sides (0 Fast Rectangle, 1 Triangle … 8 Decagon).
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pub fn sides_of_shape(shape: u32) -> u32 {
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if shape == 0 { 0 } else { (shape + 2).min(10) }
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}
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/// Normalised boundary distance (1 = circumscribed circle) of the iris at angle `a`.
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fn boundary(&self, a: f64) -> f64 {
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let n = self.sides.max(3) as f64;
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let seg = std::f64::consts::TAU / n;
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let rel = (a - self.rotation.to_radians()).rem_euclid(seg) - seg * 0.5;
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let poly = (std::f64::consts::PI / n).cos() / rel.cos();
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let r = self.roundness.clamp(-1.0, 1.0);
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// Positive: towards the circumscribed circle; negative: the sides bow inwards (the
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// vertices stay put, the edge midpoints move in).
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if r >= 0.0 { poly + (1.0 - poly) * r } else { (poly + (1.0 - poly) * r * 2.0).max(0.05) }
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}
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/// Whether the kernel offset (dx, dy) lies inside an iris of radius `r`.
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fn inside(&self, r: f64, dx: f64, dy: f64) -> bool {
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let a = self.aspect.clamp(0.01, 100.0).sqrt();
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let (u, v) = (dx / a, dy * a);
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let d = u.hypot(v);
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d < 1e-9 || d <= self.boundary(v.atan2(u)) * r
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}
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/// The kernel as horizontal spans: for every row offset `dy`, the (fractional) x extent
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/// `[x0, x1]` of the iris of radius `r` at that height. The iris is convex for roundness ≥ 0;
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/// a pinched iris keeps its outermost extent per row.
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pub fn spans(&self, r: f64) -> Vec<(i32, f64, f64)> {
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let a = self.aspect.clamp(0.01, 100.0).sqrt();
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let (ext_x, ext_y) = (r * a + 1.0, (r / a).ceil() as i32 + 1);
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let mut out = Vec::new();
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for dy in -ext_y..=ext_y {
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let y = dy as f64;
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// Coarse scan, then bisection of both ends.
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let step = 0.5;
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let mut first = None;
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let mut last = None;
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let mut x = -ext_x;
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while x <= ext_x {
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if self.inside(r, x, y) {
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first.get_or_insert(x);
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last = Some(x);
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}
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x += step;
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}
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let (Some(f), Some(l)) = (first, last) else { continue };
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let refine = |inside_x: f64, outside_x: f64| {
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let (mut i, mut o) = (inside_x, outside_x);
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for _ in 0..12 {
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let m = (i + o) * 0.5;
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if self.inside(r, m, y) { i = m } else { o = m }
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}
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(i + o) * 0.5
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};
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out.push((dy, refine(f, f - step), refine(l, l + step)));
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}
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out
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}
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}
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/// Prefix sums of each row (per channel): `p[x]` = sum of pixels `0..x`.
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fn row_prefix(img: &Image) -> Vec<Vec<[f32; 4]>> {
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let w = img.width as usize;
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img.data
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.par_chunks(w.max(1))
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.map(|row| {
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let mut acc = [0.0f32; 4];
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let mut v = Vec::with_capacity(w + 1);
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v.push(acc);
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for p in row {
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for c in 0..4 {
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acc[c] += p[c];
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}
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v.push(acc);
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}
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v
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})
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.collect()
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}
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/// Continuous prefix: sum over [0, t) with linear interpolation inside a pixel.
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#[inline]
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fn prefix_at(p: &[[f32; 4]], t: f64) -> [f32; 4] {
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let n = p.len() - 1;
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if t <= 0.0 {
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return [0.0; 4];
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}
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if t >= n as f64 {
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return p[n];
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}
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let i = t.floor() as usize;
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let f = (t - i as f64) as f32;
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let (a, b) = (p[i], p[i + 1]);
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[a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * f, a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * f, a[2] + (b[2] - a[2]) * f, a[3] + (b[3] - a[3]) * f]
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}
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/// Gather with span kernels: `(weight, spans)` pairs summed, then normalised by `norm`.
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fn span_gather(img: &Image, kernels: &[(f32, Vec<(i32, f64, f64)>)], norm: f32) -> Image {
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let pre = row_prefix(img);
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let (w, h) = (img.width as usize, img.height as i64);
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let mut out = Image::new(img.width, img.height);
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let inv = 1.0 / norm;
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out.data.par_chunks_mut(w.max(1)).enumerate().for_each(|(y, row)| {
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for (x, o) in row.iter_mut().enumerate() {
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let mut acc = [0.0f32; 4];
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for (wt, spans) in kernels {
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for &(dy, x0, x1) in spans {
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let sy = y as i64 + dy as i64;
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if sy < 0 || sy >= h {
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continue;
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}
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let pr = &pre[sy as usize];
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let (hi, lo) = (prefix_at(pr, x as f64 + x1 + 0.5), prefix_at(pr, x as f64 + x0 + 0.5));
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for c in 0..4 {
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acc[c] += (hi[c] - lo[c]) * wt;
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}
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}
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}
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*o = acc.map(|v| v * inv);
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}
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});
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out
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}
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/// Boost the highlights of a premultiplied image in place.
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pub fn boost_highlights(img: &mut Image, h: &Highlight) {
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if h.gain <= 0.0 {
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return;
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}
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let thr = h.threshold.clamp(0.0, 1.0) as f32;
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img.data.par_iter_mut().for_each(|p| {
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if p[3] <= 0.0 {
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return;
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}
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let a = p[3];
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let (r, g, b) = (p[0] / a, p[1] / a, p[2] / a);
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let l = effectcraft_color::luminance(r, g, b);
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if l < thr || (thr >= 1.0 && l < 1.0) {
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return;
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}
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let over = if thr < 1.0 { ((l - thr) / (1.0 - thr)).clamp(0.0, 1.0) } else { 1.0 };
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let k = 1.0 + h.gain as f32 * 4.0 * over.max(0.25);
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let sat = 1.0 + h.saturation as f32;
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let c = [r, g, b].map(|c| (l + (c - l) * sat).max(0.0) * k);
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*p = [c[0] * a, c[1] * a, c[2] * a, a];
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});
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}
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/// Weighted row-span kernels and their normalisation.
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pub type Kernels = (Vec<(f32, Vec<(i32, f64, f64)>)>, f32);
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/// The bokeh kernel of radius `r` as weighted row spans (see [`Iris::spans`]) and the sum of
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/// weights; `None` when the blur does nothing (radius below 0.3 px). Fast Rectangle is the box
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/// of the iris' width and height (one span per row covering whole pixels); the diffraction
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/// fringe adds the rim as the full iris minus a shrunken one. The GPU gathers with exactly these
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/// spans.
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pub fn kernel_spans(iris: &Iris, r: f64) -> Option<Kernels> {
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if r < 0.3 {
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return None;
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}
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if iris.sides == 0 {
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let a = iris.aspect.clamp(0.01, 100.0).sqrt();
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let rx = (r * a).round().max(0.0) as i32;
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let ry = (r / a).round().max(0.0) as i32;
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if rx == 0 && ry == 0 {
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return None;
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}
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let spans = (-ry..=ry).map(|dy| (dy, -rx as f64 - 0.5, rx as f64 + 0.5)).collect();
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return Some((vec![(1.0, spans)], ((2 * rx + 1) * (2 * ry + 1)) as f32));
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}
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let outer = iris.spans(r);
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let area = |sp: &[(i32, f64, f64)]| sp.iter().map(|s| (s.2 - s.1) as f32).sum::<f32>();
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let mut kernels = vec![(1.0f32, outer)];
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if iris.fringe > 0.0 {
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let rim = (r * 0.15).max(1.0);
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let inner = if r - rim > 0.5 { iris.spans(r - rim) } else { Vec::new() };
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let f = iris.fringe as f32;
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kernels[0].0 = 1.0 + f;
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kernels.push((-f, inner));
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}
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let norm: f32 = kernels.iter().map(|(wt, sp)| wt * area(sp)).sum();
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(norm > 0.0).then_some((kernels, norm))
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}
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/// Gather blur of a premultiplied image with a bokeh kernel of radius `r` (pixels). Pixels
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/// beyond the image are transparent.
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pub fn bokeh_blur(img: &Image, iris: &Iris, r: f64) -> Image {
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if r < 0.3 {
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return img.clone();
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}
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if iris.sides == 0 {
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// Fast Rectangle: a separable box of the iris' width and height (the same as its spans).
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let a = iris.aspect.clamp(0.01, 100.0).sqrt();
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let rx = (r * a).round().max(0.0) as usize;
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let ry = (r / a).round().max(0.0) as usize;
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return effectcraft_raster::box_blur(img, rx, ry, 1, false);
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}
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// The iris as row spans (prefix-sum gather: cost ∝ kernel height, not area).
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match kernel_spans(iris, r) {
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Some((kernels, norm)) => span_gather(img, &kernels, norm),
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None => img.clone(),
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}
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}
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/// The blur levels of a depth-varying blur ([`progressive_blur`]): `None` when nothing blurs,
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/// one level for a near-constant radius, else up to eight radii spanning the range.
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pub fn blur_levels(radius: &[f32]) -> Option<Vec<f32>> {
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let (lo, hi) = radius.iter().fold((f32::INFINITY, 0.0f32), |(a, b), &r| (a.min(r), b.max(r)));
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if !lo.is_finite() || hi < 0.3 {
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return None;
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}
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if hi - lo < 0.75 {
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return Some(vec![(lo + hi) * 0.5]);
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}
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let n = (((hi - lo) / 2.0).ceil() as usize + 1).clamp(2, 8);
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Some((0..n).map(|i| lo + (hi - lo) * i as f32 / (n - 1) as f32).collect())
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}
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/// How much level `k` of `levels` contributes at radius `r` (the two levels bracketing `r`
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/// are blended linearly).
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pub fn level_weight(levels: &[f32], k: usize, r: f32) -> f32 {
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let n = levels.len();
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if n <= 1 {
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return 1.0;
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}
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let (lo, hi) = (levels[0], levels[n - 1]);
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let f = ((r - lo) / (hi - lo) * (n - 1) as f32).clamp(0.0, (n - 1) as f32);
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let kk = (f.floor() as usize).min(n - 2);
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let t = f - kk as f32;
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if k == kk {
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1.0 - t
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} else if k == kk + 1 {
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t
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} else {
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0.0
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}
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}
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/// Depth-varying blur: `radius` gives each pixel's blur radius. The image is blurred at up to
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/// eight radii spanning the range and each pixel interpolates between the two levels around
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/// its own radius.
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pub fn progressive_blur(img: &Image, iris: &Iris, radius: &[f32]) -> Image {
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let Some(levels) = blur_levels(radius) else { return img.clone() };
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if levels.len() == 1 {
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return bokeh_blur(img, iris, levels[0] as f64);
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}
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let (lo, hi, n) = (levels[0], levels[levels.len() - 1], levels.len());
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let blurred: Vec<Image> = levels.par_iter().map(|&r| bokeh_blur(img, iris, r as f64)).collect();
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let mut out = Image::new(img.width, img.height);
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out.data.par_iter_mut().enumerate().for_each(|(i, o)| {
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let r = radius[i];
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let f = ((r - lo) / (hi - lo) * (n - 1) as f32).clamp(0.0, (n - 1) as f32);
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let k = (f.floor() as usize).min(n - 2);
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let t = f - k as f32;
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let (a, b) = (blurred[k].data[i], blurred[k + 1].data[i]);
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*o = [0, 1, 2, 3].map(|c| a[c] + (b[c] - a[c]) * t);
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});
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out
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}
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#[cfg(test)]
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mod tests {
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use super::*;
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/// A single bright point in the middle of a transparent image.
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fn dot(size: u32) -> Image {
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let mut img = Image::new(size, size);
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let c = (size / 2) as usize;
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img.data[c * size as usize + c] = [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0];
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img
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}
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fn lit(img: &Image, x: i32, y: i32) -> bool {
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let c = img.width as i32 / 2;
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img.data[((c + y) * img.width as i32 + c + x) as usize][3] > 1e-4
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}
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#[test]
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fn kernel_shapes() {
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// A hexagon with a vertex on +x (rotation 0): the point at 0.97 r on +x is inside, the
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// point at 0.97 r at 30° (an edge midpoint at cos 30° = 0.866 r) is outside.
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let hex = Iris { sides: 6, ..Default::default() };
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let b = bokeh_blur(&dot(81), &hex, 20.0);
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assert!(lit(&b, 19, 0));
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let (x, y) = ((19.4f64 * 30f64.to_radians().cos()).round() as i32, (19.4f64 * 30f64.to_radians().sin()).round() as i32);
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assert!(!lit(&b, x, y), "edge midpoint beyond the apothem");
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// Rotating by 30° swaps them.
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let rot = Iris { rotation: 30.0, ..hex };
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let b = bokeh_blur(&dot(81), &rot, 20.0);
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assert!(!lit(&b, 19, 0) && lit(&b, x, y));
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// Full roundness: a circle.
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let round = Iris { roundness: 1.0, ..hex };
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let b = bokeh_blur(&dot(81), &round, 20.0);
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assert!(lit(&b, 19, 0) && lit(&b, x, y));
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// Triangle: far less area than a decagon of the same radius.
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let area = |sides| {
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let b = bokeh_blur(&dot(81), &Iris { sides, ..Default::default() }, 20.0);
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b.data.iter().filter(|p| p[3] > 1e-4).count()
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};
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assert!(area(3) * 2 < area(10), "{} vs {}", area(3), area(10));
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// Aspect ratio 4 makes it twice as wide and half as tall.
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let wide = Iris { sides: 8, aspect: 4.0, ..Default::default() };
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let b = bokeh_blur(&dot(121), &wide, 15.0);
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assert!(lit(&b, 28, 0) && !lit(&b, 0, 10));
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// Energy is preserved.
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let sum: f32 = b.data.iter().map(|p| p[3]).sum();
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assert!((sum - 1.0).abs() < 1e-3, "{sum}");
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}
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#[test]
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fn diffraction_fringe_brightens_the_rim() {
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let plain = bokeh_blur(&dot(81), &Iris { sides: 8, ..Default::default() }, 20.0);
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let fringe = bokeh_blur(&dot(81), &Iris { sides: 8, fringe: 2.0, ..Default::default() }, 20.0);
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let at = |img: &Image, x: i32| img.data[(40 * 81 + 40 + x) as usize][3];
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assert!((at(&plain, 0) - at(&plain, 17)).abs() < 1e-6, "flat disc");
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assert!(at(&fringe, 18) > at(&fringe, 0) * 1.5, "{} vs {}", at(&fringe, 18), at(&fringe, 0));
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}
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#[test]
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fn highlights_boost_only_above_threshold() {
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let mut img = Image::new(2, 1);
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img.data = vec![[0.9, 0.9, 0.9, 1.0], [0.3, 0.3, 0.3, 1.0]];
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boost_highlights(&mut img, &Highlight { gain: 0.5, threshold: 0.8, saturation: 0.0 });
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assert!(img.data[0][0] > 1.2 && img.data[1][0] == 0.3);
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let mut c = Image::new(1, 1);
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c.data = vec![[1.0, 0.8, 0.8, 1.0]];
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boost_highlights(&mut c, &Highlight { gain: 0.1, threshold: 0.5, saturation: 1.0 });
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assert!(c.data[0][0] - c.data[0][1] > 0.3, "more saturated: {:?}", c.data[0]);
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}
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#[test]
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fn progressive_blur_follows_the_radius_map() {
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// A vertical line, blurred 0 px at the top rising to 8 px at the bottom.
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let (w, h) = (41u32, 41u32);
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let mut img = Image::new(w, h);
|
||
for y in 0..h as usize {
|
||
img.data[y * w as usize + 20] = [1.0; 4];
|
||
}
|
||
let radius: Vec<f32> = (0..(w * h) as usize).map(|i| (i / w as usize) as f32 / 40.0 * 8.0).collect();
|
||
let out = progressive_blur(&img, &Iris { sides: 6, roundness: 1.0, ..Default::default() }, &radius);
|
||
let spread = |y: usize| (0..w as usize).filter(|&x| out.data[y * w as usize + x][3] > 0.03).count();
|
||
assert!(spread(1) <= 3, "top stays sharp: {}", spread(1));
|
||
assert!(spread(39) >= 13, "bottom is wide: {}", spread(39));
|
||
assert!(spread(20) > spread(1) && spread(20) < spread(39));
|
||
}
|
||
}
|